Signaling design for TCI in FD systems

Abstract

A device such as a user equipment, UE, is configured for operating in a wireless communication network. The device comprises: a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network and a control unit for being configurable with a set of transmission configuration indication, TCI, states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols. For using a full duplex, FD, symbol, the device is to use a TCI state of the set of TCI states and to configure the wireless interface accordingly.

Description

[0001] 25006 / 2025F68049 1

[0002] SIGNALING DESIGN FOR TCI IN FD SYSTEMS

[0003] Description

[0004] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of wireless communication, and more specifically, to signal processing used for the wireless communication. Some embodiments relate to providing a low physical layer, PHY, flexible radio link.

[0005] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an example of a terrestrial wireless network 100 including, as is shown in Fig. 1(a), a core network 102 and one or more radio access networks RAN1, RAN2, …RANN. Fig. 1(b) is a schematic representation of an example of a radio access network RANnthat may include one or more base stations gNB1to gNB5, each serving a specific area surrounding the base station schematically represented by respective cells 1061to 1065. The base stations are provided to serve users within a cell. The term base station, BS, refers to a gNB in 5G networks, an eNB in UMTS / LTE / LTE-A / LTE-A Pro, or just a BS in other mobile communication standards, including 6G networks. A user may be a stationary device or a mobile device. The wireless communication system may also be accessed by mobile or stationary IoT devices which connect to a base station or to a user. The mobile devices or the IoT devices may include physical devices, ground based vehicles, such as robots or cars, aerial vehicles, such as manned or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the latter also referred to as drones, buildings and other items or devices having embedded therein electronics, software, sensors, actuators, or the like as well as network connectivity that enables these devices to collect and exchange data across an existing network infrastructure.

[0006] Fig. 1(b) shows an exemplary view of five cells, however, the RANnmay include more or less such cells, and RANnmay also include only one base station. Fig. 1(b) shows two users UE1 and UE2, also referred to as user equipment, UE, that are in cell 1062and that are served by base station gNB2. Another user UE3is shown in cell 1064which is served by base station gNB4. The arrows 1081, 1082and 1083schematically represent uplink / downlink connections for transmitting data from a user UE1, UE2 and UE3 to the base stations gNB2, gNB4 or for transmitting data from the base stations gNB2, gNB4 to the users UE1, UE2, UE3. Further,

[0007] Fig. 1(b) shows two IoT devices 1101and 1102in cell 1064, which may be stationary or mobile devices. The IoT device 1101accesses the wireless communication system via the base station gNB4to receive and transmit data as schematically represented by arrow 1121. The IoT

[0008] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 2

[0009] device 1102accesses the wireless communication system via the user UE3as is schematically represented by arrow 1122. The respective base station gNB1to gNB5may be connected to the core network 102, e.g., via the S1 interface, via respective backhaul links 1141to 1145, which are schematically represented in Fig. 1(b) by the arrows pointing to “core”. The core network 102 may be connected to one or more external networks. Further, some or all of the respective base station gNB1to gNB5may connected, e.g., via the S1 or X2 interface or the XN interface in NR, with each other via respective backhaul links 1161to 1165, which are schematically represented in Fig. 1(b) by the arrows pointing to “gNBs”. Embodiments described herein are not limited to terrestrial networks, TNs, but relate also to networks being implemented, at least in parts, as non-terrestrial network, NTN, as shown in Fig. 1 with reference to a satellite S1that may operate, for example, to bridge communication between different base stations, to serve one or more UE and / or a cell on the ground, e.g., as a nonterrestrial base station, to communicate with a different satellite.

[0010] For data transmission a physical resource grid may be used. The physical resource grid may comprise a set of resource elements to which various physical channels and physical signals are mapped. For example, the physical channels may include the physical downlink, uplink and sidelink shared channels (PDSCH, PUSCH, PSSCH) carrying user specific data, also referred to as downlink, uplink and sidelink payload data, the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying for example a master information block (MIB), the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying for example a system information block (SIB), the physical downlink, uplink and sidelink control channels (PDCCH, PUCCH, PSSCH) carrying for example the downlink control information (DCI), the uplink control information (UCI) and the sidelink control information (SCI). For sidelink, the control channel may be split into a 1st-stage SCI and a 2nd-stage SCI. A device may only decode the 2nd-stage SCI if indicated within the 1st-stage, e.g., to enhance power saving by performing less decoding. For the uplink, the physical channels, or more precisely the transport channels according to 3GPP, may further include the physical random access channel (PRACH or RACH) used by UEs for accessing the network once a UE is synchronized and has obtained the MIB and SIB. The physical signals may comprise reference signals or symbols (RS), synchronization signals and the like. The resource grid may comprise a frame or radio frame having a certain duration in the time domain and having a given bandwidth in the frequency domain. The frame may have a certain number of subframes of a predefined length, e.g., 1 ms. Each subframe may include one or more slots of 12 or 14 OFDM symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP) length. All OFDM symbols may be used for DL or UL or only a subset, e.g., when utilizing shortened transmission time intervals (sTTI) or a mini-slot / non-slot-based frame structure comprising just a few OFDM symbols.

[0011] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 3

[0012] The wireless communication system may be any single-tone or multicarrier system using frequency-division multiplexing, like the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system, or any other IFFT-based signal with or without CP, e.g., DFT-s-OFDM or single-carrier FDMA (SCFDMA). Other waveforms, like non-orthogonal waveforms for multiple access, e.g., filter-bank multicarrier (FBMC), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) or universal filtered multi carrier (UFMC), may be used. The wireless communication system may operate, e.g., in accordance with the LTE-Advanced pro standard or the NR (5G), New Radio, standard.

[0013] The wireless network or communication system 100 depicted in Fig. 1 may by a heterogeneous network having distinct overlaid networks, e.g., a network of macro cells with each macro cell including a macro base station, like base station gNBi to gNBs, and a network of small cell base stations (not shown in Fig. 1), like femto or pico base stations.

[0014] In addition to the above described terrestrial wireless network also non-terrestrial wireless communication networks exist including spaceborne transceivers, like satellites, and / or airborne transceivers, like unmanned aircraft systems. The non-terrestrial wireless communication network or system may operate in a similar way as the terrestrial system described above with reference to Fig. 1, for example in accordance with the LTE-Advanced Pro standard or the NR (5G), new radio, standard.

[0015] In mobile communication networks, for example in a network like that described above with reference to Fig. 1, like an LTE or 5G / NR network, there may be UEs that communicate directly with each other over one or more sidelink (SL) channels, e.g., using the PC5 interface. UEs that communicate directly with each other over the sidelink may include vehicles communicating directly with other vehicles (V2V communication), vehicles communicating with other entities of the wireless communication network (V2X communication), for example roadside entities, like traffic lights, traffic signs, or pedestrians. Other UEs may not be vehicular related UEs and may comprise any of the above-mentioned devices. Such devices may also communicate directly with each other (D2D communication) using the SL channels.

[0016] When considering two UEs directly communicating with each other over the sidelink, both UEs may be served by the same base station so that the base station may provide sidelink resource allocation configuration or assistance for the UEs. For example, both UEs may be within the coverage area of a base station, like one of the base stations depicted in Fig. 1. This is referred to as an “in-coverage” scenario. Another scenario is referred to as an “out-of-coverage”

[0017] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 4

[0018] scenario. It is noted that “out-of-coverage” does not mean that the two UEs are not within one of the cells depicted in Fig. 1, rather, it means that these UEs

[0019] may not be connected to a base station, for example, they are not in an RRC connected state, so that the UEs do not receive from the base station any sidelink resource allocation configuration or assistance, and / or

[0020] may be connected to the base station, but, for one or more reasons, the base station may not provide sidelink resource allocation configuration or assistance for the UEs, and / or

[0021] may be connected to the base station that may not support NR V2X services, e.g., GSM, UMTS, LTE base stations.

[0022] When considering two UEs directly communicating with each other over the sidelink, e.g., using the PC5 interface, one of the UEs may also be connected with a BS, and may relay information from the BS to the other UE via the sidelink interface. The relaying may be performed in the same frequency band (in-band-relay) or another frequency band (out-of-band relay) may be used. In the first case, communication on the Uu and on the sidelink may be decoupled using different time slots as in time division duplex, TDD, systems.

[0023] In an in-coverage scenario in which two UEs directly communicating with each other are both connected to a base station, the base station gNB has a coverage area which, basically, corresponds to the cell schematically represented in Fig. 1. The UEs directly communicating with each other may be both in the coverage area of the base station gNB. Both UEs are possibly connected to the base station gNB and, in addition, they are connected directly with each other over the PC5 interface. The scheduling and / or interference management of the V2V traffic is assisted by the gNB via control signalling over the Uu interface, which is the radio interface between the base station and the UEs. In other words, the gNB provides SL resource allocation configuration or assistance for the UEs, and the gNB assigns the resources to be used for the V2V communication over the sidelink. This configuration is also referred to as a mode 1 configuration in NR V2X or as a mode 3 configuration in LTE V2X.

[0024] In an out-of-coverage scenario in which the UEs directly communicating with each other are either not connected to a base station, although they may be physically within a cell of a wireless communication network, or some or all of the UEs directly communicating with each other are to a base station but the base station does not provide for the SL resource allocation configuration or assistance. UEs may directly communicate with each other over a sidelink, e.g., using the PC5 interface. The scheduling and / or interference management of the V2V traffic is based on algorithms implemented between the vehicles. This configuration is also

[0025] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 5

[0026] referred to as a mode 2 configuration in NR V2X or as a mode 4 configuration in LTE V2X. As mentioned above, the out-of-coverage scenario does not necessarily mean that the respective mode 2 UEs (in NR) or mode 4 UEs (in LTE) are outside of the coverage of a base station, rather, it means that the respective mode 2 UEs (in NR) or mode 4 UEs (in LTE) are not served by a base station, are not connected to the base station of the coverage area, or are connected to the base station but receive no SL resource allocation configuration or assistance from the base station. Thus, there may be situations in which, within the coverage area, in addition to the NR mode 1 or LTE mode 3 UEs also NR mode 2 or LTE mode 4 UEs are present.

[0027] Naturally, it is also possible that one of the UEs is covered by the gNB, i.e. connected with Uu to the gNB, wherein the second UE is not covered by the gNB and only connected via the PC5 interface to the first UE, or that the second vehicle is connected via the PC5 interface to the first vehicle UE but via Uu to another gNB.

[0028] With an increase of an amount of communication and with an increase of mobility stable and reliable communication using transmission reception points is an important issue for wireless communication.

[0029] There is, thus, a need to improve wireless communications.

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are based on the finding that a device advantageously selects a proper transmission configuration indication, TCI state form a set of TCI states in accordance with an operation in full duplex, in particular when using full duplex, FD, symbols such as subband FD, SBFD, symbols.

[0031] A further recognition of embodiments is, that a TCI framework may be used to indicate waveform configuration used for transmitting a wireless signal to allow deriving a configuration to enhance reception and / or transmission of such a signal.

[0032] It is noted that the information in the above section is only for enhancing the understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form prior art and is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described herein making reference to the appended drawings.

[0034] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 6

[0035] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an example of a wireless communication system;

[0036] Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a wireless communication system comprising a transceiver, like a basestation ora relay, and a plurality of communication devices, like UEs, according to an embodiment;

[0037] Fig. 3a-c show different mTRP scenarios in downlink, DL, e.g. Uu DL within a wireless communication system;

[0038] Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of another mTRP scenario with more than 2

[0039] TRPs;

[0040] Fig. 5a-b show schematic block diagrams of existing joint and separate DL / UL TCI for a single TRP;

[0041] Fig. 6 shows a schematic block diagram to illustrate a mTRP concept according to an embodiment;

[0042] Fig. 7 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating an example of a MAC CE according to an embodiment;

[0043] Fig. 8 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating an example where there are two TRPs in the system according to an embodiment;

[0044] Fig. 9 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating a unified TCI state activation / deactivation MAC CE according to an embodiment;

[0045] Fig. 10 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating a concept of an enhanced unified TCI framework according to an embodiment;

[0046] Fig. 11 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating an example of possible TCI states indicated to the device, according to an embodiment;

[0047] Fig. 12 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating an embodiment referred to as linked TCI states;

[0048] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7

[0049] Fig. 13a-e schematic block diagrams of scenarios according to embodiments for illustrating links between TCI states;

[0050] Fig. 14a-e schematic block diagrams of further scenarios according to embodiments;

[0051] Fig. 15 depicts an example how TCI states may be used to link transmission and / or reception configurations of more than one component carrier according to an embodiment;

[0052] Fig. 16 shows a schematic block diagram relating to an embodiment of mTRP operating in TDM scheme A;

[0053] Fig. 17 shows a schematic block diagram relating to an embodiment providing inter-slot repetition with cyclic mapping;

[0054] Fig. 18 shows a schematic block diagram relating to an embodiment of mTRP operating in FDM scheme A;

[0055] Fig. 19 shows a MAC CE according to an embodiment for PDCCH TCI state activation;

[0056] Fig. 20 shows a MAC CE related to TCI state configuration according to an embodiment;

[0057] Fig. 21 shows a further MAC CE related to TCI state configuration according to an embodiment;

[0058] Fig. 22 illustrates an example of a computer system on which units or modules as well as the steps of the methods described in accordance with the inventive approach may execute.

[0059] Equal or equivalent elements or elements with equal or equivalent functionality are denoted in the following description by equal or equivalent reference numerals or naming even if occurring in different figures.

[0060] In the following description, a plurality of details are set forth to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form

[0061] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 8

[0062] rather than in detail in order to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present invention. In addition, features of the different embodiments described hereinafter may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.

[0063] Some embodiments of the present invention relate to a transceiver, a transceiver device or a transceiver unit in particular a transmission reception point, TRP. Such a TRP may be a device to transmitting wireless signals, in particular radio frequency signals, e.g., providing, in view of the wireless signal, a transmitter functionality only, for receiving wireless signals, in particular radio frequency signals, e.g., providing, in view of the wireless signal, a receiver functionality only, or a combination thereof, i.e., that the device or apparatus is adapted and / or configured for receiving wireless signals and transmitting wireless signal, e.g., simultaneously, or during different instances of time and / or when operating in different operation modes. That is, a TRP according to an embodiment, may perform both, transmission of wireless signals and reception of wireless signals or only one of both unless explicitly stated or defined otherwise. Embodiments further relate to using multiple TRPs which is referred to herein as multi-TRP communication or mTRP communication.

[0064] A TRP according to embodiments may, without thereby limiting the general concept of the invention, be one or more of a base station, e.g., a macro cell base station or a small cell base station, a central unit of a base station, a distributed unit of a base station, a node of a nonterrestrial network, e.g., a regenerative payload or a base station connected via band-pipe satellite connection, a remote radio head, a core network entity, e.g., an AMF or SMF, a network slice as in the NR or 5G core context, a user equipment, UE, a relay, a transmitter, a receiver or any transmission and / or reception point enabling an item or a device to communicate using the wireless communication network, the item or device being provided with network connectivity to communicate using the wireless communication network.

[0065] Different TRPs used for mTRP communication described herein may, without thereby limiting the general concept of the invention, be connected to the same base station, BS, be connected to different base stations, BSs, be connected to the same core network, CN, and / or be connected to different core network, CNs.

[0066] Embodiments further relate to full duplex, FD, communication of which the subband full duplex, SBFD communication is an example. Although referring to SBFD hereinafter, embodiments are not limited hereto and if describing SBFD aspects, FD in general is described.

[0067] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 9

[0068] Some embodiments described herein relate to Transmission Confirmation Indication or Indicator TCI. TCI states may be signalled dynamically, sent to a device and may indicate, for example, related to Quasi Colocation, QCL, details about reception and / or transmission filters and / or transmit and / or receive beams.

[0069] Embodiments further relate to resources. In connection with embodiments, a resource may comprise one or more of the following:

[0070] • A number of subcarriers in frequency domain, a number of symbols, e.g., OFDM symbols in time domain, possibly organized in slots (e.g., 14 OFDM symbols and 12 subcarriers), sub-slots, mini-slots,

[0071] • a resource element,

[0072] • a resource block,

[0073] • resource block groups, RBG,

[0074] As a frequency resource embodiments may relate to one or more of:

[0075] • a bandwidth part, BWP,

[0076] • a carrier, e.g., a component carrier

[0077] • a carrier aggregation, CA, e.g., contiguous or non-contiguous carriers within FR1 and / or FR2 and / or FR3,

[0078] • a subband,

[0079] • a sub channel,

[0080] • a subcarrier,

[0081] • a subband or sub channel containing a number of subcarriers with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) depending on the numerology, e.g., 15 kHz or 30 kHz or 60 kHz or 120 kHz SCS or any multiple thereof.

[0082] Embodiments further relate to TCI states that may be associated with non-FD symbols, in particular but not necessarily non-SBFD symbols and / or associated with FD symbols, in particular SBFD symbols. Such TCI states may be signalled with regard to FD and non-FD symbols, e.g.:

[0083] FD Symbols Non-FD Symbols

[0084] TCI state list in RRC Same or different

[0085]

[0086] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 10

[0087] TCI states selection in MAC CE Same or different

[0088] TCI state selection using DCI / SCI TCI state selection using different DCI / SCI TCI state selection using same DCI TCI state selection using same DCI (Selection is based on new rules), SCI (Selection is based on legacy framework),

[0089] SCI

[0090]

[0091] All sets / subset of TCI states for the different symbol types are thereby covered. This may be used for the joint TCI states across symbol types.

[0092] Aspects of the present invention further relate to a behaviour of a device in accordance with: TCI sets / subsets can be

[0093] • stored as a list

[0094] • signalled via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, SCI or any combination thereof

[0095] • selected via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI, SCI from a configured list

[0096] For example, embodiments may relate to a case where the list of TCI states is signalled via RRC, and TCI states will be selected via DCI.

[0097] Alternatively or in addition, a possible PHY signalling according to an embodiment may comprise:

[0098] • DCI: downlink control information,

[0099] • SCI: sidelink control information, 1stand / or 2nd-stage SCI is possible, transmitted via PSCCH and / or PSSCH.

[0100] Embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in a wireless communication system or network as depicted in Fig. 1 including a transceiver, like a basestation, gNB, or relay, and a plurality of communication devices, like user equipment’s, UEs. Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a wireless communication system comprising a transceiver 200, like a basestation or a relay, and a plurality of communication devices 2021to 202n, like UEs. The UEs might communicated directly with each other via a wireless communication link or channel 203, like a radio link (e.g., using the PC5 interface (sidelink)). Further, the transceiver and the UEs 202 might communicate via a wireless communication link or channel 204, like a radio link (e.g., using the Uu interface). The transceiver 200 might include one or more antennas ANT or an antenna array having a plurality of antenna elements, a signal processor

[0101] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 11

[0102] 200a and a transceiver unit 200b. The UEs 202 might include one or more antennas ANT or an antenna array having a plurality of antennas, a processor 202a1to 202an, and a transceiver (e.g., receiver and / or transmitter) unit 202b1to 202bn. The basestation 200 and / or the one or more UEs 202 may operate in accordance with the inventive teachings described herein.

