Communication method, apparatus and system

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and apparatus, applied to a channel reconstruction scenario. The method comprises: a terminal performs channel reconstruction on the basis of a reference signal and at least one multi-path combination to obtain at least one reconstructed channel, and then sends or receives data on the basis of a first pre-coding vector, wherein the first pre-coding vector is determined on the basis of a first reconstructed channel among the at least one reconstructed channel, and the first reconstructed channel corresponds to a first multi-path combination among the at least one multi-path combination. By using the method, channel reconstruction is implemented by blindly detecting at least one multi-path combination, without the need for a terminal side to provide accurate location information, thereby reducing additional signaling overhead, and improving spectrum efficiency.

Description

A communication method, apparatus and system

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510217070.0, filed on February 26, 2025, entitled "A Communication Method, Apparatus and System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a communication method, apparatus and system. Background Technology

[0003] In wireless communication systems, accurate channel state information (CSI) is crucial for improving system performance, especially in massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems. Typically, terminal equipment (e.g., user equipment, UE) can perform channel measurements and estimations based on received pilot signals. Furthermore, UE location information is also essential for channel estimation or reconstruction. However, in some scenarios, the UE may not be able to obtain accurate location information; therefore, how to perform effective channel state estimation is a problem that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method, apparatus, and system, aiming to provide an effective scheme for channel measurement and estimation, and improve the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0005] Firstly, a communication method is provided. This method can be applied to the terminal side, for example, a terminal or a communication module and / or computing module within a terminal, or circuits or chips in the terminal responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip), or circuits or chips in the terminal responsible for communication and / or computing functions (such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), or it can also be a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the terminal's functions. The method is described using an example of its application to a terminal.

[0006] The method includes: a terminal performing channel reconstruction based on a reference signal and at least one multipath combination to obtain at least one reconstructed channel; transmitting or receiving data based on a first precoding vector, wherein the first precoding vector is determined based on the first reconstructed channel, the first reconstructed channel corresponds to a first multipath combination, the first multipath combination belongs to at least one multipath combination, and the first reconstructed channel belongs to at least one reconstructed channel.

[0007] Using the above method, a multipath combination blind detection method based on channel reconstruction is proposed. The terminal reconstructs the channel by blindly detecting at least one multipath combination, and transmits uplink and / or downlink data based on the first precoding vector obtained after channel reconstruction. This achieves effective estimation of the channel environment, assisting the network side in configuring large-scale MIMO communication. In this implementation, the terminal can perform channel reconstruction based on at least one acquired multipath combination without needing to obtain additional terminal location information. This method reduces signaling overhead and improves spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the terminal selects and feeds back the most matching multipath combination (i.e., the first multipath combination) to the network side for channel reconstruction, improving the accuracy of channel estimation and enhancing system transmission performance.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes, before the terminal performs channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the terminal receiving the reference signal from the network side.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, before channel reconstruction is performed based on a reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the method further includes: a terminal receiving first information indicating at least one multipath combination; or, the at least one multipath combination is predefined.

[0010] The above method provides multiple ways for the terminal to obtain at least one multipath combination. Subsequently, the terminal can blindly detect the at least one multipath combination to achieve channel reconstruction without the network side providing additional location information of the terminal, thus reducing signaling overhead.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, before sending or receiving data based on the first precoding vector, the method further includes: the terminal sending second information, the second information being used to indicate the first precoding vector.

[0012] Using the above method, after performing blind detection and channel reconstruction on at least one multipath combination, the terminal side can obtain at least one reconstructed channel. The at least one multipath combination corresponds one-to-one with the at least one reconstructed channel. Based on the at least one reconstructed channel, at least one precoding vector can be obtained. Then, the terminal side can indicate the first precoding vector among the at least one precoding vector to the network side for subsequent data transmission, thereby improving the system transmission performance.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the terminal sending third information, the third information being used to indicate the first multipath combination and / or the first reconstruction performance, the first reconstruction performance being determined based on the first reconstruction channel.

[0014] For example, the first reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0015] Using the above method, the terminal can feed back the first multipath combination and / or the first reconstruction performance to the network after blind detection and channel reconstruction. Understandably, the channel reconstruction performance / quality corresponding to this first multipath combination is relatively good, which helps improve the accuracy of channel estimation. The network can flexibly adjust the system configuration based on the first multipath combination fed back by the terminal to adapt to different environments and channel changes, thereby improving system transmission performance.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the second reconstruction performance corresponding to the second multipath combination in at least one multipath combination is less than the first reconstruction performance, wherein the second multipath combination is any multipath combination other than the first multipath combination in at least one multipath combination.

[0017] Based on the above scheme, the terminal side can select the multipath combination with the best performance by comparing the reconstruction effect or reconstruction performance of at least one multipath combination. For example, the multipath combination with the fastest convergence speed, the highest reconstruction quality, the highest correlation of the reconstructed channel, and the smallest mean square error can be selected. That is, the first multipath combination that best matches the current channel environment is selected from at least one multipath combination, and the information is fed back to the network side. This allows the network side to use the information of similar multipath combinations in the radio map to infer the location and channel environment of the terminal side, and to perform corresponding configurations such as large-scale MIMO precoding to improve communication performance.

[0018] Understandably, radio maps typically take user and base station information (such as location coordinates, environmental information, etc.) as input and output the multipath component (MPC) of the user's location when connected to the base station. It can also be called multipath information, multipath part, multipath composition information, or the deterministic part of multipath, etc., and its name is not limited.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the terminal sending fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance, wherein at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance correspond one-to-one.

[0020] Using the above method, after blind detection and channel reconstruction, the terminal can feed back at least one multipath combination and its reconstruction performance to the network. This allows the network to flexibly adjust the system configuration based on the feedback from the terminal, adapting to different environments and channel changes, and improving system transmission performance.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, at least one multipath combination is determined based on one or more of the following: the service type of the terminal, the moving speed of the terminal, the location information of the terminal, or the channel measurement results.

[0022] By adopting the above method, taking into account the terminal's service type, terminal's moving speed, terminal's location information, or at least one multipath combination determined by channel measurement results, the efficiency of blind detection and channel reconstruction on the terminal side can be improved.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, before channel reconstruction is performed based on a reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the method further includes: a terminal receiving configuration information for indicating a blind detection priority order of at least one multipath combination.

[0024] Furthermore, the terminal performs channel reconstruction based on the reference signal, at least one multipath combination, and configuration information to obtain at least one reconstructed channel.

[0025] Using the above method, the terminal side can determine the blind detection priority order of at least one multipath combination based on the acquired configuration information, thereby completing blind detection and channel reconstruction in an orderly manner and improving the efficiency of channel reconstruction.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, before channel reconstruction based on a reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the method further includes: the terminal transmitting terminal capability information, the capability information indicating at least one of the following: the terminal supports blind detection of multipath combinations; the terminal supports a maximum number of blind detections of multipath combinations; or, the channel model supported by the terminal; wherein the multipath combination is generated based on the channel model.

[0027] For example, the multipath combination reported by the terminal includes at least one multipath combination.

[0028] Using the above method, the terminal side reports capability information, which can help the network side select at least one suitable multipath combination for blind detection and channel reconstruction at the terminal side, reduce the blind detection range at the terminal side, and improve detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the terminal receiving an update message, the update message being used to update at least one multipath combination.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, at least one multipath combination corresponds to a first index (e.g., a first version number), the update message includes a second index (e.g., a second version number), and the method further includes: the terminal sending a request message to request information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second index; and receiving a response message including information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second index.

[0031] Using the above method, the terminal can request the network side to obtain the updated combination information of at least one multipath based on the received update message, so that the terminal can obtain the latest combination of at least one multipath and then blindly detect the updated combination of at least one multipath. This can reduce the blind detection range of the terminal and improve the efficiency and accuracy of blind detection.

[0032] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving fifth information, the fifth information being used to indicate the variation pattern and / or amount of variation between at least one multipath combination, or the fifth information being used to indicate the mapping relationship between at least one multipath combination and the first beam, that is, at least one corresponding multipath combination can be determined by receiving the first beam.

[0033] For example, the variation mode includes at least one of the following: angle increase, delay increase, power increase; angle increase, delay increase, power decrease; angle increase, delay decrease, power increase; angle increase, delay decrease, power decrease; angle decrease, delay increase, power increase; angle decrease, delay increase, power decrease; angle decrease, delay increase, power decrease; angle decrease, delay decrease, power increase; or, angle decrease, delay decrease, power increase.

[0034] In other words, at least one of the multipath angle, multipath delay, and multipath power increases, or at least one of the multipath angle, multipath delay, and multipath power decreases.

[0035] Using the above method, for multiple highly correlated multipath combinations, the network side can send the initial multipath combination and the direction of change. For example, the network side can send the initial multipath combination and instruct the terminal side to increase the angle of the path multiple times according to a certain angle, forming a sequence of multipath combinations. Then, the terminal side generates the sequence of multipath combinations based on the direction of change and performs blind detection to complete channel reconstruction. Alternatively, by utilizing the mapping relationship between beams and multipath combinations, the network side can indicate the potential multipath combination information to the terminal side based on the transmitted beam, reducing the blind detection range of the terminal side and improving the efficiency of blind detection.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the terminal sending an adjustment report message, the adjustment report message indicating parameter information corresponding to the first multipath combination, the parameter information including at least one of the following: time delay deviation, angle deviation, or power deviation; and receiving an adjustment confirmation message, the adjustment confirmation message including information of at least one multipath combination after adjustment.

[0037] Using the above method, considering that the multipath environment is usually dynamic in real-world scenarios, such as changes in the surrounding environment (demolition or construction of buildings, vegetation growth, etc.) causing changes in multipath parameters, the network side can fine-tune the multipath combination library based on parameter information fed back from the terminal side (e.g., deviations in latency, power, and angle). This introduces a dynamic multipath combination adjustment mechanism to improve the accuracy of blind detection and the efficiency of channel reconstruction.

[0038] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the terminal receiving a prediction message corresponding to at least one multipath combination, the prediction message including at least one of the following: prediction duration, predicted multipath combination sequence, or predicted model parameters, wherein the prediction message is determined based on the terminal's moving speed and / or moving direction.

[0039] Using the above method, considering the potential impact of terminal mobility on the multipath environment, a multipath combination prediction mechanism based on user mobility is introduced. For example, when a terminal moves at high speed, the Doppler frequency shift is significant, and the multipath delay changes more rapidly. Therefore, the network side can predict the changing trend of multipath combinations over a future period based on the terminal's moving speed and / or direction. This can be achieved by generating a multipath combination sequence or prediction model and informing the terminal side of the relevant multipath combination information in advance. This allows the terminal side to adjust the multipath combination information for blind detection in a timely manner, improving the accuracy of blind detection and the efficiency of channel reconstruction.

[0040] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the terminal receiving sixth information, the sixth information being used to indicate a compression algorithm corresponding to information of at least one multipath combination, the compression algorithm including differential coding and / or quantization.

[0041] Using the above method, the terminal side can employ compression techniques, such as differential coding and quantization, to compress the multipath combination information and report at least one multipath combination information and compression algorithm. This allows the network side to determine the complete information of at least one multipath combination based on the compression algorithm, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0042] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the terminal sending seventh information, which is used to periodically feed back information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold; or, when the channel environment changes, the seventh information is used to actively trigger feedback of information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0043] By employing the above method and introducing feedback and acknowledgment mechanisms, the reliability of feedback can be improved. For example, the terminal can periodically provide feedback on one or more multipath combinations with good current feedback performance, or it can actively trigger one or more multipath combinations with good feedback performance when the channel environment changes significantly. This allows the network side to acknowledge the feedback received from the terminal, ensuring the correct transmission of information.

[0044] Secondly, a communication method is provided. This method can be applied to the network side, for example, to a network device or a communication module and / or computing module within a network device, or to circuits or chips in a network device responsible for communication functions (such as modem chips, also known as baseband chips, or SoC chips or SIP chips containing modem cores), or to circuits or chips in a network device responsible for communication and / or computing functions (such as GPUs, AI processors, or ASICs), or it can be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of a network device. The method will be described using the application of this method to a network device as an example.

[0045] The method includes: a network device transmitting a reference signal; receiving or transmitting data based on a first precoding vector, the first precoding vector being determined according to a first reconstruction channel, the first reconstruction channel corresponding to a first multipath combination, the first multipath combination belonging to at least one multipath combination, and the first reconstruction channel belonging to at least one reconstruction channel.

