Treating cancer with Anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/080130
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-02-26
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-03
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Figure PCTCN2026080130-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2026080130-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2026080130-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
TREATING CANCER WITH ANTI-CDH6 ANTIBODY DRUG CONJUGATES
[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0002] This application claims priority to International Application No. PCT / CN2025 / 079284, filed on February 26, 2025, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0003] REFERENCE TO AN ELECTRONIC SEQUENCE LISTING
[0004] The contents of the electronic sequence listing (345522.00301SeqList. xml; Size: 99,340 bytes; and Date of Creation: January 30, 2026) is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0005] This invention relates to methods for treating uterine cancer with anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0006] Cadherin-6 (CDH6) is a type II cadherin with five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. In probing for normal tissue expression, CDH6 was detected in brain, cerebellum, and kidney, with weaker expression in the lung, pancreas, and gastric mucosa. In the nervous system, CDH6 was found to demarcate the auditory and somatosensory systems. It was demonstrated that CDH6 is expressed by a subset of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the eye responsible for such vision qualities as brightness, direction of motion or edges. CDH6 is specifically overexpressed at tumor sites in some types of human adult cancers. The correlation of CDH6 expression with poor prognosis and its applicability as a tumor marker has been reported with respect to human renal cell carcinoma, particularly, renal clear cell carcinoma and papillary renal cell carcinoma. The high expression of CDH6 has also been reported with respect to human ovarian cancer. It has also been reported that CDH6 is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human thyroid cancer.
[0007] Cancers are still a major cause of death. Although the number of cancer patients is expected to increase with the aging of the population, treatment needs have not yet been sufficiently satisfied. In recent years, more selective molecular target drugs or antibody drugs have been developed, targeting molecules that exhibit mutations or a high expression characteristic in cancer cells, or specific molecules involved in malignant transformation of cells. Antibody drug conjugates ( “ADCs” ) have been used for the local delivery of cytotoxic agents in the treatment of cancer. ADCs allow targeted delivery of a drug moiety where maximum efficacy with minimal toxicity may be achieved. However, attrition of ADCs during clinical development remains high, and there is a very limited number of known anti-CDH6 ADCs available.
[0008] Therefore, there remains a need for improved methods for treating cancers, particularly using anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] This disclosure addresses the need mentioned above in a number of aspects. In one aspect, this disclosure provides a method of treating CDH6-positive uterine cancer in a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate comprises an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof and an active moiety conjugated to the anti-CDH6 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof.
[0010] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:
[0011] (a) three heavy chain complementarity determining regions (HCDRs) (HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3) comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3, and 4; and three light chain CDRs (LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3) comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7;
[0012] (b) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, and 4; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7;
[0013] (c) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 9, and 10; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11, 12, and 13;
[0014] (d) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 9, and 10; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11, 12, and 13;
[0015] (e) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 89, 90, and 91; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 92, 93, and 94; or
[0016] (f) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 97, 98, and 99; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 100, 101, and 102.
[0017] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises: HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3, and 4; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7.
[0018] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:
[0019] (a) a heavy chain variable region (HCVR) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27; and a light chain variable region (LCVR) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34;
[0020] (b) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23;
[0021] (c) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46;
[0022] (d) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 66 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 66; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68;
[0023] (e) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69;
[0024] (f) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96; or
[0025] (g) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104.
[0026] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34.
[0027] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:
[0028] (a) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 76;
[0029] (b) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 72 and 73;
[0030] (c) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 80 and 81;
[0031] (d) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 85 and 86; or
[0032] (e) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 87 and 88;
[0033] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 76.
[0034] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises an antibody heavy chain constant region that comprises a constant region derived from human IgG. In some embodiments, the antibody heavy chain constant region comprises a constant region derived from human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4. In some embodiments, the antibody heavy chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70.
[0035] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises an antibody light chain constant region that comprises a human Igκ constant region or a human Igλ constant region. In some embodiments, the antibody light chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71.
[0036] In some embodiments, the CDH6 is a human CDH6.
[0037] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a monoclonal antibody, a polyclonal antibody, a dimer, a polymer, a multispecific antibody, an intact antibody, a human antibody, a humanized antibody, or a chimeric antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
[0038] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a Fab, a Fab’ , an Fv fragment, a F (ab’ ) 2, a scFv, a di-scFv, a dAb, or a combination thereof.
[0039] In some embodiments, the active moiety comprises a drug moiety, a label, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the drug moiety is selected from the group consisting of a cytotoxic agent, a cytokine, a nucleic acid, a nucleic acid-associated molecule, a radionuclide, a chemokine, an immuno (co) -stimulatory molecule, an immunosuppressive molecule, a death ligand, an apoptosis-inducing protein, a kinase, a prodrug-converting enzyme, a RNase, an agonistic antibody or antibody fragment, an antagonistic antibody or antibody fragment, a growth factor, a hormone, a coagulation factor, a fibrinolytic protein, peptides mimicking these, and a fragment thereof, a fusion protein thereof, and a derivative thereof.
[0040] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent comprises a microtubule-disrupting drug, a DNA-damaging agent, a tubulin inhibitor, a topoisomerase inhibitor, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent comprises a topoisomerase I inhibitor. In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent comprises camptothecin or a derivative thereof.
[0041] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent comprises the structure set forth below:
[0042] a tautomer thereof, a mesomer thereof, a racemate thereof, an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a combination thereof.
[0043] In some embodiments, the label is selected from the group consisting of a radiolabel, a fluorophore, a chromophore, an imaging agent, and a metal ion.
[0044] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is defined by:
[0045] Ab- (L- (D) m) n,
[0046] wherein Ab is the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment; L is a linker; D is the drug moiety; m is an integer from 1 to 8; and n is any number from 1 to 10.
[0047] In some embodiments, the linker is a cleavable linker or a non-cleavable linker. In some embodiments, the linker comprises a cleavable peptide. In some embodiments, the cleavable peptide is cleavable by an enzyme. In some embodiments, the enzyme comprises Cathepsin B.
[0048] In some embodiments, the linker comprises an amino acid unit. In some embodiments, the amino acid unit comprises a dipeptide, a tripeptide, a tetrapeptide, or a pentapeptide. In some embodiments, the amino acid unit is selected from: Val‐Cit, Val‐Ala, Glu‐Val‐Cit, Ala‐Ala‐Asn, Gly-Val-Cit, Gly-Gly-Gly, and Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly.
[0049] In some embodiments, the linker comprises a spacer. In some embodiments, the spacer comprises a self-immolative spacer. In some embodiments, a self-immolative spacer comprises p-aminobenzoxy carbonyl (PABC) or p-aminobenzyl (PAB) . In some embodiments, the cleavable peptide is directly spliced to the spacer.
[0050] In some embodiments, the linker comprises: -Val‐Cit-PABC-, -Val‐Ala-PABC-, -Glu‐Val‐Cit‐PABC-, -Ala‐Ala‐Asn‐PABC-, -Gly-Val-Cit‐PABC-, -Gly-Gly-Gly‐PABC-, -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-PABC-, -Val‐Cit-PAB-, -Val‐Ala-PAB-, -Glu‐Val‐Cit‐PAB-, -Ala‐Ala‐Asn‐PAB-, -Gly-Val-Cit‐PAB-, -Gly-Gly-Gly‐PAB-, or -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-PAB-.
[0051] In some embodiments, the spacer comprises the structure set forth in -NH- (CH2) n1-La-Lb-Lc-, wherein La denotes -O-or a single bond; Lb denotes -CR2 (-CR3) -or a single bond, and wherein R2 and R3 each independently denote C1~C6 alkyl, - (CH2) na-NH2, - (CH2) nb-COOH or - (CH2) nc-OH, n1 denotes an integer from 0 to 6, na, nb, and nc each independently denote an integer from 1 to 4, but R2 and R3 are not the same when na is 0, and Lc denotes -C (=O) -.
[0052] In some embodiments, the spacer comprises -NH- (CH2) 3-C (=O) -, -NH-CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -, or -NH- (CH2) 2-O-CH2-C (=O) -.
[0053] In some embodiments, the linker comprises the structure shown in -L1-L2-L3-, where L1 denotes - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) - (CH2) n2-C (=O) -, -CH2-C (=O) -NH- (CH2) n3-C (=O) -, or -C (=O) - (CH2) n4-C (=O) -, and where n2 denotes an integer from 2 to 8, n3 denotes an integer from 1 to 8, and n4 denotes an integer from 1 to 8; L2 denotes an amino acid unit; L3 denotes a self-degradable spacer.
[0054] In some embodiments, the linker is selected from:
[0055] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0056] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0057] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-PABC-;
[0058] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0059] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0060] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0061] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0062] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0063] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0064] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0065] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0066] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0067] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0068] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0069] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0070] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0071] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0072] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0073] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0074] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0075] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0076] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0077] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-PABC-;
[0078] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0079] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2o-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0080] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0081] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0082] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0083] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0084] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0085] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0086] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0087] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0088] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0089] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0090] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0091] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0092] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0093] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -; and
[0094] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -.
[0095] In some embodiments, the p-aminobenzoxy carbonyl (PABC) or p-aminobenzyl (PAB) comprises a polysarcosine (poly-N-methylglycine) residue.
[0096] In some embodiments, the linker is selected from the following structure:
[0097] wherein n5 denotes an integer from 0 to 20.
[0098] In some embodiments, n5 denotes an integer from 1 to 15.
[0099] In some embodiments, the linker is selected from:
[0100] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is selected from:
[0101] wherein n is an integer from 1 to 10. In some embodiments, n is an integer from 2 to 9.
[0102] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is CUSP06.
[0103] In some embodiments, the subject is a human. In some embodiments, the uterine cancer comprises one or more cells expressing the CDH6. In some embodiments, the uterine cancer comprises one or more mutated cells that originate in the uterus. In some embodiments, the uterine cancer is endometrial cancer or uterine sarcoma. In some embodiments, the endometrial cancer is an adenocarcinoma, uterine carcinosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, transitional carcinoma, uterine clear cell carcinoma, or serous carcinoma. In some embodiments, the uterine sarcoma is an adenosarcoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) , endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) , or undifferentiated sarcoma. In one embodiment, the endometrial cancer is endometrioid adenocarcinoma. In some embodiments, the uterine cancer is: a Stage I, Stage II, Stage III, or Stage IV uterine cancer. In one embodiment, the uterine cancer is metastatic uterine cancer.
[0104] In some embodiments, the method comprises administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 0.1 mg / kg to about 50 mg / kg per the body weight of the subject. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 0.2 mg / kg to about 10 mg / kg per the body weight of the subject.
[0105] In some embodiments, the method comprises administering the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate to the subject twice daily, once daily, once every 2 days, once every 3 days, once every 5 days, once every week, once every two weeks, once every three weeks, once every month, once every two months, or once every three months. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate to the subject once every three weeks. In some embodiments, the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is administered to the subject until disease progression, toxicity, withdrawal of consent for treatment (their own request to stop) or physician decision.
[0106] In some embodiments, the method comprises administering to the subject an additional therapeutic agent or therapy. In some embodiments, the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises a chemotherapy, an immunotherapy, a radiation therapy, or a surgical procedure.
[0107] In some embodiments, the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, a programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, progesterone, or a chemotherapy.
[0108] In some embodiments, the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises one or more of dostarlimab-gxly, durvalumab, pembrolizumab, lenvatinib mesylate, megestrol acetate, or carboplatin-taxol.
[0109] The foregoing summary is not intended to define every aspect of the disclosure, and additional aspects are described in other sections, such as the following detailed description. The entire document is intended to be related as a unified disclosure, and it should be understood that all combinations of features described herein are contemplated, even if the combination of features is not found together in the same sentence, paragraph, or section of this document. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating specific embodiments of the disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, because various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0110] FIG. 1 is a graph of the effect of test articles on tumor volume in the UT3705 PDX model using female balb / c nude mice. Vehicle and IgG-ADC serve as negative controls. i.v. indicates intravenous.
[0111] FIG. 2 is a graph of the effect of test articles on mice body weight change in the UT3705 mouse model. Vehicle and IgG-ADC serve as negative controls. i.v. indicates intravenous.
[0112] FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of test articles on relative mice body weight changes in the UT3705 mouse model. Vehicle and IgG-ADC serve as negative controls. i.v. indicates intravenous.
[0113] FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of test articles on tumor volume in the UT5326 PDX cancer mouse model. SEM: standard error of the mean.
[0114] FIG. 5 shows graphs of the effects of test articles on body weight in the UT5326 PDX cancer mouse model. SEM: standard error of the mean.
[0115] FIG. 6 shows graphs of the effects of test articles as a single agent on relative body weight change in the UT5326 PDX cancer mouse model. SEM: standard error of the mean.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0116] The present disclosure is based in part on an unexpected discovery that the disclosed anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates are effective in treating uterine cancer. There are two types of uterine cancer: endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma. Uterine cancer includes, but is not limited to endometroid adenocarcinoma, uterine papillary serous carcinoma, uterine clear cell carcinoma, uterine carcinosarcoma, and uterine sarcoma. Generally, surgery is a common treatment for uterine cancer such as hysterectomy. However, such procedures are invasive and associated with numerous complications. Accordingly, this disclosure provides novel and much-needed methods for treating uterine cancer.
[0117] Methods of Treating Uterine Cancer Using Anti-CDH6 ADCs
[0118] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a method of treating CDH6-positive uterine cancer in a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate comprises an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof and an active moiety conjugated to the anti-CDH6 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof.
[0119] As used herein, the term “Cadherin 6” or “CDH6” refers to a single-pass transmembrane protein composed of 790 amino acids, which is classified into the type II cadherin family, and this protein has N-terminal extracellular and C-terminal intracellular domains. The human CDH6 gene was cloned for the first time in 1995, and its sequence can be referred to under, for example, accession Nos. NM_004932 and NP_004923 (NCBI) . Moreover, a protein that consists of an amino acid sequence comprising a substitution, deletion, and / or addition of one or several amino acids in the above-described amino acid sequence of CDH6 is also included within the term “CDH6. ” Such a protein may have a biological activity equivalent to that of the CDH6 protein. In some embodiments, the CDH6 is a human CDH6.
[0120] As used herein, the terms “anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate” and “CDH6-targeted antibody drug conjugate” are used interchangeably.
[0121] As used herein, the term “CDH6 positive cancer, ” “CDH6 expressing cancer, ” “CDH6 expressing tumor, ” or “CDH6 positive tumor” refers to a tumor that expresses CDH6 and / or a mutant form of CDH6 on the surface of tumor cells.
[0122] In some embodiments, CDH6-positive cancer is CDH6-positive uterine cancer. In some embodiments, the uterine cancer may include one or more cells expressing the CDH6. Uterine cancer can be one of two types: endometrial cancer or uterine sarcoma. Endometrial cancer begins in the endometrium, which is the layer of cells that form the lining of the uterus. In some embodiments, endometrial cancer is an adenocarcinoma, uterine carcinosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, transitional carcinoma, uterine clear cell carcinoma, uterine papillary serous carcinoma, or serous carcinoma. Specific types of endometrial adenocarcinomas include, but are not limited to clear-cell carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, dedifferentiated carcinoma, and serous adenocarcinoma. In one embodiment, the endometrial cancer is endometrioid adenocarcinoma. In some embodiments, the endometrial cancer is: a Stage I, Stage IA, Stage IB, Stage II, Stage III, Stage IIIA, Stage IIIB, Stage IIIC1, Stage IIIC2, Stage IVA, or Stage IVB endometrial cancer.
[0123] Uterine sarcoma is rare and extremely difficult to treat. Uterine sarcoma begins in the myometrium (muscle layer) or supporting connective tissue of the uterus. In some embodiments, uterine sarcoma is an adenosarcoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) , endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) , or undifferentiated sarcoma. In some embodiments, the uterine sarcoma is: a Stage I, Stage IA, Stage IB, Stage II, Stage IIIA, Stage IIIB, Stage IIIC, Stage IVA, or Stage IVB uterine sarcoma.
[0124] In some embodiments, the uterine cancer may include one or more mutated cells that originate in the uterus.
[0125] In some embodiments, the uterine cancer is: a Stage I, Stage II, Stage III, or Stage IV uterine cancer. In some embodiments, the uterine cancer is metastatic uterine cancer.
[0126] In one embodiment, the subject’s tumors are tested for CDH6 expression. CDH6 expression can be tested using methods known in the art such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) . The subject can be tested before, during, or after the treatment.