[0103] In niche or longtail applications — for example, Industrial loT (HoT) — that have specific requirements for Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC) in combination with low-, medium- or high-data rates, the digital signal processing, DSP, design space requirements easily exceed those of a unified standard set of parameters. A standardized mechanism is thus need to embed domain and application specific DSP requirements for longtail application. To facilitate a DSP alternative on a wireless link between at least two nodes, the transmitter and receiver pair have to be provided with means to be DSP configurable on-demand. This includes without limitation the download of DSP modules and / or code together with their installation, configuration, activation, synchronization and the openloop or closed-loop control of such DSP modules. These software modules have to be embedded on low PHY or mid PHY in order to provide the required wireless link enhancements needed for longtail applications. Furthermore, the facilitating scheme proposed by the inventors should allow to embed and use DSP modules which fit into the given standardized and regulatory framework, while being in detail implementation specific and therefore quasi proprietary.

[0104] In the context of wireless communications, the core network may refer to the central part of a telecommunications network that provides essential services and manages communication traffic. It facilitates connectivity between various elements of the network, including user devices and external networks. In the context of mobile telecommunications, the core network is a crucial component that handles tasks such as call routing, data transfer, and subscriber management. The core network itself may have connection to other parts of the network or different networks, e.g., accessing the Internet, such a link may possibly suffer from failures or unavailability. For a device, a similar situation may occur, at least in connection with embodiments, when a connection from a serving base station to the core network becomes unavailable or when the core network loses such higher-level connection.

[0105] In the following, additional embodiments and aspects of the invention will be described which can be used individually or in combination with any of the features and functionalities and details described herein.

[0106] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 12

[0107] 1. A device such as a user equipment, UE, configured for operating in a wireless communication network, wherein the device comprises:

[0108] a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network;

[0109] a control unit for being configurable with a set of transmission configuration indication, TCI, states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols;

[0110] wherein for using a full duplex, FD, symbol, the device is to use a TCI state of the set of TCI states and to configure the wireless interface accordingly.

[0111] 2. The device of aspect 1, wherein the FD symbol is a subband, SB, full duplex, SBFD symbol comprising a downlink bandwidthpart and an uplink bandwidthpart.

[0112] 3. The device of aspect 1 or 2, wherein at least one TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a multiple transmission reception point, TRP, mTRP or multi-TRP communication in the FD symbol.

[0113] 4. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein a first TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a first TRP and a different second TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device.

[0114] 5. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein a TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a first TRP and a different second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device.

[0115] 6. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein the set of TCI states comprises a number of TCI states being smaller, larger or equal than a number of data streams the device can operate simultaneously in frequency and / or time domain with the wireless interface.

[0116] 6a. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to use information referring to a specific TCI State of the set of TCI states, the reference indicating at least one quasi colocation, QCL, source reference signal and QCL being of typeD, wherein the device is to perform a periodic action such as a measurement on the QCL source reference signal.

[0117] 6b. The device of aspect 6a, adapted to perform a measurement using resources of QCL typeD of a past, recent or latest received physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH,

[0118] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 13

[0119] and a latest monitored CORESET in absence of the information referring to the specific TCI State.

[0120] 7. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted for a communication with at least a first TRP and a second TRP or with at least a first TRP, a second TRP and a third TRP for a mTRP communication of the device.

[0121] 8. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein a first TRP and a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device associated with the set of TCI states are one or more of:

[0122] • connected to the same base station, BS,

[0123] • connected to different base stations, BSs,

[0124] • connected to the same core network, CN,

[0125] • connected to different core network, CNs.

[0126] 9. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein a first TRP and a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device and of the set of TCI states transmit the same and / or different physical cell IDs, PCIDs.

[0127] 10. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein the FD symbol contains one or more of:

[0128] resources for different link directions within the same time resource, transmissions in different link directions within the same time resource

[0129] receptions in different link directions within the same time resource,

[0130] a guard band,

[0131] a guard period,

[0132] 11. The device of aspect 10, wherein a link direction is related to at least one of:

[0133] an uplink,

[0134] a downlink,

[0135] a sidelink.

[0136] 12. The device of aspect 10 or 11, wherein a link direction is associated with

[0137] a single TCI state or

[0138] more than one TCI states or

[0139] a particular subset of TCI states, e.g., having a proper subset of TCI states associated with uplink or downlink or sidelink.

[0140] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 14

[0141] 13. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein the FD symbol contains one or more of

[0142] uplink and downlink or uplink and sidelink or downlink and sidelink in different frequency resources, e.g., subband full duplex, FD,

[0143] uplink and downlink or uplink and sidelink or downlink and sidelink within same frequency resources, e.g., with fully overlapping frequency resources, e.g., inband full duplex, e.g., FD,

[0144] uplink and downlink or uplink and sidelink or downlink and sidelink with partially overlapping frequency resources.

[0145] 14. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein the FD symbol contains one or more of

[0146] a DL subband,

[0147] an UL subband,

[0148] a SL subband,

[0149] a guard band.

[0150] 15. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein the guard band is a frequency resource with no transmissions and / or receptions.

[0151] 16. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein the guard period is time interval separating transmissions and / or receptions.

[0152] 17. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein the FD symbol is associated with one or more of:

[0153] a single TCI state,

[0154] a first and a second TCI state,

[0155] more than two TCI states,

[0156] a subset of TCI states, e.g., configured and / or pre-configured,

[0157] a full set of TCI states, e.g., all configurable TCI states.

[0158] 18. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein the set of TCI states contains

[0159] - a null-TCI state, e.g., the set of TCI states is an empty set,

[0160] - a number of one TCI state,

[0161] - a number of more than one TCI states.

[0162] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 15

[0163] 19. The device of one of the previous aspects, configured for, in a case configured with a null TCI state to use

[0164] - a beam formed with the wireless interface according to a selection of the device, or - a default codepoint / beam, or

[0165] - a random codepoint or a random beam or a random TCI state, or

[0166] - a previous TCI state, e.g., used in a prior transmission and / or reception, or

[0167] - a TCI state used in a previous

[0168] • transmission, for which the device received an ACK, or received no NACK, or received no retransmission request and / or

[0169] • reception, which was decoded successfully, e.g., wrt. its HARQ procedure. - a TCI state indicated by another device, e.g., UE or BS.

[0170] 20. The device of one of previous aspects, further configured for using a non-FD symbol for communication, wherein the non-FD symbol is associated with a single link direction, e.g., downlink or uplink or sidelink.

[0171] 21 The device of one of previous aspects, further configured for using a non-FD symbol for communication, wherein the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol are time-division multiplexed in the wireless communication network.

[0172] 22. The device of aspect 20 or 21, adapted to operate in accordance with a guard period between the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol.

[0173] 23 The device of one of previous aspects, wherein for the non-FD symbol, the device is to configure the wireless interface with a first subset of TCI states from the set of TCI states for communication with a first TRP and with a second subset of TCI states from the set of TCI states for communication with a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device.

[0174] 24 The device of aspect 23, wherein the subsets of TCI states comprise:

[0175] an empty set,

[0176] equal or identical sets,

[0177] disjoint sets,

[0178] complementary sets,

[0179] subsets with partially overlapping sets,

[0180] the full set.

[0181] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 16

[0182] 25. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted for being configured with the set of TCI sets and / or the subsets as at least one of:

[0183] • as data stored or to be stored as a list;

[0184] • signalled via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI or any combination thereof;

[0185] • selected via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI from a configured list

[0186] 26. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein at least one TCI state from the set of TCI states is a joint TCI state associated with the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol.

[0187] 27. The device of aspect 26, wherein the FD symbol and the non-FB symbol are subsequent symbols in time or subsequent symbols in time domain separated by a guard period.

[0188] 28. The device of aspect 27, wherein the guard period comprises a length n of at least a minimum and at most a maximum length of symbols; wherein the device is to obtain at least one of the minimum length, the maximum length or a validity of the time gap with respect to a valid length of the guard period as explicit indication, or wherein the device is configured / pre-configured at least one of the minimum length and the maximum length and is adapted to interpret whether a present time period between the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol as valid or as invalid TCI state, e.g., if the time period is violated.

[0189] 29. The device of one of aspects 26 to 28, adapted to use the joint TCI state for either downlink or uplink or sidelink in the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol.

[0190] 30. The device of one of aspects 26 to 29 adapted to use the joint TCI state for one of an downlink and uplink or downlink and sidelink or uplink and sidelink in the FD symbol and for the other of the uplink and the downlink or downlink and sidelink or uplink and sidelink in the non-FD symbol.

[0191] 31 The device of aspect 30 adapted to use the joint TCI state for a combination comprising:

[0192] • a downlink and an uplink;

[0193] • a downlink and a sidelink; and

[0194] • an uplink and a sidelink.

[0195] 32. The device of aspect 30 or 31, wherein the joint TCI state relates to resources in downlink, DL, in a non-FD symbol that are in the same frequency band as that of resources in UL in an FD symbol.

[0196] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 17

[0197] 33. The device of one of aspects 30 to 32, adapted to receive a single TCI state list, e.g., in radio resource control, RRC, containing the set of TCI states valid for both, the FD symbol and non-FB symbol.

[0198] 34. The device of one of aspects 30 to 33, adapted to operate according to an indication received in RRC to use the joint TCI state.

[0199] 35. The device of one of aspects 30 to 34, adapted to receive and process a MAC control element MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint selects a TCI state from the set of TCI states.

[0200] 36. The device of aspect 35, wherein the MAC CE, e.g., by use of a bit thereof indicates whether a joint TCI state is present and / or, if the device is indicated to use joint DL / UL and FD / non-FD TCI state in RRC, the codepoint is contained in the MAC CE.

[0201] 37. The device of aspect 35 or 36, adapted to receive and process a set of bits in

[0202] • downlink control information, DCI, to refer to the MAC CE and select a codepoint and / or

[0203] • sidelink control information, SCI, e.g., 1st- and / or 2nd-stage SCI, to refer to the MAC CE and select a codepoint.

[0204] 38. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein the set of TCI states comprises TCI states associated with different frequency ranges,e.g., subbands or carriers, e.g., as in carrier aggregation, associated with the FD symbol.

[0205] 39. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein the set of TCI states comprises at least one TCI state associated with a non-FD symbol.

[0206] 40. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive and process separate sets of TCI states for the FD symbol for uplink and non-FD symbols for uplink.

[0207] 41. The device of aspect 40, wherein the TCI state list for FD and non-FD symbols are different in RRC.

[0208] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 18

[0209] 42. The device of aspect 40 or 41, adapted to process a parameter in RRC that indicates that TCI states of the set of TCI states related to uplink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are separately indicated.

[0210] 43. The device of one of aspects 40 to 42, wherein a plurality of or each available sounding reference signal, SRS, resource is linked to a corresponding TCI state of the set of TCI states.

[0211] 44. The device of one of aspects 40 to 43, adapted to process a first MAC CE for the FD symbol and a second MAC CE for a non-FD symbol.

[0212] 45. The device of one of aspects 40 to 44, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint in comprises or indicates TCI states for both FD symbols and non-FD symbols separately.

[0213] 46. The device of one of aspects 40 to 45, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint comprises a single TCI state ID for uplink; wherein for the FD symbol, the TCI state ID is taken from the set of TCI states being valid for FD symbols and for non-FD symbols, wherein the device is to use the TCI state ID from the list for non-FD symbols.

[0214] 47. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive and process separate sets of TCI states for the FD symbol for downlink and non-FD symbols for downlink.

[0215] 48. The device of aspect 47, adapted to process a parameter in RRC that indicates that TCI states of the set of TCI states related to downlink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are separately indicated.

[0216] 49. The device of aspect 47 or 48, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint in comprises or indicates TCI states for both FD symbols and non-FD symbols separately.

[0217] 50. The device of one of aspects 47 to 49, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint comprises a single TCI state ID for downlink; wherein for the FD symbol, the TCI state ID is taken from the set of TCI states being valid for FD symbols and for non-FD symbols, wherein the device is to use the TCI state ID from the list for non-FD symbols.

[0218] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 19

[0219] 51. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to use a joint TCI state from the set of TCI states that is valid for a non-FD downlink symbol and a FD downlink symbol; wherein a used TCI state for downlink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are is the same; and / or adapted to use a joint TCI state from the set of TCI states that is valid for a non-FD uplink symbol and a FD uplink symbol; wherein a used TCI state for uplink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are is the same.

[0220] 52. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive and process separate sets of TCI states for the FD symbol for sidelink and non-FD symbols for sidelink.

[0221] 53. The device of aspect 52, wherein the TCI state list for FD and non-FD symbols are different in RRC.

[0222] 54. The device of aspect 52 or 53, adapted to process a parameter in RRC that indicates that TCI states of the set of TCI states related to sidelink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are separately indicated.

[0223] 55. The device of one of aspects 52 to 54, wherein a plurality of or each available sounding reference signal, SRS, resource is linked to a corresponding TCI state of the set of TCI states.

[0224] 56. The device of one of aspects 52 to 55, adapted to process a first MAC CE for the FD symbol and a second MAC CE for a non-FD symbol.

[0225] 57. The device of one of aspects 52 to 56, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint in comprises or indicates TCI states for both FD symbols and non-FD symbols separately.

[0226] 58. The device of one of aspects 52 to 57, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint comprises a single TCI state ID for sidelink; wherein for the FD symbol, the TCI state ID is taken from the set of TCI states being valid for FD symbols and for non-FD symbols, wherein the device is to use the TCI state ID from the list for non-FD symbols.

[0227] 59. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive the set of TCI states as an implicit configuration or an explicit configuration.

[0228] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 20

[0229] 60. The device of aspect 59, adapted to receive the explicit configuration via at least one of a radio resource control, RRC, a downlink control information, DCI, a MAC control element, MAC CE, a signalling on PHY level, and a higher level signalling.

[0230] 61. The device of aspect 59 or 60, adapted to receive the implicit configuration, wherein the device is to use a previously indicated TCI state for the FD symbol or a different rule.

[0231] 62. The device of aspect 61, wherein the previously indicated TCI state relates to a non-FD symbol, and in absence of an explicit signalling of a separate TCI state for a FD symbol, the device is adapted to use a same codepoint for the transmission within the FD symbol.

[0232] 63. The device of aspect 62, wherein the device is to use the same codepoint based on a constraint or implicit indication comprising one or more of:

[0233] • a type of signal and / or channel, e.g., only allowed to use this for a particular channel, e.g., PDCCH or signal, e.g., feedback signal, e.g., CSI feedback, e.g., SRS or UL DMRS,

[0234] • an availability of a signal, e.g., in case no TCI state is indicated for the transmission within the FD symbol, the UE assumes that the latest or a fallback TCI state is to be used,

[0235] • a position of the transmission within the time / frequency grid, e.g., in case the frequency delta or the time delta between the transmission and a previous configuration is above or below a certain threshold, e.g., the configuration is too old, or the configuration has no validity yet (too soon), the UE is to apply or is not to apply a certain previous configuration,

[0236] • a geo-location of the UE, e.g., In case the UE is within a certain geolocation of the network, e.g., moving indoors, it is to apply a certain TCI state for the certain symbol type,

[0237] • a device type, e.g., in case the device is of a given type, e.g., a reduced capability, RedCap, device, or in case the UE is a loT device, it may reuse or explicitly not reuse a previous TCI codepoint configuration.

[0238] 64. The device of one of aspects 59 to 63, adapted to receive the implicit configuration based on at least one of:

[0239] a basis of a determination rule,

[0240] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 21

[0241] • a TCI state or configuration related to a previous symbol / transmission;

[0242] • a TCI state or configuration related to a successful previous transmissions; • a TCI state indicated for a non-FD symbol, and in case of no explicit signalling of a separate TCI state for an FD symbol, device is adapted to use a same codepoint for the transmission within the FD symbol.

[0243] 65. The device of one of previous aspects, having a subset of TCI states containing more than one TCI state, wherein the first TCI state and the second TCI state comprise a relation across time and / or frequency and / or spatial domain.

[0244] 66. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein a TCI state is one or more of:

[0245] • a joint DL / UL and FD / non-FD TCI state, e.g., resources in DL in a non-FD symbol that are in a same frequency band as that of the resources in UL in an FD symbol share the same TCI states;

[0246] • separate UL TCI states, e.g., UL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are separately indicated;

[0247] • separate DL TCI states, e.g., DL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are separately indicated;

[0248] • a joint non-FD DL and FD DL TCI state, e.g., the DL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are the same; and

[0249] • A joint non-FD UL and FD UL TCI state, e.g., the UL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are the same.

[0250] 67. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein at least a part of the TCI states of the set of TCI states are linked between successive DL and UL parts or DL and SL parts or UL and SL parts of transmission based on an FD-enabled frame structure.

[0251] 68. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein an UL parts of the FD symbol and of a non-FD symbol are linked to one another to indicate that a same TCI state from the set of TCI states can be applied for the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol.

[0252] 69. The device of one of previous aspects, TCI states of different subsets of TCI states of the set of TCI states are linked to one another based on a usage of resources in an uplink spectrum and a downlink spectrum.

[0253] 70. The device of aspect 69, wherein two linked TCI states are directly adjacent in the time domain or comprise a time gap or a guard period between the linked TCI states.

[0254] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 22

[0255] 71. The device of aspect 70, wherein the time gap comprises at least one symbol or at least one slot or at least one sub-slot or at least one frame or at least one radioframe.

[0256] 72. The device of one of aspects 69 to 71, wherein a constraint is related to the two linked TCI states.

[0257] 73. The device of one of previous aspects, wherein at least a first TCI state and a second TCI state of the set of TCI states are linked to one another.

[0258] 74. The device of aspect 73, wherein the device is to use the linked TCI states; wherein a guard band is arranged between resources associated with the TCI states linked to one another and in the frequency domain.

[0259] 75. The device of one of aspects 73 or 74, adapted to operate with the linked TCI states across carriers of the wireless communication network having a configured or preconfigured bandwidth.

[0260] 76. The device of one of aspects 73 to 75, wherein the first resources of the first TCI state and the resources of the second TCI state are located in different component carriers.

[0261] 77. The device of one of aspects 73 to 76, wherein at least a third TCI state is linked to the first TCI state and / or the second TCI state.

[0262] 78. The device of one of aspects 73 to 77, adapted to operate with the linked TCI states across different symbols spaced in the time domain.

[0263] 78. The device of one of aspects 73 to 78, wherein one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state relates to an uplink and the other relates to a downlink; or wherein both TCIs states relate to one of uplink or downlink; or wherein one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state relate to a sidelink, SL, and the other relates to one of an uplink and a downlink.

[0264] 79. The device of one of aspects 73 to 78, adapted to derive from a signalling in the wireless communication network a coordinated operation of aggregated CCs.

[0265] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 23

[0266] 80. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to operate in accordance with a DL part of a FD symbol can be linked to any prior TCI state, e.g., of the same symbol type (A), or of a different symbol type (B), e.g., under consideration of a constraint.

[0267] 81. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive two PDSCH transmission occasions of a same transport block, TB, with each of the first TCI state and the second TCI state associated to a PDSCH transmission occasion which has non-overlapping time domain resource allocation with respect to the other PDSCH transmission occasion; wherein the device is to receive both PDSCH transmission occasions within a same slot.

[0268] 82. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive at least two PDSCH transmission occasions of a same transport block, TB, with a subset of the set of TCI states associated to a first PDSCH transmission occasion which has a non-overlapping time domain resource allocation with respect to a second PDSCH transmission occasion; wherein the device is to receive both the first and second PDSCH transmission occasion within a same slot.

