A method for wireless communication by a reader in ambient internet of things (IOT) environment

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a method and a reader device for performing wireless communication in an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) environment. The method comprises broadcasting a paging message (Msg0) to a plurality of ambient IoT devices (102), wherein the paging message comprises an Access Type (AT) indicating one of a first-type Contention Free Access (CFA) and a second-type Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA). Lastly, the method comprises receiving response message from at least one ambient IoT device of the plurality of ambient IoT devices based on the first- type CFA or the second-type CBRA.

Description

A METHOD FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION BY A READER IN AMBIENT INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) ENVIRONMENT TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention generally relates to the field of wireless communication systems and ambient IOT devices, and more particularly relates to a method and a reader device for wireless communication in an ambient Internet Of Things (IOT) environment.BACKGROUND

[0002] The following description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

[0003] Ambient Internet of Things (loT) networks enable communication between a reader device (also referred as reader), acting as a base station, and a large number of low-power or battery-less loT devices deployed in close proximity. Such devices typically rely on lightweight physical layer signalling, backscatter communication, and contention-based random access procedures to transmit small amounts of data, such as device identifiers, device type, or sensor information. Due to stringent power, complexity, and cost constraints, Ambient loT devices (A-IoT device also referred as device) are designed to operate with minimal processing capability and limited prior knowledge of the network configuration.

[0004] Existing Ambient loT communication frameworks, such as those described in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) technical reports, define contention-based random access (CBRA) procedures in which communication between the reader and the A-IoT devices may be performed using either a two-step or a four-step message exchange. In such procedures, downlink and uplink physical layer message signals are exchanged between the reader and the device to perform device discovery, identification, scheduling, and data transfer. However, the choice between a two-step CBRA procedure and a four-step CBRA procedure may vary dynamically based on network conditions, device density, collision probability, and resource availability.

[0005] Method 1 : 2-step CFA - for “inventory” applicationStep A: MsgO (R2D): Device receives an inventory command from the reader.Step B: Msgl (D2R): Device transmits UL data (such as device identifier, device type, etc.) to the reader.

[0006] Method 2: 4-step CBRA - for “inventory and command” applicationStep 0: MsgO (R2D): Device receives an inventory command from the reader.Step 1: Msgl (D2R): Device transmits a device random ID to the reader.Step 2: Msg2 (R2D): Device receives an acknowledgment of the device random ID from the reader and scheduling information required to transmit Msg3.Step 3: Msg3 (D2R): Device transmits UL data (such as device identifier, device type, etc.) to the reader.Step 4 (optional): Msg4 (R2D): Device receives an ACK / NAK signal for Msg3 from the reader.

[0007] Those skilled in will understand that “Device” and “D” refers to an “A-IoT device”, whereas “reader” and “R” refers to a “reader device”. In existing approaches, the Ambient loT device may not have prior knowledge of which CBRA procedure is being used by the reader, the structure or duration of the physical layer messages, or the timing and frequency resources allocated for communication. Further, a device may be unaware of whether additional signalling steps, such as scheduling information or acknowledgment messages, will be transmitted by the reader following an initial message exchange. As a result, devices may unnecessarily remain active, miss scheduled transmissions, or incorrectly interpret received signals, leading to increased latency, inefficient energy usage, and higher collision rates. Additionally, existing physical layer message designs do not sufficiently convey essential information required by the device to adapt its behavior dynamically during an inventory or data collection cycle.

[0008] Consequently, there exists a need for an efficient and flexible mechanism of the ambient loT communication systems at the physical layer to convey control, timing, and process-related information between the reader and the device in a contention-based random access environment.SUMMARY

[0009] The present disclosure overcomes one or more shortcomings of the prior art and provides additional advantages. Embodiments and aspects of the disclosure described in detail herein are considered a part of the claimed disclosure.

[0010] In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for performing wireless communication by a reader device in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, is disclosed. The method comprises broadcasting a paging message (MsgO) to a plurality of ambient loT devices. The paging message comprises an Access Type (AT) indicating one of a first-type Contention Free Access (CFA) and a second-type Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA). Lastly, the method comprises receiving response message from at least one ambient loT device of the plurality of ambient loT devices based on the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA.

[0011] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first-type CBRA is used, the method comprises receiving the response message as a first message (Msg 1) from the at least one ambient loT device, wherein the first message (Msgl) comprises upper layer data.

[0012] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, when the second-type CBRA (4-Step) is used, the method for receiving the response message comprises receiving a first message from the at least one ambient loT device. The first message (Msgl) comprises at least one a random identifier (random ID) a device energy status, a third message (Msg3) size, and a transmission bandwidth, associated with the at least one ambient loT device. Further, the method comprises transmitting a second message (Msg2) to the at least one ambient loT device based on the at least one random ID. The second message (Msg2) comprises resource information. Furthermore, the method comprises receiving a third message (Msg3) from the at least one ambient loT device based on the resource information. The third message (Msg3) comprises the upper layer data.

[0013] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the method comprises transmitting a fourth message (Msg4) to the at least one ambient loT device. The fourth message comprises at least one of an acknowledgment message (ACK) when the third message (Msg3) is received or a non-acknowledgement message (NACK) when the third message (Msg3) is failed to be received.

[0014] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the paging message (MsgO) further comprises at least one of: a message type, a reader identity, a transaction identity, a communication slot duration (T), MsgO related information, Msgl related information, and Msg2 related information (TO). The first message Msgl related information comprises at least one of a number of time domain resource of access occasions triggered by A-IoT Paging message (MsgO) or a one Access Trigger message (X), and a number of access occasions.

[0015] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the second message (Msg2) comprises an acknowledgment of the random identifier and resource allocation including at least one of: Msg3 timing (T3), Msg3 scheduling information, and Msg4 timing information.

