Thermosiphon heating system

Abstract

A thermosiphon heating system includes a heating unit for heating a working fluid therein. The heating unit includes an inlet to receive condensed working fluid and outlet to provide working fluid vapor. A heat exchanging component receives working fluid vapor from the outlet of the heating unit via first fluid flow path to utilize latent heat of working fluid vapor for heating utilities and provide condensed working fluid back to the inlet via a second fluid flow path. The heating unit, heat exchanging component, first fluid flow path and second fluid flow path are connected to define closed loop thermosiphon system. A fluid flow regulation mechanism is configured to regulate flow parameters associated with working fluid flowing through closed loop thermosiphon system in response to detecting change in operational parameter of the working fluid within heating unit.

Description

PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026THERMOSIPHON HEATING SYSTEM TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to heating systems for heating one or more utilities, such as water or air for heating indoor spaces, and more particularly to a thermosiphon condensation heating system designed for efficient heat transfer and temperature regulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Heating systems play a crucial role in maintaining comfortable indoor environments, especially in regions with cold climates. Heating systems are essential for residential, commercial, and industrial settings, ensuring the well-being and productivity of people by regulating indoor temperatures. In addition to comfort, heating systems contribute to safety and health by preventing issues such as frost damage and hypothermia. Heating systems’ significance also extends to agriculture, where temperature control is necessary for protecting crops and livestock during cold seasons.

[0003] Enhancing efficiency of heating systems is of paramount importance as energy consumption continues to rise. More efficient systems reduce energy costs for consumers and help lower the environmental impact by decreasing the demand for fossil fuels. Improved efficiency also contributes to energy security, allowing countries to rely less on external energy sources. Innovations in materials, control systems, and integration with renewable energy sources, such as solar or geothermal, are constantly evolving to meet the increasing demand for more sustainable and cost-effective heating solutions.

[0004] Despite their importance, heating systems face several challenges and limitations. One of the primary challenges is the aging infrastructure in many buildings, which often leads to inefficient energy use. Furthermore, the high initial cost of upgrading to more efficient systems, such as modern heat pumps or smart thermostats, is a barrier for widespread adoption. Additionally, there are technical limitations related to integrating heating systems with renewable energy sources, as they may not always be reliable or suitable for all environments. Balancing cost, efficiency, and environmental impact remains a significant hurdle in the continued development and deployment of these systems.

[0005] There are many methods developed for the purpose of improving heating systems. For example, Chinese Patent No. CN204301176U, hereinafter the ‘176 patent, relates to an energy-saving heating system designed to reduce the return water temperature and reclaim heat from urban sources, significantly enhancing energy efficiency. By incorporating multi- 1CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026stage heat exchangers, multistage absorption heat-exchange units, and multiple compression heat pumps, the system of the ‘176 patent repeatedly exchanges heat to maximize energy utilization and expand the service area of heat supply networks. This system integrates additional heat exchangers in steam power plants to utilize waste heat from condensing engines, while extracting condenser cooling water and capturing heat from steam turbine exhaust. The system lowers the return water temperature to below 2°C and increases backwater temperature to 108°C, reducing circulating water flow and energy consumption. By recovering waste heat from cooling towers and achieving a high compression refrigerating machine coefficient of performance (COP) value of 8 to 9, this system boosts heat transfer efficiency and reduces power consumption. However, one limitation of the system described in the ‘176 patent is the complexity and high cost of integrating multiple heat exchangers, pumps, and absorption units, which may limit its scalability and accessibility for smaller systems. Additionally, the system’s dependence on steam power plants and waste heat recovery may restrict its use in areas without such infrastructure.

[0006] In another example, Chinese Patent no. CN106813293B, hereinafter the ‘293 patent relates to a central heating system whole-network heat balance control method, designed to optimize heat distribution by automatically identifying the heat capacity of the source and adjusting the supply accordingly. When the heat supply is sufficient, the system ensures comfortable and uniform heating, while in cases of limited capacity, it balances heat distribution across the network to maintain efficiency. This method uses real-time calculations of thermic load variations based on indoorand outdoor temperature data, and evaluates heat supply capabilities by analyzing thermal indices within the heating network. It also incorporates a temperature control curve with a correction coefficient to adapt to actual heat supply conditions, making it usable for central heating system management. A drawback of this central heating system control method is its reliance on accurate real-time data and complex algorithms for heat load prediction, which can lead to inefficiencies if sensor data or calculations are faulty. Furthermore, the system's effectiveness may be reduced in heating networks with outdated or poorly maintained infrastructure that cannot support its advanced control mechanisms.

[0007] There is, therefore, a need for a heating system that can address one or more of the aforementioned problems and can efficiently and effectively integrate heat recovery technologies without requiring complex or costly infrastructure. There is further a need for a system that can optimize heat distribution with minimal reliance on advanced algorithms, ensuring reliable performance even in older or less-maintained networks.2CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0008] This summary is intended to provide an overview of the subject matter of the present disclosure and is not intended to identify essential elements or key elements of the subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter. The proper scope of the present disclosure may be ascertained from the claims set forth below in view of the detailed description below and the drawings.

[0009] In an aspect, a thermosiphon heating system is provided. The system includes a heating unit for heating a working fluid therein. The heating unit includes an inlet to receive condensed working fluid and an outlet to provide working fluid vapor. A heat exchanging component receives the working fluid vapor from the outlet of the heating unit via a first fluid flow path to utilize latent heat of working fluid vapor for heating utilities and provide condensed working fluid back to the inlet via a second fluid flow path. The heating unit, the heat exchanging component, the first fluid flow path and the second fluid flow path are connected to define a closed loop thermosiphon system. A fluid flow regulation mechanism is configured to regulate one or more flow parameters associated with the working fluid flowing through the closed loop thermosiphon system in response to detecting change in an operational parameter of the working fluid within the heating unit.

[0010] According to one or more embodiments, the present disclosure is directed to a thermosiphon condensation heating system configured to operate below atmospheric pressure for heating one or more utilities, such as an indoor space and / or water. In an embodiment, the heating system is a closed loop thermosiphon condensation heating system.. In an example, the thermosiphon condensation heating system may include a housing, a heating unit, a closed-loop thermosiphon system, one or more thermal sensors, a fluid pump, and a controlling unit. The housing may include an air outlet installed underneath. The housing may be divided to at least two compartments via one or more dividing plates. In an embodiment, a first compartment of the at least two compartments may be connected to a second compartment of the at least two compartments. The at least two compartments may be configured to direct heated air in a spiral path toward the air outlet. The heating unit may include a perforated heater installed therein and a premixing fan. The perforated heater may be extended longitudinally downwardly along a vertical axis from a top of the housing. The premixing fan may be connected to the perforated heater. The premixing fan may be installed on top of the housing. The heating unit may include a tubular coil installed within the housing, surrounding the perforated heater. The system includes a heat exchange component 3CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026configured to heat one or more utilities, such as air of the indoor space and / or water. In an example implementation, the heat exchange component may include a a condensation heating component for heating air and a heat exchanger for providing hot water. The example heat exchange component is configured to utilize a vaporized heat-transfer working fluid to deliver heat to both air and water. The vaporized working fluid exits the heating unit through the first end of the tubular coil (orthe outlet) and moves through the closed-loop thermosiphon system due to pressure differentials created by condensation and evaporation cycles. The vaporized heat-transfer fluid may move to the condensation heating component and the heat exchanger via a first fluid flow path and return back after condensation to the tubular coil via a second fluid flow path for repeating the cycle. The condensation heating component and the heat exchanger are configured to utilize latent heat of the heat-transfer fluid (or working fluid) vapor for transferring heat to water and / or the air within the space in which the system is placed. Additionally, a fluid pump may be positioned in the second fluid flow path and configured to assist in returning the condensed heat-transfer fluid to the heating unit, ensuring continuous circulation and efficient heat transfer within the system.

