Apparatus for evaluating visibility of transparent electronic device and method therefor
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images
Figure KR2025020933_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Device for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device and method thereof
[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device, which can effectively evaluate the visibility of a transparent electronic device by utilizing the optical characteristics of the transparent electronic device, by outputting an electromagnetic field distribution through FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) simulation of the transparent electronic device, converting the output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain through FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) to visualize it in the form of a spectrum, analyzing the visual effect through the energy distribution according to the diffraction order, and then evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle.
[0002] This invention was carried out with the support of a research project supported by the Ministry of Education and managed by the Korea Institute for Industrial Technology Advancement (KIAT) (Project No.: 2023-Jochi-Graduate-03, Research Project Name: National Hanbat University Early Employment Type Contract Department Leading University (Graduate) Development Project, Research Name: (202502220001)(2025 Early Employment Type Contract Department Industry-Academic R&D Project)).
[0003]
[0004] As is well known, transparent electronic devices are a technology that can be utilized in various application fields such as displays, antennas, and sensors. Transparent displays, characterized by their transparent screen that allows the background to be seen, can be used in fields such as commercial advertising, smart windows, and augmented reality (AR) devices, and technologies such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and micro-LEDs are known to play an important role in the development of transparent displays.
[0005] In addition, a transparent antenna is an antenna that provides transparency while maintaining the function of receiving or transmitting radio waves. It can be integrated mainly into vehicle windows, smart windows, and wearable devices to simultaneously satisfy aesthetics and functionality, and can be implemented using transparent conductive materials such as nanowires and graphene.
[0006] To simultaneously satisfy transparency and performance for these transparent electronic devices, new materials and process technologies are being developed. For example, conductive oxides (TCOs), flexible transparent materials, and nanomaterials are being actively researched, and studies are also underway to improve energy efficiency and durability.
[0007] Meanwhile, the visibility of transparent electronic devices is an important characteristic that evaluates not only the device's performance but also how clearly a user can perceive the background seen through the device. It refers to the degree to which the device appears transparent and unobtrusive to the eye when actually viewed, due to high transmittance and low interference and scattering. For example, transparency, diffraction and scattering, color distortion, residual images and reflections, and the uniformity of the device structure are known to be important factors affecting visibility.
[0008] Here, since the transparent electronic device is composed of fine patterns, light may diffract and scatter at specific angles or directions, which can affect visibility.
[0009] Meanwhile, to evaluate the performance efficiency of transparent electrodes, numerical indicators of FoM (Figure of Merit) as shown in Equation 1 below are used, and are typically defined using the definition according to the Haacke method as shown in Equation 2 below.
[0010]
[0011]
[0012] Here, T550nm represents the transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm, and Rsheet represents the sheet resistance of the surface mesh structure.
[0013] In the above mathematical formulas, low sheet resistance and high transmittance are required to obtain excellent characteristics of the transparent electrode, and as FoM increases, it can be evaluated as a transparent electrode with superior characteristics.
[0014] As such, conventionally, efficiency indicators for transparent electrodes have been used based on how much the trade-off of the transparent electrode has been improved; however, since no technology has been proposed to evaluate the visibility of transparent electronic devices with fine patterns, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can accurately evaluate the visibility of transparent electronic devices by utilizing the optical properties of the transparent electrode device.
[0015]
[0016] [Prior Art Literature]
[0017] (Patent Document) 1. Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1234450 (Registered on Feb. 12, 2013)
[0018]
[0019] The present invention aims to provide an apparatus and method for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device that can effectively evaluate visibility using the optical characteristics of the transparent electronic device by outputting an electromagnetic field distribution through FDTD simulation of the transparent electronic device, converting the output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain through FFT and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum, analyzing the visual effect through the energy distribution according to the diffraction order, and then evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle.
[0020]
[0021] The purposes of the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned purposes will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.
[0022]
[0023] According to one aspect of the present invention, a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device may be provided, comprising: a simulation unit that outputs an electromagnetic field distribution of the transparent electronic device through FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) simulation of the transparent electronic device; a diffraction analysis unit that analyzes visual effects through an energy distribution according to the diffraction order by converting the output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain through FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum; and a visibility evaluation unit that evaluates the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on a viewing angle by receiving the analysis result of the diffraction analysis unit.
