2d and 3D display device and electronic apparatus comprising same

Abstract

A display device and an electronic apparatus comprising same are disclosed. The disclosed display device comprises: a display element including a first region displaying a 2D image and a second region displaying a 3D image; an image controller configured to independently turn on and off the first region and the second region; and an optical element including a transmission portion transmitting the 2D image and a separation portion separating viewing zones of the 3D image, wherein the transmission portion and the separation portion are configured as a passive type.

Description

2D and 3D display devices and electronic devices including the same

[0001] Exemplary embodiments relate to 2D and 3D display devices and electronic devices including the same.

[0002] Generally, 3D images are created based on the principle of stereoscopic vision through the human eyes. Binocular parallax, which occurs because the two eyes are separated by approximately 65mm, can be considered the most important factor in stereoscopic perception. Stereoscopic perception can be expressed by showing each eye an image identical to the actual image seen by the eyes. To achieve this, two identical cameras are positioned apart by the binocular distance and filmed; the image captured by the left camera is shown only to the left eye, while the image captured by the right camera is shown only to the right eye.

[0003] 3D video display devices include displays using glasses and glasses-free displays. Glasses-type displays include polarized glasses and shutter glasses, while glasses-free displays include parallax barrier, lenticular, integral imaging, and holography methods.

[0004] An exemplary embodiment provides a 2D and 3D display device capable of switching between 2D and 3D images without electrical driving.

[0005] An exemplary embodiment provides an electronic device including a 2D and 3D display device capable of switching between 2D and 3D images without electrical driving.

[0006] A display device according to an exemplary embodiment includes a display element (110)(210)(310) comprising a first area (111)(211)(311) for displaying a 2D image and a second area (112)(212)(312) for displaying a 3D image.

[0007] The image control unit (130)(251)(315) may be configured to independently turn on and off the first area (111)(211)(311) and the second area (112)(212)(312).

[0008] The optical element (120)(OD) includes a transmission part (121)(TU) that transmits the 2D image and a separation part (122)(SU) that separates the viewing area of ​​the 3D image, and the transmission part (121)(TU) and the separation part (122)(SU) may be configured as a passive type.

[0009] The first region (111)(211)(311) and the second region (112)(212)(312) can be positioned so as not to overlap.

[0010] The above-mentioned permeable section (121)(TU) may be positioned facing the first region (111)(211)(311), and the above-mentioned separating section (122)(SU) may be positioned facing the second region (112)(212)(312).

[0011] An electronic device (400) according to an exemplary embodiment may include a display device (401); an audio module (403, 407, 414); a sensor module (404); and a camera module (405).

[0012] A 2D and 3D display device according to an exemplary embodiment can display 2D and 3D images by implementing an optical element that switches between 2D and 3D images without electrical driving. Thus, the power consumption of the display device is reduced, and the user can enjoy 2D and 3D images in a simple way.

[0013] FIG. 1a shows a 2D image being displayed on a 2D and 3D display device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0014] FIG. 1b shows a 3D image being displayed on a 2D and 3D display device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0015] FIG. 2 shows an example in which a first region and a second region of a 2D and 3D display device are angled according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0016] FIG. 3 shows an example in which a first region and a second region of a 2D and 3D display device according to an exemplary embodiment are divided by a vertical line.

[0017] FIG. 4 shows an example in which a first region and a second region of a 2D and 3D display device according to an exemplary embodiment are divided into pixel units.

[0018] FIG. 5 shows an example in which a 2D image and a 3D image are displayed together in a 2D and 3D display device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0019] FIG. 6 illustrates a 2D and 3D display device according to another exemplary embodiment.

[0020] Figure 7 shows a 2D image being displayed on a 2D and 3D display device illustrated in Figure 6.

[0021] Figure 8 shows a 3D image being displayed on the 2D and 3D display devices illustrated in Figure 6.

[0022] Figure 9 shows an example in which the positions of the lenticular lens array and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array are swapped compared to Figure 6.

[0023] FIG. 10a shows a display device according to another exemplary embodiment displaying a 2D image.

[0024] FIG. 10b shows a display device according to another exemplary embodiment displaying a 3D image.

[0025] FIG. 11a shows that a first region and a second region of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment are divided into odd and even lines to display a 2D image.

[0026] FIG. 11b shows that a first region and a second region of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment are divided into odd and even lines to display a 3D image.

[0027] Figure 12 shows an example in which a lenticular lens is positioned at an angle with respect to the horizontal direction in the display device illustrated in Figure 11a.

[0028] FIG. 13 illustrates an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] FIG. 14 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic device according to another exemplary embodiment.

[0030] Hereinafter, 2D and 3D display devices according to various embodiments and electronic devices including the same will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In the following drawings, the same reference numerals refer to the same components, and the size of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by these terms. The terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

[0031] A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, when a part is described as "comprising" a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components. Additionally, the size or thickness of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, when a specific material layer is described as existing on a substrate or another layer, that material layer may exist in direct contact with the substrate or other layer, or a third layer may exist between them. Also, since the materials constituting each layer in the following examples are exemplary, other materials may be used.

[0032] The terms used in the embodiments of this specification have been selected to be as widely used as possible, taking into account the functions of the present disclosure; however, these terms may vary depending on the intent of those skilled in the art, case law, the emergence of new technologies, etc. Additionally, in specific cases, terms have been arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in such cases, their meanings will be described in detail in the description section of the relevant embodiments. Therefore, terms used in this specification should be defined not merely by their names, but based on their meanings and the overall content of the present disclosure.

[0033] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" may be understood to include plural objects. Thus, for example, the description "constituent surface" may include cases where it refers to one or more of such surfaces.

[0034] Terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, may have the same meaning as generally understood by a person skilled in the art as described in this specification.

[0035] In the present disclosure, when one component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the one component may be directly connected to or directly connected to the other component, but unless specifically stated otherwise, it may also be connected or connected through another component in between.

[0036] Unless specifically stated otherwise in this disclosure, "or" is inclusive and not exclusive. Accordingly, unless otherwise expressed or indicated in the context, "A or B" may mean "A, B, or both." In this disclosure, the phrases "at least one of" or "one or more of" may mean that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, or that only any one of the listed items is required. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" may include any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C.

[0037] In this disclosure, when a part is described as "comprising" a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components. Furthermore, terms such as "...part," "...module," etc., as used in this specification refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and this may be implemented in hardware or software, or as a combination of hardware and software.

