Profile for use in building structures

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building, and more particularly to lightweight metal profiles for forming a frame of a building structure. The technical result is that of making it possible to create a robust and highly fillable profile for framed building structures, the internal cavity of which is filled using curable concrete mixtures. The present profile for use in building structures comprises a base and lateral walls, the edges of the lateral walls being bent toward one another to form lips that act as reinforcing ribs. Along the base of the profile, reinforcing ribs are formed symmetrically in relation to the longitudinal axis of symmetry. The base of the profile further has technical holes formed therein along the longitudinal axis of symmetry between the reinforcing ribs formed longitudinally in the base, wherein said technical holes are formed by dimpling, causing a lip that protrudes above the plane of the base to be formed on the inner side of the base of the profile around the perimeter of a technical hole, said lip being capable of forming a reinforcing rib and providing resistance to deformation when the profile is subject to external influences, wherein the height of the lip of a technical hole is from two to four times the thickness of the profile, and the lips of the mutually opposing lateral walls of the profile straighten out symmetrically.

Description

[0001] PROFILE FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES

[0002] DESCRIPTION

[0003] The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to light metal profiles intended for forming the frame of a building structure [B21D13 / 00, E04B1 / 08, E04C3 / 02, E04C3 / 04, E04C3 / 07].

[0004] A SHEET METAL PROFILE [DE202006008669 (U1), published: 09 / 07 / 2006] is known from the prior art, formed by two side shelves and a base and containing stiffening ribs formed on the side shelves by deformation. A PROFILE FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES [RU2753425C1, published: 08 / 16 / 2006] is also known.2021], which essentially comprises a lower shelf and side walls, wherein the edges of the side walls are bent, forming sides that act as stiffeners, the side walls at one of the ends of the profile are made extended beyond the lower shelf, forming end projections with bent sides, made with the possibility of mounting another profile between them, stiffeners are made along the profile, at least one service crimp is made on the side walls of the profile by symmetrically bending the sides of the opposite side walls for mounting another profile to it across, a service cutout is made in the lower shelf of the profile for mounting through it across another profile, connecting holes are made in the side walls at the ends of the profile, in the service crimp, with the possibility of providing a longitudinal and transverse connection of the profiles.

[0005] A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT is known [RU24483U1, published: 10.08.2002], made in the form of a C-shaped profile with bends at the ends directed towards each other, characterized in that the side of the profile in the central part is made with a recess inward, forming ledges, in the recess there are corrugations having in cross-section the shape of an arc of a circle, and the ledges and corrugations are located in increments of 1 / 5 of the length of the side, the height of the ledges and the depth of the corrugations exceed the thickness of the profile, while the junctions of the parts of the profile - the shelf, the side and the bends of the ends - are made at an angle of 90°, and the bends of the ends are made of the same length. A LIGHTWEIGHT METAL FRAME ELEMENT is known [US2008250738A1, published: 16.10.2008], having a central wall and two parallel side walls extending upward from the side faces of the wall, wherein the member has at least one longitudinally oriented rib extending the length of the wall of the member to help reduce shrinkage and twisting of the member when non-symmetrical reinforcement structures are found in the member.

[0006] The disadvantage of the above-mentioned alternatives is their poor functionality, due to their inability to be used in building structures that use a liquid filler, such as foam concrete or polystyrene concrete, which must be evenly distributed throughout the interior of a thin-walled steel frame and enclosing structures such as formwork, walls, floors, etc. This drawback is overcome by either filling each cell of the frame's interior in stages, which is labor-intensive and often impossible due to the design's specific features. Another solution is to create openings in the profile base to allow the liquid filler to flow through.

[0007] The closest in technical essence is the METAL STRUCTURE [FR2965037, published: 23.03.2012], intended for modular construction and characterized by the fact that it includes a profile having a “C” configuration with equal side walls and with perforations in the base and in the side shelves.

[0008] The main technical problem with the prototype is that the holes drilled in the profile are not intended to allow the mixture to flow through them, but serve only to facilitate installation. Furthermore, the profile manufactured according to the prototype's specifications has low rigidity due to the perforations and the lack of additional stiffening ribs, making it unsuitable for use in load-bearing structures such as load-bearing walls or ceilings.

[0009] The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of analogues and prototypes.

[0010] The technical result of the invention consists in providing the possibility of creating a durable profile for frame building structures using hardened concrete mixtures with a high degree of filling as a filler for the internal volume.The said technical result is achieved due to the fact that a profile for building structures, comprising a base and side walls, the edges of the side walls are made bent towards each other, forming sides that act as stiffeners, along the base of the profile, stiffeners are made symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of symmetry, characterized in that in the base of the profile along the longitudinal axis of symmetry, technological openings are made between the longitudinally made stiffeners in the base of the profile, wherein the technological openings are made by bulging, protruding above the plane of the base and forming a side on the inner side of the base of the profile along the perimeter of the technological opening with the possibility of forming a stiffener and ensuring resistance to deformation of the profile when acting on it, on at least one of the sections of the profile, the sides of the opposite side walls of the profile are made symmetrically unbent.