[0024] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device may be provided, wherein the simulation unit analyzes the electromagnetic wave characteristics generated in the fine pattern of the transparent electronic device through the FDTD simulation, and outputs the electromagnetic field distribution by dividing the space into a three-dimensional mesh grid and calculating the electric field and magnetic field at each point of the grid using Maxwell's equations over time.
[0025] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device may be provided, wherein the diffraction analysis unit converts the electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain into a spatial diffraction energy spectrum through the FFT and extracts energy for each diffraction order.
[0026] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device may be provided, wherein the visibility evaluation unit calculates the visibility based on the analysis results, the geometric mean of the visible light frontal transmittance, the vertical viewing angle and the horizontal viewing angle, the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the Nth-order diffraction energy, and the total amount of the total diffraction energy.
[0027]
[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device may be provided, comprising: a step of outputting an electromagnetic field distribution of the transparent electronic device through FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) simulation of the transparent electronic device in a simulation unit; a step of analyzing visual effects through an energy distribution according to the diffraction order by converting the output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain through FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) in a diffraction analysis unit and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum; and a step of evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle by receiving the analysis result of the diffraction analysis unit in a visibility evaluation unit.
[0029] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device may be provided, wherein the step of outputting the electromagnetic field distribution involves analyzing the electromagnetic wave characteristics generated in the fine pattern of the transparent electronic device through the FDTD simulation in the simulation unit, dividing the space into a three-dimensional mesh grid, and outputting the electromagnetic field distribution by calculating the electric field and magnetic field at each point of the grid using Maxwell's equations over time.
[0030] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the step of analyzing the visual effect may provide a method for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device, wherein the electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain in the diffraction analysis unit is converted into a spatial diffraction energy spectrum through the FFT to extract energy for each diffraction order.
[0031] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device may be provided, wherein the step of evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device involves calculating the visibility based on the analysis results in the visibility evaluation unit, the geometric mean of the visible light frontal transmittance, the vertical viewing angle and the horizontal viewing angle, the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the Nth-order diffraction energy, and the total amount of the total diffraction energy.
[0032]
[0033] The present invention can effectively evaluate visibility using the optical characteristics of a transparent electronic device by outputting an electromagnetic field distribution through FDTD simulation of the transparent electronic device, converting the output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain via FFT and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum, analyzing the visual effect through the energy distribution according to the diffraction order, and then evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle.
[0034]
[0035] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and
[0036] FIGS. 2 to 8 are drawings for explaining the detailed configuration of a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and
[0037] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the process of evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[0038]
[0039] The advantages and features of the embodiments of the present invention, and the methods for achieving them, will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same components.
[0040] In describing the embodiments of the present invention, specific descriptions of known functions or configurations will be omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions could unnecessarily obscure the essence of the invention. Furthermore, the terms described below are defined in consideration of their functions in the embodiments of the present invention, and these definitions may vary depending on the intentions or practices of the user or operator. Therefore, such definitions should be based on the content throughout this specification.
[0041] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
[0042]
[0043] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 to 8 are drawings for explaining the detailed configuration of a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0044]
[0045] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 8, a visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a simulation unit (110), a diffraction analysis unit (120), a visibility evaluation unit (130), etc.
[0046]
[0047] The simulation unit (110) is a component that outputs the electromagnetic field distribution of a transparent electronic device through FDTD simulation of the transparent electronic device. It analyzes the electromagnetic wave characteristics generated in the fine pattern of the transparent electronic device through FDTD simulation, and can output the electromagnetic field distribution by dividing the space into a three-dimensional mesh grid and calculating the electric field and magnetic field at each point of the grid using Maxwell's equations over time.
[0048] Here, regarding diffraction, an optical characteristic of transparent electronic devices, diffraction is a phenomenon in which waves bend around behind an obstacle. This property occurs because light is a wave, not a particle. The degree of diffraction is influenced by the size of the slit and the wavelength. As shown in Figure 2, diffraction occurs more when the wavelength is longer relative to the size of the slit. When the wavelength is constant, diffraction occurs more easily when the size is smaller, so that a wave with a straight wavefront spreads out into a shape close to a semicircle when passing through a narrow slit.
[0049] Here, in the case of single-slit diffraction, the angle at which the first minimum occurs can be calculated by the ratio of the slit width to the wavelength, and interference may occur due to the phase difference of the light originating from the slit entrance, which can form bright and dark interference fringes.
