Support and method for constructing a ceiling formwork support structure
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images
Figure EP2026053157_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Support and a method for constructing a slab formwork support structure
[0002] The invention relates to a support, in particular a formwork support for a slab formwork support structure, comprising:
[0003] a first support element;
[0004] a second support part, wherein the first and the second support part are arranged to be movable relative to each other, in particular telescopic; and
[0005] at least one connecting section on an outside of the first support part for connection to a connecting part.
[0006] Furthermore, the invention relates to a combination of a support with a connecting part, a slab formwork support structure and a method for constructing a slab formwork support structure, preferably a slab formwork.
[0007] Supports of the type mentioned above are used to construct stable, load-bearing support structures consisting of multiple supports, such as those used in construction for formwork or scaffolding. In these support structures, the individual supports are connected to each other via connecting elements, employing various connection techniques. These connection techniques can be broadly categorized as positive-locking, friction-locking, and combined connections.
[0008] Friction-fit connections offer the advantage of high flexibility regarding the positioning of the connecting elements on the columns, as they usually do not require predefined connection points and the connecting elements can therefore be arranged variably on the column. However, a disadvantage is that friction-fit connections generally only withstand low forces and can easily loosen under load or dynamic stress. The use of connecting elements attached to columns via friction-fit connections can therefore compromise safety on construction sites. In contrast, positive-locking connections allow for the absorption of higher loads and thus offer greater safety when using columns and connecting elements that employ positive-locking connections. However, the positioning of the connecting elements is usually limited to discrete, predetermined connection points.Typically, there are predefined connection points for joining the connecting parts, thus limiting the positioning of the connecting parts on the supports. This allows, for example, for...
[0009] Ground irregularities cannot be compensated for, or only to a limited extent. In cases of significant ground irregularities, connection components cannot be used at all without further leveling measures. Another disadvantage of positive-locking connections is that corresponding retaining elements must be attached to the supports to create the positive fit; these often protrude from the supports. These retaining elements can be easily damaged during transport, making the connection of the components difficult or impossible. Furthermore, especially with support structures for slab formwork, liquid concrete can drip onto the protruding retaining elements and harden. Complex retaining elements can then be very difficult to clean of hardened concrete. Moreover, complex retaining elements increase production costs.
[0010] Supports with connecting sections for positive locking connection with connecting parts, which have the advantages and disadvantages described above, are known, among others, from NL 2 004 576 C2, WO 2004 / 011741 A2, US 2021 / 0180344 Al and KR 10 2009 0036369 A .
[0011] In light of the above, the object of the present invention is to mitigate or even completely eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art. Preferably, the object of the present invention is to provide a support of the type mentioned above that enables a simple, secure, and variable connection of a connecting part to the support. The support should preferably also be designed in such a way that damage during transport is avoided and it can be easily cleaned. Furthermore, the support should be able to be manufactured cost-effectively and efficiently.
[0012] This problem is solved by a support according to claim 1, by an associated connecting part according to claim 11, and by a method for constructing a slab formwork support structure according to claim 15. Claim 13 specifies a combination of a support with a connecting part. Claim 14 relates to a slab formwork structure.
[0013] According to the invention, in a support of the type mentioned above, the connecting section has at least one retaining grid molded into the outer surface of the first support part, with a plurality of retaining projections for connection to the connecting part, and the retaining grid is designed for a positive engagement with the connecting part, so that the connecting part is secured against slipping in a longitudinal direction of the support when connected to it. The at least one retaining grid with the plurality of retaining projections provides a variable connection option for the connecting part to the support with many different positions within the retaining grid. The connection between the connecting part and the support can be established at different points within the at least one retaining grid. This allows, in particular, uneven ground surfaces that lead to different
[0014] The difference in height between two supports is compensated for. The positive locking mechanism, preferably achieved by the engagement of a further retaining grid on the connecting part, reliably secures the connecting part against slippage parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support. The present invention thus combines the advantages of friction-fit and positive locking connection techniques. The positive locking mechanism between the support according to the invention and the connecting part acts at least parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support and is created by the contact of further retaining projections on the connecting part with the retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid of the support. The positive locking mechanism preferably acts in two opposite directions parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support, thus downwards and upwards in the intended operating state of the support.It is possible that, in addition to the positive locking, a frictional locking mechanism also exists between the connecting part and the support due to friction. Besides the positive locking mechanism directed in the longitudinal direction of the support, further positive locking mechanisms may also exist between the connecting part and the support. The additional retaining projections of the at least one further retaining grid of the connecting part are arranged to form the positive locking mechanism between the retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid of the support. This prevents displacement of the connecting part parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support, preferably, as already mentioned, in two opposite directions parallel to the longitudinal direction. Thus, downward slippage and lifting of the connecting part are prevented. Due to the small size of the retaining projections, the at least one retaining grid does not protrude, or only very slightly, from the outer surface of the first support part.The retaining projections are preferably elongated. In one embodiment of the invention, the retaining projections can be elongated and preferably continuous edges or protrusions. It is advantageous if the retaining projections extend substantially horizontally, i.e., transversely to a central longitudinal axis of the support. This reduces the risk of dripping and subsequently hardening concrete or dirt contaminating the at least one retaining grid. The at least one retaining grid is easy to clean due to its open structure. Therefore, should concrete or dirt nevertheless enter the at least one retaining grid, it can be easily cleaned. The first support section is preferably an outer support section into which the second support section is at least partially inserted.The first support element can also be an inner support element that is accommodated within the second support element, in this case an outer support element. The first and second support elements are preferably made of metal, in particular steel or aluminum. The at least one support grid is formed into the first support element. The at least one support grid can be produced, for example, during the manufacture of the first support element by forming with a forming tool or by an internal high-pressure forming process, such as hydroforming. However, the use of a roll forming process is particularly preferred. It is also possible that the at least one support grid is produced during a casting process using a suitable mold or by forging.