[0127] In the present application, the term “subject” includes human and non-human animals. Non-human animals include all vertebrates, e.g., mammals and non-mammals, such as non-human primates, sheep, dogs, cows, chickens, amphibians, and reptiles. Except when noted, the terms “patient” or “subject” are used herein interchangeably. In some embodiments, the subject is a human.
[0128] Dosage and Dosing Regimen
[0129] In some embodiments, the method may include administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 0.1 mg / kg to about 50 mg / kg (e.g., 0.1 mg / kg, 0.2 mg / kg, 0.3 mg / kg, 0.4 mg / kg, 0.5 mg / kg, 0.6 mg / kg, 0.7 mg / kg, 0.8 mg / kg, 0.9 mg / kg, 1 mg / kg, 1.5 mg / kg, 2 mg / kg, 2.5 mg / kg, 3 mg / kg, 3.5 mg / kg, 4 mg / kg, 4.5 mg / kg, 5 mg / kg, 5.5 mg / kg, 6 mg / kg, 6.5 mg / kg, 7 mg / kg, 7.5 mg / kg, 8 mg / kg, 8.5 mg / kg, 9 mg / kg, 9.5 mg / kg, 10 mg / kg, 10.5 mg / kg, 11 mg / kg, 11.5 mg / kg, 12 mg / kg, 12.5 mg / kg, 13 mg / kg, 13.5 mg / kg, 14 mg / kg, 14.5 mg / kg, 15 mg / kg, 15.5 mg / kg, 16 mg / kg, 16.5 mg / kg, 17 mg / kg, 17.5 mg / kg, 18 mg / kg, 18.5 mg / kg, 19 mg / kg, 19.5 mg / kg, 20 mg / kg, 20.5 mg / kg, 21 mg / kg, 21.5 mg / kg, 22 mg / kg, 22.5 mg / kg, 23 mg / kg, 23.5 mg / kg, 24 mg / kg, 24.5 mg / kg, 25 mg / kg, 25.5 mg / kg, 26 mg / kg, 26.5 mg / kg, 27 mg / kg, 27.5 mg / kg, 28 mg / kg, 28.5 mg / kg, 29 mg / kg, 29.5 mg / kg, 30 mg / kg, 30.5 mg / kg, 31 mg / kg, 31.5 mg / kg, 32 mg / kg, 32.5 mg / kg, 33 mg / kg, 33.5 mg / kg, 34 mg / kg, 34.5 mg / kg, 35 mg / kg, 35.5 mg / kg, 36 mg / kg, 36.5 mg / kg, 37 mg / kg, 37.5 mg / kg, 38 mg / kg, 38.5 mg / kg, 39 mg / kg, 39.5 mg / kg, 40 mg / kg, 40.5 mg / kg, 41 mg / kg, 41.5 mg / kg, 42 mg / kg, 42.5 mg / kg, 43 mg / kg, 43.5 mg / kg, 44 mg / kg, 44.5 mg / kg, 45 mg / kg, 45.5 mg / kg, 46 mg / kg, 46.5 mg / kg, 47 mg / kg, 47.5 mg / kg, 48 mg / kg, 48.5 mg / kg, 49 mg / kg, 49.5 mg / kg, 50 mg / kg) per the body weight of the subject.
[0130] In some embodiments, the method may include administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 0.1 mg / kg to about 10 mg / kg (0.1 mg / kg, 0.2 mg / kg, 0.3 mg / kg, 0.4 mg / kg, 0.5 mg / kg, 0.6 mg / kg, 0.7 mg / kg, 0.8 mg / kg, 0.9 mg / kg, 1 mg / kg, 1.1 mg / kg, 1.2 mg / kg, 1.3 mg / kg, 1.4 mg / kg, 1.5 mg / kg, 1.6 mg / kg, 1.7 mg / kg, 1.8 mg / kg, 1.9 mg / kg, 2 mg / kg, 2.1 mg / kg, 2.2 mg / kg, 2.3 mg / kg, 2.4 mg / kg, 2.5 mg / kg, 2.6 mg / kg, 2.7 mg / kg, 2.8 mg / kg, 2.9 mg / kg, 3 mg / kg, 3.1 mg / kg, 3.2 mg / kg, 3.3 mg / kg, 3.4 mg / kg, 3.5 mg / kg, 3.6 mg / kg, 3.7 mg / kg, 3.8 mg / kg, 3.9 mg / kg, 4 mg / kg, 4.1 mg / kg, 4.2 mg / kg, 4.3 mg / kg, 4.4 mg / kg, 4.5 mg / kg, 4.6 mg / kg, 4.7 mg / kg, 4.8 mg / kg, 4.9 mg / kg, 5 mg / kg, 5.1 mg / kg, 5.2 mg / kg, 5.3 mg / kg, 5.4 mg / kg, 5.5 mg / kg, 5.6 mg / kg, 5.7 mg / kg, 5.8 mg / kg, 5.9 mg / kg, 6 mg / kg, 6.1 mg / kg, 6.2 mg / kg, 6.3 mg / kg, 6.4 mg / kg, 6.5 mg / kg, 6.6 mg / kg, 6.7 mg / kg, 6.8 mg / kg, 6.9 mg / kg, 7 mg / kg, 7.1 mg / kg, 7.2 mg / kg, 7.3 mg / kg, 7.4 mg / kg, 7.5 mg / kg, 7.6 mg / kg, 7.7 mg / kg, 7.8 mg / kg, 7.9 mg / kg, 8 mg / kg, 8.1 mg / kg, 8.2 mg / kg, 8.3 mg / kg, 8.4 mg / kg, 8.5 mg / kg, 8.6 mg / kg, 8.7 mg / kg, 8.8 mg / kg, 8.9 mg / kg, 9 mg / kg, 9.1 mg / kg, 9.2 mg / kg, 9.3 mg / kg, 9.4 mg / kg, 9.5 mg / kg, 9.6 mg / kg, 9.7 mg / kg, 9.8 mg / kg, 9.9 mg / kg, or 10 mg / kg) per the body weight of the subject.
[0131] In some embodiments, the method may include administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 0.4 mg / kg, 0.8 mg / kg, 1.2 mg / kg, 1.6 mg / kg, 2.0 mg / kg, 2.4 mg / kg, 2.8 mg / kg, 3.2 mg / kg, 3.6 mg / kg, 4.0 mg / kg, 4.4 mg / kg, 4.8 mg / kg, 5.2 mg / kg, 5.6 mg / kg, 6 mg / kg, 6.4 mg / kg, 6.8 mg / kg, 7.2 mg / kg, 7.6 mg / kg, 8.0 mg / kg, 8.4 mg / kg, 8.8 mg / kg, 9.2 mg / kg, or 9.6 mg / kg per the body weight of the subject.
[0132] In some embodiments, the method may include administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 1 mg / kg to about 8 mg / kg (e.g., 1 mg / kg, 1.5 mg / kg, 2 mg / kg, 2.5 mg / kg, 3 mg / kg, 3.5 mg / kg, 4 mg / kg, 4.5 mg / kg, 5 mg / kg, 5.5 mg / kg, 6 mg / kg, 6.5 mg / kg, 7 mg / kg, 7.5 mg / kg, 8 mg / kg) per the body weight of the subject.
[0133] In some embodiments, one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates or pharmaceutical compositions thereof can be administered to a subject through various administration routes and various delivery systems. Examples of administration routes may include, but are not limited to, intradermal, transdermal, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, subcutaneous, intranasal, epidural, and oral routes. The anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates or pharmaceutical compositions thereof may be administered by any convenient route, for example, by infusion or bolus injection, by absorption through epithelial or mucocutaneous linings (e.g., oral mucosa, rectal and intestinal mucosa, etc. ) and may be administered together with other biologically active agents. Administration can be systemic or local. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof can also be delivered in a vesicle, in particular, a liposome (see, for example, Langer (1990) Science 249: 1527-1533) . Various delivery systems are known and can be used to administer the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates or pharmaceutical compositions thereof, such as encapsulation in liposomes, microparticles, microcapsules, recombinant cells capable of expressing the mutant viruses, receptor-mediated endocytosis (see, e.g., Wu et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262: 4429-4432) .
[0134] In some embodiments, a single dose of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof may be administered to a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, multiple doses of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof may be administered to a subject over a defined time course. The methods may include sequentially administering to a subject multiple doses of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof. As used herein, “sequentially administering” means that each dose of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof administered to the subject at a different point in time, e.g., on different days separated by a predetermined interval (e.g., hours, days, weeks, or months) . The present disclosure includes methods that comprise sequentially administering to the patient a single initial dose of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof, followed by one or more secondary doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof, and optionally followed by one or more tertiary doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
[0135] The terms “initial dose, ” “secondary doses, ” and “tertiary doses, ” refer to the temporal sequence of administration of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof. Thus, the “initial dose” is the dose, that is administered at the beginning of the treatment regimen (also referred to as the “baseline dose” ) ; the “secondary doses” are the doses, that are administered after the initial dose; and the “tertiary doses” are the doses which are administered after the secondary doses. The initial, secondary, and tertiary doses may all contain the same amount of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof, but generally may differ from one another in terms of frequency of administration. In some embodiments, however, the amount of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof contained in the initial, secondary, and / or tertiary doses varies from one another (e.g., adjusted up or down as appropriate) during the course of treatment. In some embodiments, two or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, or 5) doses are administered at the beginning of the treatment regimen as “loading doses” followed by subsequent doses that are administered on a less frequent basis (e.g., “maintenance doses” ) .
[0136] In certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention, each secondary and / or tertiary dose is administered 1 to 48 hours (e.g., 1, 1 1 / 2, 2, 21 / 2, 3, 31 / 2, 4, 41 / 2, 5, 51 / 2, 6, 61 / 2, 7, 71 / 2, 8, 81 / 2, 9, 91 / 2, 10, 101 / 2, 11, 11 1 / 2, 12, 121 / 2, 13, 131 / 2, 14, 141 / 2, 15, 151 / 2, 16, 161 / 2, 17, 171 / 2, 18, 181 / 2, 19, 191 / 2, 20, 201 / 2, 21, 21 1 / 2, 22, 221 / 2, 23, 23 1 / 2, 24, 241 / 2, 25, 25 1 / 2, 26, 261 / 2, or more) after the immediately preceding dose. The phrase “the immediately preceding dose, ” as used herein, means, in a sequence of multiple administrations, the dose of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof, that is administered to a patient prior to the administration of the very next dose in the sequence with no intervening doses.
[0137] In some embodiments, the methods may comprise administering to a patient any number of secondary and / or tertiary doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof. For example, only a single secondary dose is administered to the patient. In other embodiments, two or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more) secondary doses are administered to the patient. Likewise, in some embodiments, only a single tertiary dose is administered to the patient. In other embodiments, two or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more) tertiary doses are administered to the patient.
[0138] In some embodiments of the invention, the frequency at which the secondary and / or tertiary doses are administered to a patient can vary over the course of the treatment regimen. The frequency of administration may also be adjusted during the course of treatment by a physician depending on the needs of the individual patient following clinical examination.
[0139] In some embodiments, the initial dose may be followed by administration of a second or a plurality of subsequent doses of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof in an amount that can be approximately the same as or less than that of the initial dose, wherein the subsequent doses are separated by at least 1 day to 3 days; at least one week, at least 2 weeks; at least 3 weeks; at least 4 weeks; at least 5 weeks; at least 6 weeks; at least 7 weeks; at least 8 weeks; at least 9 weeks; at least 10 weeks; at least 12 weeks; or at least 14 weeks.
[0140] In some embodiments, the method may include administering the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate to the subject twice daily, once daily, once about every 2 days, once about every 3 days, once about every 5 days, once about every week, once about every two weeks, once about every three weeks, once about every month, once about every two months, or once about every three months.
[0141] In some embodiments, the method may include administering the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate to the subject for 6 to 12 weeks such as 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, or any amount of time therebetween.
[0142] In some embodiments, the method may include administering the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate to the subject once about every three weeks.
[0143] In some embodiments, the subject to be treated with the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof previously received radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and / or surgery yet continues to experience disease progression.
[0144] Combination Therapies
[0145] Combination therapies may include an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof and any additional therapeutic agent that may be advantageously combined with the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof. The anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof may be combined synergistically with one or more drugs or therapies used to treat a disease or disorder, e.g., cancer. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof may be combined with an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof to provide additive or synergistic activity in ameliorating one or more symptoms of said disease. In some embodiments, the first anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof is administered before, after, or concurrently with an additional therapeutic agent, e.g., the second anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
[0146] As used herein, the term “in combination with” means that additional therapeutically active component (s) may be administered prior to, concurrent with, or after the administration of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof. As used herein, the term “in combination with” also includes sequential or concomitant administration of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof and any additional therapeutic agent or therapy.
[0147] In some embodiments, the additional therapeutic agent or therapy may include a chemotherapy, an immunotherapy, a radiation therapy, or a surgical procedure.
[0148] In some embodiments, the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, a programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, progesterone, or a chemotherapy.
[0149] In some embodiments, the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises one or more of dostarlimab-gxly, durvalumab, pembrolizumab, lenvatinib mesylate, megestrol acetate, or carboplatin-taxol.
[0150] In one embodiment, the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) . In some embodiments, G-CSF is administered to the subject at a dose ranging from about 1 mg / kg to about 10 mg / kg such as about 1 mg / kg, about 2 mg / kg, about 3 mg / kg, about 4 mg / kg, about 5 mg / kg, about 6 mg / kg, about 7 mg / kg, about 8 mg / kg, 9 mg / kg, 10 mg / kg, or any amount therebetween or in a range of any high value and low value selected from these doses. In one embodiment, G-CSF is administered to the subject at a dose of about 4.4 mg / kg.
[0151] Anti-CDH6 Antibodies
[0152] The anti-CDH6 antibody that can be used in the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates may be derived from any species. Examples of the species can include humans, monkeys, rats, mice, and rabbits. When the anti-CDH6 antibody is derived from a species other than humans, it can be chimerized or humanized the anti-CDH6 antibody by a technique well-known in the art. The antibody may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody.
[0153] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody is an antibody that can target tumor cells. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody may be able to recognize or bind to tumor cells. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody may be internalized into tumor cells by cellular uptake and the like. Accordingly, the anti-CDH6 antibody can be conjugated to an active moiety via a linker to prepare an immunoconjugate. For example, the anti-CDH6 antibody can be conjugated to a compound having antitumor activity directly or via a linker to prepare an antibody drug conjugate.
[0154] The anti-CDH6 antibody can be obtained by immunizing an animal with a polypeptide serving as an antigen by a method known in this field, and then collecting and purifying an antibody produced in a living body thereof. The origin of the antigen is not limited to a human, and thus, an animal can also be immunized with an antigen derived from a non-human animal, such as a mouse or a rat. In this case, an antibody applicable to the disease of a human can be selected by examining the cross-reactivity of the obtained antibody binding to the heterologous antigen with the human antigen.
[0155] Furthermore, antibody-producing cells that produce an antibody against the antigen can be fused with myeloma cells according to a known method (e.g., Kohler and Milstein, Nature (1975) 256, 495-497; and Kennet, R. ed., Monoclonal Antibodies, 365-367, Plenum Press, N.Y. (1980) ) to establish hybridomas to obtain a monoclonal antibody.
[0156] The anti-CDH6 antibody may include an antibody specified by an amino acid sequence as set forth in the sequence listing of this disclosure, which can be suitably used. The anti-CDH6 antibody may have the following properties: (a) specifically binding to CDH6, and (b) having the activity of being internalized into CDH6 expressing cells by binding to CDH6; wherein the CDH6 can be human CDH6.
[0157] In some embodiments, a method for obtaining an antibody against CDH6 is described below.
[0158] (a) the extracellular region of CDH6 (Ser 54-Ala 615) can be used as the immunogen (ACRO Biosystems, CA6-H5229) , and directly administering the antigen to an animal (e.g., a rat or a mouse) to be immunized. The administration of the antigen may be performed one or more times, e.g., a plurality of times, if necessary for enhancing antibody titer;
[0159] (b) collection of tissue (e.g., a lymph node) containing antibody-producing cells from the aforementioned animal in which the immune response has been induced;
[0160] (c) preparation of myeloma cells (also referred to as “myelomas” ) (e.g., mouse myeloma SP2 / 0-ag14 cells) ;
[0161] (d) cell fusion between the antibody-producing cells and the myelomas;
[0162] (e) selection of a hybridoma group producing an antibody of interest;
[0163] (f) division into single cell clones (cloning) ;
[0164] (g) optionally, the culture of hybridomas for the mass production of monoclonal antibodies or the breeding of animals into which the hybridomas are inoculated; and / or
[0165] (h) study of the physiological activity (internalization activity) and binding specificity of the monoclonal antibody thus produced or examination of the properties of the antibody as a labeling reagent.