[0046] Using the above method, a multipath combination blind detection method based on channel reconstruction is proposed. The terminal reconstructs the channel by blindly detecting at least one multipath combination, and transmits uplink and / or downlink data based on the first precoding vector obtained after channel reconstruction. This achieves effective estimation of the channel environment, assisting in the configuration of large-scale MIMO communication on the network side. In this implementation, the terminal does not need to provide precise location information, reducing signaling overhead and improving spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the terminal selects and feeds back the best-matching multipath combination (i.e., the first multipath combination) to the network side for channel reconstruction, improving the accuracy of channel estimation and enhancing system transmission performance.

[0047] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, before receiving or transmitting data based on the first precoding vector, the method further includes: the network device transmitting first information, the first information indicating at least one multipath combination; or, the at least one multipath combination is predefined.

[0048] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes, before receiving or transmitting data based on the first precoding vector, receiving second information, the second information being used to indicate the first precoding vector.

[0049] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving third information, the third information being used to indicate a first multipath combination and / or a first reconstruction performance, the first reconstruction performance being determined based on a first reconstruction channel.

[0050] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance, wherein at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance correspond one-to-one.

[0051] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the second reconstruction performance corresponding to the second multipath combination in at least one multipath combination is less than the first reconstruction performance, wherein the second multipath combination is any multipath combination other than the first multipath combination in at least one multipath combination.

[0052] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the first reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0053] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, at least one multipath combination is determined based on one or more of the following: the service type of the terminal, the moving speed of the terminal, the location information of the terminal, or the channel measurement results.

[0054] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending configuration information, which indicates the blind detection priority order of at least one multipath combination.

[0055] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, before sending the first information, the method further includes: receiving capability information of the terminal, the capability information indicating at least one of the following: the terminal supports blind detection of multipath combinations; the terminal supports a maximum number of blind detections of multipath combinations; or, the channel model supported by the terminal; wherein the multipath combinations are generated based on the channel model.

[0056] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, at least one multipath combination corresponds to the first version number, and the method further includes: sending an update message, the update message being used to update at least one multipath combination, the update message including the second version number; receiving a request message, the request message being used to request information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second version number; and sending a response message, the response message including information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second version number.

[0057] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: transmitting fifth information, the fifth information being used to indicate the variation mode and / or variation amount between at least one multipath combination, or the fifth information being used to indicate the mapping relationship between at least one multipath combination and the first beam; wherein the variation mode includes at least one of the following: angle increase, time delay increase, power increase; angle increase, time delay increase, power decrease; angle increase, time delay decrease, power increase; angle decrease, time delay increase, power increase; angle decrease, time delay increase, power decrease; angle decrease, time delay decrease, power increase; or angle decrease, time delay decrease, power increase.

[0058] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving an adjustment report message, the adjustment report message being used to indicate parameter information corresponding to the first multipath combination, the parameter information including at least one of the following: time delay deviation, angle deviation, or power deviation; and sending an adjustment confirmation message, the adjustment confirmation message including information of at least one multipath combination after adjustment.

[0059] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending at least one prediction message corresponding to a multipath combination, the prediction message including at least one of the following: prediction duration, predicted multipath combination sequence, or predicted model parameters, wherein the prediction message is determined based on the terminal's moving speed and / or moving direction.

[0060] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending a sixth message, the sixth message being used to indicate a compression algorithm corresponding to information of at least one multipath combination, the compression algorithm including differential coding and / or quantization.

[0061] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving seventh information, which is used to periodically feedback information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold; or, when the channel environment changes, the seventh information is used to actively trigger feedback information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0062] The technical solution of the second aspect corresponds to the technical solution of the first aspect and has the same technical effect as the first aspect. For the technical effect of the second aspect, please refer to the relevant description of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0063] Thirdly, a communication device is provided. This communication device may include functional modules or units corresponding to each of the methods / operations / steps / actions described in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or may include functional modules or units corresponding to each of the methods / operations / steps / actions described in any of the second aspects. The module may be hardware circuitry, software, or a combination of hardware circuitry and software implementation.

[0064] In one design, the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The communication module is used to perform the sending and receiving actions performed by the terminal side in the method described in the first aspect above, while the processing module is used to perform processing-related actions performed by the terminal side in the method described in the first aspect above.

[0065] In one design, the communication device can be a terminal, or a device, module, circuit, or chip configured in the terminal, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the terminal, such as an over-the-top (OTT) host or cloud server.

[0066] For example, the communication module is configured to receive first information, which instructs blind detection of at least one multipath combination; the processing module is configured to perform channel reconstruction based on a reference signal and at least one multipath combination to obtain at least one reconstructed channel; the communication module is further configured to send or receive data based on a first precoding vector, which is determined based on the first reconstructed channel, the first reconstructed channel corresponding to the first multipath combination, the first multipath combination belonging to at least one multipath combination, and the first reconstructed channel belonging to at least one reconstructed channel.

[0067] In one design, the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The communication module is used to perform the sending and receiving actions performed by the network side in the method described in the second aspect above, while the processing module is used to perform processing-related actions performed by the network side in the method described in the second aspect above.

[0068] In one design, the device can be a network device, or a device, module, circuit, or chip configured in the network device, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the network device, such as an intelligent network element with a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC) deployed thereon.

[0069] For example, the communication module is configured to send first information, which instructs blind detection of at least one multipath combination; the communication module is also configured to receive or send data based on a first precoding vector, which is determined according to a first reconstruction channel, the first reconstruction channel corresponding to the first multipath combination, the first multipath combination belonging to at least one multipath combination, and the first reconstruction channel belonging to at least one reconstruction channel.

[0070] Fourthly, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the first or second aspect. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, which, when executed, cause the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the first or second aspect. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0071] In one possible design, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components through the interface circuit.

[0072] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0073] The aforementioned communication device may be a terminal side or a network side, or a communication and / or computing module in the terminal side or a network side, or a chip responsible for communication functions in the terminal side or a network side, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip containing a modem module, or a circuit or chip (such as a GPU, AI processor, or ASIC) responsible for communication and / or computing functions in the terminal side or a network side, or a logic node or logic module that can implement all or part of the terminal side or network side functions.

[0074] Fifthly, a chip or chip system is provided. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry for executing programs or instructions to cause the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented, or to cause the methods described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.

[0075] In one possible design, the chip or chip system may also include a memory for storing programs or instructions.

[0076] In one possible design, the chip or chip system may also include transceiver circuitry, or input / output interfaces.

[0077] A sixth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented, or cause the method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.

[0078] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program code or instructions that, when executed, cause the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof to be implemented, or cause the methods described in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.

[0079] Eighthly, a communication system is provided. The communication system includes means for performing the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or includes means for performing the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0080] Ninthly, a computer program is provided. When the computer program is run, it causes the method in any of the possible implementations of the first or second aspect to be implemented.

[0081] It is understood that the third to ninth aspects of this application correspond to the technical solutions of the first to second aspects of this application, and the beneficial effects achieved by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation are similar, so they will not be described again. Attached Figure Description

[0082] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible application framework applicable to an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another possible application framework applicable to the embodiments of this application;

[0086] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a channel reconstruction process provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 7 is a schematic structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 8 is a schematic structural block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0090] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0091] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following points will be explained first:

[0092] First, in this application, the terminal side can also be referred to as the user equipment (UE) side, terminal-side equipment, etc., including: terminal equipment (or user equipment, terminal, etc.), components deployed in the terminal equipment (such as circuits or chips inside the terminal equipment), equipment deployed outside the terminal equipment (such as the host or cloud server of an OTT system, hereinafter referred to as the OTT system server), or components deployed in equipment outside the terminal equipment (such as circuits or chips inside the equipment). The network side (NW side) can also be referred to as network-side equipment, including: network equipment that communicates with the terminal equipment, components deployed in the network equipment (such as circuits or chips inside the network equipment with near real-time RAN intelligent control functions), equipment deployed outside the network equipment (such as intelligent network elements, for example, intelligent network elements with near real-time RAN intelligent control functions), or components deployed in the intelligent network element (such as circuits or chips inside the intelligent network element). Among them, network equipment can include: access network equipment, core network equipment, or operation administration and maintenance (OAM).

[0093] Second, in this application, the indication includes direct indication (also known as explicit indication) and indirect indication (also known as implicit indication). Directly indicating information A means including information A; indirectly indicating information A can mean indicating information A through the correspondence between information A and information B and by directly indicating information B; or by indicating information A through a preset rule that can be used to determine A based on B and by directly indicating information B. The correspondence between information A and information B, and the preset rule, can be predefined, pre-stored, pre-burned, or pre-configured.

[0094] Third, in this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it does not exclude the possibility of indicating an "and" relationship; the specific meaning can be understood in context. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c. Here, a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0095] Fourth, in this application, the use of prefixes such as "first" and "second" is merely for the purpose of distinguishing and describing different things belonging to the same category of names, and does not constrain the order, size, or quantity of things. For example, "first stream" and "second stream" are simply different streams, and do not limit the number, size, or priority of the streams; similarly, "first information" and "second information" are simply different indicative information, and do not limit the number, chronological order, size, or priority of the information.

[0096] Fifth, in this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to a terminal device" can be understood as the destination of the information being the terminal device, which may include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission by other units or modules via the air interface. "Receive information from a network device" can be understood as the source of the information being the network device, which may include direct reception from the network device via the air interface or indirect reception from the network device by other units or modules via the air interface. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between a terminal device and a computing node, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0097] Sixth, in this application, the words "exemplarily," "for example," and "e.g.," are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplarily," "for example," or "e.g.," in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. In the embodiments of this application, "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably, and it should be noted that their intended meanings are consistent unless their distinction is emphasized.

[0098] Seventh, in this application, when comparing A and B, the description "when A is greater than or equal to B, execute method A; when A is less than or equal to B, execute method B" can be implemented in various ways. Specifically, it could be "when A is greater than or equal to B, execute method A; when A is less than B, execute method B"; or it could be "when A is greater than B, execute method A; or when A is less than or equal to B, execute method B." This application does not limit the implementation in this way. For ease of description, the implementations provided in this application are all illustrated using "when A is greater than or equal to B, execute method A; or when A is less than B, execute method B." In other words, "<" indicates less than, and "≤" indicates less than or equal to. "<" and "≤" can sometimes be interchanged, without limitation. Similarly, ">" indicates greater than, and "≥" indicates greater than or equal to. ">" and "≥" can sometimes be interchanged, without limitation.

[0099] The following describes the communication system to which the technical solution of this application is applicable.

[0100] The technical solution provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: fifth generation (5G)th This application provides technical solutions for various communication systems, including generational (5G) or new radio (NR) systems, frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, time division duplex (TDD) systems, wireless local area network (WLAN) systems, satellite communication systems, future communication systems, and converged systems. The technical solutions provided can also be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems or other communication systems.

[0101] In a communication system, a device can send signals to or receive signals from another device. These signals can include information, signaling, or data. The device can also be replaced by an entity, network entity, network element, communication equipment, communication module, node, or communication node. For example, a communication system may include at least one terminal device and at least one network device. The network device can send downlink signals to the terminal device, and / or the terminal device can send uplink signals to the network device.

[0102] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to the communication method of this application embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100A may include at least one access network device, such as access network device 110 shown in Figure 1. The communication system 100A may also include at least one terminal device, such as terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 shown in Figure 1. Access network device 110 and terminal devices (such as terminal devices 120 and 130) can communicate via a wireless link. The communication devices in this communication system, for example, access network device 110 and terminal device 120, can communicate via multi-antenna technology.

[0103] In wireless communication networks, such as mobile communication networks, the services supported by the networks are becoming increasingly diverse, thus requiring increasingly diverse demands. For example, networks need to support ultra-high speeds, ultra-low latency, and / or massive connectivity. This characteristic makes network planning, network configuration, and / or resource scheduling increasingly complex. Furthermore, as network functions become more powerful, such as supporting higher spectrum, higher-order MIMO technology, beamforming (BF), and beam management, network energy efficiency has become a hot research topic. These new demands, scenarios, and characteristics bring unprecedented challenges to network planning, operation, and efficient operation. To meet these challenges, artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be introduced into wireless communication networks to achieve network intelligence. To support AI technology in wireless networks, AI nodes may also be introduced. AI nodes can be AI network elements or AI modules.

[0104] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another communication system applicable to the communication method of this application embodiment. Compared with the communication system 100A shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100B shown in Figure 2 further includes an AI network element 140. The AI ​​network element 140 is used to perform AI-related operations, such as building datasets or AI models. The AI ​​network element can also be simply referred to as an intelligent network element. In this application, the AI ​​model can be simply referred to as a model.