[0038] As used herein, the expression “configured to” may be replaced, depending on the context, with, for example, “suitable for,” “having the capacity to,” “designed to,” “adapted to,” “made to,” or “capable of.” The term “configured to” may not necessarily mean only “specifically designed to” in hardware. Instead, in some situations, the expression “system configured to” may mean that the system is “capable of” in conjunction with other devices or components. For example, the phrase “processor configured to perform A, B, and C” may mean a dedicated processor for performing the said operations (e.g., an embedded processor), or a generic-purpose processor (e.g., a CPU or an application processor) capable of performing said operations by executing one or more software programs stored in memory.

[0039] In the present disclosure, a processor is a configuration that controls a series of processes to enable an electronic device to operate according to the embodiments described below, and may be composed of one or more processors. One or more processors included in the processor may be circuitry such as a System on Chip (SoC) or an Integrated Circuit (IC). One or more processors included in the processor may be a general-purpose processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), MPU (Micro Processor Unit), AP (Application Processor), or DSP (Digital Signal Processor); a graphics-dedicated processor such as a GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) or VPU (Vision Processing Unit); an artificial intelligence-dedicated processor such as a NPU (Neural Processing Unit); or a communication-dedicated processor such as a CP (Communication Processor). If one or more processors included in the processor are artificial intelligence-dedicated processors, said artificial intelligence-dedicated processor may be designed with a hardware structure specialized for processing a specific artificial intelligence model.

[0040] In the present disclosure, a processor may include various processing circuits and / or a plurality of processors. For example, the term “processor” as used herein, including in the claims, may include at least one processor and various processing circuits. In the at least one processor, one or more processors may be configured to perform the various functions described herein individually and / or collectively in a distributed manner. As used herein, “processor,” “at least one processor,” and “one or more processors” may be configured to perform various functions. However, these terms cover, without limitation, situations where one processor performs some of the functions and other processor(s) perform other parts of the functions, and situations where a single processor can perform all functions. Additionally, at least one processor may include a combination of processors performing various functions of the disclosed functions in a distributed manner. At least one processor may execute program instructions to achieve or perform various functions.

[0041] The processor can write data to memory or read data stored in memory, and in particular, can process data according to predefined operation rules or artificial intelligence models by executing a program or at least one instruction stored in memory. Accordingly, the processor can perform operations described in subsequent embodiments, and operations described in subsequent embodiments as being performed by an electronic device or a detailed component included in an electronic device may be considered as being performed by the processor unless otherwise specified.

[0042] It should be understood that in this disclosure, the blocks in each flowchart and combinations of flowcharts may be executed by one or more computer programs comprising computer-executable instructions. One or more computer programs may be stored all in a single memory or may be divided and stored in a plurality of different memories.

[0043] All functions or operations described in this disclosure may be processed by a single processor or a combination of processors. A single processor or a combination of processors is a circuitry that performs processing and may include circuitry such as an AP (Application Processor), CP (Communication Processor), GPU (Graphical Processing Unit), NPU (Neural Processing Unit), MPU (Microprocessor Unit), SoC (System on Chip), IC (Integrated Chip), etc.

[0044] It will be understood that each block of the process flow diagrams and combinations of the flow diagrams can be executed by computer program instructions. Since these computer program instructions can be loaded into the processor of a general-purpose computer, a specialized computer, or other programmable data processing equipment, the instructions executed through the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment create means to perform the functions described in the flow diagram block(s). Since these computer program instructions can also be stored in computer-available or computer-readable memory that can be directed toward the computer or other programmable data processing equipment to implement the function in a specific way, the instructions stored in such computer-available or computer-readable memory can also produce a manufactured item containing the means of instruction to perform the function described in the flow diagram block(s). Since computer program instructions can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, instructions that perform a series of operation steps on the computer or other programmable data processing equipment to create a process executed by the computer can also provide steps for executing the functions described in the flowchart block(s).

[0045] Additionally, each block may represent a module, segment, or part of code containing one or more executable instructions for executing a specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative execution examples, the functions mentioned in the blocks may occur out of order. For instance, two blocks described in succession may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may be executed in reverse order according to their corresponding functions.

[0046] FIGS. 1A and 1B schematically illustrate 2D and 3D display devices according to exemplary embodiments.

[0047] A 2D and 3D display device (100) includes a display element (110) comprising a first area (111) for displaying a 2D image and a second area (112) for displaying a 3D image, an image control unit (130) for inputting an image signal to the display element (110), a transmission unit (121) for transmitting the 2D image, and an optical element (120) comprising a separation unit (122) for separating the viewing area of ​​the 3D image. In an embodiment, the display element (110) may include a plurality of first areas (111) and a plurality of second areas (112).

[0048] The display element (110) may include a liquid crystal display element, a field emission display (FED), a plasma display panel (PDP), an LED display element, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display element, or an electrophoresis display element (EPD). The display element (110) may further include a polarizing element that converts the polarization of image light as needed. For example, if the display element (110) includes an OLED display element, it may include an OLED and a polarizing element that polarizes light emitted from the OLED.

[0049] The image control unit (130) can independently turn the first area (111) and the second area (112) on and off. The first area (111) and the second area (112) may be positioned so as not to overlap. The first area (111) and the second area (112) may be arranged alternately, and the arrangement pitch, arrangement direction, area, etc., may be modified in various ways. The display element (110) may include a plurality of pixels as the minimum unit for displaying color, and the first area (111) and the second area (112) may be arranged in a single pixel cycle, in a plurality of pixel cycles, or in a line cycle. However, the arrangement method of the first area (111) and the second area (112) is not limited thereto.

[0050] The image control unit (130) can turn on the pixels of the first area (111) and turn off the pixels of the second area (112) to display a 2D image, or turn on the pixels of the second area (112) and turn off the pixels of the first area (11) to display a 3D image. Alternatively, it can turn on some pixels of the first area (111) and turn on some pixels of the second area (112) to display a 2D image and a 3D image simultaneously. The image control unit (130) can control the display element (110) to switch between a 2D image and a 3D image, or to display a 2D image in some area of ​​the display screen and a 3D image in another area of ​​the display screen.

[0051] The image control unit (130) may be implemented using a processor and / or special electronic circuit including a logic circuit configured to process image data in real time. For example, the image control unit (130) may include a central processing unit (CPU) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that communicates with a non-volatile memory that stores a spatial mapping table defining the coordinates of the first area (111) and the second area (112). The image control unit (130) may also include a data routing demultiplexer and gating logic configured to selectively enable or disable a data path for a specific pixel address within the display element (110) depending on the input signal type (2D input data or 3D input data). Additionally, the image control unit (130) may include a timing generator (e.g., a timing controller) that synchronizes the activation of the first area (111) and the second area (112) with the refresh rate of the display element (110). By utilizing these hardware components, the image control unit (130) can convert the received image signal into individual driving voltages applied to specific pixel electrodes of the first and second regions (111) (112).