[0016] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the method comprises switching from the first-type CFA to the second-type CBRA based on a count of first messages (Msgl) received within a defined window, as indicated in the paging message (MsgO).

[0017] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the AT indicates one of the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA based on one bit information carried by the paging message (MsgO).

[0018] In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, a reader device for performing wireless communication in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, is disclosed. The reader device comprises a memory, at least one processor coupled with the memory. The at least one processor is configured to broadcast a paging message (MsgO) to a plurality of ambient loT devices. The paging message comprises an Access Type (AT) indicating one of a first-type Contention Free Access (CFA) and a second-type Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA). Further, the at least one processor is configured to receive response message from at least one ambient loT device of the plurality of ambient loT devices based on the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA.

[0019] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first-type CFA (2-Step) is used, the at least one processor is configured to receive the response message as a first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device, wherein the first message (Msgl) comprises upper layer data.

[0020] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the second-type CBRA (4-Step) is used, to receive the response message, the at least one processor is configured to receive a first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device, wherein the first message (Msgl) comprises at least one a random identifier (random ID) a device energy status, a third message (Msg3) size, and a transmission bandwidth, associated with the at least one ambient loT device. Further, the at least one processor is configured to transmit a second message (Msg2) to the at least one ambient loT device based on the at least one random ID, wherein the second message (Msg2) comprises resource information. Furthermore, the at least one processor is configured to receive a third message (Msg3) from the at least one ambient loT device based on the resource information, wherein the third message (Msg3) comprises upper layer data.

[0021] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one processor is configured to transmit a fourth message (Msg4) to the at least one ambient loT device. The fourth message (Msg4) comprises at least one of an acknowledgment message (ACK) when the third message (Msg3) is received or a non-acknowledgement message (NACK) when the third message (Msg3) is failed to be received.

[0022] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the paging message (MsgO) further comprises at least one of: a message type, a reader identity, a transaction identity, a communication slot duration (T), MsgO related information, Msgl related information, and Msg2 related information (TO). The Msgl related information comprises at least one of a number of time domain resource of access occasions triggered by A-IoT Paging message (MsgO) or a one Access Trigger message (X) and a number of access occasions.

[0023] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second message (Msg2) comprises an acknowledgment of the random identifier and resource allocation including at least one of: Msg3 timing (T3), Msg3 scheduling information, and Msg4 timing information.

[0024] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one processor is configured to switch from the first-type CBRA to the second-type CBRA based on a count of first messages (Msgl) received within a defined window, as indicated in the paging message (MsgO).

[0025] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the AT indicates one of the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA based on one bit information carried by the paging message (MsgO).

[0026] The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The features, nature, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below when taken in conjunction with the drawings in which like reference characters identify correspondingly throughout. Some embodiments of system and / or methods in accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter are now described, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying Figs., in which:

[0028] FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary environment for performing wireless communication by a reader in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 2 depicts an exemplary block diagram illustrating a reader device for performing wireless communication by a reader device in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary block diagram illustrating an ambient Internet device for performing wireless communication in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 4 illustrates a detailed flow diagram for performing wireless communication by a reader device in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 5 illustrates a structure of an inventory cycle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Fig. 6 represents a flowchart of an exemplary method for performing wireless communication by a reader device in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any block diagrams herein represent conceptual views of illustrative systems embodying the principles of the present subject matter. Similarly, it will be appreciated that any flow charts, flow diagrams, state transition diagrams, pseudo code, and the like represent various processes which may be substantially represented in a computer readable medium and executed by a computer or processor, whether or not such computer or processor is explicitly shown.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The foregoing has broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of the present disclosure in order that the detailed description of the disclosure that follows may be better understood. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure.

[0036] The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the disclosure, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description only and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the present disclosure.

[0037] As described earlier, the ambient loT device may not have prior knowledge of which access type procedure is being used by the reader, the structure or duration of the physical layer messages, or the timing and frequency resources allocated for communication. Further, the ambient loT device may be unaware of whether additional signalling steps, such as scheduling information or acknowledgment messages, will be transmitted by the reader device following an initial message exchange. As a result, the ambient loT devices may unnecessarily remain active, miss scheduled transmissions, or incorrectly interpret received signals, leading toincreased latency, inefficient energy usage, and higher collision rates. Additionally, existing physical layer message designs do not sufficiently convey essential information required by the device to adapt its behavior dynamically during an inventory or data collection cycle. Consequently, there exists a need for an efficient and flexible mechanism of the ambient loT communication systems at the physical layer to convey control, timing, and process-related information between the reader device and the device in a contention-based random access environment.

[0038] The present disclosure provides a method and a system for performing wireless communication by a reader device in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment. Initial access between an Ambient loT base station (BS) (hereinafter referred as reader or reader device) and an Ambient loT device starts with a downlink broadcast signal ‘msgO’. Similar to 5G random access channel (RACH) procedure, the reader device sends the initial information for downlink synchronization, timing acquisition, and other related information to the device through ‘msgO’. The present disclosure primarily investigates the required information that the reader device may convey to the device through ‘msgO’ and ‘msg2’. The present disclosure also investigates the required information that the Ambient loT device may convey to the reader device through ‘msgl’ for scheduling the devices.

[0039] The present disclosure provides improved design of physical layer message signals that enable the reader device to convey necessary process, timing, and scheduling information to the ambient loT devices, and that allow devices to provide feedback and relevant parameters to the reader, while maintaining low complexity and energy efficiency. Thus, the present disclosure supports dynamic switching between different access type procedures, reduce communication latency, improve reliability, and enhance overall system performance in Ambient loT environments.