[0011] In an embodiment, the at least two thermal sensors may be installed at a first end of the tubular coil with a predetermined distance to each other. The first end of the tubular coil may be on top delivering steam or vapor of the heat-transfer fluid out from the outlet of the heating unit. For example, the first end of the tubular coil may be placed on top of the housing and fluidly connected to the outlet of the heating unit. In some examples, the first end of the coil may itself be configured as the outlet of the heating unit. Further, the fluid pump may be installed on a second end of the tubular coil, for example, at a lower part or in fluid communication with the inlet of the heating unit. The fluid pump is placed underneath the housing. In the closed-loop thermosiphon system, the condensed working fluid naturally returns to the heating unit due to gravity, accumulating at the coil input (following a second fluid flow path). The vaporized fluid exiting the coil may create a momentum change and / or a back pressure, which can push the returning condensed working fluid back along its path. To counteract this backward force and maintain fluid circulation, the fluid pump is used. The fluid pump’s operation is controlled by a control signal from the controlling unit that is modulated based on temperature readings from the sensors, ensuring proper fluid flow. In an embodiment, the controlling unit may be electrically connected to the at least two thermal sensors, the fluid pump, and the premixing fan. In one example, the controlling unit may be configured to determine a difference between a first temperature T 1 sensed by the first thermal sensor and a second temperature T2 sensed by the second thermal sensor and modulate the 4CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026fluid pump to fill the tubular coil with the heat-transfer fluid when the difference between the first temperature T1 and the second temperature T2 is higher than a threshold value, thereby indicating an increase in the evaporation temperature of the working fluid. In an embodiment, the threshold value may be at least 1 degree Celsius (1°C). In some other examples, the system may include a third sensor configured to monitor a third temperature (T3) that may be set for the system which corresponds to the evaporation temperature of the heat-transfer fluid at the pressure within the closed-loop thermosiphon system. The example T3 may be used for modulating the fluid pump by the controlling unit, ensuring proper system regulation. By setting T3, the operating conditions of the system may be defined. T3 may then be used to regulate the fluid pump by the controlling unit, which manages the fluid's flow and circulation. In essence, T3 may serve as a key parameter for monitoring and adjusting the closed-loop system's conditions, allowing it to function smoothly and efficiently by controlling the pressure and temperature of the heat-transfer fluid.

[0012] The controlling unit may be configured to modulate the fluid pump to regulate the heat-transfer fluid circulation within the closed-loop thermosiphon system. The fluid pump may facilitate the movement of the heat-transfer fluid within the closed-loop thermosiphon system. In an example implementation, the fluid pump may be configured to adjust or modulate one or more fluid flow parameters, such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc., associated with the working fluid flowing through the system. For example, the system maintains a balance in the fluid cycle, and additional heat-transfer fluid may be introduced into the system by modulating the fluid pump only if losses occur due to leakage or maintenance requirements. In an embodiment, the heat exchange component, including both the condensation heating component and the heat exchanger, ensures efficient heat transfer for both air and water heating. The vaporized heat-transfer fluid condenses and returns to the heating unit to repeat the cycle. Examples of the working fluid or the heat-transfer fluid may include one or more of distilled water, alcohols, refrigerants, and combinations thereof. In an example implementation, a volume ratio of distilled water volume to a total volume of the closed-loop thermosiphon system may be at least 10%.

[0013] In an embodiment, the thermosiphon condensation heating system may further include a first valve installed at an outlet for the condensed heat-transfer fluid from the heat exchanger. Further, the thermosiphon condensation heating system may include a second valve installed at an outlet for condensed heat-transfer fluid from each of the at least one condensation heating component.5CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026

[0014] In an embodiment, the at least two compartments of the housing may facilitate a spiral flow of heated air (flowing from inner space of the tubular coil toward outer space of the tubular coil radially and in reverse from the outer space of the tubular coil toward the inner space of the tubular coil radially), enhancing heat absorption from the heated air by the heattransfer fluid within the tubular coil. For example, the tubular coil may be made of at least one of corrosion resistant steel, polyethylene, copper, aluminum, and combinations thereof.

[0015] In an embodiment, the at least two thermal sensors may include a first thermal sensor and a second thermal sensor. The first thermal sensor may be installed at the first end of the tubular coil within the housing (within the combustion area) where the tubular coil is filled with the heat-transfer fluid. In an embodiment, the second thermal sensor may be installed at the first end of the tubular coil at a first distance of at least 1 centimeter (cm) to the first thermal sensor. The first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor may be installed in sequence along the first end of the tubular coil.

[0016] In an embodiment, the thermosiphon condensation heating system may further include a third thermal sensor installed at the first end of the tubular coil between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor with a second distance of the third thermal sensor to the first thermal sensor of at least 1 cm.

[0017] In an embodiment, the thermosiphon condensation heating system may further include a vacuum valve. The vacuum valve may be installed at a highest point of the closed-loop thermosiphon system. The vacuum valve may be connected to a vacuum pump when vacuuming the closed-loop thermosiphon system at an initialization stage and after installation of the thermosiphon condensation heating system.

[0018] In an example implementation, the tubular coil may include a spiral coil, with a spacing between each turn of at least 0.4 mm. The thermosiphon condensation heating system may further include at least one heat exchange component installed within the closed-loop thermosiphon system. The at least one heat exchange component may be used to heat at least one of water, air, and combinations thereof. In an embodiment, the heat-transfer fluid absorbs heat and vaporizes in the tubular coil located within the heating unit. By lowering the pressure inside the closed loop thermosiphon system, the evaporation temperature of the working fluid or the heat transfer fluid is lowered. Therefore, the fluid in the coil will be evaporated — changing its physical state — at the coil output after absorbing heat from the coil body. Therefore, the fluid carries the absorbed latent heat instead of the sensible heat that is carried by fluid in the ordinary condensation heating system. The vaporized heat-transfer fluid then travels through the closed-loop thermosiphon system to the heat exchange component,6CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026which includes a heat exchanger for heating water and a condensation heating component for heating air. As the vaporized fluid reaches the heat exchanger, it condenses and releases its latent heat, which is transferred to water flowing through the heat exchanger. Similarly, in the condensation heating component, the released heat warms the surrounding air before the heat-transfer fluid returns to the tubular coil for re-vaporization, ensuring continuous heat transfer. In an embodiment, the tubular coil may be made of at least one of corrosion resistant steel, copper coated with anti-corrosion materials, aluminum coated with anti-corrosion materials, and combinations thereof.

[0019] In an embodiment, the heat-exchange component may include one or more of a heat exchanger, a condensation heating component, and combinations thereof. The heat exchanger may be used to provide hot water, whereas the condensation heating component may be used to warm an environment or space.

