Corrosion inhibitors for plastic waste pyrolysis oils, bio-oils and blends thereof

Abstract

The present invention concerns feedstocks F and blends B comprising or consisting of plastic waste pyrolysis oils and / or bio-oils which further comprise at least one additive A, and a method for reducing the corrosivity of said feedstocks F or blends B. Said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine or derivative thereof. Preferably, said at least one additive A is or comprises a waste stream derived from manufacture of first aliphatic amines or first derivatives thereof. Steel surfaces, especially low-alloyed steel and carbon steel surfaces, in contact with said feedstocks F or blends B show less corrosion, particularly at elevated temperatures.

Description

241300W0011Corrosion inhibitors for plastic waste pyrolysis oils, bio-oils and blends thereofTechnical areaThe present invention relates to corrosion inhibitors for plastic waste pyrolysis oils, bio-oils and blends comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil.Background of the inventionPyrolysis oils, manufactured by pyrolysis from materials such as waste plastics, rubber, and textiles and bio-oils derived from biomass are highly corrosive to materials such as steel, particularly carbon steel and low-alloyed steels. Compared to fossil oils, said pyrolysis oils and bio-oils contain more water, oxygenates, halogens, sulfur, and have a higher total acid number (TAN), leading to an inherent corrosivity during storage, transport, handling, and conversion. The use of cheaper, less corrosion-resistant steels for economic reasons as construction materials for tanks, pipes, heat exchangers, reactors and other devices with which said pyrolysis oils and bio-oils are in contact exacerbates this problem.The corrosivity of said pyrolysis oils and bio-oils worsens at higher temperatures, e.g., as in the pre-heating section of a thermal process such as partial oxidation or steam cracking. These sections operate between about 30 and about 500 °C. Existing methods to reduce corrosion in said pyrolysis oils and bio-oils are mostly ineffective at these temperatures. Further purifying said pyrolysis oils and bio-oils to remove more corrosion-causing components before thermal processes is not always practical, particularly in case of partial oxidation, as such purifying decreases product yield and may make the (thermal) process uneconomical.Corrosion worsens even more in the presence of water which is either present in the respective feedstock (or blend of feedstocks) as such or needs to be added as a component required for the successive thermal process, e.g., in case the successive thermal process is a partial oxidation process or steam cracking.In case of a thermal process such as partial oxidation or steam cracking, water is preferably added to the feedstock or blend of feedstocks, more preferably in form of steam, which further increases the corrosiveness in the pre-heating section. For example, 33 wt.-% water and / or steam or more may be added to the feedstock or blend of feedstocks for such thermal processes.The article F. H. Mahfud et al: "Acetic Acid Recovery from Fast Pyrolysis Oil. An Exploratory Study on Liquid-Liquid Reactive Extraction using Aliphatic Tertiary Amines", SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 43, no. 11-12, 8 August 2008 (2008-08-08), pages 3056-3074 (DOI: 10.1080 / 01496390802222509) discloses the use of a mixture comprising aliphatic amines (trioctylamine) and bio-oil (obtained by flash pyrolysis of beech wood) for recovery of acetic acid through liquid-liquid extraction.241300W0012WO 2019 / 082205 A1 discloses hydrocarbon fuels such as liquified petroleum gas which comprise a mixture of quaternary ammonium salts and at least one fatty acid methyl ester and further additives with reduced corrosion during transport in a pipeline or storage of such fuels.The article L. Matejovsky et al.: "Amines as steel corrosion inhibitors in ethanol gasoline blends",FUEL, vol. 361, 1 April 2024 (2024-04-01), page 130681, (DOI: 10.1016 / j.fuel.2023.130681) discloses amine-based corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in ethanol-gasoline blends.WO 2013 / 101256 A2 discloses corrosion inhibitor additive combinations giving long-acting performance in oxygenated gasoline blends and adapted for use in fuel delivery systems and internal combustion engines.EP 2 163598 A1 discloses a gas oil composition which contains an environment friendly base gas oil produced from an animal or vegetable fat and / or a component originating therefrom which optionally further comprise anti-corrosion agents such as aliphatic amines.It is an objective of the present disclosure to provide a feedstock which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil or a blend which comprises at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil, which feedstock or blend has a reduced corrosivity, particularly when in contact with a steel surface, such as a carbon steel surface or a low-alloy steel surface.It is a further objective of the present disclosure to provide a feedstock which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a biooil or a blend which comprises at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil, which feedstock or blend causes less pitting corrosion when in contact with a steel surface, preferably with a carbon steel or low-alloy steel surface.It is a further objective of the present disclosure to provide a feedstock which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a biooil or a blend which comprises at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil, which feedstock or blend causes less corrosion when in contact with a steel surface, preferably with a carbon steel surface or a low-alloy steel surface in the pre-heating section of a thermal process or during said thermal process.It is a further objective of the present disclosure to provide a method for inhibiting the corrosion of a steel surface in a thermal process for converting a feedstock which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil or a blend which comprises at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil.It is a further objective of the present disclosure to provide a process to manufacture at least one chemical product, particularly an aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, with high carbon efficiency.241300W0013It is a further objective of the present disclosure to provide a process to co-produce at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and a feedstock, which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil, or a blend, which comprises at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or at least one biooil, with reduced corrosivity.It is a further objective of the present disclosure to provide a utilization, preferably a material utilization, for waste streams derived from the manufacture of aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue.It is a further objective of the present disclosure to utilize at least a portion of waste streams derived from the manufacture of aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue in the manufacture of chemical products.It is still a further objective of the present disclosure to utilize at least a portion of waste streams derived from the manufacture of aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue in the manufacture of aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue.Summary of the inventionThese problems are solved by a feedstock F, which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil,or a blend B comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oils and / or bio-oil and optionally further comprising at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC,said feedstock F or blend B further comprising at least one additive A,wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residueand wherein preferably said bio-oil is selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats.These problems are further solved by a method for reducing the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, comprising the steps(i) providing a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or bio-oil, wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil and optionally at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC, and(ii) adding at least one additive A to said feedstock F or said blend B, wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and wherein said bio-oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats.241300W0014These problems are further solved by a method for inhibiting the corrosion of a steel surface S, preferably in a thermal process for converting a feedstock F or a blend B, comprising the steps(i) providing a steel surface S,(ii) providing a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or bio-oil, wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil and optionally further comprises at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC,(iii) adding at least one additive A to said feedstock F or said blend B, wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine or derivative thereof and wherein the derivative thereof is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkanolamines, aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue and combinations thereof, and(iv) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A in a thermal process into at least one product P, whereby said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with said steel surface S and whereby the corrosion of said steel surface S is reduced when being contacted with said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A.Inhibiting the corrosion of a steel surface S may be achieved and embodied, for instance, by reducing the corrosivity of a medium in contact with such surface S.These problems are further solved by a method for producing product P with reduced risk of corrosion comprising the steps(i) providing a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or bio-oil, wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil and optionally further comprises at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC,(ii) adding at least one additive A to said feedstock F or said blend B, wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, and(iii) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A in a thermal process into at least one product P, wherein said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with a steel surface S,wherein at least a portion of the additive A is converted, optionally in combination with feedstock F or blend B, to said product P,wherein said thermal process in step (iii) is selected from the group consisting of partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming.These problems are further solved by a process to manufacture at least one chemical product CP with high carbon efficiency, the process comprising the steps241300W0015a) manufacturing a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue from a feedstock FO, whereby a waste stream WS is produced, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, b) providing a feedstock F, which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil,or a blend B comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or bio-oil and optionally further comprising at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC, wherein said bio-oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats, c) adding at least a portion of said waste stream WS to said feedstock F or said Blend B,d) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising at least a portion of said waste stream WS by a thermal process into a product P, ande) manufacturing a chemical product CP from at least a portion of said product P, the chemical product CP preferably selected from the group consisting of first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.These objectives are further solved by the use of at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, as an additive A or comprised in an additive A in a feedstock F or a blend B to reduce the corrosion of a steel surface S when in contact with said feedstock F or said blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil, and wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil.These objectives are further solved by using at least one waste stream derived from the manufacture of first aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, or aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue, said at least one waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other, as corrosion inhibitor in a feedstock F or a blend B to reduce the corrosivity of said feedstock F or blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil, and wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil.Furthermore, the feedstock F and the blend B, comprising at least one additive A, cause less undesired corrosion when in contact with a steel surface S, preferably a steel surface S made of carbon steel or a low-alloyed steel. The undesired corrosion is particularly reduced at elevated temperature, which suits the feedstock F and the blend B, comprising at least one additive A, as feedstocks for successive thermal processes such as partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming.Preferred successive thermal processes for plastic waste pyrolysis oil feedstocks F and blends B comprising plastic waste pyrolysis oil and said at least one additive A are partial oxidation and steam cracking. Preferred successive241300W0016thermal processes for bio-oil feedstocks F comprising said at least one additive A and blends B comprising bio-oil and said at least one additive A are hydrotreatment and fluid catalytic cracking.Furthermore, undesired corrosion is even more reduced in the presence of water, which more preferably suits the feedstock F and the blend B, comprising at least one additive A, as feedstocks for successive partial oxidation processes and steam cracking in which water (or steam) is added to the feedstock F or blend B at elevated temperatures.Furthermore, highly undesired pitting corrosion is reduced with a feedstock F and a blend B, comprising at least one additive A, when in contact with a steel surface S, particularly a steel surface S made of carbon steel or a low-alloyed steel. The highly undesired pitting corrosion is particularly reduced at elevated temperature, which suits the feedstock F and the blend B, comprising at least one additive A, as feedstocks for successive thermal processes such as partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking and catalytic reforming, more preferably partial oxidation and steam cracking in which processes water and / or steam is added to the feedstock F or blend B comprising at least one additive A and which result in a product P. Such product P, depending on the thermal process listed above, includes syngas (mixture comprising CO and H2), light olefins (e.g., ethylene, propylene, butene isomers and butadiene), aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylene isomers, and the like.Furthermore, at least a portion of said at least one additive A is converted to said product P, either alone or in combination with feedstock F or blend B. Thus, at least a portion of the atoms of said at least one additive A, particularly carbon atoms and / or hydrogen atoms present in said at least one additive A, is comprised in said product P. Hence, at least a portion of said additive A is utilized in substance whereas combustion processes described in the prior art utilize said additive only energetically. Moreover, the carbon efficiency in a process to manufacture at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue is increased.Detailed description of the inventionThe present invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications of these embodiments, combinations of these embodiments or substitutions within the basic spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention as claimed.Definitions:In the context of the present description and the accompanying claims, the term “about” preferably means a deviation of the thus described value of ±10 %. In the context of the present invention, the term “combinations thereof” is inclusive of one or more of the recited elements. In the context of the present invention, the term “mixture thereof” is inclusive of one or more of the recited elements, “ppm” is defined herein as “parts per million” mass by total mass.241300W0017“Carbon efficiency” is defined herein as the fraction of elemental carbon introduced with all carbon-containing feedstocks that is retained in the intended product(s) at the defined system boundary, expressed on a carbon-atom (molar) or carbon-mass basis, after accounting for carbon leaving as by-products, off-gas (including C02and VOCs), purge streams, wastewater / solids, and other yield losses.