Cell material mixtures
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images
Figure EP2025052976_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] LUPM1432321
[0002] Pulp mixtures
[0003] The present invention relates to a cellulose mixture and a resource-saving process for its production.
[0004] Pulp mixtures and processes for their production are known in the prior art. For example, WO 2014 / 059113 A1 describes a process for processing biomass.
[0005] In recent years, however, the demand for higher-quality pulp blends that simultaneously consume fewer natural resources has increased enormously. Furthermore, the demand has also risen for pulp blends whose production significantly reduces CO₂ emissions, water consumption, and the use of fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides.
[0006] To achieve the climate targets of the German Federal Government and the international community, decarbonization of all economic sectors is urgently needed. With a share of approximately 22% of German greenhouse gas emissions in recent years, the industrial sector plays a crucial role. Analysis of sectoral emissions has shown that the paper industry emits the third-highest amount of CO₂ of all economic sectors and causes enormous water consumption both in the production of raw materials and within the fiber and paper production processes themselves.
[0007] In the past, wood was primarily used for pulp production, mostly in the form of plantations and monocultures, and with the use of herbicides and pesticides. Furthermore, it takes an average of 40 to 60 years after logging for forest areas to make a comparable contribution to CO₂ storage as before logging. During this period, these areas and soils are exposed to direct sunlight due to the lack of protective tree canopies, leading to further drying, degradation, and increased soil erosion. For these and other reasons, forests should no longer be used for pulp production in the future, but rather as a natural CO₂ sink and air conditioner for the world. Therefore, LUPM1432321 was developed.
[0008] Considering the general importance of forest areas for CO₂ reduction and storage, as well as erosion control, water storage and cooling effect, alternatives to wood have recently been increasingly sought and tested.
[0009] In this context, IN 202041038570 A describes the use of coconut products for pulp production. The advantage of this invention is that coconut waste is used instead of wood to produce high-quality pulp. However, coconut cultivation is simply not a realistic alternative to wood pulp, even from a purely quantitative standpoint. The global demand cannot be nearly met by coconut shells.
[0010] Besides the environmental, CO₂, and water-related problems, the main disadvantage of the materials used in the prior art lies in their lignin content. Lignin interferes with the production of pulp, especially papermaking, and must be removed in a complex process before further processing. This is very energy- and water-intensive and is only feasible through the use of additional chemicals. For example, WO 2013 / 066196 A1 and US 2012 / 116063 A1 describe technologies for removing lignin from wood-based pulp mixtures.
[0011] Furthermore, with the use of alternative plant materials, the ethical question of whether it is justifiable to use plant material, which can be used directly as food or indirectly as animal feed, for pulp production has increasingly come into focus.
[0012] An alternative in this context is the use of straw. However, the use of straw has the disadvantage that its composition can vary greatly. Furthermore, straw needs to be spread on the soil. If this application of straw is omitted, it leads over time to a gradual depletion of the humus content of the soil.
[0013] CN 102677530 A describes a process for producing paper from straw. The major disadvantage of this technology is that it removes the straw from the natural cycle in the field, thus depriving the field of important natural nutrients. LUPM1432321
[0014] Normally, straw is worked directly into the soil or indirectly, after being used as bedding in stables and later as fertilizer, returned to the fields to replenish the soil with natural nutrients and build humus. If this is not the case, because the straw is processed into paper and the paper is not spread on the fields, the nutrient input must be compensated for in another way, usually through synthetic fertilizers. Synthetic fertilizers are mostly produced from natural gas; this fact negates or even worsens all the ecological benefits described. WO 2023 / 101986 A1 concerns compositions and products derived from Arundo grass plants and methods for their production. US 2022 / 0304252 A1 concerns various embodiments for controlled environment agriculture using a vertically stacked, multi-level system.DE 699 11 653 T2 relates to the separation and recovery of components from plants, wherein the material is at least partially digested into fibers and subsequently separated into a fiber fraction and a plant sap stream. US 2003 / 0019594 A1 relates to composite panels and technical products made from Arundo donax (a type of grass), as well as pulp and paper produced from Arundo donax. WO 2016 / 138 075 A1 relates to a method and system for hydroponics, comprising a hydroponic growing zone, a variety of plants, and a nutrient supply system for delivering a nutrient solution to the variety of plants.
[0015] The object of the present invention is therefore to solve this problem and to provide a resource-saving, high-quality pulp mixture.