[0011] In particular, the profile is C-shaped in cross section.

[0012] In particular, the stiffening ribs are made by rolling.

[0013] In particular, the technological holes are made with equal pitch.

[0014] In particular, the technological holes are made with different pitches.

[0015] In particular, the share of the total area of ​​technological holes from the total area of ​​the profile base is from 15 to 25%.

[0016] In particular, the edge of the technological hole is from two to four profile thicknesses.

[0017] Brief description of the drawings.

[0018] Fig. 1 shows a top view and a side view of a profile for building structures.

[0019] Fig. 2 shows the general view of the profile for building structures.

[0020] Fig. 3 shows a general view of a variant of implementing a profile for building structures with end projections.

[0021] Fig. 4 shows a front view of an embodiment of a profile for building structures with service crimping.

[0022] Fig. 5 shows a general view of a variant of implementing a profile for building structures with a service cutout.

[0023] The following are indicated on the figures: 1 - base, 2 - side walls, 3 - profile sides, 4 - end projections, 5 - stiffening ribs, 6 - service crimp, 7 - service cutout, 8 - connecting holes, 9 - technological holes, 10 - sides of the technological holes.

[0024] Implementation of the invention.

[0025] The building structure profile is made from a lightweight, galvanized metal profile with a C-shaped cross-section, forming the base 1 and side walls 2 (see Figs. 1-3, 5). The side walls 2 are curved inward along the length, forming the sides of the profile 3.

[0026] In one embodiment, the side walls 2 at one end of the profile are extended beyond the ends of the base 1, forming end projections 4 (see Fig. 3), with the profile sides 3 of the end projections 4 being bent. The opposite end of the profile may be blind, i.e., without end projections 4.

[0027] In one embodiment, end projections 4 are made on both ends of the profile.

[0028] Along the entire length of the profile at the base 1, stiffening ribs 5 are made symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of symmetry.

[0029] In one embodiment, on at least one of the sections of the profile, by symmetrically bending the sides 2 of the opposite side walls 2 of the profile, a service crimp 6 is made (see Fig. 4).

[0030] In one embodiment, at least one rectangular service cutout 7 (see Fig. 5) is formed in the base 1 of the profile from one side wall 2 to the other, the width of which corresponds to the height of the profile with the possibility of transverse mounting of a similar profile into said cutout 7 by inserting it into the cutout 7. In one embodiment, connecting holes 8 are symmetrically formed in the side walls 2 along the edges of the profile and on the section of the profile forming the service crimp 6 with the possibility of providing longitudinal and transverse connections of the profiles to each other. Recesses are made around the connecting holes 8 with a dowel.

[0031] In the base 1 of the profile, along the longitudinal axis of symmetry, between the longitudinally formed stiffening ribs 5 in the base 1 of the profile, round or oblong technological openings 9 are made with the possibility of pouring mixtures through the mentioned openings, pulling reinforcement and / or laying elements of utility networks through them, for example, water pipes or cables, etc. The openings can be made with equal or different pitches.

[0032] The technological openings 9 are made by punching with embossing, in which the edges of the said openings 9 are deformed, protruding above the plane of the base 1, forming on the inner side of the base 1 a profile along the perimeter of the technological opening 9, the edge of the technological opening 10.

[0033] The sides of the technological holes 10 form stiffening ribs and provide resistance to deformation of the profile under external influence.

[0034] The share of the total area of ​​the mentioned openings 9 (the ratio of the total area of ​​the openings 9 to the total area of ​​the base 1 of the profile) is from 15 to 25%. The height of the side of the technological openings 10 is from two to four times the thickness of the profile.

[0035] The profile for building structures is used to form walls, trusses, partitions, and ceilings, followed by the formation of a closed structure, limited by enclosing structures - walls, partitions, ceilings, formwork, etc.

[0036] Depending on the profile implementation options, various connection methods are used. For example, for a profile with a service crimp 6, a T-shaped connection of the profiles is carried out with expansion. For this, a second profile is mounted perpendicular to the first profile in its service crimp 6 with its blind end, and the connection of the profiles is fixed with a detachable connection through connecting holes 8 made in the service crimp 6 of the first profile and in the side walls 2 of the second profile. And for a T-shaped connection of profiles without expansion (see Fig. 3), end projections 4 of the profile are used. For this, a second profile is mounted perpendicular to the first profile between its end projections 4, and the connection of the profiles is fixed with a detachable connection through connecting holes 8 made in the end projections 4 of the first profile and in the side walls 2 of the second profile.

[0037] For the angular connection of profiles, a second profile is mounted with its blind end at an angle to the supporting profile in the service crimp 6 of the first profile, made as a load-bearing profile, and the connection of the profiles is fixed with a detachable connection through the connecting holes 8 made in the service crimp 6 of the supporting profile and in the side walls 2 of the profile being mounted.

[0038] To connect two profiles to a third profile at an angle, use the same method as in the previous connection method, using a service crimp 6 for the supporting profile. Two profiles are simultaneously mounted at an angle with their blind ends in the aforementioned service crimp 6 of the supporting profile. The profiles are secured with a detachable joint through connecting holes 8 made in the service crimp 6 of the supporting profile and in the sidewalls 2 of the other two profiles.

