Method and apparatus for determining time instant when non-access point station is ready for bandwidth dependent operation after dynamic bandwidth expansion of access point
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
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Figure CN2026077580_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING TIME INSTANT WHEN NON-ACCESS POINT STATION IS READY FOR BANDWIDTH DEPENDENT OPERATION AFTER DYNAMIC BANDWIDTH EXPANSION OF ACCESS POINTBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1.FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to wireless communications, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for determining a time instant when a non-access point (non-AP) station (STA) is ready for a bandwidth (BW) dependent operation after dynamic bandwidth expansion (DBE) of an access point (AP) .
[0002] 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
[0003] Currently, in a wireless local area network (WLAN) such as a Wi-Fi network, an AP may support a channel bandwidth (CBW) up to 320 MHz that is larger than a CBW (e.g., 20, 40, 80, or 160 MHz) of a non-AP STA with cost consideration. For a typical Wi-Fi network operation, all transmissions must include the primary 20MHz channel, regardless of the total bandwidth used. The absence of large bandwidth non-AP STAs could result in significant portions of AP’s bandwidth being underused, causing a decrease in spectral efficiency. To address this issue, a dynamic subband operation (DSO) mechanism is proposed for allowing an AP to trigger a non-AP STA to switch to a DSO subband by sending an initial control frame (ICF) to the non-AP STA. In response to the ICF, the non-AP STA will switch its operating frequency to a target subband within AP’s operating BW, and then send an initial control response (ICR) back to the AP. In response to the ICR, the AP starts a following data transmission sequence between the AP and the non-AP STA.
[0004] Non-primary channel access (NPCA) is another feature to improve medium utilization. When a non-AP STA listens on a primary channel and the primary channel is occupied by an overlapping basic service set (OBSS) with a network allocation vector (NAV) counter or a transmitted OBSS physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) , the non-AP STA that supports NPCA may switch to a secondary channel (also called NPCA primary channel) . After channel switching, a backoff procedure is conducted to sense and access the secondary channel. Hence, the non-AP STA may use the secondary channel to perform frame exchange. After expiration of the OBSS NAV counter or the end of OBSS PPDU transmission, the non-AP STA switches back to the primary channel.
[0005] With the development of the Wi-Fi technology, new features are introduced to improve stability and efficiency. For example, a dynamic bandwidth expansion (DBE) operation enables an AP to dynamically adjust its operating BW to increase BW utilization when the OBSS activities change. The DBE operation may enable the AP to use an expanded BW when the OBSS interference on the subband is low, and may enable the AP to use a shrunk BW when the OBSS interference on the subband is high. For example, the DBE operation may enable the AP to dynamically switch between BSS BW (i.e., an operating BW of the AP with the DBE mode disabled) and DBE BW (i.e., an operating BW of the AP with the DBE mode enabled) , where the DBE BW is larger than the BSS BW. For another example, the DBE operation may enable the AP to dynamically switch between DBE BW1 (i.e., one operating BW of the AP with the DBE mode enabled) and DBE BW2 (i.e., another operating BW of the AP with the DBE mode enabled) , where DBE BW2 is larger than DBE BW1, and both of DBE BW1 and DBE BW1 are larger than BSS BW. Regarding certain BW-dependent features (e.g., NPCA and DSO) requiring dynamic switching between a secondary band and a primary band, DBE may cause the target band change. Thus, there is a need for an innovative design for properly managing / triggering these BW-dependent features after the DBE operation of the AP is enabled.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] One of the objectives of the claimed invention is to provide a method and apparatus for determining a time instant when a non-access point (non-AP) station (STA) is ready for a bandwidth (BW) dependent operation after dynamic bandwidth expansion (DBE) of an access point (AP) .
[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an exemplary wireless communication method is disclosed. The exemplary wireless communication method includes: enabling a DBE operation of an AP; and after the DBE operation of the AP is enabled, determining a time instant when a first non-AP STA associated to the AP is ready for a BW dependent operation.
[0008] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an exemplary wireless communication method is disclosed. The exemplary wireless communication method includes: in response to a DBE operation of an AP being enabled, performing a preparation operation at a non-AP STA before the non-AP STA associated to the AP is ready for a BW dependent operation; and after the DBE operation of the AP is enabled, notifying the AP when the non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation.
[0009] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an exemplary AP is disclosed. The exemplary AP includes a network interface circuit and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to instruct the network interface circuit to transmit a frame carrying enablement announcement of a DBE operation, and determine a time instant when a non-AP STA associated to the AP is ready for a BW dependent operation after the DBE operation of the AP is enabled.
[0010] These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0012] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication scenario in which a first scheme is employed for notifying an AP of a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a BW dependent operation after a DBE operation of the AP is enabled.
[0013] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication scenario in which a second scheme is employed for determining a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a BW dependent operation after a DBE operation of the AP is enabled.