[0015] Alternatively, at least one of the retaining grids can also be produced using a subtractive process, for example, by milling. The aforementioned exemplary methods can also be used to produce at least one further retaining grid, which will be described below. The at least one retaining grid can have at least 5, at least 8, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, or at least 24 retaining projections. The at least one retaining grid can have a length of at least 30 mm, at least 50 mm, at least 70 mm, at least 100 mm, or at least 200 mm. Preferably, the retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid are identical. The width of the at least one retaining grid or the length of the retaining projections can be, for example, at least 8 mm, at least 10 mm, at least 12 mm, at least 20 mm, or at least 35 mm.The retaining projections can each have a height of at least 1 mm, at least 1.5 mm, at least 2 mm, at least 4 mm, or at least 5 mm. The height of a retaining projection is measured essentially radially to the support, i.e., transversely to the longitudinal direction of the support, between a maximum projection point of the retaining projection and a minimum projection point between the retaining projection and an adjacent retaining projection. The retaining projections can have a rounded, for example, circular or oval, or angular shape in cross-section. It is advantageous if the retaining projections are elongated and have a longitudinal extent that is oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support. The retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid are preferably aligned parallel to each other. The retaining projections do not function as threads.The retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid can be arranged at regular or irregular intervals. Preferably, however, the retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid are spaced at a regular interval. The support can also have several retaining grids on the first support section. The retaining grids can be identical. However, it is also possible for the retaining grids on the first support section to be different, for example, with regard to the length and shape of the retaining projections as well as the number of retaining projections. The retaining grids can be spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the support and in the circumferential direction. In a variant of the invention, it can also be provided that the at least one retaining grid extends substantially along the entire length of the first support section.Multiple support grids can be provided along the circumference of the support, extending essentially along the entire length of the first support section. The first and / or second support section can have a round or polygonal cross-sectional shape.
[0016] Unless otherwise stated, location and direction information in this disclosure refers to the intended state of use of the support, in which it is vertically aligned along the acceleration due to gravity.
[0017] A flexible connection option for the connecting part at different height positions of the support is achieved when the retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid are arranged one above the other when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the support. Preferably, the retaining projections are arranged at regular intervals within the at least one retaining grid.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, several mounting grids can be arranged on the first column section along the longitudinal direction of the column and / or along a circumferential direction. This allows connection elements to be arranged at different heights and sides of the column. The mounting grids are preferably spaced regularly apart from one another. It would also be conceivable to use a single long mounting grid along substantially the entire length of the first column section instead of spaced mounting grids at different heights of the column. However, the use of spaced mounting grids allows for simpler connection of columns, as users on the construction site can more easily orient themselves using the spaced mounting grids.
[0019] A good compromise between the load-bearing capacity of the connection and flexibility in height adjustment is achieved when the retaining projections, viewed in cross-section, have maximum elevation points, and the distance between the maximum elevation points of two immediately adjacent retaining projections of the retaining grid is less than 15 mm, preferably less than 12 mm or less than 10 mm. The maximum elevation points represent the greatest distance of the respective retaining projection from the central longitudinal axis of the support. Preferably, the distance between the maximum elevation points of two immediately adjacent retaining projections is at least 5 mm, particularly at least 8 mm. The cross-section of the retaining projections lies within a longitudinal section of the at least one retaining grid.
