Laser scanning apparatus and electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application disclose a laser scanning apparatus and an electronic device. The apparatus comprises an optical fiber actuator, a lens, and a galvanometer assembly. The optical fiber actuator is connected to an optical fiber and is driven by an external driving signal to drive the optical fiber to perform vibratory scanning on a scanning plane at a first working frequency; and an external laser beam passes through the optical fiber and then enters the lens. The galvanometer assembly comprises a reflective mirror; and the reflective mirror has an inclination angle, and is externally driven to perform rotational vibration at a second working frequency about an axis parallel to the scanning plane, so that light emitted from the lens is projected and reflected to a preset area to form an image. By means of the laser scanning apparatus, the effect of reducing the size of the laser scanning apparatus while ensuring the imaging quality is achieved.

Description

Laser scanning device and electronic device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the invention application with the application date of 2025-02-28, the application number of "202510236873.0", and the patent name of "A laser scanning device and electronic device", the invention application with the application date of 2025-12-29, the application number of "202512005375.8", and the patent name of "Fast-axis feedback method of scanning unit and scanning display device", the invention application with the application date of 2025-09-15, the application number of "202511313343.8", and the patent name of "Opto-mechanical module and near-eye display device", the invention application with the application date of 2025-9-15, the application number of "202511312870.7", and the patent name of "Opto-mechanical module and near-eye display device", the invention application with the application date of 2025-9-15, the application number of "202511313033.6", and the patent name of "Adjustment method of opto-mechanical module in near-eye display device and near-eye display device", the invention application with the application date of 2025-9-15, the application number of "202511313141.3", and the patent name of "Near-eye display device", the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a laser scanning device and an electronic device comprising the same. BACKGROUND

[0003] Laser scanning technology is a technology that realizes scanning of a target area by controlling the direction and path of a laser beam, and is widely used in medical treatment, autonomous driving, AR, etc. Generally, in some scenarios, laser scanning technology can be realized by devices such as a fiber scanning display (FSD) device or a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) galvanometer, etc. In particular, when used for display imaging, there are very high requirements for the corresponding device or the module composed of the corresponding device, that is, to ensure the imaging quality while miniaturizing the whole. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a laser scanning device to at least partially solve the above technical problems.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present application, a laser scanning device is provided, which comprises a fiber actuator, a lens and a galvanometer assembly.

[0006] The optical fiber actuator is connected with the optical fiber, and drives the optical fiber to vibrate and scan on a scanning plane at a first working frequency under the driving of an external driving signal, and an external laser beam forms a linear scanning track via the optical fiber and enters the lens;

[0007] The lens is located at a predetermined position between the optical fiber actuator and the galvanometer, at least one light entrance surface of the lens faces the light exit end of the optical fiber, and a light exit surface of the lens faces a reflecting mirror of the galvanometer assembly.

[0008] The reflecting mirror of the galvanometer assembly and the scanning plane have an inclination angle, and the reflecting mirror can rotate and vibrate around an axis parallel to the scanning plane at a second working frequency under the driving of an external driving signal, and the light emitted from the lens is reflected to a preset area to form an image.

[0009] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the positional relationship between the lens and the galvanometer is determined by the inclination angle, the characteristic parameters of the lens, the parameters of the optical fiber, and the size of the reflecting mirror.

[0010] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the position of the entrance pupil of the reflecting mirror and the optical distance l of the reflecting mirror are less than or equal to 82 mm, and the position where the field of view light rays of the track formed after the optical fiber scanning spatially intersect after passing through the lens is the position of the entrance pupil of the reflecting mirror.

[0011] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the lens includes at least two groups of mirror pieces, and the distance between the center point on the light exit surface of the last group of mirror pieces in the at least two groups of mirror pieces and the center point of the reflecting mirror is determined by the characteristic parameters of the lens and the width of the reflecting mirror; and the inclination angle is determined by the characteristic parameters of the lens and the height of the reflecting mirror.

[0012] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the position of the entrance pupil and the optical distance l of the reflecting mirror are less than or equal to 82 mm, the width W of the reflecting mirror and the optical distance l are related as follows:

[0013] The height H of the reflecting mirror and the inclination angle θ are related as follows:

[0014] Wherein, f is the focal length of the lens, NA is the object numerical aperture of the lens, h is the object height of the lens, and θ is the inclination angle of the reflecting mirror.

[0015] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the distance between the vibration starting point of the optical fiber and the light exit surface of the optical fiber is r, and the distance l' between the entrance pupil of the reflecting mirror and the image side main surface of the lens is:

[0016] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the distance between the reflecting lens and the image-side principal plane of the lens is L, and the distance between the entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens and the image-side principal plane of the lens is l'; when the entrance pupil position is located behind the galvanometer assembly in the light propagation direction, l is negative; when the entrance pupil position is located in front of the galvanometer assembly in the light propagation direction, l is positive; the relationship between L, l' and l is L = l + l'.

[0017] The relationship between L and the lens parameters, the lateral field of view angle a, and the width W of the reflection is:

[0018] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the distance between the reflecting lens and the image-side principal plane of the lens is L, and the distance between the entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens and the image-side principal plane of the lens is l'; when the entrance pupil position is located behind the galvanometer assembly in the light propagation direction, l is negative; when the entrance pupil position is located in front of the galvanometer assembly in the light propagation direction, l is positive; the relationship between L, l' and l is L = l + l'. H’ H’ The relationship between L and l

[0019] wherein H m is the length of the outer frame of the galvanometer assembly, H l is the height of the lens, and β is the longitudinal field of view angle.

[0020] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the area A of the reflecting mirror is less than 20mm 2 .

[0021] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens and the optical distance l of the reflecting lens are obtained by the following method:

[0022] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the reflecting lens is a reflecting filter, which allows part of the light entering the reflecting lens to pass through the reflecting lens and enter a photoelectric sensor, and the photoelectric sensor generates a feedback signal according to the change of the part of the light, so as to adjust the driving parameters of the optical fiber actuator.

[0023] The embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device comprising the laser scanning device provided by any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0024] ​The laser scanning device and the electronic device provided by the above specific implementation can realize fast-axis and slow-axis vibration decoupling, the fiber fast-axis drive can be directly driven by a resonance frequency, without the need to design a complex matching relationship of the fiber characteristic frequency, the actuator characteristic frequency and the drive frequency, avoid nonlinearity, realize fast-axis scanning by extremely low drive voltage, greatly increase the device parameter robustness, and greatly reduce the production and processing requirements. In addition, when the fiber actuator adopts a piezoelectric method to realize one-dimensional high-frequency scanning, the vibration inertia of the high-frequency vibration component is extremely low, compared with a MEMS high-frequency galvanometer, the processing technology requirement and the drive power consumption can be reduced, and the fatigue resistance is improved.

[0025] The application also provides an optical mechanical module, comprising a scanning unit and a waveguide, wherein the scanning unit comprises a fiber scanner, a lens and a galvanometer;

[0026] The scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along a first vibration direction under the driving of a driving signal and forms a linear scanning track, and after penetrating through the lens, the light is incident to a reflecting surface of the galvanometer, the galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction, and an image is formed under the action of the galvanometer and enters a coupling-in area of the waveguide.

[0027] The angle between the side of the galvanometer close to the waveguide and the side surface of the waveguide is not greater than 20 degrees, the projection of the galvanometer on the waveguide at least partially overlaps the coupling-in area of the waveguide, and the distance between the light ray convergence of the scanning unit in the first display direction and the coupling-in area of the waveguide is within 2 mm; the light ray convergence of the scanning unit in the second display direction is located at the galvanometer.

[0028] In some specific implementations of the application, the coupling-in area of the waveguide is elliptical with the long axis along the second display direction.

[0029] In some specific implementations of the application, the first display direction and the second display direction are perpendicular in space, corresponding to the horizontal and vertical directions of the displayed image.

[0030] In some specific implementations of the application, the angle between the reflecting surface of the galvanometer and the surface where the coupling-in area is located ranges from 30 to 60 degrees.

[0031] In some specific implementations of the application, the light exit surface of the lens is oppositely arranged with the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the light emitted by the light exit surface of the lens is reflected to the coupling-in area of the waveguide under the action of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer.

[0032] In some specific implementations of the application, an optical path turning unit is further arranged between the lens and the waveguide, the optical path turning unit is located on the light exit path of the lens, and the reflecting surface of the optical path turning unit is parallel to one side surface of the galvanometer.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application also provides a near-eye display device, comprising a glasses body and the optical-mechanical module, wherein the glasses body comprises a frame and a temple, the waveguide is located in the frame, and the optical fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer are arranged on the temple or the frame.

[0034] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the following technical effects: by limiting the scanning unit to be close to the coupling-in area of the waveguide at the light ray aggregation in the first display direction and to be located at the galvanometer at the light ray aggregation in the second display direction, the spot of the exit pupil position of the optical-mechanical module is matched with the coupling-in area of the waveguide, thereby ensuring that the full field of view beam size is minimum when the spot enters the coupling-in area, and improving the imaging quality of the optical-mechanical module.

[0035] The embodiment of the present application also provides an optical-mechanical module, comprising a scanning unit, a waveguide and an afocal optical element, wherein the scanning unit comprises an optical fiber scanner, a lens and a galvanometer.

[0036] The scanning fiber of the optical fiber scanner vibrates along a first vibration direction under the driving of a driving signal and forms a linear scanning track, after penetrating through the lens, the scanning fiber enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, the galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction, and an image is formed under the action of the galvanometer, and the beam of the image enters the coupling-in area of the waveguide under the action of the afocal optical element.

[0037] The entrance pupil position and the exit pupil position of the afocal optical element are located at two ends of the afocal optical element, wherein the distance between the entrance pupil position of the afocal optical element and the center position of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is within the range of 2mm, and the distance between the exit pupil position of the afocal optical element and the coupling-in area of the waveguide is within the range of 2mm.

[0038] In some specific implementations of the embodiment of the present application, the afocal optical element comprises an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, the distance between the entrance pupil position of the objective lens group and the center position of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is within the range of 1mm, and the distance between the exit pupil position of the eyepiece lens group and the coupling-in area of the waveguide is within the range of 2mm, the objective lens group receives the image light reflected by the galvanometer, the eyepiece lens group receives the image light of the objective lens group, and the eyepiece lens group projects the image light to the coupling-in area of the waveguide.

[0039] In some specific implementations of the embodiment of the present application, the relationship between the entrance pupil distance of the objective lens group and the focal length of the objective lens group and the focal length of the eyepiece lens group is as follows:

[0040] Wherein, f1 is the focal length of the objective lens group, f2 is the focal length of the eyepiece lens group, and l is the entrance pupil distance of the objective lens group.

[0041] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, a light path turning piece is arranged between the objective lens group and the eyepiece lens group, the light path turning piece is located on an emergent light path of the objective lens group, and the eyepiece lens group is located on a reflected light path of the light path turning piece.

[0042] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, a ratio of a variation amount of an exit pupil distance of the afocal optical element to a variation amount of an entrance pupil distance is less than 1.5, the variation amount of the entrance pupil distance is a distance between an exit pupil position of the lens and an entrance pupil position of the afocal optical element, and the variation amount of the entrance pupil distance is less than 0.5 mm.

[0043] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the afocal optical element includes an equivalent negative refractive index or a negative refractive index flat lens, and the flat lens causes light rays to converge again to form an image.

[0044] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the first display direction and the second display direction are perpendicular in space, corresponding to a horizontal direction and a vertical direction of a displayed image.

[0045] The embodiments of the present application also provide a near-eye display device, including a glasses main body and the optical-mechanical module, wherein the glasses main body includes a frame and a temple, the waveguide is located in the frame, and the optical fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer are arranged on the temple or the frame.

[0046] The technical solutions of the optical-mechanical module and the near-eye display device in the embodiments can achieve the following technical effects: by arranging the afocal optical element between the galvanometer and the waveguide, the exit pupil position of the optical-mechanical module can be adjusted, so that the light ray aggregation in the first display direction is close to the coupling-in area of the waveguide and the light ray aggregation in the second display direction is located at the galvanometer, the exit pupil position of the optical-mechanical module is matched with the coupling-in area of the waveguide, and then the full field of view beam size is minimized when the light spot enters the coupling-in area, and the imaging quality of the optical-mechanical module is improved.

[0047] The embodiments of the present application also provide an adjustment method of an optical-mechanical module in a near-eye display device, the near-eye display device including the optical-mechanical module and a glasses main body, wherein the optical-mechanical module includes a scanning unit and a waveguide, the scanning unit at least includes an optical fiber scanner, a lens and a galvanometer, the optical-mechanical module is arranged on the glasses main body, and the method includes:

[0048] obtaining spatial structure parameters of the waveguide and the scanning unit and an exit angle of a central field of view relative to a human eye;

[0049] determining a preset rotation angle corresponding to the optical fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer based on at least the spatial structure parameters, the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye and a position distribution of the optical fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer.

[0050] The preset rotation angles of the fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer are respectively expanded to obtain rotation angle ranges of the fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer, and iterative calculation is performed in the rotation angle ranges to determine the rotation angles of the fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer.

[0051] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the application, the spatial structure parameters at least include an included angle between the waveguide and a horizontal direction, an included angle between the waveguide and a vertical direction, and an included angle between a temple of the near-eye display device and a central field of view vertical to an eye entry direction.

[0052] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the application, a deflection angle of the scanning unit in the horizontal direction is equal to an exit angle of the central field of view in the horizontal direction relative to the human eye, and a deflection angle of the scanning unit in the vertical direction is equal to an exit angle of the central field of view in the vertical direction relative to the human eye.

[0053] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the application, a linear scanning track of the fiber scanner and the lens exits on a projection plane of the galvanometer and has an included angle of not more than 5 degrees with a rotation axis of the galvanometer.

[0054] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the application, a transverse direction of an image output by the optical-mechanical module is perpendicular to the vertical direction, and a longitudinal direction of the image output by the optical-mechanical module is perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

[0055] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the application, a scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along a first vibration direction under the driving of a driving signal and forms a linear scanning track, penetrates through the lens, enters a reflecting surface of the galvanometer, the galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction, and an image is formed under the action of the galvanometer and enters a coupling-in area of the waveguide.

[0056] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the application, the scanning unit further includes an optical path turning element, the optical path turning element is located on an optical path of the lens, a reflecting surface of the optical path turning element is oppositely arranged with a reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the coupling-in area of the waveguide is located on an optical path of the galvanometer.

[0057] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the application, the scanning unit further includes an afocal optical system, the galvanometer is located on an optical path of the lens, the afocal optical system is located on an optical path of the galvanometer, and the coupling-in area of the waveguide is located on an output optical path of the afocal optical system.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application also provides a near-eye display device, comprising a glasses body and an optical-mechanical module adjusted according to the foregoing method, wherein the glasses body comprises a frame and a temple, and the waveguide is located in the frame, and the optical fiber scanner, the lens and the galvanometer are arranged on the temple or the frame.

[0059] The adjustment method of the near-eye display device and the optical-mechanical module in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the following: the spatial position distribution between the waveguide and the scanning unit and the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye are used to determine the preset rotation angle of each component, and then the rotation angle is iteratively optimized, so as to complete the adjustment of each component in the scanning unit. In the adjustment process, the specific structural distribution of the optical-mechanical module and the positional relationship between the central field of view light and the human eye when the user wears are combined, rather than simply adjusting the position of the optical-mechanical module or the image source, so that the overall volume of the near-eye display device is small and the wearing experience is good, while the imaging quality of the near-eye display device is ensured.

[0060] The embodiment of the present application also provides a near-eye display device, comprising a scanning unit and a glasses body, wherein the glasses body comprises a frame, a temple and a waveguide, the temple is connected with the frame, the waveguide is arranged in the frame, and the left side and / or the right side of the glasses body is provided with at least two groups of scanning units, the at least two groups of scanning units are arranged at the temple or the frame on the same side of the glasses body.

[0061] The included angle between the long axis direction of the scanning unit and the extension direction of the connecting segment of the temple is not greater than 5°, or the included angle between the long axis direction of the scanning unit and the frame of the frame is not greater than 5°, the image projected by each scanning unit is coupled into the coupling-in area of the corresponding waveguide, and the images projected by the at least two groups of scanning units in the display area of the waveguide partially overlap.

[0062] In some specific implementations of the embodiment of the present application, the scanning unit comprises an optical fiber scanner, a lens and a galvanometer.

[0063] The scanning fiber of the optical fiber scanner vibrates along a first vibration direction under the driving of a driving signal and forms a linear scanning track, after penetrating through the lens, the scanning fiber is incident into the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, the galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction, and an image is formed under the action of the galvanometer and enters the coupling-in area of the waveguide.

[0064] In some specific implementations of the embodiment of the present application, the at least two groups of scanning units are arranged on the connecting segment of the temple, wherein the at least two groups of scanning units are arranged side by side, and the included angle between the long axis direction of the at least two groups of scanning units and the extension direction of the connecting segment of the temple is not greater than 5°.

[0065] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the at least two groups of scanning units are arranged on the frame, and the at least two groups of scanning units are arranged side by side, and the angle between the long axis direction of the at least two groups of scanning units and the side frame of the frame is not greater than 5°.

[0066] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the angle between the long axis direction of one group of scanning units in the at least two groups of scanning units and the horizontal side frame of the frame is not greater than 5°, and the angle between the long axis direction of another group of scanning units in the at least two groups of scanning units and the vertical side frame of the frame is not greater than 5°.

[0067] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the angle between the long axis direction of one group of scanning units in the at least two groups of scanning units and the extension direction of the connecting segment of the temple is not greater than 5°, and the angle between the long axis direction of another group of scanning units in the at least two groups of scanning units and the side frame of the frame is not greater than 5°.

[0068] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the scanning unit in the at least two groups of scanning units that is substantially parallel to the connecting segment of the temple further comprises an optical path turning element, and the coupling-in region of the waveguide is located on the light path of the galvanometer.

[0069] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the scanning unit in the at least two groups of scanning units that is substantially parallel to the connecting segment of the temple further comprises an afocal optical system, the galvanometer is located on the light path of the lens, the afocal optical system is located on the light path of the galvanometer, and the coupling-in region of the waveguide is located on the light path of the afocal optical system.

[0070] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the scanning unit in the at least two groups of scanning units that is substantially parallel to the side frame of the frame, the light exit surface of the lens is arranged opposite to the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the light emitted by the light exit surface of the lens is reflected to the coupling-in region of the waveguide under the action of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer.

[0071] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the linear scanning track emitted by the fiber scanner and the lens is on the projection plane of the galvanometer and the angle between the linear scanning track and the rotation axis of the galvanometer is not greater than 5°.

[0072] The near-eye display device provided in the embodiments of the present application has a plurality of scanning units arranged on the side of the glasses body corresponding to the temple or the frame, and the long axis direction of each scanning unit is arranged substantially parallel to the temple or the frame where the scanning unit is located. The light emitted by each scanning unit is coupled into the waveguide through the coupling-in area corresponding to the scanning unit. The images projected by different scanning units are spliced in the waveguide, so that the near-eye display device has a larger field of view angle, while the overall volume of the near-eye display device is small.

[0073] The embodiments of the present application also provide a fast-axis feedback adjustment method of a scanning unit, the scanning unit comprising at least a scanning display device, an optical path element and at least one sensor, the optical path element is configured to allow light of a specific waveband to transmit and reflect light of other wavebands, and the at least one sensor is located on the transmission light path or the reflection light path of the optical path element; the method comprises:

[0074] The scanning display device has a fast axis and a slow axis, and the slow axis period comprises a display image period and a blanking period, and the scanning display device outputs a test image in the blanking period;

[0075] The sensor detects the time when the light spot corresponding to the test image output by the scanning display device scans the sensor and the signal intensity value thereof, and acquires the signal intensity curve of at least one fast-axis period corresponding to the sensor;

[0076] In at least one fast-axis period, the amplitude and the phase corresponding to the fast-axis scanning track of the scanning display device are determined based on the parameter information of the signal intensity curve;

[0077] According to the amplitude and the phase, the driving voltage and the phase of the scanning display device or the alignment position of the light source driving signal are adjusted, so that the amplitude and the phase of the scanning display device are consistent with the target amplitude and the target phase of the target track, respectively.

[0078] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the light of the specific waveband is light for display, the optical path element is configured to allow the light for display to transmit and the light of non-display waveband to reflect, and the at least one sensor is located on the reflection light path of the optical path element; or

[0079] The light of the specific waveband is light of non-display waveband, the optical path element is configured to allow the light of non-display waveband to transmit and the light of display waveband to reflect, and the at least one sensor is located on the transmission light path of the optical path element.

[0080] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the signal strength curve parameters include an axis of symmetry, a maximum value, and a minimum value; and determining the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device based on the parameter information of the signal strength curve in at least one fast-axis period includes:

[0081] determining the phase corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device based on any one of the parameter information of the axis of symmetry, the minimum value, or the maximum value of the signal strength curve;

[0082] determining the amplitude corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device based on the phase and the maximum value of the signal strength curve.

[0083] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the number of sensors is at least two, and the parameter information of the signal strength curve includes an intersection of the signal strength curves of the two sensors; and determining the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device based on the parameter information of the signal strength curve in at least one fast-axis period includes:

[0084] determining the intersection of the signal strength curves of the two sensors based on the signal strength curves of the two sensors, and determining whether the midpoint of the two sensors is a balanced position;

[0085] if the midpoint of the two sensors is the balanced position, determining the phase corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device according to the signal strength and time at the intersection, and determining the amplitude corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device based on the phase and the maximum value of the signal strength curve;

[0086] if the midpoint of the two sensors is not the balanced position, determining the amplitude corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device according to the phase and the signal strength and time at the intersection, and determining the phase corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device based on any one of the parameter information of the axis of symmetry, the minimum value, or the maximum value of the signal strength curve.

[0087] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the controlling the scanning display device to output a test image in the blanking period includes: controlling the scanning device to output light of a non-display waveband at a specific time interval.

[0088] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the specific time interval is greater than the decay time of the response of the sensor to the test image.

[0089] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast-axis scan trajectory of the scanning display device are determined based on the parameter information of the signal strength curve: the parameter information of the signal strength curve is determined based on at least one fast-axis period of the signal strength curve by using any one or more of the data processing methods such as Fourier series fitting, Gaussian fitting, and spline interpolation fitting.

[0090] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the light source includes an image light source and a detection light source, the image light source includes at least a set of R, G, and B light-emitting units, the detection light source includes a light-emitting unit of a non-display waveband, and the sensor is a sensor of a waveband corresponding to the detection light source.

[0091] In some specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the light-emitting unit of the non-display waveband includes an infrared light-emitting unit, and the sensor is an infrared sensor.

[0092] The present application also provides a scanning display device, which includes a scanning unit, a processor, and a computer readable storage medium; the scanning unit includes at least a scanning display device, an optical path element, and at least one sensor, the optical path element is configured to allow light of a specific waveband to transmit and reflect light of other wavebands, and the at least one sensor is located on a transmission light path or a reflection light path of the optical path element; the scanning display device includes a light source and a scanning device, and the scanning device is used to scan the light emitted by the light source.

[0093] The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 43-52.

[0094] In the scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the slow-axis period is divided into an image display period and a blanking period, the display of the image is performed in the image display period, and the scan trajectory of the scanning device is feedback adjusted by using invisible light in the blanking period to avoid the influence of visible light on the feedback adjustment. Further, the data acquisition required for the fast-axis feedback adjustment is completed in one frame, and the efficiency of the feedback adjustment is improved. In addition, the low-frequency interference from the environment can be reduced due to the fast data acquisition speed.