[0016] This problem is solved by the features of claim 1.
[0017] The present task solves the described problem by providing a pulp mixture obtainable through a process comprising the following steps: cultivation of plant material in at least one growing container, automated harvesting of the plant material adapted to the desired application, cutting of the plant material, homogenization of the cut plant material, and processing of the pulp mixture. A pre-cut and / or calibration cut is performed prior to the harvest cut with the target LUPM1432321.
[0018] To increase fiber uniformity and ensure harvesting stalks of uniform length, a calibration cut is performed prior to the harvest cut. This calibration cut aims to trim any potentially differing lengths at the tips of the stalks to the same height. Only then is the harvest cut made at the selected length. Furthermore, cultivation takes place under permanent and / or temporary artificial lighting in 2 to 100, preferably 10 to 80, particularly preferably 20 to 60, and most preferably 40 to 50 parallel layers. Each harvest cut is preceded by a pre-cut and / or calibration cut. Depending on the intended use, the biomass is then subjected to mechanical and / or thermal drying, and the substances recovered from the biomass, such as water and / or nutrients, are returned to the new growth process.The invention is characterized in that the residual moisture in the cellulose mixture has a value of 0.01% to 10%, preferably 0.05% to 1.5%, particularly preferably 0.1% to 2.5%, in a particularly preferably manner 0.5% to 5%, and in a most particularly preferably manner 8%.
[0019] The residual moisture content of the pulp mixture is crucial for its shelf life. In particular, excessive residual moisture can lead to mold growth, rendering the mixture unusable. A pulp mixture that is too moist can heat up due to microbial activity and, in the worst case, spontaneously combust. Furthermore, minimizing the residual moisture content maximizes the efficiency of the recovered materials.
[0020] The present invention thus offers a surprising and very effective solution to the problem described above and is additionally not location-dependent and therefore implementable worldwide, which enables production at the place of need and thus shortens transport routes and possibly prevents import dependencies across national borders.
[0021] By using the present invention starting plants that are permanently and / or temporarily illuminated with artificial light, i.e., for 20 to 24 hours per day, five to seven days per week, and furthermore adjusting the temperature, humidity and nutrient supply to the optimal growth needs of the LUPM1432321
[0022] Since biomass can be adapted, and this is done in several parallel layers on top of each other in the greenhouse, a surprising, particularly fast and continuous growth with consistent quality is achieved compared to open field cultivation, which in turn meets industrial needs and facilitates further processing of the pulp and makes downstream processes more efficient.
[0023] Within the scope of the present invention, the growing container forms a self-contained system characterized by the ability to regulate the advantageous composition of the supply and exhaust air with respect to the growth requirements of the biomass. Parameters such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, and CO₂ content in the air surrounding the biomass can be measured, monitored, and controlled. Furthermore, in addition to the CO₂ content already present at the location, the supply air can be enriched with CO₂, for example, from industrial CO₂ capture systems, according to the optimal conditions for the growth and growth phase of the biomass. CO₂, in combination with light and plant photosynthesis, acts as a natural fertilizer and is absorbed and stored by the biomass or converted into other usable carbon compounds such as glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆).Thus, the production process of the pulp mixture can be actively used to remove CO₂ from the atmosphere and / or to directly capture CO₂ from CO₂-intensive production processes such as the manufacture of cement or steel. Furthermore, the concept of a closed system allows for the recovery of more than 90% of the water used for growth and its return to the next growth phase of the biomass. In open fields, this water evaporates unused, and the steadily increasing water content in the air due to global warming has an equally negative impact on global warming as CO₂ itself. Therefore, reducing the water content in the air must be a priority.
[0024] Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims. LUPM1432321
[0025] It is advantageous if the plant material is obtained from the group of flowering plants (Angiospermae), especially preferably from the order Poales, and particularly from the family Poaceae.
