Methods and apparatus for reporting resource information

Abstract

According to some embodiments, there is provided a method performed by a wireless device (500) The method comprises receiving (301) a report configuration, relating to one or more resources of a first set of resources and / or one or more resources of a second set of resources, from a network node (600) or another wireless device. The method further comprises performing (302) measurements of one or more resources from the second set of resources, and determining (303) information relating to one or more resources from the first set of resources. The method further comprises reporting (304) the information relating to the one or more resources from the first set of resources to the network node (600) or another wireless device.

Description

[0001] METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REPORTING RESOURCE INFORMATION

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method, a wireless device and a network node for reporting information relating to one or more resources.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] The radio access technology (RAT) in fifth generation (5G) mobile communications system, also known as 5G new radio (NR), provides a higher level of performance and flexibility than the previous generations of mobile communications systems. 5G mobile communications has been driven by the need to provide ubiquitous connectivity for applications as diverse automotive communication, remote control with feedback, video downloads, as well as data applications for Internet-of-Things (loT) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, etc. 5G wireless technology brings several main benefits, such as higher speed, lower latency and increased connectivity. The third-generation partnership project (3GPP) provides the complete system specification for the 5G network architecture, which includes at least a radio access network (RAN), core transport networks (CN) and service capabilities.

[0006] In millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies (frequency range 2 (FR2)), i.e., frequencies above 6 GHz, in general, wireless communication between communication devices is performed with spatially selective / directive transmissions and receptions called beams. The term ‘beam’ may be used in the following to denote a spatially selective / directive transmission of an outgoing signal or reception of an incoming signal which is achieved by precoding / filtering the signal at antenna ports of a communication device with a set of coefficients. The word precoding or filtering may refer to processing of the signal in the analog or digital domain. The set of coefficients used to spatially direct a transmission / reception in a certain direction may differ from one direction to another direction. The term ‘Tx beam’ may denote a spatially selective / directive transmission and the term ‘Rx beam’ may denote a spatially selective / directive reception. The set of coefficients used to precode / filter the transmission or reception may be denoted by the term ‘spatial filter’. The term ‘spatial filter’ may be used interchangeably with the term‘beam direction’ as the spatial filter coefficients determine the direction in which a transmission / reception is spatially directed to.

[0007] The sounding of a channel with spatially selective ‘beams’ is used in higher frequencies to have enough link budget for reliable communication. The receiving wireless device measures such beams and uses said measurements to evaluate a suitable beam for communication or to assess overall radio link quality. Improvements to beam management are still needed.

[0008] SUMMARY

[0009] It is an objective of the embodiments herein to provide methods, wireless devices and network nodes configured to perform a beam prediction process in a wireless communications network, for various beam management purposes.

[0010] According to an aspect of some embodiments herein, there is disclosed a method performed by a wireless device. The method comprises:

[0011] - receiving a report configuration, relating to one or more resources of a first set of resources and / or one or more resources of a second set of resources, from a network node or another wireless device;

[0012] - performing measurements of one or more resources from the second set of resources;

[0013] - determining information relating to one or more resources from the first set of resources; and

[0014] - reporting the information relating to the one or more resources from the first set of resources to the network node or another wireless device.

[0015] According to an aspect of some embodiments herein, there is disclosed a method performed by a network node. The method comprises:

[0016] - transmitting a report configuration, relating to one or more resources of a first set of resources and / or one or more resources of a second set of resources, to the wireless device;

[0017] for enabling the wireless device to:- perform measurements of one or more resources from the second set of resources,

[0018] - determine information relating to one or more resources from the first set of resources; and

[0019] - receiving the information relating to the one or more resources from the first set of resources from the wireless device.

[0020] According to another aspect of some embodiments herein, there is also provided a wireless device (e.g., a UE) comprising a processor and a memory containing instructions executable by the processor, whereby said wireless device is operative or configured to perform any one of the embodiments presented in the detailed description related to the actions performed by the wireless device.

[0021] According to yet another aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided a network node comprising a processor and a memory containing instructions executable by the processor, whereby said network node is operative or configured to perform any one of the embodiments presented in the detailed description related to the actions performed by the network node.

[0022] There is also provided a computer program comprising instructions which when executed on at least one processor of the wireless device (e.g., a UE), cause the at least said one processor to carry out the actions or method steps presented herein. There is also provided a computer program comprising instructions which when executed on at least one processor of the network node, cause the at least said one processor to carry out the method steps presented herein.

[0023] A carrier is also provided containing the computer program, wherein the carrier is one of a computer readable storage medium, an electronic signal, optical signal, or a radio signal.

[0024] An advantage of the embodiments herein is to provide advanced beam management methods or procedures that apply beam prediction schemes. Another advantage is to reduce latency and signaling overhead for beam indication and reporting.

[0025] Additional advantages of the embodiments herein are provided in the detailed description of this disclosure.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are now described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a wireless communications network, wherein embodiments herein may be applied;

[0028] Fig. 2A and 2B illustrate a first and a second examples of reporting N = 4 resource indices by a wireless device according to some embodiments herein;

[0029] Fig. 3 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a wireless device (such as a UE) according to some embodiments herein;

[0030] Fig. 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a network node (such as a gNB) according to some embodiments herein;

[0031] Fig. 5 is a block diagram depicting a wireless device (such as a UE) according to exemplary embodiments herein.

[0032] Fig. 6 is a block diagram depicting a network node (such as a gNB) according to exemplary embodiments herein.

[0033] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In the present disclosure, methods and procedures for a wireless device or a network node to aid and exploit beam prediction mechanisms and enhance beam reporting are presented. At least the following aspects are discussed in the present disclosure: - Configuration of resources (such as reference signal, RS, resources) for beam prediction purposes,

[0035] - Beam reporting mechanisms for a wireless device, and

[0036] - Signalling and procedures exploiting and / or monitoring beam prediction algorithms at a wireless device.

[0037] With beam prediction algorithms deployed at the wireless device and / or the network node, which may use artificial intelligence / machine learning-based techniques, it ispossible to reduce the overhead of beams used in the sounding process and optimize the reporting mechanism, thereby reducing the pilot and measurement overhead, reporting overhead and the overall latency of beam management procedures. In this disclosure, signalling and procedures to monitor and exploit such techniques are presented. In addition, optimizations in the beam management process even without beam prediction algorithms are proposed in this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 1 illustrates a simplified schematic view of an example of a wireless communications network 100 including a core network (CN) 110 and a radio access network (RAN) 120. The RAN 120 is shown including a plurality of network nodes, which in 5G are called gNBs. Three network nodes are depicted as gNB1, gNB2 and gNB3. Each gNB serves an area called a coverage area or a cell. Figure 1 illustrates 3 cells 121, 122 and 123, each served by its own gNB, gNB1, gNB2 and gNB3, respectively. It should be mentioned that the network 100 may include any number of cells and gNBs. The term ‘network node’ used herein may be any kind of network node comprised in a network which may further comprise any of base station (BS), radio base station (RBS), base transceiver station (BTS), base station controller (BSC), radio network controller (RNC), g Node B (gNB), evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB), Node B, multiple transmission point (multi-TRP), 5G access nodes, multistandard radio (MSR) radio node such as MSR BS, multi-cell / multicast coordination entity (MCE), integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, donor node controlling relay, radio access point (AP), access point station (AP STA), transmission points, transmission nodes, Remote Radio Unit (RRU), Remote Radio Head (RRH), a core network node (e.g., mobile management entity (MME), self-organizing network (SON) node, a coordinating node, positioning node, MDT node, etc.), an external node (e.g., 3rd party node, a node external to the current network), nodes in distributed antenna system (DAS), a spectrum access system (SAS) node, an element management system (EMS), etc. The network node may also comprise test equipment. The network nodes serve users within a cell. A wireless device (WD) may be a user equipment (UE), non-access-point station (non-AP STA), a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a mobile station, an loT device, a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc. loT devices may include wireless sensors, software, actuators, and computer devices. The loT devices can be imbedded into mobile devices, motor vehicles, industrial equipment, environmental sensors, medical devices, aerial vehicles and more, as well as network connectivity that enables these devices to collect and exchange dataacross an existing network infrastructure. In some embodiments, the non-limiting terms wireless device (WD), non-access-point station (non-AP STA) or a user equipment (UE) are used interchangeably.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1, each cell as shown may include UEs and loT devices. Network node gNB1 in cell 121 serves UE1 121 A, UE2 121 B and loT device 121 C. Similarly, network node gNB2 in cell 121 serves UE3 122A, UE4 122B and loT device 122C, and network node gNB3 in cell 123 serves UE5123A, UE6 123B and loT device 123C. The wireless communications network 100 may include any number of UEs and loT devices or any other types of devices. The wireless devices communicate with the serving gNB(s) in the uplink and the gNB(s) communicate with the wireless devices in the downlink. The respective network nodes gNB1 to gNB3 may be connected to the CN 110, e.g., via the S1 interface, via respective backhaul links 111, 121 D, 122D, 123D, which are schematically depicted in Fig. 1 by the arrows pointing to “core”. The core network 110 may be connected to one or more external networks, such as the Internet. The gNBs may be connected to each other via the S1 interface or the X2 interface or the XN interface in 5G, via respective interface links 121 E, 122E and 123E, which are depicted in the figure by the arrows pointing to gNBs.

