Space-air-ground integrated network switching method and apparatus, device, readable storage medium, and computer program product

Abstract

The present application provides a space-air-ground integrated network switching method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium. The method comprises: acquiring movement trajectory information of a multi-access user equipment, the movement trajectory information comprising the current position of the multi-access user equipment and a predicted position of the multi-access user equipment within a first preset duration after the current time; acquiring first network state information of a fixed, mobile and satellite converged network, the first network state information comprising current network state information of the fixed, mobile and satellite converged network and predicted network state information of a space-air-ground integrated network within the first preset duration after the current time; and on the basis of the movement trajectory information and the first network state information, during the movement of the multi-access user equipment, switching a connection network of the multi-access user equipment from a first access network to a second access network. The present application can realize seamless switching technology for space-air-ground integrated networks, achieving fast and stable switching between different networks.

Description

Methods, apparatus, equipment, readable storage media, and computer program products for integrated air-space-ground network handover.

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510128431.4, filed on February 5, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, readable storage medium, and computer program product for integrated air-space-ground network switching. Background Technology

[0004] With the rapid development of information technology, traditional network architectures can no longer meet the ever-increasing global demand for information transmission and processing. The integrated air-space-ground information network, as an important direction for future network development, has advantages such as wide coverage, high transmission speed, and strong processing capabilities. With the rapid development of communication technology, the integrated air-space-ground network, as a comprehensive network architecture, can integrate network resources on the ground, in the air, and in space to achieve seamless communication and data transmission globally.

[0005] Existing surveys show that most passengers prefer to fly on commercial airlines with internet access. Beyond passenger preference, internet service is also crucial for flight operations, facilitating data transmission such as flight data, cabin video data, aircraft position and attitude data, and aircraft health monitoring data. This allows for real-time communication with the ground via text, photos, voice, and video, as well as real-time access to route information, airport radar echo maps, and various meteorological data. This aids crew decision-making and improves flight safety. Therefore, current commercial airlines utilize integrated air-space-ground information networks for communication. Besides aviation, passengers on other modes of transportation, including cars, ships, and high-speed trains, as well as outdoor enthusiasts, have similar needs and can also utilize integrated air-space-ground information networks for communication.

[0006] Taking an airplane as an example, air-to-ground (ATG) communication can be used, with numerous ground base stations set up along the aircraft's flight path. The base station antennas face the sky to provide mobile communication signals to the aircraft, thus enabling internet access. However, aircraft routes often involve remote areas and maritime regions, where the installation and maintenance of base stations are extremely difficult. High-orbit satellite communication can be used, but during communication handover, issues such as unstable network connections and discontinuous communication can occur. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a method, apparatus, device, readable storage medium, and computer program product for integrated air-space-ground network handover, which solves the problems of unstable network connection and discontinuous communication that occur during existing communication handover processes.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the embodiments of this application provide the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for integrated air-space-ground network handover, including:

[0010] The movement trajectory information of multiple access user equipments during the movement process is obtained, and the movement trajectory information includes the current position of the multiple access user equipments and the predicted position of the multiple access user equipments within a first preset time after the current time;

[0011] Obtain first network status information of a fixed, mobile, and satellite integrated network, which includes a satellite communication network, an air-to-ground communication network, and a terrestrial communication network. The first network status information includes the current network status information of the fixed, mobile, and satellite integrated network and the predicted network status information within a first preset time period after the current time.

[0012] Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, during the movement of the multiple access user equipment, the connection network of the multiple access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network;

[0013] Wherein, the first access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first access network.

[0014] Optionally, the integrated network control architecture in the fixed, mobile, and satellite converged network includes: a network status perception and analysis unit, an intelligent handover decision-making unit, and a multi-access collaborative execution unit;

[0015] The method further includes:

[0016] The network status perception and analysis unit collects and integrates heterogeneous network status information from satellite, air and ground access networks in real time.

[0017] The intelligent handover decision unit generates a handover decision based on the fused information provided by the network status perception and analysis unit, the movement trajectory information, and the network strategy.

[0018] The handover decision is executed by the multi-access collaborative execution unit, which controls the multi-access user equipment to establish a connection with the target network and forward data streams.

[0019] Optionally, the network status information includes at least one of the following:

[0020] Network signal strength;

[0021] Network coverage;

[0022] Network load information;

[0023] Link status information, including bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, and link availability;

[0024] Network topology data;

[0025] Network service types;

[0026] Network connection duration;

[0027] User service priority information.

[0028] Optionally, based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, during the movement of the multiple access user equipment (MAU), the connection network of the MAU is switched from the first access network to the second access network, including:

[0029] Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, determine the available access networks in the fixed, mobile and satellite converged network that cover the current location of the multi-access user equipment and the predicted location of the multi-access user equipment within a first preset time after the current time. The available access networks include the first access network and the second access network.

[0030] Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first access network, the connection network of the multi-access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network.

[0031] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0032] Obtain satellite ephemeris data;

[0033] Based on the satellite ephemeris data, determine the current network coverage area of ​​the satellite communication network and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time;

[0034] Based on the current network coverage area and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time, determine whether the satellite communication network covers the current location of the multi-access user equipment and the predicted location of the multi-access user equipment within a first preset time period after the current time.

[0035] Optionally, based on the first network status information corresponding to the first access network, switching the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes:

[0036] Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first access network, the time when the first condition is met is determined as the switching time, and the time within the first preset duration after the current time includes the switching time;

[0037] During the switching time, the connection network of the multiple access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network.

[0038] Optionally, the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0039] The signal strength of the first access network is less than the preset strength;

[0040] The latency of the first access network is greater than the preset latency;

[0041] The packet loss rate of the first access network is greater than a preset value;

[0042] The transmission rate of the first access network is less than the preset rate;

[0043] The target weight value is greater than the preset value;

[0044] The target weight value is determined based on at least one of the following: a first weight value corresponding to the signal strength of the first access network, a second weight value corresponding to the latency of the first access network, a third weight value corresponding to the packet loss rate of the first access network, and a fourth weight value corresponding to the transmission rate of the first access network.

[0045] Optionally, the process of determining the target weight value includes:

[0046] Set a first weight value corresponding to the signal strength of the first access network, a second weight value corresponding to the latency of the first access network, a third weight value corresponding to the packet loss rate of the first access network, and a fourth weight value corresponding to the transmission rate of the first access network.

[0047] The target information that satisfies the second condition in the first information is determined, wherein the first information includes the signal strength of the first access network, the latency of the first access network, the packet loss rate of the first access network, and the transmission rate of the first access network.

[0048] The target weight value is obtained by summing the weight values ​​corresponding to the target information;

[0049] The second condition includes:

[0050] The signal strength of the first access network is less than the preset strength;

[0051] The latency of the first access network is greater than the preset latency;

[0052] The packet loss rate of the first access network is greater than the preset value;

[0053] The transmission rate of the first access network is less than the preset rate.