[0095] The present application also provides an optical-mechanical module, which includes a scanning unit and a waveguide, the scanning unit includes a fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer, the lens includes a first mirror group, an optical path turning element, and a second mirror group, and the focal length of the lens is negative.

[0096] The scanning fiber of the fiber scanner is driven to vibrate along a first vibration direction by a driving signal, and the galvanometer is driven to vibrate along a second vibration direction; the light emitted by the scanning fiber passes through the first mirror group to form an intermediate image; the intermediate image passes through the light path turning element and then the second mirror group to form a linear scanning track, and is incident on the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and forms an image under the action of the galvanometer and enters the coupling-in region of the waveguide.

[0097] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application will be realized and attained by means of the structures and / or processes particularly pointed out in the description and claims hereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0098] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0099] Fig. 1-1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of laser scanning technology;

[0100] Fig. 1-2 is a schematic diagram of a laser scanning device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] Fig. 1-3 is a schematic diagram of a laser scanning device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] Fig. 1-4 is a schematic diagram of an actuator installation in a laser scanning device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] Fig. 1-5 is a schematic diagram of a magnet structure in a laser scanning device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] Fig. 1-6 is a complete product diagram of a laser scanning device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] Fig. 1-7 is a schematic diagram of optical imaging when a lens is placed behind a galvanometer assembly;

[0106] Fig. 1-8 is a schematic diagram of the entire object surface distribution when designing an entire lens when a lens is placed behind a galvanometer assembly;

[0107] Fig. 1-9 is a schematic diagram of light field design when a lens is placed between a galvanometer assembly and a fiber light emitting end surface;

[0108] Fig. 1-10 is a schematic diagram of a galvanometer optical path;

[0109] Fig. 1-11 is a schematic diagram of preferred embodiment parameter derivation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] Figures 1-12 are schematic block diagrams of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0111] Figure 2-1 is a schematic diagram of the optical-mechanical module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0112] Figure 2-2 is a schematic diagram of the scanning unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0113] Figures 2-3 are schematic diagrams of the near-eye display device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0114] Figures 2-4 are schematic diagrams of the galvanometer and waveguide provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0115] Figure 2-5 is a schematic diagram of another state of the galvanometer and waveguide provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0116] Figures 2-6A and 2-6B are optical path diagrams of the optomechanical modules from different perspectives provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0117] Figure 2-7 is a schematic diagram of the coupling region of the waveguide based on the optomechanical module shown in Figures 6A and 6B;

[0118] Figures 2-8A and 2-8B are optical path diagrams of the optomechanical modules from different perspectives provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0119] Figure 2-9 is a schematic diagram of the coupling region of the waveguide based on the optomechanical module shown in Figures 2-88A and 2-8B;

[0120] Figure 3-1 is a schematic diagram of the optical-mechanical module provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0121] Figure 3-2 is a schematic diagram of the near-eye display device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0122] Figure 3-3A is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optomechanical module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0123] Figure 3-3B is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optomechanical module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0124] Figures 3-4 are schematic diagrams of the waveguide structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0125] Figures 3-5 are schematic diagrams of a focalless optical element applied to an optomechanical module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0126] Figures 3-6 are schematic diagrams of another afocal optical element applied to an optomechanical module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0127] Figure 3-7 is a schematic diagram of another afocal optical element provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0128] FIG. 4-1 is a schematic diagram of an optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0129] FIG. 4-2A is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present application along a Y1 axis reverse direction view angle;

[0130] FIG. 4-2B is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present application along an X1 axis direction view angle;

[0131] FIG. 4-3A is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present application along a Y1 axis reverse direction view angle;

[0132] FIG. 4-3B is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present application along an X1 axis reverse direction view angle;

[0133] FIG. 4-4 is an exemplary flowchart of an optical engine adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0134] FIG. 4-5 is a distribution diagram of a center view angle light ray and a scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0135] FIG. 4-6 is a rotation diagram of an optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0136] FIG. 4-7 is a rotation diagram of an optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0137] FIG. 4-8A is an exemplary optical path diagram of an optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0138] FIG. 4-8B is an exemplary optical path diagram of an optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application along another view angle;

[0139] FIG. 4-9 is an optical effect diagram of an optical engine adjusted based on a preset rotation angle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0140] FIG. 4-10 is an optical effect diagram of an optical engine adjusted based on a rotation angle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0141] FIG. 4-11A is an exemplary optical path diagram of another optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0142] FIG. 4-11B is an exemplary optical path diagram of an optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application along another view angle;

[0143] FIG. 4-12 is an exemplary rotation diagram of an optical engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0144] FIG. 4-13 is a light-out effect diagram of the light engine module adjusted based on a preset rotation angle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0145] FIG. 4-14 is a light-out effect diagram of the light engine module adjusted based on a rotation angle according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0146] FIG. 5-1 is a schematic diagram of a light engine module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0147] FIG. 5-2A is a structural schematic diagram of a glasses body according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0148] FIG. 5-2B is a structural schematic diagram of the glasses body from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0149] FIG. 5-3A is a central field of view diagram provided by a near-eye display device for a user in a wearing state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0150] FIG. 5-3B is a central field of view diagram provided by a near-eye display device for a user in a wearing state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0151] FIG. 5-4A is a distribution diagram of a scanning unit in a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0152] FIG. 5-4B is a distribution diagram of a scanning unit in a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0153] FIG. 5-5 is a projection effect diagram of different scanning units in a same waveguide according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0154] FIG. 5-6 is a distribution diagram of a scanning unit in a temple according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0155] FIG. 5-7 is a distribution diagram of a scanning unit in a frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0156] FIG. 5-8A is a light path schematic diagram of a light engine module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0157] FIG. 5-8B is a light path schematic diagram of another perspective of a light engine module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0158] FIG. 5-9A is a light path schematic diagram of another light engine module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0159] FIG. 5-9B is a light path schematic diagram of another perspective of another light engine module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0160] FIG. 5-10A is a light path schematic diagram of another light engine module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0161] FIG. 5-10B is a light path diagram of another optical-mechanical module according to an embodiment of the present application, from another perspective;

[0162] FIG. 5-11 is a structural diagram of a scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0163] FIG. 5-12 is a projection effect diagram based on the scanning unit shown in FIG. 5-11;

[0164] FIG. 5-13 is a structural diagram of another scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0165] FIG. 5-14 is a projection effect diagram based on the scanning unit shown in FIG. 5-13;

[0166] FIG. 5-15 is a structural diagram of another scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0167] FIG. 5-16 is a projection effect diagram based on the scanning unit shown in FIG. 5-15, installed on a horizontal side frame of a mirror frame;

[0168] FIG. 5-17 is a projection effect diagram based on the scanning unit shown in FIG. 5-15, installed on a vertical side frame of a mirror frame;

[0169] FIG. 5-18 is a structural diagram of another scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0170] FIG. 5-19 is a projection effect diagram based on the scanning unit shown in FIG. 5-18, installed on a horizontal side frame of a mirror frame;

[0171] FIG. 5-20 is a projection effect diagram based on the scanning unit shown in FIG. 5-19, installed on a vertical side frame of a mirror frame;

[0172] FIG. 6-1 is a structural diagram of a scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0173] FIG. 6-2 is a structural diagram of another scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0174] FIG. 6-3 is an exemplary flowchart of a fast-axis feedback adjustment method of a scanning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0175] FIG. 6-4 is a diagram reflecting a symmetry axis of a signal intensity curve according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0176] FIG. 6-5 is a diagram reflecting a minimum value of a signal intensity curve according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0177] FIG. 6-6 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a fast-axis feedback adjustment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0178] FIG. 6-7 is a schematic diagram reflecting the extreme value of the signal intensity curve according to an embodiment of the present specification;

[0179] FIG. 6-8 is a signal intensity curve diagram of two sensors according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0180] FIG. 6-9 is a time-domain signal diagram of the response of the sensor to the test image corresponding to the light spot according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0181] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the optical mechanical module according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0182] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related application, and not to limit the application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the sake of description, only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings.

[0183] The component numbers used in different embodiments of the present application are only exemplary, and the numbering systems of different embodiments are independent of each other, and should not be confused or interpreted as a restrictive explanation.

[0184] Laser scanning device

[0185] An embodiment of the present application provides a laser scanning device, and FIG. 1-1 is a schematic diagram of the laser scanning device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0186] The component names, numbers (such as galvanometer 2-101, etc.) and direction definitions appearing in the present embodiment are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present embodiment in conjunction with the drawings, and do not represent limitations on the same-named or similar components and directions in other embodiments. In different embodiments, the same name or similar number may represent devices with different structures, parameters or functions. In different embodiments, the same-named direction may represent different meanings.

[0187] Please refer to FIG. 1-1, which is a schematic diagram of the laser scanning device. As shown in FIG. 1-1, the laser scanning device can realize high-speed spatial modulation and accurate positioning of the light beam through the optical fiber scanning device and the galvanometer.

[0188] Among them, the optical fiber scanning device usually includes an optical fiber actuator and an optical fiber.

[0189] The optical fiber actuator is usually made of piezoelectric material, which uses the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material to generate mechanical deformation by applying a voltage, so as to drive the optical fiber to realize high-speed scanning. In the embodiments of the present application, the high-speed scanning of the optical fiber driven by the optical fiber actuator is one-dimensional, that is, high-frequency reciprocating scanning in a certain direction. Generally, the one-dimensional high-frequency scanning can reach a scanning frequency of kHz level. Of course, in some embodiments, the optical fiber actuator can also drive the optical fiber to realize two-dimensional scanning, that is, scanning in two directions, so as to realize various scanning modes such as grid scanning (or called optical grating scanning), Lissajous scanning or spiral scanning. The optical fiber actuator made of piezoelectric material can also be called a piezoelectric actuator.

[0190] As a flexible transmission and mode control laser conduction medium, the optical fiber usually adopts a cantilever structure, one end of the optical fiber is fixed on the optical fiber actuator, and the other end is used as a light output end for scanning. The scanning mode can be realized by controlling the vibration frequency and phase of the optical fiber actuator, such as Lissajous scanning, grid scanning, etc.

[0191] In actual application, the optical fiber scanning device scans while an external light source (usually a laser light source) couples a laser beam into the optical fiber and conducts and outputs the laser beam through the optical fiber. The optical fiber outputs the laser beam while scanning to realize scanning imaging.

[0192] The galvanometer is a key actuator for beam deflection, which realizes spatial deflection of the laser beam by changing the angle of the reflecting mirror. It can be divided into single-axis (line scanning) and double-axis (plane scanning). In the embodiments of the present application, the galvanometer can adopt different actuation forms, and common types can include electromagnetic type (voice coil motor), piezoelectric type (ceramic actuator) and electrostatic type (micro actuator), etc. The galvanometer actuator can drive the reflecting mirror to realize physical deflection. In the embodiments of the present application, the galvanometer performs one-dimensional deflection when working, and the deflection frequency (scanning frequency of the galvanometer) is much lower than the scanning frequency of the optical fiber in the optical fiber scanning device. Of course, in some embodiments, the galvanometer can perform two-dimensional deflection (i.e., two-dimensional scanning), and the scanning mode can also be, for example, grid scanning (or called optical grating scanning), Lissajous scanning or spiral scanning. The specific mode will be determined according to the needs of actual application, and is not limited here.

[0193] The laser scanning device 1-1 includes an optical fiber 1-11, an optical fiber actuator 1-12 and a galvanometer 1-13. The optical fiber 1-11 is used to transmit the laser beam required for projection, the optical fiber actuator 1-12 drives the optical fiber 1-11 to scan in a scanning plane, and the laser beam transmitted by the optical fiber 1-11 is reflected to the galvanometer 1-13 (the galvanometer can also be referred to as a scanning mirror), which can scan around a first axis and reflect the laser beam to a predetermined area to form a projection image. That is, the scanning direction of the galvanometer 1-13 is perpendicular to the scanning direction of the optical fiber 1-11. As shown in FIG. 1-1, the scanning plane in which the optical fiber 1-11 scans is the paper surface, and the first axis around which the galvanometer 1-13 reciprocally rotates is in the paper surface, and the galvanometer 1-13 scans in and out of the paper surface.

[0194] The optical fiber actuator 1-12 can be a piezoelectric actuator, which can be placed in a base. Generally, the optical fiber 1-11 can be cantilevered mounted on the surface of the optical fiber actuator 1-12, that is, the light-emitting end 1-112 of the optical fiber 1-11 is suspended outside the actuator, and the light-receiving end 111 can be coupled with a laser emitting end to receive a laser beam. The driving circuit of the actuator 1-12 provides a driving signal for the actuator 1-12, so that the actuator can vibrate at a set working frequency, and further drive the optical fiber to vibrate and scan in a plane.

[0195] The galvanometer 1-13 can be a MEMS-driven galvanometer, which includes a reflecting mirror that can reciprocally vibrate around an axis at a set frequency under external driving. The reflecting mirror can be connected to the rotating shaft in different ways, such as being placed in a frame with a rotating shaft, or being rotatably sleeved on a rotating shaft. The galvanometer 1-13 and the optical fiber actuator 1-12 can share a unified external circuit, and the external driving circuit provides different driving signals so that the two have different working frequencies.

[0196] The laser beam projected by the optical fiber 1-11 can always be monochromatic light to realize a monochromatic projection image. Alternatively, according to the image information to be displayed, a time division multiplexing method can be used to change the light intensity and color of the laser beam projected by the optical fiber 1-11 in different time periods, so that the laser beam projected by the optical fiber 1-11 conforms to the color and light intensity of the laser at the position of a projection point at a certain moment. Alternatively, another method for color projection is to use an RGB single-mode optical fiber, and directly project a light beam that has been mixed by an RGB light source for each pixel point information. After the light beam is reflected by the galvanometer 1-2, the optical path can be adjusted to form an image on the imaging surface that needs to be projected.

[0197] When the light beam is emitted from the light exit end 1-112 of the optical fiber 1-11, it is inevitably disturbed, therefore, in order to improve the quality of the image, an optical component, such as a lens, can be arranged in the light path, so that the light beam emitted from the light exit end 1-112 of the optical fiber can be trimmed and adjusted, at the same time, it is necessary to meet the requirements of miniaturization of the application product by reducing the size and volume of the entire laser scanning device as much as possible without affecting the quality of the image.

[0198] Please refer to FIG. 1-2, which is a schematic diagram of a laser scanning device provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the device comprises an optical fiber actuator 1-22, a lens 1-23 and a galvanometer assembly 1-24: the optical fiber actuator 1-22 is connected to the optical fiber 1-21 and drives the optical fiber 1-21 to vibrate and scan in a scanning plane (fast axis plane) at a first working frequency under the driving of an external signal, and an external laser beam is emitted into the lens 1-23 through the optical fiber, and the lens 1-23 is located at a predetermined position between the galvanometer assembly 1-24 and the light exit end 1-212 of the optical fiber 1-21.

[0199] The galvanometer assembly 1-24 has a reflecting mirror 1-241 with an inclination angle, which can rotate and vibrate around the axis of the scanning plane (slow axis) or parallel to the axis of the scanning plane at a second working frequency under the driving of an external signal, and reflects the light emitted from the lens to a predetermined area to form an image. The scanning trajectory of the optical fiber actuator and the scanning trajectory of the galvanometer assembly correspond to the rows and columns on the image, respectively.

[0200] The lens 1-23 is located between the optical fiber actuator 1-22 and the galvanometer assembly 1-24, at least one light entrance surface of the lens 1-23 faces the light exit end 1-212 of the optical fiber 1-21, and the light exit surface of the lens 1-23 faces the reflecting mirror 1-241. The positional relationship between the lens 1-23 and the optical fiber 1-21 and the galvanometer assembly 1-24 is determined by the inclination angle, the characteristic parameters of the lens 1-23 and the size of the reflecting mirror 1-241.

[0201] The positional relationship between the lens and the galvanometer is determined by the inclination angle, the characteristic parameters of the lens, the parameters of the optical fiber and the size of the reflecting mirror.

[0202] The laser scanning device provided by the above embodiment can realize fast-axis and slow-axis vibration decoupling, the fiber fast-axis drive can be directly driven at the resonance frequency, without the need to design a complex matching relationship of the fiber characteristic frequency, the actuator characteristic frequency and the driving frequency, avoid nonlinearity, realize fast-axis scanning through extremely low driving voltage, greatly increase the device parameter robustness, and greatly reduce the production and processing requirements. In addition, when the fiber actuator adopts a piezoelectric method to realize one-dimensional high-frequency scanning, the vibration inertia of the high-frequency vibration component is extremely low, compared with the MEMS high-frequency galvanometer, the processing technology requirements and the driving power consumption can be reduced, and the fatigue resistance characteristics can be improved.

[0203] In an optional embodiment, the laser scanning device provided by the embodiment of the application can further include a microcircuit to provide a driving signal of the fiber actuator 1-22, and can also simultaneously provide a driving signal of the galvanometer assembly 1-24 through a different adjustment unit, so that the working frequency of the fiber actuator 1-22 is much higher than the working frequency of the galvanometer assembly 1-24, with a difference of orders of magnitude.

[0204] In an optional embodiment, the fiber actuator 1-22 in the laser scanning device provided by the embodiment of the application can be a piezoelectric actuator composed of a double wafer, which provides vibration power to the connected fiber by double wafer vibration. The fiber actuator 1-22 can be mounted on a base made of a heating material such as alumina ceramic, as shown in FIG. 1-4, so that when the external environment temperature changes, the base heating compensates for temperature drift.

[0205] In an optional embodiment, the fiber 1-21 can be fixed to the surface of the fiber actuator 1-22 by a cantilever, and the light emitting end 1-212 of the fiber 1-21 has a set distance from the tail (i.e. free end) of the fiber actuator 1-22, so that the part where the light emitting end 1-212 of the fiber 1-21 is located can vibrate along the scanning plane to form a directional light scanning. The fiber can be cylindrical, and the light emitting end 1-212 thereof can be cylindrical or conical, which is not limited by the application.

[0206] Please refer to Fig. 1-2, Fig. 1-3 and Fig. 1-5, the galvanometer assembly 1-24 in the embodiment of the present application can include a coil, a magnet, a flexible hinge and a reflecting mirror, wherein the coil can receive an external signal for driving, and generate a magnetic force after being energized, further drive the magnet, the magnet drive the flexible hinge connected therewith, and further drive the reflecting mirror connected with the hinge to present a periodic reciprocating rotation around an axis. The magnet can be a permanent magnet, and can be a group or two groups of permanent magnets arranged side by side. When the magnet includes two groups of permanent magnets arranged side by side, a greater deflection force can be generated under the same magnetic field strength of the coil, and at this time, the adjacent positions of the two groups of permanent magnets arranged side by side have opposite polarities. Preferably, the first-order rotational vibration resonance frequency of the galvanometer assembly 1-24 is greater than 200 Hz and less than 2000 Hz, so as to ensure the stability of the picture and keep the driving current at a low level.

[0207] In an embodiment, the reflecting mirror has an inclination angle, so that a 90-degree turning of light can be realized, so as to more adapt to the flexible installation requirements in AR glasses and the like. The reflecting mirror can be long strip-shaped (for example, rectangular, elliptical or the like), and the size thereof is slightly larger than the track of the fast-axis irradiation on the mirror. Since the galvanometer assembly only needs to reflect the one-dimensional track of the fast-axis, the width of the reflecting mirror can be reduced to only slightly larger than the diameter of the light spot, thereby playing a role in reducing the width of the mirror, and reducing the product volume compared with the embodiment of reflecting a two-dimensional track. Since the light irradiation on the reflecting mirror is a linear scanning track, the problem of high energy density and easy ablation caused by focusing and irradiation of the laser light spot is solved.

[0208] In a possible embodiment, the reflecting mirror 1-241 is a reflecting filter, and in this embodiment, part of the light irradiated on the reflecting mirror 1-241 after imaging by the lens can be transmitted through the reflecting mirror 1-241, and when a photoelectric sensor is arranged at the rear of the galvanometer assembly 1-241, the photoelectric sensor can realize closed-loop control of the fast-axis vibration through the sensed light.

[0209] In the foregoing embodiments, a lens 1-23 is arranged at a predetermined position between the light end 1-212 of the optical fiber 1-21 and the galvanometer assembly 1-24, and the lens has an incident surface and an exit surface. In order to ensure that the imaging quality is not affected and the overall size of the product is as small as possible, in an embodiment of the present application, the positional relationship between the lens, the optical fiber and the galvanometer is determined by the inclination angle, the characteristic parameters of the lens and the size of the reflecting mirror. Specifically, when the reflecting mirror is rectangular, the size of the reflecting mirror includes the height of the rectangle, the width of the rectangle and the like; when the reflecting mirror is elliptical, the size of the reflecting mirror includes the major axis of the ellipse, the minor axis of the ellipse and the like; and in the embodiment of the present application, the reflecting mirror is taken as an example for description.

[0210] Figure 1-6 shows the final assembly diagram of the scanner. After the laser is coupled into the optical fiber, it is sent to the lens via one-dimensional vibration scanning of the optical fiber. The lens sends the one-dimensional laser trajectory of the image to the galvanometer, and after reflection by the galvanometer, the image can be emitted from the side window (the window on the protruding part of the inclined part on the right side of Figure 1-6).

[0211] In this embodiment, the lens parameters include focal length f, object-side numerical aperture NA, object height h, and the tilt angle of the reflecting mirror is set to θ. In one embodiment, the positional relationship between the lens, the optical fiber, and the galvanometer includes the entrance pupil position of the reflecting mirror and the optical distance l between the reflecting mirror and the reflecting mirror. More specifically, the entrance pupil position of the reflecting mirror and the optical distance l between the reflecting mirror and the reflecting mirror are the optical distance between the entrance pupil position of the reflecting mirror and the center point of the reflecting mirror. The entrance pupil position of the reflecting mirror of the galvanometer assembly is the position where the field rays of the trajectory formed by the optical fiber after scanning intersect in space after passing through the lens. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-10, the tilt angle θ of the reflecting mirror can generally be understood as the tilt angle between the galvanometer assembly and the scanning plane. The tilt angle θ does not change with the rotation and vibration of the reflecting mirror.

[0212] [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens and the optical distance l of the reflecting lens are obtained as follows:

[0213] [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The lens parameters also include a lateral imaging field of view α and a longitudinal imaging field of view β. It is assumed that the optical distance between the entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens and the reflecting lens is l; the relationship between the width W of the reflecting lens and the optical distance l is:

[0214] [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The relationship between the height H of the reflecting mirror and the tilt angle is as follows:

[0215] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Further, assuming the distance between the fiber oscillation initiation point and the fiber emitting end face is r, the distance l′ between the entrance pupil position of the reflecting mirror and the image-side principal plane of the lens is:

[0216] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The distance between the reflecting mirror 241 of the galvanometer assembly 24 and the image-side principal plane of the lens is L. The distance between the entrance pupil position of the reflecting mirror and the image-side principal plane of the lens is l′. When the entrance pupil position is behind the galvanometer along the direction of light propagation, l is a negative value; when the entrance pupil position is in front of the galvanometer along the direction of light propagation, l is a positive value. The relationship between L, l′, and l is:

[0217] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] L=l+l′

[0218] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Further, the relationship between L, lens parameters, reflecting mirror size, and lateral field of view α is as follows: [0218.1][Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Further, as shown in Figures 1-10, assuming the shape of the galvanometer assembly is rectangular, the distance between the galvanometer reflecting lens 1-241 and the image-side principal plane of the lens is L, and the distance between the image-side principal plane of the lens and the last surface of the lens is l. H The last surface of the lens, which is also the last light-emitting surface of the lens, L and l H satisfy:

[0219] Among them, H m H is the length of the galvanometer. l It refers to the height of the lens. It should be noted that the height of the lens refers to the physical height of the lens element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens.