[0040] For data transmission, a physical resource grid may be used. The physical resource grid may comprise a set of resource elements (REs) to which various physical channels and physical signals are mapped. For example, the physical channels may include the physical downlink, uplink and / or sidelink (SL) shared channels (PDSCH, PUSCH, PSSCH) carrying user specific data, also referred to as downlink, uplink or sidelink payload data, the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying for example a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB), the physical downlink, uplink and / or sidelink control channels (PDCCH, PUCCH, PSCCH) carrying for example the downlink control information (DCI), the uplink control information (UCI) or the sidelink control information (SCI). For the uplink, the physical channels may further include the physical random-access channel (PRACH or RACH) used by UEs for accessing the network once a UE is synchronized and obtains the MIB and SIB. The physical signals may comprise reference signals (RS), synchronization signals (SSs) and the like. The resource grid may comprise a frame or a radio frame having a certain duration, like 10 milliseconds, in the time domain and having a given bandwidth in the frequency domain. The radio frame may have a certain number of subframes of apredefined length, e.g., 2 subframes with a length of 1 millisecond. Each subframe may include one or more slots of a number of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP) length. In 5G, each slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols or 12 OFDM symbols based on normal CP and extended CP respectively. A frame may also consist of a smaller number of OFDM symbols, e.g., when utilizing shortened transmission time intervals (TTIs) or a mini-slot / non-slot-based frame structure comprising just a few OFDM symbols. Slot aggregation is supported in 5G NR and hence data transmission can be scheduled to span one or multiple slots. Slot format indication informs a UE whether an OFDM symbol is downlink, uplink or flexible / special.

[0041] The wireless communications network may be any single-tone or multicarrier system using frequency-division multiplexing, like the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system, or any other Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) based signal with or without CP, e.g., DFT-spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM). Other waveforms, like non-orthogonal waveforms for multiple access, e.g., filter-bank multicarrier (FBMC), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) or universal filtered multi carrier (UFMC), may also be used. The wireless communication system may operate, e.g., in accordance with the LTE-Advanced Pro standard, the 5G or NR (New Radio) standard, 802.11 standards (e.g., 802.11ax, 802.11be, etc.) or any other standard using any of the aforementioned waveforms.

[0042] The wireless communications network depicted in Figure 1 may be a heterogeneous network having two distinct overlaid networks, a network of macro cells with each macro cell including a macro base station, like base station gNB1 to gNB3, and a network of small cell base stations (not shown in Figure 1), like femto- or pico-base stations. In addition to the above-described wireless network, non-terrestrial wireless communication networks also exist including spaceborne transceivers, like satellites, and / or airborne transceivers, like unmanned aircraft systems. The non-terrestrial wireless communication network or system may operate in a similar way as the terrestrial system described above with reference to Figure 1, for example in accordance with the LTE-advanced pro standard or the 5G or NR standard.

[0043] In the wireless communications network such as the one depicted schematically in Figure 1, multi-antenna techniques may be used, e.g., in accordance with LTE, NR orany other communication system, to improve user data rates, link reliability, cell coverage and network capacity. To support multi-stream or multi-layer transmissions, linear precoding is used in the physical layer of the communication system. Linear precoding is performed by a precoder matrix which maps layers of data to antenna ports. The precoding may be seen as a generalization of beamforming, which is a technique to spatially direct or focus a data transmission towards an intended receiver. The precoder matrix to be used at the gNB to map the data to the transmit antenna ports is decided using channel state information (CSI).

[0044] In the wireless communications network as described above, such as LTE or New Radio (5G), various physical channels are defined for the communication of data payload and control information. In addition, various reference signals are also designed for purposes such as link adaptation and management, demodulation, frame synchronization, cell search, phase tracking, among others. A gNodeB (or gNB or base station) transmits to one or more users in the downlink. A wireless device such as a user equipment (UE) transmits to one or more base stations in the uplink. In the sidelink, two or more UEs may be involved in communication. The data payload is transmitted via the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the downlink (DL), via the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) in the uplink (UL) and via the physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) in the sidelink (SL) of a wireless network. The control information is typically transmitted via the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in the downlink (DL), via the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) in the uplink (UL) and via the physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) in the sidelink (SL), of a wireless network. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) is transmitted along with the synchronization signals (SS) in the downlink as a SS / PBCH block to aid in cell search and downlink synchronization. A SS / PBCH block may be interchangeably referred to as a SS block (SSB). The physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) in the sidelink is similar in structure and functionality to the PBCH. The physical random-access channel (PRACH) in the uplink is characterized by the PRACH preamble and is used for uplink synchronization. The PDSCH, PDCCH, PBCH, PUSCH, PUCCH, PSSCH, PSCCH and PSBCH are provided with DeModulation Reference Signals (DMRS) for coherent demodulation of the channel. The number of DMRS antenna ports during a given instance of transmission of the channel is equal to the number of layers transmitted. A layer of the transmission of a channel may be referred to using the DMRS port associated with it.5G New Radio (NR) may support an operation in the unlicensed spectrum so that a multi-band operation may include frequency bands in the unlicensed spectrum bands. This may be as NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum, NR-ll, and the frequency bands may be referred to as subbands. The unlicensed spectrum may include bands with a potential IEEE 802.11 coexistence, such as the 5GHz and the6GHz bands. NR-ll may support bandwidths that are an integer multiple of 20 MHz, for example due to regulatory requirements. The splitting into the subbands is performed so as to minimize interference with coexisting systems, like IEE 802.11 systems, which may operate in one or more of the same bands with the same nominal bandwidth channels, like 20 MHz channels. Other examples, of coexisting systems may use subbands having subband sizes and nominal frequencies different from the above-described IEEE 802.11 systems. For example, the unlicensed spectrum may include the 5GHz band, the 6GHz band, the 24GHz band or the 60GHz band. Examples of such unlicensed bands include the industrial, scientific and medical, ISM, radio bands reserved internationally for the use of radio frequency energy for industrial, scientific and medical purposes other than telecommunications.

[0045] During an operation using unlicensed subbands, Listen-before-talk, LBT, is to be performed separately per subband. This may lead to a situation in which one or more of the subbands are busy or occupied due to an interference, for example, from other communication systems coexisting on the same band, like other public land mobile networks, PLMNs or systems operating in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 specification. In such a situation, the transmitter, either the transmitting gNB or the transmitting UE, is only allowed to transmit on the subbands which are detected to be not busy, also referred to as subbands being free or non-occupied, as is determined by the LBT algorithm. For example for a transmission spanning more than 20MHz in the 5GHz operational unlicensed band, the transmitter, like the gNB or the UE, performs Listen-Before-Talk, LBT, separately on each subband. Once the LBT results are available for each subband, the devices, for example, the gNB in the downlink, DL, or the UE in the uplink, UL, are allowed to transmit on those subbands which are determined to be free or unoccupied, i.e., to transmit on the won subband(s). No transmission is allowed on the occupied, busy or non-won subbands.

[0046] The term ‘higher layer’ in the following, when used in isolation, denotes any communication layer above the physical layer in the protocol stack. The physicalchannels described above are associated with the ‘PHY’ layer or the physical layer in the protocol stack. Some of the layers ‘above’ the physical layer in the protocol stack are the medium access control (MAC) and radio resource control (RRC). The wireless device may also exchange messages or information across layers in the protocol stack. The wireless device typically receives configuration, indication, information or messages via higher layers (e.g., MAC or RRC) from a network node or another wireless device. The configuration, indication, information or message(s) may comprise information regarding parameter(s) / value(s) or signalling involved in communication between the wireless device and the network or the other wireless device. In some cases, the configuration, indication, information and / or messages via the MAC layer may be provided to the wireless device using MAC-Control Element (MAC-CE) messages.

[0047] The terms ‘serving cell’ and ‘carrier component (CC)’ may be used interchangeably in the present disclosure as a serving cell configured for a wireless device (such as a UE) and is usually a separate physical carrier with a certain carrier frequency. Depending on the frequency of a component carrier / serving cell, the size of the cell and the beamformed reference signals may vary. Each serving cell or component carrier comprises / VBWP> 1 bandwidth parts (BWP) which is a set of frequency domain resources. At any given time in a serving cell, the UE may receive physical layer transmissions from a TRP or any other network element in one of the configured BWPs in the DL in the cell and / or may perform transmissions in one of the configured BWPs in the UL in the cell.

[0048] It is to be noted that any mention of an action performed by a network node such as a gNodeB (gNB) may also be performed by any other element of the network and hence any concerned statement shall be read as such.

[0049] Configuration of reference signal resources for sounding and reporting Reference signals are required for various purposes in a wireless network such as the following: frame synchronization, cell search, time-frequency tracking, channel estimation, link adaptation, coherent demodulation, phase-tracking, port-selection, beam management, positioning, etc. Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) and SS / PBCH blocks, or SSBs are typically used by the network in the downlink (DL) for some of the aforementioned purposes. A sounding reference signal (SRS) in the uplink (UL) is similar in some of its uses as the CSI-RS.Typically, a reference signal (RS) resource is a configuration of a reference signal comprising a certain time, frequency, spatial, transmit power, resource-mapping and / or sequence settings, along with some additional settings in some cases (e.g., use-case, Transmission Configuration Indication-State, etc.). A RS resource can be a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resource, a SS / PBCH block (or SSB) resource, a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource. Said configuration of an RS resource may be provided to a wireless device by a network node or another wireless device, or preconfigured / known to the wireless device (e.g., fixed in the standard specifications). An RS resource may be transmitted by a wireless device or a network node with said settings.