[0269] 83. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to apply the first TCI state to a plurality of first time division duplex, TDD, transmission occasions of a channel, e.g., a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and the second TCI state to a plurality of second TDD transmission occasions of the channel according to a TCI pattern.

[0270] 84. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to apply a first subset of the set of TCI states to a plurality of first time division duplex, TDD, transmission occasions of a channel, e.g., a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and a second subset of TCI states of the set of TCI states to a plurality of second TDD transmission occasions of the channel according to a TCI pattern.

[0271] 85. The device of aspect 84, wherein the first subset and the second subset of TCI states comprise:

[0272] an empty set,

[0273] equal or identical sets,

[0274] disjoint sets,

[0275] complementary sets,

[0276] subsets with partially overlapping sets,

[0277] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 24

[0278] 86. The device of one of aspects 83 to 85, adapted to operate according to an inter-slot repetition of applying a first TCI of the set of TCIs for a plurality of first occasion and applying a second TCI of the set or a different set of TCIs for a plurality of second occasion alternating at least with the plurality of first occasions.

[0279] 87. The device of one of aspects 83 to 86, adapted to receive and process a DCI that updates a TCI state every time for the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol used for communication.

[0280] 88. The device of one of aspects 83 to 87, adapted for a counting for a mapping of FD symbols and non-FD symbols is done separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for a mapping of occasions for FD symbols and non-FD symbols.

[0281] 89. The device of one of aspects 83 to 88, adapted to operate counters for redundancy versions, RV, separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for updating the RVs for FD symbols and non-FD symbols.

[0282] 90. The device of one of aspects 83 to 89, adapted to apply the TCI pattern according to a repetition number of the first and second TDD occasions.

[0283] 91. The device of aspect 90, adapted to receive repetition number in time domain in RRC.

[0284] 92. The device of aspect 90 or 91, wherein the repetition is an intra-slot repetition or an interslot repetition.

[0285] 93. The device of one of aspects 90 to 92, wherein in case of operating according to a cyclic mapping, the device is to apply a first TCI state to the first transmission occasions and a second TCI state from the set of TCI states to the second transmission occasions; wherein a same TCI mapping pattern is continued to the remaining transmission occasions.

[0286] 94. The device of one of aspects 90 to 93, adapted to operate a first TCI state list for FD symbols or slots and a second TCI state list for non-FD symbols or slots.

[0287] 95. The device of one of aspects 90 to 94, adapted to operate in Configuration 1 and to operate with a first TCI state and a second TCI state of the set of TCI states; and to select one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state for the FD symbols.

[0288] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 25

[0289] 96. The device of aspect 95, adapted to process a MAC CE where each codepoint in the MAC CE separately contains TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.

[0290] 97. The device of aspect 96, wherein each codepoint comprises a predefined number of e.g., 2 TCI states for non-FD symbols and a further predefined number of TCI state is for SBFD symbols, e.g., the TCI is chosen based on whether the symbol is SBFD or non- SBFD.

[0291] 98. The device of aspect 96 or 97, wherein each codepoint comprises UL / DL / SL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

[0292] 99. The device of one of aspects 95 to 98, adapted to process DCI that contains separate fields to select TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.

[0293] 100. The device of one of aspects 95 to 99, adapted to process a first and a second MAC CE wherein the first MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints for FD symbols and the second MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints non-FD symbols.

[0294] 101. The device of aspect 100, adapted to process a downlink control information, DCI, and to use the same bits in DCI to point to the codepoints in the first MAC CE and the second MAC CE

[0295] 102. The device of one of aspects 90 to 101, adapted to operate in Configuration 2 and to operate with a first TCI state for FD symbols and a second TCI state of the set of TCI states for non-FD symbols; and to select one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state for the FD symbols according to a selection rule.

[0296] 103. The device of aspect 102, adapted to receive the selection rules, e.g., with an RRC signal.

[0297] 104. The device of aspect 102 or 103, adapted to process a MAC CE where each codepoint in the MAC CE separately contains TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.

[0298] 105. The device of aspect 104, wherein each codepoint comprises a predefined number of e.g., 2 TCI states for non-FD symbols and a further predefined number of TCI state is for

[0299] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 26

[0300] SBFD symbols, e.g., the TCI is chosen based on whether the symbol is SBFD or non- SBFD.

[0301] 106. The device of one of aspects 104 to 105, wherein each codepoint comprises UL / DL / SL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

[0302] 107. The device of one of aspects 104 to 106, adapted to process DCI that contains separate fields to select TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.

[0303] 108. The device of one of aspects 104 to 107, adapted to process a first and a second MAC CE wherein the first MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints for FD symbols and the second MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints non-FD symbols.

[0304] 109. The device of aspect 108, adapted to process a downlink control information, DCI, and to use the same bits in DCI to point to the codepoints in the first MAC CE and the second MAC CE

[0305] 110. The device of one of aspects 104 to 109, adapted to receive and process a DCI that updates a TCI state every time for the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol used for communication.

[0306] 111. The device of one of aspects 104 to 110, adapted for a counting for a mapping of FD symbols and non-FD symbols is done separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for a mapping of occasions for FD symbols and non-FD symbols.

[0307] 112. The device of one of aspects 104 to 111, adapted to operate counters for redundancy versions, RV, separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for updating the RVs for FD symbols and non-FD symbols..

[0308] 113. The device of one of aspects 90 to 112, adapted to operate according to a Sequential mapping and to apply a first TCI state first PDSCH transmission occasions and second PDSCH transmission occasions, and to apply a second TCI state third transmission occasions and fourth PDSCH transmission occasions, and to use a same TCI mapping pattern to remaining PDSCH transmission occasions

[0309] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 27

[0310] 114. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive at least two PDSCH transmission occasions of a same transport, TB, block with a subset of the set of TCI states associated to a first PDSCH transmission occasion which has a non-overlapping frequency domain resource allocation with respect to a second PDSCH transmission occasion wherein the device is to receive both the first and second PDSCH transmission occasion within a same slot.

[0311] 115. The device of aspect 114, adapted to operate according to FDM scheme A and / or FDM scheme B.

[0312] 116. The device of aspect 114 or 115, adapted to receive, in FDM scheme A, a single PDSCH transmission occasion of the TB with each TCI state associated to a non-overlapping frequency domain resource of a set of at least two frequency resource portions.

[0313] 117. The device of one of aspects 114 to 116, adapted to use, in FDM scheme B, a single TCI state as the subset for receiving at least two PDSCH transmission occasions of the same TB with each TCI state associated to a PDSCH transmission occasion which has non-overlapping frequency domain resource allocation with respect to the other PDSCH transmission.

[0314] 118. The device of one of aspects 114 to 117, adapted to operate for a wideband allocation, according to a first half of physical resource blocks, PRBs, assigned to a first TCI state and remaining PRBs assigned to a second TCI state.

[0315] 119. The device of aspect 118, adapted to operate for the wideband allocation to divided the PRBs into at least three parts associated with a respective TCI state.

[0316] 120. The device of one of aspects 114 to 119, adapted to operate according to a cyclic mapping of TCI states in the frequency domain.

[0317] 121. The device of one of aspects 114 to 120, adapted to receive and process a DCI that updates a TCI state every time for the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol used for communication.

[0318] 122. The device of one of aspects 114 to 121, adapted for a counting for a mapping of FD symbols and non-FD symbols is done separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols;

[0319] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 28

[0320] or to operate a single counter for a mapping of occasions for FD symbols and non-FD symbols.

[0321] 123. The device of one of aspects 114 to 122, adapted to operate counters for redundancy versions, RV, separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for updating the RVs for FD symbols and non-FD symbols..

[0322] 124. The device of one of previous aspects, configured for receiving a channel such as a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, from a first TRP using a first TCI state from the set of TCI states and at least from a second TRP using a second TCI state from the set of TCI states;

[0323] wherein for the FD symbol the device is to select one of the first and second TCI state based on at least one of:

[0324] • an explicit indication received by the device;

[0325] • a different set of CORESET IDs or search space set configured for FD symbols as compared to non-FD symbols;

[0326] • a CORESET pool index to be active for FD symbols explicitly indicated to the device or implicitly derived by the device;

[0327] • a medium access control, MAC, control element, CE, for FD symbols being separately indicated.

[0328] 125. The device of one of previous aspects, configured for receiving a channel such as a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, from a first TRP using a first subset of TCI states of the set of TCI states and at least from a second TRP using a second subset of TCI states;

[0329] wherein for the FD symbol the device is to select one of the first and second subset of TCI states based on at least one of:

[0330] • an explicit indication received by the device;

[0331] • a different set of CORESET IDs or search space set configured for FD symbols as compared to non-FD symbols;

[0332] • a CORESET pool index to be active for FD symbols explicitly indicated to the device or implicitly derived by the device;

[0333] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 29

[0334] a medium access control, MAC, control element, CE, for FD symbols being separately indicated.

[0335] 126. The device of aspect 124 or 125, adapted to operate with a number of search space sets with unique search space IDs relating to time and frequency locations where the device is to monitor for downlink control information; wherein each search space is linked to a control resource set which has a control resource set ID, CORESET ID;

[0336] wherein the set of TCI states is configured for a PDCCH and a PDSCH.

[0337] 127. The device of aspect 126, wherein, every CORESET ID is associated with a CORESET pool index, different CORESET pool indices indicating that the CORESETs are from different TRPs used for multi-TRP communication of the device.

[0338] 128. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive the set of TCI states as an explicit configuration of a TCI state configuration for FD symbols, e.g., a MAC CE, indicating, e.g., using at least one reserved bit, at least one of:

[0339] o a further core set Pool ID valid for a symbol type, e.g., only for FD or only for non-FD symbols;

[0340] o a validity of the configuration for a symbol type, e.g., only for FD or only for non- FD symbols, e.g., to indicate in combination with a D / U field, a direction of the FD link

[0341] o whether a TCI state is to be used for FD symbols. E.g., if R is 1, then this TCI state will be used for both SBFD and non-SBFD symbols

[0342] • whether a MAC CE is only valid for a symbol type in a bandwidthpart, BWP, indicated by a BWP ID of the MAC CE, e.g., the FD symbol type. The D / ll field would then indicate the link direction within the SBFD symbol type;

[0343] • using a TCI state field of the MAC CE for signalling a TCI state ID indicating a number of at most 128 TCI states or at most 64 TCI states; using at least one bit of the TCI field for indicating the symbol type, e.g., SBFD symbol; using the TCI state field for indicating an extended core set pool ID, or an indirect signalling using the BWP ID;

[0344] • whether each codepoint has more than one existing DL and / or UL TCI states

[0345] 129. The device of one of previous aspects, adapted to receive and process a MAC CE relating to a TCI configuration, wherein the MAC CE comprises at least one of

[0346] • bits such as reserved bits to indicate a further core set Pool ID, which could be a Pool ID valid for a said symbol type, e.g., only for SBFD or only for non-SBFD symbols;

[0347] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 30

[0348] • bits such as reserved bits to indicate that the configuration is valid for a said symbol type, e.g., only for SBFD or only for non-SBFD symbols, in combination with the D / U field, this would indicate the SBFD link direction, e.g., SBFD-D or SBFD-U

[0349] • bits such as reserved bits to indicate that this TCI state will be used for SBFD symbols, e.g., in UL, DL and / or SL TCI states.

[0350] • bits such as reserved bits utilizing a BWP ID field of the MAC CE

[0351] • bits such as reserved bits utilizing segregated TCI states; and

[0352] • bits such as reserved bits comprising an octet that indicates if each codepoint has more than existing DL and / or UL and / or SL TCI states.

[0353] 130. A device such as a user equipment, UE, configured for operating in a wireless communication network that provides a full duplex, FD, configuration of resources to provide for an FD symbol, wherein the device comprises:

[0354] a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network;

[0355] a control unit for being provided with a transmission configuration indication state, TCI state,

[0356] wherein the device is to use the TCI state for different channels and / or for different signals, e.g., within a same channel, not excluding to use different channels, e.g.,

[0357] • physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, and / or

[0358] • physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, and a physical uplink control channel, PUCCH, and / or

[0359] • combinations of uplink and / or downlink and / or sidelink channels, •

[0360] to use the TCI state for both, uplink and downlink.

[0361] 131. The device of one of the previous aspects, adapted for communication with at least one TRP, wherein the TRP is one or more of

[0362] a base station, e.g., a macro cell base station or a small cell base station,

[0363] a central unit of a base station,

[0364] a distributed unit of a base station,

[0365] a node of a non-terrestrial network, e.g., a regenerative payload or a base station connected via band-pipe satellite connection,

[0366] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 31

[0367] a remote radio head,

[0368] a core network entity, e.g., an AMF or SMF,

[0369] a network slice as in the NR or 5G core context

[0370] a user equipment, UE,

[0371] a relay,

[0372] a transmitter, and

[0373] a receiver,

[0374] any transmission and / or reception point enabling an item or a device to communicate using the wireless communication network, the item or device being provided with network connectivity to communicate using the wireless communication network.

[0375] 132. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein a user equipment, UE, e.g., implemented as the device, comprises, on or more of

[0376] a mobile terminal, or

[0377] stationary terminal, or

[0378] cellular IoT-UE, or

[0379] vehicular UE, or

[0380] an IoT or narrowband IoT, NB-IoT, device, or

[0381] a reduced capability device, e.g., a RedCap UE, or

[0382] an ambient-IoT, A-IoT, device, or

[0383] an intermediate node within an A-IoT network, or

[0384] a ground based vehicle, or

[0385] an aerial vehicle, or

[0386] a NTN-UE, e.g., a UE connected via an NTN network, or

[0387] a drone, or

[0388] a moving base station, or

[0389] road side unit, or

[0390] a building, or

[0391] any other item or device provided with network connectivity enabling the item / device to communicate using the wireless communication network, e.g., a sensor or actuator.

[0392] 133. The device of one of the previous aspects, wherein a frequency resource used for the FD symbol is one or more of

[0393] a set of subcarriers,

[0394] a subchannel,

[0395] a subband,

[0396] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 32

[0397] Further, according to an embodiment, a method for operating a device such as a user equipment, UE, in a wireless communication network is provided, wherein the method comprises:

[0398] Configuring a control unit with a set of transmission configuration indication, TCI, states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols;

[0399] for using a full duplex, FD, symbol, a TCI state of the set of TCI states is used to configure the wireless interface accordingly.

[0400] Further, according to an embodiment, a method for operating a device such as a user equipment, UE, in a wireless communication network that provides a full duplex, FD, configuration of resources to provide for an FD symbol is provided, wherein the method comprises:

[0401] providing a control unit with a transmission configuration indication state, TCI state,

[0402] such that the device uses the TCI state for different channels and / or for different signals, e.g.,

[0403] • physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, and / or

[0404] • physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, and a physical uplink control channel, PUCCH, and / or

[0405] • combinations of uplink and / or downlink and / or sidelink channels, •

[0406] to use the TCI state for both, uplink and downlink.

[0407] Possible topics related to SBFD that are discussed for NR Rel-20 are

[0408] Multi-TRP, mTRP, PHY and MAC signaling, optimizations for using mixed symbols, SBFD and / or non-SBFD.

[0409] In the context of 5G NR (New Radio), QCL stands for Quasi Colocation. Quasi Colocation (QCL) is a concept used in 5G NR systems to indicate that certain cells or transmission points are located in close proximity to each other, leading to potential interference and coordination considerations.

[0410] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 33

[0411] The QCL information is used to specify the relationship between different cells or transmission points that are quasi co-located, meaning they are not perfectly co-located but are close enough to impact or to not impact each other's performance. By identifying quasi co-located cells, the network can implement interference mitigation techniques and coordination strategies to optimize system performance and mitigate interference effects. In case a transmitter and / or receiver is determines to be QCL wrt. another transmitter and / or receiver, the same type of transmit and / or receive algorithm or strategy can be used. Thus, determining QCL can reduce signalling among transceivers, since each transceiver can choose a configured and / or preconfigured transmit and / or receive algorithm based on the determined QCL type.

[0412] In 5G NR systems, the QCL information is an important aspect of network planning and optimization, as it helps in managing interference, optimizing resource allocation, and improving overall system efficiency. By considering the quasi colocation of cells and utilizing QCL information, network operators can enhance the performance and reliability of their 5G networks. Embodiments of this invention define how to adapt the QCL concept to mobile communication systems configured with subband full duplex, SBFD, configurations. Furthermore, they define efficient signalling mechanisms of different configuration types wrt. QCL for systems utilizing SBFD.

[0413] mTRP in networks enabled with SBFD at qNB

[0414] mTRP Scenarios

[0415] Fig. 3a-c show different mTRP scenarios in downlink, DL, e.g. Uu DL within a wireless communication system, e.g., using NG-RAN. The same can be applied in UL as well. Also, the figure shows only 2 transmission reception points, TRPs, 121and 122but it can be extended to more than 2 TRPs as well. If more than one TRP is involved, this is referred to as multi-TRP, mTRP, or multiple TRP. Furthermore, a TRP can be one or more of: a base station, e.g., a gNB, a transmitter, e.g., a supplemental downlink transmitter, a receiver, e.g., a supplemental uplink receiver. Furthermore, the TRP can belong to a different RAT, e.g., or to a different type of device, e.g., a small cell base station.

[0416] Fig. 3: In Fig. 3a, same or different PDSCH is received from separate TRPs but the PDCCH is received by a UE 14 only from one TRP 122. This is also known as single DCI based scheme. In Fig. 3b, same or different PDSCH is received from separate TRPs 12i and 122 and the

[0417] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 34

[0418] PDCCH is also received from 2 TRPs121and 122. This is also known as multi-DCI based scheme. In both cases, the PDSCH can be received in same / different time / frequency resources. The gNB associates each TRP with a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state. E.g., TRP1 121is associated with TCI1 and TRP2 is associated with TCI2. The gNB indicates to the UE 14 which TCI state to use when receiving a certain PDSCH. E.g., if the gNB indicates the UE to use TCI1 to receive the PDSCH, it is expected that the gNB uses TRP1 to transmit this PDSCH. However, the TRP number remains transparent to the UE. Only the TCI state to be used using a TCI state ID is indicated to the UE. The TCI state of any channel includes one or more reference signal (RS) and one or more Quasi-colocation (QCL) information. QCL defines the correlation between symbols transmitted from different antenna ports. The QCL can be of different types, e.g., QCL type D which indicates the spatial filter or beam.

[0419] The QCL types defined are:

[0420] QCL Type Description

[0421]

[0422] QCL-TypeA Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread

[0423] QCL-TypeB Doppler shift, Doppler spread

[0424] QCL-TypeC Average delay, Doppler shift

[0425] QCL-TypeD Spatial Rx parameter

[0426] E.g., the PDSCH is provided with a TCI state ID of 1 (TCI1). The TCI1 has CSI-RS ID 2 as the RS and QCL type D. This may be understood that the gNB uses the same beam to transmit the PDSCH that was used to transmit CSI-RS ID 2. Thus, it is expected that the UE also uses the same beam or Rx filter it had used to receive CSI-RS ID 2 to receive the PDSCH. In Fig. 3c, the PDCCH is received via TRP1 12i using a different TCI as that of the PDSCH via TRP2 122.

