Power generation device, power generation system, and power generation method
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images
Figure JP2026004175_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Power generation device, power generation system, and power generation method
[0001] The present invention relates to a power generation device, a power generation system, and a power generation method.
[0002] For a moving body moving at a high altitude such as the stratosphere, power shortage at night is an issue. Supplying the shortage by electromagnetic waves to the moving body, or using power supply by electromagnetic waves as the main power, etc. are effective solutions. Refer to the following Patent Document 1, which discloses a system for securing the power of a moving body by irradiating a laser beam on a photovoltaic panel mounted on the moving body (refer to the following Patent Document 1). The photovoltaic panel is shaped into a circle by combining a plurality of solar cells.
[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2023-157026 [[ID=IO]]
[0004] The power generation device (photovoltaic panel) includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules (solar cells) arranged in a grid pattern with each other to secure the amount of generated power. The inventor of the present application has found the following problems with such a power generation device.
[0005] Members such as wiring are provided in the gaps between adjacent photoelectric conversion modules. The gaps between adjacent photoelectric conversion modules become areas that do not contribute to power generation. Such areas that do not contribute to power generation limit the increase in the total power generation amount of the power generation device.
[0006] Therefore, a power generation device capable of securing an area that contributes to power generation, and a power generation system and a power generation method using the power generation device are desired.
[0007] A power generation device according to one embodiment is a power generation device that converts the energy of excitation light emitted from a light source into electrical energy. The power generation device has a module array including a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules and a first wiring. The module array includes a first photoelectric conversion module and a second photoelectric conversion module adjacent to each other in a second direction. Each of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module has a first extraction electrode and a second extraction electrode having the opposite polarity to the first extraction electrode. The first extraction electrodes of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module, which have the same polarity, face each other. The first wiring spans the first extraction electrodes of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module.
[0008] A power generation system according to one embodiment comprises the above-mentioned power generation device and a device for irradiating the power generation device with excitation light.
[0009] One embodiment of the power generation method includes irradiating the above-mentioned power generation device with excitation light.
[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system according to the first embodiment. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a power generation device according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the power generation device in region 3A of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation device along the line 4A-4A in Figure 3. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a power generation device according to the second embodiment, showing a cross-section of the region corresponding to the cross-section shown in Figure 4. Figure 6 is a schematic enlarged view of a power generation device according to the third embodiment, showing a region corresponding to region 3A in Figure 2. Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation device along the line 7A-7A in Figure 6. Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a power generation device according to the fourth embodiment, showing a cross-section of the region corresponding to the cross-section shown in Figure 7. Figure 9 is a schematic plan view of a power generation device according to the fifth embodiment. Figure 10 is a schematic plan view of one photoelectric conversion module included in the power generation device according to the fifth embodiment. Figure 11 is a schematic plan view of a power generation device according to the sixth embodiment. Figure 12 is a schematic plan view of one photoelectric conversion module included in the power generation device according to the sixth embodiment.
[0011] The embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, identical or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic, and the proportions of the dimensions, etc., may differ from those of reality.
[0012] [First Embodiment] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system according to the first embodiment. The power generation system includes a light source 300 and a power generation device 400. The power generation device 400 may be mounted on an object 500 located away from the light source 300. The object 500 on which the power generation device 400 is mounted may be equipped with electronic devices (not shown) that utilize electricity. The object 500 may be located far away from the light source 300.
[0013] Object 500 may be a building or a mobile body, etc. A building may be, for example, a building or a house. A mobile body may be, for example, a car, a ship or an aircraft. An aircraft includes, for example, a drone, an aircraft or a rocket. An aircraft may be one that travels at high altitudes, such as in the stratosphere.
[0014] The light source 300 may be installed on the ground or on a building on the ground. Alternatively, the light source 300 may be installed on a mobile body such as a car, ship, or aircraft. In this case, the mobile body on which the light source 300 is installed is a different mobile body from the object 500 described above.
[0015] The light source 300 may be configured to irradiate the power generation device 400 with excitation light. The light source 300 may be a laser light source, an LED, or the like. The light source 300 may be configured to adjust the direction in which the excitation light is irradiated according to the movement of the object 500.
[0016] The power generation device 400 generates electrical energy from excitation light irradiated from the light source 300. The object 500 or the electronic equipment mounted on the object 500 uses the electrical energy generated by the power generation device 400.
[0017] The excitation light emitted from the light source 300 is preferably highly directional light. The excitation light may be, for example, laser light. The excitation light includes a wavelength range that can be converted into electrical energy by the power generation device 400. The light source 300 may output, for example, laser light having wavelengths in the infrared region.
[0018] When excitation light emitted from the light source 300 travels a long distance through the atmosphere, it is preferable that the excitation light has a wavelength corresponding to the so-called "atmospheric window," which has a high transmittance of light in the atmosphere, in order to suppress the attenuation of the excitation light. For example, the excitation light may have a wavelength of 1070 nm ± 100 nm.
[0019] The power generation method according to this embodiment includes irradiating the power generation device 400 with excitation light, that is, excitation light emitted from the light source 300.
[0020] [Power Generation Device] Next, a power generation device according to one embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the power generation device according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the power generation device in region 3A of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation device along the line 4A-4A in Figure 3. Figures 3 and 4 show the configuration of each photoelectric conversion module included in the power generation device. Note that for the sake of explanation, the sealing material 40 is not depicted in Figure 3.