[0105] In one possible implementation, access network device 110 can send data related to the training of the AI ​​model to AI network element 140, whereby AI network element 140 constructs a dataset and trains the AI ​​model. For example, the data related to the training of the AI ​​model may include data reported by terminal devices. AI network element 140 can send the results of operations related to the AI ​​model to access network device 110, and then forward them to terminal devices via access network device 110. For example, the results of operations related to the AI ​​model may include at least one of the following: a trained AI model, model evaluation results, or test results, etc. Exemplarily, a portion of the trained AI model may be deployed on access network device 110, and another portion on terminal devices 120 and / or 130. Alternatively, the trained AI model may be deployed on access network device 110. Or, the trained AI model may be deployed on terminal devices 120 and / or 130.

[0106] It should be understood that Figure 2 is only used as an example of the AI ​​network element 140 being directly connected to the access network device 110. In other scenarios, the AI ​​network element 140 can also be connected to the terminal device. Alternatively, the AI ​​network element 140 can be connected to both the access network device 110 and the terminal device simultaneously. Alternatively, the AI ​​network element 140 can also be connected to the access network device 110 through a third-party network element. This application embodiment does not limit the connection relationship between the AI ​​network element and other network elements. For example, the AI ​​network element 140 can also be set as a module in the access network device and / or the terminal device, for example, in the access network device 110 or the terminal device shown in Figure 1.

[0107] It should be noted that Figures 1 and 2 are simplified schematic diagrams for ease of understanding. For example, the communication system may also include other devices, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figures 1 and 2. In practical applications, the communication system may include multiple access network devices and multiple terminal devices. The embodiments of this application do not limit the number of access network devices and terminal devices included in the communication system.

[0108] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may also be referred to as UE, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user equipment.

[0109] Terminal devices can be devices that provide voice / data, such as handheld devices with wireless connectivity, in-vehicle devices, etc. Currently, examples of terminals include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, or future public land mobile communication networks. Terminal devices in a network (PLMN), etc., are not limited to this in the embodiments of this application.

[0110] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are feature-rich, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a specific type of application function and require the use of other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0111] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or it can be any device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system. This device can be installed in or used in conjunction with the terminal device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete components. This embodiment only uses the terminal device as an example to illustrate the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device, and does not constitute a limitation on the solution of this embodiment.

[0112] The network device in this application embodiment can be a device for communicating with a terminal device. This network device may include access network equipment, core network equipment, or other equipment in the communication system. The access network equipment may be, for example, a base station (BS). In this application embodiment, the access network equipment may refer to a RAN node (or device) that connects the terminal device to the wireless network. A base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names such as: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master station, auxiliary station, motor slide retainer (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), radio unit (RU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or similar entities, or combinations thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. A base station can also be a mobile switching center, a device that performs base station functions in D2D, V2X, and M2M communications, or a device that performs base station functions in future communication systems. A base station can support networks using the same or different access technologies. Optionally, a RAN node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in V2X technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or equipment form used in the access network equipment.

[0113] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move depending on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured as a device to communicate with another base station.

[0114] In some deployments, the access network equipment mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be a device including a CU, or a DU, or a device including both a CU and a DU, or a device with a control plane CU node (central unit-control plane (CU-CP)) and a user plane CU node (central unit-user plane (CU-UP)) and a DU node.

[0115] In some deployments, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing some of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be CUs, DUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, or RUs. CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a BBU. RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as RRUs, AAUs, or RRHs.

[0116] RAN nodes can support one or more types of fronthaul interfaces, each corresponding to a DU and RU with different functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), the DU is configured to implement one or more baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement one or more radio frequency functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is another type of interface, relative to CPRI, it moves some downlink and / or uplink baseband functions—for example, for downlink, precoding, digital beamforming, or one or more of inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) / adding a cyclic prefix (CP)—from the DU to the RU; and for uplink, digital beamforming, or one or more of fast fourier transform (FFT) / removing CP—from the DU to the RU. In one possible implementation, this interface can be an enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI). Under the eCPRI architecture, the splitting methods between DU and RU are different, corresponding to different types (category, Cat) of eCPRI, such as eCPRI Cat A, B, C, D, E, F.

[0117] Taking eCPRI Cat A as an example, for downlink transmission, layer mapping is used as the dividing line. The DU is configured to implement one or more functions preceding layer mapping (i.e., coding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation, and layer mapping itself), while other functions following layer mapping (e.g., resource element / resource unit (RE) mapping, digital beamforming, or IFFT / CP addition) are implemented in the RU. For uplink transmission, de-RE mapping is used as the dividing line. The DU is configured to implement one or more functions preceding de-mapping (i.e., decoding, rate matching de-matching, descrambling, demodulation, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), channel equalization, and de-RE mapping itself), while other functions following de-mapping (e.g., digital BF or FFT / CP removal) are implemented in the RU. It is understood that descriptions of the functions of the DU and RU corresponding to various types of eCPRI can be found in the eCPRI protocol and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0118] In one possible design, the processing unit in the BBU used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband high (BBH) unit, and the processing unit in the RRU / AAU / RRH used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband low (BBL) unit.

[0119] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open RAN (ORAN or O-RAN) architecture, CU can also be called open CU (open-CU, O-CU), DU can also be called open DU (open-DU, O-DU), CU-CP can also be called open CU-CP (open-CU-CP) O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called open CU-UP (open-CU-UP, O-CU-UP), and RU can also be called open RU (open-RU, O-RU). Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0120] In this embodiment, the apparatus for implementing the functions of a network device can be a network device itself; it can also be an apparatus capable of supporting the network device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module. This apparatus can be installed in the network device or used in conjunction with the network device. In this embodiment, the example of a network device being used to implement the functions of a network device is provided only and does not constitute a limitation on the solutions described in this embodiment.

[0121] Network devices and / or terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located. Furthermore, terminal devices and network devices can be hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware, or software functions running on general-purpose hardware, such as virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or entities that include dedicated or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal devices and network devices.

[0122] Optionally, the AI ​​node can be deployed in one or more of the following locations within the communication system: access network equipment, terminal equipment, or core network elements. Alternatively, the AI ​​node can also be deployed independently, for example, in a location other than any of the aforementioned devices, such as in the host or cloud server of an OTT system. The AI ​​node can communicate with other devices in the communication system, which can be one or more of the following: access network equipment, terminal equipment, or core network elements.

[0123] It is understood that this application does not limit the number of AI nodes. For example, when there are multiple AI nodes, they can be divided based on function, such as different AI nodes being responsible for different functions.

[0124] It can also be understood that AI nodes can be independent devices, or they can be integrated into the same device to achieve different functions. Alternatively, they can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). This application does not limit the specific form of the aforementioned AI nodes.

[0125] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible application framework in a communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 3, network elements in the communication system are connected through interfaces (e.g., NG interface, Xn interface) or air interfaces. The NG interface is the interface between the radio access network and the 5G core network. The Xn interface is the interface between access network devices, and the air interface is the interface between access network devices and terminal devices. These network element nodes, such as core network devices, RAN nodes, terminal devices, or one or more devices in OAM, are equipped with one or more AI modules (only one is shown in Figure 3 for clarity). The access network node can be a single RAN node or can include multiple RAN nodes, for example, including CU and DU. The CU and / or DU can also be equipped with one or more AI modules. Optionally, the CU can also be split into CU-CP and CU-UP. One or more AI models are configured in the CU-CP and / or CU-UP.

[0126] The AI ​​module is used to implement corresponding AI functions. AI modules deployed in different network elements can be the same or different. Depending on the parameter configuration, the AI ​​module can implement different functions. The AI ​​module model can be configured based on one or more of the following parameters: structural parameters (e.g., at least one of the following: number of neural network layers, neural network width, inter-layer connections, neuron weights, neuron activation function, or bias in the activation function), input parameters (e.g., type and / or dimension of input parameters), or output parameters (e.g., type and / or dimension of output parameters). The bias in the activation function can also be referred to as the neural network bias.

[0127] An AI module can have one or more models. A model can infer an output, which includes one or more parameters. The learning, training, or inference processes of different models can be deployed on different nodes or devices, or they can be deployed on the same node or device.

[0128] Network devices can be network devices equipped with one or more AI modules. These network devices can include one or more devices in the core network, RAN, or OAM as shown in Figure 3. For example, the AI ​​module can be a RIC as shown in Figure 4, such as a near-real-time RIC (near-RT RIC) or a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC). For instance, a near-real-time RIC is located in a RAN node (e.g., in a CU or DU), while a non-real-time RIC is located in the OAM, a cloud server, a core network device, or other access network devices. The RIC can obtain subsets from multiple terminal devices from RAN nodes (e.g., CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and / or RU), reassemble them into a dataset, and train based on the dataset. Exemplarily, near-real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be configured as separate network elements, and the access network device can be either a near-real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0129] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another possible application framework in a communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. In addition to access network nodes (CU, DU, and RU are shown in the figure) and terminals, the communication system shown in Figure 4 also includes an RIC (Regulator-Integrated Circuit). For example, the RIC can be the AI ​​module shown in Figure 3, which can be used to implement AI-related functions. The RIC includes near-real-time RIC and non-real-time RIC. The non-real-time RIC mainly processes non-real-time information, such as data that is not sensitive to latency, with a latency in the order of seconds. The real-time RIC mainly processes near-real-time information, such as data that is relatively sensitive to latency, with a latency in the order of tens of milliseconds.

[0130] The near real-time RIC is used for model training and inference. For example, it can be used to train an AI model and then use that AI model for inference. The near real-time RIC can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and / or RU) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data. Optionally, the near real-time RIC can deliver inference results to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Optionally, inference results can be exchanged between CU and DU, and / or between DU and RU. For example, the near real-time RIC delivers the inference result to the DU, and the DU sends it to the RU.

[0131] The non-real-time RIC is also used for model training and inference. For example, it can be used to train an AI model and then use that model for inference. The non-real-time RIC can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., one or more of CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, or RU) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data, and the inference results can be delivered to the RAN nodes and / or terminals. Optionally, inference results can be exchanged between CU and DU, and / or between DU and RU; for example, the non-real-time RIC delivers the inference results to the DU, which then forwards them to the RU.

[0132] The near real-time RIC and non-real-time RIC can also be set up as separate network elements. Optionally, the near real-time RIC and non-real-time RIC can also be part of other devices. For example, the near real-time RIC can be set in the RAN node (e.g., in CU, DU), while the non-real-time RIC can be set in the OAM, cloud server, core network device, or other network device.

[0133] To better understand the embodiments of this application, the terms involved in this application will be briefly explained below.

[0134] 1. Artificial Intelligence (AI):

[0135] AI can endow machines with human-like intelligence, for example, allowing them to use computer hardware and software to simulate certain intelligent human behaviors. To achieve artificial intelligence, machine learning methods can be employed. In machine learning, machines learn (or train) a model using training data. This model represents the mapping between inputs and outputs. The learned model can be used for reasoning (or prediction), that is, it can be used to predict the output corresponding to a given input. This output can also be called the reasoning result (or prediction result).

[0136] 2. Reference signal (RS):

[0137] Reference signals can be used for channel measurement, channel estimation, or beam quality detection.

[0138] The reference signal in this application may also be referred to as a pilot signal, or pilot, or pilot reference signal. It is a known signal, such as a known signal provided by the transmitter to the receiver for channel estimation, channel sounding, or data demodulation. The reference signal includes uplink reference signal and downlink reference signal.

[0139] Uplink communication can include the transmission of uplink physical channels and uplink signals. Uplink physical channels include: physical random access channel (PRACH), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), etc. Uplink reference signals include, but are not limited to: SRS, physical uplink control channel-demodulation reference signal (PUCCH-DMRS), physical uplink shared channel-demodulation reference signal (PUSCH-DMRS), phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), or uplink positioning reference signal, etc. The positioning reference signal, for example, is an SRS for positioning or a positioning SRS.

[0140] Downlink communication can include the transmission of downlink physical channels and downlink signals. Downlink physical channels include: physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), or physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc. The downlink reference signals include, but are not limited to: CSI-RS, physical downlink control channel-DMRS (PDCCH-DMRS), physical downlink share channel-DMRS (PDSCH-DMRS), channel state information reference signal interference measurement reference signal (CSI-IMRS), cell specific reference signal (CS-RS), user equipment specific reference signal (US-RS), primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), PTRS, cell reference signal (CRS) in LTE, tracking reference signal (TRS) in NR, uplink positioning RS, or synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SS / PBCH block). Among them, the SS / PBCH block can be simply referred to as the synchronization signal block (SSB), and the CSI-RS can include non-zero power CSI-RS (NZP CSI-RS) and zero power CSI-RS (ZP CSI-RS).There are various types of reference signals. As standards continue to evolve, the names of the aforementioned reference signals may change, and even more reference signals may emerge. No specific limitations are made on this.

