Charging monitoring apparatus and operation method thereof

Abstract

A charging monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment disclosed in the present document may comprise: an interface that acquires voltage values of a battery measured during a charging process in which a charging interval and a rest interval are repeated; and a controller that calculates a first internal resistance of the battery on the basis of the difference between a first voltage value of the battery measured at a first time point associated with a first rest interval and a second voltage value of the battery measured at a second time point after a first deviation from the first time point, calculates a second internal resistance of the battery on the basis of the difference between the second voltage value of the battery and a third voltage value of the battery measured at a third time point after a second deviation from the second time point, and calculates information associated with the first rest interval, on the basis of changes in each of the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance according to a change in SOC of the battery.

Description

Charging monitoring device and method of operation thereof

[0001] Cross-citation with related applications

[0002] The present invention claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0015820 filed on February 7, 2025, and includes all contents disclosed in the document of said Korean patent application as part of this specification.

[0003] Technology field

[0004] The embodiments disclosed in this document relate to a charging monitoring device and a method of operating the same.

[0005] Recently, active research and development on secondary batteries has been underway. Here, the term "secondary battery" refers to a rechargeable battery, encompassing conventional Ni / Cd and Ni / MH batteries as well as the more recent lithium-ion batteries. Among secondary batteries, lithium-ion batteries have the advantage of significantly higher energy density compared to conventional Ni / Cd and Ni / MH batteries. Furthermore, lithium-ion batteries can be manufactured in a compact and lightweight form factor, making them suitable for use as power sources for mobile devices. Recently, their scope of application has expanded to include electric vehicles, drawing attention as a next-generation energy storage medium.

[0006] As the industrial sectors utilizing batteries expand, Battery Management Systems (BMS) for diagnosing battery safety are also evolving. BMS can diagnose battery performance using various diagnostic algorithms and perform appropriate control based on the battery's condition. BMS can diagnose the presence of abnormal battery cells. Here, an abnormality can include any cause that may lead to ignition due to damage or aging of the battery itself. As an example of a method for diagnosing battery condition, the state of the battery can be assessed by monitoring information acquired during the charging or discharging process. If the charging monitoring information acquired during the charging of the battery under diagnosis differs from the charging information of a normal battery, the battery under diagnosis can be identified as having abnormal battery cells.

[0007] In order to monitor charging information, it is necessary to distinguish between the actual charging time and the duration during which charging is interrupted. Here, the duration during which charging is interrupted may include cases where a pause is inserted during the C-rate (current) change process based on the charging protocol, cases where charging is temporarily interrupted due to poor connection between the battery under diagnosis and the charger / discharger, and cases where charging is interrupted due to a device malfunction. In order to clearly identify the cause of the abnormality of the battery under diagnosis, it is necessary to clearly determine the duration during which charging is interrupted.

[0008] The technical problems of the embodiments disclosed in this document are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned technical problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

[0009] A charging monitoring device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document may include: an interface for acquiring a voltage value of a battery measured during a charging process that repeats a charging section and a resting section; and a controller for calculating a first internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between a first voltage value of the battery measured at a first time point associated with a first resting section and a second voltage value of the battery measured at a second time point after a first deviation from the first time point, calculating a second internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between the second voltage value of the battery and a third voltage value of the battery measured at a third time point after a second deviation from the second time point, and calculating information associated with the first resting section based on the change in each of the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance according to the change in the SOC of the battery.

[0010] In one embodiment, the controller generates a first profile including a correlation between the SOC of the battery and the first internal resistance according to the first deviation, generates a second profile including a correlation between the SOC of the battery and the second internal resistance according to the second deviation, and can calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile.

[0011] In one embodiment, the controller can identify, for each of the first profile and the second profile, a first target profile and a second target profile satisfying a specified condition, and calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the first target profile and the second target profile.

[0012] In one embodiment, the specified condition may include a condition in which the difference between the first profile and the second profile is below a threshold range, the first target profile may be a first profile based on a first deviation satisfying the specified condition, and the second target profile may be a second profile based on a second deviation satisfying the specified condition.

[0013] In one embodiment, the controller can generate a diagnostic profile including a correlation between the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance based on the first target profile and the second target profile, and calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic profile.

[0014] In one embodiment, the controller generates the diagnostic profile including the correlation between the first deviation corresponding to the first target profile and the second deviation corresponding to the second target profile, and calculates the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic profile and the change amount of the second deviation according to the change amount of the first deviation.

[0015] In one embodiment, the controller can calculate a diagnostic value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic value.