[0054] Optionally, switching the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes:

[0055] Obtain the handover cost from the first access network to each of the available access networks;

[0056] The available access network with the lowest switching cost will be used as the second access network.

[0057] The connection network of the multi-access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network.

[0058] Optionally, switching the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes:

[0059] Control the negotiation of communication parameters between the multiple access user equipment and the second access network;

[0060] Control the establishment of a communication link between the multi-access user equipment and the second access network;

[0061] The first data packet is cached in the second access network, wherein the first data packet is the most recently transmitted data packet in the first access network.

[0062] Optionally, switching the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes:

[0063] Based on the predicted location of the multiple access user equipment within a first preset time period after the current time, predict the changes in the communication signals of the multiple access user equipment during the handover process.

[0064] The receiving and transmitting parameters of the multi-access user equipment are adjusted according to the changes in the communication signal.

[0065] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0066] The historical trajectory information and historical handover strategy of the multi-access user equipment are obtained, wherein the historical handover strategy is used to indicate the historical situation of the multi-access user equipment switching the network connection.

[0067] Using machine learning algorithms, a switching strategy model is constructed based on the historical trajectory information and the historical switching strategy;

[0068] The movement trajectory information is input into the switching strategy model to obtain the real-time switching strategy output by the switching strategy model;

[0069] According to the real-time switching strategy, the network connection of the multiple access user equipment is switched.

[0070] Optionally, the historical information is used to indicate switching the multi-access user equipment from a first historical access network to a second historical access network. The first historical access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second historical access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first historical access network.

[0071] Optionally, before switching the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network, the method includes:

[0072] The system controls the multiple access user equipment to perform signal detection and handshake operations with the second access network, negotiate communication parameters, and establish a partial connection link.

[0073] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0074] Obtain priority information of the communication requirements of the multiple access user equipment;

[0075] Based on the priority information of the communication requirements and the network load information of the connection network of the multi-access user equipment, network resources are allocated to the multi-access user equipment.

[0076] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0077] Obtain the data packets to be transmitted from the multiple access user equipments;

[0078] Based on the service type of the data packet to be transmitted, determine the transmission path of the data packet to be transmitted in the multi-access user equipment connection network.

[0079] Optionally, the method supports service continuity, ensuring that ongoing service status and sessions are maintained during the movement of the multiple access user equipment.

[0080] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an integrated air-space-ground network handover device, comprising:

[0081] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the movement trajectory information of multiple access user equipments during the movement process. The movement trajectory information includes the current position of the multiple access user equipments and the predicted position of the multiple access user equipments within a first preset time after the current time.

[0082] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the first network status information of the fixed, mobile and satellite integrated network, which includes a satellite communication network, an air-to-ground communication network and a ground communication network. The first network status information includes the current network status information of the fixed, mobile and satellite integrated network and the predicted network status information within a first preset time after the current time.

[0083] The first processing module is configured to switch the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network during the movement of the multiple access user equipment, based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information.

[0084] Wherein, the first access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first access network;

[0085] Optionally, the device supports service continuity, ensuring that ongoing service status and sessions are maintained during the movement of the multiple access user equipment.

[0086] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an integrated air-space-ground network handover device, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0087] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a readable storage medium storing a program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0088] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0089] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0090] The air-space-ground integrated network handover method provided in this application acquires the mobile device's movement trajectory information and the first network status information of the air-space-ground integrated network. Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, it switches the mobile device's connected network from the first regional network in the air-space-ground integrated network to the second regional network in the air-space-ground integrated network during the mobile device's movement. This achieves seamless handover technology for the air-space-ground integrated network, enabling fast and stable handover between different networks and improving communication continuity and data transmission efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0091] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 2 shows the architecture diagram of the air-space-ground integrated network coverage seamless handover system provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated air-space-ground network switching device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated air-ground network switching device provided in the embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0095] To make the technical problems, solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as configurations and components are provided merely to aid in a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures have been omitted.

[0096] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, without limiting the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0097] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of the information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0098] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used in the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems.

[0099] To address the issues of unstable network connections and discontinuous communication during existing communication handover processes, this application provides an integrated air-space-ground network handover method, apparatus, device, and storage medium.

[0100] The air-space-ground integrated network handover method provided in this application acquires the mobile device's movement trajectory information and the first network status information of the air-space-ground integrated network. Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, it switches the mobile device's connected network from the first regional network in the air-space-ground integrated network to the second regional network in the air-space-ground integrated network during the mobile device's movement. This achieves seamless handover technology for the air-space-ground integrated network, enabling fast and stable handover between different networks and improving communication continuity and data transmission efficiency.

[0101] As shown in Figure 1, this application embodiment provides a method for integrated air-space-ground network handover, including:

[0102] Step 101: Obtain the movement trajectory information of the mobile device (i.e., the multi-access user device) during its movement. The movement trajectory information includes the current location of the mobile device and the predicted location of the mobile device within a first preset time period after the current time.

[0103] Among them, multi-access user equipment (MUE) refers to user equipment that can simultaneously access two or more access networks under the control of network enhanced multi-access capability.

[0104] It should be noted that the integrated air-space-ground network handover method provided in this application embodiment is executed by an integrated air-space-ground network coverage seamless handover system. The architecture diagram of this integrated air-space-ground network coverage seamless handover system is shown in Figure 2. The system includes an integrated air-space-ground network module, a network connection management module, and a seamless handover control module. The integrated air-space-ground network module includes, but is not limited to, low-Earth orbit satellites, drones, and ground base stations. The network connection methods for mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, microwave (satellite), wireless signals (base stations), or space optical communication. The network connection management module is responsible for the allocation, routing, and forwarding of network resources. The seamless handover control module is responsible for monitoring network status and executing handover decisions. In Figure 2, the objects requiring network coverage include mobile terminals, such as airplanes, cars, and ships.

[0105] To save onboard space, the integrated air-ground network module employs a multi-band antenna array, used to receive both terrestrial wireless network signals and satellite network signals. The antenna array should possess high gain and wide bandwidth characteristics to ensure accurate reception of signals from different frequency bands. For example, the terrestrial wireless network antenna can cover commonly used 4G / 5G frequency bands, while the satellite network antenna is designed according to the frequency band of the satellite communication system used.

[0106] The network connectivity management module includes multiple Network Interface Cards (NICs) for connecting to terrestrial wireless networks and satellite networks. Each NIC should support the corresponding communication protocols (such as 4G / 5G protocols, satellite communication protocols, etc.) and possess high-speed data transmission capabilities. Additionally, the NIC can be equipped with a large-capacity cache memory, such as Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), to cache data during handover. The cache memory capacity should be rationally designed based on the device's network usage and data transmission requirements.