[0040] FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary environment for performing wireless communication by a reader device in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The exemplary environment 100 particularly depicts a reader device 101 and plurality of ambient loT devices 102a, 102b, 102c .102n (collectively referred as plurality of ambient loT devices 102) in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment. In an embodiment, the reader device 101 may a base station. The reader may also be referred as reader device 101 interchangeably. Each device among the plurality ofdevices 104a, 104b, 104c, ..., 104n may be an ambient loT device (referred as ambient loT devices 102 or A-IoT devices 102).

[0041] In an exemplary scenario of Ambient loT communication frameworks, such as those described in 3 GPP technical reports, define Contention Free Access (CFA) and contention-based random access (CBRA) procedures in which communication between the reader and the ambient loT device devices may be performed using either a two-step or a four-step message exchange. In such procedures, downlink and uplink physical layer message signals are exchanged between the reader and the device to perform device discovery, identification, scheduling, and data transfer.

[0042] For exchanging data and signal between though physical layer, the reader 101 may broadcasting a paging message (MsgO) to a plurality of ambient loT devices 102. The paging message may comprise an Access Type (AT) indicating one of a first-type Contention Free Access (CFA) and a second-type Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA). Further, the reader 101 may receiving response message from the at least one ambient loT device 102 of the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 based on the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA.

[0043] In context of the present disclosure, the first-type CFA may refer to the first-type Contention Based Random Access (CBRA) as per the TS 38.391 release 19. In context of the present disclosure, the access type (AT) may refer to information that conveys or indicates about 2-step CFA or 4-step CBRA process to be used for communication with the ambient loT devices 102 as per the TS 38.391 release 19. According to an aspect, the access type is one bit information indicating the type of access.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the reader device 101 may communicate with the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 through Contention Free Access (CFA) or Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA) process. In an embodiment, the reader device 101 may communicate with the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 either through a 2-step CFA process or a 4-step CBRA process. The reader device 101 may obtain data associated the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 either through the 2-step CFA process or the 4-step CBRA process. In an embodiment, the process of obtaining data from the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 through the CFA or the CBRA process may be known as inventory command procedure. The reader device 101 may send information about a plurality of time resources and a plurality of frequency resources to the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 for datatransmission. Each ambient loT device 102 among the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 may select a time resource among the plurality of time resources and a frequency resource among the plurality of frequency resources to transmit the data associated with the device to the reader 101. Each ambient loT device 102 among the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 may send the data such as device identifier and device type, but not limited thereto, to the reader 101 using the selected time resource and frequency resource. In an embodiment, the reader 101 may provide an acknowledgement to each device among the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 upon receiving the data associated with the device . Thus, the present disclosure supports dynamic switching between different CBRA procedures, reduce communication latency, improve reliability, and enhance overall system performance in the ambient loT environments. A detailed explanation of the reader 101 is provided in the forthcoming paragraphs in conjunction with FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.

[0045] FIG. 2 depicts an exemplary block diagram illustrating a reader device 101 (which is reader device 101 of Fig. 1) for performing wireless communication in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. In some implementations, the reader device 101 may further comprise an I / O interface 201, a processor 202, a memory 203 and modules 204.

[0046] In one implementation, the I / O interface 201 may include suitable logic, circuitry, and interfaces that may be configured to display output to a user. In another implementation, the I / O interface 201 may be used for communicating between the reader 101 and the ambient IOT device 102. The I / O interface 201 may act as a communication interface for exchanging information.

[0047] In one implementation, the processor 202 may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, state machines, logic circuitries, and / or any devices that manipulate signals based on operational instructions. Among other capabilities, the processor 202 may be configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions and other information stored in the memory 203. In an exemplary embodiment, the processor 202 may be used for execution instruction of a classical computer. In another exemplary embodiment, the processor 202 may be a general processor used for executing the instructions.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, the memory 203 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media, such as RAM, ROM, EEPROM, EPROM, one or more memory devices, flash memory devices, etc., and combinations thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, an input data may be stored within the memory 203 in the form of various data structures. The memory 203 may also store other data such as temporary data and temporary files, generated by the processor 202 or other any other parts of the reader 101 including the modules 204 for performing the various functions of the present invention.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, the modules 204 may be a pretrained for performing particular task. A person of ordinary skill will appreciate that the modules 204 may use the input data to mimic human cognitive functions like learning, problem-solving, and reasoning. In an exemplary embodiment, the modules 204 may reside inside the processor 202. In another exemplary embodiment, the modules 204 may reside outside the processor 202. In an exemplary embodiment, the modules 204 may comprise a receiver module 205 and a transmitter module 206. The receiver module 205 may be used for receiving message signals from the ambient IOT device 102 and the transmitter module 206 may be used for transmitting message signals from the reader 101 to the ambient IOT device 102.

[0050] FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary block diagram illustrating an ambient IOT device 102 (which is ambient IOT device 102 of Fig. 1) for performing wireless communication in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. In some implementations, the ambient IOT device 102 may further comprise an I / O interface 301, a processor 302, a memory 303 and modules 304.

[0051] In one implementation, the I / O interface 301 may include suitable logic, circuitry, and interfaces that may be configured to display output to a user. In another implementation, the I / O interface 301 may be used for communicating between the ambient IOT device 102 and the reader 101. The I / O interface 301 may act as a communication interface for exchanging information.