[0020] In one embodiment of the invention, the retaining projections can be arranged to protrude radially outwards relative to an outer surface of the first support part that surrounds at least one retaining grid. The retaining projections are thus raised above the surrounding outer surface around the retaining grid and project from the first support part. The surrounding outer surface borders the retaining grid. This facilitates the connection of the connecting part.
[0021] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the retaining projections may be arranged to be at least partially, and in particular completely, recessed relative to an outer surface of the first support element surrounding the at least one retaining grid, as viewed radially from the support element. Preferably, in this embodiment, the retaining projections do not protrude from the first support element, or at least not beyond the surrounding outer surface adjacent to the at least one retaining grid. Accordingly, the retaining projections are completely recessed relative to the surrounding outer surface and do not protrude from it. This embodiment of the invention also includes the fact that the maximum elevation points of the retaining projections are arranged on the same plane as the surrounding outer surface and thus do not protrude.The support elevations can also be set so far back that the maximum elevation points of the support elevations are offset in the direction of the central longitudinal axis of the support to the plane with the surrounding outer surface.
[0022] The first support element can have a polygonal cross-sectional shape comprising several straight sub-surfaces. These sub-surfaces abut each other at their longitudinal edges, thereby forming the polygonal shape. The at least one support grid can be arranged on one of these sub-surfaces. A sub-surface can also have several support grids arranged one above the other. The sub-surface can form an outer surface surrounding the at least one support grid. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one support grid can extend over substantially the entire width and / or the entire length of a sub-surface. It is also possible, however, for the first support element to have a substantially circular or oval cross-sectional shape. The at least one support grid can be molded into this circular or oval cross-sectional shape.Preferably, at least one flat section with a circular or oval cross-sectional shape is formed in the first support section, which has at least one mounting grid. Of course, several such flat sections, each with one or more mounting grids, can also be provided.
[0023] It is advantageous if the at least one retaining grid alternates retaining projections and retaining recesses, preferably with the retaining recesses directly adjoining the retaining projections. The retaining recesses space the retaining projections apart from one another. The retaining recesses are recessed relative to the retaining projections, but not necessarily also relative to the outer surface surrounding the at least one retaining grid. In one embodiment of the invention, the retaining recesses are also recessed relative to the outer surface surrounding the at least one retaining grid, i.e., offset relative to the surrounding outer surface in the direction of the central longitudinal axis of the support. However, it is also possible that the retaining recesses are offset relative to the outer surface surrounding the at least one retaining grid, i.e., offset relative to the surrounding outer surface in a direction away from the central longitudinal axis of the support.Preferably, the at least one mounting grid has a center plane, and the mounting projections, viewed in a longitudinal section of the at least one mounting grid, have maximum projection points, and the mounting depressions, viewed in the longitudinal section, have maximum depression points, wherein the maximum projection points are raised between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 1 mm and 3 mm, relative to the center plane, and the maximum depression points are recessed between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 1 mm and 3 mm, relative to the center plane. The center plane lies centrally between the maximum projection points and maximum depression points in the longitudinal section of the mounting grid. The perpendicular distance of the maximum projection points and the maximum depression points to the center plane is therefore equal. The center plane can, for example, coincide with the outer surface surrounding the at least one mounting grid.In this case, the retaining recesses are recessed or set back relative to the outer surface surrounding at least one retaining grid. However, the central plane can also be offset from the outer surface surrounding at least one retaining grid, so that the entire retaining grid, for example, can be projected or recessed relative to the surrounding outer surface. The central plane can, for example, be shifted parallel to the surrounding outer surface, particularly a portion of the polygonal cross-sectional shape of the first support element, to such an extent that the retaining projections, as described above, do not protrude from the surrounding outer surface, or the retaining recesses are radially spaced from the surrounding outer surface.
[0024] In one embodiment of the invention, the retaining projections have a radius of curvature of less than 5 mm, preferably less than 4 mm or less than 3 mm, when viewed in cross-section. The radius of curvature is preferably an outer radius. The retaining projections need not be entirely curved. In cross-section, they can also have a straight, i.e., unbent, section, which may be rounded laterally by means of the radius of curvature. This results in a fine grid of at least one retaining grid and thus the possibility of precise height adjustment of the connection between the connecting part and the support.