[0107] In this step, taking an airplane as an example, the current position (i.e., the current time position) of the airplane can be obtained based on its flight path, as well as the predicted position within a first preset time period after the current time. Similarly, the current position (i.e., the current time position) of mobile terminals such as cars and ships can be obtained based on their navigation and positioning systems. The predicted position within a first preset time period after the current time of mobile terminals such as cars and ships can also be predicted using deep learning algorithms, combining historical position data and real-time sensor-sensed position information.

[0108] In this step, the seamless switching control module in Figure 2 is used to obtain the movement trajectory information, so as to use the movement trajectory information to switch the subsequent connection network.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, the location includes, but is not limited to, the location of the terminal, speed, direction, and trend of position change.

[0110] Before initiating seamless handover of integrated air-space-ground network coverage, the entire system must first be initialized and configured. This includes configuring various parameters and strategies for the integrated air-space-ground network modules (including low-Earth orbit satellites, UAVs, ground base stations, etc.), network connectivity management modules, and seamless handover control modules. For example, this involves setting network topology information, defining network performance thresholds, and configuring handover algorithm parameters.

[0111] Specifically, taking an aircraft as an example, the system first obtains the latest satellite ephemeris data, including satellite position, trajectory, and signal strength, through communication with the ground control center. This data is updated in real time and stored in the aircraft's network connectivity management module. The aircraft is equipped with a high-precision positioning system that monitors its current position and flight path in real time. Based on the aircraft's real-time position and flight path information, the network connectivity management module predicts the aircraft's position changes over a future period.

[0112] Step 102: Obtain the first network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network, namely the fixed, mobile and satellite convergence (FMSC) network, which includes a satellite communication network, an air-to-ground ATG communication network and a terrestrial communication network. The first network status information includes the current network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network and the predicted network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network within a first preset time period after the current time.

[0113] Among them, the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground ATG communication network, and the terrestrial communication network are different regional networks.

[0114] In Figure 2, the low-orbit satellites of the integrated air-space-ground network module provide satellite communication networks, the UAVs provide air-to-ground ATG communication networks, and the ground base stations provide ground communication networks.

[0115] In this step, the network connection management module in Figure 2 is used to obtain the first network status information in the integrated air-space-ground network, and forward the first network status information to the seamless handover control module so as to use the first network status information to perform subsequent connection network handover.

[0116] Step 103: Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, during the movement of the mobile device, switch the connection network of the mobile device from the first regional network (i.e., the first access network) to the second regional network (i.e., the second access network).

[0117] Wherein, the first regional network is one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second regional network is any one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first regional network.

[0118] First, it should be noted that, as shown in Figure 2, the seamless switching control module includes an analysis unit, a decision-making unit, an execution unit, and an adjustment unit.

[0119] The analysis unit is responsible for real-time analysis of network status information. This analysis involves analyzing network status information from the integrated air-space-ground network module, including multiple sensors and detectors, to measure performance metrics such as link bandwidth, latency, and packet loss rate, and to collect network topology data and service category information. The analysis unit then transmits the collected information to the decision unit for processing.

[0120] Decision Unit: Based on monitored information and preset switching strategies, the decision unit generates switching decisions. It generates these decisions using information provided by the analysis unit and preset switching strategies and algorithms. The decision unit includes one or more processors and memory to store algorithm models and parameters, and to execute complex calculations and decision-making processes. The output of the decision unit is a switching decision instruction, which guides the execution unit to perform the switching operation.

[0121] Execution Unit: Executes the handover operation based on the handover decision. The execution unit, including components such as the Network Interface Card (NIC), routing table manager, and firewall, performs the handover operation according to the instructions of the decision unit. This is used to adjust the configuration of network devices, establish new network channels, and forward data packets. The execution unit needs to ensure the speed and accuracy of the handover operation to reduce handover latency and packet loss rate.

[0122] Adjustment Unit: Dynamically adjusts handover strategies and network channels based on changes in network status. The adjustment unit is responsible for dynamically adjusting handover strategies and network channels according to changes in network status. It includes an optimizer or adaptive controller to optimize handover algorithms and parameter settings based on monitoring data and long-term statistical results. The adjustment unit can also adjust resource allocation and transmission priorities based on service demands and changes in network load to maximize network performance. When network load changes (e.g., a sudden increase or decrease in network traffic, a burst of service traffic, etc.) or user demands change (e.g., a user launching a high-bandwidth application), resource allocation is adjusted in real time according to preset rules and algorithms. A gradual adjustment strategy is adopted during the adjustment process to avoid frequent and drastic changes in resources affecting network stability. For example, when network traffic increases, it first attempts to meet the demand by optimizing the utilization efficiency of existing resources (e.g., adjusting caching strategies, optimizing routing algorithms, etc.); if this still cannot meet the demand, bandwidth allocation is gradually increased or service priorities are adjusted to ensure the continuity and stability of network services.

[0123] In this step, the analysis unit analyzes the first network status information based on the movement trajectory information. If the analysis results indicate that the signal strength of the first regional network connected to the mobile device is insufficient at a future time (a certain period of time), or that the signal strength and latency of the second regional network are high at a future time (a certain period of time), the analysis result is sent to the decision unit. Based on this analysis result, the decision unit determines whether to switch the mobile device's network connection from the first regional network to the second regional network during the mobile device's movement, and sends this decision result to the execution unit. Based on this decision result, the execution unit executes the switch of the mobile device's network connection from the first regional network to the second regional network during the mobile device's movement.

[0124] The time within the first preset duration after the current time includes a certain time (a certain period of time) mentioned above.

[0125] For example, during flight, when the ATG communication network is detected to have a strong signal and low latency, the algorithm will prioritize the ATG communication network; when the aircraft flies over remote areas or over sea areas, the algorithm will automatically switch to the satellite communication network to ensure the continuity of network coverage.

[0126] In this embodiment, the above steps achieve seamless handover technology for an integrated air-space-ground network, enabling rapid and stable switching between different networks and improving communication continuity and data transmission efficiency. Therefore, the integrated air-space-ground network handover method supports service continuity, ensuring that ongoing service states and sessions are maintained during the movement of multiple access user equipment.

[0127] In some embodiments, the integrated network control architecture in a fixed, mobile, and satellite converged network includes: a network status awareness and analysis unit, an intelligent handover decision-making unit, and a multi-access collaborative execution unit.

[0128] The integrated air-space-ground network handover method also includes:

[0129] The network status awareness and analysis unit collects and integrates heterogeneous network status information from satellite, air and ground access networks in real time.

[0130] The intelligent handover decision unit generates handover decisions based on the fused information, movement trajectory information, and network strategies provided by the network status perception and analysis unit.

[0131] The multi-access collaborative execution unit executes the handover decision, controls the multi-access user equipment to establish a connection with the target network and forward data streams.