[0050] It is to be noted that a SS / PBCH block or a SSB may also be referred to as a SSB resource in the present disclosure. In the following, the configuration of reference signal (RS) resources (which may also be referred to as pilot signals) that aid in beam prediction in the spatial or temporal domain is provided. Each RS resource may be regarded as a beam - a spatially selective transmission. A set of beams / RS resources would be used to spatially cover a certain area in the cell or the whole cell. Typically, CSI-RS resources or SSBs may be ‘beamformed’ (formed as spatially selective ‘beam’) for sounding by a network node in the downlink in a cell, while SRS is used for sounding in the UL.

[0051] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to receive a configuration of a set of reference signal, RS, resources, or a RS resource set via a higher layer (e.g., RRC) from a network node or another wireless device.

[0052] In some examples, a set of RS resources or a RS resource set comprises one or more CSI-RS and / or SSB resources, or one or more SRS resources.

[0053] In this disclosure, the term ‘a set of RS resources’ may denote at least one of the following:

[0054] - a configuration of an RS resource set provided to a wireless device via a higher layer,

[0055] a group or a grouping of one or more RS resources,a group or a grouping of one or more RS resources based on one or more criteria provided by a configuration / indication from a network node or another wireless device, and / or pre-defined by the standard specifications.

[0056] In the present context, the phrases ‘configured in a set of RS resources or an RS resource set’, ‘corresponding to a set of RS resources or an RS resource set’, ‘of / in a set of RS resources or an RS resource set’ used in connection with one or more RS resources may have the same meaning and may be used interchangeably.

[0057] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to receive a configuration or indication of a subset of RS resources from the set of RS resources or the RS resource set via the PHY-layer or a higher layer, and wherein the subset comprises one or more RS resources.

[0058] In some embodiments, a set of RS resources or an RS resource set may comprise N > 1 RS resource(s), and a subset of RS resources from said RS resource set comprises M RS resource(s) from the N > 1 RS resource(s), wherein 1 < M < N. In some examples, the subset of RS resources is a ‘proper subset’ comprising M RS resources, wherein M < N. In some examples, the subset of RS resources is an ‘improper subset’ comprising M RS resources, wherein M = N.

[0059] Ordering of resource indices in beam report

[0060] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to report to a network node or another wireless device information related to one or more resources from a first resource set, wherein the information is determined or derived from measurements of one or more resources from a second resource set.

[0061] In some examples, a resource may comprise a downlink resource, e.g., CSI-RS resource, SSB resource, or a beam, e.g., a spatial Tx filter configuration. In some examples, information related to the resource(s) includes the resource identifier(s) and / or a measured or predicted metric, e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal to Noise and Interference Ratio (SINR), or Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) associated with the resource(s). In some examples, the one or more resources from the second resource set are downlink (DL) resources, e.g., CSI-RS and / or SSB resources.In certain embodiments, the wireless device may be configured to perform measurements on the second set of resources that are transmitted by a network node or another wireless device. The wireless device may further use predictive algorithms (e.g., models based on artificial intelligence (AI) and / or machine learning (ML) or filtering techniques such as Kalman-based methods, etc.) to determine, based on the measurements of the one or more resources from the second resource set, information related to one or more resources from the first resource set. In some examples, based on the measurements, prediction algorithm(s) and / or further processing, the wireless device may determine or select one or more resources from the first resource set and indicate the selected one or more resources and / or information related to the selected one or more resources in a report.

[0062] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to receive via a higher layer, e.g., RRC or MAC, from the network node or another wireless device, a configuration or an indication, wherein said configuration or indication indicates the resources associated with the first resource set and / or the second resource set. The configuration provided to the wireless device may be a report configuration, wherein the report configuration comprises identification information or configuration(s) related to the first resource set or the second resource set or both.

[0063] In some cases, the predictive algorithm mentioned above may predict resources selected from the first resource set for future time instants.

[0064] In certain embodiments, the one or more resources and / or the information related to the resource(s) from the first resource set indicated in the report are associated with time instant(s). A time instant may be a slot, a half slot, an OFDM symbol, a window / interval of slots or a time in seconds, milliseconds or microseconds. In some options, each resource and / or information related to a resource in the report is associated with a time instant. A time instant may indicate a point in time in the future, i.e., a point in time after the instance of measurement or reporting. Note that a resource and / or information related to a resource indicated in the report may be associated with a single time instant or with multiple time instants.

[0065] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured via a higher layer from the network node or another wireless device with a resource configuration, wherein the resource configuration indicates X1resources or X1resource indices which representthe first resource set. The wireless device may also be configured in the same way with a resource configuration indicating X2resources or X2resource indices that represent the second resource set. Note that, in some examples, the first and / or second resource set may be a CSI-RS or SSB resource set.

[0066] In certain embodiments, the first resource set may not be identical to the second resource set, or in some options, the first resource set may be partially identical to the second resource set. For example, the first resource set may comprise X resources and the second set may comprise X2resources, wherein Xc< X out of X resources from the first resource set may be identical to Xc< X2resources from the second resource set. In some cases, X > X2. In a further example, the X2resources of the second resource set may be a subset of the X1resources of the first resource set, i.e., the number of identical resources Xc= X2and X1> X2.

[0067] In some examples, the beam prediction may use the resource index / indices associated with the resource(s) of the second set and / or corresponding reference signal received power, RSRP (e.g., layer 1 RSRP, L1-RSRP), or signal to noise and interference ratio, SINR (e.g., L1 -SINR), measurement(s) associated with the resource(s) for determining one or more resources from the first resource set and / or determining the information associated with the one or more resource(s) of the first resource set included in the report.

[0068] In certain embodiments, a resource associated with a resource set may be a CSI-RS resource, and the resource index of the resource is a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI). In certain embodiments, a resource associated with a resource set is an SSB resource, and the resource index of the resource is a SSB resource indicator (SSBRI).

[0069] In certain embodiments, a resource associated with a resource set is a CSI-RS resource or an SSB resource. A resource index associated with the resource is a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) or SSB resource indicator (SSBRI).

[0070] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to report information related to K > 1 or up to K > 1 resources from the first resource set to the network node or another wireless device.In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to report information related to K > 1 or up to K > 1 resources from the first resource set for each time instant over a number of time instants to a network node or another wireless device.

[0071] In some options, a time instant is a slot or a symbol, or a number of symbols, or a number of slots, or a time in seconds, milliseconds or microseconds.

[0072] In certain embodiments, the wireless device may be configured to report information related to K > 1 or up to K > 1 resources from the first resource set for multiple time instants or a window or a set of time instants to a network node or another wireless device. In some options, multiple windows (or sets) of time instants may be configured to the wireless device (e.g., via a report configuration) and the wireless device selects or determines K > 1 or up to K > 1 resources from the first resource set for each window of time instants and reports information related to the selected resources to a network node or another wireless device. Note that the reporting may be performed by the wireless device via a report.

[0073] In certain embodiments, the value of K is configured to the wireless device by the network node, where K may indicate a number of resource(s) or a maximum number of resource(s) reported by the wireless device. In some examples, K > 1.

[0074] In certain embodiments, the information related to one or more resources of the first resource set that the wireless device reports to the network node or another wireless device, comprises one or more resource indices. In some options, the information related to one or more resources of the first resource set comprises one or more resource indices and associated quality metrics or measures of the one or more resources. In other words, a resource and / or resource index may be associated with a quality metric or measure. Such a quality measure may be a probability, a RSRP value, or an SNR value indicating a reliability or strength of an associated resource. In some examples, the higher the quality metric or measure of the resource or resource index associated with the resource, the higher the reliability or strength of the resource. In some options, the report may comprise one or more resource indices associated with the one or more resources of the first resource set. The one or more resource indices may be ordered based on the quality metrics or measures of the associated resources. In some options, the report may comprise the one or more resource indicesof the first resource set and associated quality measures or metrics of the corresponding one or more resources.

[0075] In certain embodiments, the first set of resources or the first resource set and / or the second set of resources or the second resource set may be subset(s) of a common resource set. In other words, the common resource set may comprise the first set of resources or the first resource set and / or the second set of resources or the second resource set. Note that, similar to the first or second resource set, the common resource set may be configured to the wireless device via a higher layer (e.g., RRC or MAC).

[0076] In certain examples, the common resource set is identical to either the first or the second resource set. For instance, if the common resource set is identical to the first resource set, the second resource set is a subset of the common resource set.

[0077] In a second example, if the common resource set is larger than the first resource set, then both the first and second resource sets are subsets of the common resource set. In certain embodiments, the resource indices in the report may be ordered with respect to a specific ordering scheme, where the ordering scheme is provided via at least one of the following methods:

[0078] - specified in the technical specification,

[0079] - configured to the wireless device via the network node or another wireless device, or

[0080] - determined by the implementation of the wireless device.

[0081] In the case that the implementation of the wireless device determines the ordering of the resource indices in the report, the ordering method may be different for different wireless devices.

[0082] In certain embodiments, the ordering may be partially determined by the implementation of the wireless device and partially based on configuration by the network node or another wireless device via the PHY-layer or a higher layer, and / or fixed rules in the technical specifications. For example, the ordering rules provided by the specifications and / or the network node may only define an outline of the ordering methodology, while the wireless device may have some freedom to make someordering decisions that are within the limit / range of said outline of the ordering methodology.