[0025] The invention also relates to a connecting part for connection to a support, in particular a support of the type described above. The connecting part has a connecting element that has a contact area which can be connected to the support. According to the invention, the contact area has at least one engagement element, in particular at least one further retaining grid with a plurality of further retaining projections, for at least partial engagement with a retaining grid of the support, so that the connecting part is secured against slipping in a longitudinal direction of the support when connected to the support. The engagement element can, for example, be a projection, an edge, or a pin. If a further retaining grid is provided as the engagement element, it can be designed essentially the same as the at least one retaining grid of the support, with the possible exception of the length of the at least one retaining grid, i.e.,The number of retaining projections is a key factor. Since at least one engagement element is preferably designed as a further retaining grid, the connecting part will be described primarily in this way. However, it should be emphasized that the at least one engagement element does not necessarily have to be a further retaining grid. For example, the engagement element can also be formed by one or more edges or projections of a base body of the connecting part. The distance between the retaining projections of the at least one further retaining grid preferably corresponds to the distance between the retaining projections of the at least one retaining grid of the support. It is advantageous if the number of retaining projections and the length of the at least one further retaining grid are less than the number of retaining projections and the length of the at least one retaining grid of the support. This makes it easier to adjust the height position of the connecting part on the support.The additional retaining projections of at least one further retaining grid can engage between and rest upon the retaining projections of the support's retaining grid. The connecting element can form the at least one further retaining grid. The connecting element preferably has several further retaining grids. To secure the connecting element to the support in the connected state, the connecting element can have a locking mechanism, such as a locking wedge and a locking opening. The connecting element can also have several connecting elements. Preferably, the connecting element has two connecting elements at opposite ends, which are connected to each other via a rod element. This makes it possible to connect two supports to the connecting element.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting part may have a movable element, in particular a pivoting element, which is movable, in particular pivotable, between an open position in which the connecting part can be connected to the support and a fixed position in which the connecting part cannot be detached from the support. The movable element may be movable relative to a base body of the connecting part, for example, pivotable about a pivot axis. The movable element can be secured in the fixed position by the locking mechanism described above. In a locked position of the locking mechanism, movement of the movable part is prevented, so that the connecting part cannot be detached from the support in the connected state and the positive fit is maintained.In one variant of the invention, both the base body and the movable element can each have at least one engagement element, in particular at least one further retaining grid.
[0027] The invention also includes a combination of a support and a connecting element of the type described above. This combination can be used to construct a formwork support structure for slab formwork. The connecting element can be connected to the support. If the support has multiple mounting grids, several connecting elements can be connected to the support simultaneously and / or in different positions. It is advantageous if the mounting grids are offset from each other by an angle, for example 90°, when viewed circumferentially. This allows several connecting elements to be connected to the support, each oriented in a different direction. The connecting elements can be connected to the support simultaneously.
[0028] The invention also relates to a formwork support structure for a formwork system, which comprises at least the following:
[0029] a first support of the type described above;
[0030] A second support of the type described above; and at least one connecting element of the type described above, wherein the first support is connected to the second support by means of the at least one connecting element. The at least one connecting element comprises a first connecting element and a second connecting element. The connecting element is secured against slippage in the longitudinal direction of the first and second supports by a positive fit between the at least one retaining grid of the first support and the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid, of the first connecting element, and by a positive fit between the at least one retaining grid of the second support and the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid, of the second connecting element. The first and second supports are preferably identical.The first and second connecting parts can be connected to each other via a rod element and are preferably identical in design.
[0031] The invention also includes a method for constructing a formwork support structure for a slab, preferably a slab formwork, comprising the following steps:
[0032] Arranging a first and a second support, each designed according to the above instructions;
[0033] Connecting the first support to the second support using a connecting element as described above, wherein the connecting element comprises a first and a second connecting part, in that the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid, of the first connecting part engages with the at least one retaining grid of the first support, and the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid, of the second connecting part engages with the at least one retaining grid of the second support, thus creating a positive fit, which secures the connecting element against slippage in the longitudinal direction of the first and second supports. The positive fit thus created prevents slippage of the connecting element on the first and second supports. In any case, a positive fit is provided that acts parallel to the longitudinal direction of the supports, preferably upwards and downwards.It is possible that, in addition to the positive locking, a frictional locking mechanism exists between the retaining grids and the engagement elements, particularly the other retaining grids, due to friction. This frictional locking mechanism can result, for example, from tension on the connecting parts against the supports. The two supports can be identical or different in design. The two supports are preferably arranged vertically. The connecting part can engage with at least one retaining grid of the first support and then, or simultaneously, engage with at least one retaining grid of the second support. For this purpose, the movable element of the connecting parts can, for example, first be moved into the open position. After engaging the retaining grids with the engagement elements, particularly the other retaining grids, the movable part can be moved into the fixed position.Any existing locking mechanisms on the connecting parts can also be moved into the locking position to secure the connecting part against unintentional loosening.