[0052] The transmission portion (121) and the separation portion (122) of the optical element (120) may be configured as a passive type. A passive type may mean a type that operates without electrical driving. Therefore, power consumption in the optical element (120) may not occur during the operation of switching between 2D images and 3D images. The transmission portion (121) of the optical element (120) may transmit image light output from the display element (110) without directionality or directionality to display a 2D image. The separation portion (122) of the optical element (120) may output image light output from the display element (110) with directionality to separate the viewing area, thereby displaying a 3D image. The transmission portion (121) may be positioned facing the first area (111), and the separation portion (122) may be positioned facing the second area (112).

[0053] The transmitting portion (121) may include a transparent material. The transmitting portion (121) may include, for example, glass. The transmitting portion (121) can transmit incident light in a straight line to display a 2D image.

[0054] The separation unit (122) may include a refractive index modulation element, a holographic optical element, or a microlens array. The refractive index modulation element may be, for example, a GRIN (Gradient Index Lens) lens. A GRIN lens may have a refractive index gradient in which the central portion has a relatively high refractive index and the refractive index gradually decreases radially. A GRIN lens can concentrate light to a specific focal length by acting like a convex lens. Thus, the separation unit (122) can separate the direction of the incident light into multiple directions depending on the angle of incidence of the incident light.

[0055] The optical element (120) may have a flat shape and a thin thickness. Accordingly, the display device (100) according to the exemplary embodiment may be applied to, for example, a mobile phone. If the optical element has a physically convex shape, it may interfere with the user's screen touch operation, but since the optical element (120) has a flat structure, it does not interfere with the screen touch operation.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b, the operation of the display device (100) is described as follows.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 1a, an image control unit (130) can turn on the pixels of a first region (111) of a display element (110) and input a 2D image signal to the first region (111). At this time, the image control unit (130) can turn off the pixels of a second region (112). However, this is merely an example and is not limited thereto. Light (L1) for a 2D image formed by turning on the pixels of the first region (111) passes through the transmission part (121) of an optical element (120) located above the first region (111) and is output in all directions without directionality, thereby displaying a 2D image.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 1b, an image control unit (130) can turn on a second region (112) of a display element (110) and input a 3D image signal to the second region (112). At this time, the image control unit (130) can turn off the first region (111). However, this is merely an example and is not limited thereto. Light (L2) for a 3D image formed by turning on the pixels of the second region (112) can be output by passing through a separation unit (122) of an optical element (120) located above the second region (112). The light (L2) can be refracted by the separation unit (122) and separated into viewing areas to display a 3D image.

[0059] The display device (100) uses a first area (111) for displaying 2D images and a second area (112) for displaying 3D images, so the resolution of the display element (110) is divided in half. Although the resolution is reduced by half compared to the case where all pixels of the display element (110) are used, the user hardly perceives this when the resolution is high, and can enjoy 2D images and 3D images without inconvenience.

[0060] The display device (100) can display low-power 2D / 3D switching and 2D and 3D images simultaneously on mobile devices, and can be applied to devices requiring low power consumption and having a very thin thickness, such as mobile phones, tablets, wearable watches, VR glasses, and AR glasses. However, the applicable products are not limited to this, and the display device (100) according to the exemplary embodiment can also be applied to large-area display devices such as TVs and monitors.

[0061] FIGS. 2, FIGS. 3 and FIGS. 4 illustrate various examples of the arrangement structure of a first region (111) and a second region (112) in a display device (100) according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 2, a first region (111) and a second region (112) may be arranged in a diagonal direction of the display element (110). A transparent portion (121) may be provided overlapping the first region (111), and a separating portion (122) may be provided overlapping the second region (112). In the drawing, reference numeral SP may represent a subpixel, and P may represent a pixel. The display element (110) may include a diamond-shaped pixel (P).

[0063] Referring to FIG. 3, the first region (111) and the second region (112) may be arranged along the vertical or vertical lines of the display element (110). Here, the vertical or vertical direction may be determined based on when the user views the screen. The transparent part (121) and the separation part (122) may be arranged vertically so as to correspond to the first region (111) and the second region (112), respectively. When the transparent part (121) and the separation part (122) are arranged vertically in this manner, a portrait screen mode may be applied. Alternatively, it is also possible for the first region (111), the second region (112), the transparent part (121), and the separation part (122) to be arranged horizontally or in the horizontal direction of the display element (110) or the screen so that a landscape screen mode is applied.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 4, the first region (111), the second region (112), the transparent portion (121), and the separation portion (122) can be partitioned in units of pixels (P). For example, the first region (111) and the second region (112) may be alternately provided for every single pixel (PX) or for every multiple pixels. FIG. 4 illustrates an example in which the first region (111) and the second region (112) are alternately arranged for every four pixels (PX). Meanwhile, it is also possible to randomly arrange the first region (111) and the second region (112). In this way, the occurrence of moiré can be reduced by arranging the first region (111) and the second region (112) in units of pixels.

[0065] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of displaying 2D and 3D images together on a single screen. For example, the background image (150) can be displayed as a 2D image, and the main image (160) in the center can be displayed as a 3D image.

[0066] Pixels of a first area (111) in an area corresponding to a background image (150) can be turned on to input a 2D background image signal, and the remaining pixels of the first area (111) can be turned off. Pixels of a second area (112) in an area corresponding to a main image (160) can be turned on to input a 3D image signal, and the remaining pixels of the second area (112) can be turned off. In this way, the display device (100) according to an exemplary embodiment can display both a 2D image and a 3D image on a single screen.

[0067] FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a display device according to another embodiment.

[0068] The display device (200) includes a display element (210) comprising a first area (211) for displaying a 2D image and a second area (212) for displaying a 3D image, an image control unit (215) configured to independently turn the first area (211) and the second area (212) on and off, a transmission unit (TU) for transmitting the 2D image, and an optical element (OD) comprising a separation unit (SU) for separating the viewing area of ​​the 3D image. In the embodiment, the first area (211) may include a plurality of areas, and the second area (212) may include a plurality of areas.

[0069] Since the display element (210) and the image control unit (215) are substantially the same as the display element (110) and the image control unit (115) described with reference to FIG. 1, a detailed description is omitted here.

[0070] The optical element (OD) may include a patterned retarder (220), a lenticular lens array (230) provided in the patterned retarder (220), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) provided in the lenticular lens array (230).