[0026] It is advantageous if the plant material is obtained from the group of plants comprising the species Achnatherum hymenoides, Aegilops squarrosa, Agropyron cristatum, Agropyron dasystachyum, Agropyron repens, Agropyron smithii, Agropyron subsecundum, Agropyron trichophorum, Agrostis alba, Agrostis gigantea, Agrostis palustris, Agrostis scabra, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis tenuis, Andropogon gerardii, Andropogon scoparius, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Aristida stricta, Arrhenatherum elatius, Arundinaria gigantea, Arundo donax, Avena sativa, Bouteloua curtipendula, Bouteloua gracilis, Bouteloua hirsuta, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromus inermis, Bromus pumpellianus, Bromus tectorum, Calamagrostis canadensis, Calamagrostis epigejos, Calamagrostis inexpansa, Calamagrostis rubescens, Calamagrostis villosa, Cenchrus longispinus, Chasmanthium latifolium, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Cornucopiae cucullatum, Aegilops squarrosa, Cortaderia selloana,Ctenium aromaticum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cynodon dactylon, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia intermedia, Danthonia parryi, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Digitaria decumbens, Digitaria ischaemum, Distichlis spicata, Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crus-galli, Ehrharta erecta, Elymus cinereus, Elymus elymoides, Elymus innovatus, Elymus junceus, Elymus mollis, Elymus virginicus, Elytrigia atherica, Eragrostis curvula, Festuca arundinacea, Festuca gigantea, Festuca halleri, Festuca idahoensis, Festuca ovina, Festuca pratensis, Festuca puccinellii, Festuca rubra, Festuca scabrella, Festuca scabriculmis, Festuca sylvatica, Helictotrichon pratense, Hilaria jamesii, Hilaria rigida, Holcus lanatus, Hordeum vulgare, Imperata cylindrica, Koeleria cristata, Lolium perenne, Lolium rigidum, Lycurus phleoides, Manisuris rugosa, Melica uniflora, Melinis minutiflora, Miscanthus sinensis, Molinia caerulea, Muhlenbergia richardsonis, Nardus stricta, Oryza sativa, Oryzopsis asperifolia,Panicum amarum, Panicum commutatum, Panicum maximum, Panicum obtusum, Panicum repens, Panicum texanum, Panicum virgatum, Paspalum dilatatum, Paspalum urvillei, Paspalum vaginatum, Paspalum wettsteinii, Pennisetum clandestinum, Pennisetum purpureum, Phalaris arundinacea, Phalaris tuberosa, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis,LUPM1432321,
[0027] Phragmites communis, Pleioblastus chino, Poa chaixii, Poa compressa, Poa pratensis, Poa secunda, Puccinellia maritima, Puccinellia phryganodes, Saccharum officinarum, Sasa nipponica, Secale cereale, Setaria geniculata, Setaria italica, Setaria magna, Setaria sphacelata, Sorghastrum nutans, Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum halepense, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina anglica, Spartina cynosuroides, Spartina patens, Sporobolus cryptandrus, Stipa comata, Stipa richardsonii, Stipa spartea, Stipa viridula, Trichachne californica, Tripsacum dactyloides, Triticosecale spp., Triticum aestivum, Triticum boeoticum, Triticum dicoccoides, Triticum percicumx, Uniola paniculata, Zea mays, Zizania aquatica, Zoysia japonica.
[0028] Unter all diesen Sorten werden die folgenden Miscantus-artigen Sorten, nämts Pennisectumartigen Sorten und Zea-artigen Sorten preferred.
[0029] For the purposes of the present invention, Poaceae fibers mean fibers from plants belonging to the group of flowering plants (angiosperms), from the order Poales, from the family Poaceae. These can be, for example, fibers from one of the different varieties listed above.
[0030] Furthermore, it is advantageous if substances bound in the plant material are recovered.
[0031] It has proven particularly advantageous if the recovered substances are water and / or nutrients and / or secondary substances.
[0032] Furthermore, an advantageous design is envisioned in which, in addition to water, further secondary substances such as proteins or phosphates can be recovered by a suitable process, e.g., by rolling or pressing the biomass. These substances are necessary for the optimal growth of the biomass and do not need to be compensated for by the addition of natural or artificial fertilizers, since in a first alternative use, the cellulose mixture itself, and thus mainly its carbon compound, is of use as the main fiber component.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the biomass is pressed between rollers or the water and nutrients are forced out of the plant's cell membranes by centrifugal force. In a further LUPM1432321
[0034] A further process step can involve thermal drying, whereby the water from the air can be additionally removed by a suitable method such as condensation, resulting in only technically dry air being discharged from the greenhouse. This air is also enriched with oxygen produced by photosynthesis, thus further improving the atmospheric quality.
[0035] It is advantageous if the condition of the plant material is assessed in at least one growth characteristic.