“Carbon steel” is defined herein as a steel comprising C in the range of about 0.05 to about 2.0 wt.-%. “Carbon steel” also comprises steels having in addition further alloying elements to a C content in the range of about 0.05 to about 2.0 wt.-%. No minimum content is specified or required for Cr, Co, Mo, Ni, Nb, Ti, V, W and Zr or any other element to be added to obtain a desired alloying effect; the specified minimum for Cu does not exceed 0.4 wt.-%; or a maximum content for any of the following elements does not exceed the percentages noted: 1.65 wt.-% Mn; 0.6 wt.-% Si; 0.6 wt.-% Cu. More preferably, the carbon steel is a low-carbon steel having a C content of about 0.05 to about 0.15 wt.-% and / or a medium-carbon steel having a C content of about 0.3 to about 0.5 wt.-%.“Low-alloy steel” is defined herein as a steel containing from about 1 to about 5 wt.-% of individual alloying elements and less than 10.5 wt.-% of all alloying elements together. Alloying elements include but are not limited to one or more of the following chemical elements: Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, Nb, Ti, V, W, Zr.“Pitting corrosion” is defined herein as a localized form of corrosion that results in the formation of small, often deep pits or cavities on the surface of a steel, leading to material degradation. It is typically more severe than uniform corrosion due to its concentrated nature and the potential for rapid penetration through the material and thereby causing leakages and / or structural damage. Pitting corrosion can compromise the integrity of structures, particularly in environments where metals are exposed to aggressive agents such as organic acids comprised in plastic waste pyrolysis oils, bio-oils or blend comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or bio-oil.The term “plastic waste pyrolysis oil” as used herein refers to liquid compound mixtures manufactured from plastic waste by pyrolysis.In the context of the present invention, the term “plastic waste” refers to any plastic material, preferably discarded after use, i.e., the plastic material has reached the end of its useful life and is considered post-consumer waste. The plastic waste can be pure polymeric plastic waste, mixed plastic waste or film waste, optionally including soiling, adhesive materials, fillers, residues etc. The plastic waste may have an oxygen content, a nitrogen content, sulfur content, halogen content and optionally also a heavy metal content. The plastic waste can originate from any plastic material containing source. Accordingly, the term “plastic waste” includes industrial, domestic plastic waste, mixed plastic waste, used tires (“end-of-life tires”), used textiles, agricultural plastic material, and horticultural plastic material. The term “plastic waste” may also comprise residues from manufacture of plastic materials.Typically, plastic waste is a mixture of different plastic materials, including hydrocarbon plastics, e.g., polyolefins such as polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE) and polypropylene, polystyrene, and copolymers thereof, etc., and polymers241300W0018composed of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements such as chlorine, fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicone, etc., for example chlorinated plastics, such as polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), etc., nitrogencontaining plastics, such as polyamides (PA), polyurethanes (PU), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), etc., oxygen-containing plastics such as polyesters, e.g., polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), etc., silicones and / or sulfur bridges crosslinked rubbers.Typically, the plastic material comprises additives, such as processing aids, plasticizers, flame retardants, pigments, light stabilizers, lubricants, impact modifiers, antistatic agents, antioxidants, etc. These additives may comprise elements other than carbon and hydrogen. For example, bromine is mainly found in connection to flame retardants. Heavy metal compounds may be used as lightfast pigments and / or stabilizers in plastics. Cadmium, zinc, and lead may be present in heat stabilizers and slip agents used in plastics manufacturing. The plastic waste can also contain residues. Residues in the sense of the invention are contaminants adhering to the plastic waste. The additives and residues are usually present in an amount of less than 50 wt.-%, preferably less than 30 wt.-%, more preferably less than 20 wt.-%, even more preferably less than 10 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the dry weight plastic.Examples of rubber waste include end-of-life tires, rubber waste produced during manufacturing processes and discarded rubber containing products such as latex examining gloves and gaskets. End-of-life tires comprise further ingredients such as textiles and organic and inorganic additives which may be separated from the rubber portion of end-of-life tires prior to pyrolysis. Pyrolysis oils obtained by pyrolysis of (predominantly) end-of-life tires are also known as tire pyrolysis oils (TPO).In the context of the present invention, the term “pyrolysis” relates to a thermal decomposition or degradation of a source such as plastic waste under inert conditions and results in a gas, a liquid, and a solid char fraction. The feedstock is heated in at least one pyrolysis reactor to a temperature in the range of from about 350 to about 900 °C, more preferably in the range of from about 400 to about 600 °C, and a pressure in the range of from about 0.5 to about 2 bar (abs.), more preferably in the range of from about 0.9 to about 1.5 bar (abs). During the pyrolysis, the source is converted in a pyrolysis unit into a great variety of chemicals including gases such as H2, Ci-4-alkanes, C2-4-alkenes, ethyne, propyne, 1 -butyne, a pyrolysis oil having a boiling temperature of about 25 to about 500 °C and char. In addition, water is formed during the pyrolysis which may be partially dispersed in the pyrolysis oil and may be partially contacted with the pyrolysis oil in a separate phase. The water formed during pyrolysis comprises various organic compounds and / or salts thereof which were also formed during the pyrolysis. The term “pyrolysis” does not relate to hydrothermal processes or other processes in which water and / or hydrogen is added purposedly to the plastic waste to be processed, and higher pressures are applied.The term “pyrolysis” includes slow pyrolysis, fast pyrolysis, flash catalysis and catalytic pyrolysis. These pyrolysis types differ regarding process temperature, heating rate, residence time, feedstock particle size, etc. resulting in different product quality of the pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis unit (comprising one or more pyrolysis reactors) may be operated adiabatically, isothermally, nonadiabatically, non-isothermally, or combinations thereof. The pyrolysis241300W0019reactions may be carried out in a single stage or in multiple stages. For example, the pyrolysis unit can comprise two reactor vessels fluidly connected in series. The at least one pyrolysis reactor is preferably selected from the group comprising fluidized bed reactors, moving bed reactors, entrained flow reactors, screw reactors, extruders, stirred tank reactors and rotary kiln reactor. Preferably, the pyrolysis is performed in the pyrolysis reactor under an inert atmosphere exempt of oxygen or air.“Biomass” is biological material derived from living or recently living organisms. In particular, the term “biomass” comprises plants or parts thereof like crops, energy crops, wood, wood waste, wood pellets, wood chips, forestry and agricultural residues, straw, lignocellulosic biomass, or residues thereof, marine organisms (like algae), biobased oils, biobased fats (preferably hydrated), and biowaste such as organic food waste.According to one embodiment, the biomass is of vegetable origin, preferably it comprises or is derived from algae, oil crops, oil palms, soybeans, rapeseed, mustard, flax, cottonseed, sunflower, corn, castor beans, hemp, field pennycress, pongamia, jatropha, coconut palms, macauba palms, mahua, camelina, salicornia, carinata, lignocellulose, wood, forestry residues, agricultural residues, crop residues, straw, residues from vegetable oil production, green waste, food waste, and used vegetable cooking oil, more preferably it comprises or is derived from algae, oil crops, oil palms, soybeans, rapeseed, pongamia, sunflower, corn, castor beans, jatropha, coconut palms, macauba palms, camelina, and carinata, most preferably it comprises or is derived from oil palms, soybeans, rapeseed, jatropha, and macauba palms.According to another embodiment, the biomass is of animal origin, preferably it comprises or is derived from animal fat, livestock-related products like tallow, fish fat, or food waste. “Biomass” can be converted into “bio-oils”.“Bio-oils” are liquid compound mixtures, mainly comprising highly oxygenated compounds (e.g., glycerides, esters, carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, furans, and sugars) and water, while their exact compositions depend on the biomass feedstocks and the processing steps applied. The term bio-oil includes in particular vegetable oils like rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, castor oil, jatropha oil, carinata oil, palm oil, and macauba palm (kernel or pulp) oil, and processing residues thereof (like palm fatty acid distillate), used cooking oil, tall oil, animal fats, and oils obtained by thermochemical conversion of biomass, e.g., biomass-derived pyrolysis or hydrothermal liquefaction oils, as well as mixtures thereof. Preferably, the bio-oil according to this invention is a vegetable oil, used cooking oil, a pyrolysis bio-oil, or a hydrothermal liquefaction bio-oil. Also, the bio-oil according to this invention may preferably be selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats. Ethanol / water mixtures are not considered “bio-oils”.The biomass is converted to a bio-oil by a processing that may comprise both mechanical and physical operations, like harvesting and collecting as well as crushing, cracking, cutting, shredding, grinding, chipping, milling, extrusion, irradiation, squeezing, pressing, bleaching, desodoration, filtering, sieving, adsorption, and thermal treatments such as drying and torrefaction, and chemical processes, like extraction, distillation, thermochemical conversions like241300W00110pyrolysis or hydrothermal liquefaction, gasification followed by Fischer-Tropsch processes, hydrolysis, saponification, neutralization, ketonization, or hydrogenation. Also, the mechanical, physical, and / or chemical separation of the products and by-products of said operations and processes, in particular the separation of gaseous, liquid, and solid fractions, forms part of the biomass processing. The right choice of suitable process steps and operating conditions is mainly dependent on the biomass to be processed; but the one skilled in the art will be familiar with such considerations, in particular when it comes to the production and processing of edible oils, vegetable oils, tall oils and the like.Biomass may be subjected to a pyrolysis reaction to obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis of said raw materials yields a liquid fraction, commonly referred to as pyrolysis oil, as well as a non-condensable, gaseous fraction (pyrolysis gas) and a solid residue (pyrolysis char; normally composed of fixed carbon and inorganic compounds such as glass, metals, ash, etc.). Pyrolysis processes are known and described, e.g. for biomass in G. Wang et al., Energy Fuels 2020, 34, 12, 15557-15578.Optionally, at least one feedstock F is blended with at least one other feedstock F and / or at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC, whereby a blend B is formed. Optionally, at least one feedstock F is blended with at least one other feedstock F and / or at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC are blended either before the at least one additive A is added to the at least one feedstock F or before the at least one additive A is added to the blend B.Blending allows for the adjustment of physical and / or chemical properties such as viscosity, density, flash point, boiling range, contents of heteroatoms such as sulfur and other undesired ingredients of and / or comprised in a feedstock F. By blending, the at least one feedstock F may be more suited for a successive thermal process. Before blending, each feedstock to be used for blending (including the at least one feedstock F) is preferably thoroughly characterized to determine its physical and chemical properties, including viscosity, acidity, water content, and elemental composition. Said feedstocks (including the at least one feedstock F) are preferably blended in specific ratios based on the desired properties of the final blend B. This may involve trial and error, as well as simulations, to achieve optimal performance. The blending process may be conducted in tanks equipped with mixing mechanisms to ensure a uniform distribution of the components and / or in a piping system comprising a means for combining at least two streams such as a T-piece. Such methods are known in the art and can be adapted to specific feedstocks to be blended and / or available equipment.Said blend B can then be utilized as feedstock for thermal processes such as partial oxidation, steam cracking, combustion, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming. The resulting blend B may comprise more than one feedstock F, e.g., two bio-oils or two plastic waste pyrolysis oils or one bio-oil and one plastic waste pyrolysis oil or in addition to the aforementioned mixtures furthermore one or more fossil-based feedstock component FFC and so on. Said blend B comprises for example 5 wt.