[0166] Examples of the method for measuring the antibody titer used herein can include, but are not limited to, flow cytometry and Cell-ELISA.
[0167] Examples of the anti-CDH6 antibodies that can be used in this disclosure include those described in International Patent Application No. PCT / CN2022 / 137932, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[0168] The specific CDR sequences defined herein are generally based on the IMGT definition. However, it is understood that reference to a heavy chain CDR or CDRs and / or a light chain CDR or CDRs of a specific antibody encompass all CDR definitions as known to those of skill in the art.
[0169] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:
[0170] (a) three heavy chain complementarity determining regions (HCDRs) (HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3) comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3, and 4; and three light chain CDRs (LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3) comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7;
[0171] (b) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, and 4; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7;
[0172] (c) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 9, and 10; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11, 12, and 13;
[0173] (d) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 9, and 10; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11, 12, and 13;
[0174] (e) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 89, 90, and 91; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 92, 93, and 94; or
[0175] (f) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 97, 98, and 99; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 100, 101, and 102.
[0176] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises: HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3, and 4; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7.
[0177] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:
[0178] (a) a heavy chain variable region (HCVR) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27; and a light chain variable region (LCVR) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34;
[0179] (b) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23;
[0180] (c) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46;
[0181] (d) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 66 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 66; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68;
[0182] (e) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69;
[0183] (f) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96; or
[0184] (g) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104.
[0185] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34.
[0186] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:
[0187] (a) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 76;
[0188] (b) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 72 and 73;
[0189] (c) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 80 and 81;
[0190] (d) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 85 and 86; or
[0191] (e) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 87 and 88;
[0192] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 76.
[0193] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises an antibody heavy chain constant region that comprises a constant region derived from human IgG. In some embodiments, the antibody heavy chain constant region comprises a constant region derived from human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4. In some embodiments, the antibody heavy chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 or comprises an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 70.
[0194] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises an antibody light chain constant region that comprises a human Igκ constant region or a human Igλ constant region. In some embodiments, the antibody light chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 or comprises an amino acid sequence having at least 75% (e.g., 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%) sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 71.
[0195] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof may include a monoclonal antibody, a polyclonal antibody, a dimer, a polymer, a multispecific antibody, an intact antibody, a human antibody, a humanized antibody, or a chimeric antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
[0196] In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof may include a Fab, a Fab’ , an Fv fragment, a F (ab’ ) 2, a scFv, a di-scFv, a dAb, or a combination thereof.
[0197] In some embodiments, anti-CDH6 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments provided herein comprise one, two, three, four, five, and / or six CDRs of any one of the antibodies described herein. In some embodiments, anti-CDH6 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments provided herein comprise a VL comprising one, two, and / or three VL CDRs from Table 1. In some embodiments, anti-CDH6 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments provided herein comprise a VH comprising one, two, and / or three VH CDRs from Table 1. In some embodiments, anti-CDH6 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments provided herein comprise one, two, and / or three VL CDRs from Table 1 and one, two, and / or three VH CDRs from Table 1.
[0198] In some embodiments, an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof may include a VL CDR1, VL CDR2, VL CDR3, VH CDR1, VH CDR2, and / or VH CDR3 from an antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein. In some embodiments, an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof may include a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein. In some embodiments, a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment may include one to 30 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment may include one to 25 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment may include one to 20 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20) substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment may include one to 15 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15) substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment may include one to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment may include one to five (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) conservative amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, a variant of an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment may include one to three (e.g., 1, 2, 3) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, the amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions are conservative amino acid substitutions. In some embodiments, the conservative amino acid substitution (s) is in a CDR of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, the conservative amino acid substitution (s) is not in a CDR of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment. In some embodiments, the conservative amino acid substitution (s) is in a framework region of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment.
[0199] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise:
[0200] a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; or (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs;
[0201] and / or b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; or (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0202] In some embodiments, the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs, and / or the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0203] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise: a) a VH having at least 75%, at least 76%, at least 77%, at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18; and / or b) a VL having at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23.
[0204] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise:
[0205] a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9; or (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs;
[0206] and / or b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12; or (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0207] In some embodiments, the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs, and / or the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0208] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise: a) a VH having at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41; and / or b) a VL having at least 75%, at least 76%, at least 77%, at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46.
[0209] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise:
[0210] a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 89; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 90; or (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 91; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs;
[0211] and / or b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 92; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 93; or (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0212] In some embodiments, the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs, and / or the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0213] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise: a) a VH having at least 75%, at least 76%, at least 77%, at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95; and / or b) a VL having at least 75%, at least 76%, at least 77%, at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96.
[0214] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise:
[0215] a) a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 98; or (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 99; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs;
[0216] and / or b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101; or (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102; or a variant thereof having up to about 3, about 5, about 8, about 10, about 12, or about 15 amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0217] In some embodiments, the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the HCDRs, and / or the variant has up to about 5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) amino acid substitutions, additions, and / or deletions in the LCDRs.
[0218] In some embodiments, the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind CDH6 (e.g., human CDH6) comprise: a) a VH having at least 75%, at least 76%, at least 77%, at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103; and / or b) a VL having at least 75%, at least 76%, at least 77%, at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104.
[0219] Examples of the hybridoma strain thus established can include anti-CDH6 antibody-producing hybridomas 707 and 463. An antibody produced by the anti-CDH6 antibody-producing hybridoma 707 is referred to as a “707 antibody” or simply “707, ” an antibody produced by the hybridoma 463 is referred to as a “463 antibody” or simply “463, ” an antibody produced by the hybridoma 066 is referred to as a “066 antibody” or simply “066, ” and an antibody produced by the hybridoma 439 is referred to as a “439 antibody” or simply “439. ”
[0220] The heavy chain variable region of the 707 antibody has HCDR1 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, HCDR2 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, and HCDR3 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4. The light chain variable region of the 707 antibody has LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7.
[0221] Further, the heavy chain variable region of the 707 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18. The light chain variable region of the 707 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23.
[0222] The heavy chain variable region of the 463 antibody has HCDR1 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, HCDR2 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, and HCDR3 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10. The light chain variable region of the 463 antibody has LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13.
[0223] Further, the heavy chain variable region of the 463 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41. The light chain variable region of the 463 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46.
[0224] The heavy chain variable region of the 066 antibody has HCDR1 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 89, HCDR2 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 90, and HCDR3 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 91. The light chain variable region of the 066 antibody has LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 92, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 93, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 94.
[0225] Further, the heavy chain variable region of the 066 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 95. The light chain variable region of the 066 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 96.
[0226] The heavy chain variable region of the 439 antibody has HCDR1 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 97, HCDR2 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 98, and HCDR3 consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 99. The light chain variable region of the 439 antibody has LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 100, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 101, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 102.
[0227] Further, the heavy chain variable region of the 439 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 103. The light chain variable region of the 439 antibody consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 104.
[0228] Anti-CDH6 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments may include genetically recombinant antibodies that have been artificially modified to reduce heterogenetic antigenicity to humans, such as a chimeric antibody, a humanized antibody, and a human antibody, as well as the above-described monoclonal antibody against CDH6. These antibodies can be produced by known methods.
[0229] In some embodiments, an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment is a human antibody or antigen-binding fragment. Human antibodies can be prepared using various techniques known in the art. In some embodiments, human antibodies are generated from immortalized human B lymphocytes immunized in vitro. In some embodiments, human antibodies are generated from lymphocytes isolated from an immunized individual. In any case, cells that produce an antibody directed against a target antigen can be generated and isolated. In some embodiments, a human antibody is selected from a phage library, where that phage library expresses human antibodies. Alternatively, phage display technology can be used to produce human antibodies and antibody fragments in vitro, from immunoglobulin variable region gene repertoires from unimmunized donors. Techniques for the generation and use of antibody phage libraries are well-known in the art. Once antibodies are identified, affinity maturation strategies known in the art, including but not limited to, chain shuffling and site-directed mutagenesis, can be employed to generate higher affinity human antibodies. In some embodiments, human antibodies are produced in transgenic mice that contain human immunoglobulin loci. Upon immunization, these mice are capable of producing the full repertoire of human antibodies in the absence of endogenous immunoglobulin production.
[0230] Examples of chimeric antibodies can include antibodies in which a variable region and a constant region are heterologous to each other, such as a chimeric antibody formed by conjugating the variable region of a mouse-or rat-derived antibody to a human-derived constant region (see Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 81, 6851-6855, (1984) ) .
[0231] Examples of the chimeric antibody derived from the mouse anti-human CDH6 antibody can include an antibody consisting of a light chain comprising the light chain variable region of each mouse anti-human CDH6 antibody described in the present description (e.g., the 707 antibody or the 463 antibody) and a human-derived constant region, and a heavy chain comprising the heavy chain variable region thereof and a human-derived constant region.
[0232] Other examples of the chimeric antibody derived from the mouse anti-human CDH6 antibody include an antibody consisting of a light chain comprising a light chain variable region having a substitution of one to several residues, 1 to 3 residues, 1 or 2 residues, for example, 1 residue, of amino acids in the light chain variable region of each mouse anti-human CDH6 antibody described in this disclosure (e.g., the 707 antibody or the 463 antibody) with other amino acid residues, and a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region having a substitution of one to several residues, 1 to 3 residues, 1 or 2 residues, for example, 1 residue, of amino acids in the heavy chain variable region thereof with other amino acid residues. This antibody may have any given human-derived constant region.
[0233] Other examples of the chimeric antibody derived from the mouse anti-human CDH6 antibody may include an antibody consisting of a light chain comprising a light chain variable region having a substitution of 1 or 2 residues, for example, 1 residue, of amino acids in any 1 to 3 CDRs in the light chain variable region of each mouse anti-human CDH6 antibody described in the present description (e.g., the 707 antibody or the 463 antibody) with other amino acid residues, and a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region having a substitution of 1 or 2 residues, e.g., 1 residue, of amino acids in any 1 to 3 CDRs in the heavy chain variable region thereof with other amino acid residues. This antibody may have any given human-derived constant region.
[0234] It is known in the art that the constant region (s) of an antibody mediates several effector functions, and these effector functions can vary depending on the isotype of the antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgA antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgD antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgE antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgG antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgM antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgG1 antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgG2 antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgG3 antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment described herein may include at least one constant region of a human IgG4 antibody. In some embodiments, the Fc region is fused via a hinge. The hinge can be an IgG1 hinge, an IgG2 hinge, or an IgG3 hinge. The amino acid sequences of the Fc region of human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 are known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In some cases, Fc regions with amino acid variations have been identified in native antibodies.
[0235] Examples of the chimeric antibody derived from the 707 antibody may include an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18, and a light chain comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23. This antibody may have any given human-derived constant region. Optionally, the heavy chain constant region can be a human IgG1 constant region, and the light chain constant region can be a human Igκ constant region.
[0236] In some embodiments, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 73. In some embodiments, the chimeric antibody is named Ch069707.
[0237] Examples of the chimeric antibody derived from the 463 antibody may include an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41, and a light chain comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46. This antibody may have any given human-derived constant region. Optionally, the heavy chain constant region can be a human IgG1 constant region (SEQ ID NO: 70) , and the light chain constant region can be a human Igκ constant region (SEQ ID NO: 71) .
[0238] In some embodiments, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 80, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 81, and the chimeric antibody is named Ch069463.
[0239] Examples of the humanized antibody can include an antibody formed by incorporating only complementarity determining regions (CDRs) into a human-derived antibody (see Nature (1986) 321, p. 522-525) , an antibody formed by incorporating the amino acid residues from some frameworks, as well as CDR sequences, into a human antibody according to a CDR grafting method (International Publication No. WO90 / 07861) , and an antibody formed by modifying the amino acid sequences of some CDRs while maintaining antigen-binding ability.
[0240] The humanized antibody derived from the 707 antibodies, the Ch069707 antibody, the 463 antibody, or the Ch069463 antibody is not limited to a specific humanized antibody as long as the humanized antibody retains all 6 CDR sequences unique to the 707 antibody, the Ch069707 antibody, the 463 antibody, or the Ch069463 antibody and has internalization activity. The amino acid sequences of some CDRs of this humanized antibody may be further modified as long as it has internalization activity.
[0241] Concrete examples of the humanized antibody of the Ch069707 antibody can include any given combination of: a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: (1) the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 66, (2) an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more (e.g., an amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 95%or more to the sequence of a framework region other than at each CDR sequence) to the above-described amino acid sequence (1) , and (3) an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion, substitution or addition of one or several amino acids in the above-described amino acid sequence (1) ; and a light chain comprising a light chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: (4) the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68, (5) an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more (e.g., an amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 95%or more to the sequence of a framework region other than at each CDR sequence) to the above-described amino acid sequence (4) , and (6) an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion, substitution or addition of one or several amino acids in the above-described amino acid sequence (4) . Optionally, the heavy chain constant region can be a human IgG1 constant region (SEQ ID NO:70) and the light chain constant region can be a human Igκ constant region (SEQ ID NO: 71) , and certain humanized antibodies are named CL069707-H1L1, CL069707-H1L2, CL069707-H2L1, and CL069707-H2L2, respectively, as further described below.
[0242] In some embodiments, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 85 or an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more to the SEQ ID NO: 85, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 86 or an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more to the SEQ ID NO: 86.
[0243] In some embodiments, the humanized antibody of the Ch069707 antibody can include any given combination of: a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 27 and 29; and a light chain comprising a light chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 34 and 36.
[0244] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 76, and the humanized antibody is named CL069707-H1L1.
[0245] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77, and the humanized antibody is named CL069707-H1L2.
[0246] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 76, and the humanized antibody is named CL069707-H2L1.
[0247] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77, and the humanized antibody is named CL069707-H2L2.
[0248] Concrete examples of the humanized antibody of the Ch069463 antibody can include any given combination of: a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (1) : the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 67, (2) an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more (e.g., an amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 95%or more to the sequence of a framework region other than at each CDR sequence) to the above-described amino acid sequence (1) , and (3) an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion, substitution or addition of one or several amino acids in the above-described amino acid sequence (1) ; and a light chain comprising a light chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (4) the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 69, (5) an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more (e.g., an amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 95%or more to the sequence of a framework region other than at each CDR sequence) to the above-described amino acid sequence (4) , and (6) an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion, substitution or addition of one or several amino acids in the above-described amino acid sequence (4) . Optionally, the heavy chain constant region can be a human IgG1 constant region (SEQ ID NO: 70) and the light chain constant region can be a human Igκ constant region (SEQ ID NO: 71) , and the humanized antibodies are named CL069463-H1L1, CL069463-H1L2, CL069463-H1L3, CL069463-H2L1, CL069463-H2L2, and CL069463-H2L3.
[0249] In some embodiments, the humanized antibody of the Ch069463 antibody can include any given combination of: a heavy chain comprising a heavy chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 51 and 54; and a light chain comprising a light chain variable region consisting of any one amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 58, 63, and 65.
[0250] In some embodiments, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 87 or an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more to the SEQ ID NO: 87, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 88 or an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 95%or more to the SEQ ID NO: 88.
[0251] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82, and the humanized antibody is named CL069463-H1L1.
[0252] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 83, and the humanized antibody is named CL069463-H1L2.
[0253] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 84, and the humanized antibody is named CL069463-H1L3.
[0254] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 79, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82, and the humanized antibody is named CL069463-H2L1.
[0255] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 79, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 83, and the humanized antibody is named CL069463-H2L2.
[0256] In one embodiment, the heavy chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 79, and the light chain can comprise the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 84, and the humanized antibody is named CL069463-H2L3.
[0257] Table 1. The sequence of the mouse antibody, chimeric antibody, and humanized antibody.
[0258] In some embodiments, the amino acid substitution can be a conservative amino acid substitution. The conservative amino acid substitution is a substitution occurring within an amino acid group associated with certain amino acid side chains. In some embodiments, amino acid groups may include the following: acidic group = aspartic acid and glutamic acid; basic group = lysine, arginine, and histidine; non-polar group = alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine, and tryptophan; and uncharged polar family = glycine, asparagine, glutamine, cysteine, serine, threonine, and tyrosine. Other amino acid groups may include the following: aliphatic hydroxy group = serine and threonine; amide-containing group = asparagine and glutamine; aliphatic group = alanine, valine, leucine and isoleucine; and aromatic group = phenylalanine, tryptophan and tyrosine. Such amino acid substitution can be carried out without impairing the properties of a substance having the original amino acid sequence.