[0132] As shown in Figure 2, the network connection management module collects and predicts the network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network module in real time, monitors and predicts the resource status of the satellite communication network, terrestrial communication network, and ATG communication network in real time, and sends this network status information to the seamless handover control module. The network status information includes at least one of the following:

[0133] Network signal strength;

[0134] Network coverage area: Based on the network coverage area and the location of the terminal, it can be determined whether the network covers the terminal.

[0135] Network load information, including the amount of data processed by the network;

[0136] Link status information, such as link availability, bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, etc.

[0137] Network topology data, which describes the devices, links, and connections in a network;

[0138] Network service type, which is used to distinguish different types of data packets and service requirements, so as to allocate network resources according to different priorities of service requirements or different types of data;

[0139] Network connection duration, which can be understood as the current connection duration of the mobile terminal to the network;

[0140] User service priority information.

[0141] It should be noted that, given the special nature of the application scenario in this application embodiment, taking an airplane as an example, the flight route is basically determined, the base station location is fixed, and the satellite trajectory is fixed. Based on the fixed route, the timing, location, and type of network connected are basically certain events, but the uncertainty of certain events caused by changes in the route cannot be excluded.

[0142] In an optional embodiment, based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, during the movement of the mobile device, switching the connection network of the mobile device from a first local area network to a second local area network includes:

[0143] Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, an available area network (i.e., an available access network) within the integrated air-space-ground network that covers the current location of the mobile device and its predicted location within a first preset time period after the current time is determined. The available area network includes the first area network and the second area network. In some embodiments, taking an aircraft as an example, based on the aircraft's flight path information, the aircraft's current location and its predicted location within a first preset time period after the current time are obtained. This location is then matched with the current network coverage area and the predicted network coverage area of ​​the integrated air-space-ground network within a first preset time period after the current time in the first network status information to predict whether the integrated air-space-ground network covers the aircraft at the current time and within the first preset time period after the current time.

[0144] Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first regional network, the connection network of the mobile device is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network. That is, based on the current network status of the first regional network currently connected to the mobile terminal and the predicted network status information within a first preset time after the current time, it is determined whether to switch the connection network of the mobile device and the switching time.

[0145] In an optional implementation, to determine whether a satellite communication network covers the location of a mobile device, the method further includes:

[0146] Obtain satellite ephemeris data;

[0147] The latest satellite ephemeris data is acquired in real time via satellite communication links or data transmission from ground control centers. This satellite ephemeris data includes information such as satellite orbital parameters (e.g., semi-major axis, eccentricity, inclination), position coordinates, and signal strength distribution.

[0148] Based on the satellite ephemeris data, the current network coverage area of ​​the satellite communication network and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time are determined.

[0149] In some embodiments, satellite ephemeris data is parsed and preprocessed to convert it into a format suitable for local computation and decision-making. At the same time, based on the satellite's motion patterns and prediction algorithms, the current network coverage area of ​​the satellite communication network and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time are calculated in advance.

[0150] Based on the current network coverage area and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time, determine whether the satellite communication network covers the current location of the mobile device and the predicted location of the mobile device within a first preset time period after the current time.

[0151] It should also be noted that the decision-making unit of the seamless handover control module employs pre-connection and fast handover mechanisms to achieve low-latency handover between different connected networks. The pre-connection mechanism refers to the process where, when the intelligent network selection algorithm determines that a network switch is needed—for example, when flying along a fixed route where network coverage is predicted in advance—the device establishes a connection with the target network before reaching the designated location, ensuring a seamless handover. Alternatively, when conditions permit, dual-connection or multi-connection technologies are used to ensure network continuity at the moment of handover, reducing packet loss and latency, and improving user experience.

[0152] During the handover process, handover can be performed based on certain handover strategies and algorithms. Optionally, based on the first network status information corresponding to the first regional network, the connection network of the mobile device is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network, including:

[0153] Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first regional network, the time when the first condition is met is determined as the switching time, and the time within the first preset duration after the current time includes the switching time.

[0154] This can be understood as follows: based on the first network state information corresponding to the first regional network, if the network state of the first regional network meets the first condition at the current time or at a certain time within the first preset duration after the current time, a handover operation can be triggered. When the first condition is met, the handover decision process is initiated.

[0155] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0156] The signal strength of the first area network is less than a preset strength, for example, the signal strength is less than -100dBm;

[0157] The latency of the first regional network is greater than a preset latency, for example, the latency is greater than 100ms;

[0158] The packet loss rate of the first area network is greater than a preset value, for example, the packet loss rate is greater than 5%;

[0159] The transmission rate of the first regional network is less than the preset rate, for example, the transmission rate is less than 10 kbit / s;

[0160] The target weight value is greater than the preset value;

[0161] The target weight value is determined based on at least one of the following: a first weight value corresponding to the signal strength of the first regional network, a second weight value corresponding to the latency of the first regional network, a third weight value corresponding to the packet loss rate of the first regional network, and a fourth weight value corresponding to the transmission rate of the first regional network.

[0162] In one alternative embodiment, the process of determining the target weight value includes:

[0163] A first weight value is set for the signal strength of the first regional network, a second weight value for the latency of the first regional network, a third weight value for the packet loss rate of the first regional network, and a fourth weight value for the transmission rate of the first regional network; different weight values ​​are assigned to different network status information. Optionally, the larger the weight value, the higher the priority of the network status information.

[0164] For example, signal strength is the highest priority, and the first weight value is 50%;

[0165] Latency is the second priority, with a second weight of 20%.

[0166] Packet loss rate is the second-highest priority, with a third-highest weight of 10%.

[0167] The transmission rate is the second-second-second priority, with a fourth weight of 5%.

[0168] Identify the target information in the first set of information that satisfies the second condition;

[0169] The first information includes the signal strength of the first regional network, the latency of the first regional network, the packet loss rate of the first regional network, and the transmission rate of the first regional network.

[0170] The second condition includes:

[0171] The signal strength of the first area network is less than a preset strength, for example, the signal strength is less than -100dBm;

[0172] The latency of the first regional network is greater than a preset latency, for example, the latency is greater than 100ms;

[0173] The packet loss rate of the first area network is greater than a preset value, for example, the packet loss rate is greater than 5%;

[0174] The transmission rate of the first regional network is less than the preset rate, for example, the transmission rate is less than 10 kbit / s;

[0175] The target weight value is obtained by summing the weight values ​​corresponding to the target information.

[0176] For example, if the target information includes packet loss rate and latency, that is, if the packet loss rate of the first area network is greater than a preset value and the latency of the first area network is greater than a preset latency, then the target weight is 30%.

[0177] In an optional embodiment, switching the mobile device's connection network from the first local area network to the second local area network includes:

[0178] Obtain the handover cost from the first regional network to each of the available regional networks;

[0179] The available area network with the lowest switching cost will be used as the second area network.

[0180] The mobile device's connection network is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network.

