System and method for soft start of air conditioner

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a system and method for soft start of an air conditioner. The system comprises: a triode for alternating current (Triac) connected in series in an air conditioner power supply circuit and configured to control a power supply voltage of the air conditioner power supply circuit; a current sampling circuit configured to sample the current of the air conditioner power supply circuit in real time; a phase synchronization detection circuit configured to detect a current phase reference of the air conditioner power supply circuit; and a microcontroller unit (MCU) connected to the Triac, the current sampling circuit and the phase synchronization detection circuit, and configured to generate, on the basis of environmental parameters, the sampled current and the current phase reference, a control signal for dynamically adjusting a conduction angle of the Triac.

Description

Systems and methods for soft-starting air conditioners Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a power control system and method for air conditioning equipment, and more particularly to a soft-start system and method for controlling the power supply of air conditioning equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Air conditioning equipment is commonly used for temperature control in residences, commercial buildings, and vehicles. These units rely on electric motors and compressors to draw power from a source during startup and continuous operation. However, when an air conditioning unit starts up, the motor may generate inrush current exceeding its steady-state operating current.

[0003] The startup characteristics of air conditioning units affect both the units themselves and the surrounding power infrastructure. The operation of air conditioning units impacts energy efficiency and electricity consumption patterns. Utility rate structures typically include demand-based pricing based on peak electricity usage, making managing maximum power consumption financially relevant to system operators. The collective effect of multiple air conditioning units starting simultaneously generates demand spikes, impacting grid stability and requiring additional generation capacity. Electricity consumption patterns influence how utilities manage generation resources and maintain grid reliability during routine and seasonal load variations.

[0004] In traditional technology, air conditioners typically start using a resistor to reduce voltage. However, this consumes a significant amount of energy, leading to energy waste. Furthermore, the resistor generates considerable heat during startup, potentially affecting its lifespan. Moreover, this method does not allow for continuous speed regulation of the compressor and fan, limiting operation to rated speeds.

[0005] Therefore, for high-power motors, existing technologies typically use a star-delta starting method. During startup, the motor is connected in a star configuration, which reduces the phase voltage and thus the starting current. However, while the star-delta starting method can reduce the starting current, it also has some significant drawbacks.

[0006] First, the transition from a star to a delta configuration involves a sudden change in current, which may generate inrush current and adversely affect the power grid and motors. Second, mechanically, the sudden torque change during the transition can stress the transmission system, potentially impacting equipment lifespan over time.

[0007] Secondly, star-delta starting requires components such as contactors and time relays, which are more numerous and have more complex wiring compared to direct starting. This may lead to increased maintenance costs and a higher failure rate. In particular, if the timing accuracy of the time relay is not accurate, improper switching timing may cause excessive current or motor stalling.

[0008] Finally, during startup, the motor remains under low voltage for an extended period, which may lead to longer startup time and reduced efficiency. This is especially true in situations with frequent start-stop cycles, resulting in increased energy consumption, which does not meet modern energy-saving requirements.

[0009] Therefore, an improved system and method for soft-starting air conditioners is needed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This disclosure provides an air conditioner soft-start system and method based on a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (Triac). It enables smooth start-up of the air conditioner, reduces the impact on the power grid and equipment, and adjusts the speed of the fan and compressor as needed, improving the comfort and energy-saving performance of the air conditioner.

[0011] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a system for soft-starting an air conditioner is provided, including a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (Triac) connected in series in the air conditioner power supply circuit. The Triac is used to regulate the power supply voltage of the air conditioner power supply circuit. A current sampling circuit acquires the current of the air conditioner power supply circuit in real time, while a phase synchronization detection circuit obtains a current phase reference for the air conditioner power supply circuit. A microcontroller unit (MCU) is connected to the Triac, the current sampling circuit, and the phase synchronization detection circuit, and generates a control signal that dynamically adjusts the conduction angle of the Triac by integrating environmental parameters, the sampled current, and the phase reference.