[0259] By combining together sequences showing a high identity to the above-described heavy chain amino acid sequences and light chain amino acid sequences, it is possible to select an antibody having a biological activity equivalent to that of each of the above-described antibodies. Such an identity is an identity of generally 80%or more, 90%or more, 95%or more, or 99%or more. Moreover, also by combining amino acid sequences of a heavy chain and a light chain comprising a substitution, deletion, or addition of one or several amino acid residues thereof with respect to the amino acid sequence of a heavy chain or a light chain, it is possible to select an antibody having a biological activity equivalent to that of each of the above-described antibodies.
[0260] The anti-CDH6 human antibody can also be obtained by transforming eukaryotic cells with cDNA encoding each of the heavy chain and light chain of such a human antibody, e.g., with a vector comprising the cDNA, according to genetic recombination techniques, and then culturing the transformed cells producing a genetically modified human monoclonal antibody, so that the antibody can be obtained from the culture supernatant. In this context, eukaryotic cells such as mammalian cells (e.g., CHO cells, lymphocytes, and myelomas) can, for example, be used as a host.
[0261] Furthermore, a method of obtaining a phage display-derived human antibody has been selected from a human antibody library (see Wormstone, I.M. et al., Investigative Ophthalmology &Visual Science. (2002) 43 (7) , p. 2301-2308; Carmen, S. et al., Briefings in Functional Genomics and Proteomics (2002) , 1 (2) , p. 189-203; Siriwardena, D. et al., Ophthalmology (2002) 109 (3) , p. 427-431; etc. ) is also known.
[0262] Anti-CDH6 Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs)
[0263] As used herein, the terms “antibody-drug conjugate, ” “antibody conjugate, ” “conjugate, ” “immunoconjugate, ” and “ADC” are used interchangeably, and refer to a compound or derivative thereof that is linked to an antibody (e.g., an anti-CDH6 antibody) and is defined by the generic formula: Ab- (L-D) p (Formula I) , wherein Ab=an antibody moiety (i.e., antibody or antigen-binding fragment) , L=a linker moiety, D=a drug moiety, and p=the number of drug moieties per antibody moiety.
[0264] As used herein, the term “immunoconjugate” as used herein generally refers to the linkage of an antibody or an antigen binding fragment thereof with another agent, such as a payload, a drug moiety, a chemotherapeutic agent, a toxin, an immunotherapeutic agent, an imaging probe, and the like. The linkage can be a covalent bond or non-covalent interaction such as through electrostatic forces. Various linkers, known in the art, can be employed to form the immunoconjugate. Additionally, the immunoconjugate can be provided in the form of a fusion protein that may be expressed from a polynucleotide encoding the immunoconjugate. As used herein, “fusion protein” refers to a protein created through the joining of two or more genes or gene fragments that originally coded for separate proteins (including peptides and polypeptides) . Translation of the fusion gene results in a single protein with functional properties derived from each of the original proteins.
[0265] The development and production of an antibody drug conjugate for use as a human therapeutic agent, e.g., as an oncologic agent, may require more than the identification of an antibody capable of binding to a desired target or targets and attaching to a drug used on its own to treat cancer. Linking the antibody to the drug may have significant and unpredictable effects on the activity of one or both of the antibody and the drug, effects which will vary depending on the type of linker and / or drug chosen. In some embodiments, therefore, the components of the ADC are selected to (i) retain one or more therapeutic properties exhibited by the antibody and drug moieties in isolation, (ii) maintain the specific binding properties of the antibody moiety; (iii) optimize drug loading and drug-to-antibody ratios; (iv) allow delivery, e.g., intracellular delivery, of the drug moiety via stable attachment to the antibody moiety; (v) retain antibody drug conjugate stability as an intact conjugate until transport or delivery to a target site; (vi) minimize aggregation of the antibody drug conjugate prior to or after administration; (vii) allow for the therapeutic effect, e.g., cytotoxic effect, of the drug moiety after cleavage in the cellular environment; (viii) exhibit in vivo anti-cancer treatment efficacy comparable to or superior to that of the antibody and drug moieties in isolation; (ix) minimize off-target killing by the drug moiety; and / or (x) exhibit desirable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, formulatability, and toxicologic / immunologic profiles. Screening each of these properties may be needed to identify an improved antibody drug conjugate for therapeutic use (Ab et al. (2015) Mol. Cancer Ther. 14: 1605-13) .
[0266] The anti-CDH6 antibodies, as described herein, can be conjugated to an active moiety to form anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates. In some embodiments, the active moiety can comprise a drug moiety and / or a label.
[0267] As used herein, the term “active moiety” or “payload” as used herein generally refers to the portion of a conjugated compound that constitutes an active agent, which mediates a pharmaceutical effect including but not limited to prophylactic, therapeutic, and / or diagnostic effects, for example, an anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective (e.g., anti-fungal, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-viral) or an anesthetic agent. Methods for attaching each of these to a linker compatible with the antibodies and method of the present disclosure are known in the art. See, e.g., Singh et al., (2009) Therapeutic Antibodies: Methods and Protocols, vol. 525, 445-457. In addition, an “active moiety” or a “payload” can be a biophysical probe, a fluorophore, a spin label, an infrared probe, an affinity probe, a chelator, a spectroscopic probe, a radioactive probe, a lipid molecule, a polyethylene glycol, a polymer, DNA, RNA, a protein, a peptide, a surface, an antibody, an antibody fragment, a nanoparticle, a quantum dot, a liposome, a PLGA particle, a saccharide or a polysaccharide.
[0268] As used herein, the term “drug moiety” or “D” generally refers to any compound possessing a desired biological activity and a reactive functional group that may be used to incorporate the drug into the conjugate of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the drug moiety indicates a cytotoxic drug useful in cancer therapy; a protein or polypeptide possessing a desired biological activity, such as a toxin, e.g., abrin, ricin A, pseudomonas exotoxin, and diphtheria toxin; other suitable proteins include tumor necrosis factor, α-interferon, β-interferon, nerve growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, tissue plasminogen activator, and biological response modifiers, for example, lymphokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1) , interleukin-2 (IL-2) , interleukin-6 (IL-6) , granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) , granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or other growth factors. In some embodiments, the term “drug moiety” may be a chemical moiety. In certain aspects, a drug moiety is selected from a V-ATPase inhibitor, a HSP90 inhibitor, an IAP inhibitor, a mTor inhibitor, a microtubule stabilizer, a microtubule destabilizer, an auristatin, a dolastatin, a maytansinoid, a MetAP (methionine aminopeptidase) , an inhibitor of nuclear export of proteins CRM1, a DPPIV inhibitor, an inhibitor of phosphoryl transfer reactions in mitochondria, a protein synthesis inhibitor, a kinase inhibitor, a CDK2 inhibitor, a CDK9 inhibitor, a proteasome inhibitor, a kinesin inhibitor, an HDAC inhibitor, a DNA damaging agent, a DNA alkylating agent, a DNA intercalator, a DNA minor groove binder, and a DHFR inhibitor.
[0269] The anti-CDH6 antibody can be conjugated to a drug via a linker structure moiety to prepare an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate. The drug can have a substituent or a partial structure that can be connected to a linker structure. The anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate can be used for various purposes according to the conjugated drug. Examples of such a drug can include substances having antitumor activity, substances effective for blood diseases, substances effective for autoimmune diseases, anti-inflammatory substances, antimicrobial substances, antifungal substances, antiparasitic substances, antiviral substances, and anti-anesthetic substances.
[0270] In some embodiments, the drug moiety is selected from the group consisting of a cytotoxic agent, a cytokine, a nucleic acid, a nucleic acid-associated molecule, a radionuclide, a chemokine, an immuno (co) -stimulatory molecule, an immunosuppressive molecule, a death ligand, an apoptosis-inducing protein, a kinase, a prodrug-converting enzyme, a RNase, an agonistic antibody or antibody fragment, an antagonistic antibody or antibody fragment, a growth factor, a hormone, a coagulation factor, a fibrinolytic protein, peptides mimicking these, and fragments, fusion proteins and derivatives thereof.
[0271] In some embodiments, the label is selected from the group consisting of a radiolabel, a fluorophore, a chromophore, an imaging agent, and a metal ion.
[0272] In some embodiments, the radionuclide may include: At211, I131, I125, I123, Y90, Re186, Re188, Sm153, Bi212, P32, Pb212, Tc99, S35, F19, N15, C14, C13 or H3, optionally the radionuclide can be conjugated to the antibody via a chelating agent.
[0273] In some embodiments, the cytokine may include: IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-18, IL-23, IL-24, IL-27, IL_28a, IL_28b, IL-29, KGF, IFNα, IFNβ, IFNγ, GM-CSF, CD40L, Flt3 ligand, stem cell factor, anisidine or TNFα.
[0274] Cytotoxic Agents
[0275] An example using a cytotoxic agent as a compound to be conjugated in the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is described below. The cytotoxic agent can have an antitumor effect and may have a substituent or a partial structure that can be connected to a linker structure. Upon cleavage of a part or the whole of the linker in tumor cells, the cytotoxic agent is released so that the cytotoxic agent exhibits an antitumor effect. As the linker is cleaved at a connecting position with the drug, the cytotoxic agent is released in its original structure to exert its original antitumor effect.
[0276] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent may include a microtubule-disrupting drug and / or a DNA-damaging agent.
[0277] In some embodiments, examples of microtubule-disrupting drugs may include auristatin, e.g., monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) , monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) , and auristatin F (AF) . In another embodiment, the drug moiety can be microtubule-disrupting drugs such as maytansinoids, e.g., DM1, DM3, and DM4. In another embodiment, the drug moiety can be DNA-damaging agents such as calicheamicins, duocarmycins, SN-38, and pyrrolo [2, 1-c] [1, 4] benzodi-azepines (PBDs) . Still in other embodiments, the drug moiety can be amanitins, anthracyclines, baccatins, camptothecins, cemadotins, colchicines, colcimids, combretastatins, cryptophycins, discodermolides, docetaxel, doxorubicin, echinomycins, eleutherobins, epothilones, estramustines, lexitropsins, maytansines, methotrexate, netropsins, puromycins, rhizoxins, taxanes, tubulysins or vinca alkaloids.
[0278] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent can be selected from: Paclitaxel; cytochalasin B; short bacteriocin D; ethidium bromide; emetine; mitomycin; etoposide; onychothioside; thienoside; vincristine; colchicine; doxorubicin; erythromycin; dihydroxycarbamycin dione; microtubulin inhibitors; mitoxantrone; actinomycin D; 1-dehydrotestosterone; glucocorticoids; procaine; bupivacaine; lidocaine; propranolol; puromycin; kallikrein or its analogs or derivatives; antimetabolites; alkylating agents; antibiotics; antimitotic agents; diphtheria toxin and related molecules and their active fragments and heterodimeric molecules, ricin toxin, cholera toxin, shiga-like toxin, LT toxin, C3 toxin, shiga toxin, pertussis toxin, tetanus toxin, soybean Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor, Pseudomonas exotoxin, alorin, fucoside, capsidin, gelanin, phaseolus toxin chain A, capsidin chain A, alpha-bromotoxin, oleuropein, staphylin protein, American commercial protein, bitter melon inhibitor, jatropha toxin, croton toxin, soapwort inhibitor, white tree toxin, mitogellin, limiting trichothecene, phenomycin and enoxycin toxins; Ribonuclease (RNase) ; DNase I; staphylococcal endotoxin A; American commercial land antiviral protein; diphtheria toxin; and Pseudomonas endotoxin.
[0279] In some embodiments, the microtubulin inhibitor can be medensin I or an analogue or derivative thereof; the antimetabolite is aminopterin, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, cytarabine, fludarabine, 5-fluorouracil, dacarbazine, hydroxyurea, asparaginase, gemcitabine or cladribine; the alkylating agent is azacitidine, thiophan, azacitidine benzoate, melphalan, carazacitidine (BSNU) , lomustine (CCNU) , cyclophosphamide, leucovorin, dibromomannan, streptozotocin, dacarbazine (DTIC) , procarbazine, mitomycin C, cis-molybdenum, carbomolybdenum, duocarmycin A, duocarmycin SA, rachamycin (CC-1065) or analogues or derivatives thereof; the antibiotics being bleomycin, adriamycin, idarubicin (or mitomycin, mitoxantrone, puccamycin, antrixin (AMC) ) ; the antimitotic agent is monomethyl auristatin E or F; the diphtheria toxin-related molecule is diphtheria A chain; the ricin toxin is ricin A or deglycosylated ricin A chain toxin; the shiga-like toxin is SLT I, SLT II, and SLT IIV; the American commercial protein is PAPI, PAPII, and PAPS.
[0280] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent may include a tubulin inhibitor and / or a topoisomerase inhibitor. For example, the cytotoxic agent may include: monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) , monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) , medensin I, pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) , camptothecin, nemorubicin, PNU-159682, anthracyclines, betacamycin, perillyl alkaloids, paclitaxel, montelukast, elinafide, kallikrein, duocarmycin, rachamycin (CC-1065) or an analogue, a derivative or a prodrug thereof.
[0281] As used herein, the term “topoisomerase inhibitor” refers to a compound that inhibits topoisomerase activity. Compounds known as topoisomerase I inhibitors have activity against topoisomerase I and the topoisomerase II inhibitors have activity against topoisomerase II. Some compounds have activity against both topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II and are known as topoisomerase I / II inhibitors. Examples of topoisomerase I inhibitors for use may include camptothecin and analogs of camptothecin. Camptothecin is a pentacyclic alkaloid initially isolated from the wood and bark of Camptotheca acuminata, a tree indigenous to China (Wall, M.E. et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 94: 388 (1966) ) . Camptothecin exerts its pharmacological effects by irreversibly inhibiting topoisomerase I. Methods for the synthesis of camptothecin and camptothecin analogs or derivatives are known and are summarized as set forth in U.S. Patent No. 5,244,903, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0282] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic agent may include a topoisomerase I inhibitor. For example, the cytotoxic agent can comprise camptothecin (CPT) or a derivative thereof.
[0283] As a non-restricted example, the camptothecin can comprise camptothecin and camptothecin derivatives including but not limited to irinotecan, topotecan, lurtotecan, silatecan, etirinotecan pegol, TAS 103, 9-aminocamptothecin, 7-ethylcamptothecin, 10-hydroxycamptothecin, 9-nitrocamptothecin, 10, 11-methylenedioxycamptothecin, 9-amino-10, 11-methylenedioxycamptothecin, 9-chloro-10, 11-methylenedioxycamptothecin, 7- (4-methylpiperazinomethylene) -10, 1 1-ethylenedioxy-20 (S) -camptothecin, 7- (4-methylpiperazinomethylene) -10, 1 1-methylenedioxy-20 (S) -camptothecin, and 7- (2-N-isopropylamino) ethyl) - (20S) -camptothecin, and stereoisomers, salts and esters thereof.
[0284] As one example of the cytotoxic agent, exatecan, a camptothecin derivative ( (1S, 9S) -1-amino-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-2, 3-dihydro-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-1H, 12H-benzo [de] pyrano [3’ , 4’ : 6, 7] indolizino [1, 2-b] quinoline-10, 13 (9H, 15H) -dione represented by the following formula) can be used.
[0285] Exatecan can be obtained by, for example, a method described in U.S. Patent Publication No. US2016 / 0297890 or other known methods, and the amino group at position 1 can be used as a connecting position to a linker structure.
[0286] Since exatecan has a camptothecin structure, it is known that the equilibrium shifts to a structure with a formed lactone ring (closed ring) in an acidic aqueous medium (e.g., of the order of pH 3) , whereas the equilibrium shifts to a structure with an opened lactone ring (open ring) in a basic aqueous medium (e.g., of the order of pH 10) . Formula II as discussed herein includes a tautomer thereof, a mesomer thereof, a racemate thereof, an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer thereof, a mixture thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate thereof. A drug conjugate into which exatecan residues corresponding to such a closed ring structure and / or an open ring structure have been introduced is also expected to have an equivalent antitumor effect, and any of such drug conjugate is also included within the scope of this disclosure.
[0287] Other examples of cytotoxic agents can include cytotoxic agents described in the literature (see, e.g., Pharmacological Reviews, 68, p. 3-19, 2016) . Specific examples thereof can include doxorubicin, calicheamicin, dolastatin 10, auristatins such as monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) , maytansinoids such as DM1 and DM4, a pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer SG2000 (SJG-136) , a camptothecin derivative SN-38, duocarmycins such as CC-1065, amanitin, daunorubicin, mitomycin C, bleomycin, cyclocytidine, vincristine, vinblastine, methotrexate, platinum-based antitumor agents (cisplatin and derivatives thereof) , and Taxol and derivatives thereof.