[0220] [Amended according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] The width W of the galvanometer m It can be represented as:

[0221] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] Based on the design requirements of assembly size, power consumption, and reliability, the galvanometer size area A is less than 20mm². 2 As mentioned above, l is the optical distance between the entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens and the reflecting lens. The absolute value of the optical distance l is related to the area A of the reflecting lens, the height H of the reflecting lens, the tilt angle θ of the reflecting lens, and the lateral field of view α as shown in the following formula. At this time, the maximum value of the optical distance l can be obtained.

[0222] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the galvanometer assembly is subject to the following constraints, such as good imaging quality, light energy utilization, and reasonable structural arrangement.

[0223] As a whole system, the laser scanning device needs to have a reasonable structural layout to ensure good imaging quality and light energy utilization. It needs to meet the following requirements:

[0224] 1. The numerical aperture (NA) of optical fiber is typically greater than 0.16.

[0225] 2. If the lateral field of view α is less than 60 degrees and the object size h is generally greater than 0.6 mm, then the lens focal length f is generally greater than 0.52 mm.

[0226] 3. The tilt angle θ is generally between 30 degrees and 60 degrees.

[0227] At the minimum focal length and maximum tilt angle, the height H of the reflecting mirror is the minimum. Therefore, the corresponding height H of the reflecting mirror needs to be greater than 0.195mm, and the width W of the reflecting mirror needs to be less than 102.5mm. However, due to structural limitations, preferably, W is less than 15mm. When the width W of the reflecting mirror is greater than H*sin(θ), the width W of the reflecting mirror is greater than 0.168mm.

[0228] Similarly, it can be deduced that the height H of the reflecting mirror is less than... When the tilt angle θ is 30 degrees, the maximum height H of the reflecting mirror is 6.32 mm; when the tilt angle θ is 60 degrees, the maximum height H is 4.805 mm. Based on the numerical aperture of the fiber optic output, the maximum focal length f of the lens is calculated to be 9.875 mm when the tilt angle is 30 degrees and 12.84 mm when the tilt angle is 60 degrees. At a tilt angle of 60 degrees, the minimum lateral field of view α is 3.57 degrees.

[0229] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] From the previous form

[0230] [As per Rule 26, amended 14.02.2026], it can be seen that when the reflective lens height H is at its minimum and the lateral field of view α is small, the optical distance l between the entrance pupil position and the reflective lens can reach its maximum value. Based on the above analysis, since a smaller focal length f can decrease the reflective lens height H, it will increase the lateral field of view α. Therefore, for the same object size, the reflective lens height H and the lateral field of view α cannot simultaneously reach their minimum values. The above formula can be transformed into a relationship between the object size h and the focal length f:

[0231] As shown in Figure 1-11, calculations reveal that the maximum optical distance *l* between the entrance pupil position and the reflecting lens is 82 mm. In other words, in the preferred embodiment of this application, the optical distance *l* between the entrance pupil position and the reflecting lens is less than or equal to 82 mm. When this condition is met, the overall size of the laser scanning device can be kept to a minimum without affecting the imaging quality of the lens.

[0232] The following calculation, based on a set of parameters that satisfy the above constraints, estimates the range of distances from the entrance pupil of the galvanometer in the above structure to the last surface of the lens.

[0233] Based on the calculation logic in the previous embodiment, it can be known from the above structure that the distance between the entrance pupil of the galvanometer and the last surface of the lens is in the range of [1.5-1.7869, 1.5+1.7869].

[0234] In another embodiment, the lens can also be positioned between the light-emitting direction of the reflecting mirror and the projection area. However, placing the lens behind the galvanometer presents the following problems:

[0235] As shown in Figure 1-7, for a hybrid scanning system using fiber optics and a galvanometer, the overlap positions of the emitted light from each field of view in the x and y directions are inconsistent. The x-direction, which is the fiber scanning direction, approximately overlaps with the fiber optic starting point; the y-direction overlaps with the galvanometer scanning direction. The entire system can be equivalently represented by the optical imaging system shown in Figure 1-9.

[0236] If the lens is placed at the back of the optical fiber and the galvanometer, the following problems will arise.

[0237] In the lens design process, the choice of aperture stop is unconventional. If a single aperture stop is used, it will be an irregularly shaped stop, which will inevitably have a very small F-number (aperture number) in a certain direction. However, for a single field of view, the output value of the aperture is the same in both directions, so the design result is difficult to accurately assess the actual situation. If a double aperture stop is used, the difference between the design result and actual use can be solved. However, in either case, the entire optical system is a non-rotationally symmetric system, which makes the design extremely difficult.

[0238] As shown in Figure 1-8, the galvanometer reflection position and the fiber optic oscillation position are located on both sides of the object surface, resulting in an irregular object surface. Analyzing the light propagation direction of the entire system, we can conclude that the object surface distribution during lens design is as follows: the object surface in the x and y directions bends in two directions. Therefore, the optical system needs to have opposite field curvatures in the two directions for correction. Global aspherical lenses or aspherical lenses cannot meet this requirement, and cylindrical, double R-plane, or other freeform surfaces need to be used for correction, which will greatly increase the design and assembly difficulty.

[0239] When applied to AR systems, the inconsistency between the entrance pupil positions in two directions leads to significant differences in the exit pupil positions. Since the entrance pupil positions in the two directions are some distance apart, and because the focal length of imaging lenses is generally small, the exit pupil positions in the two directions may deviate considerably. When coupled into a waveguide, the coupling region needs to be expanded in one direction. The increased coupling size has a significant impact on the light transmission path and light energy utilization of the waveguide.

[0240] In the preceding embodiments, if the lens is placed between the galvanometer assembly and the fiber optic output end face, the imaging lens only needs to consider imaging in the X-axis, thus avoiding the aforementioned three problems. During lens design, only X-axis imaging needs to be considered; therefore, its aperture stop can be circular, and the F-number can be matched with the numerical aperture of the fiber optic output, ensuring the design's reliability. Because only imaging of the object on the x-axis is required, it can be designed as a rotationally symmetric optical system.

[0241] Treating it as a rotationally symmetric optical system requires that the field curvature correction of the optical system be consistent across all angles, greatly reducing the design and assembly complexity. Since the exit pupil in the Y direction is located at the galvanometer vibration position, the exit pupil position in the X direction can be designed to be at or after the galvanometer vibration position with a small distance difference. When coupled into the waveguide, only a small extension in a certain direction is needed, as shown in Figure 1-9.

[0242] This application also provides an electronic device that includes the preceding embodiments. The provided laser scanning device, in one embodiment, can be applied to augmented reality glasses (AR glasses), with the laser projection device disposed within the frame of the AR glasses, allowing the user to conveniently project images for viewing while wearing the glasses. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the laser scanning device can be disposed within the probe of an endoscope, using the endoscope to emit and collect optical signals into a confined space. Alternatively, the laser projection system can be a mobile phone, with the laser projection device embedded within it. Alternatively, the laser projection system can be a watch, with the laser projection device embedded within the watch face or strap.

[0243] The solutions in this application can be applied to electronic devices, including but not limited to electronic devices with data processing capabilities.

[0244] Referring to Figures 1-13, a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to another embodiment of this application is shown. The specific embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation of the electronic device. The electronic device may be an endoscope, augmented reality glasses, an endoscope, a vehicle-mounted device, etc.

[0245] As shown in Figures 1-13, the electronic device may include: a processor 1-402, a communication interface 1-404, a memory 1-406 storing programs 1-410, and a communication bus 1-408, and may also include any embodiment of the laser scanning device provided in the preceding embodiments of this application.

[0246] The processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via a communication bus. The communication interface is used to communicate with other electronic devices or servers. The processor executes programs, specifically the steps described in the method embodiments above. Specifically, the program may include program code, which includes computer operation instructions.

[0247] The processor may be a CPU, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application. The one or more processors included in the smart device may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or they may be processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0248] Memory is used to store programs. Memory may include high-speed RAM, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk drive.

[0249] The above mainly describes the composition and working principle of the laser scanning device. To provide a clearer description of the laser scanning device, the following will provide illustrative examples of its application in specific scenarios (especially near-eye display devices). Please refer to Figures 2-1 to 6-2 and their related descriptions.

[0250] Optomechanical module solution 1

[0251] This application also provides an optical-mechanical module. Figure 2-1 is a schematic diagram of the optical-mechanical module provided in this application.

[0252] The component names and numbers (such as galvanometers 2-13) and direction definitions appearing in this embodiment are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution of this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and do not represent a limitation on components with the same name or similar orientations in other embodiments. In different embodiments, the same name or similar number may represent devices with different structures, parameters, or functions. In different embodiments, the same named orientation may represent different meanings.

[0253] Referring to Figure 2-1, the optomechanical module 2-100 may include a scanning unit (also referred to as the laser scanning device in the embodiment shown in Figure 1-1) and a waveguide 2-14. The scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner 2-11, a lens 2-12, and a galvanometer 2-13 (referred to as the galvanometer assembly in the embodiment shown in Figure 1-1). The fiber optic scanner 2-13 mainly includes a fiber optic actuator 2-111 and a scanning fiber 2-112.

[0254] The optical fiber actuator 2-111 can be a piezoelectric actuator, which can be placed in a base. The scanning optical fiber 2-112 can be cantilevered mounted on the surface of the optical fiber actuator 2-111, that is, the light emitting end of the scanning optical fiber 2-112 is suspended outside the optical fiber actuator 2-111, and the light receiving end can be coupled with the laser emitting end to receive the laser beam. The driving circuit of the optical fiber actuator 2-111 provides a driving signal for the optical fiber actuator, so that the optical fiber actuator 2-111 can vibrate at a set operating frequency, further driving the scanning optical fiber 2-112 to vibrate and scan in a plane (for example, the XZ plane shown in FIG. 2-1).

[0255] The scanning optical fiber 2-112, as a flexible transmission and mode control laser transmission medium, is usually cantilevered. One end of the scanning optical fiber 2-112 is fixed on the optical fiber actuator 2-111, and the other end is used as a light emitting end for scanning. The scanning mode can be realized by controlling the vibration frequency and phase of the optical fiber actuator 2-111.

[0256] The laser beam projected by the scanning optical fiber 2-112 can always be monochromatic light to realize monochromatic projection image. According to the image information to be displayed, the light intensity and color of the laser beam projected by the scanning optical fiber can be changed in time periods using time division multiplexing method, so that the laser beam projected by the scanning optical fiber 2-112 conforms to the laser color and light intensity at a certain projection point position at a certain moment. Alternatively, another method of color projection is to use RGB single-mode optical fiber to directly project the light beam mixed by the RGB light source on each pixel point information. When the light beam is emitted from the light emitting end of the scanning optical fiber 2-112, interference and divergence are inevitable, which affects the imaging quality.

[0257] When the light beam is emitted from the light emitting end of the scanning optical fiber 2-112, it is inevitably interfered. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of imaging, an optical component, such as a lens 2-12, can be arranged on the optical path, so that the light beam emitted from the light emitting end of the scanning optical fiber 2-112 can be trimmed and adjusted. At the same time, it is necessary to meet the requirements of reducing the size and volume of the entire laser scanning device as much as possible without affecting the imaging quality, so as to meet the demand of miniaturization of application products.

[0258] The galvanometer 2-13, as a key actuator for beam deflection, achieves two-dimensional spatial deflection of the laser beam by changing the angle of the reflecting mirror surface. It is classified into two types: single-axis (line scanning) and dual-axis (area scanning). When the beam emitted from the light-emitting surface of lens 2-12 is reflected by the galvanometer, the optical path can be adjusted to form an image on the desired imaging surface. Specifically, based on their working principle, galvanometers can be classified as piezoelectric galvanometers, electromagnetic galvanometers, etc. The galvanometer includes a reflecting mirror. Under external drive, the reflecting mirror can reciprocate around an axis parallel to the X direction shown in Figure 1 at a set frequency. The reflecting mirror can be connected to the axis in different ways, for example, placed within a frame with a rotating axis, rotatably fitted onto the axis. The galvanometer and fiber actuator 2-111 can share a unified external circuit, which provides different drive signals, allowing them to have different operating frequencies.

[0259] Referring again to Figure 2-1, the scanning fiber 2-112 of the fiber optic scanner 2-11 vibrates along a first vibration direction (e.g., the X-axis shown in Figure 2-1) under the drive signal, forming a linear scanning trajectory. This trajectory passes through lens 2-12 and enters the reflecting surface of galvanometer 2-13. Mirror 2-13 vibrates along a second vibration direction (e.g., the Y-axis shown in Figure 2-1), forming an image under the action of galvanometer 2-13, which then enters the coupling region 2-141 of waveguide 2-14. In this embodiment, the linear scanning trajectory can generally be understood as a one-dimensional linear image.

[0260] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, the first vibration direction and the second vibration direction are not consistent with the display direction of a traditional scanning display system. Referring to Figure 2-2, ideally, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established with any point on the optomechanical module as the origin. One side of the galvanometer is parallel to the X-axis, so its vibration direction is consistent with the Y-axis. The scanning unit only needs to vibrate parallel to the X-axis. At this time, the direction perpendicular to the paper can be regarded as the first vibration direction (X-axis as shown in Figure 2-2), and the height direction of the fiber optic scanner and lens can be regarded as the second vibration direction (Y-axis as shown in Figure 2-2). To more clearly illustrate the relationship between the first vibration direction, the second vibration direction, the first display direction, and the second display direction, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established here with any point on the waveguide as the origin. Specifically, the length direction of the waveguide (the direction perpendicular to the paper) is the x-axis, the height direction of the waveguide is the y-axis, and the thickness direction of the waveguide is the z-axis. Continuing to refer to Figure 2-2, here the first display direction is the same as the first vibration direction, and the second display direction is the same as the second vibration direction. However, in the design of near-eye display devices, to ensure wearing comfort, the lenses and temples are typically positioned perpendicularly. The specific structure of the eyeglass frame is shown in Figures 2-3. Furthermore, to ensure control over the light output direction of the central field of view in the near-eye display device, the fiber optic scanner of the optomechanical module rotates according to the reflected light path of the lenses. Since there may be a deflection in the light path between the scanning unit and the galvanometer, the optical axis will rotate. When the vibration direction (e.g., the first vibration direction) rotates along one axis of the spatial coordinate system XYZ, it will cause the display direction (e.g., the first display direction) to rotate along the other axis. This results in the first vibration direction and the first display direction not being parallel in space. In practical applications, the rotation is performed spatially according to the reflected light path of the lenses, and the specific rotation angle is determined based on the angle between the temples and the lenses. Further, the first and second display directions remain perpendicular in space, corresponding to the horizontal and vertical axes of the displayed image, respectively.

[0261] Referring to Figures 2-4, to ensure minimal beam separation of the image light reflected by the galvanometer 2-13 when it reaches the coupling region of the waveguide 2-14, thereby improving the coupling efficiency, the galvanometer 2-13 needs to be as close as possible to the waveguide 2-14. Specifically, the angle A between the side of the galvanometer 2-13 closest to the waveguide 2-14 and the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14 should not be too large. Specifically, the angle A between the side of the galvanometer 2-13 closest to the waveguide 2-14 and the side surface of the waveguide 2-14 should not exceed 20 degrees, and the projection of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-13 onto the waveguide 2-14 should at least partially overlap with the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14. Preferably, the angle A between the side of the galvanometer 2-13 closest to the waveguide 2-14 and the side surface of the waveguide 2-14 should not exceed 10 degrees. Referring to Figures 2-5, more preferably, the side of the galvanometer 2-13 near the waveguide 2-14 abuts against the side of the waveguide 2-14.

[0262] Figures 2-6A and 2-6B are schematic diagrams of an optomechanical module provided in an embodiment of this specification. Referring to Figure 2-6A, the light convergence point (i.e., the exit pupil position) at the light-emitting end of the scanning unit should be close to the coupling region 141 of the waveguide 2-14, and the light spot at the light convergence point should coincide with the coupling region of the waveguide as much as possible. Thus, the light convergence point of the scanning unit needs to be located at the galvanometer or between the galvanometer and the coupling region of the waveguide, so that the light spot emitted by the scanning unit can enter the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14 as much as possible, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of the emitted beam of the scanning unit entering the coupling region 2-141. Referring to Figure 2-6B, the exit pupil position of the scanning unit in the second display direction needs to be located at the galvanometer 2-13. Specifically, the distance between the light convergence point of the scanning unit in the first display direction and the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14 is within 2 mm; the light convergence point of the scanning unit in the second display direction is located at the galvanometer 2-13. Preferably, the distance between the scanning unit at the light convergence point in the first display direction and the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14 is within 1 mm.

[0263] In the optomechanical module provided in the embodiments of this specification, by limiting the scanning unit to the coupling region of the waveguide at the light convergence point in the first display direction and to the galvanometer at the light convergence point in the second display direction, the light spot at the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module is matched with the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14, thereby ensuring that the beam size of the entire field of view is minimized when the light spot enters the coupling region, and improving the imaging quality of the optomechanical module.

[0264] The coupling region 2-141 of waveguide 2-14 is typically circular to ensure that the area of ​​the coupling region 2-141 is small while still matching the light spot projected by the scanning unit with the coupling region 141. Referring to Figures 2-6A to 2-7, the galvanometer vibrates along the second vibration direction. To ensure that the coupling region 2-141 of waveguide 2-14 matches the diffusion direction of the light spot in the first and second display directions respectively, thereby improving coupling efficiency, and simultaneously allowing for a relatively small size design of the coupling region 2-141, in some embodiments, the coupling region 2-141 is elliptical with its major axis along the second display direction. It should be noted that while an elliptical shape with its major axis along the second display direction is preferred, in other alternative embodiments, the coupling region 2-141 can also be rectangular, trapezoidal, or other shapes, where the length direction of the rectangular or trapezoidal shape is the same as the aforementioned second display direction. Furthermore, when the scanning unit rotates around the optical axis, the elliptical coupling region shown in Figure 2-7 also rotates with the scanning unit.

[0265] In some embodiments, an optical path deflection unit may be provided between the lens and the waveguide of the optomechanical module. This unit changes the direction of the light rays and is located on the light-emitting path of the lens, with its reflective surface parallel to the reflective surface of the galvanometer. Light rays emitted from the lens's light-emitting surface enter the reflective surface of the galvanometer under the influence of the reflective surface of the optical path deflection unit. The galvanometer's reflective surface changes the light path, and simultaneously, the reflective surface vibrates along a second vibration direction. Under this influence, the light rays form a two-dimensional image, and the beam of the two-dimensional image is coupled into the coupling region of the waveguide. As an example only, the optical path deflection unit may include other optical elements used to change the direction of light rays, such as a plane mirror or prism.

[0266] This specification uses a plane mirror as a specific example to illustrate the optical path reversal unit. Referring to Figure 2-6A, a mirror 2-15 can also be provided between the lens and waveguide 2-14 of the optomechanical module. The mirror 2-15 is located on the light output path of the lens, and the reflecting surface of the mirror 2-15 is parallel to the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-13. The light emitted from the light output surface of the lens enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-13 under the action of the reflecting surface of the mirror 2-15. The reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-13 changes the optical path of the light. At the same time, the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-14 vibrates along the second vibration direction. Under this action, the light forms a two-dimensional image, and the beam of the two-dimensional image is coupled into the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14.

[0267] Galvanometer 2-13 needs to receive light from mirror 2-15 and simultaneously project that light onto the coupling region 2-141 of waveguide 2-14. Therefore, the angle between the reflecting surface of galvanometer 2-13 and the plane containing coupling region 2-141 affects the coupling efficiency of the light from the scanning unit to coupling region 2-141. Specifically, when the angle between the reflecting surface of galvanometer 2-13 and the plane containing coupling region 2-141 is too large, the incident light spot size requires a larger mirror size, which is detrimental to the miniaturization design of the optomechanical module. When the angle between the reflecting surface of galvanometer 2-13 and the plane containing coupling region 2-141 is too small, the deflection angles of mirror 2-15 and galvanometer 2-13 are too large, resulting in a more complex light path and a larger optomechanical module size. When this optomechanical module is applied to near-eye display devices, it leads to a large temple size in the height direction, which is also detrimental to the miniaturization design of near-eye display devices. Based on the above-mentioned problems, in the embodiments of this specification, the angle between the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-13 and the surface where the coupling region 2-141 is located ranges from 30 to 60 degrees. This allows the optomechanical module to have a smaller size while ensuring the coupling efficiency of the light emitted from the scanning unit to the coupling region, thereby improving imaging quality.

[0268] In some embodiments, a reflection unit may not be provided between the lens and the galvanometer, and the light emitted from the lens's emitting surface can be directly projected onto the galvanometer's reflecting surface. In this case, the emitting surface of the lens and the reflecting surface of the galvanometer are positioned opposite each other, and the light emitted from the emitting surface of the lens is reflected by the galvanometer's reflecting surface to the coupling region of the waveguide.

[0269] Figures 2-8A and 2-8B are schematic diagrams of another optomechanical module provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0270] The optomechanical modules shown in Figures 2-8A and 2-8B have a generally similar overall structure to those shown in Figures 2-6A and 2-6B. The biggest difference is that the optical axis direction of the fiber scanner and lens in the optomechanical module (the Z2 axis direction shown in Figure 2-8A) is parallel to the second display direction (the y-direction of the arrow shown in Figure 2-8A). Correspondingly, the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is on the light output path of the lens, and the projection of the reflecting surface of galvanometer 2-13 onto the waveguide at least partially overlaps with the coupling region 2-141 of waveguide 2-14. Specifically, the scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along the first vibration direction (X2 axis direction shown in Figure 2-8A) under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. This linear scanning trajectory is directly projected onto the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-13 through the light-emitting surface of the lens. The reflecting surface of the galvanometer 2-13 vibrates along the second vibration direction (Y2 axis direction shown in Figure 2-8A). A two-dimensional image is generated based on the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens. The beam of this two-dimensional image is coupled into the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14.

[0271] Furthermore, the distance between the scanning unit at the light convergence point in the first display direction and the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14 is within 2 mm; the light convergence point of the scanning unit in the second display direction is located at the galvanometer 2-13. Preferably, the distance between the scanning unit at the light convergence point in the first display direction and the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14 is within 1 mm. In the optomechanical module provided in this embodiment, by limiting the scanning unit to be close to the coupling region of the waveguide at the light convergence point in the first display direction and to be located at the galvanometer at the light convergence point in the second display direction, the light spot at the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module matches the coupling region 2-141 of the waveguide 2-14, thereby ensuring that the beam size across the entire field of view is minimized when the light spot enters the coupling region, and improving the imaging quality of the optomechanical module.