[0071] The patterned retarder (220) may include a transparent part (221) that transmits incident light and a half-wave plate (222) that converts the polarization direction of the incident light. The transparent part (221) may be placed in an area corresponding to the first area (211), and the half-wave plate (222) may be placed in an area corresponding to the second area (212). The transparent part (221) and the half-wave plate (222) may be arranged alternately. The transparent part (221) transmits the polarization direction of the incident light as is without change, and the half-wave plate (222) may delay the phase of the incident light to convert the polarization direction of the incident light. The half-wave plate (222) may convert P polarization to S polarization or convert S polarization to P polarization.

[0072] The lenticular lens array (230) may have a convex lens shape and may have a structure in which lenticular lenses are arranged. The pitch (PI) of the lenticular lens array (230) may be equal to the width (W1) of the first region (211) or the width (W2) of the second region (212). The width (W1) of the first region (211) and the width (W2) of the second region (212) may be equal.

[0073] The liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may have birefringence characteristics depending on the polarization direction of the incident light. The liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may have a shape opposite to that of the lenticular lens array (230) and may be combined with the lenticular lens array (230) without the intervention of other layers. For example, the lenticular lens array (230) may have a flat surface on one side and a convex lenticular lens shape on the other side. The liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may have a flat surface on one side and a concave lenticular lens shape on the other side. The lenticular lens array (230) and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may be combined by combining the convex and concave parts. In FIG. 6, the flat surface of the lenticular lens array (230) may be positioned at the bottom, and the flat surface of the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may be positioned at the top. Thus, the lenticular lens array (230) and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may have a combined state and an overall flat structure. A flat sheet (250) may be provided on the upper surface of the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240). The flat sheet (250) may serve as a protective sheet for the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240).

[0074] The transmission portion (TU) of the optical element (OD) may include a transparent portion (221), a lenticular lens array (230), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240). The separation portion (SU) of the optical device (OD) may include a half-wave plate (222), a lenticular lens array (230), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240).

[0075] Next, the operation of the display device (200) is described.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 7, a first region (211) of a display element (210) can be turned on, and a second region (212) can be turned off. The display element (210) can emit light of a first polarization, for example, P polarization. Pixels in the first region (211) are driven, and P polarization light can be emitted from the first region (211). The P polarization light can pass through a transparent part (221) and a lenticular lens array (230) arranged to correspond to the first region (211). The lenticular lens array (230) may have a first refractive index (n1). The liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may have birefringence characteristics having a slow axis refractive index and a fast axis refractive index. A liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may have a first refractive index (n1) or a second refractive index (n2) depending on the polarization of the incident light. For example, the slow axis refractive index of the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may be the first refractive index (n1) and the fast axis refractive index may be the second refractive index (n2), and the relationship n1 > n2 may be formed. The liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) may have a first refractive index (n1) for P polarization and a second refractive index (n2) for S polarization.

[0077] When P-polarized light passes through the lenticular lens array (230) and is incident on the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240), the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) can operate as a material having a first refractive index (n1) with respect to P-polarized light. Since the lenticular lens array (230) has a first refractive index (n1) and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) has a first refractive index with respect to P-polarized light, the P-polarized light passing through the lenticular lens array (230) and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) is equivalent to passing through a flat plate layer without a change in refractive index. Therefore, the P-polarized light can pass through the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) and be output without refraction of the path. In this way, a 2D image (260) can be displayed.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 8, a first region (211) of a display element (210) can be turned off, and a second region (212) can be turned on. Pixels in the second region (212) can be driven, and P-polarized light can be emitted from the second region (212). When the P-polarized light passes through a half-wave plate (222), it is converted into S-polarized light, and the S-polarized light can pass through a lenticular lens array (230) and be incident on a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240). When the S-polarized light passes through the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240), the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) can have a second refractive index (n2) for the S-polarized light. Therefore, as light of S polarization passes from a lenticular lens array (230) having a first refractive index (n1) to a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) having a second refractive index (n2), the light path can be refracted and the viewing area can be separated. In this way, a 3D image (261) can be displayed.

[0079] The first region (211) and the second region (212) may be divided into pixel units, horizontal line units, or vertical line units. As described above, the transmission unit (TU) of the display device (200) includes a transparent unit (221) in the region corresponding to the first region (211), a lenticular lens array (230), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240), so that light passing through the transmission unit (TU) can display a 2D image. And, the separation unit (SU) includes a half-wave plate (222) in the region corresponding to the second region (212), a lenticular lens array (230), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240), so that light passing through the separation unit (SU) can display a 3D image.

[0080] FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which the positions of the lenticular lens array and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array are swapped in the display device (200) shown in FIG. 6. In FIG. 9, to avoid redundant explanations, only the parts that differ when compared with FIG. 6 will be described.

[0081] The display device (200A) includes a display element (210) and an optical element (OD). The optical element (OD) may include a patterned retarder (220), a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) provided on the patterned retarder (220), and a lenticular lens array (230A) provided on the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A). The liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) may include a convex lenticular lens structure, and the lenticular lens array (240A) may include a concave lenticular lens structure. The convex portion of the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) and the concave portion of the lenticular lens array (230A) are combined, and when the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) and the lenticular lens array (230A) are combined, the entire structure may have a flat plate structure.

[0082] The transmission portion (TU) of the optical element (OD) may include a transparent portion (221) located corresponding to the first region (211), a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A), and a lenticular lens array (230A). The separation portion (SU) of the optical element (OD) may include a separation portion (222) located corresponding to the second region (212), a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A), and a lenticular lens array (230A).

[0083] P-polarized light emitted from the first region (211) passes through the transparent part (221), and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) has a first refractive index (n1) for the P-polarized light, and can display a 2D image by passing through the lenticular lens array (240A) having the first refractive index (n1) without refraction.

[0084] P-polarized light emitted from the second region (212) is converted into S-polarized light by a half-wave plate (222), and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) has a second refractive index (n2) for S-polarized light, and the S-polarized light can be displayed by refracting and passing through the lenticular lens array (240A) having a first refractive index (n1).

[0085] The following Figures 10a and 10b illustrate an example in which the patterned retarder (220) is modified compared to Figure 6.

[0086] Components using the same reference numbers as in FIG. 6 in FIG. 10a and FIG. 10b have substantially the same function and configuration, so a detailed description is omitted here.

[0087] Referring to FIG. 10a, the display device (200B) may include two patterned retarders. The patterned retarder (220) may include a first patterned retarder (220A) and a second patterned retarder (220B) provided on the first patterned retarder (220A).

[0088] The first patterned retarder (220A) may include a first quarter wave plate (221A) provided at a position corresponding to the first region (211) and a second (-1 / 4) wave plate (222B) provided at a position corresponding to the second region (212). The second patterned retarder (220B) may include quarter wave plates (221B) at positions corresponding to both the first region (211) and the second region (212).