[0083] In some embodiments, an ordering of resource indices in the report configured via a network or another wireless device, or specified in the technical specifications may provide a pre-defined or pre-determined ordering method.

[0084] In some embodiments, the wireless device is configured to report information regarding the ordering of the indices in the report to a network node or another wireless device. In some options, the wireless device is configured to report K > 1 or up to K > 1 resource indices associated with one or more resources of the first resource set, where K may indicate a number of resource indices or a maximum number of resource indices to be reported. In one instance, the wireless device may report an ordered sequence of resource indices aKas aK=

[0085]

[0086] aK), where aK-1is a sequence comprising K -1 ordered resource indices associated with K - 1 resources, and aKis a resource index associated with the / C-th resource. The sequence aK-1comprises the resource indices that the wireless device reports when it is configured to report K - 1 resource indices. This means, the sequence aK-1may comprise the K - 1 ordered resource indices aK-1= {aK-2, aK-1}, where aK-2is a sequence comprising K - 2 ordered resource indices associated with K - 2 resources, and aK-is the resource index associated with the (K - l)-th resource. The sequence a comprises the single resource index a = {Q-L} associated with the first resource that the wireless device reports when it is configured to report K = 1 resource indices. Note that, in general, the sequence aKcomprises K > 1 ordered resource indices that the wireless device reports when it is configured to report K > 1 resource indices.

[0087] In some other options, the wireless device may report a1which is the resource index associated with the first resource that the wireless device would report when K = 1, and may choose, in one option, the remaining K - 1 resource indices according to an implicit order, i.e., the wireless device decides based on its implementation. In another option, the K - 1 resource indices may be reported without order information. For example, the K - 1 resource indices may be indicated in the report by a bitmap or a combinatorial indicator. The bitmap may have a length that is aligned with the number of resources of the first resource set or the number of the one or more resource indices from the first resource set. In this example, the bit positions may be associated withthe resource indices. Each bit position with a value “1” or “0” may indicate whether the associated resource index is included in the report or not. The combinatorial indicator is based on one or more sets of resource indices from a power set of the one or more resource indices of the first resource set and / or the second resource set. The one or more sets of resources may be ordered according to a certain order and the wireless device may report the index associated with the set including the resource indices to be reported.

[0088] In a further option,

[0089]

[0090] i > 1 may be defined as the set of resource indices determined from the one or more resources of the first resource set as the Top-i resource indices. The wireless device reports K resource indices. Note that for the Top-i resource indices, the size i may be determined based on output of the predictive algorithm. In other words, when the wireless device determines the “best” i resources or resource indices / beams from the first resource set for a time instant, the Top-i resource indices are the i resource indices for that time instant. Furthermore, dJlt:= cZZz\ U7=icZZ7may be used to define the set difference between the Top-i resource indices and the union of all Top-1 to Top-(i - 1) resource indices. Note that dJl^ is defined as dJl^:=

[0091]

[0092] Then, the set of K resource indices JV* may be determined as JV*:=

[0093]

[0094] \JM+1, wherein M is an integer such that the number of elements Krof the first term is smaller or equal to K, Kr\

[0095]

[0096] = | cZZ£| < K. Furthermore, the second term may be a subset of the remaining resource indices ofTop-(M + 1) resource indices, ftM+1<= d< AM+1or any other set of resource indices, such that |^M+1| = K - Kr. An alternative but equivalent representation may be given by JV*:= U"xd< At UM+I- The resource indices may be reported in the following order dJl^ d< A2••• d< AMRM+1), wherein the order within the sets d< At or 7?M+1may be arbitrary or left to the wireless device’s implementation. In certain embodiments, the wireless device may report the resource indices (associated with the resources of the first resource set) in a certain order denoted in the following by the Top-i resource indices. Here, the Top-i resource indices mean a set comprising i resource indices. The Top-i resource indices may be based on the output of a predictor, a predictive algorithm, or an AI / ML model or functionality used at the wireless device as described above.

[0097] In some examples, the Top-i resource indices are the i resource indices that are associated with the highest signal strength (e.g., RSRP, SINR, SNR), chance orprobability among the resources from the first resource set. The Top-i resource indices, reported by the wireless device, may fulfill certain performance condition(s) or requirement(s). For example, the performance condition(s) or requirement(s) may be one or more of the following:

[0098] • A maximum estimation error, e.g., average layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) distance of RSRP, predicted RSRP or SINR or SNR compared to ground truth,

[0099] • A maximum accuracy, e.g., a certain fraction or probability for which the genie-aided best resource or beam, e.g., measured or predicted best resource or beam among the one or more resources from the first resource set, is in the Top-i resource indices.

[0100] In one example, the ground truth may be the measured RSRP, SINR or SNR. In a further example, the ground truth may be a genie-aided RSRP, SINR or SNR. In another example, the ground truth may be a preconfigured or configured RSRP, SINR or SNR.

[0101] In certain cases, the prediction may provide varied results based on how many ‘top’ resources it has to predict, or due to other prediction or measurement conditions. The predictor may provide different sets of resources indices in a given instance of prediction based on how many top resources are predicted (i.e., the value of i in Top-i resources). For example, with a given set of measurements, if the predictor is providing an output of the Top-2 beams, the set of beams provided may or may not contain the beam index that the predictor would provide if made to predict the Top-1 beam. If the wireless device is configured to report up to K > 1 resources, to have a consistent report for a given predictor and to test the prediction and reporting feature, a report based on prediction results for different sets of Top-i resource indices predictions from the predictor is proposed.

[0102] In certain embodiments, K > 1 resource indices associated with the resources of the first resource set are included in the report, wherein the resource index(es) in the report are included / appended from the following sets from the predictor, in the following order, - Top-1 resource index,

[0103] - Top-2 resource indices,

[0104] - Top-3 resource indices and so on.In certain embodiments, the wireless device is at least configured to include resource index(es) from any of the aforementioned sets as long as the total number of resource index(es) included in the report is less than K.

[0105] In certain embodiments, the Top-1 resource index is included first in the report.

[0106] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to include one or more resource(s) from the Top-i resource indices, in the report following the steps until the appending / inclusion of Top-(i - 1) resource indices to the report as follows:

[0107] - if 1 < p < i of the Top-i resource indices is / are NOT yet included in the report, append / include p' < p resource indices to the report from the p resource indices NOT yet included in the report,

[0108] - if all of the Top-i resource indices are already included in the report, no resource indices from the Top-i resources indices are appended / included in the report, wherein, the ordering of the p' resource indices included / appended to the report may be determined via wireless device implementation, network configuration / indication or specification instruction(s).

[0109] In certain embodiments, to perform the inclusion of the index(es) corresponding toTop-i resource indices to the report following the steps until the inclusion / appending of Topi - 1) resource indices to the report, the following rule is followed:

[0110] - if 1 < p < i of the Top-i resource indices is / are NOT yet included in the report, append / include p' < p resource indices to the report from the p resource indices NOT included in the report such that the total number of resources indices in the report DOES NOT exceed K, i.e., append / include p' resource indices from the Top- i resources indices that are NOT yet included in the report such that p' < K - [B\, Alternatively, the whole process can be described as follows.

[0111] In certain embodiments, the K > 1 resource indices associated with the resources of the first resource set are ordered in the report with respect to a priority or a specific ordering scheme as described in the following.

[0112] - Initialize a set 2 as an empty set, 2 = {}.

[0113] - The following steps are performed until the number of resources indices in 2 is equal to N, i.e., |®| = K.o The Top-1 resource index is added first to B.

[0114] o The index(es) corresponding to the Top-2 resource indices are appended to B after the Top-1 resource index as follows:

[0115] ■ if the Top-1 resource index is not a part of the Top-2 resource indices, one or both the resource indices corresponding to the Top-2 resource indices are appended to B, wherein the ordering of the two resource indices appended may be determined via wireless device’s implementation, network configuration / indication or specification instruction(s),

[0116] ■ if the Top-1 resource index is contained in the Top-2 resource indices, only the resource index in the Top-2 other than the Top-1 resource index is appended to B.

[0117] o The index(es) corresponding to the Top-i resource indices, for i > 3, are appended to B following the steps until the addition of Top-(i - 1) resource indices to B as follows:

[0118] ■ if 1 < p < i of the Top-i resource indices is / are NOT present in B, append p' < p resource indices to B from the p resource indices NOT present in B,

[0119] ■ if all of the Top-i resource indices are present in B, no resource indices from the Top-i resources indices are appended to B, wherein, the ordering of the resource indices appended to B may be determined via wireless device implementation, network configuration / indication or specification instruction(s).

[0120] - The resource indices in set B are included in the report by the wireless device in the order that they are added or appended in set B.

[0121] In some examples, the ordering of the resource indices that are appended to the report from a set of Top-i resource indices may be determined by wireless device implementation, network configuration / indication or via specification instruction(s). In certain reporting instances, the ordering of the resource indices that are appended to the report from a set of Top-i resource indices may be as follows:

[0122] increasing / decreasing order of a predicted metric / value associated with the resources, e.g., predicted RSRP or SINR,increasing / decreasing order of a measurement value associated with the resources, for e.g., L1-RSRP or L1-SINR,

[0123] increasing / decreasing order of the resource indices.

