Display substrate and display apparatus

Abstract

A display substrate and a display apparatus. The display substrate comprises a base substrate, a plurality of subpixels, and a light-adjusting layer, wherein the plurality of subpixels include a plurality of first subpixel columns and a plurality of second subpixel columns, which are alternately arranged in a first direction and extend in a second direction, and subpixels in a subpixel repeating unit are respectively located in a first subpixel column and a second subpixel column; a plurality of light-adjusting structures of the light-adjusting layer are arranged in the first direction and each extend in the second direction; each light-adjusting structure is configured to change a deflection angle of light passing through the light-adjusting structure; and between adjacent first and second subpixel columns, there are gaps extending in the second direction, and the total number of first subpixel columns, second subpixel columns, and gaps which are covered by the same light-adjusting structure is an odd number. Therefore, the plurality of light-adjusting structures in the light-adjusting layer can jointly function to achieve the effect of weakening or even eliminating moiré patterns, and can also prevent crosstalk.

Description

Display substrate and display device Technical Field

[0001] At least one embodiment of this disclosure relates to a display substrate and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] Naked-eye 3D (3D) display is a display technology that allows viewers to experience realistic stereoscopic visual effects without wearing any auxiliary equipment. Currently, the effect of stereoscopic display needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a display substrate and a display device.

[0004] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a display substrate, comprising: a substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the substrate; the plurality of sub-pixels including a plurality of first sub-pixel columns and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns alternately arranged in a first direction and extending along a second direction; the plurality of sub-pixels being divided into a plurality of sub-pixel repeating units arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction, wherein the sub-pixels in each sub-pixel repeating unit are respectively located in the first sub-pixel columns and the second sub-pixel columns; a dimming layer located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixels; wherein the dimming layer includes a plurality of dimming structures arranged along the first direction and all extending along the second direction; the dimming structures are configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through the dimming structures; adjacent first sub-pixel columns and second sub-pixel columns have a spacing extending along the second direction, and the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns, second sub-pixel columns and the spacing covered by the same dimming structure is an odd number.

[0005] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the interval covered by different dimming structures is the same.

[0006] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the display substrate further includes: a black matrix layer located on the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate; the black matrix layer includes a plurality of black matrix openings, the plurality of black matrix openings being disposed one-to-one with the plurality of sub-pixels; the portion of the black matrix layer other than the black matrix openings includes black matrix sub-sections extending along the second direction, the black matrix sub-sections covering the interval; the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the black matrix sub-sections covered by the same dimming structure is an odd number.

[0007] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the interval covered by the same dimming structure is one of 3, 5, 7, or 9.

[0008] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of the size of the light-emitting area of ​​any one of the plurality of sub-pixels in the first direction to the size of the black matrix sub-part in the first direction is 0.9-1.1.

[0009] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the ratio of the size of the dimming structure in the first direction to the pitch of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel in the first direction is A / B, where B is 4 and A is an odd number between 3 and 99.

[0010] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the plurality of dimming structures are all the same size in the first direction.

[0011] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dimming structure includes a convex surface protruding toward the side away from the sub-pixel; the ratio of the radii of curvature of any two convex surfaces of the plurality of dimming structures is 0.9-1.1.

[0012] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of dimming structures include a first dimming structure and a second dimming structure alternately arranged in the first direction; in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, in the first sub-pixel column and the second sub-pixel column covered by the same first dimming structure, the edge of the light-emitting area of ​​at least one of the sub-pixels overlaps with the edge of the first dimming structure; in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the edge of the black matrix sub-part covered by the second dimming structure overlaps with the edge of the second dimming structure.

[0013] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is no gap between any two adjacent dimming structures in the plurality of dimming structures.

[0014] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of dimming structures includes a first dimming structure and a second dimming structure arranged alternately in the first direction; the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel columns and the second sub-pixel columns covered by the same first dimming structure is different from the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel columns and the second sub-pixel columns covered by the same second dimming structure.

[0015] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first sub-pixel column includes a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel arranged alternately in the second direction, and the second sub-pixel column includes a third sub-pixel arranged in the second direction; the first sub-pixel emits a first color light, the second sub-pixel emits a second color light, and the third sub-pixel emits a third color light, wherein the wavelength of the second color light is less than the wavelength of the first color light and greater than the wavelength of the third color light.

[0016] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, the interval between the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel.

[0017] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dimming structure includes at least one of a resin lens, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal resin lens, a holographic grating, a holographic lens, and a metasurface.

[0018] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dimming structure is the liquid crystal lens, and the dimming layer includes a first lens electrode, a liquid crystal layer and a second lens electrode stacked in a direction perpendicular to the substrate; the second lens electrode is located on the side of the first lens electrode away from the substrate, and one of the first lens electrode and the second lens electrode includes electrode strips arranged in the first direction and a slit disposed between two adjacent electrode strips; in the first direction, the size of the dimming structure is an integer multiple of the pitch of the electrode strips.

[0019] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a display substrate, comprising: a substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the substrate; the plurality of sub-pixels being divided into a plurality of sub-pixel repeating units arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction; a dimming layer located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixels; wherein the dimming layer includes a plurality of dimming structures, all of which extend along a third direction; the third direction intersects the first direction and the second direction respectively; the dimming structures are configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through the dimming structures; the plurality of sub-pixels include a plurality of sub-pixel groups, the sub-pixel groups including sub-pixels of different colors arranged along the third direction; the arrangement of sub-pixels in the sub-pixel groups is different from the arrangement of sub-pixels in the sub-pixel repeating units; one dimming structure covers the light-emitting area of ​​all sub-pixels in at least one sub-pixel group.

[0020] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, some subpixels in the same subpixel repeating unit are located in the same subpixel group.

[0021] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, each sub-pixel repeating unit includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel emits a first color light, the second sub-pixel emits a second color light, and the third sub-pixel emits a third color light. The wavelength of the second color light is less than the wavelength of the first color light and greater than the wavelength of the third color light. The ratio of any two of the size of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the second direction, the size of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the second direction, and the size of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel in the second direction is 0.8-1.2.

[0022] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the same sub-pixel group, the center line connecting the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel extends along the third direction; the edge of the orthographic projection of the dimming structure on the substrate is located between the orthographic projections of two adjacent center lines on the substrate.

[0023] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of sub-pixels includes a plurality of first sub-pixel columns and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns that are alternately arranged in a first direction and extend along a second direction; the first sub-pixel columns include first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels that are alternately arranged in the second direction, and the second sub-pixel columns include third sub-pixels arranged in the second direction; on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, the interval between the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel.

[0024] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of sub-pixel repeating units include a first sub-pixel repeating unit and a second sub-pixel repeating unit that are adjacent in the first direction; in the same sub-pixel group, two of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel belong to the first sub-pixel repeating unit, and the other of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel belongs to the second sub-pixel repeating unit.

[0025] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the angle between the third direction and the second direction is 10 degrees to 80 degrees.

[0026] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dimming structure includes at least one of a resin lens, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal resin lens, a holographic grating, a holographic lens, and a metasurface.

[0027] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a display device including the display substrate described above. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a display substrate.

[0030] Figure 1B is a cross-sectional view of the lens in the display substrate shown in Figure 1A.

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional optical path diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the sub-pixel light-emitting area in a sub-pixel repeating unit of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic view of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figures 8A to 8C show schematic diagrams of the display substrate in different embodiments.

[0038] Figures 9 and 10 are schematic diagrams of dimming layers provided in different examples in at least one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figures 12 and 13 are schematic diagrams of dimming structures and sub-pixel groups in display substrates provided in different examples of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a display device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the angular spectrum of the stereoscopic viewpoint of the display device.

[0043] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the angular spectrum after the stereoscopic viewpoints of the display device are merged. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that an element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0046] The terms "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical" as used in this disclosure include the strictly defined meanings of "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical," as well as terms such as "approximately parallel," "approximately perpendicular," and "approximately identical," which include a certain degree of error. Taking into account measurement and errors associated with the measurement of a specific quantity (i.e., limitations of the measurement system), they represent acceptable deviations for a specific value as determined by a person skilled in the art. In embodiments of this disclosure, "center" can include a strictly defined location at the geometric center as well as a location approximately at the center within a small area surrounding the geometric center. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 10% or 5% of the value.

[0047] Because the left and right eyes are positioned differently, the images formed on the retinas of the left and right eyes differ to some extent when observing the same object; this difference is called parallax. Stereoscopic display technology can utilize this characteristic to allow the viewer's left and right eyes to see different images, thereby enabling the viewer to see spatial stereoscopic images with a sense of depth.

[0048] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a display substrate. Figure 1B is a cross-sectional view of the lens in the display substrate shown in Figure 1A.

[0049] As shown in Figure 1A, the display substrate includes a substrate and different color sub-pixels disposed on the substrate, such as red sub-pixel 01, green sub-pixel 02, and blue sub-pixel 03. The display substrate also includes a cylindrical lens array 04 located on the side of the sub-pixels away from the substrate. The cylindrical lens array 04 includes multiple cylindrical lenses arranged in a first direction x and extending along a second direction y. For example, in practical applications, when a human eye views a display device including the display substrate shown in Figure 1A, the first direction x is horizontal and the second direction y is vertical.

[0050] By utilizing the refraction of light through cylindrical lenses, different displayed content can be refracted to different locations, allowing images containing parallax to be transmitted separately to the left and right eyes, thus enabling the viewer to see a stereoscopic image. As shown in Figures 1A and 1B, extending the cylindrical lenses in the vertical y-direction reduces crosstalk. Furthermore, to provide viewers with a better stereoscopic visual effect, the cylindrical lens array 04 includes cylindrical lenses of different sizes; for example, adjacent cylindrical lenses may have different pitches, thereby more effectively controlling the light propagation path.