[0089] FIG. 10a shows the operation of displaying a 2D image (260).

[0090] To display a 2D image (260), the first region (211) may be turned on and the second region (212) may be turned off. The display element (210) may emit light of a first polarization, for example, P polarization. When the first region (211) is turned on, the P polarization light emitted from the first region (211) is incident on the first quarter-wave plate (221A) corresponding to the first region (211), and the P polarization light may be converted into left-circular polarization by the first quarter-wave plate (221A). The left-circular polarization light is incident on the second patterned retarder (220B), and since the patterned retarder (220B) is a quarter-wave plate (221B), the left-circular polarization light may be converted into P polarization light. When P-polarized light passes through the lenticular lens array (230) and is incident on the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240), the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) operates as a material having a first refractive index (n1) with respect to P-polarized light, so the P-polarized light can pass through the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) and be output without refraction of the path. In this way, a 2D image (260) can be displayed.

[0091] FIG. 10b shows the operation of displaying a 3D image (261).

[0092] To display a 3D image (261), the first region (211) may be turned off and the second region (212) may be turned on. The display element (210) may emit light of the first polarization, for example, P polarization. When the second region (212) is turned on, the P polarization light emitted from the second region (212) is incident on the second (-1 / 4) wave plate (222A) corresponding to the second region (212), and the P polarization light may be converted into right-circular polarization by the second (-1 / 4) wave plate (222A). The right-circular polarization light is incident on the second patterned retarder (220B), and since the second patterned retarder (220B) is a 1 / 4 wave plate (221B), the right-circular polarization may be converted into S polarization light. When light of S polarization passes through the lenticular lens array (230) and is incident on the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240), the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) operates as a material having a second refractive index (n2) with respect to S polarization, so the light of S polarization can be refracted and pass through the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) to be output. In this way, a 3D image (261) can be displayed.

[0093] FIGS. 11a and FIGS. 11b illustrate a display device (300) according to another embodiment.

[0094] The display device (300) may include a display element (310), a patterned retarder (320), a lenticular lens array (330), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340). In FIGS. 11a and 11b, each component is shown in a plan view for convenience of explanation. Also, the lenticular lens array (330) and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) are shown in a single plan view because they operate as a set.

[0095] The display element (310) may include a first region (311) and a second region (312). The display element (310) may have a structure in which a plurality of pixels (PX) are arranged in a matrix form. SP represents a subpixel. In this structure, the first region (311) may include odd lines, and the second region (312) may include even lines. Here, lines may represent horizontal lines. The image control unit (315) may turn on and turn off the first region (311) and the second region (312) of the display element (310), and input an image signal corresponding to each.

[0096] The patterned retarder (320) may include a transparent portion (321) provided on an odd line corresponding to a first region (311) and a half-wave plate (322) provided on an even line corresponding to a second region (312). In the display device (300), the optical element (OD) may include a patterned retarder (320), a lenticular lens array (330), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340). The transmission portion (TU) of the optical element (OD) may include a transparent portion (321), a lenticular lens array (330), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340). The separation portion (SU) of the optical element (OD) may include a half-wave plate (322), a lenticular lens array (330), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340).

[0097] The lenticular lens array (330) may include lenticular lenses (330a) arranged in a direction perpendicular to the odd lines of the first region (311) and the even lines of the second region (312). A liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) may be arranged to interlock with the lenticular lens array (330). The lenticular lens array (330) has a first refractive index (n1), and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) may have a first refractive index (n1) or a second refractive index (n2) depending on the polarization direction of the incident light. For example, the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) may have a first refractive index (n1) for P polarization and a second refractive index (n2) for S polarization.

[0098] FIG. 11a may show an operating state for displaying a 2D image in a display device (300). Referring to FIG. 11a, pixels in a first region (311) of a display element (310) may be turned on, and pixels in a second region (312) may be turned off. The display element (310) may emit light of a first polarization, for example, P polarization. The light of P polarization may pass through a transparent part (321) corresponding to the first region (311) without changing the polarization direction. When the light of P polarization is incident on a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) via a lenticular lens array (330), the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) may have a first refractive index (n1) with respect to P polarization. Therefore, P-polarized light can be displayed by passing through the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) without refraction and outputting.

[0099] FIG. 11b may show an operating state for displaying a 3D image in a display device (300). Referring to FIG. 11b, pixels in a first region (311) of a display element (310) may be turned off, and pixels in a second region (312) may be turned on. The display element (310) may emit light of a first polarization, for example, P polarization. The P polarization light may be converted into S polarization when passing through a half-wave plate (322) corresponding to the second region (312). When the S polarization light is incident on a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) via a lenticular lens array (330), the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) may have a second refractive index (n2) with respect to S polarization. Therefore, S-polarized light is refracted and output through the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340), thereby separating the viewing area and allowing a 3D image to be displayed.

[0100] FIGS. 11a and FIGS. 11b illustrate an example in which the first region (311) and the second region (312) are divided into line units, but the method of dividing the first region (311) and the second region (312) can be implemented in various ways. Since the display device (300) uses pixels for 2D images and pixels for 3D images in equal halves, the resolution may be halved; however, as long as this is not perceived by the user, it can operate in a passive type without electrical driving of the optical element (OD), so 2D images and 3D images can be displayed with low power. The display device (300) can perform screen touches without electrical shielding and can reduce electrical noise caused by coupling phenomena resulting from pulses due to voltage application. If different retarders are applied to each horizontal line as in the display device (300), 2D can be displayed on odd lines and 3D images on even lines. Additionally, content requiring high-resolution representation can be displayed as a 2D image, and objects requiring a sense of depth can be represented as a 3D image. Meanwhile, in FIG. 11a and FIG. 11b, the first area (311) and the second area (312) are divided by horizontal lines, but it is also possible for the first area (311) and the second area (312) to be divided by vertical columns.

[0101] FIG. 12 shows a structure in which a lenticular lens array (330) and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (340) are arranged at an angle compared to FIG. 11a and FIG. 11b. The lenticular lens array (330) may be arranged such that the lenticular lenses (330a) are tilted at an angle θ with respect to the horizontal direction (X direction) of the display element (310). The lenticular lenses (340a) may have a semi-cylindrical shape, and the height direction of the semi-cylindrical may be arranged such that the height direction is tilted at an angle θ with respect to the horizontal direction (X direction) of the display element (310). The horizontal direction (X direction) may represent the horizontal direction relative to the user. The angle θ may be an angle less than 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction (X direction). In this way, when the lenticular lens array (230) and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240) are arranged at an angle, the moiré pattern can be reduced.