[0036] It is particularly advantageous if the growth characteristic is the length and / or weight of the plant fiber and / or the lignin content and / or the nutrient content and / or the starch of the plant fiber. It is also advantageous to harvest the biomass at a time that is most beneficial for its further use and intended purpose. With regard to the pulp mixture for further use in papermaking, this is the case when the technically required fiber lengths have been achieved.
[0037] The invention is characterized in that the harvest takes place when the biomass has a fiber length of 0.05 mm to 400 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 200 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 100 mm, and most preferably 2 mm to 50 mm.
[0038] At the same time, harvesting—while maintaining a preferred fiber length—ensures that the lignin content in the biomass is kept to a minimum. This allows the invention to produce a lignin-free or low-lignin material. All mixtures available in the prior art contain lignin, which interferes with paper production and must be removed in a complex, energy- and water-intensive process using chemicals. Up to 24 hours of daily artificial light, along with controlled temperature, humidity, and CO₂ levels, results in such a high yield of rapidly and continuously growing plant material that the plants can be harvested at a very young age and in rapid succession. Young grass plants contain no LUPM1432321
[0039] or almost no lignin, especially if harvesting or cutting occurs before the stem begins to form nodes. Lignin is only formed at a later growth stage to increase the plant's rigidity and enable upright growth. In wood, the lignin content can range from 25% to 45% of the dry wood weight, depending on the tree species. Only the remaining part of the tree can then be used for pulp production. Under typical growing conditions for grass, it is not possible to harvest the grass before node formation begins.
[0040] It has proven advantageous to cultivate plants in a Plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL) and / or Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and / or Container farm and / or Greenhouse and / or In-store farm and / or Appliance farm / Smart Garden and / or Vertical Farming type.
[0041] The term Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting (PFAL) refers to a warehouse-like structure with artificial lighting. PFALs often feature thermal insulation and sometimes even controlled environmental factors (CEA).
[0042] Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) refers to the cultivation of plants under the control of all environmental factors; for example, light, temperature, humidity, and CO2 are automatically controlled and adjusted. Advantages of this technique include optimal growing conditions, high production efficiency, high plant quality, and year-round biomass production.
[0043] Container farms utilize containers such as shipping containers and equip them with vertical systems. These farms are mobile and often employ controlled environment agriculture (CA) technology. Such systems are used, for example, in aeroponic systems for cultivating lettuce, berries, herbs, and leafy greens.
[0044] In addition to PFALs (Plant-Based Agricultural Areas) or farms with controlled environmental factors (CEA), greenhouses are also used for vertical cultivation. However, when artificial and natural light are used, low-lying plant stands receive hardly any light.
[0045] Light. This problem can be solved, for example, by vertically rotating planes.
[0046] In-store farms are vertically integrated production units located at the point of consumption. They are equipped with artificial lighting. In such in-store farms, herbs and leafy greens, for example, are grown on-site in supermarkets or restaurants.
[0047] An appliance farm, or smart indoor garden, is a plug-and-play system for the end consumer; a vertical indoor garden often described as smart. The target group for such systems is homes and offices. With minimal effort, the end consumer can hydroponically cultivate and harvest herbs, leafy greens, and small fruiting vegetables at home.
[0048] Vertical farming systems describe the arrangement of plants within a vertically oriented infrastructure. The main system types can be divided into two categories: vertical systems that use only artificial light (PFAL) and systems that use a mixture of sunlight and artificial light.
[0049] By cultivating plants in multiple parallel layers, using artificial lighting, regulating other parameters relevant to biomass growth, and employing a closed system, the consumption of energy and water for heating and irrigating the greenhouse can be significantly reduced. At the same time, different plants can be cultivated and harvested simultaneously in separate layers, either on top of each other or in isolated areas.
[0050] The harvested plant material can also be used as feed for animals, such as cows. Due to the lack of or reduced lignin, this plant material is significantly more digestible for herbivores than conventionally harvested plant material with a higher lignin content. As a result, the animals emit considerably less methane, which is a crucial advantage for the climate balance, since methane has approximately 27 times the potent greenhouse effect of CO₂ itself. LUPM1432321
[0051] Furthermore, the harvested plant material can be fed, transported, and stored directly as fresh feed, preserved as silage, or dried and possibly pressed as dry matter. Silage, in particular, can be used for feeding animals in regions with limited water, as well as for watering animals, thus ensuring food production in water-scarce areas.