[0051] In their research, the inventors of this application discovered that the arrangement of the cylindrical lens array and the arrangement of the sub-pixels are difficult to match well, which easily leads to moiré patterns and affects the display effect. Moreover, cylindrical lens arrays, which include cylindrical lenses of different sizes, not only require high precision but also have high manufacturing difficulty.

[0052] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a display substrate, comprising: a substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the substrate; the plurality of sub-pixels including a plurality of first sub-pixel columns and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns alternately arranged in a first direction and extending along a second direction; the plurality of sub-pixels being divided into a plurality of sub-pixel repeating units arranged in an array along the first and second directions, wherein the sub-pixels in each sub-pixel repeating unit are respectively located in the first sub-pixel columns and the second sub-pixel columns; a dimming layer located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixels; wherein the dimming layer includes a plurality of dimming structures, the plurality of dimming structures being arranged along the first direction and all extending along the second direction; the dimming structures being configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through the dimming structures; the first sub-pixel columns and the second sub-pixel columns having a spacing extending along the second direction between them, and the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns, second sub-pixel columns and the spacing covered by the same dimming structure being an odd number.

[0053] The display substrate provided in this embodiment has different colors in a sub-pixel repeating unit located in a first sub-pixel column and a second sub-pixel column, respectively. The sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns, second sub-pixel columns, and intervals covered by the same dimming structure is odd. Therefore, multiple dimming structures in the dimming layer can work together, allowing sub-pixels in the first sub-pixel column of one sub-pixel repeating unit to form a viewpoint together with sub-pixels in the second sub-pixel column of another sub-pixel repeating unit. This allows for a better match between the sub-pixel arrangement and the arrangement of the dimming structures in the dimming layer, achieving the effect of reducing or even eliminating moiré patterns. Simultaneously, the extension direction of the dimming structures in the dimming layer is the same as the extension direction of the sub-pixel columns, accurately separating and deflecting the light emitted by the sub-pixels towards a corresponding viewpoint, preventing light from the sub-pixels from incident on other viewpoints and causing crosstalk.

[0054] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a display substrate, comprising: a substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the substrate; the plurality of sub-pixels being divided into a plurality of sub-pixel repeating units arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction; a dimming layer located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixels; wherein the dimming layer includes a plurality of dimming structures, the plurality of dimming structures being arranged along the second direction and all extending along a third direction; the third direction intersecting the first direction and the second direction respectively; the dimming structures being configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through the dimming structures; the plurality of sub-pixels including a plurality of sub-pixel groups arranged along the second direction, the sub-pixel groups including sub-pixels of different colors arranged along the third direction; the arrangement of sub-pixels in the sub-pixel groups being different from the arrangement of sub-pixels in the sub-pixel repeating units; a dimming structure covering the light-emitting area of ​​all sub-pixels in at least one sub-pixel group.

[0055] The display substrate provided in this embodiment has subpixels of different colors arranged in the same direction as the extension direction of the dimming structure. Furthermore, one dimming structure covers the light-emitting area of ​​all subpixels in at least one pixel group. This accurately deflects the light emitted by subpixels in the same subpixel group towards the same viewpoint, preventing light from interfering with other viewpoints. Moreover, the arrangement of the subpixels matches the arrangement of the dimming structure in the dimming layer, achieving the effect of reducing or even eliminating moiré patterns.

[0056] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a display device, including the display substrate of any of the above embodiments.

[0057] The display substrate and display device are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments.

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Referring to FIG2, this disclosure provides a display substrate, including a substrate 10, a plurality of sub-pixels 100, and a dimming layer 200. The plurality of sub-pixels 100 are disposed on the substrate 10. The plurality of sub-pixels 100 include a plurality of first sub-pixel columns C1 and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns C2 that are alternately arranged in a first direction X and extend along a second direction Y.

[0060] For example, the first direction intersects with the second direction. Alternatively, the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction. In practical applications, the first direction can be horizontal to match the human eye's viewing direction, and the second direction can be vertical.

[0061] Referring to Figure 2, the multiple sub-pixels 100 are divided into multiple sub-pixel repeating units 110 arranged in an array along the first direction X and the second direction Y. For example, the two dashed boxes in Figure 2 schematically circle two adjacent sub-pixel repeating units arranged in the first direction X. The sub-pixels in each sub-pixel repeating unit 110 are located in the first sub-pixel column C1 and the second sub-pixel column C2, respectively.

[0062] Referring to Figure 2, the dimming layer 200 is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel 100. The dimming layer 200 includes a plurality of dimming structures 210, which are arranged along a first direction X and all extend along a second direction Y. The dimming structures 210 are configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through the dimming structure 210. For example, the dimming structure can adjust the deflection angle of some of the light passing through the dimming structure, or it can adjust the deflection angle of all the light passing through the dimming structure; this disclosure does not limit this.

[0063] Referring to Figure 2, there is a spacing G1 extending along the second direction Y between adjacent first sub-pixel column C1 and second sub-pixel column C2.

[0064] Referring to Figure 2, the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column C1, the second sub-pixel column C2, and the interval G1 covered by the same dimming structure 210 is an odd number. As shown in Figure 2, the sum of the number of sub-pixel columns (e.g., the first sub-pixel column C1 and the second sub-pixel column C2) corresponding to a dimming structure 210 and the number of columns of the projection interval is an odd number.

[0065] In the display substrate provided in this embodiment, different colors in a sub-pixel repeating unit are located in a first sub-pixel column and a second sub-pixel column, respectively. Simultaneously, the sum of the number of first projection groups, second projection groups, and projection intervals overlapping the same third projection is odd. Therefore, multiple dimming structures in the dimming layer can work together, allowing sub-pixels in the first sub-pixel column of one sub-pixel repeating unit to form a viewpoint together with sub-pixels in the second sub-pixel column of another sub-pixel repeating unit. This allows for a better match between the sub-pixel arrangement and the dimming structure arrangement in the dimming layer, achieving the effect of reducing or even eliminating moiré patterns. Furthermore, the extension direction of the dimming structure in the dimming layer is the same as the extension direction of the sub-pixel column, accurately deflecting the light emitted by the sub-pixels towards a corresponding viewpoint, preventing light from the sub-pixels from incident on other viewpoints and causing crosstalk.

[0066] For example, a viewpoint refers to the position or angular area with parallax that a viewer can see when viewing a display device including the aforementioned display substrate from a specific position and angle. For example, Figure 2 schematically divides the dimming structure into three equal parts with dashed lines, thereby forming three viewpoints through the cooperation of sub-pixel repeating units and the dimming structure, which will be described in detail in the embodiments described later.

[0067] For example, each subpixel repetition unit includes subpixels of different colors, such as the first, second, and third subpixels having different colors. For example, the different colored subpixels in each subpixel repetition unit are distributed across two columns of subpixels.

[0068] Referring to Figure 2, for example, on the substrate 10, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting areas of all sub-pixels 100 in each first sub-pixel column C1 is a first projection group, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting areas of all sub-pixels 100 in each second sub-pixel column C2 is a second projection group, and the orthographic projection of each dimming structure 210 is a third projection. For example, adjacent first projection groups and second projection groups refer to two first projection groups and second projection groups that do not include other first projection groups or second projection groups between them. It is understood that there may be other orthographic projections between adjacent first projection groups and second projection groups, such as the orthographic projection of the black matrix sub-part in the example described later.

[0069] For example, the orthographic projections of the luminous areas of all sub-pixels located in the first sub-pixel column collectively form a first projection group. Similarly, the orthographic projections of the luminous areas of all sub-pixels located in the second sub-pixel column collectively form a second projection group.

[0070] For example, the sum of the number of projection intervals between the first projection group, the second projection group, and two adjacent projection groups (e.g., adjacent first projection groups and second projection groups) that overlap with the same third projection is an odd number.

[0071] For example, a third projection may overlap with only one first projection group, such as a dimming structure covering a first sub-pixel column. For example, a third projection may overlap with only one second projection group, such as a dimming structure covering a second sub-pixel column. For example, a third projection may overlap with both a first projection group and a second projection group, such as a dimming structure covering both a first and a second sub-pixel column. For example, a third projection may overlap with two or more first projection groups, or with two or more second projection groups, such as a dimming structure covering two or more first sub-pixel columns, or covering two or more second sub-pixel columns. This disclosure does not impose any limitations in this regard. For example, a third projection may overlap with multiple orthographic projections in a first projection group, or with multiple orthographic projections in a second projection group. For example, a dimming structure may cover the light-emitting areas of multiple sub-pixels in a first sub-pixel column, or cover the light-emitting areas of multiple sub-pixels in a second sub-pixel column.

[0072] For example, the first projection group and the third projection may partially overlap. For example, the first projection group may be located within the third projection. For example, the second projection group and the third projection may partially overlap. For example, the second projection group may be located within the third projection. For example, the projection interval and the third projection may partially overlap. For example, the projection interval may be located within the third projection.

[0073] For example, the display substrate can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display substrate. For example, the display substrate can be a liquid crystal display (LCD) display substrate. For example, the display substrate can be a light-emitting diode (LED) display substrate.

[0074] For example, a sub-pixel includes a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode stacked together, with the first electrode located between the light-emitting layer and the substrate. In addition to the light-emitting layer, other functional layers may also be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, such as hole injection layers, hole transport layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, and other films.