-%, 10 wt.-%, 15 wt.-%, 20 wt.-%, 25 wt.-%, 30 wt.-%, 35 wt.-%, 40 wt.-%, 45 wt.-%, 50 wt.-%, 55 wt.-%, 60 wt.-%, 65 wt.-%, 70 wt.-%, 75 wt.-%, 80 wt.-%, 85 wt.-%, 90 wt.-% or 95 wt.-%241300W00111feedstock F (or in case more than one feedstock F is comprised in the blend B, sum of all feedstocks F comprised in blend B).The optional at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC is selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of heating oils, vacuum residues, vacuum distillation residues, crude oil residues, heavy crude oils, extra heavy crude oils, tar sand bitumen, visbreaker bottom residues, deasphalter bottom residues, C5 asphalthene fraction, high viscous residues, fuel oils, pyrolysis gasolines, waste oils, used oils, natural gas, coal dust, naphtha, light straight-run naphtha, heavy straight-run naphtha, kerosene, gas oils, vacuum gas oils, and combinations thereof.One important difference between said fossil-based feedstock components FFC and feedstocks F in respect to corrosion is a higher concentration of organic acids such as formic acid present in feedstocks F which contribute to the increased corrosive behavior towards steel surfaces S, particularly in case said steel is a low-alloy steel or a carbon steel. Said higher concentration of organic acids is also reflected in a higher total acid number TAN in said feedstock F compared to fossil-based feedstock components FFC.The at least one additive A added to the feedstock F or the blend B comprises at least one aliphatic amine or derivative thereof. The concentration of the at least one additive A (or all additives A combined in case more than one additive A is added) in the feedstock F or the blend B preferably ranges from 0.05 to 10 wt.-%, more preferably 0.1 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.25 to 5 wt.-%. Within this disclosure, the term “additive” describes a substance or composition that is deliberately (i.e., purposedly) added to a chemical mixture such as said feedstock F or said blend B to enhance or modify its properties in a desired manner. Additives can serve various purposes, such as improving stability, altering physical characteristics, or enhancing performance.The at least one additive A reduces the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, particularly when said feedstock F or blend B is in contact with a steel surface S.The term “aliphatic amines” includes “first aliphatic amines” and “second aliphatic amines” which latter two terms are used further below. The term “derivatives thereof” in respect to “aliphatic amines” includes “first derivatives” (of “first aliphatic amines”) and “second derivatives” (of “second aliphatic amines”) which latter two terms are used further below.Examples of “aliphatic amines” include- primary aliphatic amines (R-NH2) such as methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, isobutylamine, ethylene diamine,- secondary aliphatic amines (R-NH-R1, wherein R and R' can be the same or different) such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, N-methyl-ethylamine, N-ethyl-methylamine,241300W00112- tertiary aliphatic amines (R-NR'-R", wherein R, R' and R" can be the same or different) such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, N, N-dimethyl-ethylamine, N, N-diethyl-methylamine, N,N, N-trimethyl- 1 -aminopropane,- aliphatic amines comprising primary and secondary amino groups such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine,- secondary and tertiary cyclic aliphatic amines such as piperazine, aminoethylpiperazine, hydroxyethylpiperazine.Further examples of “aliphatic amines” and “derivatives thereof’ include N-(2-Aminoethyl)-piperazine, N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-piperazine, triethylenetetramine, N-hydroxyethyl-DETA, N-(2-piperazinylethyl)-EDA, tetraethylenepentamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, piperazine, ethanolamine, diethylenetriamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-ethanolamine, hexahydroimidazopyrazine, 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol, and (hydroxyethyl)piperazine.Additive A does not comprise amphiphilic compounds comprising at least one nonpolar residue selected from C6 to C26 alkyl and / or alkylene and at least one polar residue, the at least one polar residue comprising at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and oxygen.Derivatives of aliphatic amines are selected from the group consisting of alkanolamines, aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue and combinations thereof.Preferably, the at least one additive A is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue. Such waste streams may comprise more than one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue or combinations thereof, such as at least two different second aliphatic amines and / or an alkanolamine and an aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, or such as at least three different members selected from second aliphatic amines, alkanolamine and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.Preferably, the first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue is different from the second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine and alkanolamine aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.The examples of “aliphatic amines” and “derivatives thereof” disclosed further above are applicable to the first aliphatic amine, second aliphatic amine, first derivative thereof and second derivative thereof, respectively.Manufacturing processes for first aliphatic amines, alkanolamine and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue may involve different chemical reactions, including alkylation, reductive amination, and the hydrolysis of nitriles. The chemical reactions involved in the manufacture of first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine and aliphatic amine241300W00113comprising at least one ether residue generate byproducts that are not the desired first aliphatic amine, aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue product(s). Said byproducts are referred herein as “waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue” and comprise at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue. Examples of said second aliphatic amines in said waste stream comprise primary amines, secondary amines, amines comprising primary and secondary amino groups, tertiary amines and cyclic amines as in case of first aliphatic amines. Said waste streams may also or further comprise alkanolamine, for example, having one or more OH residues, and / or alkanolamines or at least one ether residue, or combinations thereof. Also, derivates of cyclic amines comprising at least one heteroatom such as morpholine are considered “second aliphatic amines”. For example, minor amounts such as 0.1, 1.0 or 1.5 wt.-% of an alkanolamine may be comprised in such waste streams derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue. Also, minor amounts of other chemical compounds such as aromatic amines, glycols (e.g., ethylene glycol) and / or alcohols may be comprised in such waste streams derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.For example, said waste stream may be derived from manufacture of ethylene amines as first aliphatic amine by a monoethanolamine reductive amination process (“MEA process”) which is a vapor-phase catalytic reductive amination, usually done in a fixed bed reactor in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst. The MEA process and other processes for manufacture of first aliphatic amines thereof from which waste stream(s) suited as additive A are derived are described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Chapter “Amines, Aliphatic”, P. Roose, K. Eller, E. Henkes, R. Rossbacher, H. Hoke, Chapter s, 2015, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, DOI : 10.1002 / 14356007. a02_001 ,pub2.Processes for manufacture of alkanolamines, preferably aliphatic alkanolamines, and corresponding waste streams formed during manufacturing of alkanolamines, particularly during purification of the targeted products which may be suited as additive A are for example disclosed in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Chapter “Ethanolamines and Propanolamines”, M. Frauenkron, J.-P. Melder, G. Ruider, R. Rossbacher, H. Hoke, Chapter 2.2, 2012, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, DOI: 10.1002 / 14356007.a10_001. Examples include the manufacture of methyldiethanolamine and dimethylethanolamine.Preferably, the at least one additive A is or comprises a waste stream derived from a purification step during the manufacturing processes of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.More preferably, the at least one additive A is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said waste stream is separated in a purification step during said manufacture of said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said purification step comprises a distillation step, and the waste241300W00114stream is a fraction formed in said distillation step and / or the remaining distillation bottoms. Said waste stream comprises at least one second aliphatic amine and / or second derivative thereof but may also comprise at least two different second aliphatic amines and / or second derivatives thereof, or at least three different second aliphatic amines and / or second derivatives thereof.Most preferably, the additive A is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, the additive A selected from the group consisting of Amix 1000 (CAS-No. 68910-05-4), Amix A (CAS-No. 92731-41-4), Amix TE (CAS-No. 68953-70-8), Amix MD (Reach registration No.: 01-2120892223-54-0000), Amix DA5 (CAS-No. 1704-62-7), Amix M (CAS-No. 68909-77-3) and mixtures thereof. Related products (i.e., waste streams derived from the manufacture of first aliphatic amines, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue) from other suppliers may also be used as additive A, alone or with in combination with one or more of the aforementioned waste streams. Examples of said related products comprise Amine SD, Amide LP and Amine EA (all available from Dow Inc.), Ethyleneamine E100 (a mixture of tetra-ethylene-pent-amine (TEPA), penta-ethylene-hexamine (PEHA), hexa-ethylene-heptamine (HEHA), and higher molecular weight products with a number-average molecular weight of 250-300 g / mol, available from Huntsman Corp.), and Berolamine 1210 and Berolamine 20 (CAS No. 84238-53-9 and CAS No. 68910-05-4) (available from Nouryon).Such waste streams may need to be disposed, e.g., by incineration whereby undesired CO2 is formed or subjected to other energy-consuming waste treatments. In case the at least one additive A is a waste stream as described above, said waste stream can be further used instead: first, said waste stream used as additive A reduces the corrosivity of a feedstock F or blend B. Furthermore, said waste stream used as additive A inhibits undesired corrosion of steel surfaces S when in contact with feedstocks F or blends B. Second, the at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue comprised therein serves as an additional feedstock for the successive thermal process (step (iii)). Accordingly, at least a portion of the at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue comprised in such a waste stream derived additive A is also converted into a product P or will be comprised in a product P derived by said successive thermal process.Such product P, depending on the thermal process, includes syngas (mixture comprising CO and H2), light olefins (e.g., ethylene, propylene, butene isomers and butadiene), aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylene isomers, and the like.Chemical products CP are chemical substances which are manufactured by a single- or multi-step process from one or more product P and, optionally, further reactants. Chemical products CP include, but are not limited to, polymers comprising one or more product P such as polyethylene and polypropylene, ethylbenzene, ethylene oxide, ethylene dichloride, ethyl alcohol, acetaldehyde, acrylonitrile, cumene, propylene oxide, acrylic acid, butyraldehyde, cyclohexane, methyl diphenyl diisocyanate, alkylbenzenes, toluene diisocyanate, phthalic acid, methanol, oxo-241300W00115alcohols, formaldehyde, fuel ethers, phosgene, Fischer-Tropsch liquids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue.In case the chemical product CP is selected from aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue, a circular process (e.g., using the waste stream derived from manufacture of an aliphatic amine for manufacture of a feedstock for the synthesis of the same aliphatic amine) may be achieved.For example, the at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue comprised in a waste stream derived additive A is converted into syngas (mixture comprising CO and H2) during a partial oxidation process or into a light olefin / C6-C8 aromatic hydrocarbon during a steam cracking process. Utilization of such waste stream(s) in feedstocks F, blends B or the method according to the present invention or their use as corrosion inhibitor in feedstocks F or blends B also makes manufacture of first aliphatic amines, more sustainable.The at least one additive A can be added to the feedstock F or the blend B for example continuously, e.g., by injection into a pipe in which a feedstock F or a blend flows, or batch wise, e.g., into a tank in which a feedstock F or a blend b is stored or transported. Addition points of the at least one additive A may be all points where corrosion is most likely to occur, such as pipelines, heat exchangers, storage tanks, and pre-heating sections of thermal processes which result in a product P.The at least one additive A may be added in one or more of the following steps:- to the feedstock F directly after manufacture of said feedstock F,- after purification and / or upgrading of said feedstock F,- before storage of said feedstock F,- during storage of said feedstock F,- before transport of said feedstock F from e.g., the location of manufacture to the location of successive use such as in a thermal process,- directly before said feedstock F is subjected to a thermal process,- before blending of a feedstock F with at least one further feedstock F and / or at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC to form a blend B,- after blending with at least one further feedstock F and / or at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC for forming a blend B,- before storage of said blend B,- during storage of said blend B,- before the resulting blend B is subjected to a successive thermal process.In another aspect of the present invention, the at least one additive is not added in / during one of the aforementioned steps but split into at least two portions and then added in / during at least two of the aforementioned steps.241300W00116The feedstock F comprising at least one additive A or the blend B comprising at least one feedstock F and at least one additive A is then contacted with a steel surface S. The steel surface S is made of or comprises at least one carbon steel and / or low-alloy steel which is in contact with the feedstock F comprising at least one additive A or blend B comprising at least one feedstock F and at least one additive A.Preferably, the steel surface S is part of a device selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of pipes, tanks, feeding sections for thermal processes, pre-heating sections for thermal processes, nozzles, heat exchangers, evaporators, distillation columns, quenching units, condensation units, gasification islands comprising at least one gasifier, and mixing units.The feedstock F comprising at least one additive A or the blend B comprising at least one feedstock F and at least one additive A is then contacted with a steel surface S at various temperatures such as ambient temperature and elevated temperatures, e.g., 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, 120 °C, 130 °C, 140 °C, 150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, 190 °C, 200 °C, 210 °C, 220 °C, 230 °C, 240 °C, 250 °C, 260 °C, 270 °C, 280 °C, 290 °C, 300 °C, 310 °C, 320 °C, 330 °C, 340 °C, 350 °C, 360 °C, 370 °C, 380 °C, 390 °C, 400 °C and the like. Preferably, the temperature at which the feedstock F comprising at least one additive A or the blend B comprising at least one feedstock F and at least one additive A is contacted with a steel surface S is above 30 °C, more preferably above 50 °C, even more preferably above 80 °C, and most preferably above 150 °C.In case the feedstock F or blend comprising said at least one additive A is converted in a thermal process into at least one product P, said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with a steel surface S. Preferably said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with said steel surface S at 30 to 500 °C, more preferably 50 to 400 °C and more preferably 80 to 350 °C.In one aspect of the present invention the feedstock F or the blend B further comprises water which may be added in liquid and / or gaseous form (i.e., as steam) to said feedstock F or said blend B before said feedstock F or said blend B is subjected to a thermal process selected from the group comprising partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming.Preferred successive thermal processes for plastic waste pyrolysis oil feedstocks F and blends B comprising plastic waste pyrolysis oil and said at least one additive A are partial oxidation and steam cracking. Preferred successive thermal processes for bio-oil feedstocks F comprising said at least one additive A and blends B comprising bio-oil and said at least one additive A are hydrotreatment and fluid catalytic cracking.Water, also in form of steam, may also be added to lower the viscosity of the feedstock F or blend B for improving the transportability of said feedstock F or blend B in e.g., pipes. Water is more preferably added to feedstock F or blend241300W00117B before feedstock F or blend B is subjected to a partial oxidation or to steam cracking. Said processes are briefly described further below. Water is more preferably added in the form of steam to feedstock F or blend B.In another aspect of the present invention, feedstock F or blend B comprises water which was formed during the manufacture of feedstock F by e.g., pyrolysis or already present in the feedstock F, e.g., in case of bio-oils derived from biomass containing water.In still another aspect of the present invention, feedstock F or blend B is essentially free of water or comprise water only in minor or trace amounts.In still another aspect of the present invention, the at least one additive F or a portion thereof is mixed with said water and the resulting additive A / water mixture or solution is then added to the feedstock F or blend B.Preferably, water is added to said feedstock F or blend B in case said feedstock F or blend B is subjected to a thermal process selected from the group consisting of partial oxidation and steam cracking.The steam-to-carbon weight ratio in partial oxidation (“gasification”) of a feedstock F or blend B can range from about 0.5 to about 2.0, depending on several factors, including the type of feedstock F or blend B, the specific gasification technology (e.g., partial oxidation in an entrained flow gasifier) being employed, and the desired composition of the syngas (= product P of partial oxidation). This means that for every kilogram of carbon present in the feedstock F or blend B, between about 0.5 and about 2.0 kilograms of steam are added to said feedstock F or blend B. The choice of steam-to-carbon ratio is influenced by the specific goals of the gasification process, including the desired syngas composition, the efficiency of the reactor, and the potential for downstream processing.The steam-to-carbon weight ratio in steam cracking of a feedstock F or a blend B ranges from about 0.3 to about 0.7. This means that for every kilogram of carbon present in the feedstock F or blend B, between about 0.3 and about 0.7 kilograms of steam are added to said feedstock F or blend B. The exact ratio can be adjusted based on operational conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and the desired selectivity of products. Higher steam ratios can lead to lower coke deposits and better yields of lighter olefins (= product(s) P of steam cracking) but might also dilute the feedstock F or blend B, which can affect product distribution.The feedstock F or blend B comprising at least one additive A are preferably used as a feedstock for a (successive) thermal process in which said feedstock F or blend B and preferably at least a portion of the at least one additive A are converted into at least one product P. Said thermal process is selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming. Preferred successive thermal processes for plastic waste pyrolysis oil feedstocks F and blends B comprising plastic waste pyrolysis oil are partial oxidation and steam cracking. Preferred successive thermal241300W00118processes for bio-oil feedstocks F comprising said at least one additive A and blends B comprising bio-oil and said at least one additive A are hydrotreatment and fluid catalytic cracking.Accordingly, the method according to the present invention further comprises step:(iii) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A in a thermal process into at least one product P, wherein said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with a steel surface S.Partial oxidation (also known as “gasification”) is a process to produce syngas as product P from a feedstock F or blend B. Syngas is a mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In principle, partial oxidation describes the reaction of hydrocarbons with an amount of oxygen that is insufficient for complete combustion. The process is carried out at elevated pressure, e.g., up to 15 MPa (abs.), and at high temperatures, e.g., between about 800 and about 1600 °C. Preferably, water is added, more preferably in form of steam, to the feedstock F or blend B as described above. Such partial oxidation reactions are known in the art and are for example disclosed in WO 2022 / 200532, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. 16, Chapter: Gas Production, 2. Processes”, pages 443-455, 2012, and the references cited therein.Steam cracking is a widely used petrochemical process that involves the thermal decomposition of a carbonaceous feedstock such as feedstock F or blend B into smaller, lighter molecules, primarily olefins (such as ethylene, propylene, butylene isomers, and butadiene) and other valuable products such as C6-C8 aromatic hydrocarbons and pyrolysis gasoline which are the products P. This process is essential in the production of feedstocks for the chemical industry, particularly for the manufacture of plastics, synthetic rubber, and other chemicals. The process operates at high temperatures, typically between about 750 and about 900 °C, and moderate pressures (approximately 0.1 to 0.5 MPa (abs.)). Water, preferably in form of steam is introduced into the feedstock (as described above) to minimize the formation of coke on the reactor walls and to facilitate the cracking reactions. The cracking reactions occur in a tubular reactor, where the feedstock and steam are rapidly heated. The reactor is designed to provide a high surface area for heat transfer and facilitate the cracking reactions. The residence time in the reactor is short, typically ranging from 0.2 to 1 second, to minimize secondary reactions and maximize olefin yields. Steam cracking processes and steam cracking units are for example described in H. Zimmermann, R. Walzl, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, chapter “Ethylene”, Vol. 13, 2013, pages 469 to 515.Hydrotreatment processes are operated in the presence of purposedly added hydrogen and (usually) at least one catalyst. Hydrotreatment processes include but are not limited to: hydrodechlorination, hydrodenitrification, hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodesulfurization, hydrocracking, hydrogenation of unsaturated C-C bonds, and combinations thereof. Such processes are for example described in “Handbook of Petroleum Processing”, chapter 8 “Hydrotreating”, Eds.: D. J. Jones, P. R. Pujado, Springer, 2008 (e-book: ISBN-13978-1-4020-2820-5).241300W00119Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is a process for converting carbonaceous feedstocks, e.g., high-boiling hydrocarbon fractions of petroleum (crude oils), into lower-boiling hydrocarbon products such as gasoline and light olefins which are the products P. Vacuum gas oils such as heavy (vacuum) gas oil is one of the major FCC feedstocks (initial boiling point of 340 °C or higher at atmospheric pressure). Also, feedstocks F and blends B are suited for this process. In the fluid catalytic cracking process, the feedstock is heated to a high temperature at moderate pressures and contacted with a (typically powdered) catalyst. FCC processes are described, e.g., in G. Alfke et al., Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, chapter “Oil refining”, 2012, and the references cited therein.Coking is a process, typically in connection with an oil refinery, that converts for example refinery distillation residues to low-boiling hydrocarbon gases, naphtha, light and heavy gas oils, and petroleum coke. In the coking process, long chain hydrocarbons are cracked into shorter chain molecules (which are among the products P) while excess carbon is left behind in the form of petroleum coke (“pet coke”, an additional product P). Coking processes include delayed coking, fluid coking, and flexi-coking. Also, feedstocks F and blends B are suited for this process. Such processes are described, e.g., in H. Predel, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, chapter “Petroleum Coke”, 2014, pages 4-12, in G. Alfke et al., Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, chapter “Oil refining”, 2012, and the references cited therein.Catalytic reforming is a petrochemical process employed to convert low-octane feedstocks into high-octane gasoline components by rearranging and restructuring hydrocarbon molecules comprised therein. This process primarily enhances the octane rating of the feedstocks and produces valuable byproducts, such as hydrogen, which can be utilized in other refining processes. Also, feedstocks F and blends B are suited for this process. The reforming reactions are conducted in the presence of a catalyst, often composed of platinum or a combination of platinum and rhenium supported on alumina. The process occurs under high temperature (approximately 500 to 540 °C) and moderate pressure (typically 15 to 30 atm). Reforming reactions include dehydrogenation, isomerization, cyclization and hydrogenation. The products of the reforming process are then cooled and sent to a separation unit, where high-octane reformate (product P) is isolated from byproducts. The reformate may be blended into gasoline or aviation fuels.The at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue can be used for reducing the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, said blend comprising at least one feedstock F, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or a bio-oil. Preferably, the concentration of the at least one additive A in the feedstock F or a blend B ranges from 0.1 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.2 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.5 to 5 wt.-%. Said at least one aliphatic amine and / or derivative thereof are described in detail further above.Waste streams derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste streams comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein, preferably the first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic241300W00120amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other, can be used for reducing the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, said blend comprising at least one feedstock F, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or a bio-oil. Preferably, the concentration of the waste stream derived from the manufacture of an aliphatic amine or derivative thereof in the feedstock F or a blend B ranges from 0.1 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.2 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.5 to 5 wt.-%. Said waste streams and their origin are described in detail further above. Preferably, the “derivative thereof’ is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkanolamines, aliphatic amines comprising at least one ether residue and combinations thereof.The present invention is further illustrated by the following set of embodiments and combinations of embodiments resulting from the dependencies and back-references as indicated. In particular, it is noted that in each instance where a range of embodiments is mentioned, for example in the context of a term such as "The method of any of embodiments 1 to 3", every embodiment in this range is meant to be explicitly disclosed for the skilled person, i.e. the wording of this term is to be understood by the skilled person as being synonymous to "The method of any of embodiments 1 , 2 and 3". Further, it is explicitly noted that the following set of embodiments represents a suitably structured part of the general description directed to preferred aspects of the present invention, and thus, suitably supports the claims of the present invention.1. A feedstock F, which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil,or a blend B comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oils and / or bio-oil and optionally further comprising at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC,said feedstock F or blend B further comprising at least one additive A,wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residueand wherein said bio-oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats.2. The feedstock F or blend B according to embodiment 1, wherein the concentration of the additive A in the feedstock F or the blend B ranges from 0.05 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.1 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.25 to 5wt.