[0021] The power generation device 400 may be a device that converts excitation light into electrical energy. The power generation device 400 may have a module array 420, a first wiring 440, and a second wiring 460. The module array 420 includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules 100. The plurality of photoelectric conversion modules 100 may be arranged in a line or in a grid.
[0022] The multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the module array 420 may be arranged adjacent to each other. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 are arranged in a grid pattern. Specifically, some of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 are aligned with each other in a second direction. Another portion of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 are aligned with each other in a first direction that intersects the second direction.
[0023] In this specification, "first direction" corresponds to the direction of the X-axis in the figure, and "second direction" corresponds to the direction of the Y-axis in the figure.
[0024] In the first embodiment, the module array 420 may have one or more module rows 430, each containing a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules 100 arranged in a first direction. The plurality of photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in each module row 430 are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction.
[0025] If the module array 420 includes multiple module rows 430, the multiple module rows 430 may be arranged in a second direction. That is, the multiple module rows 430 may be arranged adjacent to each other in a second direction.
[0026] In the example shown in Figure 2, six module rows 430 are shown, and the six module rows 430 are arranged in a second direction. Each module row 430 contains multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 arranged in a first direction.
[0027] The first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are wirings for extracting power from the module array 420. Each photoelectric conversion module 100 is electrically connected to the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460. Each photoelectric conversion module 100 has a first extraction electrode 52 corresponding to one of the positive and negative electrodes, and a second extraction electrode 54 corresponding to the other of the positive and negative electrodes. The first extraction electrode 52 and the second extraction electrode 54 are a pair of electrodes for extracting power from the photoelectric conversion module 100.
[0028] The first wiring 440 is electrically connected to the first extraction electrode 52 of each photoelectric conversion module 100, that is, to extraction electrodes having the same polarity as each other. The second wiring 460 is electrically connected to the second extraction electrode 54 of each photoelectric conversion module 100, that is, to extraction electrodes having the same polarity as each other (opposite polarity to the first extraction electrode). The power generated by each photoelectric conversion module 100 is extracted to the outside by the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460.
[0029] The configuration of each photoelectric conversion module will be described below with reference to Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 shows the region of the power generation device in which one photoelectric conversion module is installed. Figure 4 shows a schematic cross-section of the region in which the photoelectric conversion module shown in Figure 3 is installed.
[0030] At least one, preferably all, of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 may include multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10. The multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10 included in one photoelectric conversion module 100 may be arranged relative to each other in a second direction.
[0031] In the first embodiment, multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10 included in a single photoelectric conversion module 100 may be provided on the same substrate 20. The substrate 20 may serve as the base on which each film is formed. The substrate 20 may be made of, for example, glass, ceramics, resin, or metal.
[0032] Each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may have a substantially strip-like shape when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate 20. Each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may extend for a long distance in a first direction. Multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10 are arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction. Adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 may be electrically and / or structurally separated from each other by a first groove P1, a second groove P2, and a third groove P3 extending in the first direction. In other words, the first groove P1, the second groove P2, and the third groove P3 separate adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10.
[0033] In this specification, "groove" includes both grooves with a bottom and grooves without a bottom. Furthermore, the term "groove" includes a state in which the groove is filled with a material other than the material (layer) in which the groove is formed. For example, the sealant 40 may be filled into the groove.
[0034] Each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may include at least a first electrode layer 22, a photoelectric conversion layer 26 on the first electrode layer 22, and a second electrode layer 24 on the photoelectric conversion layer 26. The photoelectric conversion layer 26 is provided between the first electrode layer 22 and the second electrode layer 24. The first electrode layer 22 is provided on the substrate 20. The second electrode layer 24 is located on the opposite side of the substrate 20 with respect to the photoelectric conversion layer 26. The substrate 20, the first electrode layer 22, the photoelectric conversion layer 26, and the second electrode layer 24 are aligned in the thickness direction of the photoelectric conversion module 100. Here, "thickness direction" corresponds to the Z-axis direction in the figure.
[0035] The first electrode layer 22 may be composed of a conductive metallic material or an oxide material. The metallic material can be selected from at least one selected from Ag, Al, Au, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pt, Ti, and Cr, or from alloys thereof. Examples of conductive oxide materials that can be selected from ITO (indium tin oxide), ITiO (indium titanium oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide), ZTO (zinc tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), GZO (gallium-doped zinc oxide), etc.
[0036] The second electrode layer 24 may be composed of a conductive metallic material or an oxide material. The metallic material can be selected from at least one selected from Ag, Al, Au, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pt, Ti, and Cr, or from alloys thereof. The conductive oxide material can be selected from, for example, ITO (indium tin oxide), ITiO (indium titanium oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide), ZTO (zinc tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), GZO (gallium-doped zinc oxide), etc.
[0037] In one example, the second electrode layer 24 may be formed of a transparent electrode layer. In this case, the first electrode layer 22 may be a transparent electrode layer or an opaque electrode layer. When the second electrode layer 24 is formed of a transparent electrode layer, light incident on the photoelectric conversion layer 26 passes through the second electrode layer 24.
[0038] The photoelectric conversion layer 26 may be formed of any material that causes photoelectric conversion. In one example of a CIS-based photoelectric conversion module, the photoelectric conversion layer 26 is formed of a compound semiconductor containing group I elements (such as Cu, Ag, and Au), group III elements (such as Al, Ga, and In), and group VI elements (such as O, S, Se, and Te).