[0016] In one embodiment, the diagnostic value may include a slope value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and the controller calculates the duration of the first rest period according to the slope value based on Equation 1, and Equation 1 may be duration = a * slope value + b (a and b are constants).

[0017] In one embodiment, the first time point corresponds to the start time of the first pause period, the second time point corresponds to the end time of the first pause period, and the third time point may correspond to any time point included in the charging period immediately after the first pause period.

[0018] A method of operation of a charging monitoring device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document may include: acquiring a voltage value of a battery measured during a charging process that repeats a charging section and a resting section; calculating a first internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between a first voltage value of the battery measured at a first time point related to a first resting section and a second voltage value of the battery measured at a second time point after a first deviation from the first time point; calculating a second internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between a second voltage value of the battery and a third voltage value of the battery measured at a third time point after a second deviation from the second time point; and calculating information related to the first resting section based on the change in each of the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance according to the change in the SOC of the battery.

[0019] In one embodiment, the operation of calculating information related to the first rest period based on the change in each of the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance according to the change in the SOC of the battery may include the operation of generating a first profile including a correlation between the SOC of the battery and the first internal resistance according to the first deviation, the operation of generating a second profile including a correlation between the SOC of the battery and the second internal resistance according to the second deviation, and the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile.

[0020] In one embodiment, the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile may include, for each of the first profile and the second profile, the operation of identifying each of the first target profile and the second target profile that satisfy a specified condition, and the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first target profile and the second target profile.

[0021] In one embodiment, the specified condition may include a condition in which the difference between the first profile and the second profile is below a threshold range, the first target profile may be a first profile based on a first deviation satisfying the specified condition, and the second target profile may be a second profile based on a second deviation satisfying the specified condition.

[0022] In one embodiment, the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first target profile and the second target profile may include the operation of generating a diagnostic profile including a correlation between the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance based on the first target profile and the second target profile, and the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic profile.

[0023] In one embodiment, the operation of generating the diagnostic profile may include the operation of generating the diagnostic profile including a correlation between the first deviation corresponding to the first target profile and the second deviation corresponding to the second target profile, and the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic profile may include the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the change amount of the second deviation according to the change amount of the first deviation based on the diagnostic profile.

[0024] In one embodiment, the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the amount of change of the second deviation according to the amount of change of the first deviation based on the diagnostic profile may include the operation of calculating a diagnostic value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and the operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic value.

[0025] In one embodiment, the diagnostic value may include a slope value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and the operation of calculating the diagnostic value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation may include the operation of calculating the duration of the first resting period according to the slope value based on Equation 1, and Equation 1 may be duration = a * slope value + b (a and b are constants).

[0026] In one embodiment, the first time point corresponds to the start time of the first pause period, the second time point corresponds to the end time of the first pause period, and the third time point may correspond to any time point included in the charging period immediately after the first pause period.

[0027] The charging monitoring device and the method of operation thereof according to the various embodiments disclosed in this document can calculate the internal resistance based on the amount of change of voltage values ​​corresponding to specific points in time among the voltage values ​​measured during the process of charging a battery, and based on this, can predict the duration of the interruption of charging.

[0028] The effects of the charging monitoring device and the method of operation thereof disclosed in this document are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art in accordance with the disclosure of this document.

[0029] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging monitoring device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0030] FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 3 illustrate time-voltage graphs obtained during the process of charging a battery according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0031] FIG. 4 illustrates a first profile including a correlation between a first internal resistance and the SOC of a battery according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0032] FIG. 5 illustrates a second profile including the correlation between the second internal resistance and the SOC of the battery according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0033] FIGS. 6 to 8 illustrate a first target profile and a second target profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0034] FIGS. 9 to 11 illustrate a diagnostic profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0035] FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of a charging monitoring device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0036] FIG. 13 illustrates a computing system for executing operations of a charging monitoring device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0037] In relation to the description of the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals may be used for identical or similar components.

[0038] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, and / or alternatives of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] The embodiments of this document and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutions of said embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of said items unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0040] In this document, each of the phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B or C,” “at least one of A, B and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C” may include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as “first,” “second,” “first,” “second,” “A,” “B,” “(a),” or “(b)” may be used simply to distinguish a component from another component and, unless specifically stated otherwise, do not limit the components in any other aspect (e.g., importance or order).

[0041] In this document, where it is stated that any (e.g., 1) component is "connected," "coupled," or "joined" to another (e.g., 2) component, with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicationly," or where it is stated that the component is "coupled" or "connected," it means that the component may be connected to the other component directly (e.g., by wire or wirelessly) or indirectly (e.g., through a 3) component.