[0012] The environmental parameters may include one or more of the following: preset target temperature, indoor-outdoor temperature difference, temperature change rate, air conditioner fan speed, and air conditioner compressor speed. The trigger circuit can be located between the MCU and the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor, generating trigger pulses based on the control signal output by the MCU to control the conduction angle. When the current sampling circuit detects that the power supply circuit current reaches its peak value, the MCU generates a synchronization control signal based on the phase reference provided by the phase synchronization detection circuit to trigger the trigger circuit. The phase synchronization detection circuit can integrate a zero-crossing detection circuit.

[0013] A buffer circuit is connected in parallel across the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor to suppress voltage surges during air conditioner startup. The MCU can be configured with an intelligent start-stop control module, which automatically reduces the conduction angle to lower the fan or compressor speed or switches to standby mode when the indoor temperature reaches a preset threshold. The MCU may also include an interface module for communication with the smart grid, which proactively reduces the conduction angle during peak electricity consumption periods based on grid demand signals to achieve energy savings. A self-learning module records user temperature control habits and automatically optimizes the conduction angle adjustment strategy through algorithms. A fault self-diagnosis module generates a fault signal and cuts off the power supply circuit when abnormal current is detected.

[0014] The system can be adapted to single-phase, two-phase or three-phase power topologies and integrated into air conditioning equipment.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an air conditioner soft-start method is provided. This method includes: acquiring the power supply circuit current in real time through a current sampling circuit; capturing a current phase reference using a phase synchronization detection circuit; and dynamically generating a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor conduction angle adjustment signal by combining environmental parameters, current values, and the phase reference. The method involves trigger pulse generation, surge suppression, intelligent start-stop strategies, grid demand response, and user habit learning. When a current peak is detected, synchronous control is triggered based on the phase reference; start-up surges are suppressed through a buffer circuit; automatic speed reduction or standby mode is activated when the temperature reaches the target; peak-shaving energy saving is achieved through linkage with the smart grid; and control parameters are optimized using a learning algorithm.

[0016] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an air conditioning device is provided, which includes the aforementioned air conditioning soft-start system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The non-limiting exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for soft-starting an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 shows a timing diagram of control signals during the soft start process of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of an air conditioner soft-start method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0021] Figure 4 shows a flowchart of the power control steps based on current sampling and trigger pulse generation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for soft-starting an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to the schematic diagram shown in Figure 1, an air conditioner soft-start system includes a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (Triac) 102 connected in series in the air conditioner power supply circuit. The three-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102 is used to control the supply voltage of the air conditioner power supply circuit.

[0024] The current sampling circuit 104 samples the current of the air conditioner power supply circuit in real time to detect the main circuit current in order to achieve overcurrent protection and output power control. The phase synchronization detection circuit 106 establishes a reference time for triggering the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102 by detecting the current phase reference of the air conditioner power supply circuit.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the phase synchronization detection circuit 106 may be a zero-point detection circuit.

[0026] The microcontroller unit (MCU) 108 is connected to the tri-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102, the current sampling circuit 104, and the phase synchronization detection circuit 106. As the central processing unit of the system, the MCU 108 receives the synchronization signal and acquires the main circuit current. Based on environmental parameters, the sampled current, and the current phase reference, the MCU 108 generates a control signal that dynamically adjusts the conduction angle of the tri-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102.

[0027] The trigger circuit 110 is connected between the MCU 108 and the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102. It generates trigger pulses based on the control signals sent by the MCU 108 to control the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102. The buffer circuit 112 is connected in parallel with the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102 to suppress voltage spikes that may be generated when the air conditioner starts.

[0028] During operation, the phase synchronization detection circuit 106 provides a timing reference signal to the MCU 108, and the current sampling circuit 104 continuously monitors the power supply circuit current and transmits the data to the MCU 108. The MCU 108 combines environmental parameters, the sampled current, and the phase reference signal to calculate the optimal conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102, and then sends a control signal to the trigger circuit 110 to generate a precise trigger pulse. The buffer circuit 112 absorbs transient voltage spikes to ensure stable system operation during the startup phase.