[0034] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to figures, to which it is not, however, limited. These show:
[0035] Fig. 1 shows a support in an oblique view;
[0036] Fig. 2 shows the support in an enlarged oblique view;
[0037] Fig. 3 Holder grid on a first support part in a side view according to a first embodiment;
[0038] Fig. 4 Holder grid on a first support part in an oblique view according to the first embodiment;
[0039] Fig. 5 Holder grid on a first support part in a top view according to the first embodiment;
[0040] Fig. 6 Longitudinal section of the support grid on a first support part according to the first embodiment; Fig. 6A a section of the longitudinal section;
[0041] Fig. 7 Holder grid on a first support part in an oblique view according to a second embodiment;
[0042] Fig. 8 Holder grid on a first support part in an oblique view according to a third embodiment;
[0043] Fig. 9 Holder grid on a first support part in a top view according to the third embodiment;
[0044] Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal section of the holder grid according to the third embodiment;
[0045] Fig. 10A shows a section of the longitudinal section;
[0046] Fig. 11 shows a holder grid in an oblique view according to a fourth embodiment;
[0047] Figs. 12 and 13 show a ceiling formwork support structure.
[0048] Fig. 14 shows a combination of a support and a connecting part in a side view;
[0049] Fig. 15 shows the combination of a support and a connecting part in top view;
[0050] Fig. 16 Combination of a support and a connecting part in an oblique view;
[0051] Fig. 17 shows a connecting part; and
[0052] Fig. 18 shows a positive fit between one holder grid and another holder grid.
[0053] Fig. 1 shows a support 1, in particular a formwork support 2, with a first support section 3 and a second support section 4 telescopically mounted within the first support section. In the embodiment shown, the first support section 3 is an outer support section 5 and the second support section 4 is an inner support section 6. The first support section 3 can, for example, have a length between 50 cm and 500 cm. The first support section 3 has a base plate 8 at a lower end 7, which may have mounting holes 9. The second support section 4 has a top plate 11 at an upper end 10, which may also have mounting holes 11. Alternatively, the first support section 3 can have the top plate 11 and the second support section 4 the base plate 8.To lock the second support section 4 at a specific extension height, the second support section 4 has several pairs of openings 13 spaced parallel to a central longitudinal axis 12 of the support 1, each pair having two openings 14 located on opposite sides of the second support section 4. Furthermore, the support 1 has a retaining bolt 15 which rests on a retaining nut 16 with an internal thread (not shown). The retaining nut 16 is rotatably fastened in a threaded section 17 of the first support section 3 with an external thread (not shown). The threaded section 17 is arranged in an upper region 18 of the first support section 3 and is preferably formed integrally with the connecting section 25, which will be described in more detail below.In the threaded section 17, the first support part 3 has a pair of elongated holes 19, which have two opposing, vertically arranged elongated holes 20, of which only one is visible in the illustration. The retaining bolt 15 penetrates both the elongated holes 20 and the openings 14 of an opening pair 13. By inserting the retaining bolt 15 into one of the opening pairs 13, a rough extension height of the support 1 can initially be set. By turning the retaining nut 16 in the threaded section 17, a fine adjustment of the extension height can then be made, as this moves the retaining bolt 15 within the elongated holes 20. The retaining nut 16 can be easily adjusted using a pivotable operating element 21. In a downward-pivoting position (see Fig. 1), the operating element 21 occupies very little space.
[0054] Figures 1 and 2 show that the first support section 3 has a polygonal cross-section (see also Figure 5) with several partial surfaces 22 that connect to each other at their respective longitudinal edges 23. On the outer surface 24 of the first support section 3, below the threaded section 17, there is a connecting section 25 for connecting the support 1 to a connecting part 26 (see Figure 16). In the illustration shown, the connecting section 25 has several retaining grids 27 spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction U and longitudinal direction L of the support, which are arranged on the partial surfaces 22. It can be seen that only every second partial surface 22 has retaining grids 27. The retaining grids 27 serve to connect the support 1 to a connecting part 26, whereby a positive locking 41 (see Figure 16) is formed.
[0055] 18) is designed so that the connecting part 26 is secured against slippage in a longitudinal direction L of the support 1 when connected to it. For this purpose, the retaining grids 27 each have several retaining projections 28, as can already be seen in Fig. 2 and explained in detail below. The retaining projections 28 are preferably elongated and preferably extend transversely to the central longitudinal axis 12.
[0056] Figures 3 to 6A show a first support section 3 with several retaining grids 27 according to a first embodiment. At least one retaining grid 27 is provided on each partial surface 22 of the first support section 3. The retaining grids 27 each have a plurality of retaining projections 28, which are separated from one another by retaining recesses 29. The retaining recesses are recessed relative to the retaining projections 28, but not necessarily relative to the partial surfaces 22. Preferably, each retaining grid 27 has at least five retaining projections 28. In Figures 3 to 6A, six retaining projections 28 per retaining grid 27 are shown. The retaining projections 28 of a retaining grid 27 can be essentially identical. In Figures 3 to 6, only a few retaining projections 28 are shown for clarity.Significantly more retaining projections 28 per retaining grid 27, for example more than ten retaining projections 28, can be provided, which also increases the length of the retaining grids 27. The length L2? of the retaining grids is preferably more than 100 mm in each case. The retaining grids 27 are elongated and aligned along the longitudinal direction L of the support. Several retaining grids 27 arranged one above the other can also be arranged on the partial surfaces 22.