[0181] In this optional embodiment, reinforcement learning algorithms such as deep Q-network (DQN) can be used to continuously learn and obtain the switching cost of switching the mobile terminal from the first regional network to each available regional network, so as to minimize the switching cost (such as latency and packet loss) and maximize network performance.

[0182] It should also be noted that the fast handover mechanism refers to the optimization of the handover process and protocol based on pre-connection to achieve a fast response to network handover, minimize handover latency, and ensure communication continuity and data transmission efficiency.

[0183] In an optional embodiment, before switching the mobile device's connection network from the first local area network to the second local area network, the method further includes:

[0184] Control the negotiation of communication parameters between the mobile device and the second regional network;

[0185] Control the establishment of a communication link between the mobile device and the second regional network;

[0186] The first data packet is cached in the second regional network, wherein the first data packet is the most recently transmitted data packet in the first regional network.

[0187] In this optional embodiment, before making a switching decision, the configuration of the network connection management module is adjusted, a new network channel is established, and the data packet to be transmitted is switched from the currently connected first regional network to the second regional network. In some embodiments, the execution unit shown in FIG2 adjusts the configuration of the network connection management module, establishes a new network channel (i.e., controls the establishment of a communication link between the mobile device and the second regional network), switches the data packet to be transmitted from the current network to the target network, and, before switching, performs signal detection and handshake operations with the second regional network to negotiate communication parameters (such as frequency, bandwidth, encoding method, etc.) in advance and establish a partial connection link (such as backup link preparation in dual-connection technology).

[0188] Furthermore, to achieve seamless handover, the handover location and time can be accurately determined based on flight routes and ephemeris data, and a stable connection link can be established in advance (i.e., a communication link can be established between the mobile device and the second regional network). Reliable connection establishment protocols and optimized signal interaction processes can be adopted. Alternatively, dual-connection or multi-connection technologies can be used to achieve high efficiency and stability, and data traffic can be distributed through intelligent load balancing algorithms to ensure a seamless connection transition, achieving zero data loss and uninterrupted service at the moment of handover.

[0189] Furthermore, during the handover process, it is crucial to ensure the integrity and order of data packets to prevent data loss and out-of-order delivery. When switching communication modes, fast session migration technology is employed to ensure seamless continuation of ongoing communication sessions (such as voice calls and data transmissions) on the new network connection. A session management mechanism is established between the network and application layers to enable rapid migration and recovery of session state information. Caching and prefetching techniques are used to cache data packets in local devices or network nodes at the moment of handover, preventing packet loss or out-of-order delivery. For example, when switching from satellite communication to terrestrial base station communication, the terrestrial base station pre-caches the last transmitted data packet from the satellite communication link (i.e., the first data packet) and immediately forwards it to the aircraft after the handover is complete, ensuring the continuity of data transmission.

[0190] In an optional embodiment, switching the mobile device's connection network from the first local area network to the second local area network includes:

[0191] Based on the predicted location of the mobile device within a first preset time period after the current time, predict the changes in the communication signal of the mobile device during the handover process;

[0192] The receiving and transmitting parameters of the mobile device are adjusted according to the changes in the communication signal.

[0193] Taking an airplane as an example, the signal changes during the handover process are predicted based on the airplane's speed and direction, and the receiving and transmitting parameters of the communication equipment are adjusted in advance to ensure signal continuity during the handover process.

[0194] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes:

[0195] The historical trajectory information and historical switching strategy of the mobile device are obtained, wherein the historical switching strategy is used to indicate the historical situation of the mobile device switching the connection network; in some embodiments, the historical situation is used to indicate the switching of the mobile device from a first historical area network to a second historical area network, wherein the first historical area network is one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network and the terrestrial communication network, and the second historical area network is any one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network and the terrestrial communication network other than the first historical area network;

[0196] Using machine learning algorithms, a switching strategy model is constructed based on the historical trajectory information and the historical switching strategy;

[0197] The movement trajectory information is input into the switching strategy model to obtain the real-time switching strategy output by the switching strategy model;

[0198] According to the real-time switching strategy, the network connection of the mobile device is switched.

[0199] In this optional embodiment, a handover strategy model is generated using machine learning algorithms and historical data. Based on this handover strategy model, which includes the switching status of the mobile terminal's network connection during historical movement, the real-time handover strategy of the mobile terminal during real-time movement can be predicted according to the handover strategy model. Based on the real-time handover strategy, the connection network of the mobile device is switched.

[0200] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes:

[0201] Obtain priority information for the communication needs of the mobile device;

[0202] Based on the priority information of the communication request and the network load information of the mobile device's connected network, network resources are allocated to the mobile device.

[0203] In some embodiments, to improve network resource utilization efficiency, the network connection management module employs a dynamic resource allocation strategy, dynamically adjusting the resource allocation of satellite communication networks, ATG communication networks, and terrestrial communication networks based on real-time network load and user demand. For example, when network load is high, the network connection management module prioritizes critical communication needs, such as emergency rescue and military reconnaissance, allocating more network resources to these critical applications through intelligent scheduling to ensure communication quality and data transmission efficiency. Simultaneously, for non-critical applications, such as internet data and image data, the network connection management module reduces their network resource requirements through intelligent compression and caching technologies, achieving efficient utilization of network resources.

[0204] Based on the priority of user needs (e.g., emergency rescue services are the highest priority, critical control commands are the next highest priority, and ordinary internet data is the lowest priority) and real-time network load, network resources are allocated to different services and users. Taking into account factors such as the importance of the service, real-time requirements, and bandwidth needs, a utility value is calculated for each service, and resources are allocated according to the size of the utility value, with appropriate resource allocation towards higher-priority services. For example, during network congestion, sufficient bandwidth and low-latency transmission channels are prioritized for emergency rescue data, while the bandwidth requirements of other lower-priority services are reduced or their data packets are temporarily buffered to ensure the normal operation of critical services.

[0205] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes:

[0206] Obtain the data packet to be transmitted from the mobile device;

[0207] Based on the service type of the data packet to be transmitted, determine the transmission path of the data packet to be transmitted in the mobile device's connection network.

[0208] In some embodiments, when the system receives a data packet to be transmitted, the data packet first enters the network connection management module for preliminary processing. Based on the current network status and routing policy, and in conjunction with the intelligent network selection algorithm, a suitable transmission path is selected to send the data packet to the target address.

[0209] The network connectivity management module collects real-time load information such as network traffic, bandwidth utilization, and concurrent connections. Based on port number, protocol type, and application characteristics, it uses deep packet inspection technology to classify data packets, distinguishing different types of service traffic (such as voice, video, and data), providing detailed information for resource allocation. The data collection frequency can be adjusted according to dynamic network changes; the collection frequency is increased when network load fluctuates significantly to ensure timely monitoring of network status changes.