[0042] Methods according to the various embodiments disclosed in this document may be provided as part of a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded between a seller and a buyer as a product. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM) or distributed online (e.g., download or upload) through an application store or directly between two user devices. In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily created on a device-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or a relay server.

[0043] According to the embodiments disclosed in this document, each component (e.g., module or program) of the components described above may include a singular or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to the embodiments disclosed in this document, one or more of the components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Generally or additionally, multiple components (e.g., module or program) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the components of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as those performed by the corresponding components among the multiple components prior to the integration. According to the embodiments disclosed in this document, operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0044] The charging monitoring device can acquire a voltage value of the battery measured during a charging process that repeats charging and resting periods. The charging monitoring device can calculate a first internal resistance and a second internal resistance based on the difference between at least two voltage values ​​measured during the charging process. Based on the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance, the charging monitoring device can calculate information related to the resting period (e.g., duration of the resting period). Here, the resting period may refer to a resting period during a charging process that repeats charging and resting of the battery, may refer to a resting period inserted by a change in the C-rate (current rate), and may refer to a period of interruption when the battery charging is stopped (e.g., when charging is stopped by the user, or when charging is stopped due to a defect in the charger or other device).

[0045] In one embodiment, the charging monitoring device may be included in a BMS capable of diagnosing battery cells included in an electronic device (e.g., an electric vehicle), and operations performed by the charging monitoring device may be performed in the BMS. In one embodiment, the charging monitoring device may be included in a server or a charger / discharger capable of diagnosing battery cells outside the electronic device, and operations performed by the charging monitoring device may be performed in an external server or charger / discharger.

[0046] Hereinafter, operations performed in each of the components included in the charging monitoring device (10) will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11.

[0047] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging monitoring device (10) according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 illustrate time-voltage graphs obtained during the process of charging a battery according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 1, the charging monitoring device (10) may include one or more interfaces (100) and one or more controllers (102). According to an embodiment, the charging monitoring device (10) illustrated in FIG. 1 may further include at least one component (e.g., a display, an input device, or an output device) other than the components illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0049] The interface (100) can obtain a voltage value of the battery measured during a charging process that repeats charging and resting periods. Here, the charging process is a process in which the battery is charged based on a specified C-rate (current rate), and may include a process in which charging and resting periods proceed alternately.

[0050] The interface (100) can obtain a time-voltage graph including the correlation between the voltage of the battery and time measured during the battery charging process. Referring to FIG. 2, the interface (100) can obtain a time-voltage graph (20) including the correlation between the charging time and the voltage of the battery during the battery charging process.

[0051] According to an embodiment, the interface (100) can acquire a voltage value of the battery measured during the charging process in real time, and can also acquire a voltage value of the battery measured during a charging process performed in the past. According to various embodiments, the interface (100) may include various interface circuits for acquiring signals, information and / or data, such as sensors and communication circuits.

[0052] The controller (102) can calculate the first internal resistance of the battery based on the first voltage value of the battery measured at a first time point related to the first rest period and the second voltage value of the battery measured at a second time point after the first deviation from the first time point. Here, the first time point may correspond to the starting point where the first rest period begins. The second time point is any time point included in the first rest period and may be a time point after a certain amount of time (first deviation) from the first time point. The first deviation may correspond to the value obtained by subtracting the first time point from the second time point, and the maximum value of the first deviation may correspond to the duration of the first rest period. For example, if the first time point is 0 seconds and the duration of the first rest period is 1 second, the first deviation may be any value greater than 0 seconds and less than 1 second, and the second time point may correspond to any time point greater than 1 second and less than 2 seconds. The controller () can set a second time point by adjusting the value of the first deviation based on the first time point to values ​​less than the duration of the first rest period, and can calculate the first internal resistance based thereon. The specific calculation process of the first internal resistance will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 3.

[0053] According to an embodiment, the first pause period may refer to any pause period among a plurality of pause periods included in the charging process, and may also refer to a time period during which charging is interrupted due to various causes, such as poor connection between the charger / discharger and the battery or a malfunction of the charger / discharger, during the process of charging the battery.

[0054] The controller (102) can calculate the second internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between the second voltage value of the battery and the third voltage value of the battery measured at a third time point after the second deviation from the second time point. Here, the third time point may correspond to any time point included in the charging period immediately after the first rest period. The second deviation may correspond to the value obtained by subtracting the second time point from the third time point, and the minimum value of the second deviation may be set as the difference between the second time point and the end time of the first rest period so that the third time point is set to be the time point included in the charging period immediately after the first rest period. The controller (102) can set the third time point by adjusting the value of the second deviation based on the second time point to values ​​greater than the difference between the second time point and the end time of the first rest period, and can calculate the second internal resistance based thereon. The specific calculation process of the second internal resistance will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 3.