[0057] In the first embodiment, the retaining projections 28 of a retaining grid 27 project radially outwards relative to an outer surface 30 surrounding and adjoining the respective retaining grid 27. The outer surface 30 surrounding the retaining grid 27 is preferably a part of the sub-surface 22. "Radial outwards" in this context means away from the central longitudinal axis 12. The retaining projections 28 are thus raised relative to the surrounding outer surface 30 or sub-surface 22. The surrounding outer surface 30 is directly adjacent to the retaining grid 27.
[0058] As can be seen particularly in the longitudinal sections of Figs. 6 and 6A, the retaining projections 28 are rounded and have an outer radius of curvature R28 of less than 4 mm. The outer radius of curvature R28 does not necessarily have to cover the entire surface of the retaining projections 28. In cross-section, the retaining projections 28 can also have a straight, i.e., unbent, section, which may be rounded laterally by means of the radius of curvature R28. Retaining recesses 29 are arranged between each of the retaining projections 28, which have an inner radius of curvature of less than 2 mm. The retaining recesses 29 are recessed relative to the retaining projections 28, but not relative to the outer surface 30 surrounding the retaining grid 27.
[0059] The height of the retaining projections 28 H28 is measured radially to the central longitudinal axis and is, for example, essentially 2 mm. The retaining projections 28 are elongated. The length L28 of the retaining projections 28, and thus the width B2? of the retaining grid 27, is, for example, at least 10 mm. The length L28 of the retaining projections 28 is measured from the outermost edges of the retaining projections 28, which may also be laterally flattened or rounded, as shown.
[0060] An imaginary center plane 32 can be placed within the mounting grid 27. The mounting projections 28, viewed in the longitudinal section of the mounting grid 27 and in the cross-section of the mounting projections 28, each have a maximum projection point 33, at which they are furthest from the central longitudinal axis 12. Conversely, the mounting recesses 29, viewed in the longitudinal section of the mounting grid 27 and in the cross-section of the mounting recesses 29, have maximum recess points 34, at which they are each closest to the central longitudinal axis 12. The center plane 32 is placed centrally within the mounting grid 27, so that the distance of the maximum projection points 33 and maximum recess points 34 of all mounting projections 28 and mounting recesses 29, respectively, to the center plane 32 is essentially the same.It is advantageous if the maximum raised points 33 are raised between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, particularly between 1 mm and 3 mm, relative to the center plane 32, and the maximum recessed points 34 are recessed between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, particularly between 1 mm and 3 mm, relative to the center plane 32. The distance 55 between the maximum raised points 33 of two immediately adjacent retaining ridges of the retaining grid is preferably less than 15 mm.
[0061] Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment of the invention, which essentially corresponds to the first embodiment, with the sole difference that not every partial surface 22 has a retaining grid, but, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, only every second partial surface 22 has one when viewed in the circumferential direction U of the support 1. This arrangement can also be applied to other embodiments of the invention with differently designed retaining grids 27.
[0062] Figures 8 to 10A show a third embodiment of the first support part 3. Since the functioning of the embodiment shown is essentially the same as in the embodiments described above, only the differences to the other embodiments will be discussed below. The above descriptions of the other embodiments are, unless otherwise stated, applicable to this embodiment.
[0063] Figure 8 shows that each sub-surface 22 has a retaining grid 27. However, it is also possible that, for example, only every nth sub-surface 22 has a retaining grid 27, where n is a natural number greater than 1. This also applies to all other embodiments. Each nth sub-surface can also have several retaining grids 27 arranged one above the other.
[0064] Fig. 9 shows a top view of the first support section. It can be seen that the retaining projections 28 are arranged completely recessed in the radial direction of the support relative to the outer surface 30 of the first support section 3, which surrounds and adjoins at least one retaining grid 27, and thus do not project beyond the outer surface 30 or partial surface 22. The retaining recesses 29 project into the interior of the first support section 3. The retaining grids 27 therefore do not protrude from the surrounding outer surface 30, which forms part of the partial surface 22.
[0065] As can be seen in Figs. 10 and 10A, the median plane 32 is offset radially inwards in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 12 relative to the surrounding outer surface.