[0020] In an embodiment, the housing may include at least one dividing plate installed therein to direct flow and maximize flow path of the heated air. For example, the at least one dividing plate may be made of at least one of metals, insulating materials, and combinations thereof.

[0021] In an embodiment, the thermosiphon condensation heating system may further include a support base installed within the housing. The support base may be used to hold the at least one dividing plate.

[0022] According to one or more embodiments, the present disclosure is directed to a method for operating the thermosiphon condensation heating system. The method may include determining a first temperature profile of a first end of a tubular coil installed within the housing via a first thermal sensor, in which the tubular coil is filled with a heat-transfer fluid, determining a second temperature profile of the tubular coil with a distance of at least 1 cm from the first thermal sensor via a second thermal sensor, transferring data of the first temperature profile and the second temperature profile to a controlling unit, comparing the first temperature profile and the second temperature profile via the controlling unit to determine a change in evaporation temperature of the heat transfer fluid, and modulating a fluid pump to fill the tubular coil with the heat-transfer fluid where the first thermal sensor is installed, when a difference between the first temperature profile and the second temperature profile is higher than a threshold of at least 1°C.

[0023] In an embodiment, the method may further include determining a third temperature profile of the tubular coil via a third thermal sensor. The third thermal sensor may7CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026be installed between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor at a distance of at least 1 cm from the first thermal sensor.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord with the present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements.

[0025] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an example thermosiphon heating system, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the thermosiphon heating system, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 3 illustrates an enlarged view of a heating unit within the thermosiphon condensation heating system, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 4 illustrates a sectional view of the heating unit within the thermosiphon heating system, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 5 illustrates an example heat exchanging component including at least one isolation valve associated with a plurality of condensation heating systems, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 6 illustrates the example heat exchanging component including at least one isolation valve associated with the heat exchanger, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 7 illustrates a front view of the heat exchanger, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 8 illustrates a rear view of the heat exchanger, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method for operating the thermosiphon heating system, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0034] The features which are believed to be characteristic of the present disclosure, as to its structure, organization, use and method of operation, together with further objectives and advantages thereof, will be better understood from the following discussion. The following detailed description is presented to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the methods and devices disclosed in exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.8CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026Descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments are provided only as representative examples. Various modifications to the embodiments described herein will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other implementations and applications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0035] In the following description, it is to be understood that the terms "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", “horizontal”, "height", "width", "thickness", "top", "bottom", "front", "back", and the like, will be used. These terms are meant to describe the orientation of the components of the present disclosure when positioned in a thermosiphon condensation heating system and are not intended to limit the scope of the subject matter in any way. For example, the term “vertical” or “longitudinal” is used herein to refer to the “Y”, or longitudinal axis denoting a “height” of the system. It will be appreciated that the longitudinal axis may be referred to generally as “vertical” in the context where the system is positioned upright. The term “lateral” or “horizontal” is used herein to refer to the x-z plane containing the “X” axis denoting a “width” and the “Z” axis denoting a “thickness” of the assembly. Additionally, the terms “top” and “bottom” refer to the longitudinal top portion and the longitudinal bottom portion of a component disposed along the longitudinal axis when the system is in the upright position. As such, these terms will be understood to mean relative orientations and positional relationships of the components in the system and are not intended to mean orientations and positional relationships with respect to an external reference point.

[0036] The present disclosure is directed to an example heating system, such as a thermosiphon heating system. The thermosiphon heating system may be designed to heat one or more utilities, such as air for heating a space and / or providing hot water to facilities. In an example implementation, the thermosiphon heating system may include a housing, a heating unit, a closed-loop thermosiphon system, one or more thermal sensors, a fluid pump, and a controlling unit. The heating unit may include a perforated heater and a premixing fan. The perforated heater may be extended longitudinally along a vertical axis within the housing, providing a central heat source. The perforated heater may be installed to extend longitudinally downwardly from the top of the housing. To enhance the heating process, the premixing fan may be installed on top of the housing. The premixing fan may be connected to the perforated heater. The premixing fan may improve combustion in the perforated heater by enhancing air and feed mixture circulation within the perforated heater. In an embodiment, a feed, such as a feed of natural gas, may be utilized for combustion within the perforated heater.

[0037] The closed-loop thermosiphon system may include a tubular coil installed within the housing, at least one condensation heating component installed within the space 9CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026that is aimed to be heated, and at least one heat exchanger used for heating water. The tubular coil may encircle or surround the perforated heater. For example, the tubular coil may be made of at least one of corrosion resistant steel, copper coated with anti-corrosion materials, aluminum coated with anti-corrosion materials, and combinations thereof. In an embodiment, the thermosiphon heating system may include at least one working fluid (hereinafter referred to as the heat-transfer fluid) circulating within the closed-loop thermosiphon system. The thermosiphon heating system may use latent heat of the heat-transfer fluid vapor for transferring heat to water and / or the space. The housing may include an air outlet installed underneath. The tubular coil may include a spiral coil, with a spacing between all turns ranging from 5% to 15% of the spiral tubular coil pitch. A space inside or the internal volume of the housing may be divided into at least two compartments. The at least two compartments may be separated by a dividing plate. The housing may include at least one dividing plate installed within the housing to direct the flow of the heated air. The at least one dividing plate may be made of at least one of metals, insulating materials, and combinations thereof. The heating unit may further include a support base installed within the housing. The support base may be used to hold the at least one dividing plate. In some other examples, the dividing plate may be installed using a spiral rolling mechanism, enabling it to be fixed at any desired position within the housing without the need for a support base. The at least two compartments of the housing may facilitate a spiral flow of the heated air toward the air outlet, thereby improving heat absorption by the heat-transfer fluid inside the tubular coil. The at least two compartments may be interconnected, allowing flow of air and heat between the at least two compartments. The heated air may pass through the spacing between each turn of the tubular coil. The closed-loop thermosiphon system may be partially filled with a heat-transfer fluid. Examples of the heat-transfer fluid may include at least one of water, distilled water, alcohols, refrigerants, and combinations thereof. Examples of the refrigerant may include at least one of hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroolefins, and combinations thereof. For example, hydrochlorofluorocarbons may include chlorodifluoromethane. Examples of hydrofluorocarbons may include at least one of 1 ,1 ,1 ,2-tetrafluoroethan, a blend of pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and 1,1,1 -Trifluoroethane, a blend of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane, a blend of difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and combinations thereof. Further, examples of hydrofluoroolefins may include 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Examples of alcohol may include at least one of isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, and combinations thereof. In an10CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026example implementation, a volume ratio of water to a total volume of the closed-loop thermosiphon system may be at least 10%.