[0124] In certain embodiments, if in any step the number of resource indices to append to set B exceeds K, only a subset of resource indices are appended to set B. This condition implies the following:

[0125] - To perform the appending of the index(es) corresponding to the Top-2 resource indices to set B after the Top-1 resource index:

[0126] o if the Top-1 resource index is not a part of the Top-2 resource indices and K > 3, both Top-2 resource indices could be appended to set B, o if the Top-1 resource index is not a part of the Top-2 resource indices and K = 2, only one of the Top-2 resource indices could be appended to set B, wherein the choice of the resource index appended is determined based on wireless device’s implementation, network configuration / indication or via specification instruction(s).

[0127] - To perform the appending of the index(es) corresponding to Top-i resource indices to set B following the steps until the addition of Top-(i - 1) resource indices to B:

[0128] o if 1 < p < i of the Top-i resource indices is / are NOT present in 2, append p' < p resource indices to 2 from the p resource indices NOT present in 2 such that the size of 2 DOES NOT exceed K, i.e., append p' resource indices from the Top-i resources indices that are not present in 2 such that p’ < K - |B|,

[0129] o the choice of the resource index appended is determined based on wireless device’s implementation, network configuration / indication or via specification instruction(s).

[0130] In certain embodiments, the K > 1 resource indices associated with the resources of the first resource set are ordered in the report with respect to a priority or a specific ordering scheme as described in the following. The resource indices are ordered in the report in a list, wherein the Top-1 resource index is first or at a first position. The Top-2 resource indices are second or at a second position (or they are appended to the Top- 1 resource index) in the report. Note that the Top-2 resource indices is a set comprising two or up to two resource indices. The Top-1 resource index is excluded from the Top- 2 resource indices (i.e., from this set), if the Top-1 resource index is contained in theTop-2 resource indices. The Top-3 resource indices can be third or at a third position (or they are appended to the Top-2 resource indices) in the report. One or more resource indices from the Top-2 resource indices can be excluded from the Top-3 resource indices, if one or more resource indices from the Top-2 resource indices are contained in the Top-3 resource indices. Furthermore, the Top-1 resource index is excluded from the Top-3 resource indices, if the Top-1 resource index is contained in the Top-3 resource indices. Note that this scheme is repeated until the number of resource indices in the report is K. In general, the Top-n resource indices are at the n-th position (or they are appended to the Top-(n-1) resource indices) in the report. One or more of the resource indices from the Top-n resource indices are excluded, if one or more resource indices from the Top-(i-1) (i < n) resource indices are contained in the Top-n resource indices.

[0131] Figure 2A illustrates a first example of reporting K = 4 resource indices by the wireless device. The beam predictor uses the one or more resources from the second resource set and predicts one more resource indices which are associated with one or more resources from the first resource set. Based on the measurements of the one or more resources from the second set, the beam predictor determines a number or a list of Top-i resource indices for all i < n. The resource indices are associated with resource of the first set. The value of n may depend on the configured number of K that denotes the maximum number of resource indices to be reported by the wireless device. In some examples, the reported resource indices are sequentially determined by the wireless device from the Top- i resource indices in an increasing order of i, starting with i = 1. The resource indices are ordered in the report such that the Top-1 resource index is first or at a first position. In the example shown in Figure 2A, the Top-1 resource index (i.e., the first resource index in the report) is #2. Then, the Top-2 resource indices are second. The Top-2 resource indices are #1 and #3. Note that the order of the Top-2 resource indices in this example is based on an increasing order of the resource index value. However, in some options, it may also be chosen arbitrarily or randomly by the wireless device. Following, the Top-3 resource indices are third. However, as resources indices #1 and #3 are included in the Top-2 resource indices and the resource index #2 is identical to the Top-1 index, no resource indices are reported from the Top-3 resource indices. Next, the Top-4 resource indices are appended to the reported sequence of resource indices. Here, the resource indices #1 and #2 areexcluded as they are contained in the Top-2 and Top-1 resource indices. Furthermore, the resource index #5 is excluded from the reported indices as the total number of resource indices K = 4. Hence, the list of reported resource indices for the above example is given by #2, #1, #3, and #4.

[0132] Figure 2B shows a second example of reporting K = 4 resource indices by the wireless device. The beam predictor uses the one or more resources from the second resource set and predicts one more resource indices which are associated with one or more resources from the first resource set. The beam predictor uses the one or more resources from the second resource set and predicts one more resource indices which are associated with one or more resources from the first resource set. Based on the measurements of the one or more resources from the second set, the beam predictor determines a number or a list of Top-i resource indices for all i < n. The resource indices are associated with resource of the first set. The value of n may depend on the configured number of K that denotes the maximum number of resource indices to be reported by the wireless device. In some examples, the reported resource indices are sequentially determined by the wireless device from the Top- i resource indices in an increasing order of i, starting with i = 1. In the example shown in Figure 2B, the first resource index to be reported is given by the Top-1 output which is resource index #2. The Top-2 output contains the resource indices #1 and #2. However, as resource index #2 is also the Top-1 resource index, this index is excluded from the list of resource indices to be reported. Hence, the list of resource indices comprises at this stage indices #2 and #1. Following, the Top-3 resource indices comprise resource indices #1, #2 and #3. Hence, resource indices #1 and #2 are excluded from the list of resource indices as they are already included in the Top-2 and Top-1 resource indices. The list of resource indices is therefore at this stage given by #2, #1 and #3. Next, the Top-4 resource indices are given by #1, #2, #3 and #4. As #1, #2, #3 are included in Top-1, Top-2 and Top-3 resource indices, only resource index #4 is appended to the list of resource indices. Finally, the complete list of reported resource indices is given by #2, #1, #3 and #4.

[0133] In a further embodiment, the sets

[0134]

[0135] are such that the set difference of any subsequent sets is of size 1, i.e., for all i > 1 the size of the set difference |dcZZ = 1. Then, the set of K resource indices JV* may be determined as 풩* := ∪ᵢ₌₁ dℐᵢ and the resource indices may be reported in the following order (dℐ₁ dℐ₂ ··· dℐ_K).In a further embodiment, the predicted resource indices (i.e., the output of the predictor) are ordered according to a specific rule. In some examples, the ordering of the rule is based on one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, SNR, or probability information. In some examples, the ordering of the rule is based on an assumption or a belief that a specific resource index is the Top-1 index. This means that the predicted resource indices are associated with an assumption that a certain resource is the best resource or the i-th best resource or one out of the best K resources. This assumption may be given by a value, e.g., between 0 or 1, like a probability, or between -Inf to +Inf, like a log-likelihood, or between 0 to 100 indicating a percentage.

[0136] Reporting of quality metric with the resource indices

[0137] The appending of predicted RSRP, SINR or probability information per resource index based on the outputs of AI / ML model(s) or AI / ML functionality(ies) or predictor(s) or predictive algorithm(s) in a report can be a noteworthy option for network scheduling. However, there may be a few issues with these options:

[0138] - Not every AI / ML model or AI / ML functionality or predictor or predictive algorithm may provide an RSRP or SINR at its output. There may be models that provide the predicted resource indices, along with other metrics or nothing else.

[0139] - The ‘probability information’ may not be a quantifiable or measurable value for testing purposes. When a physical layer feature is tested according to standard specifications, it requires quantities that are standardized and measurable. The probability information may not be such a value.

[0140] To address the above drawbacks and improve the reporting further, the following embodiments are proposed.

[0141] Note that the first resource set may also be denoted as a ‘reporting set’ or a ‘reported set’ in the following, as resources of the first resource set may be used for the reporting to the network node. The second resource set may also be denoted as a ‘measurement set’ in the following, as the information in the report may be determined based on measurements of the one or more resources from said second resource set.

[0142] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to provide a report to a network node that comprises at least:

[0143] - One or more resource indices, wherein an index is associated with a CSI-RS or an SSB resource or a beam of the reported set, andOne or more indices associated with one or more of a Channel Quality Indicator / lndex, CQI, or a Modulation Order and Coding Scheme, MCS.

[0144] Here, in the following, the one or more resource indices (e.g., CRI and / or SSBRI) may be referred as the first set of indices, and the one or more indices associated with the CQI(s) or MCS(s) may be referred to as the second set of indices. In some cases, there may be a correspondence or a mapping or an association between the CRI / SSBRI and the CQI / MCS index / indices. In some embodiments, for at least one CRI or SSBRI, at least one CQI / MCS index is provided in the report.

[0145] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to provide a report to a network node that comprises at least the following:

[0146] - K > 1 CSI-RS / SSB resource indices associated with resource(s) of the reported set,

[0147] - K > 1 CQI / MCS indices associated with one or more of the K > 1 CSI-RS / SSB resource indices.

[0148] A CQI / MCS index may be associated with a CSI-RS / SSB resource index, i.e., there may be a correspondence or a mapping or an association between the resource indices and the CQI / MCS indices in the report.

[0149] In certain embodiments, one or more CQI / MCS indices provided in the report are differential CQI / MCS indices.

[0150] In certain embodiments, only one of the reported K > 1 CQI / MCS indices is an absolute CQI / MCS index and the other K - 1 CQI / MCS indices are differential CQI / MCS indices. A differential CQI / MCS index may be determined with respect to an absolute CQI / MCS index.

[0151] In some examples, the CSI / MCS index reported as an absolute CQI / MCS index may represent the highest or the lowest CQI / MCS index value among the reported CQI / MCS index values.

[0152] With the above method, the wireless device may make use of an AI / ML model that predicts CQI / MCS indices (or values) associated with the resources (i.e., beams) of the reported (i.e., first) set based on measurements of the one or more resources of the measurement (i.e., second) set. This method may also be used in legacy wireless devices without supporting AI / ML models by including one or more CQI indices in abeam search / report instance. In this way a separate CSI reporting instance on the one or more resources indicated in a beam report may be avoided, thereby reducing the PDSCH scheduling latency.