[0102] The display device (100)(200)(200A)(200B)(300) according to the exemplary embodiment can selectively display 2D images and 3D images in a passive type. The display device (100)(200)(200A)(200B)(300) according to the exemplary embodiment can be applied to various electronic devices such as TVs, computer monitors, and mobile devices so that users can view 2D images and 3D images.

[0103] FIG. 13 illustrates an example in which a display device (100)(200)(200A)(200B)(300) according to an exemplary embodiment is applied to a mobile phone.

[0104] FIG. 13 illustrates an example in which an electronic device (400) is applied to a mobile phone, but is not limited thereto. FIG. 13 shows the front surface of the electronic device (400).

[0105] An electronic device (400) according to one embodiment may include a housing (410) comprising a front (410A) and a side (410C). According to one embodiment, the front (410A) may be formed by a front plate (402) (e.g., a glass plate or a polymer plate having various coating layers) in which at least a portion is substantially transparent. In another embodiment, the front plate (402) may be coupled to the housing (410) to form an internal space together with the housing (410). In various embodiments, the term 'internal space' may refer to an internal space of the housing (410) that accommodates at least a portion of the display (401).

[0106] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (400) may include at least one of a display device (401), an audio module (403, 407, 414), a sensor module (404), a camera module (405), a key input device (417), a light-emitting element (406), and a connector hole (408, 409). In various embodiments, the electronic device (400) may omit at least one of the components (e.g., a key input device (417), or a light-emitting element (406)) or additionally include other components.

[0107] As the display device (401), the display device (100) (100A) (100B) (200) (300) described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 may be applied.

[0108] The audio module (403, 407, 414) may include a microphone hole (403) and a speaker hole (407, 414). A microphone for acquiring external sound may be placed inside the microphone hole (403), and in various embodiments, a plurality of microphones may be placed to detect the direction of sound. The speaker hole (407, 414) may include an external speaker hole (407) and a receiver hole (414) for calls. In various embodiments, the speaker hole (407, 414) and the microphone hole (403) may be implemented as a single hole, or a speaker may be included without the speaker hole (407, 414) (e.g., a piezo speaker).

[0109] The sensor module (404, 416, 419) can generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to an internal operating state of the electronic device (400) or an external environmental state. The sensor module (404, 416, 419) may include, for example, a first sensor module (404) (e.g., proximity sensor) and / or a second sensor module (not shown) (e.g., fingerprint sensor) disposed on the front (410A) of the housing (410). The electronic device (400) may further include at least one of the unillustrated sensor module, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an accelerometer sensor, a grip sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biosensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0110] The electronic device (400) illustrated in FIG. 13 is an example and does not limit the form of the device to which the technical concept disclosed in this document is applied. The technical concept disclosed in this document may be applied, for example, to a foldable electronic device that can be folded horizontally or vertically by employing a flexible display and a hinge structure, or to a tablet or laptop.

[0111] FIG. 14 is a block diagram of an electronic device (501) in a network environment (500) according to various embodiments. Referring to FIG. 14, in the network environment (500), the electronic device (501) may communicate with an electronic device (502) through a first network (598) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network) or may communicate with at least one of an electronic device (504) or a server (508) through a second network (599) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (501) may communicate with the electronic device (504) through a server (508). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (501) may include a processor (520), memory (530), input module (550), sound output module (555), display module (560), audio module (570), sensor module (576), interface (577), connection terminal (578), haptic module (579), camera module (580), power management module (588), battery (589), communication module (590), subscriber identification module (596), or antenna module (597). In some embodiments, at least one of these components (e.g., connection terminal (578)) may be omitted from the electronic device (501), or one or more other components may be added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., sensor module (576), camera module (580), or antenna module (597)) may be integrated into a single component (e.g., display module (560)).

[0112] The processor (520) can control at least one other component (e.g., hardware or software component) of the electronic device (501) connected to the processor (520) by executing software (e.g., program (540)), for example, and can perform various data processing or operations. According to one embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or operations, the processor (520) can store commands or data received from other components (e.g., sensor module (576) or communication module (590)) in volatile memory (532), process the commands or data stored in volatile memory (532), and store the resulting data in non-volatile memory (534). According to one embodiment, the processor (520) may include a main processor (521) (e.g., central processing unit or application processor) or an auxiliary processor (523) that can operate independently or together with it (e.g., graphics processing unit, neural processing unit (NPU), image signal processor, sensor hub processor, or communication processor). For example, if the electronic device (501) includes a main processor (521) and an auxiliary processor (523), the auxiliary processor (523) may be configured to use lower power than the main processor (521) or to be specialized for a designated function. The auxiliary processor (523) may be implemented separately from the main processor (521) or as part thereof.

[0113] The auxiliary processor (523) may control at least some of the functions or states associated with at least one component of the electronic device (501) (e.g., display module (560), sensor module (576), or communication module (590)) on behalf of the main processor (521) while the main processor (521) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (521) while the main processor (521) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (523) (e.g., image signal processor or communication processor) may be implemented as part of another functionally related component (e.g., camera module (580) or communication module (590)). According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (523) (e.g., neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing an artificial intelligence model. The artificial intelligence model may be generated through machine learning. Such learning may be performed, for example, on the electronic device (501) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or through a separate server (e.g., server (508)). The learning algorithm may include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model may include a plurality of artificial neural network layers.An artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to the hardware structure, the artificial intelligence model may include a software structure, either additionally or substantially.

[0114] The memory (530) can store various data used by at least one component of the electronic device (501) (e.g., processor (520) or sensor module (576)). The data may include, for example, software (e.g., program (540)) and input data or output data for related commands. The memory (530) may include volatile memory (532) or non-volatile memory (534).

[0115] The program (540) may be stored as software in memory (530) and may include, for example, an operating system (542), middleware (544), or an application (546).

[0116] The input module (550) can receive commands or data to be used for a component of the electronic device (501) (e.g., processor (520)) from outside the electronic device (501) (e.g., user). The input module (550) may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0117] The sound output module (555) can output a sound signal to the outside of the electronic device (501). The sound output module (555) may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver may be used to receive incoming calls. According to one embodiment, the receiver may be implemented separately from the speaker or as part thereof.

[0118] The display module (560) can visually provide information to the outside of the electronic device (501) (e.g., a user). The display module (560) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector and a control circuit for controlling said device. According to one embodiment, the display module (560) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of the force generated by said touch. The display module (560) may include the display device (100)(200)(200A)(200B)(300) described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 12.