[0210] It should also be noted that the method further includes: after the handover is completed, the analysis unit of the seamless handover control module will continue to evaluate the new network status and dynamically adjust the network channel and handover strategy as needed. This includes adjusting bandwidth allocation based on changes in network load and adjusting transmission priority based on service priority. Simultaneously, the handover algorithm and strategy can be optimized based on long-term monitoring data to improve the overall system performance.

[0211] Taking an aircraft as an example, the process of the integrated air-ground-space network handover method is explained as follows:

[0212] Based on the aircraft's current location and flight path, combined with satellite ephemeris data, the range of the aircraft's location changes over a future period is predicted. Using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and satellite orbit calculation models, a precise matching analysis is performed between the aircraft's flight path and the coverage area of ​​the satellite network to determine the satellite resources accessible to the aircraft at different flight phases, as well as potential network coverage gaps and signal variations.

[0213] When an aircraft anticipates entering a network coverage gap or a deterioration in the current satellite network connection quality during flight, the network handover process is initiated in advance. A pre-connection mechanism establishes a partial connection link with the target satellite or backup network before handover, preparing the necessary parameter configurations. When handover conditions are met (e.g., signal strength below a threshold, latency exceeding a set value), the network handover operation is executed rapidly, switching the aircraft's network connection from the current satellite to the target satellite or other available networks. This ensures data continuity during the handover process and minimizes packet loss and downtime.

[0214] The integrated air-space-ground network handover method provided in this application optimizes handover strategies and network management to achieve rapid and stable handover between terrestrial and satellite networks. This improves communication continuity and data transmission efficiency, enabling seamless integration and efficient handover of terrestrial, airborne, and space network resources. It enhances the continuity and stability of global communication and data transmission, overcoming the limitations of traditional networks in terms of coverage, transmission latency, and data processing efficiency. This provides strong technical support for various fields such as public welfare, military reconnaissance, environmental monitoring, disaster early warning, and smart cities. Besides aircraft requiring network coverage, other modes of transportation such as automobiles and ships also require this service. Furthermore, the integrated air-space-ground network handover method provided in this application effectively reduces handover latency and packet loss rate by real-time monitoring of network status and rapid execution of handover operations, improving communication continuity. It employs intelligent handover strategies to reduce unnecessary handover operations and lower handover signaling overhead. By dynamically adjusting network channels and handover strategies, it balances network load and improves overall resource utilization. Finally, by optimizing the handover process and network management, it enhances network stability and reliability. It can also realize a system that intelligently judges and automatically switches communication modes based on satellite ephemeris data of the aircraft's flight path, so as to ensure fast and stable network connection during flight, whether the aircraft is on land, at sea or in remote areas, thereby improving communication continuity and data transmission efficiency. It can automatically select the optimal network connection mode based on factors such as real-time network conditions, geographical location and communication needs, and can dynamically adjust network resource allocation according to network load and user needs to improve resource utilization efficiency. Through pre-connection and fast switching mechanisms, it can achieve low-latency switching between different networks to ensure communication continuity. Through the collaborative work of satellite and ground base stations, it can optimize network coverage in remote areas and sea routes.

[0215] As shown in Figure 3, this application embodiment also provides an integrated air-space-ground network handover device, including:

[0216] The first acquisition module 301 is used to acquire the movement trajectory information of the mobile device during the movement process. The movement trajectory information includes the current position of the mobile device and the predicted position of the mobile device within a first preset time after the current time.

[0217] The second acquisition module 302 is used to acquire the first network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network, which includes a satellite communication network, an air-to-ground ATG communication network and a ground communication network. The first network status information includes the current network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network and the predicted network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network within a first preset time after the current time.

[0218] The first processing module 303 is used to switch the connection network of the mobile device from the first regional network to the second regional network during the movement of the mobile device, based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information.

[0219] Wherein, the first regional network is one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second regional network is any one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first regional network;

[0220] The device supports service continuity, ensuring that ongoing service status and sessions are maintained during the movement of the multiple access user equipment.

[0221] Optionally, the network status information includes at least one of the following:

[0222] Network signal strength;

[0223] Network coverage;

[0224] Network load information;

[0225] Link status information, including bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, and link availability;

[0226] Network topology data;

[0227] Network service types;

[0228] Network connection duration;

[0229] User service priority information.

[0230] Optionally, the first processing module 303 includes:

[0231] The first processing unit is configured to determine, based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, an available area network in the integrated air-space-ground network that covers the current location of the mobile device and the predicted location of the mobile device within a first preset time period after the current time, wherein the available area network includes the first area network and the second area network.

[0232] The second processing unit is configured to switch the connection network of the mobile device from the first regional network to the second regional network based on the first network status information corresponding to the first regional network.

[0233] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0234] The third acquisition module is used to acquire satellite ephemeris data;

[0235] The second processing module is used to determine the current network coverage area of ​​the satellite communication network and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time after the current time based on the satellite ephemeris data.

[0236] The third processing module is used to determine whether the satellite communication network covers the current location of the mobile device and the predicted location of the mobile device within the first preset time period after the current time, based on the current network coverage area and the predicted network coverage area within the first preset time period after the current time.

[0237] Optionally, the first processing module 303 includes:

[0238] The third processing unit is used to determine the time when the first condition is met as the switching time based on the first network status information corresponding to the first regional network, and the time within the first preset duration after the current time includes the switching time.

[0239] The fourth processing unit is configured to switch the connection network of the mobile device from the first regional network to the second regional network during the switching time.

[0240] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0241] The signal strength of the first area network is less than the preset strength;

[0242] The latency of the first regional network is greater than the preset latency;

[0243] The packet loss rate of the first area network is greater than a preset value;

[0244] The transmission rate of the first regional network is less than the preset rate;

[0245] The target weight value is greater than the preset value;

[0246] The target weight value is determined based on at least one of the following: a first weight value corresponding to the signal strength of the first regional network, a second weight value corresponding to the latency of the first regional network, a third weight value corresponding to the packet loss rate of the first regional network, and a fourth weight value corresponding to the transmission rate of the first regional network.

[0247] Optionally, the second processing unit is configured to:

[0248] Obtain the handover cost from the first regional network to each of the available regional networks;

[0249] The available area network with the lowest switching cost will be used as the second area network.

[0250] The mobile device's connection network is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network.

[0251] Optionally, the first processing module 303 includes:

[0252] The fifth processing unit is used to control the negotiation of communication parameters between the mobile device and the second regional network;

[0253] The sixth processing unit is used to control the establishment of a communication link between the mobile device and the second regional network;

[0254] The seventh processing unit is configured to cache the first data packet in the second regional network, wherein the first data packet is the most recently transmitted data packet in the first regional network.

[0255] Optionally, the first processing module 303 includes:

[0256] The eighth processing unit is used to predict the changes in the communication signal of the mobile device during the handover process based on the predicted position of the mobile device within a first preset time period after the current time.