[0014] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication scenario in which a third scheme is employed for notifying an AP of a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a BW dependent operation after a DBE operation of the AP is enabled.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] Certain terms are used throughout the following description and claims, which refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, electronic equipment manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not in function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to ..." . Also, the term "couple" is intended to mean either an indirect or direct electrical connection. Accordingly, if one device is coupled to another device, that connection may be through a direct electrical connection, or through an indirect electrical connection via other devices and connections.
[0016] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wireless communication system 100 includes a plurality of wireless communication devices. For example, the wireless communication system 100 is a WLAN system such as a Wi-Fi system, including an AP and one or more non-AP STAs associated to the AP. In this embodiment, the wireless communication system 100 may include an AP 102 and multiple non-AP STAs 104, 106, where the non-AP STAs 104, 106 are associated to the same AP 102. The AP 102 may be an Ultra High Reliability (UHR) AP supporting the DBE operation. Each of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 may be a UHR non-AP STA that is aware of the DBE operation of the AP 102. In addition, each of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 may support BW-dependent features (e.g., NPCA and DSO) under a condition that the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled.
[0017] For brevity and simplicity, three wireless communication devices are shown in FIG. 1. In practice, the wireless communication system 100 is allowed to have more than three wireless communication devices, including one AP and more than two non-AP STAs in the same BSS. Alternatively, the wireless communication system 100 is also allowed to have only two wireless communication devices, including one AP and one non-AP STA.
[0018] The AP 102 and the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may have the same or similar circuit structure. As shown in FIG. 1, the AP 102 includes a processor 112, a memory 114, a control circuit 116, and a network interface circuit 117, where the network interface circuit 117 includes a transmit (TX) circuit 118 and a receive (RX) circuit 120. The memory 114 is configured to store a program code. The processor 112 is configured to load and execute the program code to manage operations of the AP 102. The control circuit 116 is configured to control wireless communications with the non-AP STAs 104, 106. For example, the control circuit 116 controls the TX circuit 118 of the network interface circuit 117 to deal with downlink (DL) traffic between AP and non-AP STA, and controls the RX circuit 120 of the network interface circuit 117 to deal with uplink (UL) traffic between AP and non-AP STA. The processor 112 and the control circuit 116 may be implemented using individual circuits or may be integrated in a same circuit, depending upon actual design considerations.
[0019] The non-AP STAs 104 and 106 may have the same or similar circuit structure. For example, the non-AP STA 104 includes a processor 122, a memory 124, a control circuit 126, and a network interface circuit 127, where the network interface circuit 127 includes a TX circuit 128 and an RX circuit 130. The memory 124 is configured to store a program code. The processor 122 is configured to load and execute the program code to manage operations of the non-AP STA 104. The control circuit 126 is configured to control wireless communications with the AP 102. For example, the control circuit 116 controls the TX circuit 118 of the network interface circuit 117 to deal with UL traffic between AP and non-AP STA, and controls the RX circuit 120 of the network interface circuit 117 to deal with DL traffic between AP and non-AP STA. The processor 122 and the control circuit 126 may be implemented using individual circuits or may be integrated in a same circuit, depending upon actual design considerations.
[0020] It should be noted that only components pertinent to the present invention are illustrated in FIG. 1. In practice, the AP 102 may include additional components to achieve designated functions, and / or the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may include additional components to achieve designated functions.
[0021] The AP 102 and the non-AP STAs 104, 106 support the proposed procedures for managing / triggering the BW-dependent operation after the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled. For example, the BW-dependent operation may include DL / UL frame exchange requiring parameter (s) of BW update of the non-AP STA 104 / 106. The BW update may include one or more BW parameters, such as the operation bandwidth, the punctured subchannel bitmaps over the operation bandwidth, and / or the maximum transmission power over the operation bandwidth. For another example, the BW dependent operation may include an NPCA operation requiring an NPCA update of the non-AP STA 104 / 106. The NPCA update may include enablement, disablement, NPCA parameters, and / or NPCA parameter update of the non-AP STA. For yet another example, the BW dependent operation may include a DSO operation requiring a DSO update of the non-AP STA 104 / 106. The DSO update may include enablement, disablement, DSO parameters and / or DSO parameter update of the non-AP STA.