[0029] The system's real-time monitoring and adjustment functions enable precise control of the power supply process. The MCU dynamically optimizes the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor by comprehensively analyzing multi-dimensional parameters such as current value and phase reference. This dynamic power regulation mechanism based on the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor can both smoothly control current changes and effectively suppress surge impacts.

[0030] This system continuously monitors environmental parameters and operating status to achieve adaptive adjustment of power output. The MCU couples and analyzes environmental variables such as temperature and humidity with electrical parameters, dynamically correcting the conduction strategy of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor to ensure that the air conditioner maintains stable performance under different operating conditions.

[0031] The progressive power supply method based on three-terminal bidirectional thyristors can significantly reduce the electromechanical stress on system components. The gradual rise of current during the startup phase avoids the impact on components such as motors and compressors caused by traditional startup methods. Combined with the suppression of voltage spikes by the buffer circuit, the service life of components is further extended.

[0032] A dedicated trigger circuit provides high-precision timing control for the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor, generating a trigger pulse with an accurate time base by processing the digital signal sent by the MCU. This hardware-level triggering mechanism allows for more precise adjustment of the conduction angle, ensuring a smooth power transition during soft-start.

[0033] A snubber circuit connected in parallel with a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor can effectively suppress transient voltage spikes generated during air conditioner startup. These voltage spikes can damage electronic components within the system. By absorbing and dissipating transient energy, the snubber circuit provides an extra layer of protection for circuit components, thereby extending the overall system lifespan.

[0034] Figure 2 shows a timing diagram of control signals during the soft start process of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] This timing diagram illustrates the coordination relationship between various signals in the air conditioner soft-start system. The control signal 202, generated by the MCU, precisely regulates the power supply to the air conditioner by adjusting the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor. As shown in the diagram, the control signal 202 dynamically changes over time, gradually increasing the conduction angle to achieve a controlled and gradual increase in the power supply to the air conditioner components.

[0036] The MCU optimizes and adjusts the control signal 202 based on multi-dimensional inputs, including real-time current data from the current sampling circuit, phase reference signal from the phase synchronization detection circuit, and environmental parameters. The timing of this control signal determines the conduction period of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor in each AC cycle, thereby effectively controlling the average power delivered to the air conditioning system.

[0037] The control signal 202 can be dynamically adjusted during system operation to optimize the soft-start process. Such adjustments can respond to fluctuations in the sampling current, changes in the phase reference, or alterations in environmental parameters. Progressive adjustment of the control signal 202 helps reduce inrush current during startup and alleviates mechanical stress on air conditioning components.

[0038] Dynamic conduction angle adjustment achieved through real-time current sampling and phase reference detection enables precise power supply control. The MCU comprehensively analyzes multiple input parameters to determine the optimal timing adjustment strategy for the control signals. This collaborative control mechanism significantly suppresses power surges that may occur during the air conditioner startup phase.

[0039] The system's continuous monitoring of environmental parameters enables it to adaptively adjust power supply according to operating conditions. The MCU can dynamically correct the timing parameters of the control signals in response to factors such as changes in ambient temperature and voltage fluctuations. This adaptive capability ensures that the air conditioner maintains stable performance under different operating scenarios.

[0040] The controlled power supply mechanism effectively reduces the electromechanical load on air conditioning components. Precise control via a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor achieves a gradual increase in power, avoiding the instantaneous current surges to core components such as the motor and compressor caused by traditional starting methods. This stress reduction effect helps extend the overall service life of the air conditioning system.

[0041] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of an air conditioner soft-start method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this method, a current sampling circuit performs step 302, sampling the current of the air conditioner power supply circuit in real time. This sampling can be performed continuously or at preset intervals to monitor the electrical characteristics of the power supply circuit.