[0050] In addition, regarding the diffraction characteristics in a display, as shown in Fig. 3, diffraction can occur when the size of the pattern is close to the wavelength of light. When diffraction occurs in a display, colors may appear separated, and as the pixel size becomes smaller with higher resolution, diffraction phenomena depending on the wavelength may occur more frequently.
[0051] To maintain consistent quality of transparent electronic devices with these optical properties, the goal should be to widely spread higher-order diffraction energies and lower their energy.
[0052] Meanwhile, the simulation unit (110) can output the electromagnetic field distribution of the transparent electronic device through FDTD simulation of the transparent electronic device, FDTD simulation is a technique that simulates changes in electric and magnetic fields by dividing space and time into a grid, and can dynamically calculate how waves propagate, scatter, and absorb over time.
[0053] Through such FDTD simulations, the electromagnetic field distribution over time can be obtained and output.
[0054] In addition, FDTD simulation establishes a fine mesh grid by considering the size of the fine pattern and the wavelength of light, accurately models the fine pattern of the transparent electronic device (e.g., nanometer-sized line width, periodic array, etc.), and then can incident visible light or light of a specific wavelength at various angles of incidence.
[0055] For example, FDTD simulation divides space into a 3D mesh grid divided into Δx, Δy, and Δz, calculates the electric field (E) and magnetic field (H) over time at each point of the grid, and can calculate the electric and magnetic fields alternately using the difference form of Maxwell's equations. Here, the electric field is calculated at one time step, the magnetic field is calculated at the next time step, and the two fields can be updated alternately over time.
[0056] In addition, the electric field and the magnetic field are defined at different locations in three-dimensional space. In the Yee Cell lattice structure as shown in Fig. 4, the electric field is defined at the edges of the lattice and the magnetic field is defined at the faces of the lattice, so that the electric field and the magnetic field can be made orthogonal to each other according to Maxwell's equations.
[0057] Here, the electric field is generated by the temporal change of the magnetic field, and the magnetic field is generated by the temporal change of the electric field; as the two fields intersect, electromagnetic waves can propagate over time and space.
[0058] As described above, the electromagnetic field distribution of the transparent electronic device can be output through FDTD simulation, and the diffraction energy of the transparent electronic device can be measured through post-processing (i.e., performing FFT of the diffraction analysis unit (120)).
[0059]
[0060] The diffraction analysis unit (120) is a component that analyzes visual effects through energy distribution according to diffraction order by converting the electromagnetic field distribution output through the simulation unit (110) into the frequency domain through FFT and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum, and can extract energy for each diffraction order by converting the electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain into a spatial diffraction energy spectrum through FFT.
[0061] This diffraction analysis unit (120) can provide frequency information for a signal by converting it into individual spectral components through an FFT as shown in FIG. 5. The FFT can convert the electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain output from the simulation unit (110) into the frequency domain and convert it into a diffraction energy spectrum, and the result of the conversion can show how energy is distributed according to the frequency of light. In this process, the intensity of light diffracted in a specific direction can be visualized in the form of a spectrum.
[0062] By performing a spatial FFT as described above, the spatial frequency of waves diffracted in a specific direction can be analyzed, and this allows for the verification of the diffraction efficiency at a specific angle related to the structural period of the transparent electronic device.
[0063] In addition, the diffraction analysis unit (120) can calculate the diffraction energy distribution according to the diffraction order, can classify light emitted from a transparent electronic device at a specific angle according to the diffraction order, and can quantitatively calculate the diffraction energy of the light emitted at each diffraction order.
[0064] For example, the diffraction analysis unit (120) receives the electromagnetic field distribution output through FDTD simulation, extracts it in the form of a Fld file (Near-Field data), and performs FFT to convert the electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain into the spatial frequency domain, and then converts it into data in the Far-Field domain. It can analyze the electric field strength for each specific diffraction order in the spatial frequency domain and evaluate the diffraction energy and diffraction energy spectrum through this.
[0065] To explain in detail, when FullWave FDTD simulation is performed to acquire and output E(x,y) data (i.e., electromagnetic field distribution) in the Near-Field region, a 2D FFT is performed to convert it to the frequency domain, and k in the Far-Field region x , k y (Spatial frequency) components can be extracted, and k x , k y Using the values, the diffraction order (m, n) can be obtained and analyzed according to the following mathematical formula 3.
[0066]
[0067] Next, the diffraction energy can be calculated according to the following Equation 4 using the electric field strength at the diffraction order obtained through the above Equation 3.