[0038] Further, the one or more thermal sensors include at least two thermal sensors that may be positioned at a first end of the tubular coil. The first end of the tubular coil may be located on top of the housing and is in fluid communication with the outlet of the heating unit. The at least two thermal sensors may monitor temperature of the first end of the tubular coil. The at least two thermal sensor may include a first thermal sensor and a second thermal sensor. The first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor may be installed with a distance of at least 1 cm. The first thermal sensor may be installed within the housing. A fluid pump may be installed at a second end of the tubular coil, situated beneath the housing. The at least two thermal sensors and the fluid pump may work to ensure smooth operation, with the at least two sensors providing real-time temperature data. In some example implementations, the thermosiphon heating system may further include a third thermal sensor installed between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor. The third thermal sensor may be used for determining a precise thermal gradient between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor, indicating the temperature at which the heat transfer fluid changes from a liquid state (at the first sensor) to the vapor state (at the second sensor). This temperature gradient is representative of the evaporation temperature of the heat transfer fluid. The first thermal sensor, the second thermal sensor, and the third thermal sensor may be installed in a sequence. The first thermal sensor may be installed at the first end of the tubular coil at a point that is filled with the heat-transfer fluid. In an embodiment, the second thermal sensor may be installed at a distance of at least 1 cm to the first thermal sensor where there is a heat-transfer fluid vapor within the tubular coil. A first temperature T 1 sensed by the first thermal sensor may be lower / equal to a second temperature T2 sensed by the second thermal sensor as the heat-transfer fluid may have a lower / equal temperature to the heattransfer fluid vapor. In an embodiment, when a difference between the first temperature and the second temperature reaches or exceeds a threshold value of at least 1°C, the fluid pump may be modulated to fill the tubular coil with the heat-transfer fluid. Increase in the first temperature may be due to absence of the heat-transfer fluid at the place where the first thermal sensor is installed. The controlling unit may be electrically connected to the at least two thermal sensors, the fluid pump, and the premixing fan. The controlling unit may evaluate the first temperature and the second temperature. The controlling unit may be configured to modulate the fluid pump when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is higher than a threshold value of at least 1°C. Modulating the fluid pump may 11CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026fill the tubular coil with the heat-transfer fluid to maintain optimal heat circulation, and ensure efficient performance of the thermosiphon heating system. The heat-transfer fluid may circulate within the closed-loop thermosiphon system via a first fluid flow path carrying the vaporized heat transfer fluid from the heating unit to the heat exchange components and via a second fluid flow path carrying the condensed heat transfer fluid from the heat exchange components back to the heating unit for reheating. The controlling unit may further communicate with at least two sensors positioned within the perforated heater and configured to monitor one or more properties of the combustion process occurring inside the heater. For example, the sensors may include at least one of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow-rate sensor, ion sensor, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) sensors, positive temperature coefficient (PTC) sensors, thermocouple, thermostats, fluid flow switches, flame detectors, gas and / or CO sensors, and combinations thereof. The ion sensor may include electrodes enclosed in a ceramic insulator. The electrodes may detect presence and quality of flames by measuring ionization produced during combustion the perforated heater. When a flame is present, the ion sensor may generate ions that are attracted to the electrodes, creating a small electric signal. The generated electric signal may be processed by the controlling unit. The controlling unit may monitor the flame's stability and take action if necessary, including shutting down the perforated heater in case of flame failure. The ion sensor may play a crucial role in ensuring safety and efficiency of the thermosiphon heating system by providing real-time feedback on flame status.

[0039] In an example implementation, the thermosiphon heating system may further include a vacuum valve installed at a highest point of the closed-loop thermosiphon system. The vacuum valve may be connected to a vacuum pump when vacuuming the closed-loop thermosiphon system, for example, at an initialization stage and after installation of the thermosiphon heating system. The thermosiphon heating system may further include at least one heat exchange component. The heat exchange component may be installed within the closed-loop thermosiphon system. The at least one heat-exchange component may be used to heat at least one of water, air, and combinations thereof. In an embodiment, the heatexchange component may include at least one of a heat exchanger, a condensation heating component, and combinations thereof. The heat exchanger may be used to provide hot water, whereas the condensation heating component may be used to warm a space or an environment.

[0040] The thermosiphon heating system may further include a first valve installed at an outlet of the heat exchanger to control a flow of the condensed heat-transfer fluid from the 12CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026heat exchanger to the heating unit. In an example implementation, the first valve may include a solenoid valve. Placing the first valve at the outlet of the condensed water path may be cost-effective because the diameter of the evaporation pipeline for vapor-phase fluid is larger than that of the condensed fluid pipeline. Further, by installing the first valve in the smaller-diameter condensed fluid path, the overall system cost is reduced, and the wear and tear on the first valve is minimized due to the lower mechanical stress associated with the smaller pipeline size. In an example, the first valve may also serve to isolate the heat exchanger from the thermosiphon loop when needed.

[0041] In an example implementation, the condensation heating system may further include at least one second valve installed at an outlet of each of the one or more condensation heating component. The at least one second valve may be used to isolate or remove at least one of the condensation heating component from the thermosiphon closed-loop when necessary. Placing the second valve at the outlet of the condensed water path may be cost-effective because the diameter of an exemplary evaporation pipeline for vapor-phase fluid is larger than that of the condensed fluid pipeline. For example, by installing the second valve in the smaller-diameter condensed fluid path, the overall system cost is reduced, and the wear and tear on the second valve is minimized due to the lower mechanical stress associated with the smaller pipeline size. In an example implementation, the at least one second valve may include a solenoid valve.

[0042] In an embodiment, the closed-loop thermosiphon system may include internal pressure below 1 atmosphere (atm). In an example implementation, a volume ratio of distilled water in liquid state to a volume of the closed-loop thermosiphon system may be at least 10%. The thermosiphon condensation heating system may use thermosiphon process for at least one of heating environment, providing hot water, and combinations thereof. Further, as used herein “an example thermosiphon system” may refer to a natural circulation system that may utilize heat for heat-transfer fluid movement. For example, the thermosiphon system may include a closed loop with two sections: a heated zone at bottom and a cooler zone at the top. When heat may be applied to the heated zone, the heat-transfer fluid may expand and become less dense. The lighter heat-transfer fluid may rise through a loop, while the cooler, denser heat-transfer fluid from top may sink down. This process may create a continuous circulation that may transfer heat from the hot zone to the cooler zone.

[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an example heating system, such as a thermosiphon condensation heating system 102, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. In an example implementation, the thermosiphon condensation 13CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026heating system 102 (hereinafter referred to as the thermosiphon heating system or the system 102) may include a housing 104, a heating unit 108, a closed-loop thermosiphon system 107, one or more thermal sensors (shown in FIG. 3), a fluid pump 103, and a controlling unit 109. The housing 104 may include an air outlet 105 installed underneath the housing 104. The controlling unit 109 may be electrically connected to the fluid pump 103, the sensors, and the heating unit 108. In an embodiment, the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102 may further include at least one heat-exchange component. In an exemplary embodiment, the heatexchange component may include at least one condensation heating component 106 and at least one heat exchanger 164. The heat-exchange component may be installed within the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. In an embodiment, heat exchanger 164 may be used to provide hot water. In an exemplary embodiment the condensation heating component 106 may be used to warm an environment, such as a room. In an embodiment, the thermosiphon heating system 102 may further include a vacuum valve 110. The vacuum valve 110 may be positioned at the highest point of the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. The vacuum valve 110 may be designed to be connected to a vacuum pump when necessary, such as during system installation, maintenance, or troubleshooting. Since the pressure within the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 is maintained below atmospheric pressure, the vacuum valve 110 allows for controlled evacuation of air from the system. The vacuum valve 110 may ensure that the system remains properly sealed and operates under the intended pressure conditions. When not in use, the vacuum valve 110 may remain closed to maintain the integrity of the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 and prevent any external air from entering.