[0039] Alternatively, the photoelectric conversion layer 26 may be a CZTS-based chalcogen semiconductor containing Cu, Zn, Sn, S, or Se, which is a I ２ -(II-IV)-VI ４ group compound semiconductor. Representative examples of CZTS-based chalcogen semiconductors include Cu ２ ZnSnSe ４ , Cu ２ ZnSn(S,Se) ４ [[ID=!8]]and the like using such compounds.
[0040] The photoelectric conversion layer 26 of the CIS-based or CZTS-based type has a high conversion efficiency for converting light with a wavelength of 1070 nm ± 100 nm into electrical energy. Therefore, the power generation device 400 including the photoelectric conversion layer 26 of the CIS-based or CZTS-based type can be suitably used for excitation light having a wavelength of 1070 nm ± 100 nm.
[0041] The photoelectric conversion cell 10 may have a buffer layer 25 between the photoelectric conversion layer 26 and the second electrode layer 24. The buffer layer 25 may be formed of a material having a higher electrical resistance than the second electrode layer 24. In one example of a CIS-based photoelectric conversion module, the buffer layer 25 may be a Zn-based buffer layer, a Cd-based buffer layer, or an In-based buffer layer. Alternatively, if not necessary, the buffer layer 25 may not be provided. ]>
[0042] The first electrode layers 22 of the adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 are electrically separated from each other by the first grooves P1. Similarly, the second electrode layers 24 of the adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 are electrically separated from each other by the third grooves P3. The photoelectric conversion layers 26 of the adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 are separated from each other by the second grooves P2 and the third grooves P3. The first groove P1, the second groove P2, and the third groove P3 extend along the first direction.
[0043] The photoelectric conversion module 100 may have an electrical connection portion 34 between adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10. The electrical connection portion 34 electrically connects adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 in series. In the present embodiment, the electrical connection portion 34 is formed by a portion continuously extending from the second electrode layer 24. In this case, the electrical connection portion 34 may be made of the same material as the material constituting the second electrode layer 24.
[0044] The electrical connection portion 34 extends in the thickness direction of the photoelectric conversion module 10 at the second groove P2, thereby electrically connecting the first electrode layer 22 of one photoelectric conversion cell 10 and the second electrode layer 24 of the other photoelectric conversion cell 10 to each other. As a result, a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10 adjacent to each other in the second direction are electrically connected in series.
[0045] Each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may be sealed with a sealing material 40 except for portions corresponding to the first extraction electrode 52 and the second extraction electrode 54. Here, the first extraction electrode 52 and the second extraction electrode 54 may be constituted by the first electrode layers 22 of the photoelectric conversion cells 10 located at both ends among the plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10 arranged in the second direction. The first extraction electrode 52 and the second extraction electrode 54 may be constituted by, for example, portions of the first electrode layer 22 that are not covered by the sealing material 40.
[0046] At least one, preferably all, of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the module array 420 may contain two or more and sixty or fewer photoelectric conversion cells 10. The photoelectric conversion module 100 may preferably contain three or more and thirty or fewer photoelectric conversion cells 10, more preferably five or more and fifteen or fewer. By electrically connecting the multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10 in series with each other, the output voltage of each photoelectric conversion module 100 is improved.
[0047] The second extraction electrode 54 has the opposite polarity to the first extraction electrode 52. That is, if the first extraction electrode 52 has positive polarity, the second extraction electrode 54 has negative polarity. Conversely, if the first extraction electrode 52 has negative polarity, the second extraction electrode 54 has positive polarity.
[0048] The first extraction electrode 52 and the second extraction electrode 54 may be provided near the ends of the photoelectric conversion module 100. Specifically, the first extraction electrode 52 and the second extraction electrode 54 may be provided near the ends of the photoelectric conversion module 100 in the second direction. Therefore, the first extraction electrode 52 and the second extraction electrode 54 are provided at opposite ends in the second direction.
[0049] Next, the preferred orientation of each photoelectric conversion module 100 and the configuration of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 will be described. For convenience, one of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 will be referred to as "first photoelectric conversion module 100a" below. Another of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 will be referred to as "second photoelectric conversion module 100b" below. Furthermore, another of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 may be referred to as "third photoelectric conversion module 100c" below. The terms and symbols "first photoelectric conversion module 100a," "second photoelectric conversion module 100b," and "third photoelectric conversion module 100c" are used for convenience to distinguish between the photoelectric conversion modules 100. However, please note that in the following, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the photoelectric conversion modules 100, the term and symbol "photoelectric conversion module 100" will be used.
[0050] Furthermore, in the following, the module array 430 including the first photoelectric conversion module 100a may be referred to as the "first module array 430a." Similarly, the module array 430 including the second photoelectric conversion module 100b may be referred to as the "second module array 430b." Likewise, the module array 430 including the third photoelectric conversion module 100c may be referred to as the "third module array 430c." The terms and symbols "first module array 430a," "second module array 430b," and "third module array 430c" are used for convenience to distinguish between the module arrays 430. However, please note that in the following, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the module arrays 430, the term and symbols "module array 430" will be used.
[0051] The first photoelectric conversion module 100a and the second photoelectric conversion module 100b are adjacent to each other in the second direction. The first extraction electrodes 52 of the first photoelectric conversion module 100a and the second photoelectric conversion module 100b, which are adjacent to each other in the second direction and have the same polarity, may face each other. In this case, the first wiring 440 straddles the first extraction electrodes 52 of the first photoelectric conversion module 100a and the second photoelectric conversion module 100b.