-%.3. The feedstock F or blend B according to embodiment 1 or 2 wherein the at least one additive A is a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.4. The feedstock F or blend B according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3 wherein the at least one additive A is a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine241300W00121comprising at least one ether residue, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other, wherein said waste stream is separated in a purification step during said manufacture of said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.5. The feedstock F or blend B according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4 wherein the at least one additive A is a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other, wherein said waste stream is separated in a purification step during said manufacture of said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said purification step is a distillation step, and the waste stream is a fraction formed in said distillation step and / or the remaining distillation bottoms.6. The feedstock F or blend B according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5 wherein said feedstock F further comprises water.7. A method for producing product P with reduced risk of corrosion, comprising the steps(i) providing a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or bio-oil, wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil and optionally at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC,(ii) adding at least one additive A to said feedstock F or said blend B, wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and(iii) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A in a thermal process into at least one product P, wherein said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with a steel surface S,wherein at least a portion of the additive A is converted, optionally in combination with feedstock F or blend B, to said product P,wherein said thermal process in step (iii) is selected from the group consisting of partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming.8. The method according to embodiment 7 wherein the steel surface S comprises a steel material selected from the group consisting of carbon steel and low-alloy steel.241300W001229. The method according to embodiment 7 or 8 wherein the steel surface S is part of a device selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of pipes, tanks, feeding sections for thermal processes, pre-heating sections for thermal processes, nozzles, heat exchangers, evaporators, distillation columns, quenching units, condensation units, gasification islands comprising at least one gasifier, and mixing units.10. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 9 wherein said blend B further comprises a fossilbased feedstock component FFC.11. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 10 wherein said blend B further comprises a fossilbased feedstock component FFC which is selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of heating oils, vacuum residues, vacuum distillation residues, crude oil residues, heavy crude oils, extra heavy crude oils, tar sand bitumen, visbreaker bottom residues, deasphalter bottom residues, C5 asphalthene fraction, high viscous residues, fuel oils, pyrolysis gasolines, waste oils, used oils, natural gas, coal dust, naphtha, light straight-run naphtha, heavy straight-run naphtha, kerosene, gas oils, vacuum gas oils, and combinations thereof.12. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 11 wherein the at least one additive A comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.13. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 12 wherein the at least one additive A comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said waste stream is separated in a purification step during said manufacture of said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.14. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 13 wherein the at least one additive A comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said waste stream is separated in a purification step during said manufacture of said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said purification step is a distillation step, and the waste stream is a fraction formed in241300W00123said distillation step and / or the remaining distillation bottoms and wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.15. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 14 wherein the concentration of the additive A in the feedstock F or said blend B ranges from 0.1 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.2 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.5 to 5 wt.-%.16. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 15 wherein water and / or steam is added to said feedstock F or said blend B.17. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 16 wherein said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with said steel surface S at a temperature of 30 to 500 °C, preferably 50 to 400 °C and more preferably 80 to 350 °C.18. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 17 wherein said thermal process in step (iii) is selected from the group consisting of partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming.19. The method for reducing the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, comprising the steps(i) providing a steel surface S,(ii) providing a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or bio-oil, wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil and optionally at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC,(iii) adding at least one additive A to said feedstock F or said blend B, wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, and(iv) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A in a thermal process into at least one product P, whereby said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with said steel surface S and whereby the corrosion of said steel surface S is reduced when being contacted with said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A.20. The method according to embodiment 19 wherein the steel surface S comprises a steel material selected from the group consisting of carbon steel and low-alloy steel.21. The method according to embodiment 19 or 20 wherein the steel surface S is part of a device selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of pipes, tanks, feeding sections for thermal processes, pre-241300W00124heating sections for thermal processes, nozzles, heat exchangers, evaporators, distillation columns, quenching units, condensation units, gasification islands comprising at least one gasifier, and mixing units.22. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 21 wherein said blend B further comprises a fossilbased feedstock component FFC.23. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 22 wherein said blend B further comprises a fossilbased feedstock component FFC which is selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of heating oils, vacuum residues, vacuum distillation residues, crude oil residues, heavy crude oils, extra heavy crude oils, tar sand bitumen, visbreaker bottom residues, deasphalter bottom residues, C5 asphalthene fraction, high viscous residues, fuel oils, pyrolysis gasolines, waste oils, used oils, natural gas, coal dust, naphtha, light straight-run naphtha, heavy straight-run naphtha, kerosene, gas oils, vacuum gas oils, and combinations thereof.24. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 23 wherein the at least one additive A comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.25. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 24 wherein the at least one additive A comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of an aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said waste stream is separated in a purification step during said manufacture of an aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.26. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 25 wherein the at least one additive A comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said waste stream is separated in a purification step during said manufacture of an aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said purification step is a distillation step, and the waste stream is a fraction formed in said distillation step and / or the remaining distillation bottoms, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.241300W0012527. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 26 wherein the concentration of the additive A in the feedstock F or said blend B ranges from 0.1 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.2 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.5 to 5 wt.-%.28. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 27 wherein water and / or steam is added to said feedstock F or said blend B.29. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 28 wherein said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with said steel surface S at a temperature of 30 to 500 °C, preferably 50 to 400 °C and more preferably 80 to 350 °C.30. The method according to any one of embodiments 19 to 29 wherein said thermal process in step (v) is selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming.31. The method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 30, comprising the step:- converting the product P obtainable by or obtained by the method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 30 or a chemical material obtainable by or obtained by the method according to any one of embodiments 7 to 30 to obtain a product PRF1.32. The method according to embodiment 31, wherein the product PRF1 is selected from:i) building block or monomer; orii) polymer, preferably polymer A, polymer composition, preferably polymer composition A, or polymer product, preferably polymer product A; orHi) industrial use polymer, industrial use surfactant, descaling compound, industrial use biocide, industrial use solvent, industrial use dispersant, composition thereof or formulation thereof; oriv) agrochemical composition, agrochemical formulation auxiliary or agrochemically active ingredient; or v) active pharmaceutical ingredient or intermediate thereof, pharmaceutical excipient, animal feed additive, human food additive, dietary supplements, aroma chemical or aroma composition; orvi) aqueous polymer dispersion, preferably polyurethane or polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer dispersion, emulsion, binder for paper and fiber coatings, UV-curable acrylic polymer for hot melts and coatings polyisocyanates, hyperbranched polyester polyol, polymeric dispersant for inorganic binder compositions, unsaturated polyester polyol or 100% curable composition; orvii) cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter, further cosmetic ingredient or composition or formulation thereof; orviii) polymer B, polymer composition B, coating composition, other functional composition, foil, molded body, coating or coated substrate.241300W0012633. The method according to embodiments 31 or 32, wherein the content of the product P in the product PRF1 is 1 wt.-% or more, preferably 2 wt.-% or more, more preferably 5 wt.-% or more, more preferably 15 wt.-% or more, more preferably 30 wt.-% or more, more preferably 40 wt.-% or more, more preferably 60 wt.-% or more, more preferably 80 wt.-% or more, more preferably 90 wt.-% or more, more preferably 95 wt.-% or more; and / or wherein the content of the product P in the product PRF1 is 100 wt.-% or less, preferably 95 wt.-% or less, more preferably 90 wt.-% or less, more preferably 50 wt.-% or less, more preferably 25 wt.-% or less, more preferably 10 wt.-% or less; and preferably wherein the content is determined based on identity preservation and / or segregation and / or mass balance and / or book and claim chain of custody models, preferably based on mass balance, preferably the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) standard.35. A process to manufacture at least one chemical product CP with high carbon efficiency, the process comprising the stepsa) manufacturing a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue from a feedstock F0, whereby a waste stream WS is produced, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue,b) providing a feedstock F, which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil,or a blend B comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or bio-oil and optionally further comprising at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC, wherein said bio-oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats,c) adding at least a portion of said waste stream WS to said feedstock F or said Blend B,d) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising at least a portion of said waste stream WS by a thermal process into a product P, ande) manufacturing a chemical product CP from at least a portion of said product P36. Process according to embodiment 35 wherein said chemical product CP is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.37. Use of at least one additive A, said at least one additive A comprising at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue for reducing the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil, and wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil.38. Use according to embodiment 37 wherein the concentration of said at least one additive A in the feedstock F or blend B ranges from 0.1 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.2 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.5 to 5 wt.-%.241300W0012739. Use of a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, for reducing the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil, and wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil.40. Use according to embodiment 39 wherein the concentration of said waste stream in the feedstock F or a blend B ranges from 0.1 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.2 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.5 to 5 wt.-%.The publication Prior Art Disclosure; Issue 684; paragraphs