[0257] The ninth processing unit is used to adjust the receiving and transmitting parameters of the mobile device according to the changes in the communication signal.

[0258] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0259] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the historical trajectory information and historical switching strategy of the mobile device, wherein the historical switching strategy is used to indicate the historical situation of the mobile device switching the network connection.

[0260] The fourth processing module is used to construct a switching strategy model based on the historical trajectory information and the historical switching strategy using machine learning algorithms;

[0261] The fifth processing module is used to input the movement trajectory information into the switching strategy model to obtain the real-time switching strategy output by the switching strategy model;

[0262] The sixth processing module is used to switch the network connection of the mobile device according to the real-time switching strategy.

[0263] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0264] The third acquisition module is used to acquire priority information of the communication requirements of the mobile device;

[0265] The seventh processing module is used to allocate network resources to the mobile device based on the priority information of the communication requirements and the network load information of the network to which the mobile device is connected.

[0266] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0267] The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire the data packet to be transmitted by the mobile device;

[0268] The eighth processing module is used to determine the transmission path of the data packet to be transmitted in the mobile device's connection network based on the service type of the data packet to be transmitted.

[0269] It should be noted that the air-space-ground integrated network handover device provided in this application embodiment is a device capable of executing the above-described air-space-ground integrated network handover method. Therefore, all embodiments of the above-described air-space-ground integrated network handover method are applicable to this device and can achieve the same or similar technical effects.

[0270] As shown in Figure 4, this application embodiment also provides an integrated air-space-ground network switching device, including: a processor 401; and a memory 403 connected to the processor 401 via a bus interface 402. The memory 403 is used to store the programs and data used by the processor 401 when performing operations, and the processor 401 calls and executes the programs and data stored in the memory 403.

[0271] The transceiver 404 is connected to the bus interface 402 and is used to receive and send data under the control of the processor 401. In some embodiments, the processor 401 is used to read programs from the memory 403 and to execute the following processes:

[0272] The movement trajectory information of the mobile device during movement is obtained, including the current position of the mobile device and the predicted position of the mobile device within a first preset time after the current time.

[0273] Acquire the first network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network, which includes a satellite communication network, an air-to-ground ATG communication network, and a terrestrial communication network. The first network status information includes the current network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network and the predicted network status information of the integrated air-space-ground network within a first preset time after the current time.

[0274] Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, during the movement of the mobile device, the connection network of the mobile device is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network;

[0275] Wherein, the first regional network is one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second regional network is any one of the satellite communication network, the ATG communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first regional network.

[0276] Optionally, the network status information includes at least one of the following:

[0277] Network signal strength;

[0278] Network coverage;

[0279] Network load information;

[0280] Link status information, including bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, and link availability;

[0281] Network topology data;

[0282] Network service types;

[0283] Network connection duration;

[0284] User service priority information.

[0285] Optionally, the processor 401 is used to:

[0286] Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, an available area network in the integrated air-space-ground network is determined that covers the current location of the mobile device and the predicted location of the mobile device within a first preset time after the current time. The available area network includes the first area network and the second area network.

[0287] Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first regional network, the connection network of the mobile device is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network.

[0288] Optionally, the processor 401 is further configured to:

[0289] Obtain satellite ephemeris data;

[0290] Based on the satellite ephemeris data, determine the current network coverage area of ​​the satellite communication network and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time;

[0291] Based on the current network coverage area and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time, determine whether the satellite communication network covers the current location of the mobile device and the predicted location of the mobile device within a first preset time period after the current time.

[0292] Optionally, the processor 401 is used to:

[0293] Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first regional network, the time when the first condition is met is determined as the switching time, and the time within the first preset duration after the current time includes the switching time;

[0294] During the switching time, the connection network of the mobile device is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network;

[0295] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0296] The signal strength of the first area network is less than the preset strength;

[0297] The latency of the first regional network is greater than the preset latency;

[0298] The packet loss rate of the first area network is greater than a preset value;

[0299] The transmission rate of the first regional network is less than the preset rate;

[0300] The target weight value is greater than the preset value;

[0301] The target weight value is determined based on at least one of the following: a first weight value corresponding to the signal strength of the first regional network, a second weight value corresponding to the latency of the first regional network, a third weight value corresponding to the packet loss rate of the first regional network, and a fourth weight value corresponding to the transmission rate of the first regional network.

[0302] Optionally, the processor 401 is used to:

[0303] Obtain the handover cost from the first regional network to each of the available regional networks;

[0304] The available area network with the lowest switching cost will be used as the second area network.

[0305] The mobile device's connection network is switched from the first regional network to the second regional network.

[0306] Optionally, the processor 401 is used to:

[0307] Control the negotiation of communication parameters between the mobile device and the second regional network;

[0308] Control the establishment of a communication link between the mobile device and the second regional network;

[0309] The first data packet is cached in the second regional network, wherein the first data packet is the most recently transmitted data packet in the first regional network.

[0310] Optionally, the processor 401 is used to:

[0311] Based on the predicted location of the mobile device within a first preset time period after the current time, predict the changes in the communication signal of the mobile device during the handover process;

[0312] The receiving and transmitting parameters of the mobile device are adjusted according to the changes in the communication signal.

[0313] Optionally, the processor 401 is further configured to:

[0314] The historical trajectory information and historical switching strategy of the mobile device are obtained, wherein the historical switching strategy is used to indicate the historical situation of the mobile device switching the network connection.

[0315] Using machine learning algorithms, a switching strategy model is constructed based on the historical trajectory information and the historical switching strategy;

[0316] The movement trajectory information is input into the switching strategy model to obtain the real-time switching strategy output by the switching strategy model;

[0317] According to the real-time switching strategy, the network connection of the mobile device is switched.

[0318] Optionally, the processor 401 is further configured to:

[0319] Obtain priority information for the communication needs of the mobile device;

[0320] Based on the priority information of the communication request and the network load information of the mobile device's connected network, network resources are allocated to the mobile device.

[0321] Optionally, the processor 401 is further configured to:

[0322] Obtain the data packet to be transmitted from the mobile device;

[0323] Based on the service type of the data packet to be transmitted, determine the transmission path of the data packet to be transmitted in the mobile device's connection network.

[0324] In Figure 4, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 401 and memory represented by memory 403. The bus architecture may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. A bus interface provides a user interface 405. A transceiver 404 may be multiple elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Processor 401 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and memory 403 may store data used by processor 401 during operation.