[0141] The reference signal can be the reference signal of the serving cell. For example, the serving cell can be a primary cell (Pcell), a secondary cell (Scell), or a primary secondary cell (Pscell). Among them, a cell with a primary component carrier (PCC) can be called a Pcell, and a cell with a secondary component carrier (SCC) can be called an Scell.

[0142] The reference signal can be the reference signal of a neighboring cell of the serving cell (e.g., the reference signal of the cell corresponding to the additional physical cell identifier (PCI)).

[0143] The reference signal can also be the reference signal associated with the handover candidate cell configuration. The handover candidate cell can also be called a candidate cell or a neighboring cell. The handover candidate cell can be the current serving cell or a non-serving cell. The physical cell identifier (PCI) of the handover candidate cell is different from that of the current primary cell (Pcell).

[0144] 3. Time and frequency resources:

[0145] Data or information can be carried using time-frequency resources. These time-frequency resources can include resources in the time domain (e.g., time-domain resources) and resources in the frequency domain (e.g., frequency-domain resources).

[0146] In the time domain, time-domain resources can include one or more time-domain units (or time units). Time-domain units can include radio frames (RF), subframes, frames, half-subframes, half-frames, slots, mini-slots, partial slots, or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, etc.

[0147] In the frequency domain, frequency domain resources can include one or more frequency domain units. Frequency domain units can include subcarriers, component carriers (CCs), resource units (REs), resource blocks (RBs), subchannels, resource pools, bandwidth, bandwidth parts (BWPs), channels, or an interlaced RB, etc.

[0148] 4. Channel Information:

[0149] Channel information represents information related to the channel state between the terminal side and the network side, such as at least one of channel state information (CSI), channel precoding information, beam information, beam angle information, beam power information, beam indication information, channel feature vector, channel feature value, channel amplitude information, or channel phase information.

[0150] For example, channel state information can be used to indicate the state of the channel. Channel state information may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: rank indication (RI) information, channel quality indicator (CQI) information, precoding matrix indicator (PMI), CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), reference signal receiving power (RSRP), reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or signal-to-interference plus noise ratio, etc. Measurement information refers to information about the path and / or the measured channel obtained by the device through channel measurements.

[0151] Channel precoding information indicates the precoding matrix of the channel, etc. Beam information indicates the beam used for transmitting or receiving signals, such as including the beam index. Beam angle information includes, for example, at least one of beam pointing, beamwidth, or beamforming method. Beam pointing includes, for example, the direction of the main lobe formed by beamforming. Beamwidth refers to the degree to which the main lobe formed by beamforming widens in space. Beamforming method refers to the method of beamforming, such as numerical methods, etc. Beam power information indicates the power of the beam. Beam indication information refers to the parameters required for beamforming. The channel eigenvector is a vector used to represent the transmission characteristics of the channel. The channel eigenvalue refers to the eigenvalue of the channel matrix. Channel amplitude information refers to the amplitude changes of the signal during transmission. Channel phase information refers to the phase changes of the signal during transmission.

[0152] 5. Channel Reconstruction:

[0153] In wireless communication, channel reconstruction is a core technology for acquiring Channel State Information (CSI), aiming to recover the time, frequency, or spatial characteristics of the channel using limited observation data. The accuracy and efficiency of channel reconstruction directly affect the performance of the communication system (such as transmission rate, bit error rate, and resource utilization).

[0154] During propagation, wireless channels experience complex effects such as multipath propagation, Doppler shift, path loss, and interference, leading to signal distortion. The goals of channel reconstruction include: eliminating channel distortion, optimizing resource allocation, and increasing system capacity.

[0155] Eliminate channel distortion: compensate for the effects of signal attenuation, phase shift, etc., and ensure the quality of received signal.

[0156] Optimize resource allocation: dynamically adjust modulation scheme, power allocation, beamforming, etc. based on channel state.

[0157] Enhancing system capacity: The potential of technologies such as multi-user scheduling and massive MIMO can be realized through accurate channel information.

[0158] For example, in the channel reconstruction process, the transmitting end inserts known pilot symbols into the signal, and the receiving end device measures the channel based on the received pilot signals. Generally, the receiving end device can calculate the channel impulse response (CIR) or the channel frequency response (CFR). For example, the receiving end can use methods such as least squares, linear minimum mean square error, or compressed sensing to estimate and measure the channel. The receiving end performs channel reconstruction based on the channel measurement results. For example, the receiving end can further extend the channel estimation results to the entire time-frequency resource network through interpolation, model-driven methods, or deep learning methods to obtain complete channel state information.

[0159] 6. Channel estimation:

[0160] Channel estimation techniques include: pilot-based channel estimation, blind channel estimation, and semi-blind channel estimation.

[0161] Among these methods, pilot-based channel estimation is a commonly used approach. The UE estimates the channel response based on the received pilot signals. Common algorithms include least squares (LS) estimation and minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimation. However, this approach consumes additional time-frequency resources and reduces spectral efficiency. Blind channel estimation, on the other hand, estimates channel parameters using the statistical characteristics of the received signals in the absence of direct observations of the channel input and output. It does not require transmitting pilot signals. However, blind channel estimation has limited performance and is generally inferior to pilot-based channel estimation, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-performance communication systems such as large-scale MIMO. Semi-blind channel estimation combines the advantages of pilot-based and blind channel estimation, utilizing a small amount of pilot signals and the statistical characteristics of the received signals for channel estimation.

[0162] 7. Blind detection:

[0163] Blind detection refers to the technique of detecting and identifying signals without prior knowledge of signal and noise statistics, and it has wide applications in communication and radar systems.

[0164] 8. AI models;

[0165] An AI model is an algorithm or computer program that enables AI functionality. An AI model represents the mapping relationship between the model's input and output; in other words, it's a function model that maps an input of a certain dimension to an output of a certain dimension. The parameters of this function model can be obtained through machine learning training. For example, f(x) = mx 2 +n is a quadratic function model, which can be viewed as an AI model. m and n are the parameters of this AI model, and m and n can be obtained through machine learning training. For example, the AI ​​model mentioned in the following embodiments of this application is not limited to neural networks, linear regression models, decision tree models, support vector machines (SVM), Bayesian networks, Q-learning models, or other machine learning (ML) models.

[0166] AI model design mainly includes a data collection phase (e.g., collecting training data and / or inference data), a model training phase, and a model inference phase. It can further include an inference result application phase. In the aforementioned data collection phase, a data source provides the training dataset and inference data. In the model training phase, the AI ​​model is obtained by analyzing or training the training data provided by the data source. Learning the AI ​​model through model training nodes is equivalent to learning the mapping relationship between the AI ​​model's input and output using the training data. In the model inference phase, the AI ​​model trained in the model training phase is used to perform inference based on the inference data provided by the data source to obtain the inference result. This phase can also be understood as: inputting inference data into the AI ​​model, obtaining the output through the AI ​​model, which is the inference result. This inference result can indicate the configuration parameters used (executed) by the execution object, and / or the operations performed by the execution object. In the inference result application phase, the inference result is published. For example, the inference result can be uniformly planned by the actor entity, which can send the inference result to one or more execution objects (e.g., core network devices, access network devices, or terminal devices) for execution. For example, the executing entity can also provide feedback on the performance of the AI ​​model to the data source, which facilitates the subsequent updating and training of the AI ​​model.

[0167] It is understood that AI models can be implemented using hardware circuits, software, or a combination of both; there are no restrictions. Non-restrictive examples of software include: program code, program, subroutine, instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, software modules, application programs, or software applications, etc.

[0168] The above description of the terminology is for ease of understanding only and does not limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0169] In wireless communication systems, accurate channel state information is crucial for improving system performance, especially in massive MIMO systems. Typically, the UE can perform channel estimation based on received pilot signals, but this approach consumes time-frequency resources and reduces spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the UE's location information is also essential for location-based services and channel reconstruction. However, in some scenarios, the UE may not have accurate location information. Therefore, how to effectively estimate the channel state when the UE's location information is unknown is a problem that needs to be considered.

[0170] In view of this, this application provides a communication method, communication device, and communication system, which uses blind detection based on multipath combinations for channel reconstruction. When the terminal does not know its own location, the terminal attempts to reconstruct the channel based on at least one multipath combination and determines the multipath combination that matches the current channel environment based on the reconstruction performance. This facilitates subsequent scheduling and configuration on the network side and improves the transmission performance of the system.

[0171] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to Figure 5. It is understood that this application uses the terminal side and network side as examples to illustrate the execution entities of the interaction, but this application does not limit the execution entities of the interaction. For example, the method executed by the terminal side in this application can be executed by the terminal or its communication module and / or computing module, or by circuits or chips in the terminal responsible for communication functions (such as modem chips, also known as baseband chips, or SoC chips or SIP chips containing modem cores), or by circuits or chips in the terminal responsible for communication and / or computing functions (such as GPUs, AI processors, or ASICs), or by logic nodes, logic modules, or software capable of implementing all or part of the terminal's functions. The method executed by the network side in this application can be executed by network devices or their communication modules and / or computing modules, or by circuits or chips in network devices responsible for communication functions, or by logic nodes, logic modules, or software capable of implementing all or part of the network device's functions; this is not limited.

[0172] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, it includes the following steps.

[0173] S510, the network side sends a reference signal to the terminal side;

[0174] Correspondingly, the terminal receives a reference signal from the network side.

[0175] This reference signal is used for channel measurement and channel reconstruction. For example, this reference signal can be described as a pilot signal, pilot reference signal, or sparse pilot reference signal, etc., and may be a CSI-RS. Specific definitions and explanations of the reference signal can be found in the relevant descriptions above; for brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0176] For example, this application does not limit the form in which the reference signal is sent from the network side to the terminal side. For example, it can be sent once or multiple times, periodically or non-periodically.

[0177] S520, the terminal side performs channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination to obtain at least one reconstructed channel.

[0178] In this context, at least one multipath combination corresponds one-to-one with at least one reconstruction channel.

[0179] For example, a multipath combination may include one or more multipath elements (MPCs). A multipath element may include at least one of the following: the number of multipaths, intensity, angle (e.g., angle of arrival (AOA) or angle of departure (AOD)), power, or delay.

[0180] This application does not specifically limit the method for determining at least one multipath combination. For example, at least one multipath combination is determined based on one or more of the following: the service type of the terminal, the moving speed of the terminal, the location information of the terminal, or the channel measurement results.

[0181] For example, different terminal locations, combined with the surrounding environment (such as buildings, terrain, etc.), can produce different multipath effects, corresponding to different multipath elements. Furthermore, terminal mobility, including its speed and / or direction of movement, can affect the time-varying characteristics of multipath. Assuming the multipath elements and terminal mobility are known at the previous moment, the network or terminal side can predict the multipath elements at the next moment based on the continuous characteristics of spatial propagation path changes. Channel measurement results can be used to infer parameters such as angle, delay spread, or Doppler shift within the multipath elements.

[0182] For example, for channel measurements, the terminal or network side can perform channel estimation based on a reference signal (e.g., a sparse pilot signal) to obtain the channel impulse response (CIR). Then, parameters such as time delay, angle, or Doppler shift from multipath elements can be extracted using parameter estimation algorithms (e.g., space alternating generalized expectation maximization, multiple signal classification, MUSIC, or estimation of signal parameters using rotational invariance techniques, ESPRIT). Furthermore, the terminal or network side can combine environmental maps or three-dimensional (3D) models to predict potential reflectors to aid in multipath identification.

[0183] For example, parameter estimation methods for multipath elements include static multipath acquisition methods and dynamic multipath tracking methods. Static multipath acquisition methods include subspace decomposition, parameterized modeling, ray tracing, or AI model prediction. Dynamic multipath tracking methods include extended Kalman filters (EKF) or AI model prediction. The specific methods are explained below.

[0184] For example, subspace decomposition methods include the MUSIC and ESPRIT algorithms. The MUSIC algorithm estimates multipath delay and angle by utilizing the orthogonality between the signal and noise subspaces, and is mainly suitable for static scenarios. The ESPRIT algorithm reduces computational complexity by leveraging the rotation invariance of the signal subspace. Parametric modeling methods include the SAGE algorithm and compressed sensing. The SAGE algorithm iteratively estimates the parameters (delay, angle, Doppler) for each path, and is mainly suitable for dynamic multipath separation scenarios. Compressed sensing reconstructs multipath components from a small amount of measurement data based on the sparsity assumption, and is mainly suitable for millimeter-wave large-scale MIMO scenarios. Ray tracing methods involve importing 3D models such as buildings, terrain, or vegetation, and combine geometric optics (GO) and the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) to simulate reflection and diffraction paths. AI model prediction involves using environmental maps (e.g., radio maps), network-side location, and terminal-side location as inputs to the AI ​​model, and outputting predicted multipath elements.