[0022] The control circuit 116 of the AP 102 is configured to instruct the network interface circuit 117 (particularly, TX circuit 118 of network interface circuit 117) to transmit a frame carrying enablement announcement of the DBE operation of the AP 102. In some embodiments of the present invention, the enablement announcement may be executed during the DBE preparation. In some embodiments of the present invention, the enablement announcement may be carried in a beacon frame (labeled by “BCN” ) 142 broadcast from the AP 102. In some embodiments of the present invention, the control circuit 126 of the non-AP STA 104 is configured to instruct the network interface circuit 127 (particularly, TX circuit 128 of network interface circuit 127) to transmit a probe request frame (labeled by “REQ” ) 132, and the enablement announcement may be carried in a probe response frame (labeled by “RSP” ) 144 that is generated by the control circuit 116 of the AP 102 in response to the probe request frame (labeled by “REQ” ) 132 received through the network interface circuit 117 (particularly, RX circuit 120 of network interface circuit 117) and then transmitted to the non-AP STA 104 through network interface circuit 117 (particularly, TX circuit 118 of network interface circuit 117) . The enablement announcement includes information indicative of a time instant (e.g., an upcoming target beacon transmission time (TTBT) ) when the AP 102 intends to enable the DBE operation to switch its operating BW from a current BW setting to a different BW setting.
[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one parameter of the BW-dependent operation (e.g., BW / NPCA / DSO update) is also announced by the AP 102, and takes effect at the same time instant when the DBE operation is effective. For example, parameter (s) of the BW / NPCA / DSO update may also be announced in the same frame (e.g., beacon frame 142 or probe response frame 144) carrying the enablement announcement of the DBE operation. In some embodiments of the present invention, the NPCA parameter (s) announced by the AP 102 may include the NPCA primary channel on the DBE BW. In some embodiments of the present invention, the DSO parameter (s) announced by the AP 102 may include the DSO subband on the DBE BW.
[0024] The control circuit 116 of the AP 102 is configured to enable the DBE operation at the time instant (e.g., upcoming TTBT) indicated by the enablement announcement. After the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled, the control circuit 116 of the AP 102 is configured to determine a time instant when the non-AP STA 104 / 106 associated to the AP 102 is ready for the BW-dependent operation. Specifically, AP’s DBE operation may have impact (e.g., target band change) on the BW-dependent operation between AP 102 and non-AP STA 104 / 106. Hence, before triggering the BW-dependent operation, the AP 102 needs to know when the non-AP STA 104 is ready for the BW-dependent operation after AP’s operating BW changes due to the DBE operation. In other words, after the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled, the AP 102 does not enable / trigger the BW-dependent operation until the non-AP STA 104 is ready for the BW-dependent operation, thereby ensuring the performance of the post-DBE BW-dependent operation.
[0025] In accordance with a first scheme of determining a time instant when a non-AP STA (e.g., non-AP STA 104) is ready for a post-DBE BW-dependent operation, the control circuit 126 of the non-AP STA 104 is configured to generate a frame (labeled by “IND” ) 134, and instruct the network interface circuit 127 (particularly, TX circuit 128 of network interface circuit 127) to transmit the frame 134 to the AP 102. The control circuit 116 of the AP 102 is configured to receive the frame 134 through the network interface circuit 117 (particularly, RX circuit 120 of network interface circuit 117) , generate a frame (labeled by “ACK” ) 146 in response to the frame 134, and instruct the network interface circuit 117 (particularly, TX circuit 118 of network interface circuit 117) to transmit the frame 146 to the non-AP STA 104. The frame 134 transmitted from the non-AP STA 104 to the AP 102 carries information indicating that the non-AP STA 104 is to enable the BW-dependent operation after the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled. The frame 146 transmitted from the AP 102 to the non-AP STA 104 is an acknowledgement (ACK) frame confirming successful receipt of the frame 134.
[0026] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication scenario in which the first scheme is employed for notifying an AP of a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a BW-dependent operation after a DBE operation of the AP is enabled. For example, the AP 102 shown in FIG. 1 may be represented by “AP” in FIG. 2, the non-AP STA 104 may be represented by “STA1” in FIG. 2, and the non-AP STA 106 may be represented by “STA2” in FIG. 2. Assume that the DSO subband or NPCA primary channel is to be updated and announced by the AP 102. At a time instant T1, the AP 102 broadcasts a beacon frame 142_1 carrying enablement announcement of a DBE operation as well as update announcement of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel. In this embodiment, the enablement announcement indicates that the AP 102 intends to enable the DBE operation at a time instant T2 (e.g., an upcoming TBTT at which a beacon frame 142_2 will be broadcast) for switching from the BSS BW (e.g., BSS BW = 40 MHz (BW40) ) to the DBE BW (e.g., DBE BW = 80 MHz (BW80) > BSS BW) . In addition, update of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel becomes effective at the same time instant when the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled.
[0027] At the time instant T2, the AP 102 enables operation with an expanded BW (BW80) that is larger than the BSS BW (BW40) . After the DBE operation of the AP is enabled, the AP 102 may assume that all NPCA / DSO capable non-AP STAs have NPCA / DSO disabled. Since the announced update of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel also becomes effective at the time instant T2, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may need extra time to do a preparation operation, including radio-frequency (RF) calibration for the new DSO subband / NPCA primary channel and / or other internal operation adjustments, which results in a processing delay before the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) .