[1000] to

[8005] ; ISSN: 2198-4786; published: February 12, 2024 will be regarded as Reference RF1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Preferably, the product PRF1 is a product as described in Reference RF1; paragraphs

[1000] to

[8005] , Preferably, the method described herein is further a method for the production of a product, preferably product PRF1.The converting step to obtain the product PRF1 preferably comprises one or more step(s) as described below and can be performed by conventional methods well known to a person skilled in the art. The converting step preferably comprises one or more step(s) selected from: recycling, preferably depolymerizing, gasifying, pyrolyzing, and / or steam cracking; and / or purifying, preferably crystallizing, (solvent) extracting, distilling, evaporating, hydrotreating, absorbing, adsorbing and / or subjecting to ion exchanger; and / or assembling, preferably foaming, synthesizing, chemical conversion, chemically transforming, polymerizing and / or compounding; and / or forming, preferably foaming, extruding and / or molding; and / or finishing, preferably coating and / or smoothing. In addition, the one or more step(s) are described in detail in Reference RF1; paragraphs

[1000] to

[8005] ,The term “building block”, as used herein, comprises compounds, which are in a gaseous or liquid state under standard conditions of 0 °C and 0.1 MPa. Building blocks are typically used in chemical industry to form secondary products, which provide a higher structural complexity and / or higher molecular weight than the building block on which the secondary product is based. The building block is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycols, syngas comprising a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic compounds. The alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic compounds comprise in particular 1 to 12 carbon atoms, respectively.The term “monomer”, as used herein, comprises molecules, which can react with each other to form polymer chains by polymerization. The monomer is preferably selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid, salts of (meth)acry I ic acid; in particular sodium, potassium and zinc salts; (meth)acrolein and (meth)acrylates.(Meth)acrylates comprising 1 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred, in particular comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The terms (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylate relate to acrylic acid, acrolein or acrylate and also to241300W00128methacrylic acid, methacrolein or methacrylate, where applicable. Further, the monomer can be selected from hexamethylenediamine (HMD) and adipic acid.The building block can further be an intermediate compound. The term “intermediate compound”, as used herein, comprises organic reagents, which are applied for formation of compounds with higher molecular complexity. The intermediate compound can be selected for example from the group consisting of phosgene, polyisocyanates and propylene oxide. The polyisocyanates are in particular aromatic di- and polyisocyanates, preferably toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and / or diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI).The building block and the monomer and typical converting step(s) to obtain the building block or monomer are described in more detail in paragraphs

[1000] to

[1012] of Reference RF1. The term “polymer A”, as used herein, comprises thermoplastic, e.g., polyamide or thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoset, e.g., polyurethane, elastomer, e.g., polybutadiene, or a copolymer or a mixture thereof and is defined in more detail in paragraphs

[2001] to

[2007] of Reference RF1. The term “polymer composition A”, as used herein, comprises all compositions comprising a polymer as described above and one or more additive(s), e.g. reinforcement, colorant, modifier and / or flame retardant, and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[2008] of Reference RF1. The term “polymer product A”, as used herein, comprises any product comprising the polymer A and / or polymer composition A as described above and is defined in more detail in paragraphs