[0068]
[0069]
[0070] Meanwhile, the diffraction analysis unit (120) can provide the analysis results (e.g., diffraction energy spectrum, diffraction energy distribution by diffraction order, visible light frontal transmittance, ratio of maximum and minimum values of Nth-order diffraction energy, total amount of total diffraction energy, etc.) analyzed through the process described above to the visibility evaluation unit (130).
[0071]
[0072] The visibility evaluation unit (130) is a component that evaluates the visibility of a transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle by receiving the analysis results from the diffraction analysis unit (120). Using the analysis results, it can calculate the visibility based on the frontal transmittance of visible light, the geometric mean of the vertical viewing angle and the horizontal viewing angle, the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the Nth-order diffraction energy, and the total amount of the total diffraction energy.
[0073] Here, the viewing angle of a display is the angle at which the image quality can be viewed without distortion when looking at the screen. Since light spreads forward in LCDs, if this range is narrow, it may not be visible normally even if one moves slightly away from the front. This viewing angle can be defined as the point where the C / R (Contrast Ratio) becomes 10:1. Here, FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the viewing angle of a display corresponding to a wide viewing angle and the viewing angle of a conventional general display.
[0074] Meanwhile, the visibility evaluation unit (130) can evaluate the visibility of a transparent electronic device by receiving the analysis results of the diffraction analysis unit (120) and considering the geometric mean of the vertical and horizontal viewing angles of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle, and can evaluate the visibility according to FoM (Visibility) as shown in Equation 5 below.
[0075]
[0076] Here, as the frontal transmittance of visible light increases, transparency increases and visibility may increase; as the geometric mean of the vertical and horizontal viewing angles increases, the viewing angle widens and visibility may increase; as the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the Nth-order diffraction energy approaches 1, the diffraction energy spreads evenly and visibility may increase; and as the total amount of total diffraction energy decreases, light is transmitted without scattering, and as more light is transmitted, the frontal transmittance (i.e., 0th-order diffraction energy) increases, thereby increasing transparency and visibility may increase.
[0077]
[0078] To explain the simulation of the visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention as described above, a graph of the 0-degree visible light transmittance measured using LightTools is shown in FIG. 7, and as shown in FIG. 8, FDTD results are obtained using Rsoft, and FFT is performed on the results to extract energy by diffraction order, and visibility can be evaluated by substituting these results into Equation 3 above.
[0079] As described above, by providing a visibility evaluation index that has not been proposed in the past, the visibility of transparent electronic devices can be accurately evaluated based on viewing angle, diffraction, and transmittance, moving beyond simple transmittance-based evaluation.
[0080] The visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various fields of transparent electronic devices, such as transparent displays and transparent antennas, and enables the design of transparent electronic devices considering visibility, thereby allowing it to be utilized in the development of optical components, electronic components, etc.
[0081] In addition, by utilizing simulations to quantitatively evaluate and determine visibility in advance before entering the physical production stage, unnecessary manufacturing processes can be reduced. Furthermore, there is an advantage in securing product competitiveness through high-precision visibility evaluation and optimization, which enables expansion into various electronic application fields.
[0082]
[0083] Accordingly, according to one embodiment of the present invention, by outputting an electromagnetic field distribution through FDTD simulation of a transparent electronic device, converting the output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain through FFT and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum, and then analyzing the visual effect through the energy distribution according to the diffraction order and evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle, the visibility can be effectively evaluated using the optical characteristics of the transparent electronic device.
[0084]
[0085] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the process of evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Here, since the specific technical details of the process of evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device have been described in detail in one embodiment of the present invention, only a general process will be described below.
[0086]
[0087] Referring to FIG. 9, the electromagnetic field distribution of a transparent electronic device can be output through FDTD simulation of the transparent electronic device in the simulation unit (110) (step 210).
[0088] In the step (210) of outputting the electromagnetic field distribution, the electromagnetic wave characteristics generated in the fine pattern of the transparent electronic device are analyzed through FDTD simulation in the simulation unit (110), and the electromagnetic field distribution can be output by dividing the space into a three-dimensional mesh grid and calculating the electric field and magnetic field at each point of the grid using Maxwell's equations over time.
[0089]
[0090] And, the visual effect can be analyzed through the energy distribution according to the diffraction order by converting the electromagnetic field distribution output from the simulation unit (110) in the diffraction analysis unit (120) into the frequency domain through FFT and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum (step 220).