[0028] At a time instant T3, the non-AP STA 106 transmits a frame 134_1 carrying information indicating that the non-AP STA 106 is to enable the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) . For example, an indicator for indicating that the non-AP STA 106 is to enable the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) may be implemented using a power save (PS) operation indicator (which may be recorded in a power management field) in a medium access control (MAC) header of a frame (e.g., quality of service (QoS) frame, data frame, or management frame) , or may be implemented using other indicator carried in another frame. After receiving the frame 134_1, the AP 102 knows that the non-AP STA 106 is ready for the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) after the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled, and transmits a frame 146_1 to the non-AP STA 106 for confirming successful receipt of the frame 134_1.
[0029] At a time instant T4, the AP 102 broadcasts another beacon frame 142_3 without carrying enablement announcement of a next DBE operation, disablement announcement of the current DBE operation and update announcement of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel. Since the non-AP STA 106 has finished the preparation operation and is available for DL / UL frame exchange now, the AP 102 may initiate DL traffic between the AP 102 and the non-AP STA 106. The non-AP STA 106 transmits a block acknowledgement frame (labeled by “BA” ) 202 to confirm successful receipt of multiple data frames.
[0030] At a time instant T5, the non-AP STA 104 transmits a frame 134_2 carrying information indicating that the non-AP STA 104 is to enable the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) . For example, an indicator for indicating that the non-AP STA 104 is to enable the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) may be implemented using a PS operation indicator (which may be recorded in a power management field) in a MAC header of a frame (e.g., QoS frame, data frame, or management frame) , or may be implemented using other indicator carried in another frame. After receiving the frame 134_2, the AP 102 knows that the non-AP STA 104 is ready for the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) after the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled, and transmits a frame 146_2 to the non-AP STA 106 for confirming successful receipt of the frame 134_2.
[0031] With the aid of frames 134_1 and 134_2, the AP 102 (which operates under the DBE mode) knows when those non-AP STAs 104 and 106 are ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) . In some embodiments of the present invention, the BW dependent operation between the AP 102 (which operates under the DBE mode) and any of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 (which are aware of the DBE operation of the AP 102) may be triggered again after all of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 are ready for the BW-dependent operation.
[0032] In accordance with a second scheme of determining a time instant when a non-AP STA (e.g., non-AP STA 104) is ready for the post-DBE BW-dependent operation, the control circuit 116 of the AP 102 is configured to refer to a pre-defined period to determine the time instant when the non-AP STA 104 is ready for the BW dependent operation. For example, the pre-defined period is announced during association between the AP 102 and the non-AP STA 104. For another example, the pre-defined period is announced by a request (e.g., enablement / disablement request) of the BW dependent operation that is transmitted from the non-AP STA 104 to the AP 102. Specifically, before the time instant when the DBE operation takes effect, the non-AP STA 104 may transmit a frame to the AP 102, where the frame is used to request enablement / disablement of a BW dependent operation, and is further used to notify the AP 102 of the pre-defined period.
[0033] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication scenario in which the second scheme is employed for determining a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a BW dependent operation after a DBE operation of the AP is enabled. For example, the AP 102 shown in FIG. 1 may be represented by “AP” in FIG. 2, the non-AP STA 104 may be represented by “STA1” in FIG. 2, and the non-AP STA 106 may be represented by “STA2” in FIG. 2. Assume that the DSO subband or NPCA primary channel is to be updated and announced by the AP 102. At a time instant T1, the AP 102 broadcasts a beacon frame 142_1 carrying enablement announcement of the DBE operation as well as update announcement of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel. In this embodiment, the enablement announcement indicates that the AP 102 intends to enable the DBE operation at a time instant T2 (e.g., an upcoming TBTT at which a beacon frame 142_2 will be broadcast) for switching from the BSS BW (e.g., BSS BW = 40 MHz (BW40) ) to the DBE BW (e.g., DBE BW = 80 MHz (BW80) > BSS BW) . In addition, update of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel takes effect at the same time instant when the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled.
[0034] At the time instant T2, the AP 102 enables operation with an expanded BW (BW80) that is larger than the BSS BW (BW40) . After the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled, the AP 102 may assume that all NPCA / DSO capable non-AP STAs have NPCA / DSO disabled. Since the announced update of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel also becomes effective at the time instant T2, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may need extra time to do a preparation operation, including RF calibration for the new DSO subband / NPCA primary channel and / or other internal operation adjustments, which results in a processing delay before the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is ready for a BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) . The AP 102 can refer to a pre-defined period P1 (which is announced by non-AP STA 106 in advance) to directly determine that the non-AP STA 106 is ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) at a time instant T3, and can also refer to a pre-defined period P2 (which is announced by non-AP STA 104 in advance) to directly determine that the non-AP STA 104 is ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) at a time instant T5.