[0052] This allows the first wiring 440 for extracting power from the first photoelectric conversion module 100a and the second photoelectric conversion module 100b to be made common. This commonality of the first wiring 440 may be implemented for at least one pair of photoelectric conversion modules 100, and preferably for multiple pairs of photoelectric conversion modules 100.
[0053] By standardizing the first wiring 440, the region between adjacent photoelectric conversion modules 100 in the second direction, i.e., the region that does not contribute to photoelectric conversion, can be minimized. Therefore, it becomes possible to secure a larger region that contributes to power generation in the entire power generation device 400, i.e., the entire module array 420.
[0054] The second photoelectric conversion module 100b and the third photoelectric conversion module 100c are adjacent to each other in the second direction. The second extraction electrodes 54 of the second photoelectric conversion module 100b and the third photoelectric conversion module 100c, which are adjacent to each other in the second direction, may face each other and have the same polarity. In this case, the second wiring 460 straddles the second extraction electrodes 54 of the second photoelectric conversion module 100b and the third photoelectric conversion module 100c.
[0055] This allows the second wiring 460 for extracting power from the second photoelectric conversion module 100b and the third photoelectric conversion module 100c to be made common. This commonality of the second wiring 460 may be implemented for at least one pair of photoelectric conversion modules 100, and preferably for multiple pairs of photoelectric conversion modules 100.
[0056] By standardizing the second wiring 460, the region between adjacent photoelectric conversion modules 100 in the second direction, i.e., the region that does not contribute to photoelectric conversion, can be minimized. Therefore, it becomes possible to secure a larger region that contributes to power generation in the entire power generation device 400, i.e., the entire module array 420.
[0057] It is preferable that the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the first module row 430a, which includes the first photoelectric conversion module 100a, are arranged so that the ends on which the first extraction electrodes 52 having the same polarity are provided face in the same direction. In this case, the first wiring 440 may extend in the first direction from a photoelectric conversion module located at one end of the first module row 430a to a photoelectric conversion module located at the other end of the first module row 430a. As a result, the first wiring 440 may be electrically connected to all of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the first module row 430a. Furthermore, the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the first module row 430a are electrically connected to each other in parallel.
[0058] Similarly, it is preferable that the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the second module row 430b, which includes the second photoelectric conversion module 100b, are arranged so that the ends on which the first extraction electrodes 52 having the same polarity are provided face in the same direction. As a result, the first wiring 440 may be electrically connected to all of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the second module row 430b. Alternatively, the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the second module row 430b are electrically connected to each other in parallel. In this case, the first wiring 440 is common to all photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the first module row 430a and all photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the second module row 430b.
[0059] Furthermore, it is preferable that the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the second module row 430b, which includes the second photoelectric conversion module 100b, are arranged so that the ends on which the second extraction electrodes 54 having the same polarity are provided face in the same direction. In this case, the second wiring 460 may extend in the first direction from a photoelectric conversion module located at one end of the second module row 430b to a photoelectric conversion module located at the other end of the second module row 430b. As a result, the second wiring 460 may be electrically connected to all of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the second module row 430b.
[0060] Similarly, it is preferable that the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the third module row 430c, which includes the third photoelectric conversion module 100c, are arranged so that the ends on which the second extraction electrodes 52 having the same polarity are provided face in the same direction. As a result, the second wiring 460 may be electrically connected to all of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the third module row 430c. Alternatively, the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the third module row 430c are electrically connected in parallel to each other. In this case, the second wiring 460 is common to all the photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the second module row 430b and all the photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the third module row 430c.
[0061] The first wiring 440 may be led out from the module array 420 to one side in the first direction intersecting the second direction. The second wiring 460 may be led out from the module array 420 to the other side in the first direction. That is, the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 may be led out in opposite directions with respect to the module array 420. As a result, the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are led out to the outside in a simple pattern without crossing each other.
[0062] The first extraction electrode 52 of the third photoelectric conversion module 100c may be provided at the end opposite to the second extraction electrode 54 of the third photoelectric conversion module 100c. In this case, the first wiring 440 may be connected to the first extraction electrode 54 of the third photoelectric conversion module 100c. Preferably, the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 included in the third module row 430c, which includes the third photoelectric conversion module 100c, are arranged with the end on which the first extraction electrode 54 is provided facing the same direction. In this case, the first wiring 440 may extend in a first direction from a photoelectric conversion module located at one end of the third module row 430c to a photoelectric conversion module located at the other end of the third module row 430c. In this case, the first wiring 440 may branch into a portion extending between the first module row 430a and the second module row 430b, and a portion connected to the first extraction electrode 54 of the third module row 430c (see Figure 2).
[0063] When one or a few photoelectric conversion modules 100 are not exposed to excitation light (when a local shadow is created), those one or a few photoelectric conversion modules 100 cease to contribute to power generation. However, as mentioned above, if some or all of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100 are electrically connected in parallel, even when one or a few photoelectric conversion modules 100 are not exposed to excitation light, the decrease in the output current obtained by the module array 420 as a whole can be suppressed.