[0091] In the step (220) of analyzing the above visual effects, the electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain in the diffraction analysis unit (120) can be converted into a spatial diffraction energy spectrum through FFT to extract energy for each diffraction order.
[0092]
[0093] Next, the visibility evaluation unit (130) receives the analysis results from the diffraction analysis unit (120) and can evaluate the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle (step 230).
[0094] In the step (230) of evaluating the visibility of the above transparent electronic device, the visibility can be calculated based on the frontal transmittance of visible light, the geometric mean of the vertical viewing angle and the horizontal viewing angle, the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the Nth-order diffraction energy, and the total amount of the total diffraction energy using the analysis results from the visibility evaluation unit (130).
[0095]
[0096] Accordingly, according to another embodiment of the present invention, by outputting an electromagnetic field distribution through FDTD simulation of a transparent electronic device, converting the output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain through FFT and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum, and then analyzing the visual effect through the energy distribution according to the diffraction order and evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle, the visibility can be effectively evaluated using the optical characteristics of the transparent electronic device.
[0097]
[0098] Although various embodiments of the present invention have been presented and described in the above description, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will readily understand that various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention.
[0099]
[0100] [Explanation of the symbol]
[0101] 110 : Simulation section
[0102] 120 : Diffraction analysis unit
[0103] 130 : Visibility Evaluation Department
Claims
1. A simulation unit that outputs the electromagnetic field distribution of the transparent electronic device through FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) simulation of the transparent electronic device; A diffraction analysis unit that analyzes visual effects through energy distribution according to diffraction order by converting the above-mentioned output electromagnetic field distribution into the frequency domain through FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum; and A visibility evaluation unit that evaluates the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle by receiving the analysis results of the above-mentioned diffraction analysis unit; A visibility evaluation device for a transparent electronic device including 2. In Claim 1, The above simulation unit is, Analyze the electromagnetic wave characteristics generated in the fine pattern of the transparent electronic device through the above FDTD simulation, wherein the space is divided into a three-dimensional mesh grid and the electromagnetic field distribution is output by calculating the electric and magnetic fields at each point of the grid using Maxwell's equations over time. Visibility evaluation device for transparent electronic devices.
3. In Claim 2, The above diffraction analysis unit is, The above electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain is converted into a spatial diffraction energy spectrum through the above FFT to extract energy for each diffraction order. Visibility evaluation device for transparent electronic devices.
4. In Claim 3, The above visibility evaluation unit is, Using the above analysis results, the visibility is calculated according to the visible light frontal transmittance, the geometric mean of the vertical and horizontal viewing angles, the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the Nth-order diffraction energy, and the total amount of the total diffraction energy. Visibility evaluation device for transparent electronic devices.
5. A step of outputting the electromagnetic field distribution of the transparent electronic device through FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) simulation of the transparent electronic device in the simulation unit; A step of analyzing visual effects through energy distribution according to diffraction order by converting the electromagnetic field distribution output from the diffraction analysis unit into the frequency domain through FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) and visualizing it in the form of a spectrum; and A step of receiving the analysis results of the diffraction analysis unit from the visibility evaluation unit and evaluating the visibility of the transparent electronic device based on the viewing angle; A method for evaluating the visibility of a transparent electronic device including 6. In Claim 5, The step of outputting the above electromagnetic field distribution is, The simulation unit analyzes the electromagnetic wave characteristics generated in the fine pattern of the transparent electronic device through the FDTD simulation, and outputs the electromagnetic field distribution by dividing the space into a three-dimensional mesh grid and calculating the electric and magnetic fields at each point of the grid using Maxwell's equations over time. Method for evaluating the visibility of transparent electronic devices.
7. In Claim 6, The step of analyzing the above visual effects is, The above diffraction analysis unit converts the electromagnetic field distribution in the time domain into a spatial diffraction energy spectrum through the FFT to extract energy for each diffraction order. Method for evaluating the visibility of transparent electronic devices.
8. In Claim 7, The step of evaluating the visibility of the above transparent electronic device is, The above visibility evaluation unit calculates the visibility based on the above analysis results, the geometric mean of the visible light frontal transmittance, the vertical and horizontal viewing angles, the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the Nth-order diffraction energy, and the total amount of the total diffraction energy. Method for evaluating the visibility of transparent electronic devices.