[0042] The phase synchronization detection circuit executes step 304 to obtain the current phase reference of the air conditioner power supply circuit. This phase reference provides timing information for coordinating the switching actions of the power control components.

[0043] 306 environmental parameters are acquired through various sensors and control systems of the air conditioner. These parameters include preset target temperature, indoor and outdoor temperature difference, temperature change rate, air conditioner fan speed, and compressor speed, and can be obtained through measurement, calculation, or retrieval from the storage / control system.

[0044] Based on the sampled current, phase reference, and environmental parameters, the system generates a dedicated 308 control signal. This signal is used to control the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (Triac) in the power supply circuit.

[0045] The generated signal is used to dynamically adjust the conduction angle of the 310 three-terminal bidirectional thyristor. By adjusting the conduction angle, the power supplied to the air conditioning components is controlled, achieving a gradual increase in power during the startup phase. This mechanism reduces the initial inrush current and ensures a smooth start-up of the air conditioner.

[0046] The system can continuously and dynamically adjust based on real-time updates of the sampled current, phase reference, and environmental parameters. This real-time response capability enables the system to adapt to changes in operating conditions, maintaining optimal air conditioning operation while protecting components from excessive starting current surges.

[0047] The combination of real-time current sampling and phase synchronization enables responsive power control based on actual operating conditions. Continuous monitoring of electrical parameters allows the system to adaptively adjust power supply according to changes in load demand. This dynamic control method maintains stable operation while flexibly adapting to various operating conditions.

[0048] The phase synchronization control mechanism coordinates the switching action of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor with the power supply timing characteristics. This synergy enables a controlled power supply process in the air conditioner startup sequence, reducing electrical stress on components and ensuring smooth transitions between operating states.

[0049] The introduction of multi-dimensional environmental parameters enables the soft-start process to be adaptive to operating conditions. The control system can adjust the startup strategy based on factors such as temperature difference, fan and compressor speeds, and target temperature values. This contextualized operation mode can optimize the soft-start process for different startup scenarios.

[0050] Figure 4 shows a flowchart of the power control steps based on current sampling and trigger pulse generation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the control system samples the current and generates a control signal in step 402. Based on the control signal, the trigger circuit generates a trigger pulse in step 404 to adjust the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor. This pulse determines the conduction timing and duration of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor in each AC cycle, thereby precisely controlling the power output.

[0051] When the sampling current reaches its peak value in step 406, a synchronization control signal is generated based on the current phase reference to ensure that the trigger circuit maintains precise timing control of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor. In step 408, the buffer circuit can suppress the voltage spikes generated when the air conditioner starts, protecting system components from transient voltage surges.

[0052] In step 410, the system continuously monitors the indoor temperature. In step 412, it determines whether a preset threshold has been reached: if it is, step 414 is executed to reduce the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor to reduce the fan / compressor speed or switch to standby mode; if it is not, normal operation is maintained.

[0053] In step 416, the interface module communicates with the smart grid. During peak electricity consumption periods, in step 418, the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor is dynamically adjusted according to grid demand to reduce energy consumption and support grid stability.

[0054] In step 420, the learning algorithm records and analyzes users' temperature adjustment habits, and automatically optimizes the conduction angle control signal of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor based on historical data. This algorithm can identify temperature adjustment patterns in different time periods and seasons, achieving predictive adjustment while taking into account both personalized comfort and energy efficiency optimization.

[0055] According to an embodiment, this air conditioning soft-start system can adapt to various power topologies (including single-phase, two-phase, or three-phase configurations), thereby enabling flexible deployment in different power systems. The microcontroller unit 108 can integrate additional functional modules to enhance system performance and efficiency.

[0056] This air conditioning soft-start system can include an intelligent start-stop control module, which can automatically adjust the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor 102. When the indoor temperature reaches a preset threshold, it can reduce the speed of the fan or compressor, or switch to standby mode. This function significantly reduces energy consumption while maintaining precise temperature control.