[0185] For example, extended Kalman filtering models multipath parameters (time delay, angle, Doppler) as state variables, and combines this with the terminal's moving speed to track time-varying paths through nonlinear filtering. AI model prediction models multipath changes as a sequence, and predicts the multipath elements for the next time step based on the multipath elements of the previous time step and the terminal's moving speed.

[0186] Optionally, the multipath elements actually sent from the network side to the terminal side may be processed. For example, assuming the network side generates 100 paths using ray tracing, it is not necessary to send them all to the terminal side. Instead, a portion of the paths can be selected, and the multipath elements corresponding to that portion of the paths can be sent to the terminal side.

[0187] For example, the terminal's service type may also affect the network side's determination of the multipath elements ultimately sent to the terminal. For instance, assuming the terminal's service requirement is high throughput (i.e., high-throughput service, meaning data transmission occurs across multiple transport layers), the network side can send more multipath information (e.g., a greater number of multipaths) to the terminal side compared to a low-throughput service. As another example, assuming the terminal's service requirement is low latency, the network base station can send elements / parameters of the lower-latency paths to the terminal side, without limitation.

[0188] Understandably, the above is merely an example for ease of understanding, and other solutions are not excluded.

[0189] This application does not limit the specific implementation method of obtaining at least one reconstructed channel by reconstructing the channel on the terminal side based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination.

[0190] The following section describes the implementation of channel measurement and channel reconstruction on the terminal side based on reference signals (e.g., sparse pilot signals).

[0191] In one implementation, channel measurement on the terminal side based on sparse pilot signals can be simply referred to as sparse measurement, sparse pilot measurement, or sparse channel measurement. Understandably, the density of the pilot pattern corresponding to sparse pilot measurement is relatively sparse; for example, the number of transmit antenna ports Q is smaller than the number of transmit antenna ports indicated by the pilot pattern in existing schemes. Based on this, sparse pilot measurement can reduce computational complexity and channel measurement overhead. For example, suppose there exists a resource where the time domain occupies one time slot (e.g., symbols 0 to 13), the frequency domain occupies one RB (e.g., subcarriers 0 to 11), and one symbol and one subcarrier constitute one time-frequency point. Symbols 1, 2, and 8 can be considered as time-domain feedback dimensions, and subcarriers 5 and 9 can be considered as frequency-domain feedback dimensions. Thus, six time-frequency points can be determined. Assuming that each antenna port corresponds to one time-frequency point, the network side can transmit / map pilot signals at these six time-frequency points respectively. Correspondingly, the terminal side receives pilot signals at these six time-frequency points and performs channel measurement and estimation based on the pilot signals. The specific implementation of channel measurement and estimation can be referred to the relevant descriptions of existing schemes, which are not limited here.

[0192] In one implementation, channel reconstruction based on sparse pilot signals at the terminal can be simply referred to as sparse channel reconstruction. For example, the terminal performs channel reconstruction based on sparse pilot signals and multipath information (e.g., multipath angle, multipath delay, or multipath power). For instance, the terminal can combine prior multipath information with sparse channel measurement data, and utilize AI models (e.g., differentiable channel models) and gradient descent optimization to reconstruct the complete channel matrix. This can solve the problem of decreased reconstruction accuracy due to port sparsity caused by the lack of prior information in traditional channel reconstruction.

[0193] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a channel reconstruction process provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6, it includes the following steps; for parts not detailed herein, please refer to the relevant descriptions in existing solutions.

[0194] Step 1: The terminal side inputs the prior multipath information into the differentiable channel model.

[0195] For example, the sources of multipath information include at least one of the following: multipath prediction AI models (e.g., predicted based on the location and environment of the terminal), pre-stored multipath data corresponding to different geographical locations, and information shared by the communication peer (e.g., the network side).

[0196] For example, the multipath information includes at least one of the following: the number of multipaths, the angle of each path (e.g., AOA or AOD), the time delay of each path, the phase of each path, and the intensity information of each path. The multipath information for each path may contain errors.

[0197] Step 2: The terminal side converts the multipath information (e.g., time-frequency domain conversion) into a complete channel matrix that matches the current communication configuration (e.g., time domain, frequency domain, or spatial domain).

[0198] For example, a differentiable channel model supports gradient calculation on the input multipath information, that is, a differentiable channel model supports differentiable calculation on multipath information.

[0199] Step 3: The terminal side performs sparse channel measurements based on sparse pilot signals.

[0200] For example, the measurement dimensions of sparse pilot signals include at least one of the following: time domain, frequency domain, or spatial domain. For instance, the terminal side can perform sparse channel measurements in the time domain (e.g., sparse sampling time points, such as symbol 1, symbol 2, and symbol 8), the frequency domain (e.g., partial subcarriers, such as subcarrier 5 and subcarrier 9), or the spatial domain (e.g., partial antenna ports, such as antenna port 0 to antenna port 5), that is, the terminal side performs channel measurements on partial time-frequency spatial resources (e.g., 6 time-frequency points).

[0201] Understandably, the matrix dimension of a sparse channel (such as the second channel) is smaller than that of a complete channel (such as the first channel).

[0202] Step 4: The terminal side can perform loss calculation and gradient optimization.

[0203] Comparison method: The terminal side can compare the matrix elements of the sparse channel corresponding to sparse locations (e.g., some time and frequency points) with the matrix elements of the complete channel.

[0204] Loss function: The terminal side can calculate the normalized mean square error (NMSE) or cosine similarity of the matrix elements of the sparse channel and the matrix elements of the complete channel corresponding to sparse locations (e.g., some time and frequency points), and use the NMSE or cosine similarity as the loss function.

[0205] Multipath fine-tuning: The terminal side can fine-tune (or calibrate) multipath information using gradient descent, such as adjusting the delay, angle, phase, or intensity of each path. Gradient descent is an iterative method, including stochastic gradient descent and batch gradient descent. When solving for the minimum of the loss function, multiple iterations using gradient descent can be performed to obtain the minimized loss function and the fine-tuned multipath information.

[0206] Constraint Handling: Regularization can be introduced on the terminal side to ensure reasonable physical parameters, such as non-negative latency or angle spread within a certain range. Regularization is a common technique in machine learning and deep learning, primarily used to prevent overfitting and improve the model's generalization ability. Regularization adds a penalty term to the model's loss function, limiting the model's complexity and preventing the model from performing too well on training data but poorly on actual data.

[0207] Step 5: The terminal side can perform iterative convergence and channel reconstruction.

[0208] Termination condition: The error between the sparse part of the complete channel output by the differentiable channel model and the measured sparse channel is less than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0209] Output result: The complete channel matrix output after fine-tuning the multipath information is used as the channel reconstruction result.

[0210] For example, regarding the loss calculation in step 4 above, the terminal side can assess the correlation between the reconstructed channel and the measurement channel by calculating the cosine similarity of the channels. The specific process is shown below. For details not covered, please refer to the relevant descriptions of existing solutions.

[0211] (1) Ensure that the dimensions of the reconstructed channel matrix (Hrecon) and the measurement channel matrix (Hmeas) are consistent, both being multidimensional complex matrices.

[0212] (2) Calculate the inner product of two matrices, for example, take the complex conjugate of the measurement channel: P = Hrecon * (conjugate of Hmeas);

[0213] (3) Calculate the L2 norm of the two matrices respectively, for example, ||Hrecon|| and ||Hmeas||;

[0214] (4) Calculation of cosine similarity, for example, taking the absolute value of the inner product and dividing it by the product of the two norms, satisfies: cosine similarity=|P| / (||Hrecon||*||Hmeas||), the range of cosine similarity is [0,1], where the larger the value, the higher the correlation and the better the channel reconstruction effect; conversely, the smaller the value, the lower the correlation and the worse the channel reconstruction effect.

[0215] Understandably, sparse channel reconstruction based on sparse pilot signals can reduce dependence on dense reference signals and lower pilot overhead. Meanwhile, gradient optimization based on multipath information can avoid the "black box" problem and has wider applicability.

[0216] It is also understandable that after the channel reconstruction process described above is completed, the terminal can obtain the complete reconstructed channel. At this point, the terminal can calculate the precoding vector and feed back the PMI to the network. Optionally, to reduce feedback overhead, the terminal can compress the feedback of PMIs corresponding to different layers. For example, if feedback time #1 corresponds to two layers (e.g., layer 1 and layer 2), the terminal can send the precoding vector #1 corresponding to layer 1 and the deviation value at feedback time #1. This deviation value can be the difference between precoding vector #1 and precoding vector #2 corresponding to layer 2, and there is no limitation on this. In addition, the terminal can also send the fine-tuned multipath information to the network. It can be understood that this implementation can be regarded as a compressed feedback method of CSI, because the amount of multipath information required to send is less than the amount of data required to send the channel matrix. Correspondingly, the network can determine the channel matrix based on the feedback multipath information and then calculate the precoding vector.

[0217] It should be noted that when the exact multipath combination is unknown, the network side can improve the accuracy of channel reconstruction at the terminal side by indicating at least one multipath combination for blind detection. Channel reconstruction is used to calculate precoding vectors for subsequent MIMO communication. Once the terminal side determines a high-quality (meaning the reconstructed channel has good channel or communication quality) multipath combination (e.g., the first multipath combination) through channel reconstruction, it obtains the multipath information of the terminal's current location. This multipath information can be used by the network side to obtain communication configuration, reconstruct channels, locate the terminal, or determine multipath changes at the terminal side, facilitating subsequent network scheduling and improving communication performance.

[0218] In one possible implementation, before executing step S520, the terminal obtains information on at least one multipath combination. Below, examples illustrating how to obtain at least one multipath combination are provided, using methods one through three.

[0219] Method 1: At least one multipath combination is predefined or preconfigured.

[0220] For example, predefinition may include predefined features, such as protocol definitions. Preconfiguration can be achieved by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, functions, text, strings, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information on the terminal side and / or network side. This application does not limit the specific implementation method. In this case, the following methods two or three may not be executed, and there is no limitation on this.

[0221] Method 2: At least one multipath combination is configured or indicated by the network side via signaling.

[0222] For example, the network side sends first information to the terminal side, the first information being used to indicate at least one multipath combination, or in other words, to indicate blind detection of at least one multipath combination, or in other words, to indicate channel reconstruction based on at least one multipath combination; correspondingly, the terminal side receives the first information from the network side, and then determines at least one multipath combination.

[0223] Optionally, the first information may carry information about at least one multipath combination, such as the index / identifier (e.g., version number) corresponding to at least one multipath combination, and / or one or more multipath elements and their values ​​contained in each multipath combination of at least one multipath combination.

[0224] For example, the network side can determine information on at least one multipath combination based on at least one of the following: statistical information within the network-covered cell area, historical information from the terminal side, or other auxiliary information (e.g., information determined based on radio maps), and send the identifier / index corresponding to at least one multipath combination to the terminal side. The network side can also dynamically adjust the information on at least one multipath combination sent based on at least one of the following: service type, terminal speed, etc. For example, for a high-speed moving terminal, the network side can indicate a multipath combination containing more Doppler shift parameters to the terminal side. For instance, the network side can send a MultipathCombinationIndication message to the terminal side, which contains a list of MultipathCombinationIDs to be blindly detected, indicating at least one multipath combination.

[0225] Considering that radio maps can be divided into multiple regions, each with different multipath characteristics, the network side can pre-configure a set of possible multipath combinations based on the terminal's location region. This reduces the blind detection range of the terminal and improves detection efficiency. Specifically, a location-region-based multipath combination pre-configuration mechanism is introduced. The network side sends a list of multipath combinations for the corresponding region to the terminal based on the location information reported by the terminal or obtained through other positioning technologies. For example, the network side can send a RegionalMultipathCombinationConfiguration message to the terminal, which contains a LocationAreaID and a corresponding list of MultipathCombinationIDs. Correspondingly, the terminal can report its own location region information to the network side during initial access or when its location changes.

[0226] The specific implementation method for obtaining at least one multipath combination on the network side is not limited. For example, at least one multipath combination can be predefined or preconfigured, or it can be determined by the network side based on prior knowledge, or it can be indicated by the terminal side through signaling.

[0227] Method 3: At least one multipath combination is determined at the terminal side.

[0228] For example, the terminal side may determine at least one multipath combination based on its own capability information and / or prior knowledge, without limitation.