[0272] It should be noted that the optomechanical module shown in Figures 2-8A and 2-8B is only a specific example provided by the embodiments of this application. In other embodiments, the optical axis directions of the fiber scanner and lens in the optomechanical module can have an angle with the second display direction. Here, it is sufficient to enable the light at the light-emitting surface of the lens to enter the galvanometer, and the range of the angle is not further limited. Under the premise that the optical axis directions of the fiber scanner and lens in the optomechanical module can have an angle with the second display direction, the first vibration direction and the second vibration direction after rotation also change relative to the first vibration direction and the second vibration direction shown in Figures 2-8A and 2-8B. However, the first vibration direction and the second vibration direction after rotation can still coincide with the first display direction and the second display direction respectively after reverse rotation. Regarding the setting of the galvanometer relative to the waveguide, for example, the angle of the waveguide side relative to the side of the waveguide can be referred to the content corresponding to Figure 2-5 above, and the angle of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer relative to the coupling area of ​​the waveguide can be referred to the content corresponding to Figures 2-6A and 2-6B above, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0273] The coupling region 2-141 of waveguide 2-14 is typically circular to ensure that the area of ​​the coupling region 2-141 is small while still matching the light spot projected by the scanning unit with the coupling region 2-141. Referring to Figures 2-8A to 2-9, the galvanometer vibrates along the second vibration direction. To ensure that the coupling region 141 of waveguide 2-14 can match the diffusion direction of the light spot in the first and second display directions respectively, thereby improving coupling efficiency, and simultaneously allowing the size of the coupling region 2-141 to be designed relatively small, in some embodiments, the coupling region 2-141 is elliptical with its major axis along the second display direction. It should be noted that while an elliptical shape with its major axis along the second display direction is preferred for the coupling region 141, in other alternative embodiments, the coupling region 2-141 can also be rectangular, trapezoidal, or other shapes, where the length direction of the rectangular or trapezoidal shape is the same as the aforementioned second display direction. Furthermore, when the scanning unit rotates around the optical axis, the elliptical coupling region shown in Figure 2-7 also rotates with the scanning unit.

[0274] In another possible implementation, this application also provides a near-eye display device. Referring to Figures 2-3, the near-eye display device includes an eyeglass body and the aforementioned optomechanical module. The eyeglass body includes a frame and temples, a waveguide is located in the frame, and an optical fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer are disposed on the temples or frame.

[0275] Optical-mechanical module solution two

[0276] This application also provides an optical engine module. Figure 3-1 is a schematic diagram of the optical engine module provided in this application.

[0277] The component names and numbers (such as galvanometers 2-13) and direction definitions appearing in this embodiment are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution of this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and do not represent a limitation on components with the same name or similar orientations in other embodiments. In different embodiments, the same name or similar number may represent devices with different structures, parameters, or functions. In different embodiments, the same named orientation may represent different meanings.

[0278] Figure 3-1 is a schematic diagram of the optomechanical module provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 3-1, the optomechanical module 3-100 may include a scanning unit (also referred to as the laser scanning device in the embodiment shown in Figure 1-1) and a waveguide 3-14. The scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner 3-11, a lens 3-12, and a galvanometer 3-13 (also referred to as a galvanometer assembly in the embodiment shown in Figure 1-1). The fiber optic scanner 3-13 mainly includes a fiber optic actuator 3-111 and a scanning fiber 3-112.

[0279] The fiber optic actuator 111 can be a piezoelectric actuator and can be placed inside a base. Typically, the scanning fiber 3-112 can be cantilevered and mounted on the surface of the fiber optic actuator 3-111. That is, the light-emitting end of the scanning fiber 3-112 is suspended outside the fiber optic actuator 3-111, while the light-input end can be coupled to the laser emitter to receive the laser beam. The driving circuit of the fiber optic actuator 3-111 provides the driving signal for the fiber optic actuator, enabling the fiber optic actuator 3-111 to vibrate at a set operating frequency, further driving the scanning fiber 3-112 to vibrate and scan within a plane (for example, the XZ plane shown in Figure 3-1).

[0280] The scanning fiber 3-112, serving as a flexible transmission and mode-controlled laser transmission medium, typically employs a cantilever structure. One end of the scanning fiber 3-112 is fixed to the fiber actuator 3-111, while the other end serves as the light output end for scanning. Its scanning mode can be achieved by controlling the vibration frequency and phase of the fiber actuator 3-111.

[0281] The laser beam projected by scanning fiber 3-112 can always be monochromatic, achieving a monochromatic projected image. Alternatively, time-division multiplexing can be used to change the intensity and color of the laser beam projected by the scanning fiber at different times, according to the image information to be displayed, so that the laser beam projected by scanning fiber 3-112 matches the laser color and intensity at a specific projection point at a specific moment. Another method for color projection is to use RGB single-mode fiber, directly projecting the mixed beam at the RGB light source input for each pixel. However, when the beam exits at the output end of scanning fiber 3-112, interference and divergence are inevitable, affecting image quality.

[0282] When the light beam is emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber 3-112, it is inevitably subject to interference. Therefore, in order to improve the imaging quality, an optical component, such as lens 3-12, can be set in the optical path so that the light beam emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber 3-112 can be adjusted. At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the volume and size of the entire laser scanning device as much as possible without affecting the imaging quality, so as to meet the miniaturization requirements of the application products.

[0283] The galvanometer 3-13, as a key actuator for beam deflection, achieves two-dimensional spatial deflection of the laser beam by changing the angle of the reflecting mirror surface. It is classified into two types: single-axis (line scanning) and dual-axis (area scanning). When the beam emitted from the light-emitting surface of lens 3-12 is reflected by the galvanometer, the optical path can be adjusted to form an image on the desired imaging surface. Specifically, based on their working principle, galvanometers can be classified as piezoelectric galvanometers, electromagnetic galvanometers, etc. The galvanometer includes a reflecting mirror. Under external drive, the reflecting mirror can reciprocate around an axis parallel to the X direction shown in Figure 3-1 at a set frequency. The reflecting mirror can be connected to the axis in different ways, for example, placed within a frame with a rotating axis, rotatably fitted onto the axis. The galvanometer and fiber actuator 3-111 can share a unified external circuit, which provides different drive signals, allowing them to have different operating frequencies.

[0284] Referring again to Figure 3-1, the scanning fiber 3-112 of the fiber optic scanner 3-11 vibrates along the first vibration direction (e.g., the X-axis shown in Figure 3-1) under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through the lens 3-12, it enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 13. The galvanometer 3-13 vibrates along the second vibration direction (e.g., the Y-axis shown in Figure 3-1) and forms an image under the action of the galvanometer 3-13, which enters the coupling region 3-141 of the waveguide 3-14.

[0285] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, the first vibration direction and the second vibration direction are not consistent with the display direction of a traditional scanning display system. Referring to Figure 3-1, ideally, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established with any point of the fiber optic scanner or lens in the optomechanical module as the origin. One side of the galvanometer is parallel to the X-axis, so its vibration direction is consistent with the Y-axis, and the scanning unit only needs to vibrate parallel to the X-axis. At this time, the direction perpendicular to the paper can be regarded as the first vibration direction (X-axis as shown in Figure 3-1), the height direction of the fiber optic scanner and lens can be regarded as the second vibration direction (Y-axis as shown in Figure 3-1), and the optical axis direction of the fiber optic scanner and lens is the Z-axis direction. To more clearly illustrate the relationship between the first vibration direction, the second vibration direction, the first display direction, and the second display direction, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established here with any point on the waveguide as the origin. Specifically, the length direction of the waveguide (the direction perpendicular to the paper) is the X-axis, the height direction of the waveguide is the Y-axis, and the thickness direction of the waveguide is the Z-axis. Referring again to Figure 3-1, the first display direction is the same as the first vibration direction, and the second display direction is the same as the second vibration direction. However, in the design of near-eye display devices, to ensure wearing comfort, the lenses and temples are usually vertically aligned. The specific structure of the eyeglass frame is shown in Figure 2. Furthermore, to ensure control of the light output direction in the central field of view, the fiber optic scanner of the optomechanical module rotates according to the reflected light path of the lenses. Since there may be a turning light path between the scanning unit and the galvanometer, the optical axis will rotate. When the vibration direction (e.g., the first vibration direction) rotates along one axis of the spatial coordinate system XYZ, it will cause the display direction (e.g., the first display direction) to rotate along the other axis. This results in the first vibration direction and the first display direction not being parallel in space. In practical applications, the rotation is performed spatially according to the reflected light path of the lenses, and the specific rotation angle is determined based on the angle between the temples and the lenses. Further, the first and second display directions remain perpendicular in space, corresponding to the horizontal and vertical axes of the displayed image, respectively.

[0286] In waveguide design, a larger coupling region size leads to increased secondary diffraction of the beam entering the coupling region. Therefore, the incident light spots on the waveguide coupling region need to overlap as much as possible, and the coupling region size needs to be sufficiently small while ensuring assembly tolerances. Furthermore, the tolerances of lenses in the optical module and the influence of system assembly precision make it difficult for the exit pupil position of the lens to coincide with the center region of the galvanometer in practical applications. To address these issues, this specification provides an optomechanical module with a focalless optical element. The focalless optical element can adjust the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module so that the exit pupil position is located near the coupling region of the waveguide.

[0287] Figures 3-3A and 3-3B are schematic diagrams of an optomechanical module provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figures 3-3A and 3-3B, the optomechanical module includes a scanning unit, a focal afocal optical element 3-16, and a waveguide 3-14. The scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer 3-13. The shaded areas in Figures 3-3A and 3-3B represent the fiber optic scanner and the lens. The fiber optic scanner and the lens are arranged along the same optical axis. The galvanometer 3-13 is located on the light-emitting path of the lens and is located near the exit pupil of the lens. The scanning fiber of the fiber optic scanner vibrates along a first vibration direction (the X-axis direction shown in Figures 3-3A and 3-3B) to form a linear scanning trajectory. This linear scanning trajectory is emitted through the light-emitting surface of the lens and projected onto the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. The galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction (the Y-axis direction shown in Figures 3-3A and 3-3B). Under the action of the galvanometer, the linear scanning trajectory forms a two-dimensional image. Furthermore, the afocal optical element 3-16 is located on the light-emitting path of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. This afocal optical element 3-16 is used to control the light path deflection and adjust the exit pupil position of the optical module, so that the exit pupil position of the optical module is located near the coupling region 3-141 of the waveguide 3-14. The entrance pupil position and the exit pupil position of the afocal optical element 3-16 are located at its two ends, and the entrance pupil position of the afocal optical element 3-16 is located near the center of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 3-13, while the exit pupil position of the afocal optical element 3-16 is located near the coupling region 3-141 of the waveguide 3-14. It should be noted that "near" here can be understood as within a specific range (e.g., no greater than 2 mm or no greater than 1 mm). For example, the distance between the exit pupil position of the optical module and the coupling region of the waveguide is no greater than 2 mm, the distance between the entrance pupil position of the afocal optical element and the center of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is no greater than 2 mm, and the distance between the exit pupil position of the afocal optical element and the coupling region of the waveguide is no greater than 2 mm. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3-4, this application adjusts the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module by setting a focalless optical element between the waveguide and the galvanometer. The shape of the coupling region 3-141 of the waveguide 3-14 can be circular, which allows the size of the coupling region to be designed to be small while ensuring that the beam size of the entire field of view is minimized when the light spot enters the coupling region, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optomechanical module.

[0288] To provide a clearer description of afocal optical elements, the present application provides the following embodiments for illustration.

[0289] Figure 3-5 is a schematic diagram of a focalless optical element applied to an optomechanical module according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3-5, the optical axes of the fiber scanner and lens are approximately parallel to the waveguide, and the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is located on the light-emitting path of the lens. Further, the focalless optical element 3-16 may include an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, which are arranged along the same optical axis. The objective lens group and the eyepiece lens group are located on the light-emitting path of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. The incident surface of the objective lens group is opposite to the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the emitting surface of the eyepiece lens group is opposite to the coupling region 3-141 of the waveguide 3-14. The image light reflected by the galvanometer 3-13 passes sequentially through the objective lens group and the eyepiece lens group into the coupling region of the waveguide. It should be noted that the near-parallel arrangement of the optical axis of the fiber optic scanner and lens with the waveguide can be understood as meaning that the optical axis of the fiber optic scanner and lens can be parallel to the waveguide, and there can also be a certain angle between them. For example, the angle between the optical axis of the fiber optic scanner and lens and the surface of the waveguide is no greater than 15 degrees.

[0290] It should be noted that the arrangement of the fiber optic scanner and lens relative to the waveguide shown in Figures 3-5 is only an example. When applied to near-eye display devices, the fiber optic scanner and lens can be placed in the frame. However, the placement of the fiber optic scanner and lens relative to the waveguide is not limited to Figures 3-5 and their related descriptions. In other alternative embodiments, the placement of the fiber optic scanner and lens relative to the waveguide can also be adjusted according to the actual application. For example, when considering placing the fiber optic scanner and lens on the temple, the fiber optic scanner and lens are arranged approximately perpendicular to the waveguide, and the structural composition of the afocal optical element will also be changed accordingly. Specifically, in some embodiments, the afocal optical element may include an objective lens group, an eyepiece lens group, and an optical path deflector. The optical path deflector is used to control the reversal of the optical path. Specifically, the optical path deflector is located between the objective lens group and the eyepiece lens group. The image light reflected by the galvanometer passes through the objective lens group and is projected onto the reflecting surface of the mirror for reflection. The reflected image light then enters the eyepiece lens group. In some embodiments, the optical path deflector can be a plane mirror or a prism. This manual uses a plane mirror as an example to illustrate the optical path transition component. Please refer to Figure 3-6 and its related descriptions for details.

[0291] Figure 3-6 is a schematic diagram of another afocal optical element applied to an optomechanical module according to an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 3-6, the afocal optical element 3-16 may include an objective lens group 3-161, an eyepiece lens group 3-162, and a reflecting mirror 3-163, with the reflecting mirror 3-163 located between the objective lens group 3-161 and the eyepiece lens group 3-162. Referring to Figures 3-3A, 3-3B, and 3-6, the incident surface of objective lens group 3-161 is on the exit light path of the galvanometer reflecting surface. The image light reflected by the galvanometer passes through objective lens group 161 and is projected onto the reflecting surface of mirror 3-163 for reflection. The reflected image light enters eyepiece lens group 3-162. The coupling region 3-141 of waveguide 3-14 is located on the exit light path of the exit surface of eyepiece lens group 3-162. The image light exiting from the exit surface of eyepiece lens group 3-163 is incident on the coupling region 3-141 of waveguide 3-14. It should be noted that the case shown in Figure 3-6, where both the eyepiece lens group and objective lens group have only one lens, is only for illustrative purposes. In actual applications, the number of lenses in both the eyepiece lens group and objective lens group can be multiple, and can be adaptively adjusted according to specific application scenarios and requirements. Furthermore, the number of lenses in the eyepiece lens group and the objective lens group can be the same or different.

[0292] Considering the influence of lens tolerances and system assembly precision, the focal length distribution of the objective lens group and eyepiece lens group and the entrance pupil position in afocal optical element need to meet certain conditions, which will be explained in detail below.

[0293] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Assuming the focal length of the objective lens group in the afocal optical element is f1, the focal length of the eyepiece lens group is f2, and the entrance pupil distance of the objective lens group is l, then the exit pupil distance of the eyepiece lens group is l′, and the exit pupil distance of the eyepiece lens group is:

[0294] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Taking the derivative with respect to l, we get:

[0295] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] To ensure that the difference between the first and second display directions of the entire optomechanical module system is small, generally... From this, the relationship between l and focal length can be deduced:

[0296] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] To ensure the overall size of the optical-mechanical module is small, generally f1 and f2 are both greater than 0, which can be deduced as follows:

[0297] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] When hour,

[0298] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] When hour,

[0299] [Amended according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] or

[0300] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Since l is less than 0 and cannot be too close to the lens, l and focal lengths f1 and f2 are:

[0301] The entrance pupil position of an afocal optical element is related to the exit pupil position of its preceding optical elements (e.g., lenses and galvanometers). During the assembly of the optomechanical module, tolerances can cause misalignment between the entrance pupil position of the afocal optical element and its preceding optical elements. In this embodiment, this misalignment is defined as the change in entrance pupil distance. Similarly, the exit pupil distance of the afocal optical element also changes. To ensure compatibility between the afocal optical element and the lens, the ratio of the change in exit pupil distance to the change in entrance pupil distance is less than 1.5. The change in entrance pupil distance is the distance between the exit pupil position of the lens and the entrance pupil position of the afocal optical element, and this change is less than 0.5 mm.

[0302] Figure 3-7 is a schematic diagram of another afocal optical element provided according to an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 3-7, the afocal optical element is an equivalent negative refractive index or negative refractive index flat plate lens. Referring to Figures 3-3A, 3-3B, and 3-7, the negative refractive index flat plate lens is located in the light-emitting path of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 3-13. One side of the negative refractive index flat plate lens receives the image light emitted from the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the negative refractive index flat plate lens causes the image light to converge and form an image on the other side. By adjusting the tilt angle of the negative refractive index flat plate lens, the exit pupil position of the lens can be adjusted, thereby making the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module located near the coupling region 3-141 of the waveguide 3-14.

[0303] In another possible implementation, this application also provides a near-eye display device. Referring to FIG3-2, the near-eye display device includes an eyeglass body and the aforementioned optomechanical module. The eyeglass body includes a frame and temples, a waveguide is located in the frame, and an optical fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer are disposed on the temples or frame.

[0304] Optomechanical module solution three

[0305] In this embodiment, the optomechanical module includes a scanning unit and a waveguide. The scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer. The lens includes a first mirror group, an optical path reversing element, and a second mirror group. The focal length of the lens is negative. The scanning fiber of the fiber optic scanner vibrates along a first vibration direction under the drive of a driving signal, and the galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction. The light emitted from the scanning fiber passes through the first mirror group to form an intermediate image. The intermediate image passes through the optical path reversing element and then through the second mirror group to form a linear scanning trajectory, which enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. Under the action of the galvanometer, an image is formed and enters the coupling region of the waveguide. In this embodiment, the linear scanning trajectory can generally be understood as a one-dimensional linear image.

[0306] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another implementation of the optomechanical module provided in this application. As shown in Figure 7, unlike optomechanical module scheme one and optomechanical module scheme two, in optomechanical module scheme three, the focal length of the lens is a negative focal length. The light emitted from the fiber scanner is converted into an intermediate image after passing through the first lens group L1. Under the action of the optical path turning element L2, the optical path of the intermediate image is turned. Then, the intermediate image forms a one-dimensional linear image through the second lens group L3, and forms a two-dimensional image under the action of the galvanometer.

[0307] In this embodiment, the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module has a significant impact on the entire AR system. If the exit pupil position is far from the entrance pupil position, the entrance pupil position will increase, leading to a decrease in indicators such as brightness, brightness uniformity, and chromaticity uniformity. If a lens with a long exit pupil distance is used, it is difficult to add its aperture stop in the optical path, resulting in more stray light and a reduced transfer function. The structure in the optomechanical module scheme three can effectively reduce the lens's exit pupil distance, reduce stray light, and improve image clarity. In addition, the internal system transition allows the reflector used for feedback to be placed at a position with a smaller beam aperture, improving the robustness of the system feedback.

[0308] Optical-mechanical module adjustment method

[0309] This application also provides a method for adjusting an optical engine module. Figure 4-1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the optical engine module in this application embodiment.

[0310] The component names and numbers (such as galvanometers 2-13) and direction definitions appearing in this embodiment are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution of this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and do not represent a limitation on components with the same name or similar orientations in other embodiments. In different embodiments, the same name or similar number may represent devices with different structures, parameters, or functions. In different embodiments, the same named orientation may represent different meanings.

[0311] Figure 4-1 is a schematic diagram of the optomechanical module provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 4-1, the optomechanical module 4-100 may include a scanning unit and a waveguide 4-14. The scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner 4-11, a lens 4-12, and a galvanometer 4-13. The fiber optic scanner 4-13 mainly includes a fiber optic actuator 4-111 and a scanning fiber 4-112.

[0312] The fiber optic actuator 4-111 can be a piezoelectric actuator and can be placed inside a base. Typically, the scanning fiber 4-112 can be cantilevered and mounted on the surface of the fiber optic actuator 4-111. That is, the output end of the scanning fiber 4-112 is suspended outside the fiber optic actuator 4-111, while the input end can be coupled to the laser emitter to receive the laser beam. The driving circuit of the fiber optic actuator 4-111 provides the driving signal, enabling the fiber optic actuator 4-111 to vibrate at a set operating frequency, further driving the scanning fiber 4-112 to vibrate and scan within a plane (e.g., the XY plane shown in Figure 4-1).

[0313] The scanning fiber 4-112, serving as a flexible transmission and mode-controlled laser transmission medium, typically employs a cantilever structure. One end of the scanning fiber 4-112 is fixed to the fiber actuator 4-111, while the other end serves as the light output end for scanning. Its scanning mode can be achieved by controlling the vibration frequency and phase of the fiber actuator 4-111.

[0314] The laser beam projected by the scanning fiber 4-112 can always be monochromatic, achieving a monochromatic projected image. Alternatively, it can use time-division multiplexing to change the intensity and color of the laser beam projected by the scanning fiber at different times, according to the image information to be displayed, so that the laser beam projected by the scanning fiber 4-112 matches the laser color and intensity at a specific projection point at a certain moment. Another method for color projection is to use an RGB single-mode fiber, directly projecting the mixed beam at the RGB light source input for each pixel. However, when the beam exits at the output end of the scanning fiber 4-112, interference and divergence are inevitable, affecting image quality.

[0315] When the light beam is emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber 4-112, it is inevitably subject to interference. Therefore, in order to improve the imaging quality, an optical component, such as lens 4-12, can be set in the optical path so that the light beam emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber 4-112 can be adjusted. At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the volume and size of the entire laser scanning device as much as possible without affecting the imaging quality, so as to meet the miniaturization requirements of the application products.

[0316] The galvanometer 4-13, as a key actuator for beam deflection, achieves two-dimensional spatial deflection of the laser beam by changing the angle of the reflector surface. It is classified into two types: single-axis (line scanning) and dual-axis (area scanning). When the beam emitted from the light-emitting surface of lens 4-12 is reflected by the galvanometer, the optical path can be adjusted to form an image on the desired imaging surface. Specifically, based on their working principle, galvanometers can be classified as piezoelectric galvanometers, electromagnetic galvanometers, etc. The galvanometer includes a reflector. Under external drive, the reflector can reciprocate around an axis parallel to the X-direction shown in Figure 4-1 at a set frequency. The reflector can be connected to the axis in different ways, for example, placed within a frame with a rotating axis, rotatably fitted onto the axis. The galvanometer and fiber actuator 4-111 can share a unified external circuit, which provides different drive signals, allowing them to have different operating frequencies.

[0317] Referring again to Figure 4-1, the scanning fiber 4-112 of the fiber optic scanner 4-11 vibrates along the first vibration direction (e.g., the X-axis shown in Figure 4-1) under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through the lens 4-12, it enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 4-13. The galvanometer 4-13 vibrates along the second vibration direction (e.g., the Y-axis shown in Figure 4-1) and forms an image under the action of the galvanometer 4-13, which enters the coupling region 4-141 of the waveguide 4-14.