[0288] In the antibody drug conjugate, the number of conjugated drug molecules per antibody molecule can be an important factor having an influence on the efficacy and safety thereof. The production of the antibody drug conjugate is carried out by specifying reaction, such as the amounts of starting materials and reagents used for reaction, so as to attain a constant number of conjugated drug molecules. Unlike the chemical reaction of a low-molecular-weight compound, a mixture containing different numbers of conjugated drug molecules is usually obtained. The number of conjugated drug molecules per antibody molecule is defined and indicated as an average value, i.e., the average number of conjugated drug molecules. Unless otherwise specified, i.e., except in the case of representing an antibody drug conjugate having a specific number of conjugated drug molecules that is included in an antibody drug conjugate mixture having different numbers of conjugated drug molecules, the number of conjugated drug molecules according to the present invention also means an average value as a rule. The number of exatecan molecules conjugated to an antibody molecule is controllable, and as an average number of conjugated drug molecules per antibody, approximately 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) exatecan molecules can be conjugated. The number of exatecan molecules may be 2 to 8, 3 to 8, 4 to 8, 5 to 8, 6 to 8, or 7 to 8, such as 5 to 8 (e.g., 7 to 8) . In some embodiments, the number of exatecan molecules may be 8. A person skilled in the art can design a reaction for conjugating a required number of drug molecules to an antibody molecule based, for example, on Examples of this disclosure, and can obtain an antibody drug conjugate with a controlled number of conjugated exatecan molecules.
[0289] Linker Structure
[0290] The linker structure that conjugates a drug moiety to the anti-CDH6 antibody in the anti-CDH6 antibody-drug conjugate is described as follows. The linker structure conjugating the anti-CDH6 antibody to the drug may be appropriately selected and used according to the purpose of use. One example of the linker structure can include a linker described in known literature (see, e.g., Pharmacol Rev 68: 3-19, January 2016, Protein Cell DOI 10.1007 / s13238-016-0323-0, etc. ) .
[0291] A “linker” or “linker moiety” is any chemical moiety that is capable of covalently joining a compound, usually a drug moiety such as a chemotherapeutic agent, to another moiety such as an antibody moiety. Linkers can be susceptible to or substantially resistant to acid-induced cleavage, peptidase-induced cleavage, light-based cleavage, esterase-induced cleavage, and / or disulfide bond cleavage, at conditions under which the compound or the antibody remains active.
[0292] The linker may include a cleavable linker or a non-cleavable linker. Cleavable linkers can be chemically labile and enzyme-labile linkers. Due to the high plasma stability and good intracellular cleaving selectivity and efficiency, enzyme-labile linkers are broadly selected as cleavable linker candidates in ADCs. In some embodiments, enzyme-labile linkers may include a peptide unit (-AAs-) selected from a group consisting of -valine-citruline- (-Val-Cit-) , -valine-lysine- (-Val-Lys-) , -valine-arginine- (-Val-Arg-) , -phenylalanine-citruline- (-Phe-Cit-) , -phenylalanine-lysine- (-Phe-Lys-) , and -phenylalanine-arginine- (-Phe-Arg-) . Typical enzyme-labile linkers include -Val-Cit-and -Phe-Lys-, which can be recognized by cathepsin B. In some embodiments, the non-cleavable linker may be linkers that are capable of increasing the hydrophilicity of the resulting ADC. In one embodiment, the non-cleavable linker may include one or more poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) . In other embodiment, the non-cleavable linker may be PEG, PEG diamine (NH2-PEG-NH2) , amine-PEG-hydroxyl (NH2-PEG-OH) , amine-PEG-COOH (NH2-PEG-COOH) , diethylene triamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, PEG may be represented by - (CH2CH2O) x-, wherein x may be an integer ranging from 1 to 20.
[0293] Any linker structure as provided below can be used. In some embodiments, the left terminus of the structure is a connecting position to the antibody. In some embodiments, the right terminus thereof is a connecting position to the drug. As an example, VA in the linker structures given below represents an amino acid sequence consisting of valine-alanine (VA) linked through peptide bonds, and GGFG in the linker structures given below represents an amino acid sequence consisting of glycine-glycine-phenylalanine-glycine (GGFG) linked through peptide bonds.
[0294] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0295] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0296] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-PABC-;
[0297] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0298] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0299] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0300] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;
[0301] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0302] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0303] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0304] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0305] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0306] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0307] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0308] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0309] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0310] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0311] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0312] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0313] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0314] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0315] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0316] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-PABC-;
[0317] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0318] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2o-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0319] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0320] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;
[0321] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0322] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0323] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0324] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0325] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0326] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0327] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;
[0328] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0329] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0330] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0331] - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;
[0332] -CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -; and
[0333] -C (=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -.
[0334] In some embodiments, the linker may include a spacer. In some embodiments, the spacer may include a self-immolative spacer. For example, the self-immolative spacer may include p-aminobenzoxy carbonyl (PABC) or p-aminobenzyl (PAB) .
[0335] In some embodiments, the cleavable peptide can be directly spliced to the spacer.
[0336] In some embodiments, the L may include: -Val‐Cit-PABC-, -Val‐Ala-PABC-, -Glu‐Val‐Cit‐PABC-, -Ala‐Ala‐Asn‐PABC-, -Gly-Val-Cit‐PABC-, -Gly-Gly-Gly‐PABC-, -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-PABC-, -Val‐Cit-PAB-, -Val‐Ala-PAB-, -Glu‐Val‐Cit‐PAB-, -Ala‐Ala‐Asn‐PAB-, -Gly-Val-Cit‐PAB-, -Gly-Gly-Gly‐PAB-, or -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-PAB-.
[0337] For example, the L can be selected from the following structure:
[0338] In some embodiments, the p-aminobenzoxy carbonyl (PABC) or p-aminobenzyl (PAB) may include a polysarcosine (poly-N-methylglycine) residue.
[0339] In some embodiments, the L is selected from the following structure:
[0340] wherein n5 denotes an integer from 0 to 20, optionally the n5 can denote an integer from 1 to 15.
[0341] For example, the n5 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20.
[0342] For example, the n5 can denote an integer from 1 to 20, 1 to 19, 1 to 18, 1 to 17, 1 to 16, 1 to 15, 1 to 14, 1 to 13, 1 to 12, 1 to 11, 1 to 10, 1 to 9, 1 to 8, 1 to 7, 1 to 6, 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2, 2 to 20, 2 to 19, 2 to 18, 2 to 17, 2 to 16, 2 to 15, 2 to 14, 2 to 13, 2 to 12, 2 to 11, 2 to 10, 2 to 9, 2 to 8, 2 to 7, 2 to 6, 2 to 5, 2 to 4, 2 to 3, 3 to 20, 3 to 19, 3 to 18, 3 to 17, 3 to 16, 3 to 15, 3 to 14, 3 to 13, 3 to 12, 3 to 11, 3 to 10, 3 to 9, 3 to 8, 3 to 7, 3 to 6, 3 to 5, 3 to 4, 4 to 20, 4 to 19, 4 to 18, 4 to 17, 4 to 16, 4 to 15, 4 to 14, 4 to 13, 4 to 12, 4 to 11, 4 to 10, 4 to 9, 4 to 8, 4 to 7, 4 to 6, 4 to 5, 5 to 20, 5 to 19, 5 to 18, 5 to 17, 5 to 16, 5 to 15, 5 to 14, 5 to 13, 5 to 12, 5 to 11, 5 to 10, 5 to 9, 5 to 8, 5 to 7, 5 to 6, 6 to 20, 6 to 19, 6 to 18, 6 to 17, 6 to 16, 6 to 15, 6 to 14, 6 to 13, 6 to 12, 6 to 11, 6 to 10, 6 to 9, 6 to 8, 6 to 7, 7 to 20, 7 to 19, 7 to 18, 7 to 17, 7 to 16, 7 to 15, 7 to 14, 7 to 13, 7 to 12, 7 to 11, 7 to 10, 7 to 9, 7 to 8, 8 to 20, 8 to 19, 8 to 18, 8 to 17, 8 to 16, 8 to 15, 8 to 14, 8 to 13, 8 to 12, 8 to 11, 8 to 10, 8 to 9, 9 to 20, 9 to 19, 9 to 18, 9 to 17, 9 to 16, 9 to 15, 9 to 14, 9 to 13, 9 to 12, 9 to 11, 9 to 10, 10 to 20, 10 to 19, 10 to 18, 10 to 17, 10 to 16, 10 to 15, 10 to 14, 10 to 13, 10 to 12 or 10 to 11.
[0343] For example, the n5 can denote an integer from 1 to 7. For example, the n5 can denote an integer from 8 to 15.
[0344] For example, the L can be selected from the following structure:
[0345] (also referred to as “T1000 linker” )
[0346] and
[0347] The antibody drug conjugate can be produced by reacting the compound obtainable by a known method (e.g., obtainable by a method described in the patent publication literature US2016 / 297890 (e.g., obtainable by a method described herein) ) , with the antibody having a sulfhydryl group. The antibody having a sulfhydryl group can be obtained by a method well known to a person skilled in the art (see, e.g., Hermanson, G. T, Bioconjugate Techniques, pp. 56-136, pp. 456-493, Academic Press (1996) ) .
[0348] One specific example of the antibody-drug conjugate can include an antibody-drug conjugate having a structure represented by the following formula:
[0349] wherein n can be any number from 1 to 10. In some embodiments, the n can be any number from 1 to 9.5, 1 to 9, 1 to 8.5, 1 to 8, 1 to 7.5, 1 to 7, 1 to 6.5, 1 to 6, 1 to 5.5, 1 to 5, 1 to 4.5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3.5, 1 to 3, 1 to 2.5, 1 to 2, 1 to 1.5, 1.5 to 9.5, 1.5 to 9, 1.5 to 8.5, 1.5 to 8, 1.5 to 7.5, 1.5 to 7, 1.5 to 6.5, 1.5 to 6, 1.5 to 5.5, 1.5 to 5, 1.5 to 4.5, 1.5 to 4, 1.5 to 3.5, 1.5 to 3, 1.5 to 2.5, 1.5 to 2, 2 to 9.5, 2 to 9, 2 to 8.5, 2 to 8, 2 to 7.5, 2 to 7, 2 to 6.5, 2 to 6, 2 to 5.5, 2 to 5, 2 to 4.5, 2 to 4, 2 to 3.5, 2 to 3, 2 to 2.5, 2.5 to 9.5, 2.5 to 9, 2.5 to 8.5, 2.5 to 8, 2.5 to 7.5, 2.5 to 7, 2.5 to 6.5, 2.5 to 6, 2.5 to 5.5, 2.5 to 5, 2.5 to 4.5, 2.5 to 4, 2.5 to 3.5, 2.5 to 3, 3 to 9.5, 3 to 9, 3 to 8.5, 3 to 8, 3 to 7.5, 3 to 7, 3 to 6.5, 3 to 6, 3 to 5.5, 3 to 5, 3 to 4.5, 3 to 4, 3 to 3.5, 3.5 to 9.5, 3.5 to 9, 3.5 to 8.5, 3.5 to 8, 3.5 to 7.5, 3.5 to 7, 3.5 to 6.5, 3.5 to 6, 3.5 to 5.5, 3.5 to 5, 3.5 to 4.5, 3.5 to 4, 4 to 9.5, 4 to 9, 4 to 8.5, 4 to 8, 4 to 7.5, 4 to 7, 4 to 6.5, 4 to 6, 4 to 5.5, 4 to 5, 4 to 4.5, 4.5 to 9.5, 4.5 to 9, 4.5 to 8.5, 4.5 to 8, 4.5 to 7.5, 4.5 to 7, 4.5 to 6.5, 4.5 to 6, 4.5 to 5.5, 4.5 to 5, 5 to 9.5, 5 to 9, 5 to 8.5, 5 to 8, 5 to 7.5, 5 to 7, 5 to 6.5, 5 to 6, 5 to 5.5, 5.5 to 9.5, 5.5 to 9, 5.5 to 8.5, 5.5 to 8, 5.5 to 7.5, 5.5 to 7, 5.5 to 6.5, 5.5 to 6, 6 to 9.5, 6 to 9, 6 to 8.5, 6 to 8, 6 to 7.5, 6 to 7, 6 to 6.5, 6.5 to 9.5, 6.5 to 9, 6.5 to 8.5, 6.5 to 8, 6.5 to 7.5, 6.5 to 7, 7 to 9.5, 7 to 9, 7 to 8.5, 7 to 8, 7 to 7.5, 7.5 to 9.5, 7.5 to 9, 7.5 to 8.5, 7.5 to 8, 8 to 9.5, 8 to 9, 8 to 8.5, 8.5 to 9.5, or 8.5 to 9.
[0350] In this context, Ab represents the anti-CDH6 antibody as disclosed, and the anti-CDH6 antibody is conjugated to the linker-payload via a sulfhydryl group stemming from the antibody. In this context, n has the same meaning as that of the so-called DAR (drug-to-antibody ratio) and represents a drug-to-antibody ratio per antibody. Specifically, n represents the number of conjugated drug molecules per antibody molecule, which is a numeric value defined and indicated as an average value, i.e., the average number of conjugated drug molecules. In some embodiments, n can be 2 to 8, such as 5 to 8 (e.g., 7 to 8) in measurement by common procedure F. In some embodiments, n is 8.
[0351] One example of the antibody-drug conjugate as disclosed can include an antibody-drug conjugate having a structure represented by the above-described formula wherein the antibody represented by Ab may include any one antibody selected from the group consisting of the following antibodies (a) to (k) , a functional fragment of the antibody, and a pharmacologically acceptable salt of the antibody-drug conjugate:
[0352] (a) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 73;
[0353] (b) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 76;
[0354] (c) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77;
[0355] (d) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 76;
[0356] (e) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77;
[0357] (f) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 80 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 81;
[0358] (g) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82;
[0359] (h) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 83;
[0360] (i) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 84;
[0361] (j) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 79 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82;
[0362] (k) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 79 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 83;
[0363] (l) an antibody consisting of a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 79 and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 84;
[0364] (m) any one antibody selected from the group consisting of the antibodies (a) to (j) , wherein the heavy chain or the light chain may include one or two or more modifications selected from the group consisting of posttranslational modifications typified by N-linked glycosylation, O-linked glycosylation, N-terminal processing, C-terminal processing, deamidation, isomerization of aspartic acid, oxidation of methionine, addition of a methionine residue to the N-terminus, amidation of a proline residue, and conversion of N-terminal glutamine or N-terminal glutamic acid to pyroglutamic acid, and a deletion of one or two amino acids at the carboxyl terminus.
[0365] One example of the antibody-drug conjugate as disclosed can include an antibody-drug conjugate having a structure represented by the following formula:
[0366] ; wherein n can be any number from 1 to 10;
[0367] wherein the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, and / or a light chain variable region comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; and (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7; and wherein n is a number from 1 to 10 (e.g., 2 to 10, 4 to 10, 5 to 10, 6 to 10, 7 to 10, and 8 to 10) . In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23. In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 66, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68. In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include CL069707-H1L1, CL069707-H1L2, CL069707-H2L1, or CL069707-H2L2.
[0368] One example of the antibody-drug conjugate as disclosed can include an antibody-drug conjugate having a structure represented by the following formula:
[0369] ; wherein n can be any number from 1 to 10;
[0370] wherein the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9; and (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, and / or a light chain variable region comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12; and (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13; and wherein n is a number from 1 to 10 (e.g., 2 to 10, 4 to 10, 5 to 10, 6 to 10, 7 to 10, and 8 to 10) . In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46. In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 67, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 69. In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include CL069463-H1L1, CL069463-H1L2, CL069463-H1L3, CL069463-H2L1, CL069463-H2L2, or CL069463-H2L3.
[0371] One example of the antibody-drug conjugate as disclosed can include an antibody-drug conjugate having a structure represented by the following formula:
[0372] ; wherein n can be any number from 1 to 10;
[0373] wherein the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 89; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 90; and (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 91, and / or a light chain variable region comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 92; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 93; and (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94; and wherein n is a number from 1 to 10 (e.g., 2 to 10, 4 to 10, 5 to 10, 6 to 10, 7 to 10, and 8 to 10) . In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 95, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 96.