[0052] By using a greenhouse, specifically the technique of vertical farming and the fact that it is a stationary, weather-independent and enclosed system, harvesting can be carried out continuously, i.e. 24 / 7, automatically, with consistent quality and specifications.
[0053] It is also advantageous if the plant material is cut by roller, shear, and / or rotary cutting. The harvest cut can be made in a single cut or in several cutting stages or heights. The biomass generated during the pre-cut or calibration cut can be separated from the actual harvest cut by selecting a suitable device and used in a manner described in this invention, e.g., as animal feed.
[0054] After harvesting, the plant material can either be stored directly in its pure form or prepared for transport. Alternatively, it can be mixed with other plant material, for example, with a different fiber length or fiber type from a different plant genus or a different growth stage of the same or a different plant genus. Furthermore, it is planned that, following harvesting, water and / or secondary substances such as nutrients will be extracted from the plant material in a one- or multi-stage process. The aim is to return these substances, in whole or in part, to the cultivation cycle, thus preventing unnecessary water and / or nutrient consumption and fully utilizing the benefits of a closed system. Depending on the desired result or end product specification—whether pulp for papermaking, pulp as wet or dry feed, or pulp as a filler for, e.g.,Building material, cellulose as a permanent CO2 storage medium, e.g. for final storage on the seabed at a depth of at least 2,000m, as LUPM1432321.
[0055] Energy storage for renewable energy sources such as wind, water and solar energy for use in a combined heat and power plant or as pulp for the production of high-purity technical carbon, e.g. for graphene production, the pulp itself can be selectively extracted in one of the previously described process steps.
[0056] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous to homogenize the cut plant material either according to plant genus (one of the genera Poaceae, Cyperaceae, or generally monocotyledons or monocotyledonous plants) and / or according to the desired fiber length, if this is selected from 0.05 mm to 400 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 200 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 100 mm, and most preferably 2 mm to 50 mm. It is particularly advantageous if the subsequent processing of the pulp mixture is carried out such that the biomass is subjected to mechanical and / or thermal drying, depending on the intended use, and the substances recovered from the biomass, such as water and / or nutrients, are returned to the new growth process.
[0057] It has also proven advantageous to provide lighting with light for 20 to 24 hours per day and / or 5 to 7 days per week.
[0058] It is particularly advantageous if the lignin content of the pulp mixture is 0.01 to 50%, preferably 1 to 30%, particularly preferably 3 to 10%, and most preferably 4 to 5%, or if the pulp mixture is lignin-free. This makes the pulp mixture particularly environmentally friendly, CO2-reducing, and digestible for animals, which is why they emit less methane, further enhancing the beneficial climate effect of the invention.
[0059] The problem underlying the invention is also solved by a method for the industrial production of pulp mixtures, which comprises the above-mentioned steps: cultivation of plant material in at least one greenhouse, automated harvesting of the plant material, homogenization of the cut plant material, and processing of the pulp mixture. LUPM1432321
[0060] The invention is characterized in that the cultivation takes place under permanent and / or temporary artificial light in 2 to 100, preferably 10 to 80, particularly preferably 20 to 60, and in a very particularly preferably 40 to 50 parallel layers one above the other.
[0061] The problem underlying the invention is also solved by using the cellulose mixture, obtainable by the above-described process, as wet and / or dry feed and / or as a filler for building materials and / or as a permanent CO2 storage medium and / or for the final storage of CO2 on the seabed and / or as an energy storage medium for renewable energy sources, preferably wind, water and solar energy, and / or for use in a combined heat and power plant and / or for the production of high-purity technical carbon, preferably for graphene production.
[0062] Fig. 1 shows a device for fiber production 1. A substrate carrier 2 serves as a support for the substrate 3 with roots. The plant shown in Fig. 1 is grass 7. Before the actual harvest cut 5, a pre-cut or calibration cut 4 is carried out. Both the harvest cut 5 and the pre-cut or calibration cut 4 are performed to achieve a defined fiber length 6. Additionally, a renewal cut 8 can be carried out if necessary. If required, the pulp mixture can also be used as animal feed 9.