[0153] In certain embodiments, the CSI-RS / SSB resource(s) indicated in a report or used by the wireless device for the resource measurement(s) comprise(s) only a single port. In certain embodiments, the reported CQI / MCS index / indices is / are a wideband CQI / MCS index / indices. In certain embodiments, the determination of the CQI / MCS is based on the DMRS parameters configured via a higher layer for the PDSCH (e.g., parameters such as DMRS type, DMRS additional position, maxLength, etc.).

[0154] In certain embodiments, when a CSI-RS / SSB (CRI / SSBRI) index associated with a resource of the first set and indicated in the report and associated with a CQI / MCS index comprises more than one port, a predetermined value of the rank and / or precoding settings are assumed when calculating the CQI / MCS index. In some examples, if the CSI-RS index associated with a CQI / MCS index has P > 2 ports, one or more of the following may apply or may be assumed:

[0155] - The wireless device assumes a rank value of R > 1, wherein the value of R is defined in standard specifications (such as the 5G NR and / or 6G specifications). - The wireless device assumes a wideband precoding of the corresponding PDSCH with a P x R precoding matrix, wherein the precoding matrix is defined in standard specifications (such as the 5G NR and / or 6G specifications).

[0156] In some examples, when P > 2 ports, a rank value of R = P is assumed and an identity matrix or a scaled identity matrix may be the precoding matrix.

[0157] Performance monitoring

[0158] The following embodiments provide methods for monitoring the performance of the predictive algorithm or method (e.g., AI / ML model or filtering technique) used at the wireless device to determine the information related to the selected one or more resources of the reported set.

[0159] In certain embodiments, a third resource set, comprising one or more resources, is configured or indicated to the wireless device via a higher layer or a lower layer (e.g., the PHY layer). The third resource set may be denoted as the monitoring set in the following. In some examples, the monitoring set may be a part of a report configuration(received from a network node or another wireless device) which relates to one or more resources of the monitoring set.

[0160] In some examples, the third resource set is configured or indicated in addition to the first and second resource sets. In some other examples, the third and the first resource set may be the same, i.e., they denote the same resource set.

[0161] The third resource set may be denoted as the ‘monitoring set’ in the following.

[0162] In some options, the monitoring set (i.e., the third resource set) is a proper subset or a subset of the first resource set. In some options, the monitoring set (i.e., the third resource set) set comprises one or more resources of the first resource set and one or more resources of the second resource set.

[0163] In some options, the resources of the monitoring set are identical to the resources of the reported set, i.e., the first resource set. This means, both sets comprise the same resources. In some examples, the resources of the monitoring set are downlink, DL, resources, e.g., CSI-RS and / or SSB resources.

[0164] In certain embodiments, the wireless device is configured to:

[0165] - perform measurements on the resources of the monitoring set,

[0166] - determine or calculate performance or quality indicator(s) or metric(s) using one or more resources selected from the monitoring set or all resources from the monitoring set and one or more resources selected from the first resource set (i.e., the reported set) or all resources from the first resource set,

[0167] - report said performance or quality indicator(s) or metric(s) to the network node or another wireless device.

[0168] In some examples, the one or more resources from the monitoring set are provided by the network node or another wireless device over a number of time instants or slots. In some options, the wireless device is configured to:

[0169] - measure one or more resources of the monitoring set over one or more timeinstants t0, ta-l ta > 1,

[0170] - obtain measurements or predicted measurements associated with one or more resources from the first resource set over a number of time-instants tg,..., tp_v / 3 > 1,- calculate performance or quality metric(s) from a selection of one or more resources from the monitoring set and one or more resources from the first set, along or across time instants,

[0171] - report said performance or quality metric(s) to the network node or another wireless device.

[0172] In some options, the time instants or the number of time instants, a and / or p for determining the performance or quality metric is / are configured to the wireless device or fixed in the specifications.

[0173] In some options, the difference between the time instants associated with the measurements from the monitoring set and the time instants associated with the predicted measurements corresponding to the resources in the first resource set may be obtained, and the difference may be less than or equal to a predetermined (e.g., fixed in the specifications) or configured (provided by the network) threshold.

[0174] For example, the value - t- ort- - tt, i = 0,...,a - l,a = p may be less than or equal to a predetermined or configured threshold. This threshold may be required to have an acceptable level of tolerance of measurement / prediction ‘aging’ (i.e., deterioration). The value of the threshold may be set to 0 (identical time instants, i.e., matched) or may be set in terms of number of symbols, slots, subframes, milliseconds or seconds. In some examples, a time instant may denote a point in time in the radio frame such as a slot, a symbol, a value in milliseconds or seconds, in absolute terms or relative to a pre-determined, configured or specified point in time. In some other examples, a time instant is associated with a measurement instance or a reporting instance that comprises an indication of the selected resources of the first resource set.

[0175] In some options, a “window” of time instants is configured to the wireless device from the network node or another wireless device. For example, the “window” can be a higher layer parameter that is provided in a monitoring report configuration. The wireless device may calculate a performance or quality indicator based on the information of the selected resources from the first set of resources (or first resource set) and the second set of resources (or second resource set) across one or more time instants.

[0176] In this disclosure, the terms ‘performance or quality metric’ and 'performance or quality indicator’ may be used interchangeably.The performance or quality indicator may be reported via a dedicated monitoring report, or it may be a part of the report that indicates the selected resources from the first resource set to the network node or another wireless device.

[0177] In some examples, the wireless device is configured to select N > 1 or up to N > 1 resources from the first resource set, and M > 1 or up to M > 1 resources from the monitoring set and to compare the selected resources from both sets. In some options, N > M, N > M, N = M, N < M, or N < M.

[0178] In some options, the performance or quality indicator is defined by a ratio Xp / X, where X is a total number of time instants / instances and Xpis the number of time instants / instances for which a condition is satisfied. Examples are described in the following.

[0179] In a first option, Xpis the number of time instants / instances for which N selected resources from the first resource set are identical to N resources from a set of M selected resources of the monitoring set. For example, the N resources of the third set are the resources with the highest RSRP among M selected resources, wherein N < M.

[0180] In a second option, Xpis the number of time instants for which a subset of the N selected resources from the first resource set is identical to a subset of the M selected resources of the monitoring set. In some examples, the subset comprises T resources, wherein T < N, or T < N. In some examples, the subset of T resources from the first resource set are the resources with the highest RSRP among the M selected resources. In some examples, T = 1.

[0181] In a third option, Xpis the number of time instants for which K selected resources from the first resource set are identical to N resources from the monitoring set. For example, the N resources of the third set are the resources with the highest RSRP among all resources of the set.

[0182] In certain embodiments, the performance or quality indicator is given by a log2B bit indicator in the CSI report, wherein B is a function of the ratio - In certain embodiments, the value of N and / or the value of M is / are configured to the wireless device from a network node or another wireless device. The parameter Nand / or M can be higher layer parameters and a part of a report configuration. In certain cases, the value of N is identical to the value of K or, the parameters N and K are identical.

[0183] In certain embodiments, the monitoring set is a periodic, semi-persistent or a-periodic resource set.

[0184] In certain embodiments, the resource set type (i.e., periodic, semi-persistent or aperiodic) of the monitoring set is different to the resource set type of the second or first resource set. In certain embodiments, the resource set type of the monitoring set and the first or second resource set is identical, but the time behavior (e.g., periodic, and / or periodicity) of both sets is different.

[0185] In certain embodiments, the monitoring set may not include resource(s) from the second (i.e., measurement) resource set. This means, in some examples, the one or more resources of the second resource set may be configured in a separate configuration to the wireless device, as described above. In this way, the number of measurements performed by the wireless device for the monitoring is reduced.

[0186] Furthermore, the monitoring resources may be associated with the one or more resources of the second resource set, such that the one or more resources of the second resource set may also be used in addition to the monitoring resources for calculating a performance or quality indicator.

[0187] In certain embodiments, the one or more resources of the second resource set may be associated with a validity duration. The validity duration may be configured or preconfigured and may comprise one or more slots, half-slots, symbols, seconds, milliseconds, microseconds to the wireless device. The wireless device may store the measurements associated with the one more resources of the second resource set for the validity duration in a buffer. In further embodiments, the wireless device may only calculate the performance or quality indicator, if the monitoring resources or the monitoring report is / are triggered or occur within the validity duration.

[0188] In another embodiment, if the monitoring resources or the monitoring report is triggered or occurs outside of the validity duration, the wireless device may ignore the monitoring resources or the reporting of the monitoring report, or the triggering of the monitoring resources or the monitoring report.In another embodiment, the wireless device may measure the one or more resources of the second resource set also for the purpose of monitoring. In some examples, the monitoring resource set and the one or more resources from the second resource set may be received by the wireless device in a monitoring occasion. This may be dependent or independent on the validity duration.

[0189] In certain embodiments, the monitoring resource configuration and / or the monitoring report configuration has / have a reference to a configuration indicating the one or more resources of the second resource set.

[0190] In a further embodiment, a monitoring occasion associated with a monitoring report is associated with a time or monitoring window, e.g., a number of frames, half frames, slots, half slots, symbols, for which the wireless device measures the monitoring resources.