[0066] Fig. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of the first support section 3 with a round cross-section. It can be seen that the first support section 3 has indentations, in particular flat areas 35, on its outer surface, each of which has a retaining grid 27. Several flat areas 35 can be provided along the circumference U or the longitudinal direction L of the support 1. The retaining projections 28 extend over the entire width of the flat areas 35. However, it is also possible for the retaining projections 28 to have a shorter length than the width of the flat areas 35. The above descriptions of the retaining projections 28 and retaining recesses 29 can also be applied to the fourth embodiment.
[0067] In an embodiment of the invention not shown, a first support part 3 with a round cross-section is also provided, but without flat areas 35. The at least one retaining grid 27 can therefore be formed directly into the round cross-sectional shape of the first support part 3.
[0068] Figures 12 and 13 each show an embodiment of a slab formwork support structure 36 for a slab formwork with a first support 1a and a second support 1b, or four supports 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, respectively, which are connected via connection parts 26. In the embodiment shown, the connection parts 26 each have four connecting elements 37 – a first 37a, a second 37b, a third 37c, and a fourth 37d – with which the connection parts 26 can be connected to two supports 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d each. Two connecting elements 37 of a connection part 26 are connected via a rod element 38. The rod elements 38 of a connection part are also connected to each other via strut elements 39. The connection of the connecting parts 37 to the supports 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d is effected via further retaining grids 40, as explained in detail below. As can be seen in Fig. 13, several connecting parts 26 can be connected to one support 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d.A support grid 27 can form a positive connection 41 with several connecting parts 37. Fig. 14 shows a combination 50 of a connecting part 26 with a support 1. A connecting part 37 of the connecting part 26 is in a connected state with a support 1, with several positive connections 41 between the connecting part 37 and the support 1 acting in the longitudinal direction L of the support 1. Fig. 15 shows the connecting part and the support 1 in a top view and Fig. 16 in an oblique view.
[0069] Fig. 17 shows the connecting part 26 without support 1. The connecting part 26 has a base body 42 with a U-shaped bent plate element and a movable element 43, in particular a pivot element 44. The base body 42 can be connected to a rod element 38 via mounting holes 51. The pivot element 44 can be moved between an open position (not shown) and the fixed position shown. In the fixed position, the pivot element 44 and the base body 42 form a receiving area 45, which can at least partially encompass the support 1 or through which the support can be guided in the connected state. The pivot element 44 and the base body 42 each have at least one further retaining grid 40, and in the embodiment shown, two further retaining grids 40 each. A further retaining grid 40 is a specific form of an engagement element.In general, instead of an additional retaining grid 40, another type of engagement element, such as one or more edges or projections, can also be used. In the fixed position, the additional retaining grids are radially oriented inwards and correspond to retaining grids 27 on the support 1. The additional retaining grids 40 are preferably attached to jaw elements 31. The additional retaining projections 46 of the additional retaining grids 40 are, in the embodiment shown, wider than the retaining projections 28 of the retaining grids 27, which facilitates the connection. The distance between the maximum projection points 33 of adjacent additional retaining projections 46 preferably corresponds to the distance between the maximum projection points 33 of adjacent retaining projections 28. The cross-sectional shape of the retaining projections 28 also preferably corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the additional retaining projections 46.This facilitates the interlocking of the retaining projections 28 and the further retaining projections 46. However, it is also possible that the aforementioned distance and the cross-sectional shape of the retaining projections 28 and 46 differ from one another.
[0070] The connecting part 37 also has a locking mechanism 47 with a locking element 48. The locking element 48 can be inserted into a locking opening 49 in the base body 42 and, in particular, positively lock the movable element 43 so that it can no longer be moved. This secures the movable element 43 in the fixed position to prevent unintentional detachment from the support 1. The locking element 48 can, for example, be a locking wedge or, as shown, a flat piece 52.
[0071] Fig. 18 schematically shows a positive fit 41 between a retaining grid 27 and another retaining grid 40. The further retaining projections 46 rest on the retaining projections 28, thus creating a positive fit 41 parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the support 1 downwards. This prevents the connecting part 26 from slipping downwards. At the same time, a positive fit also exists parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the support 1 upwards. This prevents the connecting part 26 from slipping upwards and thus prevents the connecting part 37 from being lifted out.
Claims
22 Claims:
1. Support ( 1 ), in particular formwork support (2 ) for a slab formwork support structure (36) , comprising: a first support element (3) ; a second support part (4 ) , wherein the first (3) and the second support part (4 ) are arranged to be movable relative to each other, in particular telescopically ; and at least one connecting section (25) on an outside (24) of the first support part (3) for connection with a connecting part (26) , characterized in that the connecting section (25) has at least one retaining grid (27) formed into the outside (24) of the first support part (3) with a plurality of retaining projections (28) for connection with the connecting part (26) and the retaining grid (27) is designed for a positive engagement with the connecting part (26) so that the connecting part (26) is secured against slipping in a longitudinal direction (L) of the support (1) in a state connected to the support (1).