[0427] For example, information may be provided by use of a respective signalling and as a reference to a specific TCI-State of available or allowed in TCI-States, the reference indicating QCL source reference signal(s) RS(s) and QCL ‘typeD’ for periodic actions such as measurement resources to measure on, especially CLI measurement resources, e.g., CLI-RSSI or CLI-RSRP. For example, such signalling, e.g., an information element, may indicate the reference to one TCI-State in TCI-States for providing the QCL source and QCL type for a target periodic measurement resource.

[0428] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 35

[0429] If such information is not provided and such a measurement resource is not configured and, the UE may perform a measurement assuming that the resources are QCL ‘typeD’ to one of the past, recent or latest received PDSCH and the latest monitored CORESET. If, however such information is not configured but a TCI state is configured, e.g., by a respective information element, the UE may perform the measurement assuming the DL TCI state or joint TCI state as indicated by the information element or source of configuration.

[0430] In another scenario as shown in Fig. 4, mTRP with more than 2 TRPs 121to 124, one or more TRPs may be associated with the same TCI state, e.g., TRP3 123and TRP4 124 are associated with TCI state 3. In other words Fig. 4 shows mTRP Scenario with more than 2 TRPs and different TCI state associations.

[0431] In NR, the TCI framework can be configured using separate DL / UL TCI states or joint DL / UL TCI states. Fig. 5 shows the existing joint and separate DL / UL TCI for a single TRP. This can be extended to multiple TRPs. In case of separate TCI framework, the DL and UL TCI states are separately indicated to the UE. In case of joint UL / DL TCI framework, the TCI state indicated will be applicable for both UL and DL. The arrows in the figure depict the transmitter and receiver on both sides, respectively.

[0432] The mTRPs can be used to enable SBFD in the network. A scenario for mTRP with SBFD is shown in Fig. 6, as follows:

[0433] • DL only symbol 18 which is a non-SBFD symbol: A UE 14 receives DL from one or both TRPs 121, 122,

[0434] • SBFD / FD symbol 22 which has both UL and DL subbands: One TRP 121is in DL while the other TRP 122is in UL, a UE 141receives within a DL symbol via TRP1, another UE 142transmits via UL symbol via TRP2,

[0435] • UL only symbol 24 which is a non-SBFD symbol: A UE 14 transmits UL to one or both TRPs 121,122.

[0436] Downlink and uplink using multiple TRPs

[0437] According to embodiments, different / same PDSCH or different layers of same PDSCH can be transmitted from 2 or more different TRPs in same / different time / frequency resources, e.g., using spatial multiplexing. Two or more separate TCIs are provided for both TRPs. TCI1 for TRP1 and TCI2 for TRP2. In non-SBFD symbols, both the TRPs can be active. In SBFD

[0438] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 36

[0439] symbols, only one TRP is active. So, the TCI state corresponding to that TRP has to be used and the UE needs to know this information. The same rule applies for PUSCH as well.

[0440] In NR, a list of TCI states is provided in RRC to the UE, e.g., tci-StatesToAddModList in PDSCH-Config, dl-OrJointTCI-StateList-r17, or ULTCI state lists etc. As explained previously, every TCI state of any channel like PDSCH includes at least a reference signal, RS, and QCL information. In case of single TRP, a number of TCI states from the list provided in RRC is selected using MAC-CE (maximum 8). A bitmap is used where 1 means that the TCI state ID is selected and 0 means that it is not. A maximum of 8 TCI states out of the list can be selected by the MAC CE. These 8 selected TCI states are also called the codepoints. Then, the DCI chooses one TCI state using 3 bits out of the 8 activated TCI states. E.g., the TCI state selected by DCI will be applied to the scheduled PDSCH.

[0441] Fig. 7 shows an example of a MAC CE. Each row 241to 243is an octet, Oct (8 bits). The first row 241comprises the bandwidthpart (BWP) ID, the serving cell ID and the CORESET pool ID. The subsequent octets 242comprise the field corresponding to the TCI states 0,1, 2,....,15 From the list of TCI states in RRC, 8 codepoints 261to 268are selected using the MAC CE, as depicted by the hashed boxes.

[0442] In case of UL, an SRS resource ID is linked to a TCI state ID. Thus, during the PUSCH transmission, the TCI state used is the TCI state of the SRS resource that is indicated to the UE using the SRS resource indicator (SRI) field in DCI.

[0443] In case of multiple TRP, an enhanced TCI state framework is used. The MAC CE selects a number of TCI states using the TCI state ID (as in RRC) instead of a bitmap. Each codepoint in MAC CE can point to 2 TCI state IDs. Again, the DCI chooses one codepoint in the MAC CE using the 3 bits (since a maximum of 8 codepoints can be present in MAC CE) where one codepoint can map to 2 TCI states.

[0444] Fig. 8 shows an illustration, e.g., of an example where there are 2 TRPs in the system and the first TCI state indicated in row 242corresponds to the first TRP and the second TCI 243state corresponds to the second TRP.

[0445] During the PUSCH transmission, the TCI state used is the TCI state of the SRS resource that is indicated to the UE using the SRS resource indicator (SRI) field in DCI. For more than one TRP, multiple SRIs are indicated in the DCI.

[0446] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 37

[0447] Further, there may be used a unified TCI framework. As mentioned above, there can be separate lists for UL and DL TCI states in RRC or there can be DL / joint list. The DL / joint list serves 2 cases. In the first case, it can indicate that only one DL TCI state is applicable to both PDSCH and PDCCH in DL only. In the second case, it can indicate that the TCI state can be used for both UL and DL channels. In case of the unified TCI framework, the MAC CE has codepoints mapping to multiple TCI states.

[0448] An example is shown in Fig. 9 illustrating a unified TCI state activation / deactivation MAC CE. For example, if Pifield is set to 1, where i represents the ithTCI codepoint, then the ithTCI codepoint may include both UL and DL TCI states. If it is set to 0, then, it may include either UL or DL TCI state. If the D / U field is set to 1, then the TCI state ID is for joint / DL. If it is set to 0, then it is for UL.

[0449] The DCI may point to one codepoint of the MAC CE, e.g., using the 3 bits. Also, the select TCI field in DCI (2 bits) informs the UE if one (also which one) or both the TCI states indicated to the UE from dl-OrJointTCI-StateList-r17 is used or not. Further, the unified TCI framework can be extended to be used in a multi-TRP scenario.

[0450] As shown by referring to example 8 rows 241to 248in Fig. 10, in the enhanced unified TCI framework, the fields F and S may indicate whether 2 DL TCI states and 2 UL TCI states are present or not. E.g., if F1,1is 1, then for the first codepoint a first DL TCI state is present. If F1,2is 1 then for the first codepoint, the second DL TCI state is also present. Same applies for UL but using field S. It can be more than 2 (in case of more TRPs) if more fields are used in the MAC CE. This can be further extended to joint TCI states with more fields like F and S in the MAC CE for indication. In other words, Fig. 10 shows an enhanced unified TCI state activation / deactivation MAC CE for separate DL / UL TCI states.

[0451] Also, the basic framework of TCI selection can be extended to other channels / signals in UL and DL like PDCCH, for example, the TCI configuration and / or selection may be done by use of one or more of

[0452] • Sounding reference signals, SRS,

[0453] • Channel state information, CSI, e.g., CSI reference signals, CSI-RS, or channel quality information, CQI,

[0454] • Demodulation reference signals, DMRS,

[0455] • Positioning reference signals, PRS,

[0456] • Feedback information, e.g., HARQ-ACK or HARQ-NACK feedback,

[0457] • Scheduling requests, SR, or buffer status reports, BSRs.

[0458] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 38

[0459] That is, according to an embodiment a TCI state may be selected based on channel state information, CSI and / or a TCI state according to which the wireless interface is configured may be selected based on channel state information, CSI. As an alternative or in addition to the CSI, other feedback information such as HARQ-ACK and / or NACK feedback may be used as at least a part of a basis to select the TCI state and / or to determine the configuration of the wireless interface.

[0460] The existing TCI framework handles DL and UL in UL only or DL only symbols which are non-SBFD. When SBFD is enabled with mTRP, the TCI framework needs to be enhanced to handle DL and UL in the SBFD symbols.

[0461] Fig. 11 shows an example of possible TCI states indicated to the device, signalled to the device and / or selected by the device, i.e., possible cases of how TCI states can be provided for UL and / or DL in SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. Fig. 11 illustrates the possible cases of how TCI states 28 can be provided for UL and / or DL for different symbol types 18, 22 and 24 including SBFD symbols 22 and non-SBFD symbols 18, 24.

[0462] • Joint DL / UL and SBFD / non-SBFD TCI state, e.g., TCI state 283: The resources in DL in a non-SBFD symbol that are in the same frequency band as that of the resources in UL in an SBFD symbol can share the same TCI states. Hence, any transmission / reception here can be handled with indicating a single joint DL / UL TCI state.

[0463] o It allows that there can be only one TCI state list in RRC.

[0464] o The UE is indicated to use Joint DL / UL and SBFD / non-SBFD TCI state, e.g., TCI state 283, e.g., using RRC.

[0465] o Each codepoint in MAC CE can select a TCI state from such a list. The reserved bit in each octet can be used to indicate if such a joint TCI state is present. Or, if the UE is indicated to use Joint DL / UL and SBFD / non-SBFD TCI state in RRC (this is enabled), then this codepoint is present in MAC CE.

[0466] o The MAC CE for this might be completely separate from the existing ones. This can be indicated using some bits in the MAC CE.

[0467] ■ New bits in DCI can be used to refer to this MAC CE and select a codepoint.

[0468] ■ The UE can be indicated, i.e., instructed, configured or the like, that the DCI always refers to this MAC CE. For example, the UE is indicated to use Joint DL / UL and SBFD / non-SBFD TCI state in RRC (this is enabled). Then, the DCI that is received always points to this MAC CE.

[0469] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 39

[0470] o In case of unified TCI framework, each codepoint in MAC CE can now have this joint TCI state.

[0471] o Only one TCI state applies to DL / UL and SBFD / non-SBFD symbols. The DCI can select this.

[0472] • Separate UL TCI states: The UL TCI states in SBFD , e.g., TCI state 287and non- SBFD symbols, e.g., TCI state 285are separately indicated.

[0473] o The TCI state list for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols can be different in RRC. o A parameter in RRC indicates that UL TCI states in SBFD and non-SBFD symbols are separately indicated.

[0474] o Each SRS resource is linked to a corresponding TCI state.

[0475] o The MAC CE for SBFD and non SBFD symbols are different. This can be indicated using some bits in the MAC CE.

[0476] o In case of unified TCI framework, each codepoint in MAC CE can have TCI states for both SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

[0477] o In case of unified TCI framework, each codepoint in MAC CE can have only 1 TCI state ID for UL. However, for SBFD symbols, the TCI state ID is taken from the list for SBFD symbols and for non-SBFD symbols, the TCI state ID is taken from the list for non-SBFD symbols.

[0478] • Separate DL TCI states: The DL TCI states in SBFD symbols such as TCI state 286and non-SBFD symbols such as TCI state 282are separately indicated.

[0479] o The TCI state list for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols can be different in RRC. o A parameter in RRC indicates that DL TCI states in SBFD and non-SBFD symbols are separately indicated.

[0480] o The MAC CE for SBFD and non SBFD symbols are different. This can be indicated using some bits in the MAC CE.

[0481] o In case of unified TCI framework, each codepoint in MAC CE can have TCI states for both SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

[0482] o In case of unified TCI framework, each codepoint in MAC CE can have only 1 TCI state ID for DL. However, for SBFD symbols, the TCI state ID is taken from the list for SBFD symbols and for non-SBFD symbols, the TCI state ID is taken from the list for non-SBFD symbols.

[0483] • Joint non-SBFD DL and SBFD DL TCI state, e.g., TCI state 28i: The DL TCI states in SBFD and non-SBFD symbols are the same.

[0484] o Can follow the legacy TCI framework. However, for mTRP where multiple TCI states are indicated, only one TCI state can be selected / indicated for use in SBFD symbols. E.g., the first TCI state is always used in SBFD symbols.

[0485] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 40

[0486] • Joint non-SBFD UL and SBFD UL TCI state, e.g., TCI state 284: The UL TCI states in SBFD and non-SBFD symbols are the same.

[0487] o Can follow the legacy TCI framework. However, for mTRP where multiple TCI states are indicated, only one TCI state can be selected / indicated for use in SBFD symbols. E.g., indicating that the TCI state corresponding to the first SRS resource indicator (SRI) is to be used in SBFD symbols.

[0488] As described above, there could be an explicit indication of the TCI state. In another embodiment, the indication could be handled implicit, wherein combinations are possible according to embodiments. For an implicit indication, instead of a direct indication of the TCI state, a said UE could utilize a previously indicated TCI state. In one example, a TCI state could be indicated for a non-SBFD symbol, and in case of no explicit signalling of a separate TCI state for an SBFD symbol, the said UE could assume to use the same codepoint for the transmission within the SBFD symbol. Furthermore, this could depend on a constraint, which could be one or more of:

[0489] • The type of signal and / or channel, e.g., only allowed to use this for a particular channel, e.g., PDCCH or signal, e.g., feedback signal, e.g., CSI feedback, e.g., SRS or UL DMRS,

[0490] • The availability of a signal, e.g., in case no TCI state is indicated for the transmission within the SBFD symbol, the UE assumes that the latest or a fallback TCI state is to be used,

[0491] • The position of the transmission within the time / frequency grid: in case the frequency delta or the time delta between the transmission and a previous configuration is above or below a certain threshold, e.g., the configuration is too old, or the configuration has no validity yet (too soon), the UE is to apply or is not to apply a certain previous configuration,

[0492] • The geo-location of the UE: In case the UE is within a certain geolocation of the network, e.g., moving indoors, it is to apply a certain TCI state for the certain symbol type, • A device type: in case the device is of a given type, e.g., a reduced capability, RedCap, device, or in case the UE is a loT device, it may reuse or explicitly not reuse a previous TCI codepoint configuration.

[0493] Possible signaling of one or more of the following DL and / or UL allocations are described in the following. A relation between TCI states can be across time domain and / or frequency domains. Furthermore, these can be applied to FDD and / or TDD or supplemental DL and / or UL bands. As shown in Fig. 12, e.g., TCI states 281and 282and / or 283and 284can be linked by a link 321, 322respectively and between successive DL and UL parts of transmission using

[0494] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 41

[0495] an SBFD-enabled frame structure. It is to be noted that this does not preclude to have and handle guard bands in the frequency domain and / or guard periods in the time domain that are crossed by a link 32₂, 32₁ respectively.

[0496] A guard band in subband full duplex in 5G NR systems refers to a frequency band that is intentionally left unused between the uplink and downlink channels in order to prevent interference and maintain signal quality. This guard band helps to minimize the impact of selfinterference that occurs when transmitting and receiving signals simultaneously on the same frequency band. By creating a buffer zone between the two channels, the guard band ensures that the signals do not interfere with each other, allowing for more efficient and reliable communication in full duplex or subband full duplex systems.

[0497] A guard period in 5G NR systems refers to a specific time interval inserted between different transmissions and / or receptions of data to prevent overlapping and ensure proper signal separation. This guard period allows for sufficient time for the system to settle after a transmission or reception before the next one begins, reducing the risk of interference and improving overall system performance. Guard periods are crucial in maintaining the integrity and reliability of wireless communication in 5G NR systems by providing a buffer to mitigate any potential signal distortion or overlap.

[0498] However, some embodiments consider that if the gap in the time domain and / or the frequency domain is too large, the TCI state may not be valid anymore, such that the joint TCI state does not allow a successful transmission and / or reception. For example this may explicitly be indicated to the device and / or it may be configured / pre-configured and the device may interpret this itself as valid or invalid TCI state, e.g., if the time period is violated. That is, such a device may evaluate the guard period and / or guard band whether the joint TCI is valid, e.g., based on a frequency domain or time gap being below a predefined threshold.

[0499] In a further embodiment, both UL parts of a SBFD symbol (top) 22₂ and of a non-SBFD symbol 27₇ (bottom) can also be linked, indicating that the same TCI state can be applied in both parts of the spectrum. Further, both scenarios can also be mixed, such that a TCI state can be linked over both time and frequency domains. In other words, Fig. 12 shows Linked TCI states -across time and / or frequency domain.

[0500] In cases according to an embodiment and as shown in Fig. 13a-e, TCI states can be linked differently, e.g., via links 32, depending on the usage of resources in the different parts of the DL or UL spectrum. The different scenarios are shown in Fig. 13a - Fig. 13e. In these cases,

[0501] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc. DGCX an25006 / 2025F68049 42

[0502] any 2 DL or any 2 UL parts of any types of frames including at least one SBFD symbol can be linked and can be configured with a linked TCI state. Although this is depicted in adjacent frames or subframes across time domain in the figure below, this may not have to be limited to such scenarios. Thus, there may be time gaps in between any linked TCI states. These time gaps may be in the order of symbols or slots or sub-slots or frames or radioframes. Further, there may be a constraint attached to any two linked TCI states. Further, more than two and / or more than three TCI states may be linked, e.g., a number of at least three, at least four, at least five or even more.

[0503] Fig. 14a-e depicts the cases where only a single part of a SBFD or non-SBFD symbol is utilized, cases Fig. 14a-e. Here, as indicated in case A of Fig. 14a, the DL part of a SBFD symbol 22 can be linked to any prior TCI state, e.g., of the same symbol type (A) as indicated by link 32₁, or of a different symbol type as indicated in (B) as link 32₂. In a further embodiment, there may be constraints with respect to the frequency of a linked TCI state, e.g., the linked TCI state can only be applied within a certain frequency range, subband, subchannel, bandwidth part, BWP. Similarly, the DL part of a non-SBFD symbol 18 can be linked to any prior TCI state, as indicated in case B of Fig. 14b. The lower DL part of a SBFD symbol 22 can be linked to any prior TCI state, as indicated in case C of Fig. 14c. The UL part of a SBFD symbol 22 can be linked to any prior TCI state, as indicated in case D of Fig. 14d. The UL part of a non-SBFD symbol 24 can be linked to any prior TCI state, as indicated in case E of Fig. 14e. In other words, Fig. 14a-e show linked TCI states for partial allocations.

[0504] Further, there may also be larger guard bands between linked TCI states, e.g., guard bands in frequency domain which having a certain bandwidth, e.g., guard bands typically used in FDD systems to separate DL and UL bands. Linked TCI states could also be applied in such cases, e.g., across carriers having a configured or preconfigured bandwidth. Further, there may also be a bandwidth part, BWP, constraint attached, such that TCI states have to be within the same BWP, e.g., with respect to a BWP identifier, ID.

[0505] Fig. 15 depicts an example how TCI states may be used to link transmission and / or reception configurations of more than one component carrier (CC) 36. As one exemplary configuration case we assume two CCs 36₁ and 36₂ are operated both in SBFD and the non-SBFD and / or SBFD slots / symbols are synced or synchronised, aligned or shifted by a known (configurable) offset, then TCI states 28 can be used to indicate that e.g. UE data or control signalling is mapped to associated time / frequency resources across or on one or each of the two CCs. As one example, a particular TCI state 28 could indicate that a user plane data packet is mapped across the two CCs within the left part of each DL sub-band within the SBFD slots of each CC.

[0506] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 43

[0507] Another TCI 28 state could indicate a specific time of frequency shift relative to an absolute or relative radio resource reference point in one or both of the two CCs. Again, another TCI state 28 could indicate that either one or both CCs are used in the same way (equivalent resource regions) or deviating in a previously configured manner.