[0318] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, the first vibration direction and the second vibration direction are not consistent with the display direction of a traditional scanning display system. Referring to Figure 4-1, ideally, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established with any point of the fiber optic scanner or lens in the optomechanical module as the origin. One side of the galvanometer is parallel to the X-axis, so its vibration direction is consistent with the Y-axis, and the scanning unit only needs to vibrate parallel to the X-axis. At this time, the direction perpendicular to the paper can be regarded as the first vibration direction (X-axis as shown in Figure 4-1), the height direction of the fiber optic scanner and lens can be regarded as the second vibration direction (Y-axis as shown in Figure 4-1), and the optical axis direction of the fiber optic scanner and lens is the Z-axis direction. To more clearly illustrate the relationship between the first vibration direction, the second vibration direction, the first display direction, and the second display direction, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established here with any point on the waveguide as the origin. Specifically, the length direction of the waveguide (the direction perpendicular to the paper) is the X-axis, the height direction of the waveguide is the Y-axis, and the thickness direction of the waveguide is the Z-axis. Referring again to Figure 4-1, the first display direction is the same as the first vibration direction, and the second display direction is the same as the second vibration direction. However, in the design of near-eye display devices, to ensure wearing comfort and overall aesthetics, the lenses and temples are usually not perpendicular. The specific structural distribution of the lenses and temples in the main body of the glasses can be found in Figures 4-2A and 4-2B below and related content. Furthermore, to ensure that the near-eye display device can control the light output direction of the central field of view, the fiber optic scanner of the optomechanical module rotates according to the reflected light path of the lenses. Since there may be a turning light path between the scanning unit and the galvanometer, the optical axis will rotate. When the vibration direction (e.g., the first vibration direction) rotates along one axis of the spatial coordinate system XYZ, it will cause the display direction (e.g., the first display direction) to rotate along the other axis. This results in the first vibration direction and the first display direction not being parallel in space. In practical applications, the rotation is performed in space according to the reflected light path of the lenses, and the specific rotation angle is determined based on the angle between the temples and the lenses. Furthermore, the first display direction and the second display direction are spatially perpendicular, corresponding to the horizontal and vertical axes of the displayed image, respectively.

[0319] To better understand the distribution of lenses and temples in the main body of the glasses, as well as the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye, the following will provide a detailed explanation in conjunction with Figures 4-2A to 4-3B and related content.

[0320] Figures 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3A, and 4-3B are schematic diagrams of the positional distribution of the lenses relative to the temples in the main body of the eyeglasses provided in the embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding and description, this manual uses an example of a user wearing a near-eye display device, as shown in Figures 4-2A to 4-3B. The user is standing (or at least their upper body is upright) on a horizontal plane, with their eyes looking straight ahead. This "straight ahead" corresponds to the opposite direction of the Z1 axis shown in Figures 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3A, and 4-3B, also referred to as the perpendicular direction to the eye. The user's upright direction (perpendicular to the horizontal plane) corresponds to the Y1 axis direction (also referred to as the vertical direction) shown in Figures 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3A, and 4-3B. The direction to the right of the user's upright direction, parallel to the horizontal plane, corresponds to the X1 axis direction (also referred to as the horizontal direction) shown in Figures 4-2A, 4-2B, 4-3A, and 4-3B. Referring to Figure 4-2A, the lens is mainly deflected relative to the X1 and Y1 axes. Specifically, the angle between the lens and the X1 axis is α, and the angle between the lens and the Y1 axis is β. The temple is mainly deflected relative to the Z1 axis, with an angle of γ. It should be noted that when the optomechanical module shown in Figure 4-1 meets the user wearing conditions described here, the X, Y, and Z axes shown in Figure 1 correspond to the X1, Y, and Z1 axes in Figures 4-2A to 4-3B, respectively.

[0321] Referring to Figures 4-3A and 4-3B, when a user wears a near-eye display device, the waveguide lens provides a display area, i.e., a central field of view, for the user's eyes. To ensure that this central field of view is compatible with the human eye, the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye in the X1 axis direction is θ. o And the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye in the Y1 axis direction is For example, based on Figures 4-3A and 4-3B, it can be seen that there is a certain angle between the central field-of-view fiber and the fiber scanner (optical axis direction). Here, the waveguide mirror is regarded as a reflecting mirror, and the exit angle of the central field-of-view ray in the X1 axis direction can be calculated as θ. o The exit angles of the central field ray along the Y1 axis are: θ i =θ o +2α (1)

[0322] Therefore, the incident light in the central field of view is neither perpendicular to nor parallel to the waveguide lens and the fiber scanner. Conventional adjustments can be made by rotating the optical engine module and shifting the image source. However, the fiber scanner and lens have a certain length, so rotating the optical engine module would inevitably increase the overall size of the near-eye display device, significantly compromising its aesthetics and wearability. Furthermore, the image source, i.e., the object plane, is not a conventional plane, and shifting it would inevitably lead to a decrease in image quality. Based on these problems, this specification provides an adjustment method for the optical engine module, the specific process of which is shown in Figure 4-4 and its related description.

[0323] Figure 4-4 is an exemplary flowchart of the adjustment method for the optical engine module provided in the embodiments of this application. Referring to Figure 4-4, the specific structure of the optical engine module can be found in Figure 4-1 and its related description. The specific flowchart 4-400 of the adjustment method for the optical engine module provided in the embodiments of this specification includes the following steps:

[0324] Step 4-410: Obtain the spatial structure parameters of the waveguide and scanning unit, as well as the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye.

[0325] In some embodiments, the spatial structure parameters mainly include the angle between the waveguide and the horizontal direction (angle α as shown in Figure 4-2A), the angle between the waveguide and the vertical direction (angle β as shown in Figure 4-2B), and the angle between the temple of the near-eye display device and the direction perpendicular to the eye entrance of the central field of view (angle γ as shown in Figure 4-2A). For details regarding the spatial structure parameters and the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye, please refer to Figures 4-2A to 4-3B and their related descriptions.

[0326] Step 4-420: Determine the preset rotation angles corresponding to the fiber optic scanner, lens, and galvanometer based at least on the spatial structure parameters, the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye, and the positional distribution of the fiber optic scanner, lens, and galvanometer.

[0327] The main approaches to determining the corresponding preset rotation angle in the above steps are as follows:

[0328] (1) The horizontal deflection angle of the scanning unit is equal to the horizontal exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye; the vertical deflection angle of the scanning unit is equal to the vertical exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye. Specifically, referring to Figures 4-5, when the central field of view ray is located at the Y1 axis and the scanning unit normal vector... When the plane is formed, it will not cause an angular shift in the X1 axis direction, when the central field ray is located at the X1 axis and the scanning unit normal vector. When the plane is formed, it will not cause an angular offset in the Y1 axis direction. This principle can be used to obtain the offset of each scanning unit.

[0329] (2) The linear scanning trajectory emitted by the fiber optic scanner and lens is approximately parallel to the rotation axis of the galvanometer on the projection surface of the galvanometer, so as to ensure that the emitted image is rectangular in space.

[0330] It should be noted that the linear scanning trajectory on the projection plane of the galvanometer is roughly parallel to the rotation axis of the galvanometer. This can mean that the two are parallel, or that there is a small angle between them, such as no more than 5°.

[0331] Referring to Figures 4-6, when the optomechanical module is rotated, it is equivalent to the light being transmitted in space rotating around multiple axes (such as the X1 axis, Y1 axis, and Z1 axis shown in the figure above). This will also cause the image (linear scanning trajectory) output by the scanning unit to rotate differently on each axis. Especially after the scanning unit passes through other optical elements (such as optical path deflection elements) and enters the galvanometer, it is difficult to keep it parallel to the rotation axis of the galvanometer, which will affect the horizontal, vertical, and perpendicularity of the scanned image. Therefore, it is necessary to rotate and correct the scanning unit.

[0332] Since the rotated image is not perpendicular to the vibration direction of the galvanometer, if you want the final projected image to be a parallelogram, you can rotate the fiber optic scanner around its own axis to compensate for the amount of rotation.

[0333] (3) The horizontal direction of the image output by the optomechanical module is perpendicular to the vertical direction, and the vertical direction of the image output by the optomechanical module is perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

[0334] As mentioned above, the scanning unit contains optical elements with bends, such as mirrors, prisms, and galvanometers, which can cause the image to rotate on various axes. If the deflection of the galvanometer causes this effect, under the premise of ensuring horizontal and vertical perpendicularity, most of the light emitted by the optomechanical module is difficult to be perpendicular to the Y1 and X1 axes in space in the horizontal and vertical directions. Therefore, the final optomechanical module needs to be rotated and corrected.

[0335] In some embodiments, the scanning unit may include other components besides the fiber optic scanner, lens, and galvanometer. For example, the scanning unit may also include an optical path deflection element or a focalless optical system to adjust the path of the light emitted from the fiber optic scanner. The method for determining its preset rotation angle still follows the above principles.

[0336] It should be noted that the above approach to determining the preset rotation angle is applicable to different types of optical engine modules. For details, please refer to the corresponding contents of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 in this manual.

[0337] Steps 4-430: Expand the preset rotation angles corresponding to the fiber scanner, lens, and galvanometer to obtain the rotation angle ranges corresponding to the fiber scanner, lens, and galvanometer, and perform iterative calculations within the rotation angle ranges to determine the rotation angles corresponding to the fiber scanner, lens, and galvanometer.

[0338] When assembling the near-eye display device using the preset rotation angles of each component in the scanning unit obtained in steps 4-420 above, tolerances and assembly precision are present. Therefore, the preset rotation angles need to be adjusted to ensure that the angle at which the central field-of-view light enters the human eye matches the desired value. Furthermore, extending the preset rotation angle can be understood as adjusting it upwards and downwards by a certain value based on the preset rotation angle. For example, if the preset rotation angle is θ... k The extended range of rotation angles can be [θ] k -2, θ k +2] Of course, the values ​​for raising and lowering can also be 1, 3, 4, or other values.

[0339] The adjustment method of the above-mentioned optical engine module will be specifically described below with reference to different embodiments.

[0340] In one possible implementation, referring to Figures 4-8A and 4-8B, the optomechanical module may include a scanning unit and a waveguide. The scanning unit includes a fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer. The fiber scanner mainly includes a fiber actuator and a scanning fiber. One side of the galvanometer is approximately parallel to the plane of the waveguide, and the projection area of ​​the galvanometer's reflecting surface onto the waveguide at least partially overlaps with the coupling region of the waveguide, so that the light reflected from the galvanometer's reflecting surface enters the coupling region of the waveguide. It should be noted that "approximately parallel to the plane of the waveguide" here can mean that the two are parallel, or that they have a small angle between them, such as an angle not exceeding 5°. For ease of description and understanding, this specification uses the example of one side of the galvanometer being parallel to the plane of the waveguide.

[0341] An optical path deflection element can also be provided between the lens and the waveguide of the optomechanical module. This element is located on the light-emitting path of the lens, and its reflective surface is parallel to that of the galvanometer. The reflective surface of the optical path deflection element is positioned opposite to the reflective surface of the galvanometer, and the coupling region of the waveguide is located on the light-emitting path of the galvanometer. Further, light rays emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens enter the reflective surface of the galvanometer under the influence of the reflective surface of the optical path deflection element. The reflective surface of the galvanometer changes the light path, and simultaneously vibrates along a second vibration direction. Under this action, the light rays form a two-dimensional image, and the beam of the two-dimensional image is coupled into the coupling region of the waveguide. In some embodiments, the optical path deflection element can be an optical element such as a plane mirror or a prism.

[0342] When using the optomechanical module shown in Figures 4-8A and 4-8B, taking the reflector 4-15 as the optical path deflection element as an example, the light output from the fiber scanner 4-11 (the shaded area in Figures 4-8A and 4-8B represents the fiber scanner 4-11 and lens 4-12) passes through the reflector 4-15, then through the galvanometer 4-13, and finally enters the waveguide 4-14. In this optomechanical module, one side of the galvanometer 4-13 is always parallel to the waveguide 4-14.

[0343] The specific steps for determining the rotation angle of each component in the scanning unit are as follows:

[0344] (1) Determine the spatial structure parameters α=2°, β=5°, γ=8° of waveguide 4-14 and each component in the scanning unit, as well as the exit angle θ of the central field of view relative to the human eye. o =0 and

[0345] (2) Based on the above spatial structure parameters and the positional distribution of each component in the optomechanical module, the preset rotation angle of each component is determined as follows:

[0346] a) The light emitted from the center of the fiber optic scanner lies in the plane formed by the normal of the mirror and the Y1 axis. If the optical-mechanical module is placed inside the mirror leg, the optical-mechanical module needs to rotate around the Y1 axis. When the mirror and the fiber optic scanner rotate γ degrees simultaneously, the light emitted from the center always lies in the plane formed by the normal of the mirror and the Y1 axis, so it will not cause the light to deviate in the X1 axis direction.

[0347] b) One side of the galvanometer is parallel to the waveguide plane. Since the normal vector of the galvanometer is approximately 45 degrees to the Y1 axis, when its normal vector rotates around the Y1 axis by an angle α, calculations show that it will cause a light ray deflection in the X1 axis direction by an approximate angle. Therefore, it will cause a light ray offset in the X1 axis direction by an angle α. It is also necessary to control the offset in the Y1 axis direction, thus requiring a preset rotation angle θ to be adjusted around the X1 axis. x =β, meaning the preset rotation angle of the galvanometer around the X1 axis is 5°;

[0348] c) Similarly, since the angle between the mirror's normal vector and the Y1 axis is 45 degrees, it can be calculated that the mirror needs to be rotated separately around the Y1 axis by α. Therefore, the preset rotation angle θ for its adjustment around the Y1 axis is... y =α+γ, that is, the preset rotation angle of the reflector around the Y1 axis is 10°;

[0349] d) When the mirror rotates by α around the Y1 axis alone, the image will rotate by α around the axis. Since one side of the galvanometer is parallel to the waveguide, it is equivalent to rotating by α around the Y1 axis, which will also cause the image to rotate by α around the axis. Therefore, a preset rotation angle θ needs to be adjusted by the fiber optic scanner around the Z1 axis. z =2α+γ, the preset rotation angle θ adjusted around the Y1 axisy =γ, that is, the preset rotation angle of the fiber optic scanner around the Z1 axis is 12°, and the preset rotation angle around the Y1 axis is 8°;

[0350] The above spatial structure parameters follow the principles (1) and (2) in step 420 respectively. Since one side of the galvanometer is parallel to the waveguide and the scanned output image is square, the horizontal and vertical directions of the image are located in the X1Z1 and Y1Z1 planes respectively, and are perpendicular to the Y1 and X1 axes respectively.

[0351] Figure 4-9 is a diagram showing the light output effect of the optical engine module after adjustment based on a preset rotation angle according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4-9, after adjusting the components in the optical engine module according to the preset rotation angle obtained above, the light output position of the near-eye display device (the green snowflake-shaped area shown in Figure 4-9) is not consistent with the expected light output position (the red snowflake-shaped area shown in Figure 4-9). It can be seen that the light output effect of the near-eye display device obtained by adjusting the components in the optical engine module according to the preset rotation angle is not good.

[0352] (3) According to the preset rotation angle θ k Extending this gives the range of rotation angles [θ] k -2, θ k +2];

[0353] (4) In [θ k -2, θ k Within the range of +2], the rotation angles that are not equal to 0 are optimized and iteratively calculated to ensure that the output light of the system ultimately meets the requirements, that is, the angle of the entire field of view entering the human eye is consistent with the expected value. Then, the rotation angles corresponding to each component in the optomechanical module are obtained. Here, the rotation angle of the galvanometer around the X1 axis is 5°, the rotation angle of the reflector around the Y1 axis is 9.95°, the preset rotation angle of the fiber scanner around the Z1 axis is 11.9°, and the preset rotation angle around the Y1 axis is 8°.

[0354] Figure 4-10 is a diagram showing the light output effect of the optical-mechanical module after adjustment according to the rotation angle, according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4-10, after optimization and iterative calculation, the rotation angle of each component in the optical-mechanical module is obtained, and the optical-mechanical module is adjusted according to the corresponding rotation angle of each component. The light output position of the adjusted optical-mechanical module is basically consistent with the expected light output position.

[0355] In another possible implementation, referring to Figures 4-11A and 4-11B, the optomechanical module may include a scanning unit and a waveguide, wherein the scanning unit includes a fiber scanner, a lens and a galvanometer, and the fiber scanner mainly includes a fiber actuator and a scanning fiber.

[0356] A focalless optical system 4-16 can also be provided between the lens 4-12 and the waveguide 4-14 of the optomechanical module. A galvanometer 4-13 is located on the light-emitting path of the lens 4-12, and the focalless optical system 4-16 is located on the light-emitting path of the galvanometer 4-13. The coupling region 4-141 of the waveguide 4-14 is located on the light-emitting path of the focalless optical system 4-16. Further, the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens 4-12 enters the focalless optical system 4-16 under the action of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 4-13. The light-emitting end of the focalless optical system 4-16 couples the light into the coupling region 4-141 of the waveguide 4-14. In some embodiments, the focalless optical system 4-16 can be an equivalent negative refractive index or negative refractive index planar lens, which allows the light to converge again for imaging. In some embodiments, the focalless optical system 4-16 can also be a telescope system. By setting a focal-free optical system between the galvanometer 4-13 and the waveguide 4-14, the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module can be adjusted so that the light spot emitted by the limiting scanning unit is located near the coupling region 4-141 of the waveguide 4-14, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0357] When using the optomechanical modules shown in Figures 4-11A and 4-11B, the light emitted from the fiber scanner and lens passes through a galvanometer and then through a focal-free optical system before being coupled into the coupling region of the waveguide. In this optomechanical system, one side of the galvanometer does not need to be parallel to the waveguide.

[0358] The specific steps for determining the rotation angle of each component in the scanning unit are as follows:

[0359] (1) Determine the spatial structure parameters of the waveguide and scanner: α = 2°, β = 5°, γ = 8°, and the exit angle θ of the central field of view relative to the human eye. o =0 and

[0360] (2) The rotation angles of each component are initially set according to the structural parameters and the optical-mechanical arrangement;

[0361] a) The light emitted from the center of the fiber optic scanner lies within the plane formed by the normal to the galvanometer and the Y1 axis. If this optomechanical module is placed inside the mirror mount, it needs to rotate around the Y1 axis. When the galvanometer and fiber optic scanner rotate simultaneously by γ degrees, the emitted light remains within the plane formed by the normal to the galvanometer and the Y1 axis, thus preventing any deviation of the light in the X1 direction. The galvanometer's rotation axis lies within the X1Z1 plane. Considering that the scanning light emitted from the fiber optic scanner and the galvanometer are in the same plane, the fiber optic scanner cannot rotate around the Z1 axis. To ensure a sufficiently small optomechanical size, the fiber optic scanner and galvanometer do not undergo any additional angular rotation. The total rotation of the fiber optic scanner and galvanometer around the Y1 axis is: θ y =γ;

[0362] b) Afocal optical systems require a certain rotation around the axis to ensure that their output light meets the requirements of the optomechanical module. It is worth noting that when the deflecting optical path rotates θ around the Y1 axis alone... ym At this time, it will cause the central field of view X1 axis to deviate from θ. ym And the image rotates about the axis θ ym When the afocal optical system rotates θ around the X1 axis alone xm At this time, it will cause the central field of view Y1 axis to deviate by 2θ. xm ;

[0363] [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] c) Rotation of the afocal optical system will cause the output image to be out of the X1Z1 and Y1Z1 planes in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and not perpendicular to the Y1 and X1 axes. Therefore, the fiber scanner also needs to be rotated. To ensure that the structural shape remains unchanged, it can only rotate around the temple. It is worth noting that, as shown in Figure 12, the rotation of the temple will cause the central field of view to shift in the X1Y1 axis direction. The rotation axis vector around the temple is (sinγ, 0, cosγ). Therefore, the shift angle in the X1Y1 axis direction caused by the rotation θaxis of the optomechanical module around the temple can be approximately calculated by the following formula:

[0364] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] d) Based on principles 2 and 3 in step 420 above, the following relationship can be derived: θ axis =θ ym -γ (5)2α=2θ ym -Δθ (6)

[0365] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The preset rotation angle of each component can be calculated using the above formula. In this embodiment, θ xm ≈6,θ ym ≈-2, θ axis ≈-10;

[0366] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026]

[0367] Figure 4-13 is a diagram showing the light output effect of the optical engine module after adjustment according to a preset rotation angle, according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4-13, after adjusting the components in the optical engine module according to the preset rotation angle obtained above, the light output position of the optical engine module (the green snowflake-shaped area shown in Figure 4-13) is not consistent with the expected light output position. It can be seen that the light output effect of the near-eye display device obtained by adjusting the components in the optical engine module according to the preset rotation angle is not good.

[0368] (3) Based on the initially set rotation angle θ kExtending this gives the range of rotation angles [θ] k -2, θ k +2];

[0369] (4) In [θ k -2, θ k Within the range of +2], optimization and iterative calculations are performed on rotation angles that are not equal to 0 to ensure that the system's output light ultimately meets the requirements, that is, the angle of the entire field of view entering the human eye is consistent with the expected value, thereby obtaining the corresponding rotation angles of each component in the optomechanical module. Here, the rotation angle that the galvanometer needs to adjust around the X1 axis is 6, the rotation angle that the afocal optical system needs to adjust around the Y1 axis is -2.2°, the preset rotation angle that the fiber scanner needs to adjust around the Z1 axis is 0°, and the preset rotation angle that needs to be adjusted around the Y1 axis is 10.2°.

[0370] Figure 4-14 is a diagram showing the light output effect of the optical-mechanical module after adjustment according to the rotation angle, provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4-14, after optimization and iterative calculation, the rotation angle of each component in the optical-mechanical module is obtained, and the optical-mechanical module is adjusted according to the corresponding rotation angle of each component. The light output position of the adjusted optical-mechanical module is basically consistent with the expected light output position.

[0371] In another possible implementation, this application also provides a near-eye display device. Referring to Figures 4-2A to 4-3B, the near-eye display device includes an eyeglass body and an optomechanical module. The eyeglass body includes a frame and temples, a waveguide is located in the frame, and an optical fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer are disposed on the temples or the frame.

[0372] Near-eye display devices

[0373] This application also provides a near-eye display device. Figure 5-1 is a schematic diagram of the optical engine module in the near-eye display device provided in this application.

[0374] The component names and numbers (such as galvanometers 2-13) and direction definitions appearing in this embodiment are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution of this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and do not represent a limitation on components with the same name or similar orientations in other embodiments. In different embodiments, the same name or similar number may represent devices with different structures, parameters, or functions. In different embodiments, the same named orientation may represent different meanings.

[0375] For ease of description, the scanning unit and waveguide are collectively referred to as an optomechanical module in the embodiments of this specification. Figure 5-1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an optomechanical module provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 5-1, the optomechanical module 5-100 may include a scanning unit (also referred to as the laser scanning device in the embodiment shown in Figure 1-1) and a waveguide 5-14. The scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner 5-11, a lens 5-12, and a galvanometer 5-13 (referred to as a galvanometer assembly in the embodiment shown in Figure 1-1). The fiber optic scanner 5-13 mainly includes a fiber optic actuator 5-111 and a scanning fiber 5-112.

[0376] The fiber optic actuator 5-111 can be a piezoelectric actuator and can be placed inside a base. Typically, the scanning fiber 5-112 can be cantilevered and mounted on the surface of the fiber optic actuator 5-111. That is, the output end of the scanning fiber 5-112 is suspended outside the fiber optic actuator 5-111, while the input end can be coupled to the laser emitter to receive the laser beam. The driving circuit of the fiber optic actuator 5-111 provides the driving signal, enabling the fiber optic actuator 5-111 to vibrate at a set operating frequency, further driving the scanning fiber 5-112 to vibrate and scan within a plane (e.g., the XY plane shown in Figure 5-1).

[0377] The scanning fiber 5-112, serving as a flexible transmission and mode-controlled laser transmission medium, typically employs a cantilever structure. One end of the scanning fiber 5-112 is fixed to the fiber actuator 5-111, while the other end serves as the light output end for scanning. Its scanning mode can be achieved by controlling the vibration frequency and phase of the fiber actuator 5-111.