[0119] The audio module (570) can convert sound into an electrical signal or, conversely, convert an electrical signal into sound. According to one embodiment, the audio module (570) can acquire sound through the input module (550) or output sound through the sound output module (555) or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (502)) (e.g., speaker or headphones) that is directly or wirelessly connected to the electronic device (501).

[0120] The sensor module (576) can detect the operating state of the electronic device (501) (e.g., power or temperature) or the external environmental state (e.g., user state) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (576) may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an accelerometer sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biosensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0121] The interface (577) may support one or more specified protocols that can be used for the electronic device (501) to be connected directly or wirelessly to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (502)). According to one embodiment, the interface (577) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0122] The connection terminal (578) may include a connector through which the electronic device (501) can be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (502)). According to one embodiment, the connection terminal (578) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0123] The haptic module (579) can convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., vibration or movement) or an electrical stimulus that the user can perceive through tactile or kinesthetic senses. According to one embodiment, the haptic module (579) may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulation device.

[0124] The camera module (580) can capture still images and video. According to one embodiment, the camera module (580) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0125] The power management module (588) can manage power supplied to the electronic device (501). According to one embodiment, the power management module (588) can be implemented, for example, as at least part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0126] The battery (589) can supply power to at least one component of the electronic device (501). According to one embodiment, the battery (589) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0127] The communication module (590) can support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between an electronic device (501) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (502), electronic device (504), or server (508)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (590) may include one or more communication processors that operate independently of the processor (520) (e.g., application processor) and support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (590) may include a wireless communication module (592) (e.g., cellular communication module, short-range wireless communication module, or GNSS (global navigation satellite system) communication module) or a wired communication module (594) (e.g., LAN (local area network) communication module, or power line communication module). The corresponding communication module among these communication modules can communicate with an external electronic device (504) through a first network (598) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, WiFi (wireless fidelity) direct, or IrDA (infrared data association)) or a second network (599) (e.g., a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., LAN or WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (592) can identify or authenticate the electronic device (501) within a communication network such as the first network (598) or the second network (599) using subscriber information (e.g., International Mobile Subscriber Identifier (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (596).

[0128] The wireless communication module (592) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following 4G networks, for example, new radio access technology. NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (massive machine type communications (mMTC)), or high reliability and low latency (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC)). The wireless communication module (592) can support a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate, for example. The wireless communication module (592) can support various technologies for securing performance in the high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large-scale antenna. The wireless communication module (592) can support various requirements specified in the electronic device (501), external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (504)), or network system (e.g., second network (599)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (592) can support a Peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for realizing eMBB, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for realizing mMTC, or U-plane latency (e.g., downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) each 0.5 ms or less, or round trip 1 ms or less) for realizing URLLC.

[0129] An antenna module (597) can transmit a signal or power to or from an external source (e.g., an external electronic device). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (597) may include an antenna comprising a radiator made of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (597) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as a first network (598) or a second network (599), may be selected from the plurality of antennas, for example, by a communication module (590). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (590) and an external electronic device through the selected at least one antenna. According to some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, other components (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module (597).

[0130] According to various embodiments, the antenna module (597) may form a mmWave antenna module. According to one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent to a first surface (e.g., bottom surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a specified high frequency band (e.g., mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on or adjacent to a second surface (e.g., top surface or side surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving a signal of the specified high frequency band.

[0131] At least some of the above components can be connected to each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)) and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other.

[0132] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between an electronic device (501) and an external electronic device (504) through a server (508) connected to a second network (599). Each of the external electronic devices (502, or 504) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (501). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations performed on the electronic device (501) may be performed on one or more of the external electronic devices (502, 504, or 508). For example, if the electronic device (501) needs to perform a function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (501) may request one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or service instead of performing the function or service itself or additionally. One or more external electronic devices that receive the above request may execute at least part of the requested function or service, or additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (501). The electronic device (501) may provide the result as is or additionally processed as at least part of the response to the request. For this purpose, for example, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used. The electronic device (501) may provide the service using, for example, distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In another embodiment, the external electronic device (504) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (508) may be an intelligent server using machine learning and / or neural networks. According to one embodiment, the external electronic device (504) or the server (508) may be included within the second network (599).The electronic device (501) can be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0133] A display device according to an exemplary embodiment comprises: a display element including a first area (111)(211)(311) for displaying a 2D image and a second area (112)(212)(312) for displaying a 3D image; and an image control unit (130)(251)(315) configured to independently turn on and off the first area (111)(211)(311) and the second area (112)(212)(312). The optical element (120) (OD) includes a transmission unit (121) (TU) that transmits the 2D image and a separation unit (122) (SU) that separates the viewing area of ​​the 3D image, wherein the transmission unit (121) (TU) and the separation unit (122) (SU) are configured as a passive type; wherein the first region (111) (211) (311) and the second region (112) (212) (312) are positioned so as not to overlap, the transmission unit (121) (TU) is positioned facing the first region (111) (211) (311), and the separation unit (122) (SU) is positioned facing the second region (112) (212) (312).

[0134] The separation portion of the above optical element may include a GRIN lens, a holographic optical element, or a micro-lens array.

[0135] The optical element (OD) may include a patterned retarder (220)(320), a lenticular lens array (230)(330) provided on the patterned retarder (220)(320), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240)(340) provided on the lenticular lens array (230)(330).

[0136] The optical element (OD) may include a patterned retarder (220), a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) provided on the patterned retarder (220), and a lenticular lens array (230A) provided on the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A).

[0137] The patterned retarder (220) may include a transparent part (221) positioned to correspond to the first area and a half-wave plate (222) provided to correspond to the second area.

[0138] The patterned retarder described above includes a plurality of odd lines and a plurality of even lines, the transparent portion is provided on the plurality of odd lines, and the half-wave plate may be provided on the plurality of even lines.

[0139] The patterned retarder (220) may include a first patterned retarder (220A) and a second patterned retarder (220B) provided in the first patterned retarder (220A).

[0140] The first patterned retarder (220A) may include a first quarter wave plate (221A) positioned to correspond to the first region and a second (-1 / 4) wave plate (222A) positioned to correspond to the second region.

[0141] The second patterned retarder (220B) may include a quarter wave plate (221B) positioned to correspond to the first and second regions.

[0142] The above lenticular lens array has a first refractive index, and the liquid crystal lenticular lens array may have a first refractive index or a second refractive index depending on the polarization state of the incident light.

[0143] The above lenticular lens array includes a plurality of lenticular lenses, and the plurality of lenticular lenses may be arranged to be tilted at an angle greater than 0 and less than 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction.

[0144] The above lenticular lens array may have an upwardly convex lens shape or a downwardly concave lens shape.