[0325] In addition, embodiments of this application also provide a readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method as described above. The readable storage medium may be, for example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0326] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0327] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be physically included separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0328] The integrated units implemented as software functional units described above can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. These software functional units, stored in a storage medium, include several instructions that cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute partial steps of the resource selection method described in the various embodiments of this application, or to execute partial steps of the information transmission method described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0329] This application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the method embodiment shown in FIG1 above and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0330] The above describes the preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles described in this application, and these improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for integrated air-space-ground network handover, comprising: The movement trajectory information of multiple access user equipments during the movement process is obtained, and the movement trajectory information includes the current position of the multiple access user equipments and the predicted position of the multiple access user equipments within a first preset time after the current time; Obtain first network status information of a fixed, mobile, and satellite integrated network, which includes a satellite communication network, an air-to-ground communication network, and a terrestrial communication network. The first network status information includes the current network status information of the fixed, mobile, and satellite integrated network and the predicted network status information within a first preset time period after the current time. Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, during the movement of the multiple access user equipment, the connection network of the multiple access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network; Wherein, the first access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first access network.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The integrated network control architecture in the fixed, mobile and satellite converged network includes: a network status perception and analysis unit, an intelligent handover decision-making unit, and a multi-access collaborative execution unit; The method further includes: The network status perception and analysis unit collects and integrates heterogeneous network status information from satellite, air and ground access networks in real time. The intelligent handover decision unit generates a handover decision based on the fused information provided by the network status perception and analysis unit, the movement trajectory information, and the network strategy. The handover decision is executed by the multi-access collaborative execution unit, which controls the multi-access user equipment to establish a connection with the target network and forward data streams.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The network status information includes at least one of the following: Network signal strength; Network coverage; Network load information; Link status information, including bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, and link availability; Network topology data; Network service types; Network connection duration; User service priority information.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, during the movement of the multiple access user equipment (MAU), switching the connection network of the MAU from the first access network to the second access network includes: Based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information, determine the available access networks in the fixed, mobile and satellite converged network that cover the current location of the multi-access user equipment and the predicted location of the multi-access user equipment within a first preset time after the current time. The available access networks include the first access network and the second access network. Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first access network, the connection network of the multi-access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The method further includes: Obtain satellite ephemeris data; Based on the satellite ephemeris data, determine the current network coverage area of ​​the satellite communication network and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time; Based on the current network coverage area and the predicted network coverage area within a first preset time period after the current time, determine whether the satellite communication network covers the current location of the multi-access user equipment and the predicted location of the multi-access user equipment within a first preset time period after the current time.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first access network, switching the connection network of the multi-access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes: Based on the first network status information corresponding to the first access network, the time when the first condition is met is determined as the switching time, and the time within the first preset duration after the current time includes the switching time; During the switching time, the connection network of the multiple access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The first condition includes at least one of the following: The signal strength of the first access network is less than the preset strength; The latency of the first access network is greater than the preset latency; The packet loss rate of the first access network is greater than a preset value; The transmission rate of the first access network is less than the preset rate; The target weight value is greater than the preset value; The target weight value is determined based on at least one of the following: a first weight value corresponding to the signal strength of the first access network, a second weight value corresponding to the latency of the first access network, a third weight value corresponding to the packet loss rate of the first access network, and a fourth weight value corresponding to the transmission rate of the first access network.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The process of determining the target weight value includes: Set a first weight value corresponding to the signal strength of the first access network, a second weight value corresponding to the latency of the first access network, a third weight value corresponding to the packet loss rate of the first access network, and a fourth weight value corresponding to the transmission rate of the first access network. The target information that satisfies the second condition in the first information is determined, wherein the first information includes the signal strength of the first access network, the latency of the first access network, the packet loss rate of the first access network, and the transmission rate of the first access network. The target weight value is obtained by summing the weight values ​​corresponding to the target information; The second condition includes: The signal strength of the first access network is less than the preset strength; The latency of the first access network is greater than the preset latency; The packet loss rate of the first access network is greater than the preset value; The transmission rate of the first access network is less than the preset rate.

9. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Switching the connection network of the multi-access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes: Obtain the handover cost from the first access network to each of the available access networks; The available access network with the lowest switching cost will be used as the second access network. The connection network of the multi-access user equipment is switched from the first access network to the second access network.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Switching the connection network of the multi-access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes: Control the negotiation of communication parameters between the multiple access user equipment and the second access network; Control the establishment of a communication link between the multi-access user equipment and the second access network; The first data packet is cached in the second access network, wherein the first data packet is the most recently transmitted data packet in the first access network.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Switching the connection network of the multi-access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network includes: Based on the predicted location of the multiple access user equipment within a first preset time period after the current time, predict the changes in the communication signals of the multiple access user equipment during the handover process. The receiving and transmitting parameters of the multi-access user equipment are adjusted according to the changes in the communication signal.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: The historical trajectory information and historical handover strategy of the multi-access user equipment are obtained, wherein the historical handover strategy is used to indicate the historical situation of the multi-access user equipment switching the network connection. Using machine learning algorithms, a switching strategy model is constructed based on the historical trajectory information and the historical switching strategy; The movement trajectory information is input into the switching strategy model to obtain the real-time switching strategy output by the switching strategy model; According to the real-time switching strategy, the network connection of the multiple access user equipment is switched.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The historical information is used to indicate the switching of the multi-access user equipment from a first historical access network to a second historical access network. The first historical access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network. The second historical access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first historical access network.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein, Before switching the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network, the method includes: The system controls the multiple access user equipment to perform signal detection and handshake operations with the second access network, negotiate communication parameters, and establish a partial connection link.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Obtain priority information of the communication requirements of the multiple access user equipment; Based on the priority information of the communication requirements and the network load information of the connection network of the multi-access user equipment, network resources are allocated to the multi-access user equipment.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Obtain the data packets to be transmitted from the multiple access user equipments; Based on the service type of the data packet to be transmitted, determine the transmission path of the data packet to be transmitted in the multi-access user equipment connection network.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method supports service continuity, ensuring that ongoing service status and sessions are maintained during the movement of the multiple access user equipment.

18. A space-air-ground integrated network switching device, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the movement trajectory information of multiple access user equipments during the movement process. The movement trajectory information includes the current position of the multiple access user equipments and the predicted position of the multiple access user equipments within a first preset time after the current time. The second acquisition module is used to acquire the first network status information of the fixed, mobile and satellite integrated network, which includes a satellite communication network, an air-to-ground communication network and a ground communication network. The first network status information includes the current network status information of the fixed, mobile and satellite integrated network and the predicted network status information within a first preset time after the current time. The first processing module is configured to switch the connection network of the multiple access user equipment from the first access network to the second access network during the movement of the multiple access user equipment, based on the movement trajectory information and the first network status information. Wherein, the first access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network, and the second access network is one of the satellite communication network, the air-to-ground communication network, and the terrestrial communication network other than the first access network.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein, The device supports service continuity, ensuring that ongoing service status and sessions are maintained during the movement of the multiple access user equipment.

20. An integrated air-space-ground network switching device, comprising: A processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

21. A readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

22. A computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the integrated air-space-ground network handover method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

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