[0229] For ease of understanding, at least one combination involved in this application is illustrated in a table below, see Table 1. Optionally, at least one combination may also be implemented in the form of code, function, text, string, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information. This application does not limit the form of the at least one combination.

[0230] Table 1

[0231] As shown in Table 1, each index indicates a multipath combination. Assume a multipath combination includes the following multipath elements: angle, delay, and power. For example, index 0 corresponds to multipath combination #0, which includes angle #0, delay #0, and power #0; index 1 corresponds to multipath combination #1, which includes angle #1, delay #0, and power #1; index 2 corresponds to multipath combination #2, which includes angle #2, delay #2, and power #2; index 3 corresponds to multipath combination #3, which includes angle #3, delay #3, and power #3, and so on.

[0232] For example, corresponding to the above method two, when the network side indicates at least one multipath combination to the terminal side, it can indicate Table 1 through the first information, and / or carry one or more indexes / identifiers in Table 1 through the first information, and / or carry the specific multipath elements contained in multipath combinations such as multipath combination #0, multipath combination #1, multipath combination #2, and multipath combination #3 in Table 1 through the first information, without limitation.

[0233] It is understandable that Table 1 above is only an example given to facilitate understanding of the scheme, and other schemes are not excluded.

[0234] Optionally, this application does not specifically limit the number and type of multipath elements carried in the multipath combinations shown in Table 1.

[0235] Optionally, this application does not limit the number of correspondences in Table 1 (e.g., a row in the table), and may add or remove one or more rows. Optionally, Table 1 may be split into multiple independent tables. This application does not limit the splitting method. For example, the correspondences indicated by index 0 and index 1 in Table 1, as well as the correspondences indicated by index 2 and index 3, may be formed into new independent tables. For the sake of brevity, this will not be elaborated here.

[0236] S530, the terminal side sends or receives data based on the first precoding vector;

[0237] Correspondingly, the network side receives or sends data based on the first precoding vector.

[0238] The first precoding vector is determined based on the first reconstruction channel, which corresponds to the first multipath combination. The first multipath combination belongs to at least one multipath combination, and the first reconstruction channel belongs to at least one reconstruction channel.

[0239] It is understood that the technical solution of this application is applicable to both uplink and downlink transmission scenarios, and is not limited thereto. For example, in a downlink transmission scenario, the terminal receives downlink data from the network side based on the first precoding vector; in an uplink transmission scenario, the terminal sends uplink data to the network side based on the first precoding vector.

[0240] In this application, the indication information of the precoding vector may be the precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or the indication information of resource blocks related to precoding, such as the synchronization signal block index (SSB index), and its form is not limited. It is understood that the indication information of the precoding vector can be used to determine one or more of the following: precoding vector, precoding matrix, beam identifier / index (ID), or beam direction.

[0241] In this application, the first precoding vector corresponds to the first reconstruction channel, wherein the first precoding vector is determined based on the first reconstruction channel, and can be understood as follows:

[0242] This application does not limit the specific implementation method of obtaining the first precoding vector based on the first reconstructed channel on the terminal side. As one possible implementation method, the terminal side can perform singular value decomposition (SVD) on the first reconstructed channel H to obtain H=UΣV H Here, Σ is the singular value matrix, U and V are M×M and K×K matrices respectively, and the column vectors of V are the right singular vectors. For details not covered, please refer to existing related descriptions. Then, the terminal can sort the eigenvalues ​​(squared singular values) from largest to smallest and select the right singular vectors corresponding to the top K largest eigenvalues. The value of K can be determined by the channel rank, the number of data streams, or system resources, and K is a positive integer. Further, the terminal combines the determined right singular vectors into a precoding matrix and feeds it back to the network side, which then maps the K data streams onto multiple transmit antennas.

[0243] In one possible implementation, when the terminal sends data to the network based on the first precoding vector, the terminal can indicate the first precoding vector to the network to facilitate subsequent MIMO communication. Optionally, before performing step S530, the method further includes step S501 (not shown in the figure).

[0244] S501, the terminal sends the second information to the network side;

[0245] Correspondingly, the network side receives the second information from the terminal side.

[0246] The second information is used to indicate the first precoding vector.

[0247] Understandably, the first precoding vector fed back by the terminal, i.e., the uplink feedback precoding vector, can be used for subsequent downlink transmissions, such as when the network side performs scheduling based on the first precoding vector. Similarly, when the network side sends data to the terminal side based on the first precoding vector, i.e., the downlink feedback precoding vector, it can be used for subsequent uplink transmissions, such as when the terminal side performs scheduling based on the first precoding vector; there are no limitations on this.

[0248] In one possible implementation, after performing blind detection on at least one multipath combination, the terminal can feed back to the network side the first multipath combination and / or the first reconstruction performance corresponding to the first reconstructed channel with good channel quality, for subsequent scheduling by the network side. Optionally, the method further includes step S502 (not shown in the figure).

[0249] S502, the terminal sends third information to the network side;

[0250] Correspondingly, the network side receives third information from the terminal side.

[0251] The third information is used to indicate the first multipath combination and / or the first reconstruction performance.

[0252] For example, reconstruction performance (e.g., convergence speed, correlation of the reconstructed channel, mean-square error (MSE)) is used to indicate the performance / quality of the reconstructed channel. For instance, if the reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it indicates that the corresponding reconstructed channel is of good quality and the communication quality is good; if the reconstruction performance is less than the preset threshold, it indicates that the corresponding reconstructed channel is of poor quality and the communication quality is poor.

[0253] In this application, the first multipath combination corresponds to the first reconstruction performance, and the first reconstruction performance corresponds to the first reconstruction channel. The first reconstruction performance is determined based on the first reconstruction channel. It can be understood that the terminal side can determine at least one of the following based on the first reconstruction channel: the convergence speed, the correlation of the reconstruction channel, or the mean square error, that is, determine the performance of the first reconstruction channel.

[0254] For example, the first reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to a first threshold. That is, after blind detection, the terminal can determine the first reconstructed channel with better channel quality and report the first multipath combination and / or the first reconstruction performance corresponding to the first reconstructed channel to the network side, so as to facilitate subsequent scheduling by the network side and improve transmission performance. The first threshold can be predefined or preconfigured, or it can be indicated or configured by the network side according to signaling, and there is no limitation on it.

[0255] For example, the second reconstruction performance of the second multipath combination in at least one multipath combination is less than the first reconstruction performance, wherein the second multipath combination is any multipath combination other than the first multipath combination in at least one multipath combination. That is to say, the first reconstruction performance corresponding to the first reconstruction channel is optimal, or in other words, the performance of the first reconstruction channel is better than the performance of all other reconstruction channels. The terminal side feeds back the first multipath combination corresponding to the optimal channel quality to the network side, which facilitates subsequent scheduling by the network side and improves transmission performance.

[0256] In one possible implementation, after performing blind detection on at least one multipath combination, the terminal side can feed back at least one multipath combination and its reconstruction performance to the network side for subsequent scheduling by the network side. Optionally, the method further includes step S503 (not shown in the figure).

[0257] S503, the terminal sends the fourth information to the network side;

[0258] Correspondingly, the network side receives the fourth information from the terminal side.

[0259] The fourth piece of information indicates at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance, with a one-to-one correspondence between the at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance. That is, the terminal can report the performance of at least one multipath combination detected by blind detection and its corresponding at least one reconstruction channel to the network side. This allows the network side to indicate suitable one or more multipath combinations for channel reconstruction when other terminals subsequently access the network, improving the efficiency of channel reconstruction and system transmission performance. Optionally, the network side can also indicate a more accurate blind detection priority order to other terminals based on at least one reconstruction performance, facilitating effective blind channel detection by other terminals and improving the efficiency of blind detection.

[0260] Optionally, the third and fourth information mentioned above may be the same signaling or different signaling, and there is no limitation on this.

[0261] In one possible implementation, before the terminal performs blind detection or channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the network side can indicate the blind detection priority order of at least one multipath combination to the terminal side, facilitating effective blind detection and improving the efficiency of blind detection. Optionally, before performing step S520, the method further includes step S504 (not shown in the figure).

[0262] S504, the network side sends configuration information to the terminal side;

[0263] Correspondingly, the terminal receives configuration information from the network side.

[0264] The configuration information is used to indicate the priority order of blind detection for at least one multipath combination.

[0265] For example, the terminal side can perform blind detection and channel reconstruction on at least one multipath combination based on the reference signal according to the blind detection priority order indicated by the network side, so as to obtain at least one reconstructed channel. For the specific implementation of blind detection and channel reconstruction, please refer to the relevant description above. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described here again.

[0266] For example, the network side can assign priorities to at least one multipath combination to indicate the order in which the terminal performs blind detection. For example, the priority can be represented in the form of sequence, fraction, or probability, and this application does not specifically limit it. In this implementation, by introducing a dynamic priority adjustment mechanism, the network side can dynamically adjust the priority of subsequent multipath combinations based on the information fed back by the terminal side (e.g., the first reconstruction performance corresponding to the first multipath combination) to improve the efficiency and accuracy of channel reconstruction.

[0267] For example, the network side can send a MultipathCombinationIndication message to the terminal side. This message may contain a Priority field, which indicates the priority of each multipath combination in at least one multipath combination. The Priority field can be represented by an array, where each element corresponds to the priority of a multipath combination with a MultipathCombinationID.

[0268] In one possible implementation, before the terminal performs channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination, or in other words, before the terminal receives the first information from the network side, the terminal may report its own capability information to the network side. Optionally, before performing step S510, the method further includes step S505 (not shown in the figure).

[0269] S505, the terminal sends capability information to the network side;

[0270] Correspondingly, the network side receives capability information from the terminal side.

[0271] The capability information indicates at least one of the following: whether the terminal supports blind detection of multipath combinations; the maximum number of blind detections supported by the terminal for multipath combinations; or, the channel model supported by the terminal. The multipath combination is generated based on the channel model, and the specific implementation method is not limited.

[0272] For example, assuming the capability information reported by the terminal indicates that the maximum number of blind detections supported by the terminal for multipath combinations is 10, then the number of at least one multipath combination indicated by the network side through the first information is less than or equal to 10.

[0273] For example, the channel model supported by the terminal may be the Winner II model or the 3GPP TR 38.901 model, etc. The network side can select an appropriate channel model based on the network deployment scenario and the terminal's capability information, thereby generating at least one multipath combination. For instance, the network side can send a ChannelModelIndication message to the terminal to indicate the type of channel model used by the network side (e.g., Winner II or 3GPP TR 38.901). Correspondingly, the terminal side can send a UEChannelModelCapability message to the network side to indicate the type of channel model supported by the terminal. Optionally, the MultipathCombinationListResponse message sent by the network side to the terminal side may include a ChannelModelDependency field to indicate which channel model the multipath combination list is based on.

[0274] Furthermore, based on the terminal's capability information, the network side can configure at least one multipath combination for the terminal to improve the efficiency of blind channel detection and channel reconstruction on the terminal side.

[0275] For example, the terminal can send a UE MultipathCombinationCapability message to the network side. This message contains a Supported field and a MaxBlindDetectionNumber field. The Supported field indicates whether the terminal supports blind detection of multipath combinations, and the MaxBlindDetectionNumber field indicates the maximum number of blind detections that the terminal supports for multipath combinations.

[0276] Regarding the determination of terminal-side capability information, this application does not impose any limitations. In one implementation, the terminal can indicate whether it supports a capability by whether or not it reports the capability information. For example, if the terminal reports the capability information, it indicates that the terminal supports the capability indicated by the capability information; if the terminal does not report the capability information, it indicates that the terminal does not support the capability indicated by the capability information. In another implementation, the terminal can also indicate whether it supports a capability by reporting a parameter. For example, the size of the reporting parameter can be 1 bit, where bit "1" indicates that the terminal supports the capability, and bit "0" indicates that the terminal does not support the capability. Therefore, when the terminal reports bit "1", it means that the terminal supports the capability; when the terminal reports bit "0", it means that the terminal does not support the capability, and vice versa. In yet another implementation, if the terminal supports some capabilities indicated by the aforementioned capability information, then the terminal must also support other capabilities indicated by the capability information. That is, if the terminal does not report some other capabilities, it also means that the terminal supports those other capabilities. This application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, if the terminal-side capability information indicates the maximum number of blind detections that the terminal supports for multipath combinations, it means that the terminal supports blind detection for multipath combinations, and there is no limitation on this.

[0277] In one possible implementation, the network side maintains information on at least one multipath combination, which can be configured and updated via an operation and maintenance interface. Optionally, the method further includes steps S506-S508 (not shown in the figure).