[0508] Furthermore, the linkage 32 between the more than one CCs can be concatenated with linkage of configurations for uplink and downlink. In the given example, e.g., a left part of Fig. 15 the allocated downlink resources in the non-SBFD downlink slot / symbol subject to TCI 28₁ may be equivalent to the uplink subband during the SBFD symbols / slots. In the given example the DL resources used in the aggregated second component carrier 36₁ may be equivalent to the DL resources in the other CC 36₂ are used as well, therefore allowing using a concatenated / implicit resources allocation using the TCI signalling framework.

[0509] By using the TCI state signalling framework the coordinated operation of aggregated CCs can be indicated in an efficient way to be used for transmission or reception using the aggregated CCs or for combined transmission / reception configurations using the Joint LIL / DL TCI state signalling.

[0510] The rules and UE behaviour described below for different scenarios can be applied to enhance the existing DL and / or UL TCI state framework or DL / joint TCI state / unified TCI state framework. In other words, Fig. 15 shows possible TCI state linkage across carriers, e.g., component carriers: TCI states used to signal transmission / reception strategies to be applied in e.g. two associated (aggregated) component carriers. SBFD symbol is interchangeable with SBFD slot or SBFD frame in this example.

[0511] TDM Scheme A

[0512] In the case of operating in TDM scheme A, the UE may receive two PDSCH transmission occasions of the same transport block (TB) with each TCI state associated to a PDSCH transmission occasion, e.g., one in symbols 42₃ to 42₆ and the other in symbols 42₉ to 42₁₁ wherein the number of occasions, the number of symbols per occasion and an arrangement thereof are selected for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the embodiment. The PDSCH occasion has non-overlapping time domain resource allocation with respect to the other PDSCH transmission occasion and both PDSCH transmission occasions shall be received within a given slot 44. An example is shown in Fig. 16. The same can be defined for UL transmissions.

[0513] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 44

[0514] Example rules and UE behaviour for TDM scheme A according to embodiments are described below, wherein each of the items, although being able to be combined with other items may be implemented without the respective other items.

[0515] • TCI state lists for SBFD and non-SBFD slots / symbols are same or different

[0516] o Configuration 1: All the symbols for both the occasions of PDSCH are restricted to either SBFD or non-SBFD symbols.

[0517] ■ For non-SBFD symbols, the legacy rule is followed where 2 TCI states are selected by single DCI. Each codepoint in MAC-CE contains 2 TCI states (legacy). The legacy rule is followed for UL as well.

[0518] ■ For SBFD symbols,

[0519] • Single TCI state is provided by DCI or MAC CE.

[0520] • 2 TCI states are provided out of which only 1 is chosen. The selection can happen based on some rule, e.g., the first one is always chosen. The rule can be defined in specification or indicated. Or the select TCI field in DCI or any other new field or reserved bits in DCI can be used to select only one TCI.

[0521] • Each codepoint in MAC-CE contains 1 or 2 TCI states (legacy).

[0522] • The legacy rule is followed where 2 TCI states are selected by single DCI.

[0523] ■ A joint TCI framework for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols in MAC CE is followed. E.g., each codepoint in MAC CE separately contains TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols or the codepoints for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols are separate. E.g., each codepoint has the first 2 TCI states for non-SBFD symbols. The third TCI state is for SBFD symbols.

[0524] • Further, each codepoint can also have LIL / DL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

[0525] ■ The DCI contains separate fields to select TCI states for SBFD and non- SBFD symbols. E.g., 3 bits for non-SBFD symbols and 2 / 3 bits for SBFD symbols.

[0526] ■ The MAC CE for TCI codepoints can be separately provided for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 1 bit is used to indicate on the MAC CE if it is for SBFD symbols or non-SBFD symbols. This 1 bit can be a reserved bit. Further, the same bits in DCI can be used to point to the codepoints in both the MAC CEs. E.g., if DCI indicates codepoint 3 then codepoint 3 is selected for both SBFD and non-SBFD MAC CEs. o Configuration 2: If one occasion falls on SBFD symbols and the other occasion falls on non-SBFD symbols (within an occasion, symbol type is same).

[0527] ■ Legacy rule is followed for non-SBFD symbols, and a different rule is followed for SBFD symbols. E.g., 2 TCI states are provided. For non- SBFD symbols, both can be used. For SBFD symbols, only 1 is chosen. The selection can happen based on some rule, e.g., the first one is always chosen. The rule can be defined in specification or indicated. Or the select TCI field in DCI or any other new field or reserved bits in DCI can be used to select only one TCI.

[0528] ■ A new rule is defined

[0529] • Each codepoint in MAC CE separately contains TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., each codepoint has the first 2 TCI states for non-SBFD symbols. The third TCI state is for SBFD symbols.

[0530] o Further, each codepoint can also have LIL / DL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

[0531] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc. DCCX25006 / 2025F68049 45

[0532] • The DCI contains separate fields to select TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 3 bits for non-SBFD symbols and 2 bits for SBFD symbols.

[0533] • The MAC CE for TCI codepoints can be separately provided for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 1 bit is used to indicate on the MAC CE if it is for SBFD symbols or non-SBFD symbols. This 1 bit can be a reserved bit. Further, the same bits in DCI can be used to point to the codepoints in both the MAC CEs. E.g., if DCI indicates codepoint 3 then codepoint 3 is selected for both SBFD and non-SBFD MAC CEs.

[0534] ■ The DCI updates the TCI state every time for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols.

[0535] Inter-slot Repetition

[0536] • An example but not limiting repetition number is 2 where the repetition number in time domain is provided in RRC to the UE.

[0537] o The applied rules can be similar to TDM scheme A since it is repetition of 2 but within a slot.

[0538] • Cyclic mapping may be implemented according to Fig. 17 showing inter-slot repetition with cyclic mapping:

[0539] When cyclicMapping is enabled, the first and second TCI states are applied to the first and second PDSCH transmission occasions 46₁, 46₂ using slots 44₁ to 44₄ (in any number), respectively, and the same TCI mapping pattern continues to the remaining PDSCH transmission occasions, e.g., of PDSCH 46₁ using TCI1, PDSCH 46₂ using TCI2 respectively and as shown in Fig. 17.

[0540] ■ TCI state lists for SBFD and non-SBFD slots / symbols are same or different • Configuration 1 with all the symbols within one occasion are restricted to either SBFD or non-SBFD

[0541] o The existing cyclic mapping pattern is followed based on the valid symbol type. E.g., if the valid symbol type is non-SBFD, then the cyclic mapping pattern is only followed in non-SBFD symbols. o 2 TCI states are provided. For non-SBFD symbols, both can be used, e.g., using the legacy rule. For SBFD symbols, only 1 is chosen. The selection can happen based on some rule, e.g., the first one is always chosen. The rule can be defined in specification or indicated. Or the select TCI field in DCI or any other new field or reserved bits in DCI can be used to select only one TCI. TCI states are provided but 1 is selected based on some rules. E.g., if the valid symbol type is SBFD then only 1 TCI state is selected by the DCI. In another embodiment, the legacy rule is followed for SBFD symbols where 2 TCI states are selected by single DCI. E.g., in one occasion on an SBFD slot, the first TCI is used while in the next occasion on an SBFD slot, the second TCI is used.

[0542] o Each codepoint in MAC CE separately contains TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., each codepoint has the first 2 TCI states for non-SBFD symbols. The third TCI state is for

[0543] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 46

[0544] SBFD symbols. The TCI is chosen based on whether the symbol is SBFD or non-SBFD.

[0545] ■ Further, each codepoint can also have LIL / DL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately. o The DCI contains separate fields to select TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 3 bits for non-SBFD symbols and 2 bits for SBFD symbols.

[0546] o The MAC CE for TCI codepoints can be separately provided for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 1 bit is used to indicate on the MAC CE if it is for SBFD symbols or non-SBFD symbols. This 1 bit can be a reserved bit. Further, the same bits in DCI can be used to point to the codepoints in both the MAC CEs. E.g., if DCI indicates codepoint 3 then codepoint 3 is selected for both SBFD and non-SBFD MAC CEs.

[0547] • Configuration 2 with all the symbols within one occasion are restricted to either SBFD or non-SBFD

[0548] o A new rule is defined. E.g., the SBFD symbols use TCI1 and the non-SBFD symbols use TCI2. 2 TCI states are provided out of which only 1 is chosen. The selection can happen based on some rule, e.g., the first one is always chosen

[0549] ■ The rule can be specified in the specification or provided in RRC signal.

[0550] o Each codepoint in MAC CE separately contains TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., each codepoint has the first 2 TCI states for non-SBFD symbols. The third TCI state is for SBFD symbols.

[0551] ■ Further, each codepoint can also have LIL / DL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately. o The DCI contains separate fields to select TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 3 bits for non-SBFD symbols and 2 bits for SBFD symbols.

[0552] o The MAC CE for TCI codepoints can be separately provided for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 1 bit is used to indicate on the MAC CE if it is for SBFD symbols or non-SBFD symbols. This 1 bit can be a reserved bit. Further, the same bits in DCI can be used to point to the codepoints in both the MAC CEs. E.g., if DCI indicates codepoint 3 then codepoint 3 is selected for both SBFD and non-SBFD MAC CEs.

[0553] o The DCI updates the TCI state every time for SBFD and non- SBFD symbols.

[0554] o The counting for the mapping is done separately for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., only one fixed TCI state is used for SBFD symbols while a cyclic mapping with 2 TCI states is done for the non-SBFD symbols.

[0555] o The counters for redundancy versions (RV) are separate for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols.

[0556] o Only one counter is used for the mapping for SBFD and non- SBFD symbols

[0557] o Only one counter is used for updating the RVs for SBFD and non- SBFD symbols.

[0558] • Sequential mapping

[0559] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 47

[0560] When sequentialMapping is enabled, first TCI state is applied to the first and second PDSCH transmission occasions of slots 44₁ and 44₂, and the second TCI state is applied to the third and fourth PDSCH transmission occasions 44₃ and 44₄, and the same TCI mapping pattern continues to the remaining PDSCH transmission occasions. Rules similar to cyclic mapping will be applicable here as well.

[0561] FDM scheme A or B

[0562] When the UE is set to 'fdmSchemeA', the UE shall receive a single PDSCH transmission occasion of the TB with each TCI state associated to a non-overlapping frequency domain resource as shown in Fig. 18 relating to FDM scheme A. When the UE is set to 'fdmSchemeB', the UE shall receive two PDSCH transmission occasions 46₁ and 46₂ of the same TB with each TCI state associated to a PDSCH transmission occasion which has non-overlapping frequency domain resource allocation with respect to the other PDSCH transmission.

[0563] If the allocation is wideband, the first half of the PRBs are assigned to the first TCI state and the remaining PRBs are assigned to the second TCI state. If the allocation is PRG based, even PRGs within the allocated frequency domain resources are assigned to the first TCI state and odd PRGs within the allocated frequency domain resources are assigned to the second TCI state.

[0564] This can also be extended to more than 2 TRPs, e.g., 3 TRPs. E.g., if the allocation is wideband, the whole allocation is divided into 3 parts in frequency domain. The first part is assigned to the first TCI state, the second part is assigned to the second TCI state and the remaining PRBs are assigned to the third TCI state. Further, a cyclic mapping of TCI states can also be done similar to cyclic mapping of TCI states in case of time domain repetition. E.g., if the allocation is wideband, the whole allocation is divided into 3 parts in frequency domain. The first part is assigned to the first TCI state, the second part is assigned to the second TCI state and the remaining PRBs are assigned to the first TCI state, and the pattern repeats in case of more parts. A sequential mapping of the TCI states in frequency domain can also be done. However, if the allocation is PRG based, a rule can be defined on which PRGs should use which TCI state.

[0565] Further for 'fdmSchemeB', instead of 2 occasions, there can be multiple occasions. Each occasion can have a different TCI state. In another embodiment, the TCI can be mapped on each occasion in a cyclic way. E. g., occasion 1 has TCI state 1, occasion 2 has TCI state 2, occasion 3 has TCI state 3 and so on. Also, sequential mapping is also possible. In another

[0566] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc. DGCX an25006 / 2025F68049 48

[0567] embodiment, some occasions can fall on SBFD symbols while some can fall on non-SBFD symbols. In that case, separate counters for cyclic / sequential mapping and / or mapping of RVs might have to be maintained.

[0568] ■ TCI state lists for SBFD and non-SBFD slots / symbols are same or different • Configuration 1 with all the symbols within one occasion are restricted to either SBFD or non-SBFD

[0569] o The existing mapping pattern is followed based on the valid symbol type.

[0570] o 2 TCI states are provided. For non-SBFD symbols, both can be used, e.g., using the legacy rule. For SBFD symbols, only 1 is chosen. The selection can happen based on some rule, e.g., the first one is always chosen. The rule can be defined in specification or indicated. Or the select TCI field in DCI or any other new field or reserved bits in DCI can be used to select only one TCI. TCI states are provided but 1 is selected based on some rules. E.g., if the valid symbol type is SBFD then only 1 TCI state is selected by the DCI. In another embodiment, the legacy rule is followed for SBFD symbols where 2 TCI states are selected by single DCI.

[0571] o Each codepoint in MAC CE separately contains TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., each codepoint has the first 2 TCI states for non-SBFD symbols. The third TCI state is for SBFD symbols. The TCI is chosen based on whether the symbol is SBFD or non-SBFD.

[0572] ■ Further, each codepoint can also have LIL / DL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately. o The DCI contains separate fields to select TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 3 bits for non-SBFD symbols and 2 bits for SBFD symbols.

[0573] o The MAC CE for TCI codepoints can be separately provided for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 1 bit is used to indicate on the MAC CE if it is for SBFD symbols or non-SBFD symbols. This 1 bit can be a reserved bit. Further, the same bits in DCI can be used to point to the codepoints in both the MAC CEs. E.g., if DCI indicates codepoint 3 then codepoint 3 is selected for both SBFD and non-SBFD MAC CEs.

[0574] • Configuration 2 with all the symbols within one occasion are restricted to either SBFD or non-SBFD

[0575] o A new rule is defined. E.g., the SBFD symbols use TCI1 and the non-SBFD symbols use TCI2. 2 TCI states are provided out of which only 1 is chosen. The selection can happen based on some rule, e.g., the first one is always chosen

[0576] ■ The rule can be specified in the specification or provided in RRC signal.

[0577] o Each codepoint in MAC CE separately contains TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., each codepoint has the first 2 TCI states for non-SBFD symbols. The third TCI state is for SBFD symbols.

[0578] ■ Further, each codepoint can also have LIL / DL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

[0579] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP 2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc. DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 49

[0580] o The DCI contains separate fields to select TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 3 bits for non-SBFD symbols and 2 bits for SBFD symbols.

[0581] o The MAC CE for TCI codepoints can be separately provided for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., 1 bit is used to indicate on the MAC CE if it is for SBFD symbols or non-SBFD symbols. This 1 bit can be a reserved bit. Further, the same bits in DCI can be used to point to the codepoints in both the MAC CEs. E.g., if DCI indicates codepoint 3 then codepoint 3 is selected for both SBFD and non-SBFD MAC CEs.

[0582] o The DCI updates the TCI state every time for SBFD and non- SBFD symbols.

[0583] o The counting for the mapping is done separately for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols specifically in case of occasions in FDM scheme B. E.g., only one fixed TCI state is used for SBFD symbols while a cyclic mapping with 2 TCI states is done for the non-SBFD symbols.

[0584] o The counters for redundancy versions (RV) are separate for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols, e.g., in case of occasions in FDM scheme B.

[0585] o Only one counter is used for the mapping for SBFD and non- SBFD symbols.

[0586] o Only one counter is used for updating the RVs for SBFD and non- SBFD symbols.

[0587] Apart from the above-mentioned schemes, certain other UE behaviour / signalling may also be defined. For example,

[0588] • CG Type 1: The UE is indicated UL only TCI or joint TCI using DCI. applylndicatedTCI- State in RRC tells the UE whether to use the first TCI or the second or both. applylndicatedTCI-State can be different for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. E.g., for non-SBFD symbols, both TCI states can be applied while for SBFD symbols only one TCI state can be applied.

[0589] PDCCH

[0590] According to an embodiment, every UE may be configured with a number of search space sets with unique search space IDs. These search spaces are the time and frequency locations where the UE is supposed to monitor for downlink control information. Each search space is linked to a control resource set which has a control resource set ID (CORESET ID). TCI state list(s) are also configured for the PDCCH like in case of PDSCH. Further, every CORESET ID may be associated with a CORESET pool index. It is expected that different CORESET pool index means that the CORESETs are from different TRPs. E.g., if CORESET ID 1 is associated with CORESET pool index 0 and CORESET ID 2 is associated with CORESET pool index 1, then CORESET ID 1 and CORESET ID 2 are transmitted from 2 different TRPs.

[0591] Fig. 19 shows the MAC CE 1900 for PDCCH TCI state activation. For PDCCH, the TCI state list may be provided, for example, in RRC, e.g., in PDCCH Config. The MAC CE 1900 may

[0592] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 50

[0593] provide the TCI state that is associated with the CORESET ID. Hence, when the UE monitors the CORESET with this CORESET ID, it uses the indicated TCI state.

[0594] In case of transmission of PDCCH from multiple TRPs, e.g., PDCCH repetition from 2 TRPs, the 2 search space sets are explicitly linked in RRC with certain similar parameters, e.g., having same periodicity. Each of the search space sets is associated with a CORESET ID which has different TCI states. For non-SBFD symbols, the DL transmission is possible from both the TRPs. Hence, the legacy mechanism can be reused. However, for SBFD symbols, only one TRP might be active for DL, e.g., TRP1 and so only one TCI state. This needs to be indicated to the UE. There can be multiple ways of doing this:

[0595] • The TCI state ID to be used in SBFD symbols for receiving PDCCH is explicitly indicated to the UE.

[0596] • Different sets of CORESET IDs or search space sets are configured for SBFD symbols as compared to non-SBFD symbols.

[0597] • The CORESET pool index to be active for SBFD symbols is explicitly indicated to the UE or implicitly derived, e.g., CORESET pool index value of 0 is used for SBFD symbols, another CORESET pool index value other than 0 is used for non-SBFD symbols.

[0598] • The MAC CE for SBFD symbols is separately indicated.

[0599] However, there can be cases where the legacy mechanism is followed in the SBFD symbols as well.

[0600] In case of transmission of PDCCH from multiple TRPs, e.g., PDCCH repetition from at least two TRPs, the at least two search space sets are explicitly linked in RRC with certain similar parameters, e.g., having same periodicity. Each of the search space sets is associated with a CORESET ID which has different TCI states. For non-SBFD symbols, the DL transmission is possible from both the TRPs. Hence, the legacy mechanism can be reused. However, for SBFD symbols, only one TRP might be active for DL, e.g., TRP1 and so only one TCI state. This needs to be indicated to the UE. There can be multiple ways of doing this:

[0601] • The TCI state ID to be used in SBFD symbols for receiving PDCCH is explicitly indicated to the UE.

[0602] • Different sets of CORESET IDs or search space sets are configured for SBFD symbols as compared to non-SBFD symbols.

[0603] • The CORESET pool index to be active for SBFD symbols is explicitly indicated to the UE or implicitly derived, e.g., CORESET pool index value of 0 is used for SBFD symbols, another CORESET pool index value other than 0 is used for non-SBFD symbols.