[0063] Example implementation:
[0064] For the process of obtaining a pulp mixture, a vertical farming system is provided, comprising the following: a plant storage frame containing several guide elements that are vertically spaced apart, the plant storage frame having at least one open end to allow access to the storage frame. Furthermore, the system comprises a plurality of plant receiving trays mounted on a corresponding guide element for receiving a plurality of plants, wherein the LUPM1432321
[0065] Plant receiving trays are arranged side by side and essentially in a common plane to define a vertical growing layer, and the plant receiving trays are laterally movable. They extend along the guide elements to and from one of the open ends of the storage frame, the plant receiving trays being connected to each other in such a way that the lateral movement of one plant receiving tray can move the other plant receiving trays in the same direction. The plant receiving trays are arranged laterally and are further separable from one another so that each plant receiving tray can be removed from the storage frame through one of its open ends for maintenance, either independently or simultaneously with the other plant receiving trays.The system features a lighting system that ensures all plants receive sufficient light to create optimal conditions for biomass production. Ideally, lighting is provided 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
[0066] In the illustrated example, plants from the Poaceae group are used.
[0067] Each plant receiving tray includes a base and can be divided into multiple sections and plant containers, each section being dimensioned and shaped to accommodate a corresponding, removable plant container. The system has 45 vertical layers. The residual moisture content of the pulp mixture is 8%.
[0068] Furthermore, the system comprises at least one plant care unit, a plant receiving tray, and a displacement assembly located near the plant storage frame to selectively move at least one of the plant receiving trays from or within the plant storage frame to or under one of the at least one care unit. This allows the user or the system itself to care for the plants contained within one of the plant receiving trays and from the at least one care unit to the plant storage frame, in order to maintain the at least one of the LUPM1432321
[0069] The plant care unit is designed to supply plants to receiving trays for storage in a suitable vertical growing layer. Additionally, it can include an irrigation / nutrient supply unit for watering and supplying the plants in the receiving tray, a lighting unit, a monitoring unit, and a measuring / sensor unit.
[0070] Due to continuous and intensive lighting, irrigation, and optimal nutrient supply, the plant material can be harvested and processed after just a few hours or days. The plant material is harvested using roller cutting.
[0071] The present invention provides a cellulose mixture and a method for its production which is economically and extremely ecologically advantageous and meets modern requirements regarding CO2 storage.
[0072] Reference symbol list:
[0073] 1. Fiber production
[0074] 2. Substrate carrier
[0075] 3. Substrate with roots
[0076] 4. Pre-cut / Calibration cut
[0077] 5th harvest cut
[0078] 6. Defined fiber length
[0079] 7. I like grass. Definition
[0080] 8. Renewal cut
[0081] 9. Possible use as animal feed
Claims
LUPM1432321 PATENT CLAIMS 1. Cellulose mixture obtainable by a process comprising the following steps: Cultivation of plant material in at least one housing for the cultivation of plants, Automated harvesting of plant material adapted to the desired purpose, Cutting the plant material, Homogenization of the cut plant material, as well as processing the cellulose mixture, wherein the cultivation takes place under permanent and / or temporary artificial light in 2 to 100, preferably 10 to 80, particularly preferably 20 to 60, and most preferably 40 to 50 parallel layers one above the other, wherein a pre-cut and / or calibration cut (4) is placed before a harvest cut (5), and / or the biomass is subjected to mechanical and / or thermal drying depending on the intended use, and the substances obtained from the biomass, such as water and / or nutrients, are returned to the new growth process. characterized in that the residual moisture in the cellulose mixture has a value of 0.01% to 10%, preferably 0.05% to 1.5%, particularly preferably 0.1% to 2.5%, in a particularly preferably manner 0.5% to 5%, and in a most particularly preferably manner 8%.
2. Cellulose mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant material is obtained from the group of flowering plants (Angiospermae), particularly preferably from the order Poales, and especially from the family Poaceae.