[0075] For example, the light-emitting layer can be formed from a fine metal mask, and at least one of the other functional layers can be a single, continuous film layer. For example, the first electrode can be an anode, and the second electrode can be a cathode. For example, the first electrodes in different color sub-pixels are spaced apart from each other, and the second electrodes in different color sub-pixels can be integrally formed electrodes, such as electrodes formed across an entire surface.

[0076] For example, the display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer, which includes a plurality of pixel openings and pixel defining portions surrounding the pixel openings to define light-emitting areas of a plurality of sub-pixels through the pixel openings. For example, the pixel openings are configured to expose a first electrode. For example, the light-emitting layer located within the pixel openings is in direct contact with the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, to achieve light emission.

[0077] For example, the pixel defining portion includes a pixel defining sub-portion extending along a second direction, and the pixel defining sub-portion covers the interval. For example, the orthographic projection of the pixel defining sub-portion on the substrate overlaps with the projection interval. The sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the pixel defining sub-portion covered by the same dimming structure is odd. For example, the sum of the number of the first projection group, the second projection group, and the orthographic projection of the pixel defining sub-portion on the substrate that overlap with the same third projection is odd. For example, the pixel defining portion can be used to block light between adjacent light-emitting areas to prevent crosstalk.

[0078] Figure 3 is a viewpoint schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 is a three-dimensional optical path schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0079] Figure 3 schematically illustrates how light emitted from a sub-pixel in a row of pixels is deflected after passing through a dimming structure. This row of sub-pixels includes multiple repeating sub-pixel units 110 arranged in the first direction X. Figure 4 schematically illustrates how, after the light emitted from the sub-pixels passes through the dimming structure, the grayscale values ​​of the sub-pixels corresponding to different viewpoints can be extracted and assigned to form multiple viewpoints by deflection in three-dimensional space.

[0080] Referring to Figures 2 to 4, the light emitted from the sub-pixel located in the first sub-pixel column C1 of the sub-pixel repetition unit 110A is deflected after passing through the dimming structure 210A, and the light emitted from the sub-pixel located in the second sub-pixel column C2 of the sub-pixel repetition unit 110B is deflected after passing through the dimming structure 210B, thereby forming viewpoint V1 as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The light emitted from the sub-pixel located in the first sub-pixel column C1 of the sub-pixel repetition unit 110B is deflected after passing through the dimming structure 210B, and the light emitted from the sub-pixel located in the second sub-pixel column C2 of the sub-pixel repetition unit 110C is deflected after passing through the dimming structure 210D, thereby forming viewpoint V2 as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The light emitted by the sub-pixel located in the first sub-pixel column C1 in the sub-pixel repetition unit 110C is deflected after passing through the dimming structure 210C, and the light emitted by the sub-pixel located in the second sub-pixel column C2 in the sub-pixel repetition unit 110A is deflected after passing through the dimming structure 210A, thereby forming the viewpoint V3 as shown in Figures 3 and 4.

[0081] As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the same dimming structure has different light-regulating capabilities for subpixels located in different subpixel columns. Therefore, multiple subpixels in the display substrate can cooperate with each other to form multiple viewpoints under the action of different dimming structures. Furthermore, by setting the overlap relationship between the dimming structure and the light-emitting area of ​​the subpixels in the dimming layer, subpixels in each column can jointly form a viewpoint with subpixels in other columns, thereby reducing or even eliminating moiré patterns.

[0082] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in some examples, the first sub-pixel column C1 includes a first sub-pixel 101 and a second sub-pixel 102 arranged alternately in the second direction Y, and the second sub-pixel column C2 includes a third sub-pixel 103 arranged in the second direction Y. The light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 emits a first color light, the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 emits a second color light, and the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 emits a third color light. The wavelength of the second color light 102 is shorter than the wavelength of the first color light 101 and longer than the wavelength of the third color light 103. For example, the first sub-pixel can be a red sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel can be a green sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel can be a blue sub-pixel. It is understood that the first, second, and third sub-pixels can each emit different colors of light to achieve full-color display.

[0083] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the sub-pixel light-emitting area in a sub-pixel repeating unit of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0084] As shown in Figure 5, the shape of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 can be a rounded rectangle, the shape of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 can be a rounded rectangle, and the shape of the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 can be an irregular shape, such as an octagon. It should be noted that Figure 2 schematically shows the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel as a rounded rectangle, and Figures 3 and 4 schematically show the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel as a rectangle. However, this disclosure is not limited to these. For example, the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel can be a polygon with five or more sides, a circle, an ellipse, etc. For example, the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel can be a regular shape or an irregular shape, such as an irregular shape.

[0085] For example, Figures 2 and 3 schematically illustrate a subpixel repetition unit 110 including a first subpixel 101, a second subpixel 102, and a third subpixel 103. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a subpixel repetition unit may include a red subpixel, a pair of green subpixels, and a blue subpixel, wherein the green subpixel pair includes two green subpixels. For example, a subpixel repetition unit may include a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a white subpixel.

[0086] For example, depending on the different sub-pixel repetition units, the subpixels in each sub-pixel column are not limited to the arrangement shown in Figures 2 and 3. For example, the first sub-pixel column may include alternating first and second subpixels in the second direction, and the second sub-pixel column may include alternating third and second subpixels in the second direction. It is understood that this disclosure does not impose any restrictions as long as the subpixels in each sub-pixel repetition unit are distributed in two sub-pixel columns.

[0087] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, on a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the interval between the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103. For example, the light-emitting areas Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101, Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102, and Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 roughly form a triangular shape. For example, the interval between the orthographic projections of the light-emitting areas of the first and second sub-pixels and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel may partially overlap or completely overlap; this disclosure does not impose any limitation on this.

[0088] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in some examples, the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns C1, second sub-pixel columns C2, and intervals G1 covered by different dimming structures is the same. For example, the sum of the number of first projection groups, second projection groups, and projection intervals overlapping with different third projections is the same. In this way, the shapes and sizes of multiple dimming structures in the dimming layer can tend to be consistent, thereby facilitating the processing and manufacturing of the dimming layer and improving the accuracy of the dimming structure.

[0089] Referring to Figure 2, for example, a first projection group, a projection interval, and a second projection group overlap with the third projection of dimming structure 210A. For example, two projection intervals and a first projection group located between the two projection intervals overlap with the third projection of dimming structure 210B. For example, a second projection group, a projection interval, and a first projection group overlap with the third projection of dimming structure 210C. For example, two projection intervals and a second projection group located between the two projection intervals overlap with the third projection of dimming structure 210D. Therefore, in the display substrate shown in Figure 2, the sum of the number of first projection groups, second projection groups, and projection intervals overlapping with multiple third projections is 3.

[0090] Referring to Figure 3, for example, the three sub-pixel repeating units and four dimming structures of the display substrate can cooperate with each other to form viewpoints V1, V2 and V3 as shown in Figure 3, thereby making the display device including the above-mentioned display substrate a three-viewpoint display device.

[0091] Referring to Figure 3, in some examples, the display substrate further includes a black matrix layer 300. The black matrix layer 300 is located on the side of the sub-pixel 100 away from the substrate 10. For example, the black matrix layer may be located between the sub-pixel and the dimming layer, so that the dimming layer can be disposed on the outside to simplify the fabrication process of the display substrate. For example, the black matrix layer may also be located on the side of the dimming layer away from the substrate, and this disclosure is not limiting in this regard.

[0092] Referring to Figure 2, the black matrix layer 300 includes a plurality of black matrix openings 301, each corresponding to a plurality of sub-pixels 100. For example, the black matrix openings 301 correspond one-to-one with the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels 100. Alternatively, the plurality of black matrix openings 301 correspond one-to-one with multiple pixel openings, allowing light emitted from the light-emitting units of the sub-pixels to pass through the black matrix openings 301.

[0093] Referring to Figure 2, the portion of the black matrix layer 300, excluding the black matrix opening 301, includes black matrix sub-sections 310 extending along the second direction Y, which cover the interval G1. For example, the orthographic projection of the black matrix sub-sections 310 on the substrate 10 overlaps with the projection interval. The sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column C1, the second sub-pixel column C2, and the black matrix sub-sections 310 covered by the same dimming structure 210 is odd. For example, the sum of the number of the first projection group, the second projection group, and the orthographic projections of the black matrix sub-sections 310 overlapping with the same third projection on the substrate is odd. By providing the black matrix layer 300, the black matrix sub-sections 310 can be used to block light between adjacent light-emitting areas, preventing crosstalk.

[0094] For example, Figure 3 only schematically illustrates the relative positional relationship between the black matrix layer 300 and the dimming layer 200. Other films may also be disposed between the black matrix layer 300 and the dimming layer 200. For example, these other films may include films such as encapsulation layers, polarizers, optical adhesive layers, etc., and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the refractive index of the other films is not greater than the refractive index of the dimming layer, so as to improve the utilization rate of light.

[0095] For example, referring to FIG2, the orthographic projection of the black matrix sub-part 310 on the substrate 10 can completely coincide with the projection interval. For example, the orthographic projection of the black matrix sub-part on the substrate can be located within the projection interval. For example, the orthographic projection of the black matrix sub-part on the substrate can only partially overlap with the projection interval.

[0096] For example, the black matrix layer also includes a portion located between the light-emitting areas of two adjacent sub-pixels in the second direction to improve the light-blocking effect.