[0278] S506, the network side sends an update message to the terminal side;

[0279] Correspondingly, the terminal receives update messages from the network side.

[0280] The update message is used to update at least one multipath combination. For example, at least one multipath combination corresponds to a first index (e.g., a first version number), and the update message includes a second index (e.g., a second version number).

[0281] S507, the terminal sends a request message to the network side;

[0282] Correspondingly, the network side receives request messages from the terminal side.

[0283] The request message is used to request information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second index.

[0284] S508, the network side sends a response message to the terminal side;

[0285] Correspondingly, the terminal receives a response message from the network side.

[0286] The response message includes information about at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second index.

[0287] For example, the network side can maintain at least one multipath combination, such as Table 1. A version number mechanism for the multipath combinations can be introduced, whereby the version number increments each time at least one multipath combination in Table 1 is updated. The terminal side can query the version number of the at least one multipath combination currently maintained by the network side through signaling messages and compare it with its local version number to determine whether the information of the at least one multipath combination locally needs to be updated. For example, the network side can send an RRC Reconfiguration message to the terminal side, which adds a MultipathCombinationListVersion field to indicate the version number of the at least one multipath combination currently maintained by the network side, such as v2. The terminal side can send a MultipathCombinationListRequest message to the network side to request information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to a specified version (e.g., v2). Correspondingly, the network side can send a MultipathCombinationListResponse message to the terminal side. This message contains information about at least one multipath combination corresponding to a specified version (e.g., v2). Optionally, this message can contain multiple MultipathCombinations, and each MultipathCombination can carry fields such as MultipathCombinationID, DelaySpread, PowerProfile, or AngularSpread, without limitation.

[0288] In one possible implementation, the network side can indicate to the terminal side the variation pattern and / or variation amount between at least one multipath combination, such as the variation amount between multipath elements contained in each multipath combination, so that the terminal side can determine the association and distinction between at least one multipath combination, perform blind detection more targetedly, and improve the efficiency of channel reconstruction. Optionally, the method further includes step S509 (not shown in the figure).

[0289] S509, the network side sends the fifth message to the terminal side;

[0290] Correspondingly, the terminal receives the fifth piece of information from the network side.

[0291] In one implementation, the fifth information is used to indicate the variation pattern and / or amount of variation among at least one multipath combination.

[0292] For example, the variation mode includes at least one of the following: increasing angle, increasing delay, increasing power; increasing angle, increasing delay, decreasing power; increasing angle, decreasing delay, increasing power; increasing angle, decreasing delay, decreasing power; decreasing angle, increasing delay, increasing power; decreasing angle, increasing delay, decreasing power; decreasing angle, decreasing delay, increasing power; or decreasing angle, decreasing delay, increasing power. In other words, the variation mode includes: at least one of the multipath angle, multipath delay, and multipath power increasing, or at least one of the multipath angle, multipath delay, and multipath power decreasing, without limitation.

[0293] Optionally, the variation mode can also apply to other multipath elements. For example, the intensity, number, AOA, or AOD of the multipath are not limited to this.

[0294] It should be noted that for highly correlated multipath combinations, the network side can send an initial multipath combination and its direction of change. The terminal side then generates a multipath combination sequence based on the direction of change and performs blind detection. For example, the network side sends an initial multipath combination and instructs the terminal side to increase the angle of the first path multiple times according to a certain angle, forming a sequence of multipath combinations. For instance, the network side can send a MultipathCombinationIndication message to the terminal side, which carries a ChangePattern field to indicate the change pattern and / or amount of change of at least one multipath combination.

[0295] In another implementation, the fifth piece of information is used to indicate the mapping relationship between at least one multipath combination and the first beam. That is, when the terminal receives the reference signal through the first beam, or in other words, when the terminal receives the first beam, it can determine the corresponding at least one multipath combination, and then perform blind detection and channel reconstruction on the at least one multipath combination based on the reference signal.

[0296] It should be noted that by utilizing the mapping relationship between beams and multipath combinations, the network side can provide the terminal side with information on at least one multipath combination based on the transmitted beam, thereby reducing the blind detection range of the terminal side and improving blind detection efficiency and channel reconstruction speed. For example, wide beams correspond to more multipath combinations, while narrow beams correspond to fewer multipath combinations. For example, the network side and / or the terminal side can store the mapping relationship between beams and multipath combinations. For instance, the network side can add a field to the beam indication signaling to indicate the identifier / index of at least one multipath combination associated with that beam.

[0297] In one possible implementation, the method further includes steps S511-S512 (not shown in the figure).

[0298] S511, the terminal sends an adjustment report message to the network side;

[0299] Correspondingly, the network side receives adjustment report messages from the terminal side.

[0300] The adjustment report message is used to indicate the parameter information corresponding to the first multipath combination. The parameter information includes at least one of the following: time delay deviation, angle deviation, or power deviation.

[0301] S512, the network side sends an adjustment confirmation message to the terminal side;

[0302] Correspondingly, the terminal receives an adjustment confirmation message from the network side.

[0303] The adjustment confirmation message includes information about at least one multipath combination after adjustment.

[0304] It should be noted that the update mechanism for at least one multipath combination mentioned above (e.g., Table 1) mainly targets static, predefined multipath combinations. In real-world environments, the multipath environment is dynamically changing. For example, changes in the surrounding environment (such as the demolition or construction of buildings, vegetation growth, etc.) may cause changes in multipath parameters. Therefore, a dynamic multipath combination adjustment mechanism based on terminal-side feedback is introduced. That is, after performing blind detection, the terminal can not only provide feedback on the identifier / index of the first multipath combination with good channel quality, but also feedback on parameter deviation information for reconstructing the channel (e.g., deviation in delay, power, or angle). Furthermore, the network side fine-tunes the information of at least one multipath combination based on the deviation information to improve the efficiency of blind detection and the accuracy of channel reconstruction.

[0305] For example, the terminal can send a MultipathCombinationAdjustmentReport message to the network, which includes a MultipathCombinationID field and a ParameterDelta field. The ParameterDelta field contains information such as delay offset, power offset, and angle offset. Correspondingly, the network can send a MultipathCombinationAdjustmentConfirmation message to the terminal, indicating that the network has received the adjustment report from the terminal. Optionally, this message may include information about at least one adjusted multipath combination.

[0306] In one possible implementation, the method further includes step S513 (not shown in the figure).

[0307] S513, the network side sends at least one prediction message corresponding to a multipath combination to the terminal side;

[0308] Correspondingly, the terminal receives prediction messages from the network side.

[0309] For example, the prediction message includes at least one of the following: prediction duration, predicted multipath combination sequence, or predicted model parameters, wherein the prediction message is determined based on the terminal's moving speed and / or moving direction.

[0310] It should be noted that user mobility affects the multipath environment. For example, when users move at high speeds, Doppler shift becomes more significant, and multipath delay changes more rapidly. Therefore, a multipath combination prediction mechanism based on user mobility is introduced. This means that the network side can predict the multipath combination change trend over a future period based on the user's moving speed and direction (which can be obtained through existing positioning or velocity estimation technologies), generate a multipath combination sequence or prediction model, and send relevant multipath combination information to the terminal side in advance.

[0311] For example, the network side can send a new MultipathCombinationPrediction message to the terminal side, which includes at least one of the following: prediction horizon, predicted multipath combination sequence, or prediction model parameters. The message may also include fields such as velocity and / or direction to indicate that the prediction message is determined based on this mobility information.

[0312] In one possible implementation, the network side may indicate to the terminal side the compression algorithm corresponding to at least one multipath combination of information. Optionally, the method may further include step S514 (not shown in the figure).

[0313] S514, the network side sends the sixth information to the terminal side;

[0314] Correspondingly, the terminal receives the sixth information from the network side.

[0315] The sixth piece of information indicates a compression algorithm corresponding to at least one multipath combination of information, wherein the compression algorithm includes differential coding and / or quantization.

[0316] It should be noted that if the information of at least one multipath combination (e.g., Table 1) is very large, directly transmitting the complete information of at least one multipath combination would require significant signaling overhead. Therefore, the network side can employ compression techniques to compress the information of multiple multipath combinations, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0317] For example, by introducing a compression representation method for multipath combination, the MultipathCombinationListResponse message sent from the network side to the terminal side includes a CompressionMethod field to indicate the compression algorithm used. Optionally, this message can include a MultipathCombination, in which different fields are used to represent multipath parameters depending on the compression algorithm. For instance, if the CompressionMethod field indicates differential coding, the MultipathCombination can transmit the difference from the previous multipath combination to reduce signaling overhead.

[0318] In one possible implementation, the terminal side can periodically indicate to the network side multipath combinations with reconstruction performance greater than or equal to a first threshold, facilitating effective scheduling by the network side. Optionally, the method further includes step S515 (not shown in the figure).

[0319] S515, the terminal sends the seventh information to the network side;

[0320] Correspondingly, the network side receives the seventh information from the terminal side.

[0321] The seventh information is used for periodically feeding back information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold; or, when the channel environment changes, the seventh information is used to actively trigger information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0322] It is understandable that the multipath combinations with reconstruction performance greater than or equal to the first threshold on the terminal side can be the same or different, and there is no limitation on this.

[0323] It should be noted that, to improve the reliability of feedback, stronger feedback and acknowledgment mechanisms can be introduced. For example, the terminal can periodically provide feedback on one or more multipath combinations with better current channel quality (e.g., the first multipath combination), or proactively trigger feedback when the channel environment changes significantly. After receiving feedback from the terminal, the network can send back an acknowledgment message to ensure correct information transmission.

[0324] For example, the terminal sends a PeriodicMultipathCombinationReport message to the network to periodically provide feedback on one or more multipath combinations with good channel quality (e.g., a first multipath combination). This message may include a ReportingInterval field to indicate the feedback period. Alternatively, the terminal sends a TriggeredMultipathCombinationReport message to the network to actively trigger feedback when there are significant changes in the channel environment. This message may include a TriggerReason field to indicate the triggering reason on the terminal side. Correspondingly, the network side may send a MultipathCombinationAdjustmentConfirmation message to the terminal side to confirm that it can acknowledge feedback messages for at least one multipath combination.

[0325] Based on this, to obtain multipath information about the terminal's location, a blind detection method for multipath combinations based on channel reconstruction is proposed. This method enables the determination of the wireless channel environment in which the terminal is located even without location information by blindly detecting at least one multipath combination. The terminal side compares the reconstruction effect or performance of at least one multipath combination and selects the multipath combination with the fastest convergence speed and most accurate reconstruction quality—that is, the first multipath combination that best matches the current channel environment. This selection is then fed back to the network side. After obtaining the first multipath combination, the network side can use information about similar multipath combinations in the radio map to infer the terminal's location and channel environment, and perform corresponding configurations such as large-scale MIMO precoding to improve communication performance.

[0326] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make simple substitutions or modifications to one or more steps of the above method 500 to achieve the same effect. Such simple modifications or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0327] It should be understood that in the various embodiments shown above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the sequence number of each step does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each step should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0328] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0329] In the above embodiments, exemplary descriptions are mainly based on devices in the current network architecture (such as terminal side, network side, etc.), and the specific form of the devices is not limited in the embodiments of this application. For example, devices that can achieve the same function in the future can also be applied to the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0330] It is understood that in the above-described method embodiments, the methods and operations implemented by the device (such as the terminal side, network side, etc.) can also be implemented by the device's components (such as chips or circuits).

[0331] The communication method embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to Figures 1 to 6. The communication device embodiments of this application will now be described in detail below with reference to Figures 7 and 8. It should be understood that the descriptions of the device embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments; therefore, any parts not described in detail can be referred to the preceding method embodiments. These devices can be used to implement the terminal-side or network-side functions of the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.

[0332] Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, the communication device 700 may include a processing module 710 and a communication module 720. Optionally, the communication device 700 may further include a storage module 730 for storing device program code and / or data. The processing module 710 may read instructions and / or data from the storage module 730 to enable the device to implement the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0333] In an optional embodiment, the communication device 700 can be used to implement the method executed by the terminal side in the embodiment shown in FIG5. For example, the processing module 710 is used to implement the processing steps executed by the terminal side in the embodiment shown in FIG5; the communication module 720 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving steps executed by the terminal side in the embodiment shown in FIG5.

[0334] For example, the processing module 710 is used to perform channel measurement based on the reference signal to obtain M first precoding vectors corresponding to M layers, and to perform channel measurement based on the reference signal to obtain N second precoding vectors corresponding to N layers, where M and N are both positive integers; the communication module 720 is used to send M first precoding vectors at a first feedback time, and to send N second precoding vectors at a second feedback time, where the first feedback time is before the second feedback time.