[0044] FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the thermosiphon heating system 102. In an embodiment, the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 may include an internal pressure below 1 atmosphere (atm) to enhance efficiency of the heat-transfer fluid circulation and thermal transfer within the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102. For example, the internal pressure below the standard atmospheric pressure reduces the evaporation temperature of the heat transfer fluid, allowing it to evaporate and condense at lower temperatures, thereby providing an efficient circulation of the heat transfer fluid within the system 102. In some examples, the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 may be made of at least one of corrosive-resistant steel, polyethylene, copper, aluminum, and combinations thereof, providing durability and compatibility with various thermal and environmental conditions. The thermosiphon condensation heating system 102 may further include a oneway valve 112 configured to control a direction of fluid flow within the closed loop thermosiphon system 107. For example, the one-way valve 112 may be configured to direct the heat-transfer 14CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026fluid in a single direction, such as toward the fluid pump 103, and prevent backflow, thereby ensuring efficient operation of the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. The air outlet 105 may be fluidly connected to a vertically aligned tube to direct heated air exiting from the housing 104 (not shown here), thereby facilitating efficient removal of heated air and aiding in heat dissipation from the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102. In an exemplary embodiment, thermosiphon heating system 102 may further include a drain valve 111 connected to air outlet 105. Drain valve 111 may serve as a controlled discharge point for removing unwanted liquids or condensed gases that may accumulate within the air outlet 105.

[0045] FIG. 3 illustrates an enlarged perspective view of the heating unit 108 within the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102. FIG. 4 illustrates a sectional view of the heating unit 108. In an example implementation, the heating unit 108 may be configured to provide heated working fluid or heat transfer fluid, such as heat-transfer fluid vapor to at least one condensation heating component 106 and the at least one heat exchanger 164 through the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. In an embodiment, the heating unit 108 may include a premixing fan 122 and a perforated heater 123. The perforated heater 123 may be extended longitudinally along a vertical axis 131 within the housing 104 and is configured to be a central heat source for the system 102. In an example implementation, the premixing fan 122 may be placed at a predetermined longitudinal distance of 5 centimeters (cm) to 30 cm from the perforated heater 123. The premixing fan 122 is configured to enhance or increase the combustion within the perforated heater 123 by enhancing circulation of a predetermined ratio of air and feed (such as natural gas) mixture within the perforated heater 123. In some examples, the predetermined air to feed ratio may be within a range of 13.6:1 to 18.4:1. The perforated heater 123 may include a plurality of perforations to allow flow of heat from inside the perforated heater 123 to an exterior environment, such as the internal volume of the housing 104 outside the perforated heater 123. The plurality of perforations may have any shape or size, such as circle, square, rectangle, triangle, oval, and / or combinations thereof. The perforated heater 123 may use at least one feed for combustion. In some example implementations, the feed may include natural gas. The heat generated from combusting the feed may pass from inside the perforated heater 123 to the exterior environment of the perforated heater 123 via the plurality of perforations. The premixing fan 122 may be placed above the perforated heater 123 and may be configured to facilitate flow of the feed through the perforated heater 123. In an example implementation, the premixing fan 122 may have an airflow volume or capacity in a range of 100 Cubic Feet per Minute (CFM) to 4000 CFM.15CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026

[0046] In an example embodiment, the housing 104 further accommodates therein a tubular coil 129 configured to receive the heat transfer fluid therein. The heat transfer fluid is heated by the heat generated from the perforated heater 123 and is converted into heat transfer fluid vapor that travels to the at least one condensation heating component 106 and at least one heat exchanger 164 via a first fluid flow path (shown by arrows 141 in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. The condensed heat transfer fluid is returned to the heating unit 108 from the heat exchanger 164 and the condensation heating component 106 via a second fluid flow path (shown by arrows 143 in FIGS. 1 and 2). In an embodiment, the system 102 further includes a fluid flow regulation mechanism configured to regulate one or more flow parameters, such as flow rate, volume, temperature, etc., associated with the working fluid flowing through the closed loop thermosiphon system 107 in response to detecting a change in an operational parameter, such as an evaporation temperature, of the working fluid within the heating unit 108. To that end, the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102 may include at least two thermal sensors, such as a first thermal sensor 127 and a second thermal sensor 125. The first thermal sensor 127 may be installed at a first end 124 of the tubular coil 129. The first end 124 of the tubular coil 129 is located on top of the housing 104. The second thermal sensor 125 may also be installed on the first end 124 of the tubular coil 129 at a predefined longitudinal distance from the first thermal sensor 127. In an example, the first thermal sensor 127 and the second thermal sensor 125 may be positioned at a longitudinal distance of at least 1 cm from one another. The first and the second thermal sensors 127, 125 may be configured to monitor temperature of the first end 124 of the tubular coil 129. Further, the fluid pump 103 may be connected to a second end 132 of tubular coil 129, situated beneath the housing 104. Each of the first thermal sensor 127, the second thermal sensor 125, and the fluid pump 103 are configured to cooperate to regulate fluid flow within the system and ensure smooth operation, with the two sensors providing real-time temperature data, for example, to the controlling unit 109. In an embodiment, the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102 may further include a third thermal sensor 126 installed between the first thermal sensor 127 and the second thermal sensor 125. The third thermal sensor 126 may be used for determining a precise thermal gradient between the first thermal sensor 127 and the second thermal sensor 125, indicating the evaporation temperature of the heat-transfer fluid. In some example implementations, the first thermal sensor 127, the second thermal sensor 125, and the third thermal sensor 126 may be installed in a linear sequence. In an embodiment, the first thermal sensor 127 may be installed at the first end 124 of the tubular coil 129 at a point that is filled with a heat-transfer 16CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026fluid in liquid state. The second thermal sensor 125 may be installed at a distance of at least 1 cm above the first thermal sensor 127 where there is a heat-transfer fluid vapor (in vaporized state) within the tubular coil 129. A first temperature T 1 sensed by the first thermal sensor 127 may be less than or equal to a second temperature T2 sensed by the second thermal sensor 125 as the heated heat-transfer fluid proximal to the first sensor 127 may have a temperature less than or equal to the heat-transfer fluid vapor that is proximal to the second sensor 125. In an embodiment, when a difference between the first temperature T1 and the second temperature T2 exceeds a threshold value, the fluid pump 103 may be modulated to fill the tubular coil 129 with the heat-transfer fluid. In an embodiment, the controlling unit 109 may be electrically connected to each of the first thermal sensor 127, the second thermal sensor 125, the fluid pump 103, and the premixing fan 122. The controlling unit 109 may be configured to monitor the first temperature T 1 and the second temperature T2 and modulate the fluid pump 103 to fill the tubular coil 129 with the heat-transfer fluid when a difference between the first temperature T1 and the second temperature T2 is greater than a threshold value. In an example implementation, the threshold value may be at least 1 degree Celsius (1°C). For example, modulating the fluid pump 103 may direct the heat-transfer fluid into the tubular coil 129, thereby maintaining optimal heat circulation and ensuring efficient performance of the system 102. In an embodiment, the heat-transfer fluid may circulate within the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 (as will be described in further detail in the following description).