[0097] For example, the orthographic projection of each black matrix opening onto the substrate surrounds the orthographic projection of a pixel opening onto the substrate. For example, the shape of the black matrix opening is similar to the shape of the pixel opening. For example, the display substrate may also include a color filter layer, which may include multiple color filter patterns of different colors, each color filter pattern covering multiple black matrix openings and corresponding to a different color sub-pixel. For example, one color filter pattern may cover multiple black matrix openings and correspond to a specific color sub-pixel. For example, the shape of the color filter pattern may differ from the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel. For example, the shape of the color filter pattern may have a similar shape to the pixel opening it covers.

[0098] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between the display substrate shown in Figure 6 and the display substrate shown in Figure 2 is that the dimming structure of the display substrate shown in Figure 6 is different from that of the display substrate shown in Figure 2. For example, the arrangement of sub-pixels in the display substrate shown in Figure 6 is the same as that in the display substrate shown in Figure 2.

[0099] In some examples, the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns, second sub-pixel columns, and intervals covered by the same dimming structure is one of 3, 5, 7, or 9. For example, the sum of the number of orthogonal projections on the substrate of the first projection group, second projection group, and black matrix sub-parts overlapping with the same third projection is one of 3, 5, 7, or 9. For example, referring to FIG2, the sum of the number of orthogonal projections on the substrate of the first projection group, second projection group, and black matrix sub-parts overlapping with the same third projection is 3, thus forming 3 viewpoints. For example, referring to FIG6, the sum of the number of orthogonal projections on the substrate of the first projection group, second projection group, and black matrix sub-parts overlapping with the same third projection is 5, thus forming 5 viewpoints.

[0100] Figure 7 is a schematic view of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0101] Figure 7 schematically illustrates how light emitted from a sub-pixel in a row of pixels is deflected after passing through a dimming structure. This row of sub-pixels includes multiple repeating sub-pixel units 110 arranged in a first direction X.

[0102] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, for example, light emitted from a sub-pixel in the first sub-pixel column C1 of sub-pixel repetition unit 110A is deflected by the dimming structure 210A, and light emitted from a sub-pixel in the second sub-pixel column C2 of sub-pixel repetition unit 110C is deflected by the dimming structure 210C, thereby forming viewpoint V1. Light emitted from a sub-pixel in the first sub-pixel column C1 of sub-pixel repetition unit 110B is deflected by the dimming structure 210B, and light emitted from a sub-pixel in the second sub-pixel column C2 of sub-pixel repetition unit 110D is deflected by the dimming structure 210D, thereby forming viewpoint V5. Light emitted from a sub-pixel in the first sub-pixel column C1 of sub-pixel repetition unit 110C is deflected by the dimming structure 210B, and light emitted from a sub-pixel in the second sub-pixel column C2 of sub-pixel repetition unit 110E is deflected by the dimming structure 210D, thereby forming viewpoint V4. Light emitted from a sub-pixel in the first sub-pixel column C1 of sub-pixel repeating unit 110D is deflected by dimming structure 210C, and light emitted from a sub-pixel in the second sub-pixel column C2 of sub-pixel repeating unit 110A is deflected by dimming structure 210A, thereby forming viewpoint V3. Light emitted from a sub-pixel in the first sub-pixel column C1 of sub-pixel 110E is deflected by dimming structure 210D, and light emitted from a sub-pixel in the second sub-pixel column C2 of sub-pixel repeating unit 110B is deflected by dimming structure 210B, thereby forming viewpoint V2. Thus, the five sub-pixel repeating units and four dimming structures of the display substrate can cooperate to form five viewpoints, thereby making the display device including the above-described display substrate a five-viewpoint display device.

[0103] It is understandable that when the sum of the numbers is 7, 7 viewpoints can be formed, and when the sum of the numbers is 9, 9 viewpoints can be formed. The principle of forming viewpoints can be referred to the principle of forming 3 viewpoints in the relevant description of Figure 2 above and the principle of forming 5 viewpoints in the relevant description of Figure 6 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0104] For example, the sum of the number of orthogonal projections of the first projection group, the second projection group, and the black matrix sub-part overlapping with the same third projection on the substrate can also be other odd numbers less than 100. For example, the sum of the above numbers can also be 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99. It is understood that the above different sums of numbers correspond to the number of viewpoints, and the parameters of the dimming structure can be set accordingly according to the design requirements of the number of viewpoints. This disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.

[0105] Figures 8A to 8C show schematic diagrams of display substrates in different embodiments. The difference between Figures 8A, 8B, and 8C is that the sum of the number of orthogonal projections of the first projection group, the second projection group, and the black matrix sub-part overlapping with the same dimming structure on the substrate is different in the three display substrates of Figures 8A to 8C.

[0106] Referring to Figure 8A, the sum of the number of the first projection group P11, the second projection group P12, and the orthogonal projection P13 of the black matrix sub-parts overlapping with the dimming structure L1 on the substrate is 2. Referring to Figure 8C, the sum of the number of the first projection group P31, the second projection group P32, and the orthogonal projection P33 of the black matrix sub-parts overlapping with the dimming structure L3 on the substrate is 6. In the display substrates shown in Figures 8A and 8C, the principle of forming stereoscopic viewpoints is the same as the principle of forming 3-viewpoint and 5-viewpoint views in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In Figure 8A, the light emitted by the sub-pixels is deflected by the dimming structure L1 to form a display image with two viewpoints. In Figure 8C, the light emitted by the sub-pixels is deflected by the dimming structure L3 to form a display image with six viewpoints. However, the black matrix sub-parts extending along the Y direction in the display substrates shown in Figures 8A and 8C cannot be completely covered by the display image, resulting in moiré patterns.

[0107] Referring to Figure 8B, the sum of the number of the first projection group P21, the second projection group P22, and the orthogonal projection P23 of the black matrix sub-parts overlapping with the dimming structure L2 on the substrate is 4. In the display substrate shown in Figure 8B, the principle of forming stereoscopic viewpoints is the same as the principle of forming 3-viewpoints and 5-viewpoints in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Referring to Figure 8B, the light emitted from the sub-pixels is deflected by the dimming structure L2 to form a display image with four viewpoints, but the black matrix sub-parts extending along the Y direction cannot be completely covered by the display image, resulting in moiré patterns. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8B, a white stereoscopic viewpoint cannot be synthesized; only a yellow stereoscopic viewpoint can be formed by red sub-pixels R and green sub-pixels G, or a blue stereoscopic viewpoint can be formed by blue sub-pixels B.

[0108] Therefore, in conjunction with the descriptions in Figures 2 to 7 above, it can be seen that in the embodiments of this disclosure, the sum of the number of orthogonal projections of the first projection group, the second projection group, and the projection interval (or, the black matrix sub-part) overlapping with the same third projection on the substrate is an odd number. This can achieve a good match between the dimming structure and the sub-pixel. After the light emitted by the sub-pixel passes through the dimming structure, the resulting display image can cover the entire projection interval (or, the black matrix sub-part), thereby significantly reducing or even eliminating moiré patterns.

[0109] Referring to FIG2, in some examples, the plurality of dimming structures 210 include a first dimming structure 211 and a second dimming structure 212 alternately arranged in a first direction X. In a direction perpendicular to the substrate 10, in a first sub-pixel column C1 and a second sub-pixel column C2 covered by the same first dimming structure 211, the edge of the light-emitting area of ​​at least one of the sub-pixels overlaps with the edge of the first dimming structure 211. For example, the edge of at least one of the first projection group and the second projection group located within the orthographic projection of the first dimming structure 211 on the substrate 10 coincides with the edge of the orthographic projection of the first dimming structure 211 on the substrate 10. In a direction perpendicular to the substrate 10, the edge of the black matrix sub-section 310 covered by the same second dimming structure 212 overlaps with the edge of the second dimming structure 212. For example, the edge of the black matrix sub-section 310 located within the orthographic projection of the second dimming structure 212 on the substrate 10 coincides with the edge of the orthographic projection of the second dimming structure on the substrate. This facilitates the alignment of the dimensions of the first dimming structure 211 and the second dimming structure 212 in the first direction X. Furthermore, the edge of the orthographic projection of each dimming structure onto the substrate will not fall within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel onto the substrate. Thus, the light emitted from the light-emitting area of ​​a sub-pixel will not be simultaneously modulated by two adjacent dimming structures, preventing light crosstalk.

[0110] For example, the orthographic projection of a first dimming structure onto the substrate is a third projection, and the orthographic projection of a second dimming structure onto the substrate is a third projection.

[0111] For example, referring to FIG2, in the first dimming structure 211, one of its two opposing edges on the substrate 10 in the first direction X coincides with the edge of the first projection group, and the other edge coincides with the edge of the second projection group. For example, the edge of the first projection group is the edge of the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel in the first sub-pixel column onto the substrate. For example, the edge of the second projection group is the edge of the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel in the second sub-pixel column onto the substrate.

[0112] For example, referring to FIG2, the two opposite edges of the second dimming structure 212 projected onto the substrate 10 in the first direction X coincide with the edges of the two black matrix sub-parts 310, respectively.

[0113] For example, referring to FIG2, the maximum size of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 in the first sub-pixel column C1 in the first direction X is equal to the maximum size of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 in the first direction X. On the substrate 10, the edge of the orthographic projection of the first dimming structure 211 coincides with the edge of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z1 and the edge of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z2. The edge of the orthographic projection of the first dimming structure 211 coincides with the edge of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 101 in the second sub-pixel column C2.

[0114] For example, when the size of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the first direction is different from the size of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the first direction, the edge of the orthogonal projection of the first dimming structure on the substrate can coincide with the edge of the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting area of ​​one of the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixel on the substrate, and the orthogonal projection of the first dimming structure on the substrate covers the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel and the light-emitting areas of the second sub-pixel.