[0055] Referring to FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 3, if a portion (200) including the first resting period in the time-voltage graph (20) shown in FIGS. 2 is magnified, it can be illustrated as the time-voltage graph (30) of FIGS. 3.

[0056] Referring to the time-voltage graph (30) of FIG. 3, the controller (102) can calculate the first internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between the first voltage value (300) measured at the first time point (t1) associated with the first rest period and the second voltage value (302) corresponding to the second time point (t2) after the first deviation from the first time point (t1). Here, the first time point (t1) may correspond to the start time of the first rest period and the second time point (t2) may correspond to the end time of the first rest period. Specifically, the controller (102) can calculate the voltage change amount, which is the difference between the first voltage value (300) and the second voltage value (302), and calculate the current value based on a specified C-rate, and calculate the first internal resistance by dividing the voltage change amount by the calculated current. For example, assuming there is a pause period inserted in the interval where the C-rate is charged to 2.0C and then changed to 1.0C, the controller (102) can calculate a first internal resistance based on a current value based on 2.0C and the difference between a first voltage value at the start of the pause period and a second voltage value at the end of the pause period.

[0057] Additionally, referring to the time-voltage graph (30) of FIG. 3, the controller (102) can calculate the second internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between the second voltage value (302) and the third voltage value (304) corresponding to the third time point (t3) after the second deviation from the second time point (t2). For example, the controller (102) can calculate the voltage change amount, which is the difference between the second voltage value (302) and the third voltage value (304), and calculate the current value based on the specified C-rate, and calculate the second internal resistance by dividing the voltage change amount by the calculated current.

[0058] Below, a method for the controller (102) to calculate information related to the first pause section is described by distinguishing embodiments according to whether data for the first pause section exists or whether some data does not exist.

[0059] First embodiment: When data for the first pause interval exists

[0060] FIG. 4 illustrates a first profile including a correlation between a first internal resistance and the SOC of a battery according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. FIG. 5 illustrates a second profile including a correlation between a second internal resistance and the SOC of a battery according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. FIG. 6 through 8 illustrate a first target profile and a second target profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. FIG. 9 illustrates a diagnostic profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0061] The controller (102) can calculate information related to the first rest period based on changes in the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance, respectively, according to changes in the battery's State of Charge (SOC). Here, the information related to the first rest period may include information related to the duration of the first rest period.

[0062] In one embodiment, the controller (102) can generate a first profile including the correlation between the battery's SOC and the first internal resistance for each first deviation (i.e., for each first deviation value).

[0063] Referring to FIG. 4, the graph (40) of FIG. 4 may include a first profile when the first deviation is 0.1 seconds and 1.0 seconds, respectively. The graph (40) of FIG. 4 may include a first profile including a correlation between the SOC of the battery and the first internal resistance when the first deviation is 0.1 seconds, and a first profile including a correlation between the SOC of the battery and the first internal resistance when the first deviation is 1.0 seconds.

[0064] The controller (102) can generate a second profile including a correlation between the battery's SOC and a second internal resistance for each second deviation (i.e., for each second deviation value). Referring to FIG. 5, the graph (50) of FIG. 5 may include a second profile when the second deviation is 0.1 seconds to 9 seconds, respectively. For example, the graph (50) of FIG. 5 may include a second profile including a correlation between the battery's SOC and a second internal resistance when the second deviation is 0.1 seconds, and a second profile including a correlation between the battery's SOC and a second internal resistance when the second deviation is 9.0 seconds. The controller (102) can calculate the duration of a first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile.

[0065] In one embodiment, the controller (102) can identify a first target profile and a second target profile, each satisfying a specified condition for the first profile and the second profile, respectively. Here, the specified condition may include a condition in which the difference between the first profile and the second profile is below a threshold range.

[0066] Referring to FIGS. 4 and FIGS. 5, the controller (102) can compare a first profile included in the graph (40) of FIGS. 4 with a second profile included in the graph (50) of FIGS. 5. The controller (102) can identify each of the first target profile and the second target profile, in which the difference between the first profile included in the graph (40) of FIGS. 4 and the second profile included in the graph (50) of FIGS. 5 is below a threshold range.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 6, the graph (60) of FIG. 6 may include a first target profile and a second target profile. Referring to the graph (60) of FIG. 6, the controller (102) may determine that the difference between the first profile when the first deviation is 0.1 seconds and the second profile when the second deviation is 0.1 seconds is within a threshold range, and may identify the first profile when the first deviation is 0.1 seconds as the first target profile and identify the second profile when the second deviation is 0.1 seconds as the second target profile.