[0374] One example of the antibody-drug conjugate as disclosed can include an antibody-drug conjugate having a structure represented by the following formula:
[0375] ; wherein n can be any number from 1 to 10;
[0376] wherein the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 98; and (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 99, and / or a light chain variable region comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101; and (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102; and wherein n is a number from 1 to 10 (e.g., 2 to 10, 4 to 10, 5 to 10, 6 to 10, 7 to 10, and 8 to 10) . In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 103, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 104.
[0377] One example of the antibody-drug conjugate as disclosed can include an antibody-drug conjugate having a structure represented by the following formula:
[0378] ; wherein n can be any number from 1 to 10; wherein the linker of the formula herein is named as T1000 and the linker-payload of the formula herein is named as T1000-e.
[0379] wherein the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising (1) a heavy chain CDR1 (HCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2; (2) a heavy chain CDR2 (HCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3; and (3) a heavy chain CDR3 (HCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, and / or a light chain variable region comprising (1) a light chain CDR1 (LCDR1) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5; (2) a light chain CDR2 (LCDR2) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6; and (3) a light chain CDR3 (LCDR3) having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7; and wherein n is a number from 1 to 10 (e.g., 2 to 10, 4 to 10, 5 to 10, 6 to 10, 7 to 10, and 8 to 10) . In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23. In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 66, and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68. In some embodiments, the antibody represented by Ab may include CL069707-H1L1.
[0380] CUSP06 is a human CDH6-targeted antibody drug conjugate containing three components: 1) the humanized anti-CDH6 IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) covalently linked to, 2) a topoisomerase inhibitor payload (exatecan) , via, 3) the T1000 linker containing a protease-cleavable valine-alaine linker and a polysarcosine modified para-aminobenzyl carbamate (PABC) self-immolative spacer. CUSP06 has a drug to antibody ratio (DAR) of 8. The humanized anti-CDH6 IgG1 monoclonal antibody contained in CUSP06 has a heavy chain having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 and a light chain having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 76. This humanized anti-CDH6 IgG1 monoclonal antibody is also designated CL069707-H1L1 in Table 1. The structure of CUSP06 is set forth below:
[0381] where n=8.
[0382] Examples of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates and the linkers that can be used in this disclosure include those described in International Patent Application Nos. PCT / CN2022 / 137932 and PCT / CN2022 / 089724, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0383] Pharmaceutical Compositions and Kits
[0384] The anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates for treating uterine cancer can be formulated in a pharmaceutical composition, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The composition may optionally contain one or more additional pharmaceutically active ingredients, such as another antibody or a therapeutic agent. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition may include two or more of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugates described herein.
[0385] The pharmaceutical composition can comprise any number of excipients. Excipients that can be used include carriers, surface-active agents, thickening or emulsifying agents, solid binders, dispersion or suspension aids, solubilizers, colorants, flavoring agents, coatings, disintegrating agents, lubricants, sweeteners, preservatives, isotonic agents, and combinations thereof. The selection and use of suitable excipients are taught in Gennaro, ed., Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 20th Ed. (Lippincott Williams &Wilkins 2003) , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[0386] In some embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition is suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, parenteral, spinal, or epidermal administration (e.g., by injection or infusion) . Depending on the route of administration, the active compound can be coated in a material to protect it from the action of acids and other natural conditions that may inactivate it. The phrase “parenteral administration” as used herein means modes of administration other than enteral and topical administration, usually by injection, and includes, without limitation, intravenous, intramuscular, intraarterial, intrathecal, intracapsular, intraorbital, intracardiac, intradermal, intraperitoneal, transtracheal, subcutaneous, subcuticular, intraarticular, subcapsular, subarachnoid, intraspinal, epidural and intrasternal injection, and infusion.
[0387] The pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared in many forms that include tablets, hard or soft gelatin capsules, aqueous solutions, suspensions, liposomes, and other slow-release formulations, such as shaped polymeric gels. An oral dosage form may be formulated such that the antibody is released into the intestine after passing through the stomach. Such formulations are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,306,434 and in the references contained therein. Oral liquid pharmaceutical compositions may be in the form of, for example, aqueous or oily suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups, or elixirs, or may be presented as a dry product for constitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use. Such liquid pharmaceutical compositions may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, emulsifying agents, non-aqueous vehicles (which may include edible oils) , or preservatives.
[0388] The pharmaceutical composition can be formulated for parenteral administration (e.g., by injection, for example, bolus injection or continuous infusion) and may be presented in unit dosage form in ampules, prefilled syringes, small volume infusion containers, or multi-dose containers with an added preservative. The pharmaceutical compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions, or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles and may contain formulatory agents such as suspending, stabilizing, and / or dispersing agents. Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for rectal administration can be prepared as unit dose suppositories. Suitable carriers include saline solution and other materials commonly used in the art.
[0389] For administration by inhalation, an antibody can be conveniently delivered from an insufflator, nebulizer, a pressurized pack, or other convenient means of delivering an aerosol spray. Pressurized packs may comprise a suitable propellant such as dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, carbon dioxide, or other suitable gas. In the case of a pressurized aerosol, the dosage unit may be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount. Alternatively, for administration by inhalation or insufflation, a pharmaceutical composition may take the form of a dry powder composition, for example, a powder mix of a modulator and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch. The powder composition may be presented in a unit dosage form in, for example, capsules or cartridges or, e.g., gelatin or blister packs from which the powder may be administered with the aid of an inhalator or insufflator. For intra-nasal administration, an antibody may be administered via a liquid spray, such as via a plastic bottle atomizer.
[0390] Pharmaceutical compositions may also contain other ingredients such as flavorings, colorings, anti-microbial agents, or preservatives. It will be appreciated that the amount of an antibody required for use in treatment will vary not only with the particular carrier selected but also with the route of administration, the nature of the condition being treated, and the age and condition of the patient. Ultimately, the attendant health care provider may determine a proper dosage. In addition, a pharmaceutical composition may be formulated as a single unit dosage form.
[0391] The pharmaceutical composition can be sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions, or it can be formulated as a microemulsion, liposome, or other ordered structure suitable for high drug concentration.
[0392] A pharmaceutical composition described herein can be in a sustained release formulation, in which case less frequent administration is required. Dosage and frequency vary depending on the half-life of the active ingredient in the patient. In general, human antibodies show the longest half-life, followed by humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies, and nonhuman antibodies. The dosage and frequency of administration can vary depending on whether the treatment is prophylactic or therapeutic. In prophylactic applications, a relatively low dosage is administered at relatively infrequent intervals over a long period of time. Some patients continue to receive treatment for the rest of their lives. In therapeutic applications, a relatively high dosage at relatively short intervals is sometimes required until progression of the disease is reduced or terminated, and preferably until the patient shows partial or complete amelioration of symptoms of disease. Thereafter, the patient can be administered a prophylactic regimen.
[0393] The amount of active ingredient that can be combined with a carrier material to produce a single dosage form will vary depending upon the subject being treated and the particular mode of administration and will generally be that amount of the composition, which produces a therapeutic effect. Generally, out of one hundred percent, this amount will range from about 0.01%to about 99%of active ingredient, preferably from about 0.1%to about 70%, most preferably from about 1%to about 30%of active ingredient in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
[0394] Dosage regimens can be adjusted to provide the optimum desired response (e.g., a therapeutic response) . For example, a single bolus can be administered, several divided doses can be administered over time, or the dose can be proportionally reduced or increased as indicated by the exigencies of the therapeutic situation. It is especially advantageous to formulate parenteral compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form, as used herein, refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subjects to be treated; each unit contains a predetermined quantity of active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. A “therapeutically effective dosage” of an antibody of the invention preferably results in a decrease in severity of disease symptoms, an increase in frequency and duration of disease symptom-free periods, or a prevention of impairment or disability due to the disease affliction.
[0395] The pharmaceutical composition can be a controlled release formulation, including implants, transdermal patches, and microencapsulated delivery systems. Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate, polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and polylactic acid. See, e.g., Sustained and Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems, J. R. Robinson, ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1978.
[0396] Therapeutic compositions can be administered via medical devices such as (1) needleless hypodermic injection devices (e.g., US 5,399,163; 5,383,851; 5,312,335; 5,064,413; 4,941,880; 4,790,824; and 4,596,556) ; (2) micro-infusion pumps (US 4,487,603) ; (3) transdermal devices (US 4,486,194) ; (4) infusion apparati (US 4,447,233 and 4,447,224) ; and (5) osmotic devices (US 4,439,196 and 4,475,196) ; the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0397] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition described herein can be formulated to ensure proper distribution in vivo. For example, to ensure that the active ingredient crosses the blood-brain barrier, it can be formulated in liposomes, which may additionally comprise targeting moieties to enhance selective transport to specific cells or organs. See, e.g., US 4,522,811; 5,374,548; 5,416,016; and 5,399,331; V.V. Ranade (1989) Clin. Pharmacol. 29: 685; Umezawa et al., (1988) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 153: 1038; Bloeman et al. (1995) FEBS Lett. 357: 140; M. Owais et al. (1995) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39: 180; Briscoe et al. (1995) Am. J. Physiol. 1233: 134; Schreier et al. (1994) . Biol. Chem. 269: 9090; Keinanen and Laukkanen (1994) FEBS Lett. 346: 123; and Killion and Fidler (1994) Immunomethods 4: 273.
[0398] A “pharmaceutical composition” refers to a preparation which is in such form as to permit administration and subsequently provide the intended biological activity of the active ingredient (s) and / or to achieve a therapeutic effect, and which contains no additional components which are unacceptably toxic to a subject to which the formulation would be administered. The pharmaceutical composition may be sterile.
[0399] A “pharmaceutical excipient” may include a material such as an adjuvant, a carrier, pH-adjusting, and buffering agents, tonicity-adjusting agents, wetting agents, preservatives, and the like.
[0400] “Pharmaceutically acceptable” means approved or approvable by a regulatory agency of the Federal or state government or listed in the U.S. Pharmacopeia or other generally recognized pharmacopeia for use in animals and, more particularly, in humans.
[0401] An “effective amount” of an ADC as disclosed herein is an amount sufficient to perform a specifically stated purpose, for example, to produce a therapeutic effect after administration, such as a reduction in tumor growth rate or tumor volume, a reduction in a symptom of cancer, or some other indicia of treatment efficacy. An effective amount can be determined in a routine manner in relation to the stated purpose. The term “therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount of an ADC effective to treat a disease or disorder in a subject. In the case of cancer, a therapeutically effective amount of ADC can reduce the number of cancer cells, reduce tumor size, inhibit (e.g., slow or stop) tumor metastasis, inhibit (e.g., slow or stop) tumor growth, and / or relieve one or more symptoms. A “prophylactically effective amount” refers to an amount effective, at dosages and for periods of time necessary, to achieve the desired prophylactic result. Typically, since a prophylactic dose is used in subjects prior to or at an earlier stage of disease, the prophylactically effective amount will be less than the therapeutically effective amount.
[0402] In various embodiments, kits for use in the laboratory and therapeutic applications described herein are within the scope of the present disclosure. Such kits may comprise a carrier, package, or container that is compartmentalized to receive one or more containers such as vials, tubes, and the like, each of the container (s) comprising one of the separate elements to be used in a method disclosed herein, along with a label or insert comprising instructions for use, such as use described herein. Kits may comprise a container comprising a drug moiety. The present disclosure also provides one or more of the ADCs, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof, packaged in a hermetically sealed container, such as an ampoule or sachet, indicating the quantity of the agent.
[0403] Kits may comprise the container described above and one or more other containers associated therewith that comprise materials desirable from a commercial and user standpoint, including buffers, diluents, filters, needles, and syringes; carrier, package, container, vial, and / or tube labels listing contents and / or instructions for use; and package inserts with instructions for use.
[0404] A label may be present on or with the container to indicate that the composition is used for a specific therapy or non-therapeutic application, such as a prognostic, prophylactic, diagnostic, or laboratory application. A label may also indicate directions for either in vivo or in vitro use, such as those described herein. Directions and / or other information may also be included on an insert (s) or label (s) , which is included with or on the kit. The label may be on or associated with the container. A label may be on a container when letters, numbers, or other characters forming the label are molded or etched into the container itself. A label may be associated with a container when it is present within a receptacle or carrier that also holds the container, e.g., as a package insert. The label may indicate that the composition is used for diagnosing or treating a condition, such as a cancer described herein.
[0405] It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that other suitable modifications and adaptations of the methods of the invention described herein are obvious and may be made using suitable equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention or the embodiments disclosed herein. Having now described the invention in detail, the same will be more clearly understood by reference to the following examples, which are included for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
[0406] Additional Definitions
[0407] To aid in understanding the detailed description of the compositions and methods according to the disclosure, a few express definitions are provided to facilitate an unambiguous disclosure of the various aspects of the disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0408] As used herein, the term “antibody” as used herein generally refers to a polypeptide of the immunoglobulin family that is capable of binding a corresponding antigen non-covalently, reversibly, and in a specific manner. For example, a naturally occurring IgG antibody is a tetramer comprising at least two heavy (H) chains and two light (L) chains inter-connected by disulfide bonds. Each heavy chain is comprised of a heavy chain variable region (abbreviated herein as VH) and a heavy chain constant region. The heavy chain constant region is comprised of three domains: CH1, CH2, and CH3. Each light chain is comprised of a light chain variable region (abbreviated herein as VL) and a light chain constant region. The light chain constant region is comprised of one domain, CL. The VH and VL regions can be further subdivided into regions of hypervariability, termed complementarity determining regions (CDR) , interspersed with regions that are more conserved, termed framework regions (FR) . Each VH and VL is composed of three CDRs and four FRs arranged from amino-terminus to carboxy-terminus in the following order: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, and FR4. The variable regions of the heavy and light chains contain a binding domain that interacts with an antigen. The constant regions of the antibodies may mediate the binding of the immunoglobulin to host tissues or factors, including various cells of the immune system (e.g., effector cells) and the first component (Clq) of the classical complement system.
[0409] As used herein, the term “antibody” includes, but is not limited to, monoclonal antibodies, human antibodies, humanized antibodies, camelid antibodies, and chimeric antibodies. The antibodies can be of any isotype / class (e.g., IgG, IgE, IgM, IgD, IgA and IgY) or subclass (e.g., IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2) .
[0410] As used herein, the term “Complementarity determining domains” is used herein interchangeably with the term “complementary determining regions” ( “CDRs” ) , and generally refers to the hypervariable regions of VL and VH. The CDRs are the target protein-binding site of the antibody chains that harbor specificity for such target protein. There are three CDRs (CDR1-3, numbered sequentially from the N-terminus) in each human VL or VH, constituting about 15-20%of the variable domains. CDRs can be referred to by their region and order. For example, “VH CDR1” or “HCDR1” both refer to the first CDR of the heavy chain variable region. The CDRs are structurally complementary to the epitope of the target protein and are thus directly responsible for the binding specificity. The remaining stretches of the VL or VH, the so-called framework regions, exhibit less variation in amino acid sequence (Kuby, Immunology, 4th ed., Chapter 4. W.H. Freeman &Co., New York, 2000) . In the art, the CDR of the antibody can be defined by various methods, such as a Kabat definition rule based on sequence variability (see Kabat et al., protein sequence in immunology, 5th edition, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (1991) ) , a Chothia definition rule based on the position of a structural loop region (see A1-Lazikani et al., J Mol Biol 273: 927-48, 1997) and an IMGT definition rule based on the concept of IMGT-ONTOLOGY and IMGT Scientific chart rules. In certain embodiments, the present application uses the IMGT rules to define the CDRs of an antibody. The definition rules of Martin, PyIgClassify, and the Combined definition rules of Kabat, Chothia, IMGT, Martin, and PyIgClassify are also included in this application. (See Mark L. Chiu et al., Antibodies 8 (4) , 55, 2019) .
[0411] Both the light and heavy chains are divided into regions of structural and functional homology. As used herein, the terms “constant” and “variable” are used functionally. In this regard, it will be appreciated that the variable domains of both the light (VL) and heavy (VH) chain portions determine antigen recognition and specificity. Conversely, the constant domains of the light chain (CL) and the heavy chain (CH1, CH2 or CH3) confer important biological properties such as secretion, transplacental mobility, Fc receptor binding, complement binding, and the like. By convention, the numbering of the constant region domains increases as they become more distal from the antigen binding site or amino terminus of the antibody. The N-terminus is a variable region, and the C-terminus is a constant region; the CH3 and CL domains actually comprise the carboxy-terminal domains of the heavy and light chains, respectively.