[0115] Referring to Figure 2, in some examples, there is no gap between adjacent dimming structures 210 to improve the utilization of light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting area. For example, the first dimming structure 211 and the second dimming structure 212 are adjacent to each other. For example, the edges of the first dimming structure 211 and the second dimming structure 212 are connected to each other. For example, the dimming layer 200 is a continuous film layer.

[0116] Referring to Figure 2, in some examples, the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns C1 and C2 covered by the same first dimming structure 211 is different from the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns C1 and C2 covered by the same second dimming structure 212. For example, the sum of the number of first projection groups and second projection groups overlapping with the orthographic projection of the same first dimming structure 211 on the substrate 10 is different from the sum of the number of first projection groups and second projection groups overlapping with the orthographic projection of the same second dimming structure 212 on the substrate 10. For example, the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns C1 and C2 covered by the first dimming structure 211 is 2, and the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns C1 and C2 covered by the second dimming structure 212 is 1. For example, the sum of the number of first projection groups and second projection groups overlapping with the orthographic projection of the first dimming structure 211 on the substrate 10 is 2, and the sum of the number of first projection groups and second projection groups overlapping with the orthographic projection of the second dimming structure 212 on the substrate 10 is 1.

[0117] For example, referring to Figure 6, the sum of the number of the first projection group and the second projection group overlapping with the orthographic projection of the dimming structure 210A on the substrate 10 is 3, and the sum of the number of the first projection group and the second projection group overlapping with the orthographic projection of the dimming structure 210B on the substrate 10 is 2. This allows the arrangement of sub-pixels to better match the arrangement of dimming structures in the dimming layer, achieving the effect of reducing or even eliminating moiré patterns.

[0118] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in some examples, the ratio of the size of the light-emitting area of ​​any one of the multiple sub-pixels 100 in the first direction X (e.g., sizes D1, D2, and D3 shown in Figure 3) to the size D0 of the black matrix sub-part 310 in the first direction X is 0.9-1.1. This makes the sizes of the first projection group, the second projection group, and the black matrix sub-part 310 in the first direction X tend to be consistent, which is beneficial for achieving consistency in the sizes of multiple dimming structures in the first direction X.

[0119] For example, the ratio of the size of the light-emitting area of ​​any one of the multiple sub-pixels in the first direction to the size of the black matrix sub-part in the first direction is 0.95-1.05. Alternatively, the ratio of the size of the light-emitting area of ​​any one of the multiple sub-pixels in the first direction to the size of the black matrix sub-part in the first direction is 1.

[0120] Referring to Figure 2, for example, in the first sub-pixel column C1, the size of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 in the first direction X and the size of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 in the first direction X tend to be the same. For example, on a reference plane perpendicular to the second direction Y, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102. For example, the center line connecting the light-emitting areas Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 and Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 is substantially on the same straight line.

[0121] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, for example, the ratio of the dimension PL of the dimming structure 210 in the first direction X to the pitch Dp of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel 100 in the first direction X is A / B, where B is 4 and A is an odd number between 3 and 99. It should be noted that A represents the numerator of the above ratio, and B represents the denominator. The pitch of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel in the first direction refers to the distance between the centers of the light-emitting areas of two sub-pixels of the same color. For example, the dimension PL of the dimming structure 210 in the first direction X is equal to the pitch of the dimming structure 210. For example, the pitch of the dimming structure 210 refers to the distance between the centers of two adjacent dimming structures.

[0122] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, given the known pitch Dp of the light-emitting area of ​​sub-pixel 100 in the first direction X, and the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns C1, second sub-pixel columns C2, and intervals G1 covered by the same dimming structure 210, the size PL of the dimming structure 210 in the first direction X can be calculated based on the aforementioned ratio. It is understood that the pitch Dp of the light-emitting area of ​​sub-pixel 100 in the first direction X can also be determined based on the size PL of the dimming structure and the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns C1, second sub-pixel columns C2, and intervals G1 covered by the dimming structure 210; this disclosure does not limit this.

[0123] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the size of the light-emitting area of ​​any one of the multiple sub-pixels 100 in the first direction X is equal to the size of the black matrix sub-part 310 in the first direction X. That is, the size D1 of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel 101 in the first direction X, the size D2 of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel 102 in the first direction X, the size D3 of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel 103 in the first direction X, and the size D0 of the black matrix sub-part 310 in the first direction X are equal. Let size D1, size D2, size D3, and size D0 all be represented as a, and the pitch Dp is equal to 4 times a. The sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column C1, the second sub-pixel column C2, and the interval G1 covered by a dimming structure 210 is 3, that is, the size of a dimming structure 210 in the first direction X is 3 times a. Therefore, the ratio of size PL to pitch Dp is 3 / 4, that is, A is 3 and B is 4.

[0124] For example, A can be an odd number such as 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95, or 99, and this disclosure does not impose any limitation on it. For example, the value of A is the number of viewpoints formed. For example, the value of A can be equal to the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the intervals covered by a dimming structure.

[0125] Referring to Figure 2, in some examples, multiple dimming structures 210 have the same size in the first direction X, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the dimming structure, reduces processing difficulty, and improves the precision of the dimming structure. This improves the accuracy of the dimming structure in adjusting light, resulting in better display effects.

[0126] Referring to Figure 2, the dimming structure 210 includes at least one of a resin lens, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal resin lens, a holographic grating, a holographic lens, and a metasurface. For example, the dimming structure can be one of a resin lens, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal resin lens, a holographic grating, a holographic lens, and a metasurface, or a combination of two or more, and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0127] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the dimming structure 210 includes a convex surface S protruding towards the side away from the sub-pixel 100. The ratio of the radii of curvature of the convex surfaces S of any two of the multiple dimming structures 210 (e.g., dimming structure 210A, dimming structure 210B, dimming structure 210C, dimming structure 210D) is 0.9-1.1. Therefore, the convex surface shapes of the multiple dimming structures tend to be consistent, which is beneficial for the fabrication of the dimming structures.

[0128] For example, the dimming structure can be a resin lens, and the convex surface of the dimming structure can be the convex surface of the resin lens. For example, the dimming structure extending along the second direction can be a cylindrical lens comprising resin material.

[0129] For example, the ratio of the radii of curvature of the convex surfaces of any two dimming structures in a plurality of dimming structures is 0.95-1.05. For example, the ratio of the radii of curvature of the convex surfaces of any two dimming structures in a plurality of dimming structures is 0.98-1.02. For example, the ratio of the radii of curvature of the convex surfaces of any two dimming structures in a plurality of dimming structures is 1.

[0130] Based on the aforementioned descriptions of Figures 3 and 7, setting multiple dimming structures with convex surfaces whose radii of curvature tend to be consistent is beneficial for adjusting the light emitted from the light-emitting areas of sub-pixels in different sub-pixel columns through dimming structures, so that the light is more accurately deflected to form multiple viewpoints.

[0131] Referring to Figure 3, the relative positional relationship between the first sub-pixel column C1 in the sub-pixel repetition unit 110A and the dimming structure 210A is a first positional relationship, and the relative positional relationship between the second sub-pixel column C2 in the sub-pixel repetition unit 110B and the dimming structure 210C is a second positional relationship. The first positional relationship and the second positional relationship are the same.

[0132] Referring to Figure 3, for example, the convex surface includes a first portion and a second portion. The orthographic projection of the first portion of the dimming structure 210A onto the substrate overlaps with the first projection group, and the orthographic projection of the second portion onto the substrate overlaps with the second projection group. The orthographic projection of the first portion of the dimming structure 210C onto the substrate overlaps with the second projection group, and the orthographic projection of the second portion onto the substrate overlaps with the first projection group. Since the radii of curvature of the multiple dimming structures tend to be consistent and the first positional relationship is the same as the second positional relationship, the first portion of the dimming structure 210A and the first portion of the dimming structure 210C have the same radius of curvature, and the second portion of the dimming structure 210A and the second portion of the dimming structure 210C have the same radius of curvature. Therefore, the light deflection capability of the first portion of the dimming structure 210A is substantially the same as that of the first portion of the dimming structure 210C, and the light deflection capability of the second portion of the dimming structure 210A and the second portion of the dimming structure 210C is substantially the same.

[0133] Therefore, referring to Figure 3, the dimming structure 210A can work in conjunction with the dimming structure 210C to deflect the light emitted by the sub-pixels of the first sub-pixel column C1 in the sub-pixel repetition unit 110A and the light emitted by the sub-pixels of the second sub-pixel column C2 in the sub-pixel repetition unit 110B towards the same viewpoint V1. This can prevent crosstalk and improve the display effect.

[0134] Figures 9 and 10 are schematic diagrams of dimming layers provided in different examples in at least one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0135] Referring to Figure 9, the dimming structure is a liquid crystal resin lens. For example, the dimming layer includes a first lens electrode 2101 and a second lens electrode 2102, as well as a liquid crystal layer 2104 and a lens layer 2104 disposed between the first lens electrode 2101 and the second lens electrode 2102.

[0136] Referring to Figure 9, for example, an electric field can be generated between the first lens electrode 2101 and the second lens electrode 2102 to deflect the liquid crystal molecules LC within the liquid crystal layer 2104. For example, the lens layer 2104 includes a plurality of concave lenses arranged in the first direction X. For example, the plurality of concave lenses in the lens layer 2104 can work together with the liquid crystal molecules LC to adjust the angle of light refraction. For example, the portion indicated by the dashed box in the dimming layer 200 can be regarded as a dimming structure 210.

[0137] However, this disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the lens layer in the liquid crystal resin lens may also include multiple convex lenses, which work together with the liquid crystal layer to adjust the angle of light refraction.