[0068] Likewise, the controller (102) can determine that the difference between the first profile when the first deviation is 1.0 second and the second profile when the second deviation is 6.0 second is within a threshold range, and can identify the first profile when the first deviation is 1.0 second as the first target profile and identify the second profile when the second deviation is 6.0 second as the second target profile.

[0069] FIG. 7 illustrates a graph (70) including a first profile and a second profile generated during the charging process based on a C-rate (e.g., 2.0C) and a different C-rate (e.g., 0.33C) for generating the graph (60) of FIG. 6. The method by which the controller (102) identifies a target profile based on the graph (70) of FIG. 7 is the same as the method by which the controller (102) identifies a target profile based on the graph (60) of FIG. 6, so the description is omitted.

[0070] In one embodiment, the controller (102) can generate a diagnostic profile based on a first target profile and a second target profile. The controller (102) can generate a diagnostic profile by matching a first deviation corresponding to the first target profile and a second deviation corresponding to the second target profile. For example, if three first target profiles and three second target profiles are identified, each of the three first target profiles can be matched with each of the three second target profiles corresponding to a difference within a threshold range. In this case, three first deviation values ​​and three first deviation values ​​can be identified, and by matching them, a first diagnostic profile (900) included in the graph (90) of FIG. 9 can be generated. Similarly, if seven first target profiles and seven second target profiles are identified, each of the seven first target profiles can be matched with each of the seven second target profiles corresponding to a difference within a threshold range. In this case, seven first deviation values ​​and seven second deviation values ​​can be identified, and by matching them, a diagnostic profile such as the second diagnostic profile (920) included in the graph (90) of FIG. 9 can be generated.

[0071] The controller (102) can calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic profile. The controller (102) can calculate the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation based on the diagnostic profile, and can calculate the duration of the first rest period based thereon. The controller (102) can calculate a diagnostic value (e.g., slope value) based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and can calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the diagnostic value. The controller (102) can calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the output value obtained by inputting the diagnostic value (slope value) into Equation 1.

[0072] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0073] Duration = a * slope value + b

[0074] Here, a and b may be constant values ​​calculated through prior experimental data. The controller (102) can calculate the duration of the first rest period by inputting the slope value obtained by dividing the change in the second deviation by the change in the first deviation into Equation 1 and outputting the value. The method for deriving Equation 1 will be described later.

[0075] Mathematical formula 1 can be derived by calculating diagnostic values ​​by duration through preliminary experimental data in which the duration of the first rest period is set to a specified value, and through the relationship between diagnostic values ​​by duration.

[0076] The values ​​of a and b in mathematical formula 1 can be derived based on data obtained through preliminary experiments. Here, the data obtained through preliminary experiments may include a first profile, a second profile, a first target profile, a second target profile, and a diagnostic profile generated with the duration of the first rest period arbitrarily specified (e.g., n seconds, where n is a natural number). For example, the first profile and the second profile of the data obtained through preliminary experiments may be data corresponding to the graph (40) of FIG. 4 and the graph (50) of FIG. 5, respectively, and the first target profile and the second target profile may be data corresponding to the graph (60) of FIG. 6, the graph (70) of FIG. 7, or the graph (80) of FIG. 8, and the diagnostic profile may be data corresponding to the graph (90) of FIG. 9.

[0077] For example, the graph (60) of FIG. 6 may include a first target profile and a second target profile when the duration of the first rest period is 1 second.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 8, the graph (80) of FIG. 8 may include a first target profile and a second target profile when the duration of the first rest period is 3 seconds. The controller (102) may generate a diagnostic profile based on each of the graph (60) of FIG. 6 and the graph (80) of FIG. 8. Referring to FIG. 9, the graph (90) of FIG. 9 may include a first diagnostic profile (900) based on the graph (60) of FIG. 6 and a second diagnostic profile (902) based on the graph (80) of FIG. 8. Specifically, the first diagnostic profile (900) of the graph (90) in FIG. 9 may be a graph showing the result of generating three first target profiles and three second target profiles for the first profile and second profile generated when the duration of the first rest period is 1 second, and matching three first deviations and three second deviations corresponding to the first target profile and second target profile. Likewise, the second diagnostic profile (920) of FIG. 9 may be a graph showing the result of generating seven first target profiles and seven second target profiles for the first profile and second profile generated when the duration of the first rest period is 3 seconds, and matching seven first deviations and seven second deviations corresponding to the first target profile and second target profile.