[0378] The laser beam projected by the scanning fiber 5-112 can always be monochromatic, achieving a monochromatic projected image. Alternatively, it can use time-division multiplexing to change the intensity and color of the laser beam projected by the scanning fiber at different times, based on the image information to be displayed, so that the laser beam projected by the scanning fiber 5-112 matches the laser color and intensity at a specific projection point at a certain moment. Another method for color projection is to use an RGB single-mode fiber, directly projecting a mixed beam of light onto the RGB light source input for each pixel. However, when the beam exits from the scanning fiber 5-112, interference and divergence are inevitable, affecting image quality.

[0379] When the light beam is emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber 5-112, it is inevitably subject to interference. Therefore, in order to improve the imaging quality, an optical component, such as a lens 5-12, can be set in the optical path so that the light beam emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber 5-112 can be adjusted. At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the volume and size of the entire laser scanning device as much as possible without affecting the imaging quality, so as to meet the miniaturization requirements of the application products.

[0380] The galvanometer 5-13, as a key actuator for beam deflection, achieves two-dimensional spatial deflection of the laser beam by changing the angle of the reflector surface. It is classified into single-axis (line scanning) and dual-axis (area scanning) types. When the beam emitted from the light-emitting surface of lens 5-12 is reflected by the galvanometer, the optical path can be adjusted to form an image on the desired imaging surface. Specifically, based on their working principle, galvanometers can be classified as piezoelectric galvanometers, electromagnetic galvanometers, etc. The galvanometer includes a reflector. Under external drive, the reflector can reciprocate around an axis parallel to the X-direction shown in Figure 5-1 at a set frequency. The reflector can be connected to the axis in different ways, for example, placed within a frame with a rotating axis, rotatably fitted onto the axis. The galvanometer and fiber actuator 5-111 can share a unified external circuit, which provides different drive signals, allowing them to have different operating frequencies.

[0381] Referring again to Figure 5-1, the scanning fiber 5-112 of the fiber optic scanner 5-11 vibrates along the first vibration direction (e.g., the X-axis shown in Figure 5-1) under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through the lens 5-12, it enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 5-13. The galvanometer 5-13 vibrates along the second vibration direction (e.g., the Y-axis shown in Figure 1). Under the action of the galvanometer 5-13, an image is formed and enters the coupling region 5-141 of the waveguide 5-14.

[0382] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, the first vibration direction and the second vibration direction are not consistent with the display direction of a traditional scanning display system. Referring to Figure 5-1, ideally, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established with any point of the fiber optic scanner or lens in the optomechanical module as the origin. One side of the galvanometer is parallel to the X-axis, so its vibration direction is consistent with the Y-axis. The scanning unit only needs to vibrate parallel to the X-axis. At this time, the direction perpendicular to the paper can be regarded as the first vibration direction (X-axis as shown in Figure 5-1), the height direction of the fiber optic scanner and lens can be regarded as the second vibration direction (Y-axis as shown in Figure 5-1), and the major axis direction of the fiber optic scanner and lens is the Z-axis direction. Here, the major axis direction can be understood as the direction with the largest size of the fiber optic scanner and lens. To more clearly illustrate the relationship between the first vibration direction, the second vibration direction, the first display direction, and the second display direction, an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is established with any point on the waveguide as the origin. Specifically, the length direction of the waveguide (the direction perpendicular to the paper) is the X-axis, the height direction of the waveguide is the Y-axis, and the thickness direction of the waveguide is the Z-axis. Referring to Figure 5-1, the first display direction is the same as the first vibration direction, and the second display direction is the same as the second vibration direction.

[0383] However, in the design of near-eye display devices, in order to ensure the wearing comfort and overall aesthetics of the near-eye display device, the lenses and temples are usually not set perpendicularly. The specific structural distribution of the lenses and temples in the main body of the glasses and the exit angle of the field of view relative to the human eye will be explained in detail below with reference to Figures 5-2A to 5-3B and related content.

[0384] Figures 5-2A, 5-2B, 5-3A, and 5-3B are schematic diagrams of the positional distribution of the lenses relative to the temples in the main body of the eyeglasses provided in the embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding and description, this manual uses an example of a user wearing a near-eye display device, as shown in Figures 5-2A to 5-3B. The user is standing (or at least their upper body is upright) on a horizontal plane, with their eyes looking straight ahead. This "straight ahead" corresponds to the opposite direction of the Z1 axis shown in Figures 5-2A, 5-2B, 5-3A, and 5-3B, also referred to as the perpendicular direction to the eye. The user's upright direction (perpendicular to the horizontal plane) corresponds to the Y1 axis direction (also referred to as the vertical direction) shown in Figures 5-2A, 5-2B, 5-3A, and 5-3B. The direction to the right of the user's upright direction, parallel to the horizontal plane, corresponds to the X1 axis direction (also referred to as the horizontal direction) shown in Figures 5-2A, 5-2B, 5-3A, and 5-3B. Referring to Figure 5-2A, the lens is mainly deflected relative to the X1 and Y1 axes. Specifically, the angle between the lens and the X1 axis is α, and the angle between the lens and the Y1 axis is β. The temple is mainly deflected relative to the Z1 axis, with an angle of γ. It should be noted that when the optomechanical module shown in Figure 5-2 meets the user wearing conditions described here, the X, Y, and Z axes shown in Figure 5-1 correspond to the X1, Y, and Z1 axes in Figures 5-2A to 5-3B, respectively.

[0385] Referring to Figures 5-3A and 5-3B, when a user wears a near-eye display device, the waveguide lens provides a display area, i.e., a central field of view, for the user's eyes. To ensure that this central field of view is compatible with the human eye, the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye in the X1 axis direction is θ. o And the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye in the Y1 axis direction is For example, based on Figures 5-3A and 5-3B, it can be seen that there is a certain angle between the central field-of-view fiber and the fiber scanner (long axis direction). Here, the waveguide mirror is regarded as a reflector, and the exit angle of the central field-of-view ray in the X1 axis direction can be calculated as θ. o The exit angles of the central field ray along the Y1 axis are: θ i =θ o +2α

[0386] Therefore, the incident light in the central field of view is neither perpendicular to nor parallel to the waveguide lens and the fiber scanner. Conventional adjustments can be made by rotating the optical engine module and shifting the image source. However, the fiber scanner and lens have a certain length, so rotating the optical engine module would inevitably increase the overall size of the near-eye display device, significantly compromising its aesthetics and wearability. Furthermore, the image source, i.e., the object plane, is not a conventional plane, and shifting it would inevitably lead to a decrease in image quality. Based on this problem, this application provides a near-eye display device. For details regarding the near-eye display device, please refer to Figures 5-4A to 5-20 and their related descriptions.

[0387] Figures 5-4A and 5-4B are schematic diagrams of the near-eye display device provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figures 5-4A and 5-4B, in some embodiments, the near-eye display device includes a scanning unit and an eyeglass body. The eyeglass body includes a frame, temples, and a waveguide. The temples are connected to the frame, and the waveguide is disposed within the frame. Specifically, the frame includes a left frame 5-211 and a right frame 5-212, both of which may contain waveguide lenses. The temples include a left temple 5-221 and a right temple 5-222. The left temple 5-221 is connected to the left frame 5-211, and the right temple 5-222 is connected to the right frame 5-212. It should be noted that the connection between the temple 5-21 and the frame 5-22 can be a fixed connection, a hinge, etc.

[0388] In some embodiments, at least two sets of scanning units are provided on the left and / or right sides of the eyeglasses body, and the at least two sets of scanning units are located on the temple or frame of the same side of the eyeglasses body. Specifically, the left side of the eyeglasses body refers to the side where the left temple and left frame are located, and the right side of the eyeglasses body refers to the side where the right temple and right frame are located. Providing at least two sets of scanning units on the left and / or right sides of the eyeglasses body can include the following situations: at least two sets of scanning units are provided on one side of the eyeglasses body, or at least two sets of scanning units are provided on both sides of the eyeglasses body. The at least two sets of scanning units corresponding to one side of the eyeglasses body can be simultaneously located on that side of the temple, or simultaneously located on that side of the frame, or some scanning units can be located on that side of the temple, while other scanning units are located on the frame. For details on the specific distribution of the scanning units, please refer to other descriptions in this application specification.

[0389] In some embodiments, the temple may include multiple parts. Taking the right temple as an example, the right temple 5-222 includes at least a connecting segment 5-2221 and a bending segment 5-2222. One end of the connecting segment 5-2221 is connected to the frame (right frame 212), and the other end of the connecting segment 5-2221 is connected to the bending segment 5-2222. In some embodiments, the connecting segment 5-2221 and the bending segment 5-2222 may be integrally formed structures. In some embodiments, the connecting segment 5-2221 and the bending segment 5-2222 may also be two independent parts, which may be fixedly connected or detachably connected. Further, the connecting segment 5-2221 and the bending segment 5-2222 may be made of the same material or different materials. In some embodiments, the connecting segment 5-2221 has a cavity (not shown in the figure) for carrying electronic components. In the embodiments described in this specification, the connecting segment 5-2221 can be used to carry the scanning unit. Furthermore, the connecting segment 5-2221 can also be used to carry the control buttons, sensors, camera, circuit structure, power supply, and other functional modules (such as Bluetooth modules, communication modules, etc.) of the near-eye display device. In other embodiments, the components disposed in the connecting segment 5-2221 can also be selectively disposed in the bending segment 5-2222. The bending segment 5-2222 is mainly for adapting to the human head and ears to ensure a comfortable wearing experience.

[0390] In some embodiments, the long axis of the scanning unit is approximately parallel to the extension direction of the connecting segment of the temple, or the long axis of the scanning unit is approximately parallel to the frame of the mirror frame. The image projected by each scanning unit is coupled to the coupling region of the corresponding waveguide, and the images projected by at least two sets of scanning units partially overlap in the display area of ​​the waveguide. Specifically, referring to Figures 5-4A, one set of scanning units 5-110A is disposed on the connecting segment of the temple, and its long axis (e.g., arrow m shown in Figure 5-4A) is approximately parallel to the extension direction of the connecting segment 5-2221 (e.g., arrow n shown in Figure 5-4A). Another set of scanning units 5-110B is disposed on the mirror frame (e.g., right mirror frame 5-211), and its long axis is approximately parallel to the frame of the right mirror frame 5-212. It should be noted that "approximately parallel" in the embodiments of this specification means that the spatial angle between the two structures is no greater than 5°. For example, the fact that the long axis of the scanning unit is approximately parallel to the extension direction of the connecting segment can be understood as the fact that the angle between the long axis of the scanning unit and the extension direction of the connecting segment is no greater than 5°. For example, the fact that the major axis of the scanning unit is roughly parallel to the frame of the mirror can be understood as the angle between the major axis of the scanning unit and the frame of the mirror being no greater than 5°. Furthermore, the scanning units in Figures 5-4A and 5-4B are for illustrative purposes only. In actual applications, the scanning unit can be located inside the temple or frame, or outside the temple or frame.

[0391] To more clearly describe the near-eye display device, we will use an example where two scanning units (a first scanning unit and a second scanning unit) are arranged on one side of the near-eye display device. Region 5-510 in Figure 5-5 is the projected image of the first scanning unit onto the waveguide, and region 520 in Figure 5-5 is the projected image of the second scanning unit onto the waveguide. Regions 5-510 and 5-520 overlap in region 5-530, thereby increasing the field of view of the near-eye display device. The θ values ​​corresponding to the first and second scanning units are... o They are θ and -θ, respectively. All values ​​are equal to 0. The coupling angle of each scanning unit relative to the waveguide can be calculated based on the basic structural parameters of the glasses. Adjusting the angles of the optical elements allows for the adjustment of each scanning unit, achieving field-of-view stitching. In other embodiments, scanning units corresponding to each waveguide lens can be added according to the application scenario; for example, the number of scanning units can be 3, 4, 5, or more. Furthermore, the images projected by different scanning unit sheets within the waveguide are not limited to the horizontal stitching shown in Figure 5-5; they can also be vertical stitching, or a combination of both.

[0392] In the near-eye display device provided in this specification, each waveguide corresponds to multiple scanning units. The images projected by the multiple scanning units partially overlap within the waveguide, giving the optomechanical module (scanning units and waveguides) of the near-eye display device a large field of view. Furthermore, by placing the scanning units within the temple or frame using the above-described scheme, the overall size of the near-eye display device can be reduced, resulting in a better wearing experience.

[0393] To more clearly illustrate the distribution of the scanning units on the main body of the glasses, this specification provides the following embodiments for detailed description.

[0394] In some embodiments, at least two sets of scanning units are disposed on the connecting section of the temple; wherein, at least two sets of scanning units are arranged side by side, and the long axis directions of at least two sets of scanning units are substantially parallel to the extension direction of the connecting section of the temple. The distribution of the two sets of scanning units on the connecting section of the temple is described here. Figures 5-6 are schematic diagrams of the distribution of scanning units on the temple according to embodiments of this application. As shown in sub-figure (a) of Figure 5-6, the connecting section of the temple is provided with two sets of scanning units, both of which are disposed within the internal cavity of the connecting section, and are arranged side by side, wherein the long axis directions of both sets of scanning units are substantially parallel to the extension direction of the connecting section. It should be noted that the distribution of scanning units on the connecting section of the temple shown in sub-figure (a) of Figure 5-6 is merely an example; in other alternative embodiments, the scanning units may also be distributed at other locations on the connecting section. For example, as shown in sub-figure (b) of Figure 5-6, in some embodiments, both sets of scanning units may be disposed on the side of the temple. For example, as shown in sub-figure (c) of Figure 5-6, one set of scanning units is disposed inside the temple, and another set of scanning units is disposed on the side of the temple. Furthermore, when the scanning units are disposed on the side of the temple, a structure for supporting the scanning units can be provided on the side of the temple, such as a shell structure protruding relative to the side of the temple. In addition, when two sets of scanning units are disposed on the side of the temple, the two sets of scanning units can be located on the same side of the temple or on different sides of the temple.

[0395] It should be noted that the number of scanning units is not limited to the two groups mentioned above, but can also be three or more groups. The distribution of two or more groups of scanning units can refer to the scheme of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0396] In some embodiments, at least two sets of scanning units are arranged side by side on the frame, and the major axis of each set of scanning units is approximately parallel to the edge of the frame. The distribution of the two sets of scanning units on the frame will be described here.

[0397] Figures 5-7 are schematic diagrams showing the distribution of scanning units in the frame according to embodiments of this application. As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d) of Figures 5-7, the frame is provided with two sets of scanning units, which are arranged side by side, and the long axis of both sets of scanning units is approximately parallel to the frame border. In some embodiments, the frame is a rectangular frame structure with horizontal and vertical side frames. The horizontal side frames include an upper side frame 5-213 and a lower side frame 5-214, which are opposite to each other. The vertical side frames include a left side frame 5-215 and a right side frame 5-216, which are opposite to each other. The side frames are joined together to form the frame.

[0398] As shown in Figures 5-7(a) and (b), in some embodiments, the two sets of scanning units can be located simultaneously in the same side frame of the frame. For example, the two sets of scanning units can be located simultaneously in the upper side frame 5-213 or the left side frame 5-215 of the frame. Alternatively, the two sets of scanning units can also be located simultaneously in either the lower side frame 5-214 or the right side frame 5-246 of the frame.

[0399] In some embodiments, the two sets of scanning units may also be located in different side frames of the frame. For example, as shown in Figures 5-7(c), in some embodiments, one set of the two sets of scanning units may be located in the upper side frame 5-213 of the horizontal side frame, and the other set may be located in the lower side frame 5-214 of the horizontal side frame. Alternatively, one set of the two sets of scanning units may be located in the left side frame 5-215 of the horizontal side frame, and the other set may be located in the right side frame 5-216 of the horizontal side frame.

[0400] As shown in Figure 5-7(d), in some embodiments, one set of the two sets of scanning units can be located on the horizontal side frame of the frame, and the other set can be located on the vertical side frame of the frame. The major axis of one set of scanning units is approximately parallel to the horizontal side frame where it is located; the major axis of the other set of scanning units is approximately parallel to the vertical side frame where it is located.

[0401] It should be noted that the number of scanning units is not limited to the two groups mentioned above, but can also be three or more groups. The distribution of two or more groups of scanning units can refer to the scheme of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0402] In the embodiments described in this specification, the scanning unit is set in the frame, and the long axis of the scanning unit is roughly parallel to the frame, which makes the overall size of the frame relatively small, improving the convenience and wearing comfort of the near-eye display device.

[0403] The scanning units are not limited to the case where they are simultaneously located on the temple or frame in the above embodiments. In some embodiments, different scanning units can also be located on different parts of the eyeglass body. Specifically, one set of scanning units is located on the temple, and the other set is located on the frame. Further, the long axis direction of one set of scanning units is approximately parallel to the extension direction of the connecting section of the temple; the long axis direction of the other set of scanning units is approximately parallel to the edge of the frame where it is located. For the specific distribution of the scanning units on the temple and frame, please refer to Figures 5-6 and 5-7 and their related descriptions. It should be noted that the number of scanning units is not limited to the two sets mentioned above, but can also be three or more sets. The distribution of two or more sets of scanning units can refer to the scheme of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0404] The above embodiments mentioned that the near-eye display device has scanning units set in different positions. However, in actual installation, due to differences in the position of the scanning unit relative to the waveguide and the structure of the frame and temple, the specific structure of the scanning unit in different positions also varies. To facilitate the description of the scanning units in different positions, the following description will combine the scanning unit and the waveguide.

[0405] When the scanning unit is located at the connecting section of the temple, the light emitted from the scanning unit needs to be coupled into the coupling region of the waveguide. Therefore, the exit pupil position of the scanning unit should be close to the coupling region of the waveguide. Here, the exit pupil position of the scanning unit is adjusted by additionally setting optical path elements (such as optical path deflection elements or a focalless optical system) between the scanning unit and the waveguide. The following will explain this in detail with reference to Figures 5-8A to 5-9B and their related descriptions.

[0406] Figures 5-8A and 5-8B are schematic diagrams of the optical path of an optomechanical module provided according to embodiments of this application. Referring to Figures 5-8A and 5-8B, the optomechanical module may include a scanning unit and a waveguide. The scanning unit includes a fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer. The fiber scanner mainly includes a fiber actuator and a scanning fiber. One side of the galvanometer is approximately parallel to the plane of the waveguide. The projection area of ​​the galvanometer's reflecting surface onto the waveguide at least partially overlaps with the coupling region of the waveguide, so that the light reflected from the galvanometer's reflecting surface enters the coupling region of the waveguide. It should be noted that "approximately parallel to the plane of the waveguide" here can mean that the two are parallel, or that there is a small angle between them, such as an angle not greater than 5°. For ease of description and understanding, this specification uses the parallelism of one side of the galvanometer to the plane of the waveguide as a specific example.

[0407] Furthermore, an optical path deflection element can be provided between the lens and the waveguide of the optomechanical module. The optical path deflection element is located on the light-emitting path of the lens, and its reflecting surface is parallel to that of the galvanometer. The reflecting surface of the optical path deflection element is positioned opposite to the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the coupling region of the waveguide is located on the light-emitting path of the galvanometer. Further, the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer under the action of the reflecting surface of the optical path deflection element. The reflecting surface of the galvanometer changes the light path, and simultaneously, the reflecting surface of the galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction. Under this action, the light forms a two-dimensional image, and the beam of the two-dimensional image couples into the coupling region of the waveguide. In some embodiments, the optical path deflection element can be an optical element such as a plane mirror or a prism. It should be noted that the above-described optical path deflection element is set independently of the lens. In some alternative embodiments, the optical path deflection element can also be integrated inside the lens; that is, the lens inside the lens that adjusts the light path can also be called an optical path deflection element.

[0408] Figures 5-9A and 5-9B are schematic diagrams of the optical path of an optomechanical module provided according to embodiments of this application. Referring to Figures 5-9A and 5-9B, an afocal optical system 5-16 may also be provided between the lens 5-12 and the waveguide 5-14 of the optomechanical module. A galvanometer 5-13 is located on the light-emitting path of the lens 5-12, the afocal optical system 5-16 is located on the light-emitting path of the galvanometer 5-13, and the coupling region 5-141 of the waveguide 5-14 is located on the light-emitting path of the afocal optical system 5-16. Further, the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens 5-12 enters the afocal optical system 5-16 under the action of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 5-13, and the light-emitting end of the afocal optical system 5-16 couples the light into the coupling region 5-141 of the waveguide 5-14. In some embodiments, the afocal optical system 5-16 can be an equivalent negative refractive index or negative refractive index planar lens, which allows the light to converge again for imaging. In some embodiments, the afocal optical system 5-16 can also be a telescope system. By setting the afocal optical system between the galvanometer 5-13 and the waveguide 5-14, the exit pupil position of the optomechanical module can be adjusted so that the light spot emitted by the limiting scanning unit is located near the coupling region 5-141 of the waveguide 5-14, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0409] When using the optomechanical modules shown in Figures 5-9A and 5-9B, the light emitted from the fiber scanner and lens passes through a galvanometer and then through a focal-free optical system before being coupled into the coupling region of the waveguide. In this optomechanical system, one side of the galvanometer does not need to be parallel to the waveguide.

[0410] Figures 5-10A and 5-10B are schematic diagrams showing the distribution of scanning units arranged on the temple according to embodiments of this application. The optomechanical module shown in Figures 5-10A and 5-10B has a generally similar overall structure to the optomechanical module shown in Figures 5-8A and 5-8B above. The biggest difference is that the long axis of the scanning unit in the optomechanical module is approximately parallel to the frame of the lens, which can also be understood as the optical axis of the long axis unit being approximately parallel to the surface of the waveguide shown in the figure. Correspondingly, the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is on the light output path of the lens, and the projection of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 5-13 onto the waveguide at least partially overlaps with the coupling region 5-141 of the waveguide 5-14. Specifically, the scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along the first vibration direction (X2 axis direction shown in Figure 5-10A) under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. This linear scanning trajectory is directly projected onto the reflecting surface of the galvanometer 5-13 through the light-emitting surface of the lens. The reflecting surface of the galvanometer 5-13 vibrates along the second vibration direction (Y2 axis direction shown in Figure 5-10A). A two-dimensional image is generated based on the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens. The beam of this two-dimensional image is coupled into the coupling region 5-141 of the waveguide 5-14.

[0411] It should be noted that when the scanning unit is mounted on the lens frame, an optical path element (such as a focal atomized optical system or an optical path deflection element) can also be placed between the scanning unit and the waveguide to match the light projected by the scanning unit with the coupling area of ​​the waveguide.

[0412] Referring again to Figures 5-4A and 5-4B, the scanning unit 5-110A on the temple emits light from the end facing the waveguide, and the scanning unit on the frame emits light from the side facing the waveguide, so as to ensure that the light emitted by the scanning unit at each position can be coupled into the coupling area of ​​the waveguide.

[0413] The image projected by the scanning unit will vary depending on its placement and the light-emitting side. The following will provide examples of images projected by different scanning unit configurations.

[0414] Figure 5-11 is a schematic diagram of the scanning unit on the temple provided in the embodiment of this application, and Figure 5-12 is a projection effect diagram based on the scanning unit of Figure 11. As shown in Figure 5-11, the scanning unit is disposed on the temple, and the scanning unit on the temple emits light from its end facing the waveguide. The optical path deflection element and the galvanometer are located at the light-emitting end of the lens in the scanning unit. The reflecting surface of the optical path deflection element is arranged opposite to the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the galvanometer can rotate around its rotation axis. The specific structure of the scanning unit shown in Figure 5-11 is roughly the same as that of the scanning units shown in Figures 5-8A and 5-8B. For a detailed description of the scanning unit of Figure 5-11, please refer to Figures 5-8A and 5-8B and their related contents. Referring to Figure 5-12, the horizontal "FSD" pattern shown in Figure 5-12 is the display image of the scanning direction (first vibration direction) of the fiber optic scanner, and the vertical "mirror" pattern shown in Figure 5-12 is the display image of the galvanometer along its vibration direction (second vibration direction).