[0035] At a time instant T4, the AP 102 broadcasts another beacon frame 142_3 without carrying enablement announcement of a next DBE operation, disablement announcement of the current DBE operation, and update announcement of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel. Since the non-AP STA 106 has finished the preparation operation and is available for DL / UL frame exchange now, the AP 102 may initiate DL traffic between the AP 102 and the non-AP STA 106. The non-AP STA 106 transmits a block acknowledgement frame (labeled by “BA” ) 202 to confirm successful receipt of multiple data frames.
[0036] With the aid of pre-defined periods P1 and P2, the AP 102 (which operates under the DBE mode) knows when those non-AP STAs 104 and 106 are ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) . In some embodiments of the present invention, the BW dependent operation between the AP 102 (which operates under the DBE mode) and any of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 (which are aware of the DBE operation of the AP 102) may be triggered again after all of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 are ready for the BW-dependent operation.
[0037] In accordance with a third scheme of determining a time instant when a non-AP STA (e.g., non-AP STA 104) is ready for the post-DBE BW-dependent operation, the control circuit 116 of the AP 102 is configured to generate polling frames (labeled by “POLL” ) 148, and instruct the network interface circuit 117 (particularly, TX circuit 118 of network interface circuit 117) to transmit the polling frames 148 to the non-AP STAs 104, 106 to know if they are ready for the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) after the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled. The polling frame 148 can be a unicast frame sent to a single non-AP STA only. To save complexity, the polling frame 148 can be a multicast frame sent to multiple non-AP STAs of a same group, or can be a broadcast frame sent to all non-AP STAs. In a case where a polling frame is multicast to the non-AP STAs 104 and 106, the polling frame can be transmitted using a multi-user (MU) PPDU for multiple users. When any of the non-AP STAs 104 and 106 is ready for the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) , it responds with a response frame (labeled by “RSP” ) 136 that is generated in response to the most recently received polling frame, where the response frame 136 transmitted from the non-AP STA 104 / 106 to the AP 102 carries information indicating that the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is to enable the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) .
[0038] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication scenario in which the third scheme is employed for notifying an AP of a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a BW dependent operation after a DBE operation of the AP is enabled. For example, the AP 102 shown in FIG. 1 may be represented by “AP” in FIG. 2, the non-AP STA 104 may be represented by “STA1” in FIG. 2, and the non-AP STA 106 may be represented by “STA2” in FIG. 2. Assume that the DSO subband or NPCA primary channel is to be updated and announced by the AP 102. At a time instant T1, the AP 102 broadcasts a beacon frame 142_1 carrying enablement announcement of the DBE operation as well as update announcement of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel. In this embodiment, the enablement announcement indicates that the AP 102 intends to enable the DBE operation at a time instant T2 (e.g., an upcoming TBTT at which a beacon frame 142_2 will be broadcast) for switching from the BSS BW (e.g., BSS BW = 40 MHz (BW40) ) to the DBE BW (e.g., DBE BW = 80 MHz (BW80) > BSS BW) . In addition, update of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel becomes effective at the same time instant when the DBE operation is enabled.
[0039] At the time instant T2, the AP 102 enables operation with an expanded BW (BW80) that is larger than the BSS BW (BW40) . After the DBE operation of the AP is enabled, the AP 102 may assume that all NPCA / DSO capable non-AP STAs have NPCA / DSO disabled. Since the announced update of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel also becomes effective at the time instant T2, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may need extra time to do a preparation operation, including RF calibration for the new DSO subband / NPCA primary channel and / or other internal operation adjustments, which results in a processing delay before the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is ready for a BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) .
[0040] The AP 102 may unicast / multicast / broadcast polling frames 148_1, 148_2, 148_3, 148_4, 148_5, 148_6 to the non-AP STAs 104 and 106. The non-AP STA 106 is ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) when polled by the polling frame 148_2. At a time instant T3, the non-AP STA 106 transmits a response frame 136_1 carrying information indicating that the non-AP STA 106 is to enable the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) , where the response frame 136_1 is generated in response to the most recently received polling frame 148_2.
[0041] At a time instant T4, the AP 102 broadcasts another beacon frame 142_3 without carrying enablement announcement of a next DBE operation, disablement announcement of the current DBE operation and update announcement of the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel. Since the non-AP STA 106 has finished the preparation operation and is available for DL / UL frame exchange now, the AP 102 may initiate DL traffic between the AP 102 and the non-AP STA 106. The non-AP STA 106 transmits a block acknowledgement frame (labeled by “BA” ) 202 to confirm successful receipt of multiple data frames.
[0042] The non-AP STA 104 is ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) when polled by the polling frame 148_6. At a time instant T5, the non-AP STA 104 transmits a response frame 136_2 carrying information indicating that the non-AP STA 104 is to enable the BW dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) , where the response frame 136_2 is generated in response to the most recently received polling frame 148_6.