[0604] • The MAC CE for SBFD symbols is separately indicated.

[0605] However, there can be cases where the legacy mechanism is followed in the SBFD symbols as well.

[0606] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 51

[0607] MAC CE 2000 shown in Fig. 20 and / or the MAC CE 2100 shown in Fig. 21 can be modified to also cover TCI state configuration for SBFD symbols:

[0608] • Utilize reserved bits - marked with R:

[0609] o Bits 48₁ / 48₂: To indicate a further core set Pool ID, which could be a Pool ID valid for a said symbol type, e.g., only for SBFD or only for non-SBFD symbols o Bits 48₃ / 48₄: To indicate that this configuration is valid for a said symbol type, e.g., only for SBFD or only for non-SBFD symbols, in combination with the D / U field, this may indicate the SBFD link direction, e.g., SBFD-D or SBFD-U o Bit 4824in Fig. 21: To indicate that this TCI state will be used for SBFD symbols.

[0610] E.g., if a bit 4824 or R is 1, then this TCI state will be used for both SBFD and non-SBFD symbols. If it is 0, then it will be only used for non-SBFD symbols. It can apply to both DL and UL TCI states.

[0611] • Bits 48₁₃ to 48₁₆: Utilized the BWP ID field: typically, DL BWP and UL BWP ID have a different ID. In case the ID is set to the same value, e.g., of a DL BWP ID or TDD BWP ID, this additional information could be used to indicate that this MAC CE is only valid for a said symbol type in the said BWP ID, e.g., the SBFD symbol type. The D / U field would then indicate the link direction within the SBFD symbol type.

[0612] • Bits 48₁₇ to 48₂₃: the TCI states field could be segregated, e.g., the number of bits used for signalling a TCI state ID can be reduced, e.g., only 3 or 4 bits within an octet are used to signal the TCI state. Furthermore, the TCI state ID field can be split to have 1 bit indicating the symbol type, e.g., SBFD symbol, in combination with this mode indication triggered by setting a reserved bit, an extended core set pool ID, or an indirect signalling using the BWP ID, e.g., in case the same ID is set. The number of possible TCI states could be reduced, e.g., from using 7-Bits having 128 possible TCI states to 6-Bits, e.g., having 64 possible TCI states. Also, other possibilities with a reduced number of bits for the TCI states could be chosen.

[0613] • Bits 48₅ to 48₁₂, e.g., of octet 24₃ₐ and / or one or more of Oct 6a, 24a or bits Q1 to Q8: Such a new octet can indicate if each codepoint has more than existing DL and / or UL TCI states. E.g., first codepoint has a DL TCI state and an UL TCI state for non- SBFD symbols. If Q1 is 1 then, the first codepoint also has a DL TCI state for SBFD symbols. Also, whether the octet will be present or not can be indicated in RRC.

[0614] Note that an implementation of a single embodiment of the above and / or a group of thereof in any combination, or all implementations is possible.

[0615] Whilst Fig. 20 shows a possible implementation of SBFD with unified TCI state activation / deactivation MAC CE, Fig. 21 shows a possible implementation of SBFD with enhanced unified TCI state activation / deactivation MAC CE.

[0616] RRC IE Extensions for SBFD TCI

[0617] In the following some possible examples of RRC lEs in accordance with embodiments are shown, nevertheless not limiting the embodiments.

[0618] Example A:

[0619] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 52

[0620] PDSCH- Conf ig:: = SEQUENCE {

[0621] tci - StatesToAddModList SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrofTCI - States ) ) OF TCI - State OPTIONAL, - - Need N

[0622] tci - StatesToReleaseList SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrofTCI - States ) ) OF TCI - Stateld OPTIONAL, - -Need N ligagEStgg^ SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrof TCI - States ) ) OF TCI - State OPTIONAL, - - Need N SilfiiiifillRglifi^ SEQUENCE (SIZE ( l.. maxNrofTCI - States ) ) OF TCI - Stateld OPTIONAL,

[0623]

[0624] - - Need N

[0625] symbol Type ENUMERATED { SBFD, nonSBFD },

[0626] dl -Or JointTCI - StateList - rl7 CHOICE {

[0627] explicitlist SEQUENCE {

[0628] dl -Or JointTCI - StateToAddModList - rl7 SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrofTCI - States ) ) OF TCI - State OPTIONAL, - - Need N

[0629] dl -Or JointTCI - StateToReleaseList - rl7 SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrofTCI - States ) ) OF TCI - Stateld OPTIONAL - - Need N

[0630] b

[0631] uni f iedTCI - StateRef - r 17 ServingCellAndBWP- Id- rl7

[0632] }

[0633] digQ®Siltggl CHOICE { explicitlist SEQUENCE { dl -Or JointTCI - StateToAddModList - rl7 SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrofTCI - States ) ) OF TCI - State OPTIONAL, - - Need N dl -Or JointTCI - StateToReleaseList - rl7 SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrofTCI - States ) ) OF TCI - Stateld OPTIONAL - - Need N dlgSflSiltlCj^ SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrof TCI - States ) ) OF TCI - State OPTIONAL, - - Need N dlJSfiSiltlC^ SEQUENCE (SIZE ( 1.. maxNrof TCI - States ) ) OF TCI -

[0634]

[0635] Stateld OPTIONAL - - Need N b

[0636] uni f iedTCI - StateRef - r 17 ServingCellAndBWP- Id- rl7

[0637] }

[0638] MAglgglSgii ENUMERATED { enabled }

[0639]

[0640] PDCCH- Conf ig:: = SEQUENCE {

[0641] gggl ji ENUMERATED { SBFD, nonSBFD },

[0642] ControlResourceSetSBFD...

[0643] MAg|fE|fBFi ENUMERATED { enabled }

[0644] B:

[0645] ControlResourceSet:: = SEQUENCE {

[0646] ...

[0647] ...

[0648] gpggseJPopffllndexsgggD

[0649] g|ffi§glTjie ENUMERATED { SBFD, nonSBFD },

[0650] CSiliilRffO^:: = SEQUENCE {

[0651] ...

[0652]

[0653] tci - StatePDCCH- SBFD- ToReleasesList...

[0654] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 53

[0655] cor eset Pool Index- SBFD

[0656] symbolType ENUMERATED { SBFD, nonSBFD},

[0657] Example C:

[0658] MIMO-ParametersPerBand:: = SEQUENCE {

[0659] unif iedJointTCISBFD ENUMERATED { supported / enabled}

[0660] ENUMERATED { supported / enabled} mBOSBFD ENUMERATED { supported / enabled}

[0661]

[0662] Example D: General IES

[0663] j ointDL-UL-SBFD-nonSBFD-TClst te ENUMERATED { supported / enabled} j ointDL-DL-SBFD-nonSBFD-TCIstate ENUMERATED { supported / enabled}

[0664]

[0665] ENUMERATED { supported / enabled} separateUL- TCI state ENUMERATED { supported / enabled} separateDL- TCI state ENUMERATED { supported / enabled}

[0666] Description of parameters described herein:

[0667] Parameter name Description

[0668] tci- TCI state list for SBFD symbols to be added StatesToAddModListSBFD

[0669] tci- TCI state list for SBFD symbols to be released StatesToReleaseListSBFD

[0670] Whether the IE in which this is contained, e.g., PDCCH or symbolType

[0671] PDSCH, will be applicable for SBFD or non-SBFD symbols, dl-Or JointTCI- DL / joint TCI state list for SBFD symbols

[0672] S tat eList SBFD

[0673] dl-Or JointTCI- DL / joint TCI state list for SBFD symbols to be added StateToAddModListSBFD

[0674] dl-Or JointTCI- DL / joint TCI state list for SBFD symbols to be released StateToReleaseListSBFD

[0675] Indicates whether a separate MAC-CE is present for indicating MAC -CE- SBFD

[0676] TCI states for SBFD symbols

[0677] CORESETs to be monitored in SBFD symbols. Further, this can Cont rolRe sourceSet SBFD also mean that the legacy parameter for configuring CORESETs to be monitored will be only restricted to non-SBFD symbols. The

[0678]

[0679] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 54

[0680] CORESETs indicated in this parameter will be applicable to both SBFD and non-SBFD symbols.

[0681] tci-StatePDCCH-SBFD- TCI state list for SBFD symbols to be added for PDCCH ToAddList

[0682] tci-StatePDCCH-SBFD- TCI state list for SBFD symbols to be released for PDCCH ToReleasesList

[0683] coresetPool Index- SBFD The CORESET pool index which corresponds to SBFD symbols.

[0684] This indicates if unified and joint TCI framework is

[0685] uni f i ed Joint TCI SBFD

[0686] supported / enabled for SBFD symbols or not.

[0687] This indicates if there is an additional MAC CE for SBFD symbols additionalMAC-CE-SBFD

[0688] to indicate TCI states

[0689] mTRP-SBFD This indicates if SBFD with multi-TRP is supported / enabled or not j ointDL-UL-SBFD- This indicates if joint DL and UL TCI for both SBFD and non- nonSBFD- TCI state SBFD symbols is supported / enabled or not

[0690] j ointDL-DL-SBFD- This indicates if joint DL TCI for both SBFD and non-SBFD nonSBFD- TCI state symbols is supported / enabled or not

[0691] j ointUL-UL-SBFD- This indicates if joint UL TCI for both SBFD and non-SBFD nonSBFD- TCI state symbols is supported / enabled or not

[0692] This indicates if separate UL TCI for SBFD and non-SBFD separateUL- TCI state

[0693] symbols is supported / enabled or not

[0694] This indicates if separate DL TCI for SBFD and non-SBFD separateDL- TCI state

[0695] symbols is supported / enabled or not

[0696]

[0697] Note: Every parameter defined for SBFD symbols can also be defined for non-SBFD symbols. E.g., parameter MAC-CE-SBFD can be parameter MAC-CE-nonSBFD which may indicate if there is a separate MAC CE for non-SBFD symbols.

[0698] A further enhancement of the TCI signaling framework could go beyond indication of transmission and / or associated reception strategies with respect to spatial relationships of channels, signals or beamformers used for Downlink, Uplink or into both directions, across different time instances, e.g. frame, slots or symbols or with respect to different TRPs operated in transmission and / or reception mode for downlink and / or uplink.

[0699] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 55

[0700] The inventors propose to use the TCI framework to indicate the use of one or more particular signal waveforms to be applied when transmitting a particular control or user plane message to a particular user or a group of users. Furthermore, by receiving this TCI, a receiving device is instructed / configured to receive the message with a particular receiver waveform filter matching the applied transmission waveform filter used by the transmitter. Another further use of the TCI for waveform signaling would allow a receiving device to be configured to use / apply a particular waveform into the opposite direction when transmitting a signal / message towards the device sending the TCI or towards a further device, e.g. when performing a relaying function.

[0701] Beyond the use of TCI for waveform signaling associated with a transmitted signal / message received by the device or a signal / message to be transmitted by the receiving device the TCI framework could be further applied to signal particular code rates (e.g. ½ rate code or punctured variants), selected channel or forward error correcting codes (Turbo codes, LDPC, Polar codes,...) used for control and / or data plane, interleavers and other configurable parameters of the physical layer processing used for messages to a particular user or group of users.

[0702] According to embodiments relate to such a waveform recognition, additional embodiments and aspects of the invention will be described which can be used individually or in combination with any of the features and functionalities and details described herein. For example:

[0703] 134. A device such as a user equipment, UE, configured for operating in a wireless communication network, wherein the device comprises:

[0704] a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network;

[0705] a control unit for being configurable with at least one transmission configuration indication, TCI, of a TCI framework, e.g., each user is individually informed, associated with a signal transmitted in the wireless communication network,

[0706] wherein the device is adapted to process the TCI to derive a waveform configuration used for transmitting the signal; or used for receiving the signal.

[0707] 135. The device of aspect 134, wherein waveform configuration relates to at least one or more of:

[0708] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 56

[0709] Multi-carrier waveform, e.g., OFDM, TDMA, single-carrier waveform, e.g., SC-FDMA, OTFS, multi-numerology waveform, different numerologies; NOMA, FDMA, SDMA, CDMA and GMSK associated with the wireless signal.

[0710] 136. The device of aspect 134 or 135 adapted to use the waveform configuration for a reception of the wireless signal based on the waveform configuration and / or a transmission of the wireless signal based on the waveform configuration.

[0711] A corresponding method may relate to operating a device such as a user equipment, UE, in a wireless communication network, wherein the method comprises:

[0712] configuring a control unit with at least one transmission configuration indication, TCI, of a TCI framework, e.g., each user is individually informed, associated with a signal transmitted in the wireless communication network,

[0713] such that the device is adapted to process the TCI to derive a waveform configuration used for transmitting the signal; or used for receiving the signal.

[0714] Further aspects relate a radio device of any one of the previous aspects, wherein the radio device is one or more of the following: a base station, BS, a macro cell base station, or a small cell base station, or a central unit, CU, of a base station, or a distributed unit, DU, of a base station, or an Integrated Access and Backhaul, IAB, node, or a road side unit, RSU, or a WiFi access point, AP, or a UE, or a sidelink, SL, UE, or a group leader UE, GL-UE, or a relay or a remote radio head, or an AMF, or an SMF, or a core network, CN, entity, or mobile edge computing, MEC, entity, or a network slice as in the NR or 5G core context, or any transmission and reception point, TRP, one of a TRP as in multi-TRP, mTRP, enabling an item or a device to communicate using the wireless communication network, the item or device being provided with network connectivity to communicate using the wireless communication network, or a nonterrestrial device, e.g., a moving or stationary air-borne device, like a drone, an unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV, or an airplane, or a moving or stationary space-borne device, like a low earth orbit, LEO, satellite, like a LEO-600 satellite or a LEO-1200 satellite, a medium earth orbit, MEO, satellite, ora geosynchronous earth orbit, GEO, satellite.

[0715] Another aspect relates to a device such as a user equipment, UE, configured for operating in a wireless communication network, wherein the device comprises:

[0716] a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network;

[0717] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 57

[0718] a control unit for being configurable with at least one transmission configuration indication, TCI, of a TCI framework associated with a signal transmitted in the wireless communication network,

[0719] wherein the device is adapted to process the TCI to derive a waveform configuration used for transmitting the signal; or used for receiving the signal.

[0720] Such a device may be adapted that the waveform configuration relates to at least one or more of:

[0721] Multi-carrier waveform, e.g., OFDM, TDMA, single-carrier waveform, e.g., SC-FDMA, OTFS, multi-numerology waveform, different numerologies; NOMA, FDMA, SDMA, CDMA and GMSK associated with the wireless signal.

[0722] Various elements and features of the present invention may be implemented in hardware using analogue and / or digital circuits, in software, through the execution of instructions by one or more general purpose or special-purpose processors, or as a combination of hardware and software. For example, embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the environment of a computer system or another processing system. Fig. 22 illustrates an example of a computer system 600. The units or modules as well as the steps of the methods performed by these units may execute on one or more computer systems 600. The computer system 600 includes one or more processors 602, like a special purpose or a general-purpose digital signal processor. The processor 602 is connected to a communication infrastructure 604, like a bus or a network. The computer system 600 includes a main memory 606, e.g., a random-access memory (RAM), and a secondary memory 608, e.g., a hard disk drive and / or a removable storage drive. The secondary memory 608 may allow computer programs or other instructions to be loaded into the computer system 600. The computer system 600 may further include a communications interface 610 to allow software and data to be transferred between computer system 600 and external devices. The communication may be in the form of electronic, electromagnetic, optical, or other signals capable of being handled by a communications interface. The communication may use a wire or a cable, fibre optics, a phone line, a cellular phone link, an RF link and other communications channels 612.

[0723] The terms “computer program medium” and “computer readable medium” are used to generally refer to tangible storage media such as removable storage units or a hard disk installed in a hard disk drive. These computer program products are means for providing

[0724] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 58

[0725] software to the computer system 600. The computer programs, also referred to as computer control logic, are stored in main memory 606 and / or secondary memory 608. Computer programs may also be received via the communications interface 610. The computer program, when executed, enables the computer system 600 to implement the present invention. In particular, the computer program, when executed, enables processor 602 to implement the processes of the present invention, such as any of the methods described herein. Accordingly, such a computer program may represent a controller of the computer system 600. Where the disclosure is implemented using software, the software may be stored in a computer program product and loaded into computer system 600 using a removable storage drive, an interface, like communications interface 610.

[0726] The implementation in hardware or in software may be performed using a digital storage medium, for example cloud storage, a floppy disk, a DVD, a Blue-Ray, a CD, a ROM, a PROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM or a FLASH memory, having electronically readable control signals stored thereon, which cooperate (or are capable of cooperating) with a programmable computer system such that the respective method is performed. Therefore, the digital storage medium may be computer readable.

[0727] Some embodiments according to the invention comprise a data carrier having electronically readable control signals, which are capable of cooperating with a programmable computer system, such that one of the methods described herein is performed.

[0728] Generally, embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as a computer program product with a program code, the program code being operative for performing one of the methods when the computer program product runs on a computer. The program code may for example be stored on a machine-readable carrier.

[0729] Other embodiments comprise the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein, stored on a machine-readable carrier. In other words, an embodiment of the inventive method is, therefore, a computer program having a program code for performing one of the methods described herein, when the computer program runs on a computer.

[0730] A further embodiment of the inventive methods is, therefore, a data carrier (or a digital storage medium, or a computer-readable medium) comprising, recorded thereon, the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein. A further embodiment of the inventive method is, therefore, a data stream or a sequence of signals representing the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein. The data stream or

[0731] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 59

[0732] the sequence of signals may for example be configured to be transferred via a data communication connection, for example via the Internet. A further embodiment comprises a processing means, for example a computer, or a programmable logic device, configured to or adapted to perform one of the methods described herein. A further embodiment comprises a computer having installed thereon the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein.

[0733] In some embodiments, a programmable logic device (for example a field programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functionalities of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, a field programmable gate array may cooperate with a microprocessor in order to perform one of the methods described herein. Generally, the methods are preferably performed by any hardware apparatus.

[0734] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative for the principles of the present invention. It is understood that modifications and variations of the arrangements and the details described herein are apparent to others skilled in the art. It is the intent, therefore, to be limited only by the scope of the impending patent claims and not by the specific details presented by way of description and explanation of the embodiments herein.