[0138] For example, the radius of curvature of the concave surface of the concave lens shown in Figure 9 can be the same as the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the dimming structure in Figure 3 or Figure 7. For example, the material of the lens layer 2104 can include a resin material.

[0139] For example, referring to FIG9, the dimming structure further includes a glass substrate 2105 and a glass substrate 2106, wherein the glass substrate 2105, the first lens electrode 2101, the liquid crystal layer 2103, the lens layer 2104, the second lens electrode 2102, and the glass substrate 2106 are arranged along a direction perpendicular to the substrate Z. For example, the first lens electrode 2101 and the second lens electrode 2102 can be transparent electrodes. Of course, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the dimming structure may also include other films or structures, which are not limited in this disclosure.

[0140] Referring to Figure 10, the dimming structure 210 is a liquid crystal lens. For example, the dimming layer 200 includes a first lens electrode 2001, a liquid crystal layer 2003, and a second lens electrode 2002 stacked in a direction Z perpendicular to the substrate. The second lens electrode 2002 is located on the side of the first lens electrode 2001 away from the substrate. One of the first lens electrode 2001 and the second lens electrode 2002 includes electrode strips 21 arranged in the first direction X and a slit 22 disposed between two adjacent electrode strips 21, so as to control the LC deflection direction of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 2003. By setting the dimming structure as a liquid crystal lens, fine adjustment of the light deflection angle can be achieved, which is beneficial to achieving a better display effect.

[0141] Referring to Figure 10, in the first direction X, the size of the dimming structure 210 is an integer multiple of the pitch of the electrode strip 21, so that the electric field formed between the first lens electrode 2001 and the second lens electrode 2002 is more uniformly distributed throughout the entire liquid crystal layer 2003. This results in more consistent orientation of the liquid crystal molecules under the influence of the electric field, which is beneficial for improving the uniformity and accuracy of light refraction by the liquid crystal lens, thereby improving image quality.

[0142] For example, referring to FIG10, the portion indicated by the dashed box in the dimming layer 200 can be regarded as a dimming structure 210. By setting the size of the dimming structure 210 in the first direction X to be an integer multiple of the pitch of the electrode strip 21 in the first direction X, the dimming structure 210 can be better matched with the sub-pixel repetition unit 110. The matching relationship between the dimming structure 210 and the sub-pixel repetition unit 110 shown in FIG10 can be referred to the relevant descriptions in FIG2 to FIG7 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0143] For example, the pitch of an electrode strip is the distance between the centers of two adjacent electrode strips. For example, the pitch of an electrode strip is equal to the sum of the dimension of the electrode strip in the first direction and the dimension of the slit in the first direction.

[0144] For example, Figure 10 schematically shows that the first lens electrode 2001 is a surface electrode of the entire film layer, and the second lens electrode 2002 is a line electrode of a discontinuous film layer. For example, the second lens electrode 2002 includes electrode strips 21 arranged in the first direction X and a slit 22 disposed between two adjacent electrode strips 21. However, this disclosure is not limited to this, and the first lens electrode may also be configured as a line electrode and the second lens electrode as a surface electrode.

[0145] For example, referring to Figures 2 and 10, the electrode strips 22 may extend along the second direction Y and be spaced apart in the first direction X.

[0146] For example, the size of the electrode strip in the first direction can be from 2 micrometers to 8 micrometers. For example, the size of the electrode strip in the first direction can be from 3 micrometers to 7 micrometers. For example, the size of the electrode strip in the first direction can be from 4 micrometers to 6 micrometers. For example, the size of the electrode strip in the first direction can be 5 micrometers.

[0147] For example, the size of the slit in the first direction can be from 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers. For example, the size of the slit in the first direction can be from 1.5 micrometers to 2.5 micrometers. For example, the size of the slit in the first direction can be 2 micrometers.

[0148] For example, the parameters of the dimming structure can be calculated based on the size of the sub-pixel emitting area, the size of the black matrix sub-part, the binocular distance of the human eye, and the number of viewpoints. The calculation process will be explained below using a resin lens as an example of a dimming structure.

[0149] Referring to Figure 3, for example, the size D1 of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel 101 in the first direction X, the size D2 of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel 102 in the first direction X, the size D3 of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel 103 in the first direction X, and the size D0 of the black matrix sub-part 310 in the first direction X are equal and are all represented as a.

[0150] Referring to Figure 3, for example, the spacing between the black matrix layer 300 and the dimming layer 200 is denoted as h. The spacing between the black matrix layer and the dimming layer determines the thickness of the film layer between the dimming layer and the black matrix layer. For example, this spacing can also be referred to as the placement height of the dimming layer.

[0151] For example, the refractive index difference is expressed as Δn. For example, in a dimming structure using a resin lens, the refractive index difference is the difference between the refractive index of the resin lens and the refractive index of air. For example, in a dimming structure using a liquid crystal resin lens, the refractive index difference is the difference between the refractive index of the resin lens and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer.

[0152] For example, the dimming structure includes a curved surface. Referring to the previous example, this surface can be convex or concave. The radius of curvature of the curved surface of the dimming structure is denoted as r.

[0153] For example, the interocular distance of the human eye is expressed as IPD. The value of IPD can range from 50 mm to 80 mm, and the value of IPD can be designed according to actual needs.

[0154] For example, the number of viewpoints is represented by N, and the viewing distance is represented by L. The viewing distance refers to the distance between the viewer's eyes and the display device. The length of the viewing distance varies in different application scenarios. For example, the viewing distance of a mobile phone is shorter than that of a television. The viewing distance can be designed according to the actual application scenario.

[0155] The spacing between the black matrix layer and the dimming layer satisfies the following formula: h = Dp × L / IPD. The viewpoint density is calculated as 2 × arctan(IPD / 2 / L) × 180 / π. The field of view (FOV) is calculated as (N-1) × viewpoint density. The pitch of the dimming structure satisfies the following formula: PL = 3 × Dp / 4. The radius of curvature of the surface of the dimming structure satisfies the following formula: r = h × Δn. The arch height of the dimming structure is calculated as follows: Therefore, the relevant parameters of the display substrate can be calculated based on the above formula.

[0156] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between the display substrate shown in Figure 11 and the display substrate shown in Figure 2 is that the dimming structure of the display substrate shown in Figure 11 is different from the dimming structure of the display substrate shown in Figure 2.

[0157] Referring to FIG11, this disclosure provides a display substrate, including a substrate 10, a plurality of sub-pixels 100, and a dimming layer 200. The plurality of sub-pixels 100 are disposed on the substrate 10. The plurality of sub-pixels 100 are divided into a plurality of sub-pixel repeating units 110 arranged in an array in a first direction X and a second direction Y.

[0158] Referring to Figure 11, the dimming layer 200 is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel 100. The dimming layer 200 includes multiple dimming structures 210, each extending along a third direction M, which intersects with a first direction X and a second direction Y, respectively. The dimming structures 210 are configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through them. For example, the dimming structure can adjust the deflection angle of some light passing through it, or it can adjust the deflection angle of all light passing through it; this disclosure does not limit this.

[0159] Referring to Figure 11, the plurality of sub-pixels 100 includes a plurality of sub-pixel groups 100A, each sub-pixel group 100A comprising sub-pixels of different colors arranged along a third direction M. The arrangement of the sub-pixels 100 in sub-pixel group 100A differs from the arrangement of the sub-pixels 100 in sub-pixel repeating unit 110. The orthographic projection of a dimming structure 210 onto the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the light-emitting areas of all sub-pixels in at least one sub-pixel group 100A onto the substrate 10.

[0160] The display substrate provided in this embodiment has subpixels of different colors arranged in the same direction as the extension direction of the dimming structure. Furthermore, the orthographic projection of one dimming structure onto the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light-emitting areas of all subpixels in at least one pixel group onto the substrate. This accurately deflects the light emitted by subpixels in the same subpixel group towards the same viewpoint, preventing crosstalk caused by light from subpixels incident on other viewpoints. Moreover, the arrangement of the subpixels matches the arrangement of the dimming structure in the dimming layer, achieving the effect of reducing or even eliminating moiré patterns.

[0161] For example, each sub-pixel repeating unit 110 includes a first sub-pixel 101, a second sub-pixel 102, and a third sub-pixel 103. The first sub-pixel 101 emits a first color light, the second sub-pixel 102 emits a second color light, and the third sub-pixel 103 emits a third color light. The wavelength of the second color light is less than the wavelength of the first color light and greater than the wavelength of the third color light.

[0162] For example, the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0163] For example, the display substrate shown in Figure 11 does not need to consider the number of orthographic projections of the sub-pixel light-emitting areas that overlap with the orthographic projections of the same dimming structure on the substrate. As long as the orthographic projections of the light-emitting areas of all sub-pixels in the sub-pixel group on the substrate can be covered, a stereoscopic viewpoint can be formed by the sub-pixel group.

[0164] For example, the dashed line in Figure 11 divides the dimming structure into three equal parts, thus allowing the dimming structure and sub-pixels in the dimming layer to work together to form a 3-viewpoint structure.

[0165] Referring to Figure 11, for example, the orthographic projection of a dimming structure 210 onto the substrate 10 can cover the orthographic projections of the light-emitting areas of all sub-pixels in multiple sub-pixel groups 100A onto the substrate 10, thereby simplifying the fabrication of the dimming structure 210. However, this disclosure is not limited to this; for example, the orthographic projection of a dimming structure onto the substrate can also cover only the orthographic projections of the light-emitting areas of all sub-pixels in a single sub-pixel group onto the substrate.