[0415] The scanning unit shown in Figure 5-13 is equivalent to rotating 90° clockwise from Figure 5-11 during installation. At this time, the vertical “FSD” pattern in Figure 5-14 is the display image of the scanning direction (first vibration direction) of the fiber optic scanner, and the horizontal “mirror” pattern in Figure 5-14 is the display image of the galvanometer along its vibration direction (second vibration direction).

[0416] Figure 5-15 is a schematic diagram of a scanning unit on a frame according to an embodiment of this specification. Figures 5-16 and 5-17 are projection effect diagrams obtained based on the scanning unit of Figure 5-15. As shown in Figure 5-15, the galvanometer is disposed at the light-emitting end of the lens in the scanning unit. The working principle of the scanning unit and waveguide shown in Figure 5-15 can be referred to Figures 10A and 10B and their related descriptions, which will not be repeated here. Further, when the scanning unit shown in Figure 5-15 is located on the lateral side frame of the frame (e.g., the upper or lower frame), the display effect diagram shown in Figure 5-16 is obtained. The vertical "FSD" pattern in Figure 5-16 is the display image of the fiber optic scanner in the scanning direction (first vibration direction), and the horizontal "mirror" pattern in Figure 5-16 is the display image of the galvanometer along its vibration direction (second vibration direction). When the scanning unit shown in Figure 5-15 is located on the longitudinal side frame of the mirror frame (e.g., the left or right mirror frame), taking the scanning unit located on the left mirror frame as an example, the display effect shown in Figure 5-17 is obtained. The horizontal "FSD" pattern in Figure 5-17 is the display image of the fiber optic scanner in the scanning direction (first vibration direction), and the vertical "mirror" pattern in Figure 5-17 is the display image of the galvanometer along its vibration direction (second vibration direction).

[0417] In other embodiments, the light emitted from the scanning unit located on the lens frame can be efficiently coupled into the coupling region of the waveguide. Adjustment can also be achieved by setting an optical path deflection element. The optical path deflection element is located on the light-emitting path of the lens, with its reflective surface opposite to the light-emitting end of the lens. A galvanometer is located on the reflected light path of the optical path deflection element, with its reflective surface opposite to the reflective surface of the optical path deflection element. Figure 5-18 is a schematic diagram of another scanning unit on the lens frame provided according to an embodiment of this specification. Figures 5-19 and 5-20 are projection diagrams obtained based on the scanning unit of Figure 5-18. As shown in Figure 5-18, this scanning unit, in addition to the galvanometer, also includes an optical path deflection element.

[0418] Furthermore, when the scanning unit shown in Figure 5-18 is located on the horizontal side frame of the mirror frame (e.g., the upper or lower mirror frame), the display effect shown in Figure 5-19 is obtained. The horizontal "FSD" pattern in Figure 5-19 represents the display image of the fiber optic scanner in the scanning direction (first vibration direction), and the horizontal "mirror" pattern in Figure 5-19 represents the display image of the galvanometer along its vibration direction (second vibration direction). When the scanning unit shown in Figure 5-18 is located on the vertical side frame of the mirror frame (e.g., the left or right mirror frame), taking the scanning unit being located on the left mirror frame as an example, the display effect shown in Figure 5-20 is obtained. The vertical "FSD" pattern in Figure 5-20 represents the display image of the fiber optic scanner in the scanning direction (first vibration direction), and the horizontal "mirror" pattern in Figure 5-20 represents the display image of the galvanometer along its vibration direction (second vibration direction).

[0419] In another possible implementation, this application also provides a near-eye display device. Referring to Figures 5-2A to 5-3B, the near-eye display device includes an eyeglass body and an optomechanical module. The eyeglass body includes a frame and temples, a waveguide is located in the frame, and an optical fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer are disposed on the temples or the frame.

[0420] Fast axis feedback adjustment method of scanning unit

[0421] This application also provides a fast axis feedback adjustment method for a scanning unit. Figure 6-1 is an exemplary optical path diagram of a scanning unit provided in the embodiment.

[0422] The component names and numbers (such as galvanometers 2-13) and direction definitions appearing in this embodiment are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution of this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and do not represent a limitation on components with the same name or similar orientations in other embodiments. In different embodiments, the same name or similar number may represent devices with different structures, parameters, or functions. In different embodiments, the same named orientation may represent different meanings.

[0423] Please refer to Figure 6-1, which is an exemplary optical path diagram of a scanning unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; the optomechanical structure of the scanning unit 6-10 mainly includes an optical fiber scanner 6-11 and a galvanometer 6-12.

[0424] The fiber optic scanner 6-11 mainly consists of a fiber optic actuator and a scanning fiber. The fiber optic actuator can be a piezoelectric actuator and can be placed within a base. Typically, the scanning fiber is cantilevered and mounted on the surface of the fiber optic actuator; that is, the output end of the scanning fiber is suspended outside the fiber optic actuator, while the input end can be coupled to the laser emitter to receive the laser beam. The drive circuit of the fiber optic actuator provides the drive signal, enabling the fiber optic actuator to vibrate at a set operating frequency, further driving the scanning fiber to vibrate and scan within a plane.

[0425] Scanning optical fibers, used as flexible transmission and mode-controlled laser transmission media, typically employ a cantilever structure. One end of the scanning fiber is fixed to a fiber actuator, while the other end serves as the output end for scanning. The scanning mode can be controlled by adjusting the vibration frequency and phase of the fiber actuator.

[0426] The laser beam projected by the scanning fiber can always be monochromatic, achieving a monochromatic projected image. Alternatively, time-division multiplexing can be used to change the intensity and color of the laser beam projected by the scanning fiber at different times, so that the laser beam projected by the scanning fiber matches the laser color and intensity at a specific projection point at a specific moment. Another method for color projection is to use RGB-mode fiber, directly projecting a beam pre-mixed in the RGB light source for each pixel.

[0427] When the light beam is emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber, it is inevitably subject to interference. Therefore, in order to improve the imaging quality, an optical component, such as a lens (not shown in Figure 6-1), can be set in the optical path so that the light beam emitted from the output end of the scanning fiber can be adjusted. At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the volume and size of the entire laser scanning device as much as possible without affecting the imaging quality, so as to meet the miniaturization requirements of the application products.

[0428] Galvanometers, as key actuators for beam deflection, achieve two-dimensional spatial deflection of laser beams by changing the angle of their reflective surfaces. They are classified into single-axis (line scanning) and dual-axis (area scanning) types. When the light beam emitted from the lens's output surface is reflected by the galvanometer, the optical path can be adjusted to form an image on the desired imaging surface. Specifically, based on their working principle, galvanometers can be classified as piezoelectric galvanometers, electromagnetic galvanometers, etc. A galvanometer includes a reflector. Under external drive, the reflector can reciprocate around an axis at a set frequency. The reflector can be connected to a rotating shaft in different ways, such as being placed within a frame with a rotating shaft and rotatably fitted onto it. The galvanometer and fiber optic actuator can share a unified external circuit, which provides different drive signals, allowing them to operate at different frequencies.

[0429] Driven by a driving signal, the scanning fiber of the fiber optic scanner vibrates along the fast axis (perpendicular to the plane of the paper as shown in Figure 6-1) and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through a lens, the light enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. The galvanometer vibrates along the slow axis (vertical as shown in Figure 6-1), and an image is formed under the action of the galvanometer.

[0430] The optical path element can be an optical lens such as a plane mirror or prism. The optical path element is configured to allow light of a specific wavelength band to pass through and reflect light of other wavelength bands. Here, the specific wavelength band of light can be selected according to different application scenarios of the scanning unit. In some embodiments, the specific wavelength band of light is light used for display wavelengths. For example, the light source in the embodiments of this specification uses an RGB light-emitting unit, meaning the specific wavelength band corresponds to the wavelength ranges of red, green, and blue light, respectively. Correspondingly, the other wavelength bands of light are non-display wavelength bands, which serve as feedback light, such as yellow light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, and other light. Preferably, the non-specific wavelength band light is invisible light to prevent feedback light from affecting imaging. More preferably, the invisible light in the embodiments of this specification is infrared light.

[0431] Referring again to Figure 6-1, an optical path element 6-13 and at least one sensor 6-14 are disposed on the output optical path of the fiber optic scanner 6-11. The sensor 6-14 is located on the reflected optical path of the optical path element 6-13, and the galvanometer 6-12 is located on the transmitted optical path of the optical path element. The optical path element 6-13 is configured to allow light of the display wavelength range (e.g., red, blue, and green light) to pass through and to reflect light of the non-display wavelength range (e.g., infrared light). Specifically, when the light emitted from the fiber optic scanner reaches the optical path element 6-13, the light of the display wavelength range emitted from the fiber optic scanner 6-11 can pass through the optical path element 6-13 and enter the galvanometer 6-12, while the light of the non-display wavelength range emitted from the fiber optic scanner 6-11 cannot pass through the optical path element 6-13 and is reflected. The sensor 6-14 can receive the non-display wavelength range light reflected by the optical path element 6-13.

[0432] When a scanning unit is applied to near-eye display devices (e.g., AR glasses), the exit pupil of the scanning unit needs to be as close as possible to the waveguide so that image light can be coupled into the coupling region of the waveguide. It should be noted that scanning display devices are not limited to near-eye display devices (e.g., AR glasses), as shown in Figure 6-2 and its corresponding content below. Scanning display devices can also be applied to other scenarios, such as in-vehicle projection. The main difference compared to AR glasses is the absence of waveguide lenses, and a change in the distribution of sensors and galvanometers, as detailed in Figure 6-1 and its related content.

[0433] Figure 6-2 is an exemplary optical path diagram of another scanning unit provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6-2, an optical path element 6-13 and at least one sensor 6-14 are arranged on the output optical path of the fiber optic scanner 6-11. A galvanometer 12 is located on the reflected optical path of the optical path element 6-13, and the sensor 6-14 is located on the transmitted optical path of the optical path element 6-13. In this embodiment, light of a specific wavelength band is light of a non-display wavelength band (e.g., infrared light), and light of other wavelength bands is light used for display wavelength bands (e.g., red light, blue light, and green light). Here, the optical path element 6-13 is configured to allow light of a non-display wavelength band to pass through and reflect light of a display wavelength band. Specifically, when the light emitted from the fiber optic scanner 6-11 is transmitted to the optical path element 6-13, the light of a non-display wavelength band emitted from the fiber optic scanner 6-11 can pass through the optical path element 6-13 and enter the sensor 6-14 to realize the adjustment of the fiber optic scanner. The light emitted from the fiber optic scanner 6-11 in the display band cannot pass through the optical path element 6-13 and is reflected to the galvanometer 6-12. The light in the display band reflected by the galvanometer 6-12 is coupled into the waveguide 6-15. It should be noted that the scanning unit shown in Figure 6-2 can be any type of scanning unit in the optomechanical module provided in the previous embodiments (e.g., the scanning unit in Figure 2-2, the scanning unit in Figure 5-18).

[0434] The scanning unit shown in Figures 6-1 and 6-2 consists of a scanner and a galvanometer. In other alternative embodiments, the scanning unit uses only a two-dimensional scanner and does not involve a galvanometer. The main difference between the two-dimensional scanner here and the scanner 6-11 in Figures 6-1 and 6-2 is that the fiber optic actuator of the two-dimensional scanner in this embodiment includes a first actuator and a second actuator. Under the drive of the scanning drive signal, the first actuator (also called the fast axis) vibrates along the fast axis direction, and the second actuator (also called the slow axis) vibrates along the slow axis direction. Driven by the fiber optic actuator, the front end of the cantilever of the scanning fiber performs two-dimensional scanning along a preset trajectory and emits a light beam. The emitted light beam can then pass through the mirror group to achieve scanning imaging. In this embodiment, the movement trajectory of the optical fiber output end forms a scanning surface through the movement of the fast and slow axes. After passing through the corresponding mirror group, it is converted into an imaging plane (when imaging on a planar carrier, the image is a plane; it should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, the image formed after passing through the mirror group can correspond to the surface of the imaging carrier, that is, it can change with the shape of the carrier surface, as long as the image is clear). In this embodiment, the placement of the optical path elements and sensors can refer to the positions of the optical path elements 6-11 and sensors 6-14 relative to the fiber optic scanner in the scanning unit shown in Figure 1, the main difference being that a galvanometer is not provided.

[0435] The sensor can be a single-point optical sensor, which converts the light intensity information illuminating the photosensitive surface of the sensor into an electrical signal. When the light spot output by the scanning device sweeps across the optical sensor, the light intensity distribution in the area swept by the center of the light spot can be recorded by the sensor. The center position of the peak of the signal intensity curve is the center position of the light spot. Furthermore, the time corresponding to the center position of the peak of the signal intensity curve is taken as the time when the light spot sweeps across the sensor.

[0436] In the projected image display, the energy center of the light spot is taken as the geometric center of the light spot. Even when the light spot is not well focused, the position of its energy distribution center remains the same as when it is clearly focused. Therefore, in this scheme, the light distribution center can still be determined by the energy distribution curve detected by the sensor without requiring an optical structure to achieve good focused imaging.

[0437] Due to inherent physical characteristics, fiber optic scanners require feedback adjustment of their scanning trajectory. When using visible light for feedback adjustment of the scanning display device, the light used for adjustment can interfere with normal image display; in this case, the visible light used for adjustment and the visible light used for image display cannot operate simultaneously. When using infrared light for feedback adjustment, the photoelectric sensor is difficult to completely ignore visible light, leading to a high risk of feedback adjustment failure when the scanning display device is playing video. Filtering the visible light entering the photoelectric sensor using coatings or other methods requires high-level filtering, significantly increasing the manufacturing cost of the scanning display device, and also results in slow feedback adjustment speeds and weak resistance to low-frequency interference.

[0438] Taking the scanning unit shown in Figures 6-1 and 6-2 as an example, this specification provides a fast axis feedback adjustment method for a scanning unit, as shown in Figure 6-3. The method flow 6-300 includes the following steps:

[0439] Step 6-310: The scanning display device has a fast axis and a slow axis. The slow axis period includes a display image period and a blanking period. The scanning display device is controlled to output a test image during the blanking period.

[0440] In the embodiments described in this specification, the vibration frequency of the scanning optical fiber in the scanning display device is the fast axis frequency, and the fast axis frequency is f. x The vibration frequency of the galvanometer is the slow-axis frequency, which is f. y The fast axis cycle corresponding to a scanning display device includes two slow axis cycles corresponding to two galvanometers. The slow axis cycle corresponding to each galvanometer includes the image display period and the blanking period. For example, the fast axis frequency f... x =21000Hz, slow axis frequency f y =60Hz, the vertical resolution of the displayed image is 480P, and the maximum supported vertical resolution is Within a slow axis cycle, there is a period of (700-480) / 700*1 / 60 during which the image is not displayed. When the scanning unit is in operation, the image display period only occupies a portion of the slow axis cycle. Here, the blanking period within the slow axis cycle is used to scan the fast axis feedback corresponding to the display device, so that the time used for image display is separated from the time used for feedback, avoiding the influence of visible light used for imaging on the fast axis feedback adjustment.

[0441] Step 6-320: The time when the light spot corresponding to the test image output by the scanning display device scans across the sensor and its signal strength value are detected by the sensor, and the signal strength curve of at least one fast axis cycle corresponding to the sensor is obtained.

[0442] The scanning fiber of the scanning display device vibrates along the first vibration direction (also known as the fast axis direction) and forms a linear scanning trajectory. That is, the trajectory of the light spot corresponding to the fast axis direction of the scanning display device is: x = A·cos(2πf) x t-α) (6-1)

[0443] Where A represents the amplitude information of the light spot motion, and α represents the phase information of the light spot motion.

[0444] Step 6-330: Within at least one fast axis cycle, determine the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device based on the parameter information of the signal intensity curve.

[0445] The parameter information of the signal loudness curve can reflect the regularity and energy characteristics of the signal intensity curve. In some embodiments, the parameter information of the signal intensity curve may include any one or more of the following: maximum value, minimum value, axis of symmetry, midpoint value, etc. It should be noted that the parameter information of the signal intensity curve is not limited to the above-mentioned maximum value, minimum value, axis of symmetry, and midpoint value. When there are multiple sensors, the signal intensity curves corresponding to multiple sensors have intersection points, and these intersection points can also be regarded as the parameter information of the signal intensity curve. Furthermore, the amplitude and phase can be determined by utilizing the parameter information in simple harmonic vibration. For specific calculation methods, please refer to other parts of the specification.

[0446] Step 6-340: Adjust the driving voltage and phase of the scanning display device or the alignment position of the light source driving signal according to the amplitude and phase, so that the amplitude and phase of the scanning display device are consistent with the target amplitude and target phase of the target trajectory, respectively.

[0447] In some implementations, the adjustment method to make the amplitude of the scanning display device match the target amplitude of the target trajectory can be one or more of PID control, Newton's iteration method, and bisection method. It should be noted that the amplitude adjustment method described here is only an example; other methods can also be used, as long as they can achieve the adjustment of the amplitude of the scanning display. This specification uses Newton's iteration method as a specific example for illustration.

[0448] The swing amplitude is adjusted as follows:

[0449] Assuming the current driving voltage is u0, the beam trajectory amplitude is A0, and the beam amplitude required for matching the image display is A... tar The beam amplitude can then be adjusted multiple times as follows to meet the requirements:

[0450] First adjustment: u1=u0+k1(A tar -A0), the adjusted trajectory amplitude is A1;

[0451] Second adjustment: u2=u1+k2(A tar -A1), the adjusted trajectory amplitude is A1;

[0452] …

[0453] nth adjustment: u n =u n-1 +k n (A tar -A n-1 The adjusted trajectory amplitude is A. n ;

[0454] Until A n Continue until the image requirements are met.

[0455] In some embodiments, the phase of the scanning display device can be adjusted by changing the driving phase of the driving voltage. In this phase adjustment method, the scanning display device system can be considered constant for a short period of time; assuming the current driving phase is... The phase of the light spot trajectory is α, and the phase of the light spot required for the matching image display is α. tar Then it is only necessary to change the driving phase to That's all.

[0456] In some embodiments, the alignment position of the light source driving signal can be adjusted, i.e., the lighting time of the light source (i.e., the lighting time of the laser tube or pixel) can be adjusted to match the phase of the scanning trajectory corresponding to the scanning display device with the target scanning trajectory. Specifically, assuming the imaging requirement is to display a pixel at x=0, the default lighting time of the light source (laser tube) is t=0, and the pixel will be displayed at x=Acos(-α) during actual imaging. To make the actual imaging match the imaging requirement, the lighting time of the light source (laser tube) can be set to...

[0457] This specification provides specific examples of determining the amplitude and phase of the fast-axis scanning trajectory by combining parameter information from the signal strength curve.

[0458] In some embodiments, the number of sensors may be one. The parameter information of the signal strength curve includes the axis of symmetry, maximum value, and minimum value. Further, determining the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast-axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device based on the parameter information of the signal strength curve includes: determining the phase corresponding to the fast-axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device based on any one of the parameter information of the axis of symmetry, minimum value, or maximum value of the signal strength curve.

[0459] Figure 6-4 is a schematic diagram reflecting the axis of symmetry of a signal strength curve according to some embodiments of this application. The axis of symmetry is used as an example for illustration. As shown in Figure 6-4, the signal strength curve S(t) is an axisymmetric periodic function. The axis of symmetry can be determined by the average value of the four intersection points of a constant function (S = c, where c is a constant and 0 < c < maximum value) corresponding to a horizontal line and the signal strength curve S(t).

[0460] [Revised according to Rule 26, 2026] According to formula (6-1), the axis of symmetry of the signal strength curve S(t) is... By substituting the axis of symmetry, the phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device can be obtained.

[0461] [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Figure 6-5 is a schematic diagram reflecting the minimum value of a signal intensity curve according to some embodiments of this application. The minimum value is used as an example here; when the light spot corresponding to the test image is farthest from the sensor, the signal received by the sensor is minimum. As shown in Figure 6-5, the minimum value of the signal intensity curve S(t) (the time corresponding to the dashed line in Figure 6-5) is determined, and substituted into formula (6-1), which can be used to... or Find the phase

[0462] [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Further, the amplitude corresponding to the fast-axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on the phase and the maximum value of the signal intensity curve. Specifically, during the entire spot movement process corresponding to the test image, the sensor has the maximum response when the spot moves onto the sensor, at which point the distance between the sensor and the equilibrium position is d. When the phase... It has been confirmed that, according to Amplitude A can be confirmed.

[0463] In some embodiments, the phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device can also be determined by the maximum value of the signal strength curve. For details on determining the phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device by the maximum value, please refer to the following text.

[0464] [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Light of other wavelengths (non-specific wavelengths, e.g., infrared light) output by the scanning display device is reflected at the optical path element and received by a sensor located on the reflected light path of the optical path element. Figure 6-6 is a schematic diagram of the light spot trajectory and sensor position corresponding to the test image after reflection by the optical path element. Based on Figure 6-6, the light spot trajectory after reflection is: x = A·cos(2πf x (tt k ))=A·cos(2πf x t-2πf x t k (6-2)

[0465] Among them, t k This is the moment when the light spot moves to the rightmost position shown in Figure 6.

[0466] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] Further, the phase of the light spot motion is: α = 2πf x t k (6-3)

[0467] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Based on formula (6-3), assuming the light spot is at t l If the motion reaches the sensor at a certain moment, then: A·cos(2πf) x (t l -t k ))=-d (6-4)

[0468] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] Wherein, d is the distance from the geometric center of the receiving surface of the sensor to the equilibrium position, and the equilibrium position is the center position of the light spot scanning trajectory (the horizontal straight line shown in Figure 6-6).

[0469] [Amended according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] Therefore,

[0470] [Amended according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] The light spot will move onto the sensor twice within one fast axis cycle. Furthermore, combined with... From formula (6-4), we know that: A·cos(-2πf) x (t l -t k ))=A·cos(2πf x (t k -t l ))=-d (6-6)

[0471] [Revised according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The above formula (6-6) can also be written as: A·cos(2πf x (t k -t l ))=A·cos(2πf x ((2t k -t l )-t k (6-7)

[0472] [Revised according to Rule 26, February 14, 2026] Thus, the other moment when the object moves onto the sensor is (2t). k -t l Let t l1 =t l , t l2 =(2t) k -t l ),but:

[0473] From formula (6-8), it can be seen that if the times when the light spot moves onto the sensor twice within one fast axis cycle are known, t l1 and t l2 This allows us to determine the time it takes for the light spot to reach the rightmost (or leftmost) position, thus enabling us to determine the trajectory phase using formula (6-3). Clearly, the farther the light spot is from the sensor, the weaker the sensor signal; conversely, the closer the light spot is to the sensor, the stronger the sensor signal. When the light spot reaches the sensor, the sensor will respond to an extreme value. Therefore, within one fast-axis cycle, the phase and amplitude corresponding to the fast-axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device can be determined by substituting the times corresponding to the two extreme values ​​in the signal intensity curve into the above formula.

[0474] Specifically, Figures 6-7 show the signal intensity curves corresponding to the sensor provided in the embodiments of this specification, which have two extreme values. The times corresponding to the two extreme values ​​are the times corresponding to the peak values ​​in Figures 6-7, respectively. In some embodiments, determining the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device based on the times corresponding to the two extreme values ​​in the signal intensity curve includes: determining the times corresponding to the two extreme values ​​based on the signal intensity curve of at least one fast axis period using any one or more data processing methods such as Fourier series fitting, Gaussian fitting, and spline interpolation fitting.