[0052] In one implementation, the processor 302 may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, state machines, logic circuitries, and / or any devices that manipulate signals based on operational instructions. Among other capabilities, the processor 302 may be configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions and other information stored inthe memory 303. In an exemplary embodiment, the processor 302 may be used for execution instruction of a classical computer. In another exemplary embodiment, the processor 302 may be a general processor used for executing the instructions.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the memory 303 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media, such as RAM, ROM, EEPROM, EPROM, one or more memory devices, flash memory devices, etc., and combinations thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, an input data may be stored within the memory 303 in the form of various data structures. The memory 303 may also store other data such as temporary data and temporary fdes, generated by the processor 302 or other any other parts of the ambient IOT device 102 including the modules 304 for performing the various functions of the present invention.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, the modules 304 may be a pretrained for performing particular task. A person of ordinary skill will appreciate that the modules 304 may use the input data to mimic human cognitive functions like learning, problem-solving, and reasoning. In an exemplary embodiment, the modules 304 may reside inside the processor 302. In another exemplary embodiment, the modules 304 may reside outside the processor 302. In an exemplary embodiment, the modules 304 may comprise a receiver module 305 and a transmitter module 306. The receiver module 305 may be used for receiving message signals from the ambient IOT device 102 and the transmitter module 306 may be used for transmitting message signals from the ambient IOT device 102 to the reader device 101.

[0055] To describe operations / functioning of the reader 101 and the ambient IOT device 102 in detail, FIG. 4 is being referred herein which illustrates a detailed flow diagram for performing wireless communication by a reader in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Although only one A-loT device is shown in Fig. 4, however those skilled in art will understand that the reader will communicate with multiple A-IoT devices.

[0056] Initially, at step 401, the reader 101 may transmit a Carrier Wave (CW) signal to the ambient IOT device 102. The CW signal may be used by the ambient IOT device 102 as a carrier wave signal to transmit data to the reader device 101 through backscatter communication. TCW may be the time required by the CW signal to arrive at the ambient IOT device 102 from the reader 101. In an embodiment, the reader 101 may broadcast the CW signal to the plurality of ambient IOT devices 102.

[0057] Upon transmiting the CW signal, at step 402, the reader 101 may broadcast a paging message (MsgO) to the plurality of ambient loT devices (102). The paging message comprises the Access Type (AT) indicating one of the first-type Contention Free Access (CFA) and the second-type Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA). The AT indicates whether a first-type Contention Free Access (CFA) or a second-type CBRA to be used based on one bit information carried by the paging message (MsgO). In context of the present disclosure, the first-type CFA may be a 2-step CFA. The 2-step CFA is for inventory applications. Whereas the second-type CBRA may be 4-step CBRA. The 4-step CBRA is for inventory and command application. As described above, the ambient IOT device 102 may be referred to as device interchangeably.

[0058] First-type: 2-step CFA - for “inventory” applicationStep A: MsgO (R2D): Device receives an inventory command from the reader.Step B: Msgl (D2R): Device transmits UL data (such as device identifier, device type, etc.) to the reader.

[0059] Second-type: 4-step CBRA - for “inventory and command” applicationStep 0: MsgO (R2D): Device receives an inventory command from the reader.Step 1: Msgl (D2R): Device transmits a device random ID to the reader.Step 2: Msg2 (R2D): Device receives an acknowledgment of the device random ID from the reader and scheduling information required to transmit Msg3.Step 3: Msg3 (D2R): Device transmits UL data (such as device identifier, device type, etc.) to the reader.Step 4 (optional): Msg4 (R2D): Device receives an ACK / NAK signal for Msg3 from the reader.