[0064] More preferably, the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are arranged between adjacent module rows 430. In this case, the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are arranged alternately in the second direction. When there are multiple module rows 430, at least one, preferably both, of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 may have branched portions as described above. The branched portions of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are arranged between adjacent module rows. In this case, the first wiring 440 may be drawn out from the module array 420 to one side in the first direction intersecting the second direction. The second wiring 460 may be drawn out from the module array 420 to the other side in the first direction. As a result, even when there are many module rows 430, the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are drawn out to the outside in a simple pattern without intersecting.
[0065] From the viewpoint of reducing resistance, the thickness T1 of the first wiring 440 in the thickness direction intersecting the light-receiving surface of the module array 420 is preferably longer than the width W1 of the first wiring 440 in the direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the first wiring 440. Here, the light-receiving surface corresponds to the surface of the module array 420 that receives excitation light. This makes it possible to secure a large cross-sectional area of the first wiring 440 while reducing the width W1 of the first wiring 440. Since the first wiring 440 transmits almost no excitation light, reducing the width W1 of the first wiring 440 makes it possible to enlarge the region of the module array 420 that contributes to photoelectric conversion (photoelectric conversion region). However, it should be noted that the thickness T1 of the first wiring 440 in the thickness direction intersecting the light-receiving surface of the module array 420 does not necessarily have to be longer than the width W1 of the first wiring 440 in the direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the first wiring 440.
[0066] Similarly, it is preferable that the thickness of the second wiring 460 in the thickness direction intersecting the light-receiving surface of the module array 420 is greater than the width of the second wiring 460 in the direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the second wiring 460.
[0067] [Second Embodiment] The power generation device according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 5. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation device according to the second embodiment, showing a cross-section of the region corresponding to the cross-section shown in Figure 4. In the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for components similar to those in the first embodiment. Note that the description of components similar to those in the first embodiment may be omitted.
[0068] In the power generation device according to the second embodiment, the configuration of the light source 300, the module array 420, and each photoelectric conversion module 100 is the same as in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the shapes of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are different from those in the first embodiment.
[0069] In the second embodiment as well, the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 may each span adjacent photoelectric conversion modules 100 in the second direction. In the second embodiment as well, it is preferable that the thickness T1 of the first wiring 440 in the thickness direction intersecting the light-receiving surface of the module array 420 is longer than the width W1 of the first wiring 440 in the direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the first wiring 440.
[0070] Similarly, it is preferable that the thickness of the second wiring 460 in the thickness direction intersecting the light-receiving surface of the module array 420 is greater than the width of the second wiring 460 in the direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the second wiring 460.
[0071] In the second embodiment, the first wiring 440 has a protrusion 442 that projects toward the light irradiation side from the light-receiving surface of the module array 420. Preferably, the protrusion 442 has a shape that becomes thinner the further it is from the light-receiving surface. For example, the protrusion 442 of the first wiring 440 may have a triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first wiring 440.
[0072] In this case, if the excitation light is irradiated at a slight angle with respect to the light-receiving surface of the module array 420, a portion of the excitation light directed toward the region of the photoelectric conversion cell 10 that contributes to photoelectric conversion may reach the photoelectric conversion cell 10 without being shielded by the first wiring 440. Therefore, the decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency due to shielding of the excitation light by the first wiring 440 can be suppressed.
[0073] Similarly, the second wiring 460 has a protrusion 462 that projects toward the light irradiation side from the light-receiving surface of the module array 420. Preferably, the protrusion 462 has a shape that becomes thinner the further it is from the light-receiving surface. For example, the protrusion 462 of the second wiring 460 may have a triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the second wiring 460.
[0074] More preferably, at least one, preferably both, sides of the protrusions 442 of the first wiring 440 and 462 of the second wiring 460 have reflective surfaces that reflect light. In this case, when excitation light strikes the protrusions 442 of the first wiring 440 and / or the protrusions 462 of the second wiring 460, the excitation light is reflected. A portion of the excitation light reflected by the protrusions 442 and / or 462 can reach the photoelectric conversion layer 26 in the photoelectric conversion cell 10, i.e., the region that contributes to photoelectric conversion. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0075] [Third Embodiment] The power generation apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 6 and 7. Figure 6 is a schematic enlarged view of the power generation apparatus according to the third embodiment, showing the area corresponding to area 3A in Figure 2. Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation apparatus along the line 7A-7A in Figure 6. In the third embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for components similar to those in the first embodiment. Note that the description of components similar to those in the first embodiment may be omitted.
[0076] In the power generation device according to the third embodiment, the light source 300, the arrangement of the module array 420, and the patterns of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are the same as in the first embodiment. In the third embodiment, the structure of each photoelectric conversion module 100 differs from that of the first embodiment.
[0077] In the third embodiment, at least one, preferably all, of the plurality of photoelectric conversion modules 100 may include a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10. The plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10 included in one photoelectric conversion module 100 may be arranged relative to each other in a second direction.
[0078] In the third embodiment, the multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10 included in a single photoelectric conversion module 100 are not deposited collectively on the same substrate 20. Each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may include the substrate 20, a first electrode layer 22 on the substrate 20, a photoelectric conversion layer 26 on the first electrode layer 22, and a second electrode layer 24 on the photoelectric conversion layer 26. The photoelectric conversion layer 26 is provided between the first electrode layer 22 and the second electrode layer 24. The first electrode layer 22 is provided on the substrate 20. The second electrode layer 24 is located on the opposite side of the substrate 20 with respect to the photoelectric conversion layer 26. The substrate 20, the first electrode layer 22, the photoelectric conversion layer 26, and the second electrode layer 24 are aligned in the thickness direction of the photoelectric conversion module 100.