[0047] In an embodiment, the heating unit 108 may include at least two sensors configured to monitor the combustion process within the perforated heater 123. For example, the sensors may include at least one of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow-rate sensor, ion sensor, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) sensors, positive temperature coefficient (PTC) sensors, thermocouple, thermostats, fluid flow switches, flame detectors, gas and / or CO sensors, and combinations thereof. In an embodiment, the heating unit 108 may include an ion sensor (not shown) including one or more electrodes enclosed in a ceramic insulator and placed within the perforated heater 123. The electrodes may detect presence and quality of flames by measuring ionization produced during combustion within the perforated heater 123. When a flame is present, the ion sensor may generate ions that are attracted to the electrodes, creating a small electric signal. The generated electric signal may be processed by the controlling unit 109. The controlling unit 109 may monitor the flame's stability and take action if necessary, such as shutting down the perforated heater 123 in case of flame failure. The ion sensor may ensure safety and efficiency of the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102 by providing real-time feedback on flame status.17CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026

[0048] Further, the tubular coil 129 may be disposed around so as to encircle the perforated heater 123 within the housing 104. In an embodiment, the tubular coil 129 may be made of one or more of a corrosion resistant steel, polyethylene, copper, and aluminum. Further, the tubular coil 129 may be implemented as a spiral coil, with a spacing between all turns ranging from 5% to 15% of the spiral tubular coil pitch. The heated air in the housing 104 may pass through the tubular coil 129 via the spacing between each turn of the tubular coil 129, thereby heating the heat-transfer fluid therein.

[0049] In an example implementation, the internal volume or space of the housing 104 may be divided into at least two compartments. In some other examples, the housing 104 may be divided to three compartments (for example, as shown in FIG. 3). The three compartments may include a first compartment 133, a second compartment 134, and a third compartment 135 that may be separated by a first dividing plate 128, a second dividing plate 136, and a third dividing plate 130, respectively. The first dividing plate 128, the second dividing plate 136 and the third dividing plate 130 may be positioned so as to direct flow of the heated air, for example, as shown by arrows 144 in FIG. 4. In some other examples, housing 104 may include only two dividing plates installed therein to direct flow direction of the heated air. In some examples, the first dividing plate 128, the second dividing plate 136, and the third dividing plate 130 may be made of at least one of metals, insulating materials, and combinations thereof.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 4, the heating unit 108 may further include a support base 142 installed within the housing 104. The support base 142 may be configured to hold the first dividing plate 128, the second dividing plate 136, and the third dividing plate 130. In some other implementations, the dividing plates 128, 136, and 130 may be installed using a spiral rolling mechanism, allowing the dividing plates 128, 136, and 130 to be fixed at any desired position within housing 104 without the need for the support base 142.

[0051] In an embodiment, the first compartment 146, the second compartment 148, and the third compartment 149 of the housing 104 may be configured to facilitate a spiral flow (shown by arrows 144) of the heated air, thereby improving heat absorption by the heattransfer fluid within the tubular coil 129 from the surrounding heated air. The first compartment 146, the second compartment 148, and the third compartment 149 may be interconnected, thereby allowing the flow of air and heat among them via the spacing between each turn of the tubular coil 129.

[0052] Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2, the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 may be partially filled with a heat-transfer fluid. Examples of the heat-transfer fluid may include,18CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026but are not limited to, one or more of water, distilled water, alcohols, and refrigerants. For example, the refrigerant may include one or more of hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, and hydrofluoro-olefins. In an example, the hydrochlorofluorocarbons may include chlorodifluoromethane. In an example, the hydrofluorocarbons may include one or more of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethan, a blend of pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and 1,1,1 -Trifluoroethane, a blend of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane, a blend of difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and 2, 3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Examples of the hydrofluoroolefins may include 2, 3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Further, the alcohol may include one or more of isopropyl alcohol, and ethanol. In an example implementation, a volume ratio of water volume to a total volume of closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 may be in a range of 20% to 40%.

[0053] FIG. 5 illustrates the example heat exchange component including a plurality of condensation heating systems 106 that are configured to heat multiple spaces, for example within a building or a facility. In an embodiment, the system 102 includes one or more valves 152 positioned within the second fluid flow path, such as an outlet of each of the one or more condensation heating component 106 (only one valve shown) within the heat exchange component. The example valve 152 (hereinafter referred to as a second valve 152) is configured to allow for isolating or removing at least one condensation heating component 106 from the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 when needed. For example, one or more of the condensation heating components 106 may need to be disconnected from the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 for maintenance, repair, or when certain heating zones do not require operation, or when the location — a specific room or part of the building being heated by a respective one of the condensation heating system 106 reaches to a temperature set by a user on that location on a thermostat allowing for better energy efficiency. When the second valve 152 is closed, the associated condensation heating component 106 is isolated or removed from the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107, thus preventing the flow of condensed heat-transfer fluid. In normal operation, the condensed heat-transfer fluid flows from the condensation heating components 106 through the second valve 152 and returns to the heating unit 108 via the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. The system 102 utilizes the fluid pump 103 (shown in FIGs 1 and 2) to ensure continuous circulation of the heattransfer fluid, maintaining effective heat transfer and system efficiency. Installing the second valve 152 at the outlet of each condensation heating component 106 is an optional method to enable isolating one or more of the heating areas from the rest of the building. In an example, the system may include at least one thermostat in each location that may be configured to 19CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026control the second valve 152 to open / close the returning pathway of the condensed heating fluid to the heating unit 108. The reason for employing the second valve 152 at the output instead of the input of condensation heating component 106 is that the volume of the flow after condensation is significantly lower, and a smaller size valve, for its lower cost / maintenance, is suitable. Placing the second valve 152 at the outlet of the condensed water path may be cost-effective because the diameter of the evaporation pipeline for vapor-phase fluid is larger than that of the condensed fluid pipeline. Further, by installing the second valve 152 in the smaller-diameter condensed fluid path, the overall system cost is reduced, and the wear and tear on the second valve is minimized due to the lower mechanical stress associated with the smaller pipeline size. In an example implementation, the at least one second valve 152 may include a solenoid valve.

[0054] FIG. 6 illustrates the example heat exchange component including at least one first valve 162 installed at an outlet of a heat exchanger 164 to control the flow of condensed heat-transfer fluid. For example, in normal operation, the heated fluid (vapor-phase heattransferfluid) enters the heat exchanger 164, where it releases heat and condenses into liquid form. The condensed fluid then exits the heat exchanger 164 through the first valve 162 and returns to the heating unit 108, ensuring continuous circulation within the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. When disconnection is required, such as for maintenance or energy efficiency adjustments, closing the first valve 162 stops the flow of condensed fluid from the heat exchanger 164. This prevents the return of the condensed heat-transfer fluid to the heating unit 108, effectively isolating the heat exchanger 164 from the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107 while allowing the rest of the system to continue operating. In an embodiment, the first valve 162 may be used for isolating the heat exchanger 164 from the thermosiphon loop. In an example implementation, the first valve 162 may also include a solenoid valve. Placing the first valve at the outlet of the condensed water path may be cost-effective because the diameter of the evaporation pipeline for vapor-phase fluid is larger than that of an exemplary condensed fluid pipeline. Further, by installing the first valve in the smaller-diameter condensed fluid path, the overall system cost is reduced, and the wear and tear on the first valve is minimized due to the lower mechanical stress associated with the smaller pipeline size.