[0060] The reader 101 may initially initiate the 2-step CFA process to obtain the data associated with the ambient IOT device 102. Further, the paging message (MsgO) comprises a message type, a reader identity, transaction identity, a communication slot duration (T), MsgO related information, Msgl related information, and Msg2 related information (TO).• Message type: The message type may be conveyed explicitly by indicating an identifier (ID) value as part of each message signal that should indicate a type of the message signal. That is, the paging message (MsgO) may contain an ID which indicates that thepaging message (MsgO) is the initial DL broadcast signal transmitted from the reader device 101 to initiate the inventory command procedure. Alternatively, the message type may be conveyed implicitly based on the sequence used as preamble / midamble / postamble. Each of the message types may be assigned a unique sequence that may be referred as message identifier.• Reader Identity (ID): The reader ID may be a unique ID, generated at the reader device 101 that may be transmitted at every message signal DL to indicate the ambient IOT device 102 about a source of the received DL signal. In case the ambient IOT device 102 at a cell edge is already involved in a communication process with one reader device 101, the ambient IOT device 102 may discard the DL message signals received from other readers. The ambient IOT device 102 may also carry the reader ID in the UL message signals. Upon matching the reader ID, the reader device 101 may schedule the data transmission for ambient IOT device 102. The reader ID may also be used at the ambient IOT device 102 to avoid responding to any false reader. In case, the device is capable of storing list of allowed / valid Reader IDs, the ambient IOT device 102 may respond to paging message MsgO sent from a reader with a reader ID belonging to the allowed / valid Reader ID list.• Transaction ID: The ambient loT communication may involve a plurality of communication slots as data transmission at all the ambient IOT device 102 may not be scheduled by the reader 101 at one slot. Once an ambient IOT device 102 completes the inventory process, the ambient IOT device 102 may not respond to the next consecutive slots within that inventory process to free up the resources for the other ambient IOT devices 102. Therefore, the paging message (MsgO) may contain the inventory ID. In an embodiment, the ambient IOT device 102 that receive acknowledgment (ACK) signal in a fourth message (Msg4) may decode every subsequent paging message (MsgO) transmitted form the reader device 101 to check the inventory ID. In case, the inventory ID is not same as the previous ID, the ambient IOT device 102 may respond to that paging message (MsgO) by transmitting a first message (Msgl).• Communication slot duration T: The paging message (MsgO) may contain slot duration T to communicate with the ambient IOT device 102. The communication slot duration T information may be required for the ambient IOT device 102 to decide on the sleep mode duration when the ambient IOT device 102 is not scheduled by the reader device 101 to send athird message (Msg3).• 1 bit information for 2-step CFA / 4-step CBRA: The paging message (MsgO) signal may carry one bit information to convey about 2-step CFA or 4-step CBRA process to the ambient IOT device 102. The 1 -bit information for 2-step CFA / 4-step CBRA may be the indicator indicating whether a first Contention Free Access (CFA) or a second- type CBRA to be used for communication process. The 1 bit information may be referred as the Access type (AT). The AT indicates one of the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA based on one bit information carried by the paging message (MsgO). In an exemplary embodiment, the one bit information may be either 0 or 1. In a nonlimiting example, the AT may be indicated as the first-type CFA when the one bit information is set to 0 and as second-type CBRA when the one bit information is set to 1. In another non -limiting example, the AT may be indicated as the first-type CFA when the one bit information is set to 1 and as second-type CBRA when the one bit information is set to 0.The reader device 101 may initially choose 2-step CFA at the first communication slot of any inventory cycle. For the subsequent slots the following options may be followed:Option 1: Based on the number of the first message (Msgl) received from the ambient IOT device 102 available at the vicinity, which is the response to the paging message (MsgO) paging signal, the reader device 101 may decide whether to shift to the 4-step CBRA process or continue with the 2-step process. In a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, if the first message (Msgl) received as the responses is higher than a threshold value (i.e, 50 to 100 response messages), then the reader 101 may continue using the same access type used previously. In another case, if the first message (Msgl) received as the responses is lower than the threshold value, then the reader 101 may continue shift to other access type.Option 2: If the ambient IOT device 102 is not able to send the first message (Msg 1) successfully using 2-step CFA process in multiple slots, the ambient IOT device 102 may inform the reader device 101 through the first message (Msgl) to change to the 4-step CBRA process, so that the remaining ambient IOT devices may successfully send information using minimum number of slots.• MsgO related information: The reader device 101 may inform the duration of paging message MsgO transmission (TO) to the ambient IOT device 102 through the paging message MsgO signal. As the distance between the reader device 101 and the ambient IOT device 102 is very small (few meters) in ambient loT communication, it may beassumed that all the ambient IOT devices may receive the paging message MsgO at the same time. Based on TO, the ambient IOT device 102 may calculate the start time of Tl.• Msgl related information:The duration of time domain slot for slotted aloha based multi-access communication to transmit the first message (Msgl), that the first message signal duration.The number of time domain resource of access occasions triggered by A-IoT paging message (MsgO) or the one Access Trigger message (X) available to the ambient IOT device 102 to randomly choose one slot and transmit the first message (Msgl).A number of access occasions or communication slots in between two paging signals.Total number of frequency domain resources such as, the number of subcarriers available to the ambient IOT device 102 to randomly choose one frequency domain resource and transmit the first message (Msgl).• Msg2 related information:The paging message (MsgO) may carry 1 bit to convey the information to the ambient IOT device 102 that the reader device 101 may send one common second message (Msg2) or a plurality of second message (Msg2) in response to the plurality of first message (Msgl) signals received from the ambient IOT device 102 available in the vicinity.The duration for transmitting the second message (Msg2) signals is T2. One or more second message (Msg2) may be transmitted within the duration T2.

[0061] After receiving the paging message (MsgO) from the reader device 101, the ambient IOT device 102 may process the paging message (MsgO) to obtain one or more information elements. A gap time may be required by the ambient IOT device 102 to process the paging message (MsgO), and the gap time may be indicated by TGapA.

[0062] Upon broadcasting the paging message (MsgO) to the plurality of ambient loT devices 102, the reader device 101 may receive a response message from the at least one ambient loT device 102 of the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 based on the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA is used.

[0063] In one embodiment, when the first-type CFA (i.e., 2-Step CFA) is used, the reader 101 may receive the response message as the first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device 102. The first message (Msgl) comprises upper layer data. The upper layer data may comprise the device ID, device type and the like. In case of using the first-type CFA (i.e., 2-Step CFA), at step 403, the ambient loT devices 102 may transmit first message (Msgl) in response to the paging message (MsgO). The ambient loT devices 102 may select a time resource from a plurality of time resources and a frequency resource from a plurality of frequency resources allocated by the reader 101 in the paging message (MsgO) to transmit the first message (Msgl). The transmission time of the first message (Msgl) from the ambient loT device 102 to the reader 101 may be indicated by Tl. The first message (Msgl) may contain the upper layer data. The upper layer data may include but not limited to device identifier of the ambient loT device 102, device type of ambient loT device 102 and the like.

[0064] In another embodiment, when the second-type CBRA (i.e., 4-step CBRA) is used, the reader device 101 may receive the first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device 102. The first message (Msgl) may comprise at least one a random identifier (random ID), a device energy status, a third message (Msg3) size, and a transmission bandwidth, associated with the at least one ambient loT device 102.

[0065] In this case of using the second-type CBRA (i.e., 4-Step CBRA), at step 403, the ambient loT devices 102 may transmit first message (Msgl) in response to the paging message (MsgO). The first message (Msgl) may comprise at least one the random identifier (random ID), the device energy status, the third message (Msg3) size, the transmission bandwidth associated with the at least one ambient loT device 102. In an embodiment, the first message (Msgl) may contain data associated with the ambient loT device 102 such as device identifier, device type and at least of the information elements described below:• Device energy status: The first message (Msgl) may carry one or few bits to convey an energy status of the ambient loT device 102 to the reader 101. If the ambient loT device 102 has more energy storage, the device may get higher priority to be scheduled in the present slot.• Transmission bandwidth: The transmission bandwidth of the ambient loT device 102 may be sent to the reader device 101 through the first message Msgl, from which the reader device 101 may decide the number of frequency domain resources required to transmit the message three (Msg3) from the ambient loT device 102.• Message three (Msg3) size: In case, the (Msg3) size is fixed, and the information is available to the reader device 101, the ambient loT device 102 may need not to send the information to the reader device 101. If the (Msg3) size is different for different devices, the ambient loT device 102 may send few bits through first message (Msgl) to convey the (Msg3) size to the reader device 101.