[0043] With the aid of polling frames 148_2, 148_6 and corresponding response frames 136_1, 136_2, the AP 102 (which operates under the DBE mode) knows when those non-AP STAs 104 and 106 are ready for the BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) . In some embodiments of the present invention, the BW dependent operation between the AP 102 (which operates under the DBE mode) and any of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 (which are aware of the DBE operation of the AP 102) may be triggered again after all of the non-AP STAs 104, 106 are ready for the BW-dependent operation.
[0044] Before the post-DBE BW-dependent operation (e.g., NPCA / DSO operation) between the non-AP STA 104 / 106 and the AP 102 (which operates under the DBE mode) can be triggered, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 needs to perform the preparation operation, including RF calibration for the new DSO subband / NPCA primary channel and / or other internal operation adjustment. Taking NPCA for example, the AP / Non-AP STA may expand its operating BW, or the AP may allow the non-AP STA to perform NPCA out of its current operating BW. In some embodiments of the present invention, the AP 102 may also announce a service-out period when the DBE operation of the AP 102 becomes effective. During the service-out period of the AP 102, the AP 102 may not be able to perform TX / RX operations due to internal calibration and / or other operation parameter adjustment. For example, the DBE operation of the AP 102 may become effective at a certain TBTT, and the AP 102 may stop TX / RX traffic during the service-out period starting from an end of transmission of a beacon frame. After the service-out period is expired, the TX / RX service of the AP 102 is resumed.
[0045] Consider a case where non-AP STAs associated to the AP 102 include one or more specific non-AP STAs that are not aware of the DBE operation of the AP 102, the AP 102 may need to silence these specific non-AP STAs during the service-out period. For example, the AP 102 may transmit a CTS-to-self frame to block the channel. For another example, the AP 102 may transmit a frame (e.g., a beacon frame or a probe response frame) carrying a quiet element which is set to announce the service-out period. However, these are for illustrative purposes only, and are not meant to be limitations of the present invention.
[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the AP 102 may be a UHR AP supporting the DBE operation, and a UHR non-AP STA associated to the AP 102 may be categorized into one of a DBE supported UHR non-AP STA, a DBE + NPCA (DSO) supported UHR non-AP STA, an NPCA (DSO) supported only UHR non-AP STA, a DBE aware UHR non-AP STA, or a legacy non-AP STA (or UHR non-AP STA (not DBE, NPCA, DSO capable) ) . The DBE supported UHR non-AP STA will follow AP’s operating BW when the DBE operation of the AP is enabled. The DBE + NPCA (DSO) supported UHR non-AP STA can enable / disable NPCA / DSO under a condition that the DBE operation of the AP is enabled. For example, the DBE + NPCA (DSO) supported UHR non-AP STA may send a frame to the AP, where the frame carries a request for enabling / disabling NPCA / DSO under a condition that the AP operates in the DBE mode. For another example, the DBE + NPCA (DSO) supported UHR non-AP STA may be able to support and enable NPCA (DSO) on a DBE bandwidth when AP operates on the DBE bandwidth and enables NPCA (DSO) . It should be noted that NPCA / DSO enablement / disablement signaling for a case where the AP operates under the DBE BW (which is larger than the BSS BW) and NPCA / DSO enablement / disablement signaling for a case where the AP operates under the BSS BW may be separate.
[0047] The NPCA (DSO) supported only UHR non-AP STA is incapable of enabling / disabling NPCA / DSO under a condition that the DBE operation of the AP is enabled. If the DSO subband / NPCA primary channel changes as AP’s DBE operation becomes effective, the AP may disable NPCA / DSO for non-AP STAs each being the NPCA (DSO) supported only UHR non-AP STA. The AP may continue to perform NPCA / DSO with other non-AP STAs each being the DBE + NPCA (DSO) supported UHR non-AP STA. To reduce the complexity of categorizing non-AP STAs, the AP may reject any NPCA (DSO) supported only UHR non-AP STA to associate. In other words, none of the non-AP STAs successfully associated to the AP is the NPCA (DSO) supported only UHR non-AP STA.
[0048] The DBE aware UHR non-AP STA is a non-AP STA that is aware of the DBE operation of the AP, but cannot change it operating BW to follow AP’s operating BW. In some embodiments of the present invention, it may be mandatory that all UHR non-AP STAs are DBE aware UHR non-AP STAs.
[0049] The legacy non-AP STA (or UHR non-AP STA (not DBE, NPCA, DSO capable) ) keeps operating at the lowest BW option (e.g., BSS BW) among all BW options defined for the DBE mode. If the legacy non-AP STA (or UHR non-AP STA (not DBE, NPCA, DSO capable) ) is associated to the AP operating at a higher BW set by the DBE operation, the legacy non-AP STA (or UHR non-AP STA (not DBE, NPCA, DSO capable) ) still regards the AP as operating at the BSS BW. AP’s operating BW capability indication for DBE incapable non-AP STAs and AP’s operating BW capability indication for DBE capable non-AP STAs may be separate. That is, the legacy non-AP STA (or UHR non-AP STA (not DBE, NPCA, DSO capable) ) only knows AP’s BSS BW capability through legacy indication of BSS BW capability.