[0191] In another embodiment, the wireless device measures the one or more resources of the second resource set within the monitoring window. The one or more resources of the second resource set may be expected at certain time instants / instances within the monitoring window. In some examples, the time instants / instances within the monitoring window are preconfigured, e.g., in the first slot(s) or in the last slot(s), or they are configured, e.g., via RRC signaling.

[0192] Referring to Figure 3, there is disclosed a method performed by a wireless device according to some embodiments. The method comprises:

[0193] - receiving (301) a report configuration, relating to one or more resources of a first set of resources and / or one or more resources of a second set of resources, from a network node or another wireless device,

[0194] - performing (302) measurements of one or more resources from the second set of resources,

[0195] - determining (303) information relating to one or more resources from the first set of resources, and

[0196] - reporting (304) the information relating the to one or more resources from the first set of resources to the network node or another wireless device.Optionally, the one or more resources from the second set of resources for which the measurements are performed are a subset of the one or more resources of the second set of resources that are configured by the report configuration. Optionally, the one or more resources from the second set of resources for which the measurements are performed are equal to the one or more resources of the second set of resources that are configured by the report configuration.

[0197] According to some embodiments herein, the first set of resources is a resource set and the second set of resources is a resource set.

[0198] According to some embodiments herein, the first set of resources and the second set of resources is comprised in one resource set.

[0199] According to some embodiments herein, the information relating to the one or more resources of the first set is determined or derived based on the measurements of the one or more resources from the second set.

[0200] According to some embodiments herein, the information relating to the one or more resources of the first set of resources comprises one or more resource indices associated with the one or more resources of the first set of resources.

[0201] According to some embodiments herein, the information also comprises quality metrics or measures associated with the one or more reported resource indices.

[0202] According to some embodiments herein, the information is determined based on a prediction.

[0203] According to some embodiments herein, the second set of resources is a smaller set of resources than the first set of resources. Optionally, the reporting is performed by predicting the quality of the first set of resources based on the measurements of the second set of resources. Advantageously, measurement overhead can be reduced since only a small set of resources needs to be measured.

[0204] According to some embodiments herein, one or more resources of the first set of resources and / or one or more resources of the second set of resources are reference signal (RS) resources.

[0205] In order to perform the previously described process or method steps performed by the wireless device (such as a UE or an loT device), there is also provided a wirelessdevice. Figure 5 illustrates a simplified block diagram depicting a wireless device 500. The wireless device 500 comprises a processor 510 or processing circuit or a processing module or a processor means 510; a receiver circuit or receiver module 540; a transmitter circuit or transmitter module 550; a memory module 520, a transceiver circuit or transceiver module 530 which may include the transmitter circuit 550 and the receiver circuit 540. The wireless device 500 further comprises an antenna system 560 which includes antenna circuitry for transmitting and receiving signals to / from at least the network node or other wireless device(s). The antenna system employs beamforming as previously described.

[0206] The wireless device may be a UE or an loT device. The wireless device 500 may belong to any radio access technology including 4G or LTE, LTE-A, 5G, advanced 5G or a combination thereof that support beamforming technology. The wireless device comprising the processor and the memory contains instructions executable by the processor, whereby the wireless device 500 is operative or is configured to perform any one of the embodiments related to the wireless device as previously described. The processing module / circuit 510 includes a processor, microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like, and may be referred to as the “processor.” The processor 510 controls the operation of the wireless device and its components. Memory (circuit or module) 520 includes a random-access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), and / or another type of memory to store data and instructions that may be used by processor 510. In general, it will be understood that the wireless device 500 in one or more embodiments includes fixed or programmed circuitry that is configured to carry out the operations in any of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0207] In at least one such example, the processor 510 includes a microprocessor, microcontroller, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other processing circuitry that is configured to execute computer program instructions from a computer program stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium that is in or is accessible to the processing circuitry. Here, “non-transitory” does not necessarily mean permanent or unchanging storage, and may include storage in working or volatile memory, but the term does connote storage of at least some persistence. The execution of the program instructions specially adapts or configures the processing circuitry to carry out theoperations disclosed in this disclosure relating to the wireless device. Further, it will be appreciated that the wireless device 500 may comprise additional components.

[0208] The wireless device 500 by means of processor 510 executes instructions contained in the memory 520 whereby the wireless device is operative to perform any one of the previously described embodiments related to the actions performed by the wireless device, some of which are presented in appended claims.

[0209] There is also provided a computer program comprising instructions which when executed by the processor 510 of the wireless device cause the processor 510 to carry out the method according to any one of the previously described embodiments.

[0210] Referring to Figure 4, there is illustrated a method performed by a network node 600 according to some embodiments. The method comprises:

[0211] - transmitting (401) a report configuration, relating to one or more resources of a first set of resources and / or one or more resources of a second set of resources, to the wireless device;

[0212] for enabling (402) the wireless device to:

[0213] - perform measurements of one or more resources from the second set of resources,

[0214] - determine information relating to one or more resources from the first set of resources; and

[0215] - receiving (403) the information relating to the one or more resources from the first set of resources from the wireless device.

[0216] In order to perform the previously described process or method steps performed by the network node, there is also provided a network node. Figure 6 illustrates a block diagram depicting a network node 600. The network node 600 comprises a processor 610 or processing circuit or a processing module or a processor means 610; a receiver circuit or receiver module 640; a transmitter circuit or transmitter module 650; a memory module 620, a transceiver circuit or transceiver module 630 which may include the transmitter circuit 650 and the receiver circuit 640. The network node 600 further comprises an antenna system 660 which includes antenna circuitry for transmitting andreceiving signals to / from at least the wireless device. The antenna system employs beamforming as previously described.

[0217] The network node 600 may belong to any radio access technology including 4G or LTE, LTE-A, 5G, advanced 5G or a combination thereof that support beamforming technology. The network device comprising the processor and the memory contains instructions executable by the processor, whereby the network node 600 is operative or is configured to perform any one of the embodiments related to the network node 500 as previously described. The network node may be a gNB.

[0218] The processing module / circuit 610 includes a processor, microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like, and may be referred to as the “processor.” The processor 610 controls the operation of the network node and its components. Memory (circuit or module) 620 includes a random-access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), and / or another type of memory to store data and instructions that may be used by processor 610. In general, it will be understood that the network node in one or more embodiments includes fixed or programmed circuitry that is configured to carry out the operations in any of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0219] In at least one such example, the processor 610 includes a microprocessor, microcontroller, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other processing circuitry that is configured to execute computer program instructions from a computer program stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium that is in or is accessible to the processing circuitry. Here, “non-transitory” does not necessarily mean permanent or unchanging storage, and may include storage in working or volatile memory, but the term does connote storage of at least some persistence. The execution of the program instructions specially adapts or configures the processing circuitry to carry out the operations disclosed in this disclosure relating to the wireless device. Further, it will be appreciated that the network node500 may comprise additional components. The network node 600 may also be viewed as a Transmitter and Receiver Point (TRP). The network node 600 by means of processor 610 executes instructions contained in the memory 620 whereby the network node 600 is operative to perform any one of the previously described embodiments related to the actions performed by the network node, some of which are presented in appended claims.There is also provided a computer program comprising instructions which when executed by the processor 610 of the network node cause the processor 610 to carry out the method presented in appended claims.

[0220] Several advantages of the described embodiments in this disclosure are achieved as previously described and which include significantly reducing the signalling overhead for beam reporting and indication. The proposed methods aid at the wireless device or network node for beam prediction in time and / or spatial domains.

[0221] Reference throughout this specification to “an example” or “exemplary” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the example is included in at least one embodiment of the present technology. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in an example” or the word “exemplary” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

[0222] Throughout this disclosure, the word "comprise" or “comprising” has been used in a non-limiting sense, i.e. meaning "consist at least of". Although specific terms may be employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. The embodiments herein may be applied in any wireless systems including LTE or 4G, LTE-A (or LTE-Advanced), 5G, advanced 5G, WiMAX, WiFi, satellite communications, TV broadcasting etc.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A method performed by a wireless device (500), the method comprising:o receiving (301 ) a report configuration, relating to one or more resources of a first set of resources and / or one or more resources of a second set of resources, from a network node (600) or another wireless device; o performing (302) measurements of one or more resources from the second set of resources;o determining (303) information relating to one or more resources from the first set of resources; ando reporting (304) the information relating to the one or more resources from the first set of resources to the network node (600) or another wireless device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the one or more resources of the first set of resources is determined or derived based on the measurements of the one or more resources from the second set of resources.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first set of resources is a resource set and the second set of resources is a resource set.

4. The method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources are comprised in one resource set.

5. The method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the information relating to the one or more resources of the first set of resources comprises one or more resource indices associated with the one or more resources of the first set of resources.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the information further comprises one or more quality metrics or measures associated with the one or more reported resource indices.

7. The method according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the information is determined based on a prediction.

8. The method according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the reported information comprises one or more resource indices associated with the one or more resources of the first resource set, and wherein the one or more resource indices are ordered based on quality metrics or measures of the associated resources.

9. The method according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the wireless device is configured to report information related to K > 1 or up to K > 1 resources from thefirst resource set for multiple time instants to the network node or the other wireless device.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein K indicates a number of resource indices or a maximum number of resource indices to be reported.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the wireless device is configured to report an ordered sequence of resource indices aKas aK= {aK-1, aK}, where aK-1is a sequence comprising K - 1 ordered resource indices associated with K - 1 resources, and aKis a resource index associated with the / C-th resource.