[0079] A substrate 20 is provided individually for each photoelectric conversion cell 10. The substrate 20 is preferably made of a conductive material such as metal. The materials constituting the first electrode layer 22, the second electrode layer 24, and the photoelectric conversion layer 26 may be the same as in the first embodiment. Each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may have a buffer layer (not shown) between the first electrode layer 22 and the photoelectric conversion layer 26, and / or between the photoelectric conversion layer 26 and the second electrode layer 24.
[0080] In the third embodiment, adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 may be electrically connected in series with each other. Adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 are arranged side by side so as to partially overlap each other. Specifically, one end of a photoelectric conversion cell 10 overlaps in the thickness direction with the other end of an adjacent photoelectric conversion cell 10. Adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 are mechanically and electrically connected in the overlapping portion. More specifically, the substrate 20 of one photoelectric conversion cell 10 and the current collector electrode 30 (e.g., busbar 32) of the other photoelectric conversion cell 20, described later, may be connected by welding. Alternatively, adjacent photoelectric conversion cells 10 may be electrically and mechanically connected by a conductive connector. The number of photoelectric conversion cells 10 arranged in one direction may be the same as in the first embodiment.
[0081] Each photoelectric conversion cell 10 is equipped with a current collecting electrode 30 connected to a second electrode layer 24. The current collecting electrode 30 collects charge carriers from the second electrode layer 24 and is made of a conductive material. The current collecting electrode 30 may be in direct contact with the second electrode layer 24. From the viewpoint of securing a region that contributes to photoelectric conversion, it is preferable that the area of the current collecting electrode 30 be as small as possible.
[0082] The current collector electrode 30 may, for example, have a busbar 32 extending in a first direction at the end of the photoelectric conversion cell 10, and a plurality of fingers 31 extending from the busbar 32 in the first direction.
[0083] The first wiring 440 may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 26 of a photoelectric conversion cell 10 located at one end of the plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10. The first wiring 440 may be directly connected to the second electrode layer 26, or it may be connected to the current collector electrode 30, particularly the busbar 32, on the second electrode layer 26. In this case, the first extraction electrode 52 of the photoelectric conversion module 100 is composed of the second electrode layer 24, the current collector electrode 30, or the busbar 32. The first wiring 440 may be positioned toward the light-receiving side of the module array 420, i.e., the side to which the excitation light is irradiated.
[0084] The second wiring 460 may be connected to the first electrode layer 22 of the photoelectric conversion cell 10 located at the other end of the plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10, that is, the end opposite to the first wiring 440. In this case, the second extraction electrode 54 of the photoelectric conversion module 100 is formed by the first electrode layer 22. The second wiring 460 may be positioned facing away from the light-receiving surface of the module array 420.
[0085] In the third embodiment, it is preferable that the thickness T1 of the first wiring 440 in the thickness direction intersecting the light-receiving surface of the module array 420 is longer than the width W1 of the first wiring 440 in the direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the first wiring 440. This makes it possible to reduce the width W1 of the first wiring 440 while ensuring a large cross-sectional area of the first wiring 440. By reducing the width W1 of the first wiring 440, the area of the module array 420 that contributes to photoelectric conversion can be made larger.
[0086] The width of the second wiring 460 in the direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the second wiring 460 may be longer or shorter than the thickness of the second wiring 460. Since the second wiring 460 is located on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface of the module array 420, it does not block the excitation light irradiated toward the light-receiving surface.
[0087] It should be noted that the structure for sharing the first wiring 440 and / or the second wiring 460 between adjacent photoelectric conversion modules 100 can be implemented in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
[0088] [Fourth Embodiment] The power generation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 8. Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, showing a cross-section of the region corresponding to the cross-section shown in Figure 7. In the fourth embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for components similar to those in the third embodiment. Note that the description of components similar to those in the third embodiment may be omitted.
[0089] In the power generation device according to the fourth embodiment, the configuration of the light source 300, the module array 420, and each photoelectric conversion module 100 is the same as in the third embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the shapes of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are different from those in the third embodiment. In the fourth embodiment as well, the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 may each span across photoelectric conversion modules 100 adjacent to each other in the second direction.
[0090] In the fourth embodiment, the first wiring 440 has a protrusion 442 that projects toward the light irradiation side from the light-receiving surface of the module array 420. Preferably, the protrusion 442 has a shape that becomes thinner the further it is from the light-receiving surface. For example, the protrusion 442 of the first wiring 440 may have a triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first wiring 440.
[0091] In this case, if the excitation light is irradiated at a slight angle with respect to the light-receiving surface of the module array 420, a portion of the excitation light directed toward the region of the photoelectric conversion cell 10 that contributes to photoelectric conversion may reach the photoelectric conversion cell 10 without being shielded by the first wiring 440. Therefore, the decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency due to shielding of the excitation light by the first wiring 440 can be suppressed.
[0092] The second wiring 460 may be provided on the side of the module array 420 opposite to the light-receiving surface. In the fourth embodiment, gaps are provided between adjacent photoelectric conversion modules 100, and a portion of the second wiring 460 protrudes from the gap toward the light-receiving surface of the module array 420. Thus, the second wiring 460 may have a convex portion 462 that protrudes toward the light irradiation side from the light-receiving surface of the module array 420. In this case, it is preferable that the convex portion 462 has a shape that becomes thinner the further it is from the light-receiving surface. For example, the convex portion 462 of the second wiring 460 may have a triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the second wiring 460.