[0412] As used herein, the term “antigen binding fragment, ” as used herein, generally refers to a polypeptide including one or more portions of an antibody that retain the ability to specifically interact with (e.g., by binding, steric hindrance, stabilizing / destabilizing, spatial distribution) an epitope of an antigen. Examples of binding fragments include, but are not limited to, single-chain Fvs (scFv) , disulfide-linked Fvs (sdFv) , Fab fragments, F (ab’ ) fragments, a monovalent fragment consisting of the VL, VH, CL, and CH1 domains; a F (ab’ ) 2 fragment, a bivalent fragment comprising two Fab fragments linked by a disulfide bridge at the hinge region; a Fd fragment consisting of the VH and CH1 domains; a Fv fragment consisting of the VL and VH domains of a single arm of an antibody; a dAb fragment (Ward et al., Nature 341: 544-546, 1989) , which consists of a VH domain; and an isolated complementarity determining region (CDR) or other epitope-binding fragments of an antibody.
[0413] Antigen binding fragments also comprise single domain antibodies, maxibodies, minibodies, nanobodies, intrabodies, diabodies, triabodies, tetrabodies, and bis-scFv (see, e.g., Hollinger and Hudson, Nature Biotechnology 23: 1126-1136, 2005) . Antigen binding fragments can also comprise single chain molecules comprising a pair of tandem Fv segments (VH-CH1-VH-CH1) which, together with complementary light chain polypeptides, form a pair of antigen binding regions (Zapata et al, Protein Eng. 8: 1057-1062, 1995) . A fragment of a conventional antibody may also be a single domain antibody, such as a heavy chain antibody or VHH.
[0414] As used herein, the term “monoclonal antibody” as used herein generally refers to polypeptides, including antibodies and antigen binding fragments that have substantially identical amino acid sequence or are derived from the same genetic source. This term also includes preparations of antibody molecules of single molecular composition. A monoclonal antibody composition displays a single binding specificity and affinity for a particular epitope.
[0415] As used herein, the term “humanized antibody” generally refers to an antibody that includes sequences of heavy chain variable regions and light chain variable regions derived from non-human species (e.g., mice) , but in which at least a portion of the VH and / or VL sequences have been changed to be similar to the human germline variable sequences. For example, the term “humanized antibody” is an antibody or a variant, derivative, analog, or fragment thereof that can bind to a related antigen with immune specificity and includes a framework region (FR) which includes substantially an amino acid sequence of a human antibody and a complementary determining region (CDR) which includes substantially an amino acid sequence of a non-human antibody. In the context of CDR, the term “substantially” means that the amino acid sequence of CDR has at least 75%, e.g., at least 75%, at least 76%, at least 77%, at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, or at least 99%identity with an amino acid sequence of CDR of a non-human antibody. The humanized antibodies include substantially at least one, typically two variable domains (Fab, Fab’ , F (ab’ ) 2, Fab, Fv) , wherein all or substantially all CDR regions correspond to the CDR region of a non-human immunoglobulin and all or substantially all framework regions are frame regions with the consensus sequence of a human immunoglobulin. In some embodiments, the humanized antibody can further include at least a portion of a constant region of immunoglobulin (Fc) , typically a constant region of human immunoglobulin.
[0416] As used herein, the term “human antibody” generally refers to an antibody with variable and constant regions derived from the sequence of immunoglobulin of the human germ line. Human antibodies are well known in the prior art (e.g., please refer to van Dijk, M.A. and van de Winkel, J.G., Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 5 (2001) 368-374) . The human antibodies can also be generated in transgenic animals (e.g., mice) which can generate a complete or selected set of human antibodies in the absence of generated endogenous immunoglobulin after immunization (e.g., Jakobovits, A. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 (1993) 2551-2555; Jakobovits, A. et al., Nature 362 (1993) 255-258; Brueggemann, M. et al., Immunol. 7 (1993) 33-40) . The human antibodies can also be generated in a phage display library (e.g., Hoogenboom, H.R. and Winter, G., J. Mol. Biol. 227 (1992) 381-388; Marks, J.D. et al., J. Mol. Biol. 222 (1991) 581-597) . The term “human antibody” can also include antibodies modified in the constant regions.
[0417] As used herein, the term “chimeric antibody” generally refers to an engineered antibody which in its broadest sense contains one or more regions from one antibody and one or more regions from one or more other antibody (ies) . In particular a chimeric antibody may include a VH domain and a VL domain of an antibody derived from a non-human animal, in association with a CH domain and a CL domain of another antibody, in particular a human antibody. As a non-human animal, any animal such as mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit or the like can be used. A chimeric antibody may also denote a multispecific antibody having specificity for at least two different antigens.
[0418] As used herein, the terms “purified” and “isolated, ” when referring to a polypeptide (i.e., the antibody of this disclosure) or a nucleotide sequence, indicate that the molecule is present in the substantial absence of other biological macromolecules of the same type. As used herein, the term “purified, ” as used herein in particular, means that at least 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98%by weight of biological macromolecules of the same type are present. An “isolated” nucleic acid molecule that encodes a particular polypeptide refers to a nucleic acid molecule that is substantially free of other nucleic acid molecules that do not encode the subject polypeptide; however, the molecule may include some additional bases or moieties, which do not deleteriously affect the basic characteristics of the composition. This disclosure may contain, for example, an isolated antigen-binding protein, an isolated antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, an isolated polypeptide, an isolated nucleic acid molecule, or molecules.
[0419] As used herein, the term “affinity” is generally defined by the equilibrium association between the whole antibody and the antigen. Affinity may be expressed, for example, in half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) or the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) . Affinity can be experimentally assessed by a variety of known methods, such as measuring association and dissociation rates with surface Plasmon resonance or measuring the EC50 in an immunochemical assay (ELISA, FACS) .
[0420] As used herein, the term “half maximal effective concentration” or “EC50” generally refers to the concentration of a drug, antibody, or toxicant that induces a response halfway between the baseline and maximum after a specified exposure time. EC50 and affinity are inversely related; the lower the EC50 value, the higher the affinity of the antibody.
[0421] As used herein, the term “KD” refers to the equilibrium dissociation constant, a ratio of koff / kon, between the antibody and its antigen. KD and affinity are inversely related. The KD value relates to the concentration of the antibody, and the lower the KD value, the higher the affinity of the antibody. The antibodies of the present disclosure generally will have an equilibrium dissociation constant of less than about 10-7 M or 10-8 M, for example, less than about 10-9 M or 10-10 M, in some embodiments, less than about 10-11 M, 10-12 M or 10-13 M.
[0422] As used herein, the term “conservatively modified variant” applies to both amino acid and nucleic acid sequences. With respect to particular nucleic acid sequences, conservatively modified variant refers to those nucleic acids that encode identical or essentially identical amino acid sequences or where the nucleic acid does not encode an amino acid sequence to essentially identical sequences. Because of the degeneracy of the genetic code, a large number of functionally identical nucleic acids encode any given protein. For instance, the codons GCA, GCC, GCG, and GCU all encode the amino acid alanine. Thus, at every position where an alanine is specified by a codon, the codon can be altered to any of the corresponding codons described without altering the encoded polypeptide. Such nucleic acid variations are “silent variations, ” which are one species of conservatively modified variations. Every nucleic acid sequence herein, which encodes a polypeptide, also describes every possible silent variation of the nucleic acid. One of skill will recognize that each codon in a nucleic acid (except AUG, which is ordinarily the only codon for methionine, and TGG, which is ordinarily the only codon for tryptophan) can be modified to yield a functionally identical molecule. Accordingly, each silent variation of a nucleic acid that encodes a polypeptide is implicit in each described sequence.
[0423] For polypeptide sequences, “conservatively modified variants” include individual substitutions, deletions, or additions to a polypeptide sequence, which result in the substitution of an amino acid with a chemically similar amino acid. Conservative substitution tables providing functionally similar amino acids are well-known in the art. Such conservatively modified variants are in addition to and do not exclude polymorphic variants, interspecies homologs, and alleles. The following eight groups contain amino acids that are conservative substitutions for one another: 1) Alanine (A) , Glycine (G) ; 2) Aspartic acid (D) , Glutamic acid (E) ; 3) Asparagine (N) , Glutamine (Q) ; 4) Arginine (R) , Lysine (K) ; 5) Isoleucine (I) , Leucine (L) , Methionine (M) , Valine (V) ; 6) Phenylalanine (F) , Tyrosine (Y) , Tryptophan (W) ; 7) Serine (S) , Threonine (T) ; and 8) Cysteine (C) , Methionine (M) (see, e.g., Creighton, Proteins (1984) ) . In some aspects, the term “conservative sequence modifications” is used to refer to amino acid modifications that do not significantly affect or alter the binding characteristics of the antibody containing the amino acid sequence.
[0424] As used herein, the term “percent identical” or “percent identity, ” in the context of two or more nucleic acids or polypeptide sequences, refers to the extent to which two or more sequences or subsequences that are the same. Two sequences are “identical” if they have the same sequence of amino acids or nucleotides over the region being compared. Two sequences are “substantially identical” if two sequences have a specified percentage of amino acid residues or nucleotides that are the same (i.e., 60%identity, optionally 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%or 99%identity over a specified region or, when not specified, over the entire sequence) , when compared and aligned for maximum correspondence over a comparison window or designated region as measured using one of the following sequence comparison algorithms or by manual alignment and visual inspection. Optionally, the identity exists over a region that is at least about 30 nucleotides (or 10 amino acids) in length or more, such as over a region that is 100 to 500 or 1000 or more nucleotides (or 20, 50, 200, or more amino acids) in length. Two examples of algorithms that are suitable for determining percent sequence identity and sequence similarity are the BLAST and BLAST 2.0 algorithms, which are described in Altschul et al., Nuc. Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402, 1997; and Altschul et al., J. Mol. Biol. 215: 403-410, 1990, respectively.
[0425] Other than the percentage of sequence identity noted above, another indication that two nucleic acid sequences or polypeptides are substantially identical is that the polypeptide encoded by the first nucleic acid is immunologically cross-reactive with the antibodies raised against the polypeptide encoded by the second nucleic acid. Thus, a polypeptide is typically substantially identical to a second polypeptide, for example, where the two peptides differ only by conservative substitutions. Another indication that two nucleic acid sequences are substantially identical is that the two molecules or their complements hybridize with each other under stringent conditions. Yet another indication that two nucleic acid sequences are substantially identical is that the same primers can be used to amplify the sequence.
[0426] As used herein, the term “nucleic acid” is used herein interchangeably with the term “polynucleotide” and generally refers to deoxyribonucleotides or ribonucleotides and polymers thereof in either single-or double-stranded form. The term encompasses nucleic acids containing known nucleotide analogs or modified backbone residues or linkages, which are synthetic, naturally occurring, and non-naturally occurring, which have similar binding properties as the reference nucleic acid, and which are metabolized in a manner similar to the reference nucleotides. Examples of such analogs include, without limitation, phosphorothioates, phosphoramidates, methyl phosphonates, chiral-methyl phosphonates, 2-O-methyl ribonucleotides, peptide-nucleic acids (PNAs) .
[0427] As used herein, the term “polypeptide” is used herein interchangeably with the term “protein” and refers to a polymer of amino acid residues. The terms apply to amino acid polymers in which one or more amino acid residues are an artificial chemical mimetic of a corresponding naturally occurring amino acid, as well as to naturally occurring amino acid polymers and non-naturally occurring amino acid polymers. Unless otherwise indicated, a particular polypeptide sequence also implicitly encompasses conservatively modified variants thereof.
[0428] As used herein, the term “toxin, ” “cytotoxin, ” or “cytotoxic agent, ” as used herein, generally refers to any agent that is detrimental to the growth and proliferation of cells and may act to reduce, inhibit, or destroy a cell or malignancy.
[0429] As used herein, the term “anti-tumor agent” or “antitumor drug” as used herein generally refers to any agent that can be used to treat a cell proliferative disorder such as cancer, including but not limited to, cytotoxic agents, chemotherapeutic agents, radiotherapy and radiotherapeutic agents, targeted anti-cancer agents, and immunotherapeutic agents.
[0430] As used herein, the term “tumor” or “cancer” generally refers to neoplastic cell growth and proliferation, whether malignant or benign, and all pre-cancerous and cancerous cells and tissues. In one embodiment, cancer is uterine cancer.
[0431] As used herein, the term “neoplasm” or “neoplastic” cell refers to an abnormal proliferative stage, e.g., a hyperproliferative stage, in a cell or tissue that can include a benign, pre-malignant, malignant (cancer) , or metastatic stage.
[0432] As used herein, the term “anti-tumor activity” means a reduction in the rate of tumor cell proliferation, viability, or metastatic activity. A possible way of showing anti-tumor activity is to show a decline in the growth rate of tumor cells, tumor size stasis, or tumor size reduction. Such activity can be assessed using accepted in vitro or in vivo tumor models, including but not limited to xenograft models, allograft models, MMTV models, and other known models known in the art to investigate anti-tumor activity.
[0433] As used herein, the term “epitope” is generally used to mean the partial peptide or partial three-dimensional structure of CDH6, to which a specific anti-CDH6 antibody binds.
[0434] As used herein, the term “chemotherapeutic agent” refers to a chemical substance, such as a cytotoxic or cytostatic agent, that is used to treat a condition, particularly cancer.
[0435] As used herein, “cancer therapy” and “cancer treatment” are synonymous terms.
[0436] As used herein, “chemotherapy, ” “chemotherapeutic, ” and “chemotherapeutic agent” are synonymous terms.
[0437] As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable” generally refers to one or more non-toxic substances that do not interfere with the effectiveness of the biological activity of the active ingredient. Such formulations may typically contain salts, buffers, preservatives, compatible carriers, and optionally other therapeutic agents. Such pharmaceutically acceptable formulations may also typically contain compatible solid or liquid fillers, diluents, or encapsulating materials suitable for administration to humans. When used in medicine, the salt should be a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, but non-pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be conveniently used to prepare pharmaceutically acceptable salts and cannot be excluded from the scope as disclosed. Such pharmacologically and pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, salts prepared from the following acids: hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, salicylic acid, citric acid, boric acid, formic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, etc. Pharmacologically acceptable salts can also be prepared as alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, such as sodium, potassium, or calcium salts. The term “solvate” is used herein in the conventional sense to refer to a complex of a solute (e.g., an active compound, a salt of an active compound) and a solvent. Solvates usually do not significantly alter the physiological activity or toxicity of the compound and, therefore, can act as pharmacological equivalents. If the solvent is water, the solvent compound may be conveniently referred to as a hydrate, e.g., monohydrate, dihydrate, trihydrate, etc.
[0438] As used herein, the terms “treat, ” “treating, ” or “treatment” of any disease or disorder refer, in one aspect, to ameliorating the disease or disorder (i.e., slowing or arresting or reducing the development of the disease or at least one of the clinical symptoms thereof) . In another aspect, “treat, ” “treating, ” or “treatment” refers to alleviating or ameliorating at least one physical parameter, including those that may not be discernible by the patient. In yet another aspect, “treat, ” “treating, ” or “treatment” refers to modulating the disease or disorder, either physically (e.g., stabilization of a discernible symptom) , physiologically (e.g., stabilization of a physical parameter) , or both. In yet another aspect, “treat, ” “treating, ” or “treatment” refers to preventing or delaying the onset, development, or progression of the disease or disorder.
[0439] As used herein, the term “therapeutically acceptable amount” or “therapeutically effective dose” interchangeably refers to an amount sufficient to affect the desired result (i.e., a reduction in tumor size, inhibition of tumor growth, prevention of metastasis, inhibition or prevention of viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection) . In some aspects, a therapeutically acceptable amount does not induce or cause undesirable side effects. A therapeutically acceptable amount can be determined by first administering a low dose, and then incrementally increasing that dose until the desired effect is achieved. A “prophylactically effective dosage” and a “therapeutically effective dosage” of the molecules of the present disclosure can prevent the onset of or result in a decrease in the severity of, respectively, disease symptoms, including symptoms associated with cancer.
[0440] As used herein, the term “co-administer” generally refers to the simultaneous presence of two active agents in the blood of an individual. Active agents that are co-administered can be concurrently or sequentially delivered.
[0441] As used herein, the singular forms “a, ” “an, ” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0442] As used herein, the terms “including, ” “comprising, ” “containing, ” or “having” and variations thereof are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional subject matter unless otherwise noted.
[0443] As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment, ” “in various embodiments, ” “in some embodiments, ” and the like are used repeatedly. Such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment but may unless the context dictates otherwise.
[0444] As used herein, the terms “and / or” or “ / ” mean any one of the items, any combination of the items, or all of the items with which this term is associated.
[0445] As used herein, the word “substantially” does not exclude “completely. ” For example, a composition that is “substantially free” from Y may be completely free from Y. Where necessary, the word “substantially” may be omitted from the definition of this disclosure.