[2009] and

[2010] of Reference RF1. The step(s) to obtain the polymer, preferably polymer A, polymer composition, preferably polymer composition A or polymer product, preferably polymer product A is / are described in more detail in paragraph

[2011] of Reference RF1.The term “industrial use polymer'1, as used herein, comprises rheology, polycarboxylate, alkoxylated polyalkylenamine, alkoxylated polyalkylenimine, polyether-based, dye inhibition and soil release cleaning polymers defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3035] to

[3044] of Reference RF1. The term “industrial use surfactant”, as used herein, comprises non-ionic, anionic and amphoteric industrial use surfactants defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3008] to

[3034] of Reference RF1. The term “industrial use descaling compound”, as used herein, comprises nonphosphate based builders (NPB) and phosphonates (CoP) described in more detail in paragraphs

[3001] to

[3005] of Reference RF1. The term “industrial use biocide”, as used herein, refers to a chemical compound that kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth or reproduction defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3006] to

[3007] of Reference RF1. The term “industrial use solvent”, as used herein, comprises alkyl amides, alkyl lactamides, alkyl esters, lactate esters, alkyl diester, cyclic alkyl diester, cyclic carbonates, aromatic aldehydes and aromatic esters defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3045] to

[3055] of Reference RF1. The term “industrial use dispersant1, as used herein, comprises anionic and non-ionic industrial use dispersants defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3056] to

[3058] of Reference RF1. The term “composition and / or formulation thereof” with reference to the industrial use polymers, industrial use surfactants, descaling compounds and / or industrial use biocides refers to industrial use compositions and / or institutional use products and / or fabric and home care products and / or personal care products defined in more detail in paragraph

[3059] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the industrial use polymer, industrial use surfactant, descaling compound and / or industrial use biocide are defined in more detail in241300W00129paragraph

[3060] of Reference RF1. The converting steps to obtain the industrial use composition or formulation of the industrial use polymer, industrial use surfactant, descaling compound and / or industrial use biocide are defined in more detail in paragraph

[3061] of Reference RF1.The term “agrochemical composition”, as used herein, typically relates to a composition comprising an agrochemically active ingredient and at least one agrochemical formulation auxiliary. Examples of agrochemical compositions, active ingredients and auxiliaries are described in more detail in Reference RF1, paragraph

[4001] ,The agrochemical composition may take the form of any customary formulation. The agrochemical compositions are prepared in a known manner, e.g. described by Mollet and Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005. The converting step(s) to obtain the agrochemically active ingredients and auxiliaries may be conducted in analogy to the production step(s) of their analogues that are based on petrochemicals or other precursors that are not gained by recycling processes. In addition, conversion to compounds mentioned in sections “Polymer'’ and “Cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter, further cosmetic ingredient or compositions or formulations thereof” may be performed as described in these sections as well as the respective paragraphs in Reference RF1.The term active pharmaceutical ingredients and / or intermediates thereof, as used herein, comprises substances that provide pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or to affect the structure or any function of the body. Intermediates thereof are isolated products that are generated during a multi-step route of synthesis of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. The term pharmaceutical excipients, as used herein, comprises compounds or compound mixtures used in compositions for various pharmaceutical applications, which are not substantially pharmaceutically active on itself. Active pharmaceutical ingredients and / or intermediates thereof and pharmaceutical excipients are defined in more detail in paragraph

[5001] of Reference RF1.The converting step(s) to obtain the active pharmaceutical ingredients and / or intermediates thereof and pharmaceutical excipients may comprise one or more synthesis steps and can be performed by conventional synthesis and techniques well known to a person skilled in the art.The terms animal feed additives, human food additives, dietary supplements, as used herein, comprises Vitamins, Pro-Vitamins and active metabolites thereof including intermediates and precursors, especially Vitamin A, B, E, D, K and esters thereof, like acetate, propionate, palmitate esters or alcohols thereof like retinol or salts thereof and any combinations thereof; Tetraterpenes, especially isoprenoids like carotenoids and xanthophylls including their intermediates and precursors as well as mixtures and derivates thereof, especially beta carotene, Canthaxanthin, Citranaxanthin, Astaxanthin, Zeaxanthin, Lutein, Lycopene, Apo-carotenoids, and any combinations thereof; organic acids, especially formic acid, propionic acid and salts thereof, such as sodium, calcium or ammonium salts, and any241300W00130combinations thereof, such as but not limited to mixtures of formic acid and sodium formiate, propionic acid and ammonium propionate, formic acid and propionic acid, formic acid and sodium formiate and propionic acid, propionic acid and sodium propionate and formic acid and sodium formiate; glycerides of carboxylic acids and short and medium chain fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids, such as omega-6 fatty acid (C18:2) methyl ester and 1,2-propandiol and beverage stabilizers, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone-polymer or polyvinyl i m idazole / polyvi nylpyrrol idone-copolymer. Animal feed additives, human food additives and dietary supplements are defined in more detail in paragraph

[5002] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the animal feed additives, human food additives, dietary supplements may comprise one or more synthesis steps and can be performed by conventional synthesis and techniques well known to a person skilled in the art.The terms aroma chemical and aroma composition as used herein, comprise a volatile organic substance with a molecular weight between 70-250 g / mol comprising a functional group with a carbon skeleton of C5-C16 carbon atoms comprising linear, branched, cyclic, for example with a ring size of C5-C18, bicyclic or tricyclic aliphatic chains and but not necessarily one or more unsaturated structural elements like double bonds, triple bonds, aromatics or heteroaromatics and preferably the one or more additional functional groups are selected from alcohol, ether, ester, ketone, aldehyde, acetal, carboxylic acid, nitrile, thiol, amine. In one aspect, the aroma chemical is a terpene-based aroma chemical, for example selected from monoterpenes and monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids, diterpenes, triterpenes or tetraterpenes. Aroma chemicals can be combined with further aroma chemicals to give an aroma composition. Aroma chemicals and aroma compositions are defined in more detail in paragraph

[5003] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the aroma chemical and aroma composition may comprise one or more synthesis steps and can be performed by conventional synthesis and techniques well known to a person skilled in the art.The term “aqueous polymer dispersion”, as used herein, comprises aqueous composition(s) comprising dispersed polymer(s) and is defined in more detail in the section

[6001] entitled “aqueous polymer dispersion” of Reference RF1. The dispersed polymer(s) may be selected from acrylic emulsion polymer(s), styrene acrylic emulsion polymer(s), styrene butadiene dispersion(s), aqueous dispersion(s) comprising composite particles, acrylate alkyd hybrid dispersion(s), polyurethane(s) (including UV-curable polyurethanes) and polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer(s). The term “emulsion polymer”, as used herein, comprises polymer(s) made by free-radical emulsion polymerization. Aqueous polyurethane dispersion(s) are defined in more detail in the section

[6002] entitled “Polyurethane dispersions” of Reference RF1. UV-curable polyurethane(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6017] of Reference RF1. Polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6016] of Reference RF1. The term “polymeric dispersant”, as used herein, comprises preferably polymer(s) comprising polyether side chain, in particular polycarboxylate ether polymer(s) and polycondensation product(s) defined in more detail in paragraph

[6020] entitled “Polymeric dispersant” of Reference RF1. The converting (polymerization) step(s) to obtain the aqueous polymer dispersion(s) comprising emulsion polymer(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6003] entitled “Emulsion polymerization” of Reference RF1.241300W00131The converting (polymerization) step(s) to obtain the aqueous polyurethane dispersion(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6014] entitled “Process for the preparation of aqueous polyurethane dispersions” and section

[6017] entitled “Aqueous UV-curable polyurethane dispersions, their preparation and use and compositions containing them” of Reference RF1. Composition(s) and uses of aqueous polymer dispersion(s) and of polymeric dispersant(s) are defined in more detail in the following sections of Reference RF1: section

[6004] entitled “Uses of aqueous polymer dispersions”, section

[6005] entitled “Binders for architectural and construction coatings”, section

[6006] entitled “Binders for paper coating”, section

[6007] entitled “Binders for fiber bonding”, section

[6008] entitled “Adhesive polymers and adhesive compositions”, section

[6015] entitled “Aqueous polyurethane dispersions suitable for use in coating compositions”, section

[6016] entitled “Aqueous polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer dispersions suitable for use in coating compositions”, section

[6017] entitled “Aqueous UV-curable polyurethane dispersions, their preparation and use and compositions containing them”, section

[6018] entitled “Inorganic binder compositions comprising polymeric dispersants and their use”

[6019] 100% curable coating compositions.UV-crosslinkable poly(meth)acrylate(s) and its / their uses are defined in more detail in section

[6009] entitled “UV-crosslinkable poly(meth)acrylates for use in UV-curable solvent-free hotmelt adhesives and their use for making pressure-sensitive self-adhesive articles” of Reference RF1.Polyisocyanate(s), composition(s) comprising them and their uses are defined in more detail in section

[6010] entitled “Polyisocyanates” of Reference RF1.Hyperbranched polyester polyol(s) and its / their uses are defined in more detail in section

[6011] entitled “Organic solvent based hyperbranched polyester polyols suitable for use in coating compositions” of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the hyperbranched polyester polyols is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6012] entitled “Preparation of organic solvent based hyperbranched polyester polyols” of Reference RF1. Coating composition(s) comprising hyperbranched polyester polyol(s), polyisocyanate(s) and additive(s) and substrate(s) coated therewith are defined in more detail in section