[0066] After transmitting the first message Msgl, the ambient loT device 102 may wait to receive a response from the reader 101. The time duration for which the ambient loT device 102 will wait to receive the response may be indicated by TGapB. In an embodiment, if the ambient loT device 102 determines from the paging message (MsgO) that the 4-step CBRA process is followed, the first message (Msg 1) may contain the device random ID of the ambient IOT device 102. In an embodiment, the first message (Msgl) may contain information about changing the 2-step CFA process to the 4-step CBRA process and the device random ID.

[0067] In cases where, the first message (Msgl) may contain information about changing the 2-step CFA process to the 4-step CBRA process and the device random ID, the reader 101 may receive the response message as the first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device 102. In an embodiment, switching from the first-type CFA to the second-type CBRA may be based on a count of first messages (Msgl) received within a defined window, as indicated in paging message (MsgO). That is, if conveyed through the paging message (MsgO) by the one ambient loT device 102 or based on the number of the first message (Msgl) received by the reader 101, the reader 101 may shift to the 4-step CBRA process.

[0068] In an embodiment, when the second-type CBRA (i.e, 4-Step CBRA) is used, the reader 101 may receive the response message as the first message (Msg 1) from the at least one ambient loT device 102. The first message (Msgl) may comprise at least one random identifier (random ID), the device energy status, the third message (Msg3) size, and the transmission bandwidth, associated with the at least one ambient loT device 102. Further, the reader 101 may transmit the second message (Msg2) to the at least one ambient loT device 102 based on the at least one random ID. The second message comprises resource information. Then, based on the transmitted second message (Msg2), the reader 101 may receive the third message (Msg3) from the at least one ambient loT device 102 based on the resource information. The third message (Msg3) may comprise upper layer data.

[0069] In an embodiment, when the second-type CBRA (4-Step) is used for communication process, upon transmitting the paging message (MsgO), the ambient loT device 102 may process the paging message (MsgO) and transmit the first message (Msgl) to the reader 101. Then, the reader 101 may receive the first message (Msgl) from the ambient loT device 102.

[0070] At step 403, the reader 101 may receive the first message (Msgl) from the ambient loT device 102. The first message (Msgl) may comprise the at least one random identifier (random ID) associated with the at least one ambient loT device 102.

[0071] At step 404, the reader 101 may transmit the second message (Msg2) to the at least one ambient loT device 102 based on the at least one random ID. The second message may comprise resource information. The second message (Msg2) may comprise an acknowledgment of the random identifier and resource allocation including at least one of: Msg3 timing (T3), Msg3 scheduling information, and Msg4 timing information.

[0072] In an embodiment, if the reader 101 shifts to 4-step CBRA process, the reader 101 may transmit the Msg2 to the ambient loT device 102. The transmission time of the Msg2 from the reader 101 to the ambient loT device 102 may be indicated by T2. In an embodiment, the reader 101 may broadcast the Msg2 to the plurality of ambient IOT devices 102. The Msg2 may contain an acknowledgment of the device random ID and at least one of the information elements relating to the resource allocation. The resource allocation may include:• Msg3 timing (T3): The Msg3 duration (T3) may be conveyed to the ambient loT device 102 through Msg2, which consists of multiple Msg3 transmissions from multiple ambient loT device 102 scheduled at the communication slot.• Msg4 timing information: The ACK / NAK information may be conveyed to the ambient loT device 102 through the fourth message (Msg4). The second message (Msg2) may carry information to convey the duration of the fourth message (Msg4) transmission from the reader 101 to the ambient loT device 102. Accordingly, the ambient loT device 102 may wait to receive the ACK / NAK signal from the reader 101.• Msg3 scheduling information: The main purpose of transmitting Msg2 is to allocate the time domain and / or frequency domain resources to the ambient loT device 102. Based on the parameters like, device energy status, transmission bandwidth of device, Msg3 size of each device, number of first message Msgl signals received, communication bandwidth, total available time slots (T3 duration), etc., the reader 101may schedule the allocated time domain and / or frequency domain resources for the ambient loT device 102.

[0073] After receiving the second message (Msg2) from the reader 101, the ambient loT device 102 may process the second message (Msg2) to obtain one or more information elements. A gap time may be required by the ambient loT device 102 to process the second message (Msg2), and the gap may be indicated by ToapB.

[0074] At step 405, the ambient loT device 102 may transmit the third message (Msg3) in response to the second message (Msg2) based on the allocated time and frequency resources from the reader. The transmission time of the third message (Msg3) from the ambient loT device 102 to the reader 101 may be indicated by T3. The third message Msg3 may contain upper layer data. The upper layer data associated with the ambient loT device 102 may comprise such as the device identifier, and the device type, but not limited thereto.

[0075] After transmitting the third message Msg3, the ambient loT device 102 may wait to receive a response from the reader 101. The time duration for which the ambient loT device 102 may wait to receive the response may be indicated by ToapD.

[0076] In response to the third message, the reader 101 may transmit a fourth message to the at least one ambient loT device 102. The fourth message (Msg 4) may comprise at least one of an acknowledgment message (ACK) when the third message (Msg3) is received or a nonacknowledgement message (NACK) when the third message (Msg3) is failed to be received.