[0055] FIG. 7 illustrates a front view of the heat exchanger 164. FIG. 8 illustrates a rear view of the heat exchanger 164. As shown in FIGs 7 and 8, the first valve 162 may be installed at the condensation fluid flow channel, such as a condensation pipeline 168 exiting the heat exchanger 164. In an embodiment, the first valve 162 may be used to isolate the heat 20CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026exchanger 164. For example, closing the first valve 162 may isolate heat exchanger 164 from the closed-loop thermosiphon system 107. In normal operation, the heat-transfer fluid in vapor form enters the heat exchanger 164 via a second fluid flow channel or pipeline 182, where it releases heat to the water flowing through pipeline 165 and 166 and circulating within heat exchanger 164. In an embodiment, the pipeline 165 may be configured to direct water intended for heating into heat exchanger 164 and the pipeline 166 may discharge the heated water from heat exchanger 164 for usage. As the heat is transferred, the heat-transfer fluid condenses into liquid form and exits the heat exchanger 164 via condensation pipeline 168. The first valve 162 which is installed in the condensation pipeline 168 controls this condensed fluid flow, allowing it to return to the heating unit for reheating and recirculation. In an exemplary embodiment, condensation pipeline 168 and pipeline 182 may be part of thermosiphon closed-loop system 107. In an exemplary embodiment, pipeline 165 and pipeline 166 may be used for water circulation to provide hot water for various applications. Pipeline 165 directs cold water into the heat exchanger 164, where it absorbs heat from the thermosiphon closed-loop system 107, while pipeline 166 carries the heated water to its intended use, such as residential or industrial usage. Exemplary pipelines 165 and 166 operate independently of the thermosiphon closed-loop system 107 but rely on the heat thermosiphon closed-loop system 107 generates to efficiently supply hot water. As shown in FIG. 8, vapor of the heat-transfer fluid may rise up through the pipeline 182. The evaporated heat-transfer fluid may be divided to enter heat exchanger 164 and at least one condensation heating component 106, such as into the first fluid flow channel 171 to the condensation heating component 106 and the second fluid flow channel 182 to the heat exchanger 164. Similarly, the condensed fluid flows from the condensation heating component 106 via a third fluid flow channel (not shown) and from the heat exchanger 164 via the fourth fluid flow channel or pipeline 168.

[0056] FIG. 9 illustrates an example method 900 for operating the heating unit 108 of the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102. The method 900 is performed to increase efficiency of the thermosiphon heating system 102. The method 900 may include a step 902 of determining a first temperature profile T1 of a first end ofthe tubular coil 129 installed within the housing 104 via a first thermal sensor 127. At step 904, a second temperature profile T2 of the tubular coil 129 is determined via a second thermal sensor 125. Further, at step 906, data ofthe first temperature profile T 1 and the second temperature profile T2 is transferred to a controlling unit 109. Further, at step 908 the first temperature profile and the second temperature profile are compared via the controlling unit 109. Furthermore, at step 910, the fluid pump 123 is modulated by the controlling unit 109 to fill the tubular coil 129 with the heat- 21CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026transfer fluid when a difference between the first temperature profile T1 and the second temperature profile T2 is higher than a threshold value, for example, of at least 1°C.

[0057] In an embodiment, step 902 of determining the first temperature profile T1 of a first end of the tubular coil 129 may be done via the first thermal sensor 127. The first thermal sensor 127 may be connected to the controlling unit 109. The first end 124 of the tubular coil 129 where the first thermal sensor 127 is installed may be filled with the heat-transfer fluid. The heat-transfer fluid may keep temperature sensed by first thermal sensor 127 in a predetermined range which is specific for each heat-transfer fluid.

[0058] In an embodiment, step 904 of determining the second temperature profile T2 of the tubular coil 129 may include determining the second temperature profile via the second thermal sensor 125. The second thermal sensor 125 may be electrically connected to the controlling unit 109. In an embodiment, the second thermal sensor 125 may be installed at a distance of at least 1 cm to first thermal sensor 127. In an example implementation, the first thermal sensor 127 may include a thermocouple. Further, the second thermal sensor 125 may be installed on the tubular coil 129 where the tubular coil 129 is filled with the heat-transfer fluid vapor. The second temperature profile T2 sensed by the second thermal sensor 125 may be higher than the first temperature profile T1 sensed by the first thermal sensor 127. In an embodiment, the second thermal sensor 125 may include a thermocouple.

[0059] In an embodiment, the controlling unit 109 may include a central processing unit. The data may be transferred via one or more of wireless, wired transmission technologies.

[0060] Further, at step 908, the controlling unit 109 may analyze the first temperature profile T1 and the second temperature profile T2 to determine any differences between the two, and identify specific variations that may indicate operational changes or system responses. The comparison enables a precise monitoring and may provide real-time feedback on temperature shifts within the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102. The second temperature profile T2 may exhibit higher temperatures than the first temperature profile T 1 , which may serve as an indicator of thermal discrepancies that could warrant further analysis or trigger specific system responses based on predefined thresholds.

[0061] In an embodiment, step 910 of modulating the fluid pump 103 may involve modulating the fluid pump 103 to fill the tubular coil 129 with the heat-transfer fluid. For example, filling the tubular coil 129 may include directing the fluid into the tubular coil 129 to reach a point where the first thermal sensor 127 is positioned, ensuring accurate temperature monitoring from the start of the process. The process of filling tubular coil 129 via fluid pump 22CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026103 may be triggered when a difference between the first temperature profile T1 and the second temperature profile T2 is higher than a predetermined threshold value of at least 1°C. The threshold value may serve as a control mechanism, initiating the heat-transfer fluid flow when specific thermal conditions are met. Additionally, the threshold value may be set to at least 1°C, to optimize the system’s response to temperature changes. Furthermore, the fluid pump 103 may be installed at the second end 132 of tubular coil 129, enabling efficient fluid circulation through tubular coil 129 and contributing to effective management of a temperature gradient across thermosiphon condensation heating system 102.

[0062] In an embodiment, the example method 900 may further include determining the third temperature at first end 124 of tubular coil 129 via the third thermal sensor 126. For example, the third thermal sensor 126 may be strategically positioned between first thermal sensor 127 and second thermal sensor 125 along the tubular coil 129 to enhance measurement of temperature gradients. In an embodiment, the arrangement allows for a more accurate analysis of temperature variations across the tubular coil 129, contributing to precise thermal profiling. The third thermal sensor 126 may also be electrically connected to the controlling unit 109, enabling seamless data integration and real-time monitoring within the thermosiphon condensation heating system 102. Additionally, the third thermal sensor 126 may possess high precision, thereby supporting accurate detection of temperature fluctuations, which is crucial for achieving reliable temperature gradient measurements and ensuring optimal performance.INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0063] An example enhanced condensation heating system, equipped with dividing plates and thermal sensors, is highly versatile and suited for both industrial and residential applications. In industrial environments, the dividing plates create a spiral airflow within the housing, thereby increasing contact with the tubular coil to maximize heat absorption and optimize heat transfer efficiency. This design is particularly advantageous in industries such as chemical processing, food production, and Heating, Ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system, and so on, where precise and energy-efficient heating is essential. Example thermal sensors are strategically placed to monitor heat-transfer fluid levels within the tubular coil, ensuring that the tubular coil remains filled and capable of sustaining effective heat exchange. In residential settings, an enhanced condensation heating system provides a highly efficient and eco-friendly heating solution. The spiral airflow aids in heat retention, allowing for rapid and effective heating of living spaces. Additionally, thermal sensors help regulate heat- 23CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026transfer fluid levels for consistent performance, reducing energy consumption and lowering utility costs for homeowners. By enhancing efficiency and operational reliability, the enhanced condensation heating system offers a sustainable and adaptable heating solution for a wide range of industrial and domestic applications.