[0145] The liquid crystal reticular lens array has a shape opposite to that of the lenticular lens array and can be combined with the lenticular lens array without the intervention of other layers.

[0146] The above first region and second region can be arranged randomly.

[0147] An electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment includes: a display device (401); audio modules (403, 407, 414); and a sensor module (404); and camera module (405); wherein the display device (401) comprises a display element including a first area (111)(211)(311) for displaying a 2D image and a second area (112)(212)(312) for displaying a 3D image, an image control unit (130)(251)(315) configured to independently drive the first area (111)(211)(311) and the second area (112)(212)(312) on-off, a transmission unit (121)(TU) for transmitting the 2D image and a separation unit (122)(SU) for separating the viewing area of ​​the 3D image, and an optical element (120)(OD) in which the transmission unit (121)(TU) and the separation unit (122)(SU) are configured as a passive type, and the first Areas (111)(211)(311) and the second area (112)(212)(312) are positioned so as not to overlap, and the permeable part (121)(TU) is positioned facing the first area (111)(211)(311), and the separating part (122)(SU) can be positioned facing the second area (112)(212)(312).

[0148] The above-described embodiments are merely exemplary, and various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom for those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the true scope of technical protection according to the exemplary embodiments must be determined by the technical concept of the invention as described in the following claims.

Claims

A display element comprising a first area (111)(211)(311) for displaying a 1.2D image and a second area (112)(212)(312) for displaying a 3D image; An image control unit (130)(251)(315) configured to independently turn on and off the first area (111)(211)(311) and the second area (112)(212)(312); and An optical element (120) (OD) comprising a transmission unit (121) (TU) that transmits the above 2D image and a separation unit (122) (SU) that separates the viewing area of ​​the above 3D image, wherein the transmission unit (121) (TU) and the separation unit (122) (SU) are configured as a passive type; The first region (111)(211)(311) and the second region (112)(212)(312) are positioned so as not to overlap, and A 2D and 3D image display device in which the above-mentioned transmission part (121)(TU) is positioned facing the above-mentioned first region (111)(211)(311) and the above-mentioned separation part (122)(SU) is positioned facing the above-mentioned second region (112)(212)(312).

2. In Paragraph 1, A 2D and 3D image display device comprising a separation portion of the optical element, a GRIN lens, a holographic optical element, or a micro-lens array.

3. In Paragraph 1, The optical element (OD) comprises a patterned retarder (220)(320), a lenticular lens array (230)(330) provided on the patterned retarder (220)(320), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240)(340) provided on the lenticular lens array (230)(330), or The optical element (OD) comprises a patterned retarder (220), a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) provided on the patterned retarder (220), and a lenticular lens array (230A) provided on the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A), forming a 2D and 3D image display device.

4. In Paragraph 3, The patterned retarder (220) is a 2D and 3D image display device comprising a transparent part (221) corresponding to the first region and a half-wave plate (222) corresponding to the second region.

5. In Paragraph 4, A 2D and 3D image display device comprising a plurality of odd lines and a plurality of even lines, wherein the transparent part is provided on the plurality of odd lines and the half-wave plate is provided on the plurality of even lines.

6. In Paragraph 3, The patterned retarder (220) comprises a first patterned retarder (220A) and a second patterned retarder (220B) provided in the first patterned retarder (220A). The first patterned retarder (220A) comprises a first quarter wave plate (221A) positioned to correspond to the first region and a second (-1 / 4) wave plate (222A) positioned to correspond to the second region, and The second patterned retarder (220B) comprises a quarter wave plate (221B) positioned to correspond to the first region and the second region, in a 2D and 3D image display device.

7. In any one of paragraphs 3 through 6, The above lenticular lens array has a first refractive index, The above liquid crystal lenticular lens array is a 2D and 3D image display device having a first refractive index or a second refractive index depending on the polarization state of the incident light.

8. In any one of paragraphs 3 through 6, A 2D and 3D image display device wherein the lenticular lens array comprises a plurality of lenticular lenses, and the plurality of lenticular lenses are arranged to be tilted at an angle greater than 0 and less than 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction.

9. In any one of paragraphs 3 through 6, A 2D and 3D image display device in which the above-described lenticular lens array has an upwardly convex lens shape or a downwardly concave lens shape.

10. Display device (401); Audio module(403, 407, 414); Sensor module (404); and Includes a camera module (405); The above display device (401) comprises a display element including a first area (111)(211)(311) for displaying a 2D image and a second area (112)(212)(312) for displaying a 3D image, an image control unit (130)(251)(315) configured to independently turn on and off the first area (111)(211)(311) and the second area (112)(212)(312), a transmission unit (121)(TU) for transmitting the 2D image and a separation unit (122)(SU) for separating the viewing area of ​​the 3D image, and an optical element (120)(OD) in which the transmission unit (121)(TU) and the separation unit (122)(SU) are configured as a passive type. The first region (111)(211)(311) and the second region (112)(212)(312) are positioned so as not to overlap, and An electronic device in which the above-mentioned transmission portion (121)(TU) is positioned facing the above-mentioned first region (111)(211)(311) and the above-mentioned separation portion (122)(SU) is positioned facing the above-mentioned second region (112)(212)(312).

11. In Paragraph 10, The separation portion of the above optical element is an electronic device comprising a GRIN lens, a holographic optical element, or a micro-lens array.

12. In Paragraph 10, The optical element (OD) comprises a patterned retarder (220)(320), a lenticular lens array (230)(330) provided on the patterned retarder (220)(320), and a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240)(340) provided on the lenticular lens array (230)(330), or The above optical element (OD) comprises a patterned retarder (220), a liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A) provided on the patterned retarder (220), and a lenticular lens array (230A) provided on the liquid crystal lenticular lens array (240A), an electronic device.

13. In Paragraph 12, The patterned retarder (220) is an electronic device comprising a transparent part (221) positioned to correspond to the first region and a half-wave plate (222) provided to correspond to the second region.

14. In Paragraph 13, The above patterned retarder comprises a plurality of odd lines and a plurality of even lines, wherein the transparent portion is provided on the plurality of odd lines and the half-wave plate is provided on the plurality of even lines.

15. In Paragraph 12, The patterned retarder (220) comprises a first patterned retarder (220A) and a second patterned retarder (220B) provided in the first patterned retarder (220A). The first patterned retarder (220A) comprises a first quarter wave plate (221A) positioned to correspond to the first region and a second (-1 / 4) wave plate (222A) positioned to correspond to the second region, and The second patterned retarder (220B) is an electronic device comprising a quarter wave plate (221B) positioned to correspond to the first region and the second region.

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