[0093] More preferably, at least one, preferably both, sides of the protrusions 442 of the first wiring 440 and 462 of the second wiring 460 have reflective surfaces that reflect light. In this case, when excitation light strikes the protrusions 442 of the first wiring 440 and / or the protrusions 462 of the second wiring 460, the excitation light is reflected. A portion of the excitation light reflected by the protrusions 442 and / or 462 can reach the photoelectric conversion layer 26 in the photoelectric conversion cell 10, i.e., the region that contributes to photoelectric conversion. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0094] In the fourth embodiment, as described above, the second wiring 460 has a protrusion 462 that projects toward the light irradiation side from the light-receiving surface of the module array 420. Alternatively, in the fourth embodiment as well, the second wiring 460 may not have a protrusion 462, similar to the third embodiment.
[0095] [Fifth Embodiment] The power generation device according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 9 and 10. Figure 9 is a schematic plan view of the power generation device according to the fifth embodiment. Figure 10 is a schematic plan view of one photoelectric conversion module included in the power generation device according to the fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for components similar to those in the first embodiment. Note that the description of components similar to those in the first embodiment may be omitted.
[0096] In the power generation device according to the fifth embodiment, the light source 300 and the patterns of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are the same as in the first embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, the structure of each photoelectric conversion module 100 (the laminated structure excluding the external shape of the photoelectric conversion module) may be the same as in the first embodiment. Alternatively, the structure of each photoelectric conversion module 100 (the laminated structure excluding the external shape of the photoelectric conversion module) may be the same as in the third embodiment.
[0097] In the fifth embodiment, the external shape of at least one of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100d differs from that of the first embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, the outer edge 102 of the photoelectric conversion module 100d located at the end of the module array 420 extends along the external shape of the module array 420 such that the overall shape of the module array 420 is substantially circular or substantially elliptical.
[0098] In the example shown in Figure 9, the module array 420 has a generally circular shape. The photoelectric conversion module 100 located near the center of the module array 420 has a rectangular or square shape. On the other hand, the outer edge 102 of the photoelectric conversion module 100d located at the edge of the module array 420 is curved along the circular outline of the module array 420. In other words, the photoelectric conversion module 100d located at the edge of the module array 420 has a roughly fan-shaped form.
[0099] The photoelectric conversion module 100d, which has a roughly fan-shaped form, may have a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10 arranged in a second direction, similar to the first and third embodiments (see Figure 10). In Figure 10, the partitions separating each photoelectric conversion cell 10 are indicated by the symbol B. Here, the partitions separating each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may be defined by grooves P1, P2, and P3, as in the first embodiment. Alternatively, the partitions separating each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may be defined by structurally separated parts, as in the third embodiment.
[0100] In the fifth embodiment, the lengths of the photoelectric conversion cells 10 in the first direction intersecting the second direction (length in the X-axis direction) are different from each other. In the fifth embodiment, the length of the photoelectric conversion cells 10 in the second direction (length in the Y-axis direction) is longer the shorter the length of the photoelectric conversion cells 10 in the first direction (length in the X-axis direction). As a result, the areas of the multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10 are made uniform when viewed from the direction of the light-receiving surface. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the decrease in output current that occurs when the area of a certain photoelectric conversion cell 10 becomes smaller.
[0101] [Sixth Embodiment] The power generation device according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 11 and 12. Figure 11 is a schematic plan view of the power generation device according to the sixth embodiment. Figure 12 is a schematic plan view of one photoelectric conversion module included in the power generation device according to the sixth embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for components similar to those in the first embodiment. Note that the description of components similar to those in the first embodiment may be omitted.
[0102] In the power generation device according to the sixth embodiment, the light source 300 and the patterns of the first wiring 440 and the second wiring 460 are the same as in the first embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, the structure of each photoelectric conversion module 100 (the laminated structure excluding the external shape of the photoelectric conversion module) may be the same as in the first embodiment. Alternatively, the structure of each photoelectric conversion module 100 (the laminated structure excluding the external shape of the photoelectric conversion module) may be the same as in the third embodiment.
[0103] In the sixth embodiment, the external shape of at least one of the multiple photoelectric conversion modules 100e differs from that of the first embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, the outer edge 102 of the photoelectric conversion module 100e located at the end of the module array 420 extends along the external shape of the module array 420 such that the overall shape of the module array 420 is substantially elliptical.
[0104] In the example shown in Figure 11, the module array 420 has a generally elliptical shape. The photoelectric conversion module 100 located near the center of the module array 420 has a rectangular or square shape. On the other hand, the outer edge 102 of the photoelectric conversion module 100e located at the edge of the module array 420 is curved along the circular outline of the module array 420.
[0105] The photoelectric conversion module 100e located at the end of the module array 420 may have a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells 10 arranged in a second direction, similar to the first and third embodiments (see Figure 12). In Figure 12, the partitions separating each photoelectric conversion cell 10 are indicated by the symbol B. Here, the partitions separating each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may be defined by grooves P1, P2, and P3, as in the first embodiment. Alternatively, the partitions separating each photoelectric conversion cell 10 may be defined by structurally separated parts, as in the third embodiment.