2. Support ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining projections (28 ) of the at least one retaining grid (27 ) are arranged one above the other when viewed in the longitudinal direction (L) of the support ( 1 ).
3. Support ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that several retaining grids (27 ) are arranged on the first support part (3) along the longitudinal direction (L) of the support ( 1 ) and / or along a circumferential direction (U) of the support ( 1 ).
4. Support (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the retaining projections (28) have maximum projection points (33) when viewed in cross-section and the distance between the maximum projection points (33) of two immediately adjacent retaining projections (28) of the retaining grid is less than 15 mm, preferably less than 12 mm or less than 10 mm.
5. Support (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the retaining projections (28) project radially outwards relative to an outer surface (30) of the first support part (3) surrounding the at least one retaining grid (27).
6. Support ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the retaining projections (28 ) are arranged at least partially, in particular completely, recessed relative to an outer surface (30) of the first support part (3) surrounding the at least one retaining grid (28 ) in the radial direction of the support ( 1 ).
7. Support ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first support part (3) has a polygonal cross-sectional shape which has several straight partial surfaces (22 ) and that the at least one support grid (27 ) is arranged on a partial surface (22 ).
8. Support ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the at least one support grid (27 ) holding projections (28 ) and holding recesses (29) are provided alternately, preferably wherein the holding recesses (29) connect directly to the holding projections (28 ).
9. Support (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one support grid (27) has a central plane (32) and the support projections (28) have maximum projection points (33) when viewed in a longitudinal section of the at least one support grid (27) and the support recesses (29) have maximum recess points (34) when viewed in the longitudinal section, wherein the maximum projection points (33) are raised relative to the central plane (32) by between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 1 mm and 3 mm and the maximum recess points (34) are recessed relative to the central plane (32) by between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 1 mm and 3 mm.
10. Support ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the retaining projections (28 ) in the cross-section of the retaining projections (28 ) have a radius of curvature (R2s) of less than 5 mm, preferably less than 4 mm or less than 3 mm.
11. Connecting part (26) for connection with a support, in particular a support according to one of claims 1 to 10, with a connecting part (37) which has a contact area which can be connected to the support (1), characterized in that the contact area has at least one engagement element, in particular at least one further retaining grid (40) with a plurality of further retaining projections (46) for at least partial engagement in a retaining grid (27) of the support (1), so that the connecting part (26) is secured against slipping in a longitudinal direction (L) of the support (1) in a state connected to the support (1).
12. Connecting part (26) according to claim 11, characterized in that the connecting part (37) has a movable element (43), in particular a pivoting element (44), which is movable, in particular pivotable, between an open position in which the connecting part (26) can be connected to the support (1) and a fixed position in which the connecting part (26) cannot be detached from the support (1).
13. Combination (50) of a support (1) with a connecting part (36) , characterized in that the support (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 10 and the connecting part (26) according to one of claims 11 or 12 .
14. Slab formwork support structure (36) for a slab formwork, comprising at least: a first support (aa) ; a second support ( 1b) and at least one connecting part (26) , wherein the first support (1a) is connected to the second support (1b) by means of the at least one connecting part (26), characterized in that the first (1a) and the second support (1b) are each configured according to one of claims 1 to 10 and the connecting part (26) is configured according to one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the at least one connecting part (26) has a first connecting part (37a) and a second connecting part (37b) and the connecting part (26) is connected by a 25 The first support (1a) is secured against slippage in the longitudinal direction (L) of the first (1a) and the second support (1b) by a positive locking (41) between the at least one retaining grid (27) and the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid (40) of the first connecting part (37a) and by a positive locking (41) between the at least one retaining grid (27) of the second support (1b) and the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid (40) of the second connecting part (37b).
15. Method for constructing a slab formwork support structure (36), preferably a slab formwork, comprising the following steps: Arranging a first (1a) and a second support (1b), each configured according to one of claims 1 to 10; Connecting the first support (1a) to the second support (1b) by means of a connecting part (26) according to one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the connecting part (26) has a first (37a) and a second connecting part (37b), in that the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid (40), of the first connecting part (37a) is engaged with the at least one retaining grid (27) of the first support (1a) and the at least one engagement element, in particular the at least one further retaining grid (40), of the second connecting part (37b) is engaged with the at least one retaining grid (27) of the second support (1b), so that a positive locking (41) is created, whereby the connecting part (26) is secured against slipping in the longitudinal direction (L) of the first (1a) and the second support (1b).