[0475] It should be noted that the above embodiment, which determines the amplitude and phase of the fast-axis scanning trajectory using parameters such as the axis of symmetry, maximum, and minimum values ​​of the signal intensity curve, can be implemented using a single sensor. More preferably, the number of sensors can also be multiple, and the phase and amplitude results measured from the signal intensity curves acquired by multiple sensors can be corrected by taking the mean, median, or other methods.

[0476] In some embodiments of this specification, the number of sensors is at least two, in which case the phase and amplitude of the fast axis scanning trajectory can be determined by other methods.

[0477] In some embodiments, the parameter information of the signal strength curves includes the intersection of the signal strength curves of the two sensors. Further, determining the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast-axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device based on the parameter information of the signal strength curves within at least one fast-axis cycle includes:

[0478] The intersection of the signal intensity curves of the two sensors is determined based on their signal intensity curves, and it is determined whether the midpoint of the two sensors is the equilibrium position.

[0479] If the midpoint of the two sensors is the equilibrium position, the phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined according to the signal strength and time at the intersection, and the amplitude corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on the phase and the maximum value of the signal strength curve.

[0480] If the midpoint of the two sensors is not at the equilibrium position, the amplitude corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on the phase, signal strength at the intersection, and time. The phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on any parameter information of the axis of symmetry, minimum or maximum value of a signal strength curve.

[0481] Figures 6-8 are signal intensity curves of two sensors according to some embodiments of this application. Specifically, when the light spot corresponding to the test image is located at the midpoint of the two sensors (e.g., the first sensor and the second sensor), the signal intensities measured by the two sensors are equal. Referring to Figure 8, S1(t) is the signal intensity curve corresponding to the first sensor, S2(t) is the signal intensity curve corresponding to the second sensor, and the intersection of S1(t) and S2(t) is t. 12 If the midpoint between the two sensors is exactly at the equilibrium position, then according to The phase can be determined Furthermore, in this case, the amplitude corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device can be determined based on the maximum value of the phase and signal intensity curves. For details, please refer to the specific description of the method for determining amplitude A in other parts of this specification.

[0482] In another embodiment, in phase Given a given situation, if the midpoint between the two sensors is not at its equilibrium position, the midpoint position is c. 12 And c 12 ≠0, according to The amplitude A with respect to the phase can be calculated. The method for determining the value can be found elsewhere in this specification, such as Figures 6-4 to 6-6 and their related descriptions.

[0483] It should be noted that the method of determining the amplitude and phase of the fast-axis scanning trajectory by using the intersection of the signal intensity curves of the two sensors can be used in combination with the methods described above, which use the axis of symmetry, extreme values, etc., of the signal intensity curve of a single sensor to determine the amplitude and phase of the fast-axis scanning trajectory. Furthermore, the information regarding whether the midpoint of the two sensors is at a balanced position can be pre-set. For example, the relative balanced position of the midpoints of the two sensors is pre-set during the manufacturing process of the scanning unit, and this pre-set information is stored in the corresponding storage module of the scanning unit. When it is necessary to determine whether the midpoint of the two sensors is at a balanced position, it can be directly retrieved from the storage module.

[0484] Figure 6-9 shows the time-domain signal curves of the sensor's response to the test image corresponding to the light spot according to the embodiments of this application. Integrating the response of each light spot yields the signal intensity curve shown in the figure. In the above steps, when the sensor acquires the signal intensity of the light spot corresponding to the test image at different times, the sensor's response to the light spot first increases and then decreases, as shown in Figure 6-9, where one pulse corresponds to one light spot. In the embodiments of this specification, the integral of a single pulse signal is used to characterize the sensor's response to the light spot. To obtain more accurate data and thus improve the accuracy of the fast-axis feedback adjustment, in some embodiments, controlling the scanning display device to output the test image during the blanking period includes controlling the scanning device to output invisible light at specific time intervals, where the specific time interval is greater than the decay time of the sensor's response to the test image. The scanning trajectory of the fiber optic scanner is a straight line. Theoretically, the test image consists of several points set at intervals. Due to the extremely short specific time intervals, the test image ultimately appears as a straight line.

[0485] In some embodiments, the light source provided in this specification may include an image light source and a detection light source. The image light source includes at least one set of R, G, and B emitting units. The detection light source is a emitting unit in a non-display wavelength band, such as any one or more of emitting units in other wavelength bands, including yellow light emitting units, ultraviolet light emitting units, infrared light emitting units, and violet light emitting units. Correspondingly, the sensor is a sensor corresponding to the wavelength band of the detection light source. For example, the detection light source is an ultraviolet light emitting unit, and the sensor is an ultraviolet sensor. Another example is a yellow light emitting unit, and the sensor is an ultraviolet sensor. Yet another example is an infrared light emitting unit, and the sensor is an infrared sensor. In the embodiments of this specification, an infrared light emitting unit is used as the detection light source, and an infrared sensor is used as the sensor for illustration. The R, G, and B emitting units serve as the image light source for displaying visible light graphics, and the infrared light emitting unit outputs a test image for correcting the scanning trajectory. Since the human eye cannot perceive infrared light, the scanning trajectory can be corrected while ensuring the normal output of the visible light image. During the display period of the slow axis cycle, the R, G, and B light-emitting units are in working state, while the infrared light-emitting unit is in non-working state; during the blanking period of the slow axis cycle, the R, G, and B light-emitting units are in non-working state, while the infrared light-emitting unit is in working state.

[0486] This specification also provides a scanning display device, including a scanning unit, a processor, and a computer-readable storage medium. The scanning unit includes at least a scanning display device, an optical path element, a galvanometer, and at least one sensor. The optical path element is configured to allow light of a specific wavelength to pass through and reflect light of other wavelengths. The at least one sensor is located on the transmission or reflection optical path of the optical path element. The scanning display device includes a light source and a scanning device, which is used to scan and emit light emitted from the light source. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the fast axis feedback adjustment method of the scanning unit described above.

[0487] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0488] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0489] This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. This application extends to any new features or combinations disclosed in this specification, as well as any new steps or combinations of any new methods or processes disclosed.

Claims

1. A laser scanning device, characterized in that, The device includes an optical fiber actuator, a lens, and a galvanometer assembly. The fiber actuator is connected to an optical fiber and, under the drive of an external driving signal, drives the optical fiber to vibrate and scan on the scanning plane at a first working frequency. An external laser beam passes through the optical fiber and forms a linear scanning trajectory, which is then injected into the lens. The lens is located at a predetermined position between the fiber actuator and the galvanometer, with at least one light-incident surface facing the light-out end of the fiber and its light-out surface facing the reflective mirror of the galvanometer assembly. The reflector of the galvanometer assembly has an angle of inclination with the scanning plane. Under external drive, it can rotate and vibrate at a second operating frequency around an axis parallel to the scanning plane, reflecting the light emitted from the lens to a preset area to form an image.

2. The laser scanning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positional relationship between the lens and the galvanometer assembly is determined by the tilt angle, the characteristic parameters of the lens, the parameters of the optical fiber, and the dimensions of the reflecting mirror.

3. The laser scanning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The entrance pupil position of the reflective lens is less than or equal to 82mm from the optical distance between the reflective lens and the entrance pupil position of the reflective lens; the position where the field rays of the trajectory formed by the fiber optic scanning intersect in space after passing through the lens is the entrance pupil position of the reflective lens.

4. The laser scanning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lens comprises at least two sets of lenses; the distance between the center point of the light-emitting surface of the last set of lenses and the center point of the reflecting lens is determined by the characteristic parameters of the lens and the width of the reflecting lens; the tilt angle is determined by the characteristic parameters of the lens and the height of the reflecting lens.

5. [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The laser scanning device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens is at an optical distance l from the reflecting lens, and the width W of the reflecting lens is related to the optical distance l as follows: The relationship between the height H of the reflective lens and the tilt angle is as follows: Where f is the focal length of the lens, NA is the object-side numerical aperture of the lens, h is the object height of the lens, and θ is the tilt angle of the reflecting mirror.

6. [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The scanning apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the optical fiber's starting point and its output end face is r, and the distance l′ between the entrance pupil of the reflecting mirror and the image-side principal plane of the lens is:

7. [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The scanning apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The distance between the reflecting mirror and the image-side principal plane of the lens is L, and the distance between the entrance pupil of the reflecting mirror and the image-side principal plane of the lens is l'. When the entrance pupil is located behind the galvanometer assembly along the direction of light propagation, l is a negative value; when the entrance pupil is located in front of the galvanometer assembly along the direction of light propagation, l is a positive value. The relationship between L, l', and l is: L = l + l'. The relationship between L and the lens parameters, the lateral field of view α, and the width W of the reflecting mirror is as follows:

8. [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the reflecting mirror of the galvanometer assembly and the image-side principal plane of the lens is L, and the distance between the image-side principal plane of the lens and the last surface of the lens is l. H’ L and l H’ The relationship is: Among them, H m H is the length of the galvanometer assembly. l β is the height of the lens, and β is the longitudinal field of view.

9. The laser scanning device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The area of ​​the reflecting mirror is less than 20mm². 2 .

10. [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The entrance pupil position of the reflecting lens and the optical distance l of the reflecting lens are obtained in the following manner:

11. The laser scanning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective lens is a reflective filter that allows a portion of the light entering the reflective lens to pass through and enter a photoelectric sensor. The photoelectric sensor generates a feedback signal based on the change in the portion of light to adjust the driving parameters of the fiber optic actuator.

12. An optomechanical module, characterized in that, It includes a scanning unit and a waveguide, wherein the scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer; The scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along the first vibration direction under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through the lens, it enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. The galvanometer vibrates along the second vibration direction and forms an image under the action of the galvanometer, which then enters the coupling region of the waveguide. Wherein, the angle between the side of the galvanometer close to the waveguide and the side of the waveguide is no greater than 20 degrees, and the projection of the galvanometer on the waveguide at least partially overlaps with the coupling region of the waveguide, the distance between the light convergence point of the scanning unit in the first display direction and the coupling region of the waveguide is within 2 mm; the light convergence point of the scanning unit in the second display direction is located at the galvanometer.

13. The optomechanical module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The coupling region of the waveguide is elliptical with its major axis along the second display direction.

14. The optomechanical module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first display direction and the second display direction are spatially perpendicular, corresponding to the horizontal and vertical axes of the displayed image.

15. The optomechanical module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The angle between the reflecting surface of the galvanometer and the surface where the coupling region is located ranges from 30 to 60 degrees.

16. The optomechanical module according to any one of claims 12-15, characterized in that, The light-emitting surface of the lens is positioned opposite to the reflecting surface of the galvanometer, and the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens is reflected by the reflecting surface of the galvanometer to the coupling region of the waveguide.

17. The optomechanical module according to any one of claims 12-15, characterized in that, An optical path deflection unit is also provided between the lens and the waveguide. The optical path deflection unit is located on the light output path of the lens, and the reflecting surface of the optical path deflection unit is parallel to one side of the galvanometer.

18. An optomechanical module, characterized in that, It includes a scanning unit, a waveguide, and a focal-free optical element, wherein the scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer. The scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along the first vibration direction under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through the lens, it enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. The galvanometer vibrates along the second vibration direction and forms an image under the action of the galvanometer. The beam of the image enters the coupling region of the waveguide under the action of the afocal optical element. The entrance pupil and exit pupil of the afocal optical element are located at opposite ends of the afocal optical element. The distance between the entrance pupil of the afocal optical element and the center of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is within 2 mm, and the distance between the exit pupil of the afocal optical element and the coupling region of the waveguide is within 2 mm.

19. The optomechanical module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The afocal optical element includes an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group. The distance between the entrance pupil position of the objective lens group and the center position of the reflecting surface of the galvanometer is within 2 mm. The distance between the exit pupil position of the eyepiece lens group and the coupling region of the waveguide is within 2 mm. The objective lens group receives the image light reflected by the galvanometer, and the eyepiece lens group receives the image light from the objective lens group and projects the image light onto the coupling region of the waveguide.

20. [Amended according to Rule 26, 14.02.2026] The optomechanical module according to claim 19 is characterized in that, The relationship between the entrance pupil distance of the objective lens group and the focal length of the objective lens group and the focal length of the eyepiece lens group is as follows: Where f1 is the focal length of the objective lens group, f2 is the focal length of the eyepiece lens group, and l is the entrance pupil distance of the objective lens group.

21. The optomechanical module according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, An optical path deflector is provided between the objective lens group and the eyepiece lens group. The optical path deflector is located on the light output path of the objective lens group, and the eyepiece lens group is located on the light reflection path of the optical path deflector.

22. The optomechanical module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The ratio of the change in exit pupil distance to the change in entrance pupil distance of the afocal optical element is less than 1.

5. The change in entrance pupil distance is the distance between the exit pupil position of the lens and the entrance pupil position of the afocal optical element, and the change in entrance pupil distance is less than 0.5 mm.

23. The optomechanical module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The afocal optical element includes an equivalent negative refractive index or negative refractive index flat plate lens, which allows light to converge again to form an image.

24. The optomechanical module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first display direction and the second display direction are spatially perpendicular, corresponding to the horizontal and vertical axes of the displayed image.

25. A method for adjusting the optomechanical module in a near-eye display device, characterized in that, The near-eye display device includes an optical engine module and a glasses body. The optical engine module includes a scanning unit and a waveguide. The scanning unit includes at least a fiber optic scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer. The optical engine module is disposed on the glasses body. The method includes: Obtain the spatial structure parameters of the waveguide and the scanning unit, as well as the emission angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye; The preset rotation angles corresponding to the fiber optic scanner, lens, and galvanometer are determined based at least on the spatial structure parameters, the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye, and the positional distribution of the fiber optic scanner, lens, and galvanometer. The preset rotation angles corresponding to the fiber optic scanner, the lens, and the galvanometer are respectively extended to obtain the rotation angle ranges corresponding to the fiber optic scanner, the lens, and the galvanometer. Iterative calculations are then performed within the rotation angle ranges to determine the rotation angles corresponding to the fiber optic scanner, the lens, and the galvanometer.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The spatial structure parameters include at least the angle between the waveguide and the horizontal direction, the angle between the waveguide and the vertical direction, and the angle between the temple of the near-eye display device and the central field of view perpendicular to the eye direction.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The deflection angle of the scanning unit in the horizontal direction is equal to the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye in the horizontal direction; the deflection angle of the scanning unit in the vertical direction is equal to the exit angle of the central field of view relative to the human eye in the vertical direction.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, The linear scanning trajectory emitted by the fiber optic scanner and the lens is on the projection plane of the galvanometer and the angle between the galvanometer and the rotation axis of the galvanometer is no greater than 5 degrees.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The horizontal direction of the image output by the optical engine module is perpendicular to the vertical direction, and the vertical direction of the image output by the optical engine module is perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

30. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along the first vibration direction under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through the lens, it enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. The galvanometer vibrates along the second vibration direction and forms an image under the action of the galvanometer, which then enters the coupling region of the waveguide.

31. The method according to any one of claims 25-30, characterized in that, The scanning unit further includes an optical path deflection element, which is located on the light output path of the lens. The reflective surface of the optical path deflection element is arranged opposite to the reflective surface of the galvanometer, and the coupling region of the waveguide is located on the light output path of the galvanometer.

32. The method according to any one of claims 25-30, characterized in that, The scanning unit further includes a focalless optical system, the galvanometer is located on the light output path of the lens, the focalless optical system is located on the light output path of the galvanometer, and the coupling region of the waveguide is located on the light output path of the focalless optical system.

33. A near-eye display device, characterized in that, The near-eye display device includes a scanning unit and an eyeglass body. The eyeglass body includes a frame, temples, and a waveguide. The temples are connected to the frame, and the waveguides are disposed in the frame. At least two sets of scanning units are provided on the left and / or right sides of the eyeglass body. The at least two sets of scanning units are disposed on the temples or frames on the same side of the eyeglass body. Wherein, the angle between the long axis direction of the scanning unit and the extension direction of the connecting section of the temple is not greater than 5°, or the angle between the long axis direction of the scanning unit and the frame of the mirror frame is not greater than 5°, the image projected by each scanning unit is coupled into the coupling area of ​​the corresponding waveguide, and the images projected by the at least two sets of scanning units in the display area of ​​the waveguide partially overlap.

34. The near-eye display device according to claim 33, characterized in that, The scanning unit includes an optical fiber scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer; The scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along the first vibration direction under the drive signal and forms a linear scanning trajectory. After passing through the lens, it enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. The galvanometer vibrates along the second vibration direction and forms an image under the action of the galvanometer, which enters the coupling region of the waveguide.

35. The near-eye display device according to claim 34, characterized in that, The at least two sets of scanning units are disposed on the connecting section of the temple; wherein the at least two sets of scanning units are arranged side by side, and the angle between the major axis direction of the at least two sets of scanning units and the extension direction of the connecting section of the temple is not greater than 5°.

36. The near-eye display device according to claim 34, characterized in that, The at least two sets of scanning units are disposed on the frame, the at least two sets of scanning units are arranged side by side, and the angle between the major axis of the at least two sets of scanning units and the edge of the frame is not greater than 5°.

37. The near-eye display device according to claim 34, characterized in that, The angle between the major axis of one of the at least two sets of scanning units and the lateral side frame of the frame in which it is located is no greater than 5°; the angle between the major axis of the other set of scanning units and the longitudinal side frame of the frame in which it is located is no greater than 5°.

38. The near-eye display device according to claim 34, characterized in that, The angle between the major axis of one of the at least two sets of scanning units and the extension direction of the connecting section of the temple is no greater than 5°; the angle between the major axis of the other set of scanning units and the frame of the frame in which it is located is no greater than 5°.

39. The near-eye display device according to claim 35 or 38, characterized in that, The scanning unit, which is substantially parallel to the connecting section of the mirror temple among the at least two sets of scanning units, also includes an optical path deflection element, and the coupling region of the waveguide is located on the outgoing optical path of the galvanometer.

40. The near-eye display device according to claim 35 or 38, characterized in that, The scanning unit that is substantially parallel to the connecting section of the temple in the at least two sets of scanning units further includes a focalless optical system. The galvanometer is located in the light output path of the lens, the focalless optical system is located in the light output path of the galvanometer, and the coupling region of the waveguide is located in the light output path of the focalless optical system.

41. The near-eye display device according to any one of claims 38-40, characterized in that, In the at least two sets of scanning units, the scanning unit is approximately parallel to the frame of the mirror in which it is located. The light-emitting surface of the lens is arranged opposite to the reflective surface of the galvanometer. The light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the lens is reflected by the reflective surface of the galvanometer to the coupling region of the waveguide.

42. The near-eye display device according to claim 34, characterized in that, The linear scanning trajectory emitted by the fiber optic scanner and the lens is on the projection plane of the galvanometer and the angle between it and the rotation axis of the galvanometer is no greater than 5 degrees.

43. A method for fast axis feedback adjustment of a scanning unit, characterized in that, The scanning unit includes at least a scanning display device, an optical path element, and at least one sensor. The optical path element is configured to allow light of a specific wavelength band to pass through and reflect light of other wavelength bands. The at least one sensor is located on the transmission or reflection optical path of the optical path element. The method includes: The scanning display device has a fast axis and a slow axis. The slow axis period includes a display image period and a blanking period. The scanning display device is controlled to output a test image during the blanking period. The sensor detects the moment when the light spot corresponding to the test image output by the scanning display device scans across the sensor and its signal strength value, and obtains the signal strength curve of at least one fast axis cycle corresponding to the sensor. Within at least one fast axis cycle, the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device are determined based on the parameter information of the signal strength curve; Based on the amplitude and phase, adjust the driving voltage and phase of the scanning display device or the alignment position of the light source driving signal so that the amplitude and phase of the scanning display device are consistent with the target amplitude and target phase of the target trajectory, respectively.

44. The method according to claim 43, characterized in that, The light in the specific wavelength band is light used to display the wavelength band, and the optical path element is configured to transmit light in the display wavelength band and reflect light in the non-display wavelength band, with the at least one sensor located on the reflected light path of the optical path element; or The light in the specific wavelength band is a non-display wavelength band light, the optical path element is configured to transmit non-display wavelength band light and reflect display wavelength band light, and the at least one sensor is located on the transmission optical path of the optical path element.

45. The method according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that, The signal strength curve parameters include the axis of symmetry, maximum value, and minimum value; within at least one fast axis period, determining the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device based on the parameter information of the signal strength curve includes: The phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on any one of the parameter information of the symmetry axis, minimum value, or maximum value of the signal strength curve. The amplitude corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on the phase and the maximum value of the signal intensity curve.

46. ​​The method according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that, The number of sensors is at least two, and the parameter information of the signal intensity curve includes the intersection of the signal intensity curves of the two sensors. Within at least one fast axis cycle, determining the amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device based on the parameter information of the signal intensity curve includes: The intersection of the signal intensity curves of the two sensors is determined based on the signal intensity curves of the two sensors, and it is determined whether the midpoint of the two sensors is the equilibrium position. If the midpoint of the two sensors is the equilibrium position, then the phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined according to the signal strength and time at the intersection point, and the amplitude corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on the phase and the maximum value of the signal strength curve. If the midpoint of the two sensors is not at a balanced position, the amplitude corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on the phase and the signal strength and time at the intersection point, and the phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device is determined based on any one of the parameter information of the axis of symmetry, minimum or maximum value of the signal strength curve.

47. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that, The control of the scanning display device to output the test image during the blanking period includes: controlling the scanning device to output light in a non-display wavelength band at specific time intervals.

48. The method according to claim 47, characterized in that, The specific time interval is greater than the decay time of the sensor's response to the test image.

49. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase corresponding to the fast axis scanning trajectory of the scanning display device are determined based on the parameter information of the signal intensity curve: the parameter information of the signal intensity curve is determined by any one or more data processing methods, such as Fourier series fitting, Gaussian fitting, and spline interpolation fitting, based on the signal intensity curve of at least one fast axis period.

50. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that, The light source includes an image light source and a detection light source. The image light source includes at least one set of R, G, and B light-emitting units. The detection light source includes light-emitting units in non-display bands. The sensor is a sensor corresponding to the band of the detection light source.

51. The method according to claim 50, characterized in that, The non-display band light-emitting unit includes an infrared light-emitting unit, and the sensor is an infrared sensor.

52. A scanning display device, characterized in that, The system includes a scanning unit, a processor, and a computer-readable storage medium. The scanning unit includes at least a scanning display device, an optical path element, and at least one sensor. The optical path element is configured to allow light of a specific wavelength to pass through and reflect light of other wavelengths. The at least one sensor is located in the transmission or reflection optical path of the optical path element. The scanning display device includes a light source and a scanning device, which is used to scan and emit light emitted from the light source. The readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 43-52.

53. An optomechanical module, characterized in that, It includes a scanning unit and a waveguide. The scanning unit includes a fiber optic scanner, a lens, and a galvanometer. The lens includes a first mirror group, an optical path deflection element, and a second mirror group. The focal length of the lens is negative. The scanning fiber of the fiber scanner vibrates along a first vibration direction under the drive signal, and the galvanometer vibrates along a second vibration direction. The light emitted from the scanning fiber forms an intermediate image after passing through the first mirror group. The intermediate image forms a linear scanning trajectory after passing through the optical path turning element and the second mirror group, and enters the reflecting surface of the galvanometer. Under the action of the galvanometer, an image is formed and enters the coupling region of the waveguide.

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