[0106] In the sixth embodiment, the lengths of the photoelectric conversion cells 10 in the first direction intersecting the second direction (length in the X-axis direction) are different from each other. In the sixth embodiment, the length of the photoelectric conversion cells 10 in the second direction (length in the Y-axis direction) is longer the shorter the length of the photoelectric conversion cells 10 in the first direction (length in the X-axis direction). As a result, the areas of the multiple photoelectric conversion cells 10 are made uniform when viewed from the direction of the light-receiving surface. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the decrease in output current that occurs when the area of a certain photoelectric conversion cell 10 becomes smaller.
[0107] As described above, the scope of the present invention has been disclosed through embodiments, but the descriptions and drawings that constitute part of this disclosure should not be understood as limiting the invention. Various alternative embodiments, examples, and operational techniques will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is defined solely by the inventive features relating to the claims that are reasonable from the above description.
[0108] Each feature described in the aforementioned embodiments can be applied to or replaced with those of other embodiments as much as possible.
[0109] This application claims priority under Japanese Patent Application No. 2025-020354, filed on 10 February 2025, the entire contents of said patent application are incorporated herein by reference.
Claims
1. A power generation device that converts the energy of excitation light emitted from a light source into electrical energy, comprising: a module array including a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules; and a first wiring; wherein the module array includes a first photoelectric conversion module and a second photoelectric conversion module adjacent to each other in a second direction; each of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module has a first extraction electrode and a second extraction electrode having the opposite polarity to the first extraction electrode; the first extraction electrodes of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module face each other and have the same polarity; and the first wiring spans the first extraction electrodes of the first photoelectric conversion module and the second photoelectric conversion module.
2. The power generation device according to claim 1, comprising a first module row including a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules arranged in a first direction intersecting the second direction, wherein the first module row includes the first photoelectric conversion modules, the plurality of photoelectric conversion modules included in the first module row are arranged so that the end having the same polarity as the first extraction electrode of the first photoelectric conversion module faces the same direction, and the first wiring extends in the first direction from a photoelectric conversion module located at one end of the first module row to a photoelectric conversion module located at the other end of the first module row.
3. The power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power generation device has a second wiring, the second extraction electrode of the second photoelectric conversion module is provided at the end of the second photoelectric conversion module opposite to the first extraction electrode, and the second wiring is connected to the second extraction electrode of the second photoelectric conversion module.
4. The power generation device according to claim 3, having a second module row including a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules arranged in a first direction intersecting the second direction, wherein the second module row includes the second photoelectric conversion modules, the plurality of photoelectric conversion modules included in the second module row are arranged so that the end having the same polarity as the second extraction electrode of the second photoelectric conversion module faces the same direction, and the second wiring extends in the first direction from a photoelectric conversion module located at one end of the second module row to a photoelectric conversion module located at the other end of the second module row.
5. The power generation device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the first wiring is drawn out from the module array to one side in a first direction intersecting the second direction, and the second wiring is drawn out from the module array to the other side in the first direction.
6. The power generation device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the module array has a third photoelectric conversion module, the third photoelectric conversion module is adjacent to the second photoelectric conversion module in the second direction and is located on the opposite side of the second photoelectric conversion module from the first photoelectric conversion module with respect to the second photoelectric conversion module, the third photoelectric conversion module has a second extraction electrode having the same polarity as the second extraction electrode of the second photoelectric conversion module, the second extraction electrodes of the second photoelectric conversion module and the third photoelectric conversion module, having the same polarity as each other, face each other, and the second wiring spans the second extraction electrodes of the second photoelectric conversion module and the third photoelectric conversion module.
7. The power generation device according to claim 6, wherein the third photoelectric conversion module has a first extraction electrode having the opposite polarity to the second extraction electrode of the third photoelectric conversion module, the first extraction electrode of the third photoelectric conversion module is provided at the end opposite to the second extraction electrode of the third photoelectric conversion module, and the first wiring is connected to the first extraction electrode of the third photoelectric conversion module.
8. The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the thickness of the first wiring in the thickness direction intersecting the light-receiving surface of the module array is longer than the width of the first wiring in a direction intersecting both the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the first wiring.
9. The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first wiring has a protrusion that extends toward the light irradiation side from the light receiving surface of the module array, and the protrusion has a shape that becomes thinner the further it is from the light receiving surface.
10. The power generation device according to claim 9, wherein the protrusion has a triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first wiring.
11. The power generation device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the side surface of the convex portion has a reflective surface that reflects light.
12. The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein at least one of the plurality of photoelectric conversion modules included in the module array includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells arranged in the second direction, and the plurality of photoelectric conversion cells are electrically connected in series.
13. The power generation device according to claim 12, wherein at least one of the plurality of photoelectric conversion modules included in the module array includes two or more and 60 or fewer photoelectric conversion cells.
14. The power generation device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the lengths of the plurality of photoelectric conversion cells in the first direction intersecting the second direction are different from each other, and the length of the photoelectric conversion cells in the second direction is longer as the length of the photoelectric conversion cells in the first direction becomes shorter.
15. The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the outer edges of the photoelectric conversion modules located at the ends of the module array extend along the outer shape of the module array such that the overall shape of the module array is substantially circular or substantially elliptical.
16. A power generation system comprising a power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and a light source for irradiating the power generation device with excitation light.
17. A method for generating electricity, comprising irradiating an excitation light toward a power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 15.