[0735] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 60

[0736] Abbreviation Definition Further description 2G second generation

[0737] 3G third generation

[0738] 3GPP third generation partnership project

[0739] 3PC third-party controller

[0740] 4G fourth generation

[0741] 5G fifth generation

[0742] 5GC 5G core network

[0743] AAS active antenna system

[0744] AAU advanced antenna unit

[0745] ACLR adjacent channel leakage ratio

[0746] ADC analogue-to-digital converter

[0747] AESA active electronically steered arrays

[0748] AF application function

[0749] AP access point

[0750] ARQ automatic repeat request

[0751] AU antenna unit

[0752] BER bit-error rate

[0753] BLER block-error rate

[0754] BP behaviour plane

[0755] BS basestation transceiver

[0756] BT Bluetooth

[0757] BTS basestation transceiver

[0758] CA carrier aggregation

[0759] CBR channel busy ratio

[0760] CC component carrier

[0761] CCI co-channel interference

[0762] CCO coverage and capacity optimization

[0763] CHO conditional handover

[0764] CLI cross-link interference

[0765] CLI-RSS cross-link interference received signal

[0766] CP control plane

[0767] CPI control plane 1

[0768] CP2 control plane 2

[0769] CPRI common public radio interface

[0770] CSI-IM channel state information interference

[0771] measurement

[0772] CSI-RS channel state information reference signal

[0773] CU central / centralized unit

[0774] D2D device-to-device

[0775] DAPS dual active protocol stack

[0776] DAC digital-to-analogue converter

[0777] DC-CA dual-connectivity carrier aggregation

[0778] DECT digitally enhanced cordless telephony

[0779] DL downlink

[0780] DMRS demodulation reference signal

[0781] DOA direction of arrival

[0782] DRB data radio bearer

[0783]

[0784] DT digital twin

[0785] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 61

[0786] Abbreviation Definition Further description DU distributed unit

[0787] ECGI e-UTRAN cell global identifier

[0788] E-CID enhanced cell ID

[0789] eCPRI enhanced CPRI

[0790] elCIC enhanced ICIC (see ICIC)

[0791] eMBB enhanced mobile broadband

[0792] eNB evolved Node b

[0793] EPC enhanced packet core (network)

[0794] EN-DC e-UTRAN-New Radio dual connectivity

[0795] EUTRA enhanced UTRA

[0796] E-UTRAN enhanced UTRA network

[0797] FSS frequency-selective surface

[0798] gNB next generation NodeB

[0799] GNSS global navigation satellite system

[0800] GPS global positioning system

[0801] GSO geostationary orbit

[0802] HAPS high-altitude platforms

[0803] HARQ hybrid ARQ

[0804] HRLLC hyper-reliable and low-latency

[0805] communication

[0806] IAB integrated access and backhaul

[0807] ICI Inter-carrier interference

[0808] inter-channel interference

[0809] ICIC inter-cell interference cancellation

[0810] ICN information centric network

[0811] ID identity / identification

[0812] IF intermediate frequency

[0813] IIOT industrial internet of things

[0814] IMT international mobile telecommunications

[0815] ISAC integrated sensing and communication

[0816] ITU international telecommunications union

[0817] KPI key-performance indicator

[0818] LTE long-term evolution

[0819] MBB mobile broadband

[0820] MCG master cell group

[0821] MCS modulation coding scheme

[0822] MDT minimization of drive tests

[0823] MIMO multiple-input / multiple-output

[0824] MLR measure, log and report

[0825] MLRD MLR device

[0826] MNO mobile network operator

[0827] MR-DC multi-rat dual connectivity

[0828] MSS mobile satellite service

[0829] NB-loT narrow-band Internet-of-things

[0830] NCGI new radio cell global identifier

[0831] NEF network exposure function

[0832]

[0833] NG next generation

[0834] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 62

[0835] Abbreviation Definition Further description

[0836] ng-eNB next generation eNB node providing E-UTRA user NG-RAN either a gNB or an NG-eNB

[0837] NGSO non-geostationary orbit

[0838] NIC network interface connection

[0839] NR new radio

[0840] NR-U NR unlicensed NR operating in unlicensed NTN non-terrestrial network

[0841] OAM operation and maintenance

[0842] OEM original equipment manufacturer

[0843] OTT over-the-top

[0844] oRAN see open RAN

[0845] Open RAN open radio access network

[0846] PCI physical cell identifier Also known as PCID

[0847] PDCP packet data convergence protocol

[0848] PER packet error rate

[0849] PESA passive electronically steered arrays

[0850] PHY physical

[0851] PLMN public land mobile network

[0852] QCL quasi colocation

[0853] QOS quality of service

[0854] RA random access

[0855] RACH random access channel

[0856] RAN radio access network

[0857] RAT radio access technology

[0858] RE resource element

[0859] RF radio frequency

[0860] RIM radio access network information

[0861] RIM-RS rim reference signal

[0862] RIS reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0863] RISC RIS controller

[0864] RLC radio link control

[0865] RLF radio link failure

[0866] RLM radio link monitoring

[0867] RP reception point

[0868] R-PLMN registered public land mobile network

[0869] RRC radio resource control

[0870] RRU remote radio unit

[0871] RS reference signal

[0872] RSRP reference signal received power

[0873] RSRQ reference signal received quality

[0874] RSSI received signal strength indicator

[0875] RSTD reference signal time difference

[0876] RTOA relative time of arrival

[0877] RTT round trip time

[0878] RU radio unit

[0879] SA standalone

[0880] SCEF service capability exposure function

[0881]

[0882] SCG secondary cell group

[0883] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 63

[0884] Abbreviation Definition Further description SDU service data unit

[0885] SES satellite earth station

[0886] SIB system information block

[0887] SINR signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio

[0888] SIR signal-to-interference ratio

[0889] SL side link

[0890] SNR signal-to-noise ratio

[0891] SON self-organising network

[0892] SOTA state-of-the-art

[0893] SRS sounding reference signal

[0894] SRI sounding reference indication

[0895] SS synchronization signal

[0896] SSB synchronization signal block

[0897] SSID service set identifier

[0898] SS-PBCH sounding signal / physical broadcast

[0899] TAC tracking area code

[0900] TB transmission block

[0901] TCI transmission configuration indication

[0902] TDD time division duplex

[0903] TN terrestrial network

[0904] TSG technical specification group

[0905] UAV unmanned airborne vehicle

[0906] UE user equipment

[0907] UL uplink

[0908] UP user plane

[0909] URI uniform resource identifier

[0910] URL uniform resource locator

[0911] URLLC ultra-reliable low latency communication

[0912] UTRAN universal trunked radio access network

[0913] V2X vehicle-to-everything

[0914] VoIP voice over internet protocol

[0915] vRAN virtual RAN

[0916] WCS wireless communication(s) scenario

[0917] Wl work item

[0918] WLAN wireless local area network

[0919] WRC world radio congress

[0920]

[0921] WUS wake-up signal

[0922] PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an

Claims

25006 / 2025F68049 64Claims1. A device such as a user equipment, UE, configured for operating in a wireless communication network that provides a full duplex, FD, configuration of resources to provide for an FD symbol, wherein the device comprises:a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network;a control unit for being provided with a transmission configuration indication state, TCI state, e.g., received as implicit or explicit information,wherein the device is to use the TCI state for at least one of:• different channels and / or for different signals,• different link directions, e.g., one or more of uplink, downlink, sidelink, and • different type of symbols, e.g., FD symbols, SBFD symbols, HD symbols, UL symbols, DL, symbols, flexible symbols.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the different channels and / or for different signals are one or more of:• a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, and / or• a physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, and a physical uplink control channel, PUCCH, and / or• combinations of uplink and / or downlink and / or sidelink channels.

3. The device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the FD symbol is a subband, SB, full duplex, SBFD symbol comprising a downlink bandwidthpart and an uplink bandwidthpart.

4. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein at least one TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a multiple transmission reception point, TRP, mTRP or multi-TRP communication in the FD symbol.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 655. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein a first TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a first TRP and a different second TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device.

6. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein a TCI state of the set of TCI states is associated with a first TRP and a different second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device.

7. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein the set of TCI states comprises a number of TCI states being smaller, larger or equal than a number of data streams the device can operate simultaneously in frequency and / or time domain with the wireless interface.

8. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to use information referring to a specific TCI State of the set of TCI states, the reference indicating at least one quasi colocation, QCL, source reference signal and QCL being of typeD, wherein the device is to perform a periodic action such as a measurement on the QCL source reference signal.

9. The device of claim 8, adapted to perform a measurement using resources of QCL typeD of a past, recent or latest received physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and a latest monitored CORESET in absence of the information referring to the specific TCI State.

10. The device of one of previous claims, adapted for a communication with at least a first TRP and a second TRP or with at least a first TRP, a second TRP and a third TRP for a mTRP communication of the device.

11. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein a first TRP and a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device associated with the set of TCI states are one or more of:connected to the same base station, BS,connected to different base stations, BSs,PCT-DRAFT_FH250201 PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 66connected to the same core network, CN,connected to different core network, CNs.

12. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein a first TRP and a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device and of the set of TCI states transmit the same and / or different physical cell IDs, PCIDs.

13. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein the FD symbol contains one or more of:resources for different link directions within the same time resource, transmissions in different link directions within the same time resourcereceptions in different link directions within the same time resource,a guard band,a guard period,14. The device of claim 13, wherein a link direction is related to at least one of:an uplink,a downlink,a sidelink.

15. The device of claim 13 or 14, wherein a link direction is associated witha single TCI state ormore than one TCI states ora particular subset of TCI states of a set of TCI states of which the TCI state is a part, e.g., having a proper subset of TCI states associated with uplink or downlink or sidelink.

16. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein the FD symbol contains one or more ofuplink and downlink or uplink and sidelink or downlink and sidelink in different frequency resources, e.g., subband full duplex, FD,uplink and downlink or uplink and sidelink or downlink and sidelink within same frequency resources, e.g., with fully overlapping frequency resources, e.g., inband full duplex, e.g., FD,uplink and downlink or uplink and sidelink or downlink and sidelink with partially overlapping frequency resources.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 6717. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein the FD symbol contains one or more ofa DL subband,an UL subband,a SL subband,a guard band.

18. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein the guard band is a frequency resource with no transmissions and / or receptions.

19. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein the guard period is a time interval separating transmissions and / or receptions.

20. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein the FD symbol is associated with one or more of:a single TCI state,a first and a second TCI state,more than two TCI states,a subset of TCI states of a set of TCI states, e.g., configured and / or pre-configured, a full set of TCI states, e.g., all configurable TCI states.

21. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein the set of TCI states contains- a null-TCI state, e.g., the set of TCI states is an empty set,- a number of one TCI state,- a number of more than one TCI states.

22. The device of one of the previous claims, configured for, in a case configured with a null TCI state to use- a beam formed with the wireless interface according to a selection of the device, or - a default codepoint / beam, or- a random codepoint or a random beam or a random TCI state, or- a previous TCI state, e.g., used in a prior transmission and / or reception, or- a TCI state used in a previousPCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 68• transmission, for which the device received an ACK, or received no NACK, or received no retransmission request and / or• reception, which was decoded successfully, e.g., wrt. its HARQ procedure. - a TCI state indicated by another device, e.g., UE or BS.

23. The device of one of previous claims, further configured for using a non-FD symbol for communication, wherein the non-FD symbol is associated with a single link direction, e.g., downlink or uplink or sidelink.

24. The device of one of previous claims, further configured for using a non-FD symbol for communication, wherein the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol are time-division multiplexed in the wireless communication network.

25. The device of claim 23 or 24, adapted to operate in accordance with a guard period between the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol.

26. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein for the non-FD symbol, the device is to configure the wireless interface with a first subset of TCI states from the set of TCI states for communication with a first TRP and with a second subset of TCI states from the set of TCI states for communication with a second TRP used for multi-TRP communication of the device.

27. The device of claim 26, wherein the subsets of TCI states comprise:an empty set,equal or identical sets,disjoint sets,complementary sets,subsets with partially overlapping sets,the full set.

28. The device of one of previous claims, adapted for being configured with the set of TCI sets and / or the subsets as at least one of:as data stored or to be stored as a list;signalled via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI or any combination thereof;PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 69selected via RRC, MAC-CE, DCI from a configured list29. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein at least one TCI state from the set of TCI states is a joint TCI state associated with the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol.

30. The device of claim 29, wherein the FD symbol and the non-FB symbol are subsequent symbols in time or subsequent symbols in time domain separated by a guard period.

31. The device of claim 30, wherein the guard period comprises a length n of at least a minimum and at most a maximum length of symbols; wherein the device is to obtain at least one of the minimum length, the maximum length or a validity of the time gap with respect to a valid length of the guard period as explicit indication, or wherein the device is configured / pre-configured at least one of the minimum length and the maximum length and is adapted to interpret whether a present time period between the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol as valid or as invalid TCI state, e.g., if the time period is violated.

32. The device of one of claims 29 to 31, adapted to use the joint TCI state for either downlink or uplink or sidelink in the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol.

33. The device of one of claims 29 to 32 adapted to use the joint TCI state for one of an downlink and uplink or downlink and sidelink or uplink and sidelink in the FD symbol and for the other of the uplink and the downlink or downlink and sidelink or uplink and sidelink in the non-FD symbol.

34. The device of one of claim 33 adapted to use the joint TCI state for a combination comprising:• a downlink and an uplink;• a downlink and a sidelink; and• an uplink and a sidelink.

35. The device of claim 33 or 34, wherein the joint TCI state relates to resources in downlink, DL, in a non-FD symbol that are in the same frequency band as that of resources in UL in an FD symbol.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7036. The device of one of claims 33 to 35, adapted to receive a single TCI state list, e.g., in radio resource control, RRC, containing the set of TCI states valid for both, the FD symbol and non-FB symbol.

37. The device of one of claims 33 to 36, adapted to operate according to an indication received in RRC to use the joint TCI state.

38. The device of one of one of claims 33 to 37, adapted to receive and process a MAC control element MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint selects a TCI state from the set of TCI states.

39. The device of claim 38, wherein the MAC CE, e.g., by use of a bit thereof indicates whether a joint TCI state is present and / or, if the device is indicated to use joint DL / UL and FD / non-FD TCI state in RRC, the codepoint is contained in the MAC CE.

40. The device of claim 38 or 39, adapted to receive and process a set of bits in• downlink control information, DCI, to refer to the MAC CE and select a codepoint and / or• sidelink control information, SCI, e.g., 1st- and / or 2nd-stage SCI, to refer to the MAC CE and select a codepoint.

41. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein the set of TCI states comprises TCI states associated with different frequency ranges,e.g., subbands or carriers, e.g., as in carrier aggregation, associated with the FD symbol.

42. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein the set of TCI states comprises at least one TCI state associated with a non-FD symbol.

43. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to receive and process separate sets of TCI states for the FD symbol for uplink and non-FD symbols for uplink.

44. The device of claim 43, wherein the TCI state list for FD and non-FD symbols are different in RRC.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7145. The device of claim 43 or 44, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein the device is adapted to process a parameter in RRC that indicates that TCI states of the set of TCI states related to uplink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are separately indicated.

46. The device of one of claims 43 to 45, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein a plurality of or each available sounding reference signal, SRS, resource is linked to a corresponding TCI state of the set of TCI states.

47. The device of one of claims 43 to 46, adapted to process a first MAC CE for the FD symbol and a second MAC CE for a non-FD symbol.

48. The device of one of claims 43 to 47, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint in comprises or indicates TCI states for both FD symbols and non-FD symbols separately.

49. The device of one of claims 43 to 48, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint comprises a single TCI state ID for uplink; wherein for the FD symbol, the TCI state ID is taken from the set of TCI states being valid for FD symbols and for non-FD symbols, wherein the device is to use the TCI state ID from the list for non-FD symbols.

50. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; the device adapted to receive and process separate sets of TCI states for the FD symbol for downlink and non-FD symbols for downlink.

51. The device of claim 50, adapted to process a parameter in RRC that indicates that TCI states of the set of TCI states related to downlink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are separately indicated.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7252. The device of claim 50 or 51, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint in comprises or indicates TCI states for both FD symbols and non-FD symbols separately.

53. The device of one of claims 50 to 52, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint comprises a single TCI state ID for downlink; wherein for the FD symbol, the TCI state ID is taken from the set of TCI states being valid for FD symbols and for non-FD symbols, wherein the device is to use the TCI state ID from the list for non-FD symbols.

54. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; the device adapted to use a joint TCI state from the set of TCI states that is valid for a non-FD downlink symbol and a FD downlink symbol; wherein a used TCI state for downlink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are is the same; and / or adapted to use a joint TCI state from the set of TCI states that is valid for a non-FD uplink symbol and a FD uplink symbol; wherein a used TCI state for uplink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are is the same.

55. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to receive and process separate sets of TCI states for the FD symbol for sidelink and non-FD symbols for sidelink.

56. The device of claim 55, wherein the TCI state list for FD and non-FD symbols are different in RRC.

57. The device of claim 55 or 56, adapted to process a parameter in RRC that indicates that TCI states of a set of TCI states related to sidelink in FD symbols and non-FD symbols are separately indicated.

58. The device of one of claims 55 to 57, wherein a plurality of or each available sounding reference signal, SRS, resource is linked to a corresponding TCI state of a set of TCI states.

59. The device of one of claims 55 to 58, adapted to process a first MAC CE for the FD symbol and a second MAC CE for a non-FD symbol.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7360. The device of one of claims 55 to 59, wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint in comprises or indicates TCI states for both FD symbols and non-FD symbols separately.

61. The device of one of claims 55 to 60, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein the device is to process a MAC CE comprising a plurality of codepoints, wherein each codepoint comprises a single TCI state ID for sidelink; wherein for the FD symbol, the TCI state ID is taken from the set of TCI states being valid for FD symbols and for non-FD symbols, wherein the device is to use the TCI state ID from the list for non-FD symbols.

62. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to receive the TCI state as a part of a set of TCI states as an implicit configuration or an explicit configuration.

63. The device of claim 62, adapted to receive the explicit configuration via at least one of a radio resource control, RRC, a downlink control information, DCI, a MAC control element, MAC CE, a signalling on PHY level, and a higher level signalling.

64. The device of claim 62 or 63, adapted to receive the implicit configuration, wherein the device is to use a previously indicated TCI state for the FD symbol or a different rule.

65. The device of claim 64, wherein the previously indicated TCI state relates to a non-FD symbol, and in absence of an explicit signalling of a separate TCI state for a FD symbol, the device is adapted to use a same codepoint for the transmission within the FD symbol.

66. The device of claim 65, wherein the device is to use the same codepoint based on a constraint or implicit indication comprising one or more of:• a type of signal and / or channel, e.g., only allowed to use this for a particular channel, e.g., PDCCH or signal, e.g., feedback signal, e.g., CSI feedback, e.g., SRS or UL DMRS,• an availability of a signal, e.g., in case no TCI state is indicated for the transmission within the FD symbol, the UE assumes that the latest or a fallback TCI state is to be used,• a position of the transmission within the time / frequency grid, e.g., in case the frequency delta or the time delta between the transmission and a previous configuration is abovePCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 74or below a certain threshold, e.g., the configuration is too old, or the configuration has no validity yet (too soon), the UE is to apply or is not to apply a certain previous configuration,• a geo-location of the UE, e.g., In case the UE is within a certain geolocation of the network, e.g., moving indoors, it is to apply a certain TCI state for the certain symbol type,• a device type, e.g., in case the device is of a given type, e.g., a reduced capability, RedCap, device, or in case the UE is a loT device, it may reuse or explicitly not reuse a previous TCI codepoint configuration.

67. The device of one of claims 62 to 66, adapted to receive the implicit configuration based on at least one of:• a basis of a determination rule,• a TCI state or configuration related to a previous symbol / transmission;• a TCI state or configuration related to a successful previous transmissions; • a TCI state indicated for a non-FD symbol, and in case of no explicit signalling of a separate TCI state for an FD symbol, device is adapted to use a same codepoint for the transmission within the FD symbol.

68. The device of one of previous claims, having a subset of TCI states of a set of TCI states containing more than one TCI state, wherein the first TCI state and the second TCI state comprise a relation across time and / or frequency and / or spatial domain.

69. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein a TCI state is one or more of:• a joint DL / UL and FD / non-FD TCI state, e.g., resources in DL in a non-FD symbol that are in a same frequency band as that of the resources in UL in an FD symbol share the same TCI states;• separate UL TCI states, e.g., UL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are separately indicated;• separate DL TCI states, e.g., DL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are separately indicated;• a joint non-FD DL and FD DL TCI state, e.g., the DL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are the same; and• A joint non-FD UL and FD UL TCI state, e.g., the UL TCI states in FD and non-FD symbols are the same.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7570. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein at least a part of the TCI states of the set of TCI states are linked between successive DL and UL parts or DL and SL parts or UL and SL parts of transmission based on an FD-enabled frame structure.

71. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein an UL part of the FD symbol and of a non-FD symbol are linked to one another to indicate that a same TCI state from the set of TCI states can be applied for the FD symbol and the non-FD symbol.

72. The device of one of previous claims, TCI states of different subsets of TCI states of a set of TCI states are linked to one another based on a usage of resources in an uplink spectrum and a downlink spectrum.

73. The device of claim 72, wherein two linked TCI states are directly adjacent in the time domain or comprise a time gap or a guard period between the linked TCI states.

74. The device of claim 73, wherein the time gap comprises at least one symbol or at least one slot or at least one sub-slot or at least one frame or at least one radioframe.

75. The device of one of claims 72 to 74, wherein a constraint is related to the two linked TCI states.

76. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; wherein at least a first TCI state and a second TCI state of the set of TCI states are linked to one another.

77. The device of claim 76, wherein the device is to use the linked TCI states; wherein a guard band is arranged between resources associated with the TCI states linked to one another and in the frequency domain.

78. The device of one of claims 76 or 77, adapted to operate with the linked TCI states across carriers of the wireless communication network having a configured or preconfigured bandwidth.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7679. The device of one of claims 76 to 78, wherein the first resources of the first TCI state and the resources of the second TCI state are located in different component carriers.

80. The device of one of claims 76 to 79, wherein at least a third TCI state is linked to the first TCI state and / or the second TCI state.

81. The device of one of claims 76 to 80, adapted to operate with the linked TCI states across different symbols spaced in the time domain.

82. The device of one of claims 76 to 81, wherein one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state relates to an uplink and the other relates to a downlink; or wherein both TCIs states relate to one of uplink or downlink; or wherein one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state relate to a sidelink, SL, and the other relates to one of an uplink and a downlink.

83. The device of one of claims 76 to 82, adapted to derive from a signalling in the wireless communication network a coordinated operation of aggregated CCs.

84. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to operate in accordance with a DL part of a FD symbol can be linked to any prior TCI state, e.g., of the same symbol type (A), or of a different symbol type (B), e.g., under consideration of a constraint.

85. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to receive two PDSCH transmission occasions of a same transport block, TB, with each of the first TCI state and the second TCI state associated to a PDSCH transmission occasion which has non-overlapping time domain resource allocation with respect to the other PDSCH transmission occasion; wherein the device is to receive both PDSCH transmission occasions within a same slot.

86. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; the device adapted to receive at least two PDSCH transmission occasions of a same transport block, TB, with a subset of the set of TCI states associated to a first PDSCH transmission occasion which has a non-overlapping time domain resource allocation with respect to a second PDSCH transmission occasion; wherein the device is to receive both the first and second PDSCH transmission occasion within a same slot.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7787. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to apply the first TCI state to a plurality of first time division duplex, TDD, transmission occasions of a channel, e.g., a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and the second TCI state to a plurality of second TDD transmission occasions of the channel according to a TCI pattern.

88. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; the device adapted to apply a first subset of the set of TCI states to a plurality of first time division duplex, TDD, transmission occasions of a channel, e.g., a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, and a second subset of TCI states of the set of TCI states to a plurality of second TDD transmission occasions of the channel according to a TCI pattern.

89. The device of claim 84, wherein the first subset and the second subset of TCI states comprise:an empty set,equal or identical sets,disjoint sets,complementary sets,subsets with partially overlapping sets,90. The device of one of claims 87 to 89, adapted to operate according to an inter-slot repetition of applying a first TCI of a set of TCIs for a plurality of first occasion and applying a second TCI of the set or a different set of TCIs for a plurality of second occasion alternating at least with the plurality of first occasions.

91. The device of one of claims 87 to 90, adapted to receive and process a DCI that updates a TCI state every time for the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol used for communication.

92. The device of one of claims 87 to 91, adapted for a counting for a mapping of FD symbols and non-FD symbols is done separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for a mapping of occasions for FD symbols and non-FD symbols.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 7893. The device of one of claims 87 to 92, adapted to operate counters for redundancy versions, RV, separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for updating the RVs for FD symbols and non-FD symbols..

94. The device of one of claims 87 to 93, adapted to apply the TCI pattern according to a repetition number of the first and second TDD occasions.

95. The device of claim 94, adapted to receive repetition number in time domain in RRC.

96. The device of claim 94 or 95, wherein the repetition is an intra-slot repetition or an interslot repetition.

97. The device of one of claims 94 to 96, wherein in case of operating according to a cyclic mapping, the device is to apply a first TCI state to the first transmission occasions and a second TCI state from a set of TCI states to the second transmission occasions; wherein a same TCI mapping pattern is continued to the remaining transmission occasions.

98. The device of one of claims 94 to 97, adapted to operate a first TCI state list for FD symbols or slots and a second TCI state list for non-FD symbols or slots.

99. The device of one of claims 94 to 98, adapted to operate in Configuration 1 and to operate with a first TCI state and a second TCI state of a set of TCI states; and to select one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state for the FD symbols.

100. The device of claim 99, adapted to process a MAC CE where each codepoint in the MAC CE separately contains TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.

101. The device of claim 100, wherein each codepoint comprises a predefined number of e.g., 2 TCI states for non-FD symbols and a further predefined number of TCI state is for SBFD symbols, e.g., the TCI is chosen based on whether the symbol is SBFD or non- SBFD.

102. The device of claim 100 or 101, wherein each codepoint comprises UL / DL / SL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

103. The device of one of claims 99 to 102, adapted to process DCI that contains separate fields to select TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 79104. The device of one of claims 99 to 103, adapted to process a first and a second MAC CE wherein the first MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints for FD symbols and the second MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints non-FD symbols.

105. The device of one of claims 104, adapted to process a downlink control information, DCI, and to use the same bits in DCI to point to the codepoints in the first MAC CE and the second MAC CE106. The device of one of claims 94 to 105, adapted to operate in Configuration 2 and to operate with a first TCI state for FD symbols and a second TCI state of a set of TCI states for non-FD symbols; and to select one of the first TCI state and the second TCI state for the FD symbols according to a selection rule.

107. The device of claim 106, adapted to receive the selection rules, e.g., with an RRC signal.

108. The device of claim 106 or 107, adapted to process a MAC CE where each codepoint in the MAC CE separately contains TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.

109. The device of claim 108, wherein each codepoint comprises a predefined number of e.g., 2 TCI states for non-FD symbols and a further predefined number of TCI state is for SBFD symbols, e.g., the TCI is chosen based on whether the symbol is SBFD or non- SBFD.

110. The device of one of claims 108 to 109, wherein each codepoint comprises UL / DL / SL or joint TCI states for SBFD and non-SBFD symbols separately.

111. The device of one of claim 108 to 110, adapted to process DCI that contains separate fields to select TCI states for FD and non-FD symbols.

112. The device of one of claims 108 to 111, adapted to process a first and a second MAC CE wherein the first MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints for FD symbols and the second MAC CE comprises TCI codepoints non-FD symbols.

113. The device of claim 112, adapted to process a downlink control information, DCI, and to use the same bits in DCI to point to the codepoints in the first MAC CE and the second MAC CEPCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 80114. The device of one of claims 108 to 113, adapted to receive and process a DCI that updates a TCI state every time for the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol used for communication.

115. The device of one of claims 108 to 114, adapted for a counting for a mapping of FD symbols and non-FD symbols is done separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for a mapping of occasions for FD symbols and non-FD symbols.

116. The device of one of claims 108 to 115, adapted to operate counters for redundancy versions, RV, separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for updating the RVs for FD symbols and non-FD symbols..

117. The device of one of claims 94 to 116, adapted to operate according to a Sequential mapping and to apply a first TCI state first PDSCH transmission occasions and second PDSCH transmission occasions, and to apply a second TCI state third transmission occasions and fourth PDSCH transmission occasions, and to use a same TCI mapping pattern to remaining PDSCH transmission occasions118. The device of one of previous claims, wherein the control unit is configurable with a set of TCI states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols; wherein the TCI state is one of the set of TCI states; the device adapted to receive at least two PDSCH transmission occasions of a same transport, TB, block with a subset of the set of TCI states associated to a first PDSCH transmission occasion which has a non-overlapping frequency domain resource allocation with respect to a second PDSCH transmission occasion wherein the device is to receive both the first and second PDSCH transmission occasion within a same slot.

119. The device of claim 118, adapted to operate according to FDM scheme A and / or FDM scheme B.

120. The device of claim 118 or 119, adapted to receive, in FDM scheme A, a single PDSCH transmission occasion of the TB with each TCI state associated to a non-overlapping frequency domain resource of a set of at least two frequency resource portions.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 81121. The device of one of claims 118 to 120, adapted to use, in FDM scheme B, a single TCI state as the subset for receiving at least two PDSCH transmission occasions of the same TB with each TCI state associated to a PDSCH transmission occasion which has nonoverlapping frequency domain resource allocation with respect to the other PDSCH transmission.

122. The device of one of claims 118 to 121, adapted to operate for a wideband allocation, according to a first half of physical resource blocks, PRBs, assigned to a first TCI state and remaining PRBs assigned to a second TCI state.

123. The device of claim 122, adapted to operate for the wideband allocation to divided the PRBs into at least three parts associated with a respective TCI state.

124. The device of one of claims 118 to 123, adapted to operate according to a cyclic mapping of TCI states in the frequency domain.

125. The device of one of claims 118 to 124, adapted to receive and process a DCI that updates a TCI state every time for the FD symbol and a non-FD symbol used for communication.

126. The device of one of claims 118 to 125, adapted for a counting for a mapping of FD symbols and non-FD symbols is done separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for a mapping of occasions for FD symbols and non-FD symbols.

127. The device of one of claims 118 to 126, adapted to operate counters for redundancy versions, RV, separately for FD symbols and non-FD symbols; or to operate a single counter for updating the RVs for FD symbols and non-FD symbols..

128. The device of one of previous claims, configured for receiving a channel such as a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, from a first TRP using a first TCI state from a set of TCI states of which the TCI state is a part, and from at least from a second TRP using a second TCI state from the set of TCI states;wherein for the FD symbol the device is to select one of the first and second TCI state based on at least one of:PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 82• an explicit indication received by the device;• a different set of CORESET IDs or search space set configured for FD symbols as compared to non-FD symbols;• a CORESET pool index to be active for FD symbols explicitly indicated to the device or implicitly derived by the device;• a medium access control, MAC, control element, CE, for FD symbols being separately indicated.

129. The device of one of previous claims, configured for receiving a channel such as a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, from a first TRP using a first subset of TCI states of a set of TCI states of which the TCI state is a part, and from at least from a second TRP using a second subset of TCI states;wherein for the FD symbol the device is to select one of the first and second subset of TCI states based on at least one of:• an explicit indication received by the device;• a different set of CORESET IDs or search space set configured for FD symbols as compared to non-FD symbols;• a CORESET pool index to be active for FD symbols explicitly indicated to the device or implicitly derived by the device;• a medium access control, MAC, control element, CE, for FD symbols being separately indicated.

130. The device of claim 128 or 129, adapted to operate with a number of search space sets with unique search space IDs relating to time and frequency locations where the device is to monitor for downlink control information; wherein each search space is linked to a control resource set which has a control resource set ID, CORESET ID;wherein the set of TCI states is configured for a PDCCH and a PDSCH.

131. The device of claim 130, wherein, every CORESET ID is associated with a CORESET pool index, different CORESET pool indices indicating that the CORESETs are from different TRPs used for multi-TRP communication of the device.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 83132. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to receive the set of TCI states as an explicit configuration of a TCI state configuration for FD symbols, e.g., a MAC CE, indicating, e.g.,• using at least one reserved bit, at least one of:o a further core set Pool ID valid for a symbol type, e.g., only for FD or only for non-FD symbols;o a validity of the configuration for a symbol type, e.g., only for FD or only for non- FD symbols, e.g., to indicate in combination with a D / U field, a direction of the FD linko whether a TCI state is to be used for FD symbols. E.g., if R is 1, then this TCI state will be used for both SBFD and non-SBFD symbols• whether a MAC CE is only valid for a symbol type in a bandwidthpart, BWP, indicated by a BWP ID of the MAC CE, e.g., the FD symbol type. The D / ll field would then indicate the link direction within the SBFD symbol type;• using a TCI state field of the MAC CE for signalling a TCI state ID indicating a number of at most 128 TCI states or at most 64 TCI states; using at least one bit of the TCI field for indicating the symbol type, e.g., SBFD symbol; using the TCI state field for indicating an extended core set pool ID, or an indirect signalling using the BWP ID;• whether each codepoint has more than one existing DL and / or UL TCI states133. The device of one of previous claims, adapted to receive and process a MAC CE relating to a TCI configuration, wherein the MAC CE comprises at least one of• bits such as reserved bits to indicate a further core set Pool ID, which could be a Pool ID valid for a said symbol type, e.g., only for SBFD or only for non-SBFD symbols; • bits such as reserved bits to indicate that the configuration is valid for a said symbol type, e.g., only for SBFD or only for non-SBFD symbols, in combination with the D / U field, this would indicate the SBFD link direction, e.g., SBFD-D or SBFD-U• bits such as reserved bits to indicate that this TCI state will be used for SBFD symbols, e.g., in UL, DL and / or SL TCI states.• bits such as reserved bits utilizing a BWP ID field of the MAC CE• bits such as reserved bits utilizing segregated TCI states; and• bits such as reserved bits comprising an octet that indicates if each codepoint has more than existing DL and / or UL and / or SL TCI states.

134. A device such as a user equipment, UE, configured for operating in a wireless communication network, wherein the device comprises:PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 84a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network;a control unit for being configurable with a set of transmission configuration indication, TCI, states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols;wherein for using a full duplex, FD, symbol, the device is to use a TCI state of the set of TCI states and to configure the wireless interface accordingly.

135. The device of one of the previous claims, adapted for communication with at least one TRP, wherein the TRP is one or more ofa base station, e.g., a macro cell base station or a small cell base station,a central unit of a base station,a distributed unit of a base station,a node of a non-terrestrial network, e.g., a regenerative payload or a base station connected via band-pipe satellite connection,a remote radio head,a core network entity, e.g., an AMF or SMF,a network slice as in the NR or 5G core contexta user equipment, UE,a relay,a transmitter, anda receiver,any transmission and / or reception point enabling an item or a device to communicate using the wireless communication network, the item or device being provided with network connectivity to communicate using the wireless communication network.

136. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein a user equipment, UE, e.g., implemented as the device, comprises, on or more ofa mobile terminal, orstationary terminal, orcellular IoT-UE, orvehicular UE, oran IoT or narrowband IoT, NB-IoT, device, ora reduced capability device, e.g., a RedCap UE, oran ambient-IoT, A-IoT, device, oran intermediate node within an A-IoT network, ora ground based vehicle, orPCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 85an aerial vehicle, ora NTN-UE, e.g., a UE connected via an NTN network, ora drone, ora moving base station, orroad side unit, ora building, orany other item or device provided with network connectivity enabling the item / device to communicate using the wireless communication network, e.g., a sensor or actuator.

137. The device of one of the previous claims, wherein a frequency resource used for the FD symbol is one or more ofa set of subcarriers,a subchannel,a subband.

138. A radio device for communicating with one or more user equipments, UEs, of a wireless communication system, the UEs being in accordance with one or more of the previous claims;wherein the radio device is to communicate with the one or more UEs using a radio signal comprising a plurality of time blocks in a time domain, and frequency blocks in a frequency domain.

139. A radio device of any one of claims 145, wherein the radio device is one or more of the following: a base station, BS, a macro cell base station, or a small cell base station, or a central unit, CU, of a base station, or a distributed unit, DU, of a base station, or an Integrated Access and Backhaul, IAB, node, or a road side unit, RSU, or a WiFi access point, AP, or a UE, or a sidelink, SL, UE, or a group leader UE, GL-UE, or a relay or a remote radio head, or an AMF, or an SMF, or a core network, CN, entity, or mobile edge computing, MEC, entity, or a network slice as in the NR or 5G core context, or any transmission and reception point, TRP, one of a TRP as in multi-TRP, mTRP, enabling an item or a device to communicate using the wireless communication network, the item or device being provided with network connectivity to communicate using the wireless communication network, or a non-terrestrial device, e.g., a moving or stationary air-borne device, like a drone, an unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV, or an airplane, or a moving or stationary space-borne device, like a low earth orbit, LEO, satellite, like a LEO-600PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 86satellite or a LEO-1200 satellite, a medium earth orbit, MEO, satellite, or a geosynchronous earth orbit, GEO, satellite.

140. A device such as a user equipment, UE, configured for operating in a wireless communication network, wherein the device comprises:a wireless interface for transceiving signals in the wireless communication network;a control unit for being configurable with at least one transmission configuration indication, TCI, of a TCI framework associated with a signal transmitted in the wireless communication network,wherein the device is adapted to process the TCI to derive a waveform configuration used for transmitting the signal; or used for receiving the signal.

141. The device of claim 140, wherein waveform configuration relates to at least one or more of:Multi-carrier waveform, e.g., OFDM, TDMA, single-carrier waveform, e.g., SC-FDMA, OTFS, multi-numerology waveform, different numerologies; NOMA, FDMA, SDMA, CDMA and GMSK associated with the wireless signal.

142. The device of claim 140 or 141 adapted to use the waveform configuration for a reception of the wireless signal based on the waveform configuration and / or a transmission of the wireless signal based on the waveform configuration.

143. A method for operating a device such as a user equipment, UE, in a wireless communication network that provides a full duplex, FD, configuration of resources to provide for an FD symbol, wherein the method comprises:providing a control unit with a transmission configuration indication state, TCI state, e.g., to allow reception with the control unit as implicit or explicit information;such that the device uses the TCI state for at least one of:• different channels and / or for different signals,• different link directions, e.g., one or more of uplink, downlink, sidelink, andPCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an25006 / 2025F68049 87different type of symbols, e.g., FD symbols, SBFD symbols, HD symbols, UL symbols, DL, symbols, flexible symbols144. A method for operating a device such as a user equipment, UE, in a wireless communication network, wherein the method comprises:Configuring a control unit with a set of transmission configuration indication, TCI, states, associated with full duplex, FD, symbols;for using a full duplex, FD, symbol, a TCI state of the set of TCI states is used to configure the wireless interface accordingly.

145. A method for operating a device such as a user equipment, UE, in a wireless communication network, wherein the method comprises:configuring a control unit with at least one transmission configuration indication, TCI, of a TCI framework associated with a signal transmitted in the wireless communication network,such that the device is adapted to process the TCI to derive a waveform configuration used for transmitting the signal; or used for receiving the signal.

146. A computer readable digital storage medium having stored thereon a computer program having a program code for performing, when running on a computer, a method according to one of claims 143 to 145.PCT-DRAFT_FH250201PEP_2026-01-29_25006_2025F68049_ver3_cc.DOCX an

Images