[0335] In an optional embodiment, the communication device 700 can be used to implement the method executed by the network side in the embodiment shown in FIG5. For example, the processing module 710 is used to implement the processing steps executed by the network side in the embodiment shown in FIG5; the communication module 720 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving steps executed by the network side in the embodiment shown in FIG5.

[0336] For example, the communication module 720 is used to transmit a reference signal; and to receive M first precoding vectors corresponding to M layers at a first feedback time, and to receive N second precoding vectors corresponding to N layers at a second feedback time, wherein the M first precoding vectors are obtained by channel measurement based on the reference signal, the N second precoding vectors are obtained by channel measurement based on the reference signal, the first feedback time is before the second feedback time, and M and N are both positive integers.

[0337] A more detailed description of the processing module 710 and the communication module 720 can be obtained directly from the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 5, and will not be repeated here.

[0338] Optionally, the communication module may also be referred to as a communication unit, transceiver module, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver device, input / output circuit, input / output interface, communication interface, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, or transceiver device, etc. The transceiver unit includes a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit; the transmitting unit may also be called an output unit, and the receiving unit may also be called an input unit. The processing module may also be referred to as a processor, processing board, processing unit, or processing device, etc. The storage module may also be referred to as a memory, storage unit, or storage device, etc. Optionally, the communication module is used to perform the sending and receiving operations on the terminal side or network side in the above method. The device in the communication module used to implement the receiving function can be considered as the receiving module, and the device in the communication module used to implement the sending function can be considered as the sending module; that is, the communication module may include a receiving module and a sending module.

[0339] In one possible design, the aforementioned processing module and / or communication module can be implemented as a virtual module. For example, the processing module can be implemented as a software functional unit or a virtual device, and the communication module can be implemented as a software function or a virtual device. In another possible design, the processing module or communication module can also be implemented as a physical device. For example, if the device is implemented using a chip / chip circuit, the communication module can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, performing input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operation) and output operations (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operation); the processing module can be an integrated processor, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit.

[0340] The module division in this embodiment is illustrative and represents only one logical functional division; in actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional modules in the various examples of this embodiment can be integrated into a single processor, exist as separate physical entities, or be integrated into a single module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0341] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the communication device 800 includes a processing circuit 810 and a communication circuit 820. The processing circuit 810 and the communication circuit 820 are coupled to each other.

[0342] It can be understood that the processing circuit 810 can be one or more processors, or it can be all or part of the processing functions of one or more processors.

[0343] It is understood that the communication circuit 820 can be one or more transceivers or input / output interfaces. Optionally, the transceiver may include a transmitter and / or a receiver, respectively implementing the transmission and reception operations in the embodiments; if the transceiver is an input / output interface, then it transmits the corresponding output and receives the corresponding input.

[0344] Optionally, the communication device 800 may further include one or more memories 830 for storing instructions executed by the processing circuit 810, or storing input data required for the running instructions of the processing circuit 810, or storing data generated after the running instructions of the processing circuit 810.

[0345] It is understood that the memory 830 may be located outside the processing circuit 810, or inside the processing circuit 810.

[0346] As an example, the processing circuit 810 is used to implement the function of the processing module 710 in FIG7 above, the communication circuit 820 is used to implement the function of the communication module 720 in FIG7 above, and the memory 830 is used to implement the function of the storage module 730 in FIG7 above.

[0347] As an example, the communication device 800 can be a terminal side or a network side, or it can be a chip applied to the terminal side or the network side.

[0348] When the communication device 800 is a terminal side or a network side, the communication circuit can be a transceiver; when the communication device 800 is a chip, the communication circuit can be an input / output circuit, a bus, pins, or other types of communication interfaces, wherein the input circuit in the input / output circuit can be used for receiving, and the output interface can be used for transmitting.

[0349] This application also provides a computer program product that, when run on a processor, can implement the communication method executed by the terminal side or the communication method executed by the network side in the above method embodiments.

[0350] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium containing computer instructions that, when executed on a processor, can implement the communication method executed by the terminal side or the communication method executed by the network side in the above method embodiments.

[0351] This application also provides a communication system, including the aforementioned terminal side and network side. The terminal side can be used to implement the communication method implemented by the terminal side in the above method embodiments, and the network side can be used to implement the communication method implemented by the network side in the above method embodiments.

[0352] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be any of the following devices or all or part of the circuitry used for processing functions: a central processing unit (CPU), a processor for AI, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0353] For example, the processor used for AI can be one or more of the following: graphics processing unit (GPU), neural processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), and data processing unit (DPU).

[0354] For example, a processor for AI may include one or more of the following: an AI core, a digital vision pre-processing (DVPP) module, a task scheduler (TS), an L3 cache, an AI CPU, a control CPU, an L2 cache, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a network interface card (NIC), a peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) interface (PCIe is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard), a double data rate (DDR) / high bandwidth memory (HBM) interface, a generation purpose input / output (GPIO) / inter-integrated circuit (I2C) bus, etc. It is understood that the specific meanings of these terms are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0355] The terms “unit”, “module”, etc., used in this specification may be used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or software in execution.

[0356] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0357] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0358] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0359] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0360] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0361] In the above embodiments, the functions of each functional unit can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions (or programs). When the computer program instructions (or programs) are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0362] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0363] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Channel reconstruction is performed based on a reference signal and at least one multipath combination to obtain at least one reconstructed channel; Data is transmitted or received based on a first precoding vector, which is determined according to a first reconstruction channel. The first reconstruction channel corresponds to a first multipath combination, which belongs to at least one multipath combination, and the first reconstruction channel belongs to at least one reconstruction channel.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to performing channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the method further includes: Receive first information, the first information being used to indicate the at least one multipath combination; or, The at least one multipath combination is predefined.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Before sending or receiving data based on the first precoding vector, the method further includes: Send a second message, which is used to indicate the first precoded vector.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: A third message is sent, which indicates the first multipath combination and / or the first reconstruction performance, the first reconstruction performance being determined based on the first reconstruction channel.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second reconstruction performance of the second multipath combination in the at least one multipath combination is less than the first reconstruction performance, wherein the second multipath combination is any multipath combination other than the first multipath combination in the at least one multipath combination.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: A fourth message is sent, which indicates the at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance, wherein the at least one multipath combination and the at least one reconstruction performance correspond one-to-one, and the at least one reconstruction performance is determined based on the at least one reconstruction channel.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The at least one multipath combination is determined based on one or more of the following: the terminal's service type, the terminal's moving speed, the terminal's location information, or channel measurement results.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Prior to performing channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the method further includes: Receive configuration information, which is used to indicate the blind detection priority order of the at least one multipath combination.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Prior to performing channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and at least one multipath combination, the method further includes: The capability information of the transmitting terminal, the capability information being used to indicate at least one of the following: The terminal supports blind detection of multipath combinations; The terminal supports a maximum number of blind detections for multipath combinations; or... The terminal supports the following channel models; The multipath combination is generated based on the channel model.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive an update message, which is used to update the at least one multipath combination.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The at least one multipath combination corresponds to a first index, the update message includes a second index, and the method further includes: Send a request message, the request message being used to request information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second index; A response message is received, the response message including information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second index.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive fifth information, the fifth information being used to indicate the variation pattern and / or amount of variation among the at least one multipath combination; The change pattern includes at least one of the following: Angle increases, time delay increases, power increases; Angle increases, time delay increases, power decreases; Angle increases, delay decreases, power increases; Angle increases, delay decreases, power decreases; Decreasing angle, increasing time delay, increasing power; decreasing angle, increasing time delay, decreasing power. Decreasing angle, decreasing time delay, increasing power; or decreasing angle, decreasing time delay, increasing power.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send an adjustment report message, which is used to indicate the parameter information corresponding to the first multipath combination. The parameter information includes at least one of the following: time delay deviation, angle deviation, or power deviation. Receive an adjustment confirmation message, the adjustment confirmation message including information on at least one adjusted multipath combination.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a prediction message corresponding to the at least one multipath combination, the prediction message including at least one of the following: prediction duration, predicted multipath combination sequence, or predicted model parameters; The prediction message is determined based on the terminal's moving speed and / or moving direction.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive sixth information, the sixth information being used to indicate the compression algorithm corresponding to the information of the at least one multipath combination, the compression algorithm including differential coding and / or quantization.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a seventh message, which is used to periodically feed back information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to a first threshold; or, when the channel environment changes, the seventh message is used to actively trigger feedback of information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

17. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Send a reference signal; Data is received or transmitted based on a first precoding vector, which is determined according to a first reconstruction channel. The first reconstruction channel corresponds to a first multipath combination, which belongs to at least one multipath combination. The first reconstruction channel belongs to at least one reconstruction channel, which is obtained by channel reconstruction based on the reference signal and the at least one multipath combination.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, Before receiving or transmitting data based on the first precoding vector, the method further includes: Send a first message, the first message being used to indicate the at least one multipath combination; or, The at least one multipath combination is predefined.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, Before receiving or transmitting data based on the first precoding vector, the method further includes: Receive second information, which is used to indicate the first precoded vector.

20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive third information, the third information being used to indicate the first multipath combination and / or the first reconstruction performance, the first reconstruction performance being determined based on the first reconstruction channel.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The second reconstruction performance of the second multipath combination in the at least one multipath combination is less than the first reconstruction performance, wherein the second multipath combination is any multipath combination other than the first multipath combination in the at least one multipath combination.

22. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate the at least one multipath combination and at least one reconstruction performance, the at least one multipath combination and the at least one reconstruction performance being in one-to-one correspondence, the at least one reconstruction performance being determined based on the at least one reconstruction channel.

23. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that, The at least one multipath combination is determined based on one or more of the following: the terminal's service type, the terminal's moving speed, the terminal's location information, or channel measurement results.

24. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that, The second reconstruction performance of the second multipath combination in the at least one multipath combination is less than the first reconstruction performance, wherein the second multipath combination is any multipath combination other than the first multipath combination in the at least one multipath combination.

25. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that, The first reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

26. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send configuration information, which is used to indicate the blind detection priority order of the at least one multipath combination.

27. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 26, characterized in that, Before sending the first message, the method further includes: The capability information of the receiving terminal is used to indicate at least one of the following: The terminal supports blind detection of multipath combinations; The terminal supports a maximum number of blind detections for multipath combinations; or... The terminal supports the following channel models; The multipath combination is generated based on the channel model.

28. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 27, characterized in that, The at least one multipath combination corresponds to the first version number, and the method further includes: Send an update message, the update message being used to update the at least one multipath combination, the update message including a second version number; Receive a request message, the request message being used to request information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second version number; Send a response message, the response message including information on at least one multipath combination corresponding to the second version number.

29. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 28, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a fifth message, the fifth message being used to indicate the variation pattern and / or amount of variation between the at least one multipath combination, or the fifth message being used to indicate the mapping relationship between the at least one multipath combination and the first beam; The change pattern includes at least one of the following: Angle increases, time delay increases, power increases; Angle increases, time delay increases, power decreases; Angle increases, delay decreases, power increases; Angle increases, delay decreases, power decreases; Decreasing angle, increasing time delay, increasing power; decreasing angle, increasing time delay, decreasing power. Decreasing angle, decreasing time delay, increasing power; or decreasing angle, decreasing time delay, increasing power.

30. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 29, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive an adjustment report message, the adjustment report message being used to indicate parameter information corresponding to the first multipath combination, the parameter information including at least one of the following: time delay deviation, angle deviation, or power deviation; Send an adjustment confirmation message, which includes information about at least one adjusted multipath combination.

31. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 30, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send at least one prediction message corresponding to a multipath combination, the prediction message including at least one of the following: prediction duration, predicted multipath combination sequence, or predicted model parameters; The prediction message is determined based on the terminal's moving speed and / or moving direction.

32. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 31, characterized in that, The method further includes: A sixth message is sent, which indicates the compression algorithm corresponding to the information of the at least one multipath combination, the compression algorithm including differential coding and / or quantization.

33. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 32, characterized in that, The method further includes: The seventh information is received, which is used to periodically feed back information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to a first threshold; or, when the channel environment changes, the seventh information is used to actively trigger feedback information on multipath combinations whose reconstruction performance is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

34. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A module or unit for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16, or a module or unit for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 17 to 33.

35. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes at least one processor, said at least one processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions to cause the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16 to be performed, or to cause the method as described in any one of claims 17 to 33 to be performed.

36. The communication device according to claim 35, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a memory for storing the computer program or instructions.

37. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 33 to be implemented.

38. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 33 is implemented.

39. A communication system, characterized in that, Includes means for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16, and means for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 17 to 33.

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