[0050] The DBE mode of the AP 102 may define several BW options to operate and to switch among them. In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of BW options is constrained for complexity reduction. For example, the DBE operation is limited to only two BW options (e.g., BSS BW (BW40) and DBE BW (BW80) ) that are selectable at the AP 102. The AP 102 may announce these two BW options in the beacon frame 142 or the probe response frame 144, thus allowing the non-AP STAs 104 and 106 to do partial calibration in advance for minimizing the period waiting for the normal operation (i.e., the aforementioned processing delay resulting from the preparation operation) .
[0051] During association between the AP 102 and the non-AP STA 104 / 106, the AP 102 may receive capability information of the non-AP STA 104 / 106, indicating that the non-AP STA 104 / 106 will follow an operating BW of the AP 102 that is set by the DBE operation. For example, when the AP 102 enables the DBE operation for making its operating BW switched from BSS BW (BW40) to DBE BW (BW80) , the non-AP STA 104 / 106 also updates its operating BW to BW80 once the AP’s 80MHz operating BW is effective. For example, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may use an operating mode indication (OMI) procedure to update its operating BW before or after the AP’s operating BW change. Since the BW update capability of the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is indicated during the association between the AP 102 and the non-AP STA 104 / 106, complexity reduction can be achieved due to no additional signaling from the non-AP STA 104 / 106 to the AP 102 for the BW update.
[0052] During association between the AP 102 and the non-AP STA 104 / 106, the AP 102 may receive capability information of the non-AP STA 104 / 106, indicating that the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is able to perform a bandwidth dependent operation on a DBE bandwidth when AP 102 operates on the DBE bandwidth and enables the bandwidth dependent operation. For example, when the AP 102 operates on a DBE bandwidth (e.g., BW160 or BW320) and enables the NPCA operation, if the non-AP STA enables the NPCA operation, the non-AP STA is able to perform the NPCA operation on the DBE bandwidth. For another example, when the AP 102 operates on a DBE bandwidth (e.g., BW160 or BW320) and enables the DSO operation, if the non-AP STA enables the DSO operation, the non-AP STA is able to perform the DSO operation on the DBE bandwidth.
[0053] In summary, an AP-side procedure for managing / triggering an NPCA / DSO operation between an AP and DBE / NPCA (DSO) capable non-AP STAs may include following steps. First, the AP 102 announces in a frame when the DBE operation will become effective, i.e., the AP 102 intends to enable the DBE operation at a certain time instant (e.g., an upcoming TBTT) . Update of NPCA primary channel / DSO subband (or indication indicating that NPCA primary channel / DSO subband remained unchanged as default or as previous announcement) may also be announced in the same frame concurrently. Update / indication of NPCA primary channel / DSO subband also takes effect at the same time instant when the DBE operation becomes effective. Second, the AP 102 performs / enables the DBE operation with update of NPCA primary channel / DSO subband if the update has been announced. The AP 102 continues to enable NPCA / DSO with corresponding parameter change (if any) after DBE of the AP 102 takes effect. Before the AP 102 enables NPCA / DSO, the AP 102 can use one of the proposed schemes for determining a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a post-DBE BW-dependent operation. Third, the AP 102 performs NPCA / DSO with the non-AP STA.
[0054] In above embodiments, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is aware of the DBE operation of the AP 102 and is capable of enabling NPCA / DSO under a condition that the DBE operation of the AP is enabled. However, the proposed scheme of determining a time instant when a non-AP STA is ready for a BW-dependent operation may be applied to cases where the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is aware of the DBE operation of the AP 102 but is not capable of enabling NPCA / DSO under a condition that the DBE operation of the AP is enabled (or disables NPCA / DSO under a condition that the DBE operation of the AP is enabled) . For example, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may need to update its operating BW as AP’s operating BW changes due to DBE of the AP 102, and the BW-dependent operation may be a DL / UL frame exchange that requires a BW update. For the expansion case, the non-AP STA 104 / 106 may expand its operating BW to be equal to or smaller than AP’s operating bandwidth (but larger than STA’s original operating BW) . Such a BW update process may also need a time period to calibrate RF parameters to ensure the DL / UL frame exchange’s performance. Hence, the AP 102 needs to know a time instant when the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is ready for a BW-dependent operation (e.g., DL / UL frame exchange that requires a BW update of the non-AP STA 104 / 106) . Thus, any of the first scheme (e.g., the notice-based scheme illustrated in FIG. 2) , the second scheme (e.g., the time-out based scheme illustrated in FIG. 3) and the third scheme (e.g., AP polling based scheme illustrated in FIG. 4) can be employed to enable the AP 102 to determine a time instant when the non-AP STA 104 / 106 is ready for a BW-dependent operation (e.g., DL / UL frame exchange that requires a BW update of non-AP STA 104 / 106) after the DBE operation of the AP 102 is enabled. To put it simply, the proposed scheme can be applied to a case where a BW-dependent operation requires parameter (s) of BW update (e.g., BW expansion, BW shrinkage, punctured subchannel bitmap, and / or the maximum transmission power over the BW) only, a case where a BW-dependent operation requires a NPCA / DSO update (e.g., enablement / disablement / parameter change) without parameter (s) of BW update (e.g., BW expansion, BW shrinkage, punctured subchannel bitmap, and / or the maximum transmission power over the BW) , and a case where a BW-dependent operation requires parameter (s) of BW update (e.g., BW expansion, BW shrinkage, punctured subchannel bitmap, and / or the maximum transmission power over the BW) and a NPCA / DSO update (e.g., enablement / disablement / parameter change) .