[0079] Referring to the graph (90) in FIG. 9, the controller (102) can calculate a first slope value based on the change amount of values ​​(902, 904) corresponding to the second deviation according to the first deviation included in the first diagnostic profile (900). For example, the change amount of the x-axis (change amount of the first deviation) of the values ​​(902) is about 0.5 and the change amount of the y-axis (change amount of the second deviation) is about 3.26, and the first slope value based on the values ​​can be calculated as 6.52. Similarly, the controller (102) can calculate a second slope value based on the second diagnostic profile (920). For example, the second slope value based on the change amount of the x-axis (change amount of the first deviation) and the change amount of the y-axis (change amount of the second deviation) of the values ​​(922, 924) included in the second diagnostic profile (920) can be calculated as 2.77.

[0080] The controller (102) can derive constants (a and b) of Equation 1 based on a diagnostic value (e.g., 6.52) obtained when the duration of the first rest period is 1 second and a diagnostic value (e.g., 2.77) obtained when the duration of the second rest period is 3 seconds. The controller (102) can derive constants of Equation 1 based on the amount of change in the diagnostic value according to the duration of the first rest period. For example, referring to FIGS. 6, 8, and 9, when the duration of the first rest period is A1 seconds and the corresponding diagnostic value is B1, and when the duration of the first rest period is A2 seconds and the corresponding diagnostic value is B2, a relationship such as Equation 2 can be established.

[0081] [Mathematical Formula 2]

[0082] Duration = c * (B2-B1) / (A2-A1) + d

[0083] Here, c may be a diagnostic value for the battery to be diagnosed, and d may be a constant for inversely calculating the duration through prior experimental data. Based on the graph (90) of FIG. 9 described above, A1 and A2 may correspond to 1 second and 3 seconds, respectively, and B1 and B2 may correspond to 6.52 and 2.77, respectively.

[0084] The constant a in Equation 1 can correspond to (B2-B1) / (A2-A1) in Equation 2, and the constant b in Equation 1 can correspond to d in Equation 2. Based on this, the constant a in Equation 1 can be derived as (-1.875), and when the diagnostic value 6.52, which is the duration of the first rest period when it is 1 second, is substituted into Equation 2, d in Equation 2 can be derived as 8.395.

[0085] Second Embodiment: Case where some data for the first pause section does not exist

[0086] FIGS. 10 and FIGS. 11 illustrate a diagnostic profile generated when some data for a first idle period is missing, according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0087] Referring to FIG. 10, the graph (1000) of FIG. 10 illustrates a diagnostic profile in which data corresponding to area A (initial rest period) exists during the first rest period, but data corresponding to area B does not exist. Referring to the graph (1000) of FIG. 10, the controller (102) can generate data predicted for area B (dotted line graph of area B) based on the slope value corresponding to area A. Additionally, the controller (102) can calculate the slope value of the dotted line graph generated in area B and calculate the duration of the first rest period through the output value by inputting the slope value into Equation 1.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 11, the graph (1100) of FIG. 11 illustrates a diagnostic profile in which there is no data corresponding to the first rest period. In this case, an arbitrary rest period can be artificially inserted to generate data corresponding to area D (solid line graph), and based on the generated data (solid line graph), data corresponding to area C (dotted line graph) corresponding to the initial rest period can be generated. The controller (102) can calculate the duration of the first rest period through the output value by inputting a slope value based on the deviation change amount corresponding to area C into Equation 1.

[0089] FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of a charging monitoring device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 12, in operation 1200, the charging monitoring device (10) can obtain a voltage value of the battery. The charging monitoring device (10) can obtain a voltage value of the battery measured during a charging process that repeats a charging period and a resting period.

[0091] According to an embodiment, the charging monitoring device (10) can obtain the voltage value of the battery measured during the charging process in real time, and can also obtain the voltage value of the battery measured during a charging process performed in the past.

[0092] In operation 1210, the charging monitoring device (10) can calculate a first internal resistance based on the difference between a first voltage value of the battery measured at a first time point related to a first rest period of the battery and a second voltage value of the battery measured at a second time point after a second deviation from the first time point.

[0093] In operation 1220, the charging monitoring device (10) can calculate a second internal resistance based on the difference between a second voltage value of the battery and a third voltage value of the battery measured at a third time point after a second deviation from the second time point.