[0039] For an L-shaped connection of profiles, a second profile is mounted with a blind end between the end projections 4 of the first profile and, through connecting holes 8 made in the end projections 4 of the first profile and in the side walls 2 of the second profile, the connection of the profiles is fixed with a detachable connection.

[0040] To create a triple connection of the profiles, a second profile is mounted perpendicularly to the service crimp 6 of the first profile, which is made with a load-bearing blind end, and a third profile is mounted perpendicularly to the service crimp 6 of the load-bearing profile on the side opposite the second profile, with the end projections 4 remaining above the load-bearing profile. The connection of the profiles is secured with a detachable joint through connecting holes 8 made in the end projections 4 of the third profile, the service crimp 2 of the load-bearing profile, and the side walls 2 of the second profile.

[0041] After the structural member is formed from the specified profile, it is bounded externally to form a closed structure. Walls, ceilings, or other enclosing structures are used to bound the internal volume of the structure. The structural member assembled from the profile is mounted to these enclosures. Formwork, either removable or permanent, is used to encase the structural member. Process inlets are left in place to supply the resulting closed structural member with cement mixture (foam concrete, polystyrene concrete, etc.) made from the specified profile.Thanks to the technological openings 9 made in the base of the profile, the mixture is poured under pressure or gravity throughout the entire closed volume of the building structure made of the stated profile, uniformly filling the said volume and forming a monolithic structure, while the edge of the technological opening 10 ensures the preservation of the shape of the profile and the structure under the action of loads from enclosing structures, the loaded mixture or the weight of the structure itself.

[0042] In 2024, the inventor, while developing the profile, conducted a series of experiments using the comparison method with a reference sample and consisting of simultaneously ensuring the reliability of the profile and building structures as a whole and the completeness of filling the mixture of complex structural shapes from the profile.

[0043] The test structure was a single-row "blind" wall panel frame with sheathing studs spaced 600 mm apart and no lintels (see Fig. 9). The structure's profile was a C-shaped LSTC profile, 90 mm wide, 47 mm high, and 1.5 mm thick. The structure's dimensions were 1200 x 1200 mm (four cells on the sides of a 600 x 600 mm square). The structure was open at the top to allow for top-injection of the mixture. The lower cells were evaluated.

[0044] The reference sample was manufactured without technological holes. The test samples were profiles similar to the reference sample, with punched technological holes 9 and flanges 10 with the following parameters: width - from 22 to 32 mm, height - from 55 to 65 mm, pitch - from 75 to 90 mm, flange height - from 3 to 6 mm (from two to four profile thicknesses).

[0045] The value of deformation of the base 1 in mm and the degree of filling of the structure in % were selected as controlled parameters.

[0046] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1. Profile test results.

[0048]

[0049] Tests of profile designs demonstrated high fill rates due to the use of 9 technological openings in the base of the profile. However, increasing the size of the openings leads to increased deformation of the base of the profile, reduced stability of the profile and the overall structure against loads from the mixture, and, to a lesser extent, to the fill rate of the structure made from the specified profile with the mixture. Increasing the size of the 9 technological openings beyond the specified size significantly reduces the reliability of the structure.

[0050] Reducing the size of the process openings 9 reduces the deformation of the base 1 of the profile, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire structure under load while simultaneously reducing the fill factor of the structure, which is a fundamental criterion for building structures made from the specified profile. The size of the side of the process opening 9 significantly influences the degree of deformation of the base 1 and the profile as a whole and, consequently, the reliability of the structure. However, high sides 9 also create a barrier to the pouring of the mixture into the structure and, at the same time, complicate the production of such a profile. Therefore, increasing it more than four times the profile thickness (more than 6 mm) is not advisable, as is decreasing it to less than two profile thicknesses (less than 3 mm), which leads to a decrease in the profile's deformation resistance.

Claims

FORMULA 1. A profile for building structures comprising a base and side walls, the edges of the side walls being bent towards each other to form sides that act as stiffeners, stiffeners being made along the base of the profile symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of symmetry, characterized in that technological openings are made in the base of the profile along the longitudinal axis of symmetry between the longitudinally made stiffeners in the base of the profile, wherein the technological openings are made by bulging, protruding above the plane of the base and forming a side on the inner side of the base of the profile along the perimeter of the technological opening with the possibility of forming a stiffener and ensuring resistance to deformation of the profile when impacted thereon, wherein the height of the side of the technological opening is from two to four thicknesses of the profile, the sides of the opposite side walls of the profile on at least one of the sections of the profile are made symmetrically unbent.

2. The profile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is C-shaped in cross-section.

3. The profile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the stiffening ribs are made by rolling.

4. The profile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the technological holes are made with an equal pitch.

5. The profile according to item 1, characterized in that the technological holes are made at different pitches.

6. The profile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the share of the total area of ​​the technological openings from the total area of ​​the profile base is from 15 to 25%.

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