[0077] At step 406, the reader 101 may transmit the fourth message (Msg4) to the ambient loT device 102. The fourth message (Msg4) may be an acknowledgment message indicating the completion of the communication. T4 may denote the transmission time of the fourth message (Msg4) from the reader 101 to the ambient loT device 102. After receiving the fourth message (Msg4), the ambient loT device 102 may enter a sleep mode before starting communication with the reader 101 again. The time duration for which the ambient loT device 102 will be in the sleep mode may be indicated by Toaps-

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, information regarding the expected time gap between each message signal such as, ToapA or Toffset or Toffseti, ToapB or TOffset3, etc. can be handled in two ways:Option 1: The ambient loT device 102 already has the Toa information stored in the memory, which can reduce the number of bits transmitted through DL signals. In this case, the Toap values are fixed.Option 2: The reader 101 sends the Toap information through DL message signals to the device. In this case, the Toap values can be variable.

[0079] Then, while again initiating the communication process, at step 407, the reader 101 may send the CW signal. Thus, the present disclosure supports dynamic switching between different CBRA procedures, reduce communication latency, improve reliability, and enhance overall system performance in the ambient loT environments.

[0080] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary structure of an inventory cycle in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. A skilled person may appreciate that the cycle presented in the figure 5 is for understanding purpose only and should not be restricted to inventory only. The inventory cycle may denote a time duration required by the reader 101 and the ambient loT device 102 to complete the inventory command procedure. The inventory cycle may be defined based on requirements of the reader 101 to obtain information associated with the ambient loT device 102. The inventory cycle may contain a plurality of time slots. The reader 101 and the ambient loT device 102 may perform the inventory command procedure within a selected time slot among the plurality of time slots. In an embodiment, the reader 101 may communicate with the plurality of ambient loT device 102 during a time slot. In an embodiment, the ambient loT device 102 may communicate with only one reader 101 during a time slot. The ambient loT device 102 may communicate with the reader 101 only once in an inventory cycle.

[0081] Fig. 6 represents a flowchart of an exemplary method for performing wireless communication by a reader in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The order in which the method 600 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks may be combined in any order to implement the method. Additionally, individual blocks may be deleted from the methods without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described. Furthermore, the method can be implemented in any suitable hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof. However, for ease of explanation, in the embodimentsdescribed below, the method 600 may be implemented by the respective components and / or by the processor 202 using the modules 204 of FIG. 2.

[0082] At step 601, the method may include broadcasting the paging message (MsgO) to the plurality of ambient loT devices 102. The paging message comprises the Access Type (AT) indicating one of the first-type CFA and the second-type CBRA. In one implementation, the processor 202 may broadcast the paging message (MsgO) to the plurality of ambient loT devices 102. In another implementation, the transmitter module 206 may broadcast the paging message (MsgO) to the plurality of ambient loT devices 102.

[0083] At step 602, the method may include receiving response message from the at least one ambient loT device 102 of the plurality of ambient loT devices 102 based on the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA. In one implementation, the processor 202 may receive response message from the at least one ambient loT device 102. In another implementation, the receiver module 205 may receive response message from the at least one ambient loT device 102.

[0084] The order in which the method 600 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks may be combined in any order to implement the method. Additionally, individual blocks may be deleted from the methods without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described.

[0085] The illustrated steps are set out to explain the exemplary embodiments shown, and it should be anticipated that ongoing technological development will change the manner in which particular functions are performed. These examples are presented herein for purposes of illustration, and not limitation. Further, the boundaries of the functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. Alternative boundaries can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships thereof are appropriately performed.

[0086] Advantages• The present disclosure enables a reader to dynamically indicate whether a two-step or four-step contention-based random access (CBRA) procedure is being used within an inventory cycle. Thus, dynamically supporting for Multiple CBRA Procedures. Further, the present disclosure provides flexibility to adapt the access procedure based on device density, collision probability, or network conditions.• By conveying message duration, processing gap timings, and scheduling information through physical layer signals, the ambient IOT device can accurately determine when it is required to transmit, receive, or remain in a low-power sleep state. Thus, eliminating unnecessary active listening and processing, thereby reducing energy consumption, which is particularly beneficial for energy-constrained or battery-less Ambient loT devices.• The inclusion of timing-related information such as message boundaries, slot durations, and processing gaps allows ambient IOT device to achieve precise timing alignment with the reader. Thus, improving synchronization for both uplink backscatter transmissions and downlink receptions, resulting in reduced interference, lower collision probability, and improved decoding reliability at the reader.• The present disclosure enables devices to convey parameters such as energy status, transmission bandwidth capability, and message payload size through uplink physical layer signalling, the reader can make informed scheduling decisions. This allows more efficient allocation of time and frequency resources, improves throughput, and enables fair access among multiple devices in high-density deployment scenarios.• The ability to adaptively switch between a two-step and four-step CBRA procedure, reduces overall communication latency while maintaining reliability across varying deployment conditions.

[0087] Alternatives (including equivalents, extensions, variations, deviations, etc., of those described herein) will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s) based on the teachings contained herein. Such alternatives fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosed embodiments. Furthermore, one or more computer-readable storage media may be utilized in implementing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. A computer-readable storage medium refers to any type of physical memory on which information or data readable by a processor may be stored.

[0088] The terms "an embodiment", "embodiment", "embodiments", "the embodiment", "the embodiments", "one or more embodiments", "some embodiments", and "one embodiment" mean "one or more (but not all) embodiments of the invention(s)" unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms "including", "comprising", “having” and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to", unless expressly specified otherwise. The enumerated listing of items does not imply that any or all of theitems are mutually exclusive, unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms "a", "an" and "the" mean "one or more", unless expressly specified otherwise. A description of an embodiment with several components in communication with each other does not imply that all such components are required. On the contrary, a variety of optional components are described to illustrate the wide variety of possible embodiments of the invention.