[0094] In operation 1230, the charging monitoring device (10) can generate information related to the first rest period based on changes in the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance according to changes in the battery's SOC. Here, the information related to the first rest period may include the duration of the first rest period.

[0095] In one embodiment, the charging monitoring device (10) can generate a first profile including a correlation between the battery's SOC and a first internal resistance for each first deviation. The charging monitoring device (10) can generate a second profile including a correlation between the battery's SOC and a second internal resistance for each second deviation. The charging monitoring device (10) can calculate the duration of a first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile.

[0096] In one embodiment, the charging monitoring device (10) can identify a first target profile and a second target profile, each satisfying a specified condition for the first profile and the second profile, respectively. The charging monitoring device (10) can calculate the duration of a first rest period based on the first target profile and the second target profile.

[0097] In one embodiment, the charging monitoring device (10) can generate a diagnostic profile based on a first target profile and a second target profile. The charging monitoring device (10) can calculate the duration of a first rest period based on the diagnostic profile. The charging monitoring device (10) can calculate the amount of change of a first deviation and the amount of change of a second deviation based on the diagnostic profile, and can calculate the duration of a first rest period based thereon. The charging monitoring device (10) can calculate a diagnostic value (e.g., slope value) based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and can calculate the duration of a first rest period based on the diagnostic value. The charging monitoring device (10) can input the diagnostic value (slope value) into Equation 1 (duration = a * slope value + b, where a and b are constants) and calculate the duration of a first rest period based on the output value.

[0098] FIG. 13 illustrates a computing system that performs operations of a charging monitoring device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0099] Referring to FIG. 13, a computing system (1300) according to one embodiment disclosed in this document may include an MCU (1310), memory (1320), an input / output I / F (1330), and a communication I / F (1340).

[0100] The MCU (1310) may be a processor that executes various programs stored in memory (1320) (e.g., a program for calculating the duration of a rest period), processes various data from these programs, and performs the functions of the charging monitoring device (10) shown in FIGS. 1 to 12.

[0101] The memory (1320) can store various programs regarding the operation of the charging monitoring device (10). In addition, the memory (1320) can store operation data of the charging monitoring device (10).

[0102] These memories (1320) may be provided in multiple quantities as needed. The memories (1320) may be volatile memories or non-volatile memories. As volatile memories, the memory (1320) may use RAM, DRAM, SRAM, etc. As non-volatile memories, the memory (1320) may use ROM, PROM, EAROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, etc. The memories (1320) listed above are merely examples and are not limited to these examples.

[0103] The input / output I / F (1330) can provide an interface that enables data transmission and reception between an input device (not shown), such as a keyboard, mouse, or touch panel, an output device (not shown), and an MCU (1310).

[0104] The communication I / F (1340) is configured to transmit and receive various data to and from a server and may be various devices capable of supporting wired or wireless communication. For example, through the communication I / F (1340), programs for diagnosing abnormalities or various data may be transmitted and received from a separately provided external server.

[0105] Terms such as "include," "compose," or "have" as used above, unless specifically stated otherwise, mean that the relevant component may be inherent; therefore, they should be interpreted as allowing for the inclusion of additional components rather than excluding them. All terms, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments disclosed in this document pertain, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used terms, such as those defined in advance, should be interpreted in accordance with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology and, unless explicitly defined in this document, should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense.

[0106] The foregoing description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical concept disclosed in this document, and a person skilled in the art to which the embodiments disclosed in this document pertain can make various modifications and variations within the scope of the essential characteristics of the embodiments disclosed in this document. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in this document are intended to explain, not limit, the technical concept of the embodiments disclosed in this document, and the scope of the technical concept disclosed in this document is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the technical concept disclosed in this document shall be interpreted by the claims below, and all technical concepts within an equivalent scope shall be interpreted as being included within the scope of rights of this document.

Claims

1. An interface for acquiring a battery voltage value measured during a charging process that repeats charging and resting periods; and Calculate the first internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between the first voltage value of the battery measured at a first time point related to the first resting period and the second voltage value of the battery measured at a second time point after a first deviation from the first time point, and Calculate the second internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between the second voltage value of the battery and the third voltage value of the battery measured at a third time point after a second deviation from the second time point, and A controller comprising a first rest period that calculates information related to the first rest period based on changes in the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance, respectively, according to changes in the SOC of the battery. Charging monitoring device.

2. In Claim 1, The above controller is, A first profile is generated that includes the correlation between the SOC of the battery and the first internal resistance according to the first deviation, and A second profile is generated that includes the correlation between the SOC of the battery and the second internal resistance according to the second deviation, and Calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile, Charging monitoring device.