[0166] Referring to Figure 11, for example, the first direction X intersects the second direction Y. For example, the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y. For example, in practical applications, the first direction can be horizontal to match the direction of human vision, and the second direction can be vertical. For example, a straight line extending along the first direction, a straight line extending along the second direction, and a straight line extending along the third direction lie in the same plane. For example, the third direction M is not perpendicular to the first direction X, nor to the second direction Y. For example, the third direction M can be oblique.

[0167] For example, Figure 11 schematically shows that the shape of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 can be a rounded rectangle, the shape of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 can be a rounded rectangle, and the shape of the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 can be a rounded rectangle. However, this disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel can be an octagon as shown in Figure 5. For example, the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​a sub-pixel can be a polygon with five or more sides, a circle, an ellipse, etc. For example, the shape of the light-emitting area of ​​a sub-pixel can be a regular shape or an irregular shape such as a non-regular shape.

[0168] Referring to Figure 11, in some examples, some subpixels in the same subpixel repeating unit 110 are located in the same subpixel group 100A, which helps to prevent crosstalk and improve color shift. For example, the first subpixel 101 and the third subpixel 103 in the subpixel repeating unit 1101 are located in subpixel group A1, and the second subpixel 102 in the subpixel repeating unit 1101 is located in subpixel group A2. Thus, multiple subpixel repeating units 110 arranged in an array on the substrate 10 can cooperate with each other to form multiple subpixel groups A1 to match the dimming structure 210 extending along the third direction M, achieving a better stereoscopic display effect.

[0169] Figures 12 and 13 are schematic diagrams of dimming structures and sub-pixel groups in display substrates provided in different examples of at least one embodiment of this disclosure. In the different display substrates of Figures 11 to 13, the tilt angle of the dimming structure is different.

[0170] For example, FIG12 schematically illustrates a dimming structure 210 disposed on the side of sub-pixel 100 away from substrate 10, wherein the first sub-pixel, second sub-pixel, and third sub-pixel in sub-pixel group 100A may belong to three different sub-pixel repeating units 110, respectively. It is understood that the dimming layer shown in FIG12 may include multiple dimming structures arranged in the first direction.

[0171] For example, Figure 13 schematically illustrates a dimming structure 210 disposed on the side of sub-pixel 100 away from the substrate 10, wherein the first sub-pixel, second sub-pixel, and third sub-pixel in sub-pixel group 100A may belong to three different sub-pixel repeating units 110. It is understood that the dimming layer shown in Figure 13 may include multiple dimming structures arranged in the first direction.

[0172] For example, referring to FIG11, a plurality of dimming structures 210 in dimming layer 200 may be arranged in the second direction Y. For example, the arrangement direction of the dimming structures may be adaptively adjusted according to the extension direction of the dimming structures, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0173] Referring to Figures 11 to 13, in some examples, the angle between the third direction M and the second direction Y... The angle is between 10 degrees and 80 degrees. By setting the angle range between the extension direction (i.e., the third direction M) of the dimming structure 210 and the second direction Y, it is beneficial to meet the resolution requirements of the display device, thereby improving the display effect.

[0174] For example, the angle between the third direction and the second direction can be from 11 degrees to 79 degrees. For example, the angle between the third direction and the second direction can be from 20 degrees to 75 degrees. For example, the angle between the third direction and the second direction can be from 30 degrees to 70 degrees. For example, the angle between the third direction and the second direction can be from 45 degrees to 60 degrees. For example, the angle between the third direction and the second direction can be from 50 degrees to 55 degrees.

[0175] It is understood that, referring to Figures 11 to 13, as long as the dimming structure can cover at least one sub-pixel group, this disclosure does not limit the angle between the extension direction (i.e., the third direction) of the dimming structure and the second direction. It is also understood that the arrangement of the dimming structures can vary depending on the angle between the extension direction of the dimming structure and the second direction. For example, in Figure 11, multiple dimming structures 210 can be arranged in the second direction Y. As in Figures 12 and 13, multiple dimming structures 210 can be arranged in the first direction X.

[0176] Referring to Figure 11, in some examples, the ratio of any two of the dimensions DR of the luminous area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 in the second direction Y, the dimension DG of the luminous area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 in the second direction Y, and the dimension DB of the luminous area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 in the second direction Y is 0.8-1.2. For example, in practical applications, the second direction can be vertical. By setting the proportional relationship of the dimensions of the luminous areas of different color sub-pixels in the second direction, it is beneficial to make the dimensions of the luminous areas of sub-pixels within the same sub-pixel group 100A more consistent in the second direction Y, thus preventing color shift.

[0177] Referring to Figure 11, by setting the size of the light-emitting areas of sub-pixels of different colors to be more consistent in the second direction Y, the size of the dimming structure 210 extending along the third direction M in the second direction Y can be calculated more conveniently. Moreover, the dimming structure 210 is easy to align with the light-emitting areas of the sub-pixels, which helps to simplify the design and manufacturing of the dimming structure and can also improve the accuracy of the dimming structure in adjusting light.

[0178] Referring to Figure 11, for example, the ratio of the size DR of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 in the second direction Y to the size DG of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 in the second direction Y is 0.8-1.2. For example, the ratio of the size DG of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 in the second direction Y to the size DB of the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 in the second direction Y is 0.8-1.2. For example, the ratio of the size DB of the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 in the second direction Y to the size DR of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 in the second direction Y is 0.8-1.2.

[0179] For example, the ratio of any two of the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the second direction, the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the second direction, and the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel in the second direction is 0.81-1.19. For example, the ratio of any two of the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the second direction, the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the second direction, and the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel in the second direction is 0.85-1.15. For example, the ratio of any two of the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the second direction, the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the second direction, and the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel in the second direction is 0.9-1.1. For example, the ratio of any two of the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the second direction, the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the second direction, and the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel in the second direction is 0.95-1.05. For example, the ratio of any two of the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the second direction, the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the second direction, and the dimensions of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel in the second direction is 1.

[0180] Referring to Figure 11, in some examples, within the same sub-pixel group 100A, the center line connecting the light-emitting areas Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101, Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102, and Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103 extends along a third direction M. The edge E of the orthographic projection of the dimming structure 210 onto the substrate 10 lies between the orthographic projections of the two adjacent center lines CL1 and CL2 onto the substrate 10. Therefore, the edge of the dimming structure 210 is designed to minimize the separation of the light-emitting areas of the same sub-pixel, i.e., to minimize the obstruction of the orthographic projection of the dimming structure 210 onto the substrate 10, thereby improving the display effect.

[0181] Referring to Figure 11, for example, two adjacent center lines refer to two center lines that do not have other center lines between them. For example, center lines CL1 and CL2 can be adjacent to each other in the second direction Y. However, this disclosure is not limited to this, and two center lines can also be adjacent to each other in the first direction.

[0182] Referring to FIG11, the plurality of sub-pixels 100 includes a plurality of first sub-pixel columns C1 and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns C2, which are alternately arranged in the first direction X and extend along the second direction Y. The first sub-pixel column C1 includes first sub-pixels 101 and second sub-pixels 102, which are alternately arranged in the second direction Y, and the second sub-pixel column C2 includes third sub-pixels 103, which are arranged in the second direction Y. On a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the interval between the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z1 of the first sub-pixel 101 and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z2 of the second sub-pixel 102 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area Z3 of the third sub-pixel 103. For example, the arrangement of the sub-pixels can be consistent with the arrangement of the sub-pixels shown in FIG2, which will not be described in detail here.

[0183] Referring to Figure 11, the plurality of subpixel repeating units 110 include a first subpixel repeating unit 1101 and a second subpixel repeating unit 1102 that are adjacent in the first direction X. For example, there are no other subpixel repeating units between the first subpixel repeating unit 1101 and the second subpixel repeating unit 1102 that are adjacent in the first direction X. In the same subpixel group 110A, two of the first subpixel 101, the second subpixel 102 and the third subpixel 103 belong to the first subpixel repeating unit 1101, and the other of the first subpixel 101, the second subpixel 102 and the third subpixel 103 belong to the second subpixel repeating unit 1102. For example, the first subpixel 101 and the third subpixel 103 in the subpixel group 110A belong to the first subpixel repeating unit 1101, and the second subpixel 102 in the subpixel group 110A belongs to the second subpixel repeating unit 1102. Therefore, the first sub-pixel 101, the second sub-pixel 102, and the third sub-pixel 103 in the same sub-pixel group 110A are close to each other to prevent light from the sub-pixels in other sub-pixel groups from being incident on the stereo viewpoint formed by the sub-pixel group 110A and causing crosstalk.

[0184] In some examples, the dimming structure includes at least one of a resin lens, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal resin lens, a holographic grating, a holographic lens, and a metasurface. For details, please refer to the description in the foregoing embodiments; further elaboration is not required here.

[0185] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a display device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0186] Referring to FIG14, an embodiment of this disclosure provides a display device including the display substrate of the above embodiments. Since the display device according to the embodiment of this disclosure includes the display substrate of the above embodiments, it also has corresponding beneficial technical effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0187] Referring to FIG. 14, for example, the display device includes other film layers located between the substrate 10 and the dimming layer 200. These other film layers may include the film layer containing the sub-pixels, the pixel defining layer, the black matrix layer, etc., as described in the preceding embodiments. For example, the dimming layer shown in FIG. 14 may differ from the dimming layer shown in FIG. 9. In the dimming layer shown in FIG. 14, the lens layer 2104 includes a plurality of convex lenses. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto; for example, the dimming layer may also be the dimming layer shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10, or other dimming layers described in the preceding embodiments.