[0057] The air conditioning soft-start system may include an interface module that communicates with the smart grid. The microcontroller unit can actively adjust the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor according to the grid demand signal during peak electricity consumption periods, thus helping the grid to operate stably.

[0058] The air conditioning soft-start system may include a self-learning module, which analyzes users' temperature adjustment habits and uses a learning algorithm to optimize the conduction angle control signal of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor based on historical data to achieve personalized temperature control strategies.

[0059] This air conditioning soft-start system may include a fault self-diagnosis module that continuously monitors the current sampling circuit, detects abnormal currents, and generates fault signals. When a fault occurs, the system automatically cuts off the air conditioning power supply circuit, effectively preventing equipment damage and safety hazards.

[0060] Environmental parameters affecting air conditioner startup can include multiple dimensions such as preset target temperature, indoor and outdoor temperature difference, temperature change rate, fan speed, and compressor speed. The microcontroller unit 108 achieves synergistic optimization of air conditioner performance and energy efficiency by comprehensively analyzing these parameters.

[0061] The multi-parameter collaborative control mechanism can perform fine-tuning of power according to actual operating conditions. The microcontroller unit determines the optimal conduction angle setting of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor by processing multiple parameters. This multi-variable control strategy enables the system to maintain stable operation under dynamic environmental changes.

[0062] The synchronization mechanism between current peak detection and trigger timing enhances protection capabilities. When the current sampling circuit detects a peak value, the microcontroller unit generates a synchronization control signal based on phase reference data. This coordinated operation effectively prevents overcurrent conditions by precisely controlling the power supply timing.

[0063] The phase synchronization detection circuit equipped with zero-crossing detection can accurately locate the zero-crossing point of the AC waveform, providing precise timing control for the operation of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor switch and ensuring the stability of the load power supply.

[0064] The trigger circuit provides high-time-resolution pulse regulation capability, ensuring precise control of the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor. This fast-response mechanism enables the system to maintain stable and reliable power regulation even under dynamic operating conditions.

[0065] A synchronization mechanism between the trigger signal and the current peak enables precise control of the power supply timing. Based on a current phase reference, a trigger pulse is generated at the optimal point in the AC cycle; this coordinated timing effectively reduces electromagnetic interference during switching operations.

[0066] Buffer circuits protect electronic components by suppressing startup voltage spikes, preventing damage to sensitive circuits and thus extending the lifespan of system components.

[0067] This air conditioning soft-start system can include an intelligent start-stop module that automatically adjusts the conduction angle of a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor to control the equipment speed by monitoring the indoor temperature, achieving a dynamic balance between meeting comfort requirements and reducing energy consumption. Temperature-based automated control enables efficient energy management. When the indoor temperature reaches a threshold, the system automatically reduces the conduction angle to decrease the equipment speed or enters standby mode, optimizing energy consumption while maintaining comfort through precise control of the air conditioning system.

[0068] The smart grid interface supports dynamic load management. During peak electricity demand periods, the microcontroller unit adjusts the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristors as needed, optimizing power consumption timing to achieve grid load balancing and operational cost savings. The smart grid interface also supports participation in demand-side management plans. The ability to proactively reduce power consumption during peak demand periods helps balance grid load; this responsive power regulation enhances grid stability and reduces operating costs during high-demand periods.

[0069] The self-learning algorithm analyzes historical user temperature control data to identify usage patterns and proactively pre-adjusts the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor to match individual needs, improving comfort and operational efficiency. The learning algorithm, based on user temperature control patterns, optimizes and achieves personalized operation. The system adaptively adjusts control parameters according to long-term recorded user preferences and usage habits, achieving an intelligent balance between comfort requirements and energy consumption by automatically adjusting the conduction angle of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor.

[0070] The fault self-diagnosis module achieves protection functions through continuous current monitoring, and quickly cuts off the power supply circuit in abnormal conditions, effectively preventing the risk of electrical faults.