12. The method according to any of claims 1-11, wherein the Top-i resource indices are the i resource indices that are associated with the highest signal strength (e.g., RSRP, SINR, SNR), chance or probability among the resources from the first resource set.

13. The method according to any of claims 1-12, wherein at least one of the following apply:o the Top-1 resource index is first or at a first position in the reported information,o the Top-2 resource indices are second or at a second position in the reported information,o the Top-1 resource index is excluded from the Top-2 resource indices (i.e., from this set), if the Top-1 resource index is contained in the Top-2 resource indices, oro the Top-n resource indices are at the n-th position, or they are appended to the Top-(n-1) resource indices, in the reported information, and one or more of the resource indices from the Top-n resource indices are excluded, if one or more resource indices from the Top-(i-1) (i < n) resource indices are contained in the Top-n resource indices.

14. The method according to any of claims 1-13, wherein the ordering of the resource indices that are appended to the reported information from a set of Top-i resource indices is determined by wireless device implementation, network configuration / indication or via specification instruction(s).

15. The method according to any of claims 1-14, wherein the ordering of the resource indices that are appended to the reported information from a set of Top-i resource indices is at least one of the following:o increasing / decreasing order of a predicted metric / value associated with the resources, e.g., predicted RSRP or SINR,o increasing / decreasing order of a measurement value associated with the resources, e.g., L1-RSRP or L1-SINR, oro increasing / decreasing order of the resource indices.

16. The method according to any of claims 1-15, wherein K > 1 resource indices associated with the resources of the first resource set are included in the reported information, and wherein the resource index(es) in the reported information are included / appended from the following sets from a predictor, in the following order, o Top-1 resource index,o Top-2 resource indices,o Top-3 resource indices and so on.

17. The method according to any of claims 9-16, wherein the wireless device is at least configured to include resource index(es) from any of the aforementioned sets as long as the total number of resource index(es) included in the reported information is less than K.

18. The method according to any of claims 1-17, wherein the wireless device is configured to include one or more resource(s) from the Top-i resource indices, in the reported information following the steps until the appending / inclusion of Topi - 1) resource indices to the reported information as follows:- if 1 < p < i of the Top-i resource indices is / are not yet included in the reported information, append / include p' < p resource indices to the reported information from the p resource indices not yet included in the reported information, - if all of the Top-i resource indices are already included in the reported information, no resource indices from the Top-i resources indices are appended / included in the reported information,wherein, the ordering of the p' resource indices included / appended to the reported information is determined via wireless device implementation, network configuration / indication or specification instruction(s).

19. The method according to any of claims 9-18, wherein the wireless device is configured to perform the inclusion of the index(es) corresponding toTop-i resource indices to the reported information following the steps until the inclusion / appending of Top-(i - 1) resource indices to the reported information, with the following rule:if 1 < p < i of the Top-i resource indices is / are not yet included in the reported information, append / include p' < p resource indices to the reported information from the p resource indices not included in the reported information such that the total number of resources indices in the reported information does not exceed K.

20. The method according to any of claims 1-19, wherein the wireless device is configured to provide a report to the network node that comprises at least:- One or more resource indices, wherein an index is associated with a CSI-RS or an SSB resource or a beam of the reported set, and- One or more indices associated with one or more of a Channel Quality Indicator / lndex, CQI, or a Modulation Order and Coding Scheme, MCS.

21. The method according to any of claims 1-20, wherein the wireless device is configured to provide a report to the network node that comprises at least the following:o K > 1 CSI-RS / SSB resource indices associated with resource(s) of the reported set,o K > 1 CQI / MCS indices associated with one or more of the K > 1 CSI- RS / SSB resource indices.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein there is a correspondence or a mapping or an association between the resource indices and the CQI / MCS indices in the report.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein only one of the reported K > 1 CQI / MCS indices is an absolute CQI / MCS index and the other K - 1 CQI / MCS indices are differential CQI / MCS indices.

24. The method according to any of claims 21-23, wherein when a CSI-RS / SSB (CRI / SSBRI) index associated with a resource of the first set and indicated in the report and associated with a CQI / MCS index comprises more than one port, i.e., P > 2 ports, one or more of the following apply or are assumed:o the wireless device assumes a rank value of R > 1, wherein the value of R is defined in standard specifications, oro the wireless device assumes a wideband precoding of the corresponding PDSCH with a P x R precoding matrix, wherein the precoding matrix is defined in standard specifications.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein when P > 2 ports, a rank value of R = P is assumed and an identity matrix or a scaled identity matrix is the precoding matrix.

26. The method according to any of claims 1-25, wherein a third resource set, comprising one or more resources, is configured or indicated to the wireless device via a higher layer or a lower layer (e.g., the PHY layer), wherein the third resource set is denoted as a monitoring set.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the resources of the monitoring set are identical to the resources of the first resource set.

28. The method according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the wireless device is configured to:o perform measurements on the resources of the monitoring set,o determine or calculate performance or quality indicator(s) or metric(s) using one or more resources selected from the monitoring set or all resources from the monitoring set and one or more resources selected from the first resource set or all resources from the first resource set, ando report said performance or quality indicator(s) or metric(s) to the network node or another wireless device.

29. The method according to any of claims 26-28, wherein the wireless device is configured to:o measure one or more resources of the monitoring set over one or more timeinstants t0, ta-l ta > 1,o obtain measurements or predicted measurements associated with one or more resources from the first resource set over a number of time-instants t0,..., tp_, fl > 1,o calculate performance or quality metric(s) from a selection of one or more resources from the monitoring set and one or more resources from the first set, along or across time instants, ando report said performance or quality metric(s) to the network node or another wireless device.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein a difference between the time instants associated with the measurements from the monitoring set and the time instants associated with the predicted measurements corresponding to the resources in the first resource set is obtained, wherein the difference is less than or equal to apredetermined (e.g., fixed in the specifications) or configured (provided by the network) threshold.

31. The method according to any of claims 26-30, wherein the wireless device is configured to select N > 1 or up to N > 1 resources from the first resource set, and M > 1 or up to M > 1 resources from the monitoring set and to compare the selected resources from both sets, wherein one of the following is applicable: N > M, N > M, N = M, N < M, or N < M.

32. The method according to any of claims 28-31, wherein the performance or quality indicator is defined by a ratio Xp / X, where X is a total number of time instants / instances and Xpis the number of time instants / instances for which at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:o Xpis the number of time instants / instances for which N selected resources from the first resource set are identical to N resources from a set of M selected resources of the monitoring set,o Xpis the number of time instants for which a subset of the N selected resources from the first resource set is identical to a subset of the M selected resources of the monitoring set, oro Xpis the number of time instants for which K selected resources from the first resource set are identical to N resources from the monitoring set.

33. The method according to any of claims 28-32, wherein the performance or quality indicator is given by a log2B bit indicator in the CSI report, wherein B is a function of the ratio — X.

34. The method according to any of claims 31-33, wherein the value of N and / or the value of M is / are configured to the wireless device from the network node or another wireless device.

35. The method according to any of claims 28-34, wherein the one or more resources of the second resource set is associated with a validity duration, and the validity duration is configured or preconfigured to the wireless device and comprises one or more slots, half-slots, symbols, seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, and the method further comprises at least one of the following:o storing the measurements associated with the one more resources of the second resource set for the validity duration in a buffer,o calculating the performance or quality indicator, if monitoring resources or a monitoring report is / are triggered or occur within the validity duration.

36. The method according to claim 35, wherein if the monitoring resources or the monitoring report is triggered or occurs outside of the validity duration, the method comprises ignoring the monitoring resources or the reporting of the monitoring report, or the triggering of the monitoring resources or the monitoring report.

37. The method according to claim 35 or 36, wherein the method further comprises measuring the one or more resources of the second resource set also for the purpose of monitoring.

38. The method according to any of claims 35-37, wherein the monitoring set and the one or more resources from the second resource set are received by the wireless device in a monitoring occasion, and wherein the monitoring occasion is dependent or independent on the validity duration.

39. The method according to any of claims 35-38, wherein a monitoring resource configuration and / or a monitoring report configuration has / have a reference to a configuration indicating the one or more resources of the second resource set.

40. The method according to any of claims 35-39, wherein a monitoring occasion associated with a monitoring report is associated with a time or monitoring window such as a number of frames, half frames, slots, half slots, symbols, for which the wireless device measures the monitoring resources.

41. The method according to claim 40, wherein the method comprises measuring the one or more resources of the second resource set within the monitoring window.

42. A method performed by a network node (600), the method comprising:- transmitting (401 ) a report configuration, relating to one or more resources of a first set of resources and / or one or more resources of a second set of resources, to the wireless device;o for enabling (402) the wireless device to:- perform measurements of one or more resources from the second set of resources,- determine information relating to one or more resources from the first set of resources; and- receiving (403) the information relating to the one or more resources from the first set of resources from the wireless device.

43. A wireless device (500) comprising a processor (510) and a memory (520) containing instructions executable by said processor (510), whereby the wireless device (500) is operative to perform the method according to any of claims 1-41.

44. A network node (600) comprising a processor (610) and a memory (620) containing instructions executable by said processor (610), whereby the network node (600) is operative to perform the method according to claim 42.

45. The wireless device (500) according to claim 43, wherein the wireless device (500) is a User Equipment, UE.

46. The network node (600) according to claim 44, wherein the network node (600) is a gNodeB or gNB.

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