[6013] entitled “Organic solvent based two component coating compositions comprising hyperbranched polyester polyols and polyisocyanates” of Reference RF1.Unsaturated polyester polyol(s), solvent-based coating composition(s) comprising said unsaturated polyester polyol(s) and substrate(s) for coating with said coating composition(s) are defined in more detail in section

[6018] entitled “Organic solvent-based coating composition comprising unsaturated polyester polyols” of Reference RF1.100% curable coating composition(s) is / are defined in more detail in section

[6019] of Reference RF1.Polymeric dispersant(s) for inorganic binder compositions is / are defined in more detail in section

[6020] of Reference RF1. The inorganic binder composition(s) comprising the polymeric dispersants and their use are defined in more detail in section

[6021] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the polymeric dispersant(s) are defined in more detail in section

[6020] of Reference RF1. The term “inorganic binder composition” comprising the polymeric dispersant(s), as used herein, comprises preferably in particular hydraulically setting compositions and compositions241300W00132comprising calcium sulfate and is defined in more detail in section

[6021] of Reference RF1 entitled “Inorganic binder compositions comprising the polymeric dispersant and their use”. Specific building material formulation(s) comprising polymeric dispersant(s) or building product(s) produced by a building material formulation comprising a polymeric dispersant are disclosed in more detail in section

[6021] of Reference RF1.The term “cosmetic surfactant”, as used herein, comprises non-ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7002] of Reference RF1. The term “emollient”, as used herein, refers to a chemical compound used for protecting, moisturizing, and / or lubricating the skin and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7003] of Reference RF1. The term “wax”, as used herein, comprises pearlizers and opacifiers and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7004] of Reference RF1. The term “cosmetic polymer”, as used herein, comprises any polymer that can be used as an ingredient in a cosmetic formulation and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7005] of Reference RF1. The term “UV filter”, as used herein, refers to a chemical compound that blocks or absorbs ultraviolet light and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7006] of Reference RF1. The term “further cosmetic ingredient”, as used herein, comprises any ingredient suitable for making a cosmetic formulation. Several sources disclose cosmetically acceptable ingredients. E. g. the database Cosing on the internet pages of the European Commission discloses cosmetic ingredients and the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, edited by the Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), discloses cosmetic ingredients. The term “composition and / or formulation thereof’ with reference to the cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter and / or further cosmetic ingredient refers to personal care and / or cosmetic compositions or formulations defined in more detail in paragraph

[7007] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter or further cosmetic ingredient is / are defined in more detail in paragraph

[7008] of Reference RF1.The terms “polymer B”, “polymer composition B”, “coating composition”, “other functional composition”, “foil”, “molded body”, “coating” and “coated substrate” are well known to the person skilled in the art and are defined in more detail from paragraph

[8000] to

[8005] of Reference RF1.The invention will be further explained by the following non-limiting examples.ExamplesThe corrosion of specimen made of 1.0425 carbon steel in contact with a feedstock F was tested. Tests were conducted with and without an additive A comprising at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue. The linear corrosion of the specimen was determined after the respective test by immersion corrosion. Tests according to ASTM G31-72 (2004) were carried out in the laboratory with glass flasks connected to reflux condensers: a feedstock F was tested at T = 80 °C and atmospheric pressure for four test periods of seven days each, with exchange of the respective feedstock F every 7 days. Approx. 5000 ppm of demineralized water was added to the respective feedstock F prior to testing. Standard corrosion coupons made of carbon steel 1.0425, having a size of 50 x 20 x 2 mm and comprising a welding seam were used. Said coupons were241300W00133mounted in glass flasks filled with the respective feedstock F. The remaining volume of the glass flasks was filled with N2. The respective feedstock F was not agitated during the corrosion tests. The metal coupons were analyzed after said four test periods by weight loss measurements (from which a linear corrosion rate was calculated according to ASTM G31-72 (2004), chapter 11) and visually inspected with a microscope for investigating pitting corrosion.Example 1Specimen made of 1.0425 carbon steel were contacted with pyrolysis oil manufactured by pyrolysis of end-of-life tire (“TPO”) as feedstock F under the conditions described above. The results of the overall corrosion test (based on “linear corrosion per year” and rated as “+” or for “corrosion inhibition acceptable” and “corrosion inhibition not acceptable”, respectively) are summarized in table 1. Furthermore, pitting corrosion was rated “+” (no pitting corrosion or acceptable amount of pitting corrosion) or (severe pitting corrosion which is not acceptable).Table 1: results from Example 1.(Reach registration No.: 01-2120892223-54-0000) and Amix DA5 (CAS-No. 1704-62-7); all these additives A are waste streams from manufacture of aliphatic amines, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and each waste stream comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.The results presented in table 1 show that the addition of at least one additive A, particularly waste streams derived from the manufacture of aliphatic amines, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste streams comprising at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, to a feedstock F, result in an overall corrosion inhibition and reduced pitting corrosion of steel surfaces S in comparison with the same feedstock F not comprising at least one additive A.Example 2Specimen made of 1.0425 carbon steel were contacted with a pyrolysis oil manufactured by pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste (“oil 1 ”) and a bio-oil (used cooking oil) (“oil2”) as feedstock F, respectively, under the conditions241300W00134described above. The results of the corrosion test (rated as “+” or for “corrosion inhibition acceptable” and “corrosion inhibition not acceptable”) are summarized in table 2. Furthermore, pitting corrosion was rated “+” (no pitting corrosion or acceptable amount of pitting corrosion) or (severe pitting corrosion which is not acceptable).Table 2: results from Example 2.The results presented in table 2 show that the addition of at least one additive A derived from the manufacture of an aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste streams comprising at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, to a feedstock F result in an overall corrosion inhibition and reduced pitting corrosion of a steel surfaces S when compared with the same feedstock F not comprising at least one additive A. This effect also applies to pyrolysis oils manufactured by pyrolysis from mixed plastic waste (“oil 1”) and bio-oils (“oil 2”) as shown here.

Claims

241300W00135Claims1. A feedstock F, which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil,or a blend B comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oils and / or bio-oil and optionally further comprising at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC,said feedstock F or blend B further comprising at least one additive A,wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residueand wherein said bio-oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats.

2. The feedstock F or blend B according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the additive A in the feedstock F or the blend B ranges from 0.05 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.1 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.25 to 5 wt.-%.

3. The feedstock F or blend B according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the at least one additive A is a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each other.

4. The feedstock F or blend B according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said feedstock F or blend B further comprises water.

5. A method for producing product P with reduced risk of corrosion, comprising the steps(i) providing a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or bio-oil, wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil and optionally at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC, and(ii) adding at least one additive A to said feedstock F or said blend B, wherein said at least one additive A comprises at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and(iii) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A in a thermal process into at least one product P, wherein said feedstock F or said blend B comprising said at least one additive A is contacted with a steel surface S,wherein at least a portion of the additive A is converted, optionally in combination with feedstock F or blend B, to said product P„wherein said thermal process in step (iii) is selected from the group consisting of partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking, and catalytic reforming.241300W001366. The method according to claim 5 wherein the steel surface S comprises a steel material selected from the group consisting of carbon steels and low-alloy steels.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6 wherein said blend B further comprises a fossil-based feedstock component FFC which is selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of heating oils, vacuum residues, vacuum distillation residues, crude oil residues, heavy crude oils, extra heavy crude oils, tar sand bitumen, visbreaker bottom residues, deasphalter bottom residues, C5 asphaltene fraction, high viscous residues, fuel oils, pyrolysis gasolines, waste oils, used oils, natural gas, coal dust, naphtha, light straight-run naphtha, heavy straight-run naphtha, kerosene, gas oils, vacuum gas oils, and combinations thereof.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 wherein the at least one additive A comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue is or comprises a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 wherein the concentration of the additive A in the feedstock F or said blend B ranges from 0.1 to 10 wt.-%, preferably 0.2 to 7.5 wt.-% and most preferably 0.5 to 5 wt.-%.

10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 wherein said at least one product P is converted by one or more chemical process into a chemical product CP.

11. The method according to claim 10 wherein said chemical product CP is selected from the group consisting of said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11 wherein said thermal process in step (iii) is selected from the group comprising or preferably consisting of partial oxidation, steam cracking, hydrotreatment, fluid catalytic cracking, coking and catalytic reforming, more preferably consisting of partial oxidation and steam cracking.

13. A process to manufacture at least one chemical product CP with high carbon efficiency, the process comprising the stepsa) manufacturing a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue from a feedstock F0, whereby a waste stream WS is produced, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue,241300W00137b) providing a feedstock F, which is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil,or a blend B comprising at least one plastic waste pyrolysis oil and / or bio-oil and optionally further comprising at least one fossil-based feedstock component FFC, wherein said bio-oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils and processing residues thereof, used cooking oil, tall oil, and animal fats,c) adding at least a portion of said waste stream WS to said feedstock F or said Blend B,d) converting said feedstock F or said blend B comprising at least a portion of said waste stream WS by a thermal process into a product P, ande) manufacturing a chemical product CP from at least a portion of said product P.

14. Process according to claim 13 wherein said chemical product CP is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue.

15. Use of a waste stream derived from the manufacture of a first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue, said waste stream comprising at least one second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue,wherein said first aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue and said second aliphatic amine, alkanolamine, or aliphatic amine comprising at least one ether residue are different from each,for reducing the corrosivity of a feedstock F or a blend B, wherein said feedstock F is a plastic waste pyrolysis oil or a bio-oil, and wherein said blend B comprises at least one plastic pyrolysis oil and / or at least one bio-oil.

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