[0089] When a single device or article is described herein, it will be readily apparent that more than one device / article (whether or not they cooperate) may be used in place of a single device / article. Similarly, where more than one device or article is described herein (whether or not they cooperate), it will be readily apparent that a single device / article may be used in place of the more than one device or article, or a different number of devices / articles may be used instead of the shown number of devices or programs. The illustrated operations of FIG. 5 show certain events occurring in a certain order. In alternative embodiments, certain operations may be performed in a different order, modified, or removed. Moreover, steps may be added to the above described logic and still conform to the described embodiments. Further, operations described herein may occur sequentially or certain operations may be processed in parallel. Yet further, operations may be performed by a single processing unit or by distributed processing units.

[0090] Finally, the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and it may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be limited not by this detailed description, but rather by any claims that issue on an application based here on. Accordingly, the disclosure of the embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims. While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A method of performing wireless communication by a reader device (101) in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, the method comprising:broadcasting a paging message (MsgO) to a plurality of ambient loT devices (102), wherein the paging message comprises an Access Type (AT) indicating one of a first-type Contention Free Access (CFA) and a second-type Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA); andreceiving response message from at least one ambient loT device (102) of the plurality of ambient loT devices (102) based on the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, when the first-type CFA is used, receiving the response message as a first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device (102), wherein the first message (Msgl) comprises upper layer data.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, when the second-type CBRA is used, receiving the response message comprises:receiving a first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device (102), wherein the first message (Msgl) comprises at least one a random identifier (random ID), a device energy status, a third message (Msg3) size, and a transmission bandwidth, associated with the at least one ambient loT device (102);transmitting a second message (Msg2) to the at least one ambient loT device (102) based on the at least one random ID, wherein the second message comprises resource information; andreceiving a third message (Msg3) from the at least one ambient loT device (102) based on the resource information, wherein the third message (Msg3) comprises upper layer data.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, further comprises:transmitting a fourth message (Msg4) to the at least one ambient loT device ( 102), wherein the fourth message (Msg4) comprises at least one of an acknowledgment message (ACK) when the third message (Msg3) is received or a non-acknowledgement message (NACK) when the third message (Msg3) is failed to be received.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the paging message (MsgO) further comprises at least one of: a message type, a reader identity, a transaction identity, a communication slot duration (T), MsgO related information, Msgl related information, and Msg2 related information (TO), wherein the Msgl related information comprises at least one of a number of time domain resource of access occasions triggered by A-IoT Paging message (MsgO) or a one Access Trigger message (X), and a number of access occasions.

6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second message (Msg2) comprises an acknowledgment of the random identifier and resource allocation including at least one of: Msg3 timing (T3), Msg3 scheduling information, and Msg4 timing information.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising switching from the first-type CFA to the second-type CBRA based on a count of first messages (Msgl) received within a defined window, as indicated in the paging message (MsgO).

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the AT indicates one of the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA based on one bit information carried by the paging message (MsgO).

9. A reader device (101) for performing wireless communication in an ambient Internet of Things (loT) environment, the reader device (101) comprises:a memory;at least one processor coupled with the memory configured to: broadcast a paging message (MsgO) to a plurality of ambient loT devices (102), wherein the paging message comprises an Access Type (AT) indicating one of a first- type Contention Free Access (CFA) and a second-type Contention-Based Random Access (CBRA); andreceive response message from at least one ambient loT device (102) of the plurality of ambient loT devices (102) based on the first-type CFA or the second-type CBRA.

10. The reader device (101) as claimed in claim 9, when the first-type CFA is used, the at least one processor is configured to receive the response message as a first message(Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device (102), wherein the first message (Msgl) comprises upper layer data.

11. The reader device (101) as claimed in claim 9, when the second-type CBRA is used, to receive the response message, the at least one processor is configured to:receive a first message (Msgl) from the at least one ambient loT device (102), wherein the first message (Msgl) comprises at least one a random identifier (random ID), a device energy status, a third message (Msg3) size, and a transmission bandwidth, associated with the at least one ambient loT device (102);transmit a second message (Msg2) to the at least one ambient loT device (102) based on the at least one random ID, wherein the second message comprises resource information; andreceive a third message (Msg3) from the at least one ambient loT device (102) based on the resource information, wherein the third message (Msg3) comprises upper layer data.

12. The reader device (101) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:transmit a fourth message (Msg4) to the at least one ambient loT device (102), wherein the fourth message (Msg4) comprises at least one of an acknowledgment message (ACK) when the third message (Msg3) is received or a non-acknowledgement message (NACK) when the third message (Msg3) is failed to be received.

13. The reader device (101) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the paging message (MsgO) further comprises at least one of: a message type, a reader identity, a transaction identity, a communication slot duration (T), MsgO related information, Msgl related information, and Msg2 related information (TO), wherein the Msg 1 related information comprises at least one of a number of time domain resource of access occasions triggered by A-IoT Paging message (MsgO) or a one Access Trigger message (X) and a number of access occasions.

14. The reader device (101) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the second message (Msg2) comprises an acknowledgment of the random identifier and resource allocation including at least one of: Msg3 timing (T3), Msg3 scheduling information, and Msg4 timing information.

15. The reader device (101) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to switch from the first-type CBRA to the second-type CBRA based on a count of first messages (Msgl) received within a defined window, as indicated in the paging message (MsgO).

16. The reader device (101) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the AT indicates one of the first- type CFA or the second-type CBRA based on one bit information carried by the paging message (MsgO).

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