[0188] For example, the display device can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display device, a liquid crystal display (LCD) display device, a light-emitting diode (LED) display device, or any product or component with display function, such as a television, digital camera, mobile phone, watch, tablet computer, laptop computer, or navigator that includes the display device. This embodiment is not limited to these.

[0189] For example, the light emitted by the display device can be linearly polarized light or unpolarized light, and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0190] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the angular spectrum of the stereo viewpoint of the display device, and Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the angular spectrum after the stereo viewpoint of the display device is merged.

[0191] In Figures 15 and 16, the horizontal axis represents the viewing angle (degrees), and the vertical axis represents the brightness (nits). When a viewer is viewing the screen of a display device, the viewing angle is the angle between the line connecting the viewer's viewing position (such as the viewer's eyes) and the midpoint of the screen, and the perpendicular line from the center line of the screen passing through the midpoint of the screen.

[0192] The dimming layer distributes pixels used to display a single 2D image to different viewpoints to achieve glasses-free 3D display, which leads to a reduction in stereoscopic resolution, especially horizontal resolution. By employing viewpoint merging, the process limitations of the dimming layer's placement height can be met, and the horizontal resolution can also be improved.

[0193] Figure 15 illustrates a spectral diagram with 20 viewpoints, including 10 viewpoints between the two eyes. Taking viewpoint 3 as the primary viewpoint of the left eye (LE) and viewpoint 13 as the primary viewpoint of the right eye (RE) as an example, when the left eye (LE) views viewpoint 3, multiple neighboring viewpoints on either side of viewpoint 3 will cause crosstalk to viewpoint 3. The crosstalk value of each viewpoint to the primary viewpoint (e.g., viewpoint 3 for the left eye) is calculated. If the crosstalk value is greater than or equal to 3%, then that viewpoint either causes crosstalk to the primary viewpoint or increases resolution. The crosstalk value of viewpoints used to increase resolution can be greater than 8%.

[0194] Referring to Figure 16, 20 viewpoints can be merged into 2 viewpoints. Viewpoints 18 to 7 are merged into 1 viewpoint, and viewpoints 8 to 17 are merged into 2 viewpoints. When viewing viewpoint 3 with the left eye, the crosstalk values ​​of viewpoints 1, 2, 4, and 5 to viewpoint 3 are greater than 8%, which can improve resolution. The crosstalk values ​​of viewpoints 19, 20, 6, and 7 to viewpoint 3 are between 3% and 8%, constituting crosstalk. The crosstalk values ​​of viewpoints 8 and 18 are less than 3%, and the crosstalk disappears after viewpoint merging.

[0195] Referring to Figures 15 and 16, merging viewpoints not only improves crosstalk but also increases resolution. For the scheme in Figure 16, which merges 20 viewpoints into 2, the stereo resolution can be increased to 5 times the viewpoint resolution.

[0196] The following points need to be explained:

[0197] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure, and other structures can be referred to the general design.

[0198] (2) Where there is no conflict, features of the same embodiment and different embodiments of this disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0199] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display substrate, comprising: Substrate; Multiple sub-pixels are disposed on the substrate. The plurality of sub-pixels includes a plurality of first sub-pixel columns and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns that are alternately arranged in a first direction and extend along a second direction; The plurality of sub-pixels are divided into a plurality of sub-pixel repeating units arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction, and the sub-pixels in each sub-pixel repeating unit are respectively located in the first sub-pixel column and the second sub-pixel column; A dimming layer is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel; The dimming layer includes multiple dimming structures, which are arranged along the first direction and all extend along the second direction; the dimming structures are configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through the dimming structures. The adjacent first sub-pixel columns and second sub-pixel columns have a spacing extending along the second direction, and the sum of the number of first sub-pixel columns, second sub-pixel columns, and the spacing covered by the same dimming structure is an odd number.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the intervals covered by different dimming structures is the same.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: A black matrix layer is located on the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate; the black matrix layer includes a plurality of black matrix openings, and the plurality of black matrix openings are configured to correspond one-to-one with the plurality of sub-pixels; The portion of the black matrix layer, excluding the black matrix opening, includes black matrix sub-sections extending along the second direction, the black matrix sub-sections covering the interval; The sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the black matrix sub-parts covered by the same dimming structure is an odd number.

4. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein, The sum of the number of the first sub-pixel column, the second sub-pixel column, and the interval covered by the same dimming structure is one of 3, 5, 7, or 9.

5. The display substrate according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, The ratio of the size of the light-emitting area of ​​any one of the plurality of sub-pixels in the first direction to the size of the black matrix sub-part in the first direction is 0.9-1.

1.

6. The display substrate according to claim 5, wherein, The ratio of the size of the dimming structure in the first direction to the pitch of the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel in the first direction is A / B, where B is 4 and A is an odd number between 3 and 99.

7. The display substrate according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, The multiple dimming structures are all the same size in the first direction.

8. The display substrate according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein, The dimming structure includes a convex surface protruding toward the side away from the sub-pixel; the ratio of the radii of curvature of any two convex surfaces of the plurality of dimming structures is 0.9-1.

1.

9. The display substrate according to any one of claims 3-8, wherein, The plurality of dimming structures includes a first dimming structure and a second dimming structure arranged alternately in the first direction; In a direction perpendicular to the substrate, in the first sub-pixel column and the second sub-pixel column covered by the same first dimming structure, the edge of the light-emitting area of ​​at least one of the sub-pixels overlaps with the edge of the first dimming structure. In a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the edge of the black matrix sub-part covered by the second dimming structure overlaps with the edge of the second dimming structure.

10. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, There is no gap between any two adjacent dimming structures in the plurality of dimming structures.

11. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The plurality of dimming structures includes a first dimming structure and a second dimming structure arranged alternately in the first direction; The sum of the number of the first sub-pixel columns and the second sub-pixel columns covered by the same first dimming structure is different from the sum of the number of the first sub-pixel columns and the second sub-pixel columns covered by the same second dimming structure.

12. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The first sub-pixel column includes first and second sub-pixels arranged alternately in the second direction, and the second sub-pixel column includes third sub-pixels arranged in the second direction; The first sub-pixel emits a first color light, the second sub-pixel emits a second color light, and the third sub-pixel emits a third color light. The wavelength of the second color light is shorter than the wavelength of the first color light and longer than the wavelength of the third color light.

13. The display substrate according to claim 12, wherein, On a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, the interval between the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel.

14. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The dimming structure includes at least one of a resin lens, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal resin lens, a holographic grating, a holographic lens, and a metasurface.

15. The display substrate according to claim 14, wherein, The dimming structure is the liquid crystal lens, and the dimming layer includes a first lens electrode, a liquid crystal layer, and a second lens electrode stacked in a direction perpendicular to the substrate. The second lens electrode is located on the side of the first lens electrode away from the substrate. One of the first lens electrode and the second lens electrode includes electrode strips arranged in the first direction and a slit disposed between two adjacent electrode strips. In the first direction, the size of the dimming structure is an integer multiple of the pitch of the electrode strip.

16. A display substrate, comprising: Substrate; Multiple sub-pixels are disposed on the substrate; the multiple sub-pixels are divided into multiple repeating sub-pixel units arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction; A dimming layer is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel; The dimming layer includes multiple dimming structures, each extending along a third direction; the third direction intersects the first direction and the second direction respectively; the dimming structure is configured to change the deflection angle of light passing through the dimming structure. The plurality of sub-pixels includes a plurality of sub-pixel groups, and the sub-pixel groups include sub-pixels of different colors arranged along the third direction; the arrangement of the sub-pixels in the sub-pixel groups is different from the arrangement of the sub-pixel repeating units; One of the dimming structures covers the light-emitting area of ​​all sub-pixels in at least one of the sub-pixel groups.

17. The display substrate according to claim 16, wherein, Some subpixels in the same repeating subpixel unit are located in the same subpixel group.

18. The display substrate according to claim 16 or 17, wherein, Each sub-pixel repeating unit includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel emits a first color light, the second sub-pixel emits a second color light, and the third sub-pixel emits a third color light. The wavelength of the second color light is less than the wavelength of the first color light and greater than the wavelength of the third color light. The ratio of any two of the dimensions of the emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel in the second direction, the dimensions of the emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel in the second direction, and the dimensions of the emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel in the second direction is 0.8-1.

2.

19. The display substrate according to claim 18, wherein, In the same sub-pixel group, the center line connecting the light-emitting areas of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel extends along the third direction; The edge of the orthographic projection of the dimming structure on the substrate is located between the orthographic projections of two adjacent center lines on the substrate.

20. The display substrate according to claim 18 or 19, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixels includes a plurality of first sub-pixel columns and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns that are alternately arranged in a first direction and extend along a second direction; the first sub-pixel columns include first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels that are alternately arranged in the second direction, and the second sub-pixel columns include third sub-pixels arranged in the second direction; On a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction, the interval between the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the first sub-pixel and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the second sub-pixel overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​the third sub-pixel.

21. The display substrate according to claim 20, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixel repeating units include a first sub-pixel repeating unit and a second sub-pixel repeating unit that are adjacent in the first direction; In the same sub-pixel group, two of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel belong to the first sub-pixel repetition unit, and the other of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel belongs to the second sub-pixel repetition unit.

22. The display substrate according to any one of claims 16-19, wherein, The angle between the third direction and the second direction is 10 to 80 degrees.

23. The display substrate according to any one of claims 16-19, wherein, The dimming structure includes at least one of a resin lens, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal resin lens, a holographic grating, a holographic lens, and a metasurface.

24. A display device comprising the display substrate according to any one of claims 1-23.

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