[0064] While the foregoing has described what are considered to be the best mode and / or other examples, it will be understood that various modifications may be made therein and that the subject matter disclosed herein may be implemented in various forms and examples, and that the teachings may be applied in numerous applications, only some of which have been described herein. It is intended by the following claims to claim any and all applications, modifications and variations that fall within the true scope of the present teachings.

[0065] Unless otherwise stated, all measurements, values, ratings, positions, magnitudes, sizes, and other specifications that are set forth in this specification, including in the claims that follow, are approximate, not exact. They are intended to have a reasonable range that is consistent with the functions to which they relate and with what is customary in the art to which they pertain.

[0066] The scope of protection is limited solely by the claims that now follow. That scope is intended and should be interpreted to be as broad as is consistent with the ordinary meaning of the language that is used in the claims when interpreted in light of this specification and the prosecution history that follows and to encompass all structural and functional equivalents.

[0067] Except as stated immediately above, nothing that has been stated or illustrated is intended or should be interpreted to cause a dedication of any component, step, feature, object, benefit, advantage, or equivalent to the public, regardless of whether it is or is not recited in the claims.

[0068] It will be understood that the terms and expressions used herein have the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective areas of inquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein. Relational terms such as first and second and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or 24CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by “a” or “an” does not, without further constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0069] The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in various implementations. This is for purposes of streamlining the disclosure, and is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed implementations require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed implementation. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separately claimed subject matter.

[0070] While various implementations have been described, the description is intended to be exemplary, rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more implementations and implementations are possible that are within the scope of the implementations. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the accompanying figures and discussed in this detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature of any implementation may be used in combination with or substituted for any other feature or element in any other implementation unless specifically restricted. Therefore, it will be understood that any of the features shown and / or discussed in the present disclosure may be implemented together in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the implementations are not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Also, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims.25CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1

Claims

PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026CLAIMS1. A thermosiphon heating system, the system comprising:a heating unit for heating a working fluid therein, the heating unit including an inlet configured to receive a condensed working fluid and an outlet for providing a working fluid vapor;a heat exchanging component configured to receive the working fluid vapor from the outlet of the heating unit via a first fluid flow path to utilize latent heat of the working fluid vapor for heating one or more utilities and provide a condensed working fluid back to the inlet of the heating unit via a second fluid flow path, wherein the heating unit, the heat exchanging component, the first fluid flow path and the second fluid flow path are connected to define a closed loop thermosiphon system; anda fluid flow regulation mechanism configured to regulate one or more flow parameters associated with the working fluid flowing through the closed loop thermosiphon system in response to detecting a change in an operational parameter of the working fluid within the heating unit.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the closed loop thermosiphon system is configured to operate at an internal pressure that is below atmospheric pressure.

3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more flow parameters associated with the working fluid include one or more of fluid flow rate, pressure, and temperature associated with the working fluid entering the inlet of the heating unit.

4. The system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating unit comprising:a housing;a heater disposed within the housing and configured to provide heated air for heating the working fluid; anda tubular coil disposed around the heater within the housing, the tubular coil having a first end fluidly connected to the outlet and a second end fluidly connected to the inlet of the heating unit, andwherein the heater is configured to heat the working fluid flowing within the tubular coil, thereby causing evaporation of the working fluid and exiting the working fluid vapor from the outlet of the heating unit.26CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 000265. The system of claim 4, wherein the heating unit comprises at least one dividing plate configured to divide the housing into at least a first compartment and a second compartment, and wherein the first and the second compartments are connected to direct the heated air from the heater in a downward spiral flow path within the housing.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein the tubular coil is a spiral coil and the heater is configured to direct the heated air through external spacing between each turn of the spiral coil, thereby heating the working fluid within the tubular coil.

7. The system of claim 4, wherein the heater is a perforated heater configured to generate the heated air by combusting a feed therein, and wherein the heating unit includes a premixing fan disposed outside the housing and in fluid communication with the perforated heater, the premixing fan being configured to direct an air feed mixture into the perforated heater to enhance combustion therein.

8. The system of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the operational parameter associated with the working fluid is an evaporation temperature at which the working fluid changes from a liquid state to a vapor state.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the fluid flow regulation mechanism includes one or more sensors positioned in proximity to the outlet of the heating unit and configured to monitor the evaporation temperature of the working fluid at the outlet of the heating unit.

10. The system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fluid flow regulation mechanism includes a first thermal sensor positioned at a first position in proximity to the outlet of the heating unit where the heated working fluid exists in the liquid state and a second thermal sensor positioned at a second position in proximity to the outlet where the working fluid exists in the vapor state, and wherein the operational parameter corresponds to a difference between a first temperature monitored by the first thermal sensor and a second temperature monitored by the second thermal sensor.

11. The system of any one of claims 1 to 10 further comprising a controlling unit configured to detect a change in the operational parameter associated with the working fluid,27CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 00026and wherein the fluid flow regulation mechanism includes a fluid pump connected within the second fluid flow path and configured to adjust the one or more fluid flow parameters associated with the working fluid flowing within the closed loop thermosiphon system in response to receiving a control signal from the controlling unit when the operational parameter is determined to be equal to or greater than the threshold value.

12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the fluid pump is configured to increase a flow of the condensed working fluid to the inlet of the heating unit for adjusting the one or more fluid flow parameters upon receiving the control signal from the controlling unit.

13. The system of any one of claims 1 to 12 further comprising a controlling unit configured to monitor one or more combustion parameters within the heating unit and control operations of the heating unit based on the monitored combustion parameters.

14. The system of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the heat exchange component includes a heat exchanger configured to provide heated water supply using the latent heat of the working fluid vapor and a condensation heating component configured to provide heated air supply for heating indoor spaces by utilizing the latent heat of the working fluid vapor from the heating unit.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the first fluid flow path includes a first fluid flow channel for providing the working fluid vapor from the heating unit to the condensation heating component and a second fluid flow channel for providing the working fluid vapor from the heating unit to the heat exchanger.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the second fluid flow path includes a third fluid flow channel for providing the condensed working fluid from the condensation heating component to the heating unit and a fourth fluid flow channel for providing the condensed working fluid from the heat exchanger to the heating unit.

17. The system of any one of claims 1 to 16 further comprising an isolation valve installed at an outlet of a heat exchanger of the heat exchange component, the isolation valve being configured to disconnect the heat exchanger within the heat exchange component from the closed loop thermosiphon system.28CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1PCT Application CPST Ref: 40736 / 0002618. The system of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the heat exchange component includes a plurality of condensation heating components configured to heat one or more associated spaces, and wherein the system includes at least one isolation valve installed at an outlet of each of plurality of condensation heating components and configured to disconnect the respective condensation heating component from the closed loop thermosiphon system.

19. The system of any one of claims 1 to 18 further comprising a vacuum valve positioned within the closed loop thermosiphon system and configured to maintain an internal pressure of the closed loop thermosiphon system.

20. The system of any one of claims 1 to 19 further comprising a one-way flow control valve positioned within the second fluid flow path and configured to direct the flow of the condensed working fluid in a single direction and prevent fluid backflow.29CPST Doc: 1403-8565-6595.1

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