[0055] The foregoing outlines the features of several embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to fully appreciate the aspects of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the present disclosure provides a foundation for designing or modifying other processes and structures to achieve substantially the same functions and / or substantially the same results as those of the embodiments introduced herein. Furthermore, such equivalent arrangements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and various changes, substitutions, and alterations may be made without so departing.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method comprising:enabling a dynamic bandwidth expansion (DBE) operation of an access point (AP) ; andafter the DBE operation of the AP is enabled, determining a time instant when a first non-AP station (STA) associated to the AP is ready for a bandwidth (BW) dependent operation.2.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein determining the time instant when the first non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation comprises:receiving a first frame transmitted from the first non-AP STA, wherein the first frame carries information indicating that the first non-AP STA is to enable the BW dependent operation.3.The wireless communication method of claim 2, wherein determining the time instant when the first non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation further comprises:transmitting a second frame to the first non-AP STA, wherein the first frame is generated in response to the second frame.4.The wireless communication method of claim 3, wherein the second frame is a polling frame.5.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein determining the time instant when the first non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation comprises:referring to a pre-defined period to determine the time instant when the first non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation.6.The wireless communication method of claim 5, wherein the pre-defined period is announced during association between the AP and the first non-AP STA.7.The wireless communication method of claim 5, wherein the pre-defined period is announced by a request of the BW dependent operation that is transmitted from the first non-AP STA to the AP.8.The wireless communication method of claim 1, further comprising:in response to the DBE operation of the AP being enabled, announcing a service-out period of the AP.9.The wireless communication method of claim 8, further comprising:during the service-out period of the AP, silencing a second non-AP STA not aware of the DBE operation of the AP.10.The wireless communication method of claim 1, further comprising:announcing at least one parameter of the BW dependent operation.11.The wireless communication method of claim 1, further comprising:during association between the AP and the first non-AP STA, receiving capability information of the first non-AP STA, indicating that the first non-AP STA is capable of performing the BW dependent operation on a DBE bandwidth after the DBE operation of the AP is enabled.12.The wireless communication method of claim 1, further comprising:announcing a time instant when the AP intends to enable the DBE operation; andafter the DBE operation of the AP is enabled and the first non-AP STA is enabled for the BW dependent operation, performing the BW dependent operation with the first non-AP STA.13.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the BW dependent operation requires at least one parameter of BW update of the first non-AP STA.14.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the BW dependent operation requires a non-primary channel access (NPCA) update of the first non-AP STA.15.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the BW dependent operation requires a dynamic subband operation (DSO) update of the first non-AP STA.16.A wireless communication method comprising:in response to a dynamic bandwidth expansion (DBE) operation of an access point (AP) being enabled, performing an operation at a non-AP station (STA) before the non-AP STA associated to the AP is ready for a bandwidth (BW) dependent operation; andafter the DBE operation of the AP is enabled, notifying the AP when the non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation.17.The wireless communication method of claim 16, wherein notifying the AP when the non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation comprises:transmitting a first frame to the AP, wherein the first frame carries information indicating that the non-AP STA is to enable the BW dependent operation.18.The wireless communication method of claim 17, wherein notifying the AP when the non-AP STA is ready for the BW dependent operation further comprises:receiving a second frame from the AP, wherein the first frame is generated in response to the second frame.19.The wireless communication method of claim 18, wherein the second frame is a polling frame.20.An access point (AP) comprising:a network interface circuit; anda control circuit, configured to instruct the network interface circuit to transmit a frame carrying enablement announcement of a dynamic bandwidth expansion (DBE) operation, and determine a time instant when a non-AP station (STA) associated to the AP is ready for a bandwidth (BW) dependent operation after the DBE operation of the AP is enabled.