3. Cellulose mixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plant material is obtained from the group of plants comprising the species Achnatherum hymenoides, Aegilops squarrosa, Agropyron cristatum, Agropyron dasystachyum, Agropyron repens, Agropyron smithii, Agropyron subsecundum, LUPM1432321 Agropyron trichophorum, Agrostis alba, Agrostis gigantea, Agrostis palustris, Agrostis scabra, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis tenuis, Andropogon gerardii, Andropogon scoparius, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Aristida stricta, Arrhenatherum elatius, Arundinaria gigantea, Arundo donax, Avena sativa, Bouteloua curtipendula, Bouteloua gracilis, Bouteloua hirsuta, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromus inermis, Bromus pumpellianus, Bromus tectorum, Calamagrostis canadensis, Calamagrostis epigejos, Calamagrostis inexpansa, Calamagrostis rubescens, Calamagrostis villosa, Cenchrus longispinus, Chasmanthium latifolium, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Cornucopiae cucullatum, Aegilops squamosa, Cortaderia selloana, Ctenium aromaticum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cynodon dactylon, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia intermedia, Danthonia parryi, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Digitaria decumbens, Digitaria ischaemum, Distichlis spicata, Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crus-galli,Ehrharta erecta, Elymus cinereus, Elymus elymoides, Elymus innovatus, Elymus junceus, Elymus mollis, Elymus virginicus, Elytrigia atherica, Eragrostis curvula, Festuca arundinacea, Festuca gigantea, Festuca halleri, Festuca idahoensis, Festuca ovina, Festuca pratensis, Festuca puccinellii, Festuca rubra, Festuca scabrella, Festuca scabriculmis, Festuca sylvatica, Helictotrichon pratense, Hilaria jamesii, Hilaria rigida, Holcus lanatus, Hordeum vulgare, Imperata cylindrica, Koeleria cristata, Lolium perenne, Lolium rigidum, Lycurus phleoides, Manisuris rugosa, Melica uniflora, Melinis minutiflora, Miscanthus sinensis, Molinia caerulea, Muhlenbergia richardsonis, Nardus stricta, Oryza sativa, Oryzopsis asperifolia, Panicum amarum, Panicum commutatum, Panicum maximum, Panicum obtusum, Panicum repens, Panicum texanum, Panicum virgatum, Paspalum dilatatum, Paspalum urvillei, Paspalum vaginatum, Paspalum wettsteinii, Pennisetum clandestinum, Pennisetum purpureum, Phalaris arundinacea,Phalaris tuberosa, Phleum pretense, Phragmites australis, Phragmites communis, Pleioblastus chino, Poa chaixii, Poa compressa, Poa pratensis, Poa secunda, Puccinellia maritima, Puccinellia phryganodes, Saccharum officinarum, Sasa nipponica, Secale cereale, Setaria geniculata, Setaria italica, Setaria magna, Setaria sphacelata, Sorghastrum nutans, Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum halepense, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina anglica, Spartina cynosuroides, Spartina patens, Sporobolus cryptandrus, Stipa comata, Stipa richardsonii, Stipa spartea, StipaLUPM1432321, viridula, Trichachne californica, Tripsacum dactyloides, Triticosecale spp., Triticum aestivum, Triticum boeoticum, Triticum dicoccoides, Triticum percicumx, Uniola paniculata, Zea mays, Zizania aquatica, Zoysia japonica.
4. Zellstoffmischung nach einem der prächlichkeit Patentansprüche, derach geschäftigung, dass in dem pflanzlichen Material gebundenenen Stoffe rückgewonnen werden.
5. Cellulose mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that the recovered substances are water and / or nutrients and / or secondary substances.
6. Cellulose mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the condition of the plant material is assessed in at least one growth characteristic.
7. Cellulose mixture according to claim 6, characterized in that the growth characteristic is the length of the plant fiber and / or the weight of the plant fiber and / or the lignin content of the plant fiber and / or the nutrient content and / or the starch of the plant fiber.
8. Pulp mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the harvesting of the plant material takes place when the biomass has a fiber length (6) of 0.05 mm to 400 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 200 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 100 mm, and most preferably 2 mm to 50 mm.
9. Pulp mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cultivation takes place in a housing of the type Plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL) and / or Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and / or Container farm and / or Greenhouse and / or In-store farm and / or Appliance farm / Smart Garden and / or Vertical Farming. LUPM1432321 10. Cellulose mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting of the plant material is carried out by roller and / or shear and / or rotary cutting.
11. Cellulose mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the illumination with light takes place for 20 to 24 hours per day and / or for 5 to 7 days per week.
12. Pulp mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lignin content of the pulp mixture is 0.001 to 50%, preferably 0.01 to 30%, particularly preferably 3 to 10%, and most preferably 4 to 5%, or the pulp mixture is lignin-free.
13. Method for the industrial production of pulp mixtures according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. Use of the cellulose mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as wet and / or dry feed and / or as a filler for building materials and / or as a permanent CO2 storage and / or for the final storage of CO2 on the seabed and / or as an energy storage medium for renewable energy carriers, preferably wind, water and solar energy and / or for use in a combined heat and power plant and / or for the production of high-purity technical carbon, preferably for graphene production.