[0071] The architecture design, which is compatible with single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase power supplies, enables the system to adapt to different power supply environments such as residential, commercial, and industrial settings, achieving standardized deployment across various fields.

[0072] The soft-start system can be directly integrated into the air conditioning equipment as a complete unit, and the startup performance can be optimized through component collaborative control.

[0073] Although preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can combine, change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A system for soft-starting an air conditioner, characterized in that, include: A three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (Triac) is connected in series in the air conditioner power supply circuit and is configured to control the power supply voltage of the air conditioner power supply circuit; A current sampling circuit, configured to sample the current of the air conditioner power supply circuit in real time; as well as A phase synchronization detection circuit, configured to detect the current phase reference of the air conditioner power supply circuit; A microcontroller unit (MCU) is connected to the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor, the current sampling circuit, and the phase synchronization detection circuit, and is configured to generate a control signal for dynamically adjusting the conduction angle of the Triac based on environmental parameters, the sampled current, and the current phase reference.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental parameters include at least one of the following: preset target temperature, indoor-outdoor temperature difference, temperature change rate, air conditioner fan speed, and air conditioner compressor speed.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The device further includes a trigger circuit connected between the MCU and the Triac, and configured to generate a trigger pulse based on a control signal received from the MCU to control the conduction angle of the Triac.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the current sampling circuit detects that the current of the air conditioner power supply circuit has reached its peak value, the MCU generates a synchronization control signal to trigger the trigger circuit based on the current phase reference obtained from the phase synchronization detection circuit.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The phase synchronization detection circuit includes a zero-crossing detection circuit.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The system further includes a buffer circuit connected in parallel with a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor to suppress voltage spikes during the air conditioner startup process.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The MCU further includes an intelligent start-stop control module, which automatically reduces the conduction angle of the Triac to reduce the speed of the fan or the compressor when the indoor temperature is detected to reach a preset threshold, or switches to standby mode.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The MCU further includes an interface module for communicating with the smart grid. The MCU is configured to actively reduce the conduction angle of the Triac during peak load periods based on the smart grid demand signal to reduce energy consumption.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The MCU further includes a self-learning module, which is configured to record user temperature adjustment habit data and automatically optimize the control signal for adjusting the conduction angle of the Triac through a learning algorithm.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The MCU further includes a fault self-diagnosis module, which generates a fault signal to cut off the power supply circuit of the air conditioner when the abnormal current is detected.

11. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that, Applicable to single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase power supply topologies.

12. An air conditioning device, characterized in that, The system comprising any one of claims 1-11.

13. A method for soft-starting an air conditioner, characterized in that, include: The current in the air conditioner power supply circuit is sampled in real time using a current sampling circuit. The current phase reference of the air conditioner power supply circuit is obtained by a synchronous phase detection circuit; Based on environmental parameters, sampled current, and acquired current phase reference, a control signal is generated for dynamically adjusting the conduction angle of the triac.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The environmental parameters include at least one of the following: preset target temperature, indoor-outdoor temperature difference, temperature change rate, air conditioner fan speed, and air conditioner compressor speed.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Further includes: The trigger circuit generates a trigger pulse based on the control signal to control the conduction angle of the Triac.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, When the sampled current reaches its peak value, a synchronization control signal is generated to trigger the trigger circuit based on the current phase reference.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, Further includes: The voltage spikes during the air conditioner startup process are suppressed by a buffer circuit.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, When the indoor temperature is detected to have reached a preset threshold, the conduction angle of the Triac is automatically reduced to decrease the speed of the fan or compressor, or the system is switched to standby mode.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, Further includes: Communicating with the smart grid via an interface module; Based on the requirements of the smart grid, the conduction angle of the Triac is proactively reduced during peak load periods to decrease energy consumption.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that, Further includes: Record user temperature adjustment habits data; The control signal for adjusting the conduction angle of the Triac is automatically optimized through a learning algorithm.

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