3. In Claim 2, The above controller is, For each of the first profile and the second profile, identify the first target profile and the second target profile that satisfy the specified conditions, respectively, and Calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first target profile and the second target profile, Charging monitoring device.

4. In Claim 3, The above specified condition includes a condition in which the difference between the first profile and the second profile is below a threshold range, and The first target profile above is a first profile based on a first deviation satisfying the specified condition, and The second target profile above is a second profile based on a second deviation satisfying the specified condition, Charging monitoring device.

5. In Claim 3, The above controller is, Based on the first target profile and the second target profile, a diagnostic profile including a correlation between the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance is generated, and Calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the above diagnostic profile, Charging monitoring device.

6. In Claim 5, The above controller is, Generating the diagnostic profile that includes the correlation between the first deviation corresponding to the first target profile and the second deviation corresponding to the second target profile, and Calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the change amount of the second deviation according to the change amount of the first deviation based on the above diagnostic profile, Charging monitoring device.

7. In Claim 6, The above controller is, A diagnostic value is calculated based on the change amount of the first deviation and the change amount of the second deviation. Calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the above diagnostic value, Charging monitoring device.

8. In Claim 7, The above diagnostic value includes a slope value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and The above controller is, Calculate the duration of the first rest period according to the slope value based on mathematical formula 1, and The above mathematical formula 1 is, duration = a * slope value + b (a and b are constants), Charging monitoring device.

9. In Claim 1, The above first point in time corresponds to the start time of the above first pause period, and The above second point in time corresponds to the end point of the above first pause period, and The above third point in time corresponds to any point in time included in the charging section immediately after the above first resting section, Charging monitoring device.

10. An operation to obtain the voltage value of a battery measured during a charging process that repeats charging and resting periods; An operation of calculating a first internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between a first voltage value of the battery measured at a first time point related to a first resting period and a second voltage value of the battery measured at a second time point after a first deviation from the first time point; The operation of calculating a second internal resistance of the battery based on the difference between a second voltage value of the battery and a third voltage value of the battery measured at a third time point after a second deviation from the second time point; and A method comprising an operation of calculating information related to the first rest period based on changes in the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance, respectively, according to changes in the SOC of the battery. Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

11. In Claim 10, The operation of calculating information related to the first rest period based on the change in each of the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance according to the change in the SOC of the battery is, The operation of generating a first profile including the correlation between the SOC of the battery and the first internal resistance according to the first deviation, The operation of generating a second profile including the correlation between the SOC of the battery and the second internal resistance according to the second deviation, and The operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile, Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

12. In Claim 11, The operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first profile and the second profile is, For each of the first profile and the second profile, an operation of identifying each of the first target profile and the second target profile satisfying a specified condition, and The operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first target profile and the second target profile, Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

13. In Claim 12, The above specified condition includes a condition in which the difference between the first profile and the second profile is below a threshold range, and The first target profile above is a first profile based on a first deviation satisfying the specified condition, and The second target profile above is a second profile based on a second deviation satisfying the specified condition, Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

14. In Claim 12, The operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the first target profile and the second target profile is, The operation of generating a diagnostic profile including a correlation between the first internal resistance and the second internal resistance based on the first target profile and the second target profile, and A method including an operation to calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the above diagnostic profile, Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

15. In claim 14, The operation of generating the above diagnostic profile is, The method includes the operation of generating the diagnostic profile, which includes the correlation between the first deviation corresponding to the first target profile and the second deviation corresponding to the second target profile. The operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the above diagnostic profile is, The method includes an operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the change amount of the second deviation according to the change amount of the first deviation based on the diagnostic profile above. Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

16. In Claim 15, The operation of calculating the duration of the first rest period based on the change amount of the second deviation according to the change amount of the first deviation based on the above diagnostic profile is, An operation to calculate a diagnostic value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and A method including an operation to calculate the duration of the first rest period based on the above diagnostic value, Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

17. In Claim 16, The above diagnostic value includes a slope value based on the amount of change of the first deviation and the amount of change of the second deviation, and The operation of calculating a diagnostic value based on the change amount of the first deviation and the change amount of the second deviation is, It includes an operation to calculate the duration of the first rest period according to the slope value based on mathematical formula 1, and The above mathematical formula 1 is, duration = a * slope value + b (a and b are constants), Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

18. In Claim 10, The above first point in time corresponds to the start time of the above first pause period, and The above second point in time corresponds to the end point of the above first pause period, and The above third point in time corresponds to any point in time included in the charging section immediately after the above first resting section, Method of operation of a charging monitoring device.

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