[0446] As used herein, the term “each, ” when used in reference to a collection of items, is intended to identify an individual item in the collection but does not necessarily refer to every item in the collection. Exceptions can occur if explicit disclosure or context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0447] As used herein, the term “approximately” or “about, ” as applied to one or more values of interest, refers to a value similar to a stated reference value. In some embodiments, the term “approximately” or “about” refers to a range of values that fall within 25%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, 15%, 14%, 13%, 12%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or less in either direction (greater than or less than) of the stated reference value unless otherwise stated or otherwise evident from the context (except where such a number would exceed 100%of a possible value) . Unless indicated otherwise herein, the term “about” is intended to include values, e.g., weight percents, proximate to the recited range that are equivalent in terms of the functionality of the individual ingredient, the composition, or the embodiment.
[0448] As disclosed herein, a number of ranges of values are provided. It is understood that each intervening value, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, between the upper and lower limits of that range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the disclosure. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range, and each range where either, neither, or both limits are included in the smaller ranges is also encompassed within the invention, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the invention.
[0449] The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., “such as” ) provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on its scope unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
[0450] All methods described herein are performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. In regard to any of the methods provided, the steps of the method may occur simultaneously or sequentially. When the steps of the method occur sequentially, the steps may occur in any order, unless noted otherwise. In cases in which a method may include a combination of steps, each and every combination or sub-combination of the steps is encompassed within the scope of the disclosure, unless otherwise noted herein.
[0451] Each publication, patent application, patent, and other reference cited herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety to the extent that it is not inconsistent with the present disclosure. Publications disclosed herein are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present invention. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the present invention is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior invention. Further, the dates of publication provided may be different from the actual publication dates, which may need to be independently confirmed.
[0452] It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and are to be included within the spirit and purview of this application and scope of the appended claims.
[0453] Examples
[0454] EXAMPLE 1
[0455] In vivo efficacy study of CUSP06 in uterine cancer UT3705 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model
[0456] A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of CUSP06 in uterine cancer in a UT3705 model.
[0457] Materials and Methods
[0458] For patient-derived xenograft (PDX) studies, female 6-9 weeks old Balb / c nude mice were purchased from Jiangsu GemPharmatech. All animal handling procedures were approved by Crown Bioscience (Taicang) Inc’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Tumor fragments from stock mice were harvested and used for inoculation into mice. Each mouse was inoculated subcutaneously in the right upper flank with primary human tumor xenograft model tumor fragment (2-3 mm in diameter) for tumor development. Animals were randomized into treatment and control groups (N=5 per group) when the mean tumor size reached approximately 119 mm3. The date of grouping was denoted as day 0. The treatment was initiated on the same day (day 0) as randomization per study design. Tumor volume and animal body weight were measured twice a week. The volume was expressed in mm3 using the formula: V = (L x W x W) / 2, where V was tumor volume, L was tumor length (the longest tumor dimension) and W was tumor width (the longest tumor dimension perpendicular to L) . Dosing as well as tumor and body weight measurements were conducted in a Laminar Flow Cabinet. The study design is shown in Table 2.
[0459] Table 2. Study design for UT3705 model.
[0460] Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) calculation: TGI%= (1-Ti / Vi) × 100; Ti as the mean tumor volume of the treatment group on the measurement day; Vi as the mean tumor volume of the control group at the measurement day.
[0461] The T / C (%) calculation: T / C (%) value is an indicator of tumor response to treatment, and one of the commonly used anti-tumor activity endpoints; T and C are the mean tumor volumes of the treatment and control groups, respectively, on a given day.
[0462] Results
[0463] The effect of test articles on tumor volume in the UT3705 PDX model is shown in FIG. 1. The antitumor activity of test articles in the UT3705 PDX model is shown in Table 3. The antitumor activity of CUSP06 at 3 mg / kg in the UT3705 PDX model is shown in Table 4. The antitumor activity of CUSP06 at 10 mg / kg in the UT3705 PDX model is shown in Table 5. The effect of test articles on mice body weight change in the UT3705 model is shown in FIG. 2. The effect of test articles on the relative mice body weight change in the UT3705 model is shown in FIG. 3.
[0464] Table 3. Antitumor activity of test articles in UT3705 PDX model.
[0465] Note: ns: non-significant; ***: P<0.001
[0466] Bartlett's test was firstly used to see the homogeneity of variance, the p-value of Bartlett's test was smaller than 0.05, then Kruskal-Wallis test was run to test the group medians’ difference in any pair of groups, the p-value of Kruskal-Wallis was smaller than 0.05. Then Conover's many-to-one test was used to test the p-value for each treatment group against its control.
[0467] Table 4. Antitumor activity of CUSP06 at 3 mg / kg in UT3705 PDX model.
[0468] Note: *: P<0.05.
[0469] Test of normality by Shapiro-Wilk Normality test and the p-value was larger than 0.05. Then Welch's t-test was run to test whether there is a significant difference between the means of the two groups. The data from day 21 were chosen for this table since all mice in both experimental groups were alive as of day 21 to allow robust statistical analysis. Some mice were ethically euthanized after day 21 due to tumor volume was greater than 2000 mm3.
[0470] Table 5. Antitumor activity of CUSP06 at 10 mg / kg in UT3705 PDX model.
[0471] Note: **: P<0.01.
[0472] Test of normality by Shapiro-Wilk Normality test and the p-value was larger than 0.05. Then Welch's t-test was run to test whether there is significant difference between the means of the two groups.
[0473] The data from day 32 were chosen for this table since all mice in both experimental groups were alive as of day 32 to allow robust statistical analysis. Some mice were ethically euthanized after day 32 due to tumor volume was greater than 2000 mm3.
[0474] UT3705 is a high CDH6-expressing uterine PDX model, the efficacy of CUSP06 and IgG-ADC control as a single agent in a subcutaneous UT3705 PDX cancer model in female balb / c nude mice were investigated in this study. Both CUSP06 and IgG-ADC were well tolerated as a single agent in UT3705 tumor-bearing mice as monitored by the body weight changes (FIGS. 2 and 3) . A single dose of 3 mg / kg CUSP06 led to 94%TGI vs. the vehicle group on Day 21, whereas a single dose of 3 mg / kg IgG-T1000-e control only resulted 37%TGI vs. vehicle on Day 21 (Table 3) . For the IgG ADC control group from 10 mg / kg treatment, 2 out of 5 animals had no measurable tumor at day 11 and started to regrow at day 21. For CUSP06 10 mg / kg treatment group, all animals had no measurable tumor from day 11 and up to day 56. The statistical analysis between CUSP06 and IgG-ADC control at the same dose level indicates CUSP06 exhibits significant antitumor activity vs. IgG-ADC control in this model (Tables 4 and 5) . In summary, CUSP06 demonstrates significant anti-tumor activity compared to the vehicle group or the IgG-ADC control group at the same dose level. CUSP06 is well-tolerated in this study as monitored by body weight change.
[0475] EXAMPLE 2
[0476] In vivo efficacy study of CUSP06 in the treatment UT5326 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model in female NOD / SCID mice
[0477] UT5326 is a low CDH6-expressing uterine cancer PDX model (IHC score = 50) . A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of CUSP06 as a single agent in the subcutaneous UT5326 PDX cancer model in female NOD / SCID mice.
[0478] Materials and Methods
[0479] Table 6. Efficacy study design for UT5326 Model.
[0480] Dosing volume in all cases was 10 μL / g. ROA: route of administration.
[0481] Tumor Inoculation
[0482] Tumor fragments from stock mice were harvested and used for inoculation into mice. Each mouse was inoculated subcutaneously in the right upper flank with a primary human tumor xenograft model tumor fragment (2-3 mm in diameter) for tumor development.
[0483] Randomization and Treatment Initiation
[0484] The randomization started when the mean tumor size reached approximately 135 mm3. A total of 25 mice were enrolled in the study and allocated into 5 groups. Randomization was performed based on the "Matched distribution" method (StudyDirectorTM software, version 3.1.399.19) . The date of grouping was denoted as day 0. The treatment was initiated on the same day (day 0) as randomization per study design.
[0485] Observation and Data Collection
[0486] After tumor inoculation, the animals were checked daily for morbidity and mortality. During routine monitoring, the animals were checked for any effects of tumor growth and treatments on behavior such as mobility, food and water consumption, body weight gain / loss (Body weights were measured twice per week after randomization) , squinting / orbital tightening and any other abnormalities. Mortality and observed clinical signs were recorded for individual animals in detail.
[0487] Tumor volumes were measured twice per week after randomization in two dimensions using a caliper, and the volume was expressed in mm3 using the formula: V = (L x W x W) / 2, where V was tumor volume, L was tumor length (the longest tumor dimension) and W was tumor width (the longest tumor dimension perpendicular to L) . Dosing as well as tumor and body weight measurements were conducted in a Laminar Flow Cabinet. The body weights and tumor volumes were measured using StudyDirectorTM software (version 3.1.399.19) .
[0488] Experimental Termination
[0489] The efficacy study was performed for 99 days post-grouping. The study was terminated on day 99.
[0490] Results
[0491] Both CUSP06 and IgG-ADC were well tolerated as single agents in UT5326 tumor-bearing mice, as monitored by the body weight changes (FIGS. 5 and 6) . Group 2 (CUSP06, 3mg / kg) exhibited moderate efficacy with a TGI of 57.02%and a significant difference vs. Group 1 (vehicle group) at Day 66 (FIG. 4, Table 7) . Group 4 (IgG-ADC control, 3mg / kg) showed modest efficacy with a TGI of 36.32%and no significant difference compared to the vehicle group at Day 66. Additionally, CUSP06 at 3 mg / kg showed significant TGI vs. IgG-ADC control 3 mg / kg on day 77 (Table 8) . Group 3 (CUSP06, 10mg / kg) showed the highest TGI at 86.38%with a highly significant tumor volume reduction compared to Group 1 (vehicle group) at day 66 (FIG. 4, Table 7) . Compared to Group 1 (vehicle control) , Group 5 (IgG-ADC control, 10 mg / kg) also demonstrated good efficacy with a TGI of 78.78%and a highly significant difference compared to the vehicle group at day 66. Statistical analysis between Group 3 and Group 5 at Day 98 showed that 10 mg / kg CUSP06 achieved significant antitumor efficacy compared to 10 mg / kg isotype ADC control (Table 9) . In conclusion, CUSP06 demonstrated significant antitumor efficacy compared to vehicle or isotype ADC control in this uterine cancer PDX model.
[0492] Table 7. Antitumor activity of test articles as single agent in a subcutaneous UT5326 PDX cancer mouse model on day 66.
[0493] Route of administration in all cases was i.v. ns: non-significant; TGI: Tumor growth inhibition; T / C (%) : indicator of tumor response to treatment, and one of commonly used anti-tumor activity endpoint. T and C are the mean tumor volumes of the treatment and control groups, respectively, on a given day; *: P<0.05; ***: P<0.001.
[0494] Table 8. In vivo data statistical analysis on day 77.
[0495] ns: non-significant; *: P<0.05; ***: P<0.001
[0496] Table 9. In vivo data statistical analysis on day 98.
[0497] ns: non-significant; *: P<0.05; ***: P<0.001
[0498] EXAMPLE 3
[0499] Study of CUSP06 in the treatment of a human patient with endometrial cancer
[0500] A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of CUSP06 in treating uterine cancer in a human patient. A 66-year-old patient was diagnosed with endometrial cancer (endometrial serous carcinoma, metastatic mismatch-repair-proficient (pMMR) ) and initially treated with definitive surgery followed by adjuvant radiation therapy and six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) . The patient remained under surveillance until recurrent disease was identified. She was treated for about five months with carboplatin, docetaxel, and PD-1–based immunotherapy (dostarlimab) ; however, after completing six cycles, she experienced disease progression. Second-line therapy with lenvatinib and pembrolizumab was subsequently initiated but discontinued after one cycle due to significant toxicity. Follow-up imaging approximately seven months later confirmed further disease progression, and the patient was considered for enrollment in a clinical trial with the CDH6 ADC CUSP-06.
[0501] Per protocol, the patient’s tumor sample was tested for CDH6 expression and found to be positive, allowing trial enrollment. She began treatment with CUSP-06 at a dose of 4.4 mg / kg with G-CSF support. CUSP-06 was administered at day 1 of 3 week cycle (i.e., one dose per three weeks) . At the first tumor assessment six weeks after study start, imaging showed a 9.4%decrease in tumor burden. At the second evaluation, performed 12 weeks after treatment initiation, tumor reduction reached 33%, meeting criteria for an unconfirmed partial response per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) . The patient remains on study treatment awaiting confirmation of the partial response (PR) .
Claims
1.A method of treating CDH6-positive uterine cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate comprises an anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof and an active moiety conjugated to the anti-CDH6 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:(a) three heavy chain complementarity determining regions (HCDRs) (HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3) comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3, and 4; and three light chain CDRs (LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3) comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7;(b) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, and 4; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7;(c) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 9, and 10; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11, 12, and 13;(d) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 9, and 10; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11, 12, and 13;(e) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 89, 90, and 91; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 92, 93, and 94; or(f) HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 97, 98, and 99; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 100, 101, and 102.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises: HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3, and 4; and LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprising the respective amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, and 7.4.The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:(a) a heavy chain variable region (HCVR) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27; and a light chain variable region (LCVR) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34;(b) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:23 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23;(c) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:46 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46;(d) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 66 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 66; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:68 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 68;(e) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 67; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:69 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69;(f) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:96 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96; or(g) a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:104 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104.5.The method of claim 4, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a HCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27; and a LCVR comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:34 or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 75%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34.6.The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:(a) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 76;(b) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 72 and 73;(c) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 80 and 81;(d) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 85 and 86; or(e) a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 87 and 88.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain and light chain sequence pair of SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 76.8.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises an antibody heavy chain constant region that comprises a constant region derived from human IgG.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the antibody heavy chain constant region comprises a constant region derived from human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4.10.The method of claim 8, wherein the antibody heavy chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70.11.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises an antibody light chain constant region that comprises a human Igκ constant region or a human Igλ constant region.12.The method of claim 11, wherein the antibody light chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71.13.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the CDH6 is a human CDH6.14.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a monoclonal antibody, a polyclonal antibody, a dimer, a polymer, a multispecific antibody, an intact antibody, a human antibody, a humanized antibody, or a chimeric antibody.15.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody is a monoclonal antibody.16.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a Fab, a Fab’ , an Fv fragment, a F (ab’ ) 2, a scFv, a di-scFv, a dAb, or a combination thereof.17.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the active moiety comprises a drug moiety, a label, or a combination thereof.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the drug moiety is selected from the group consisting of a cytotoxic agent, a cytokine, a nucleic acid, a nucleic acid-associated molecule, a radionuclide, a chemokine, an immuno (co) -stimulatory molecule, an immunosuppressive molecule, a death ligand, an apoptosis-inducing protein, a kinase, a prodrug-converting enzyme, a RNase, an agonistic antibody or antibody fragment, an antagonistic antibody or antibody fragment, a growth factor, a hormone, a coagulation factor, a fibrinolytic protein, peptides mimicking these, and a fragment thereof, a fusion protein thereof, and a derivative thereof.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the cytotoxic agent comprises a microtubule-disrupting drug, a DNA-damaging agent, a tubulin inhibitor, a topoisomerase inhibitor, or a combination thereof.20.The method of claim 18, wherein the cytotoxic agent comprises a topoisomerase I inhibitor.21.The method of claim 18, wherein the cytotoxic agent comprises camptothecin or a derivative thereof.22.The method of claim 18, wherein the cytotoxic agent comprises the structure set forth below, a tautomer thereof, a mesomer thereof, a racemate thereof, an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a combination thereof. 23.The method of claim 17, wherein the label is selected from the group consisting of a radiolabel, a fluorophore, a chromophore, an imaging agent, and a metal ion.24.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is defined by:Ab- (L- (D) m) n,wherein Ab is the anti-CDH6 antibody or antigen-binding fragment; L is a linker; D is the drug moiety; m is an integer from 1 to 8; and n is any number from 1 to 10.25.The method of claim 24, wherein the linker is a cleavable linker or a non-cleavable linker.26.The method of claim 24, wherein the linker comprises a cleavable peptide.27.The method of claim 26, wherein the cleavable peptide is cleavable by an enzyme.28.The method of claim 27, wherein the enzyme comprises Cathepsin B.29.The method of any one of claims 25-28, wherein the linker comprises an amino acid unit.30.The method of claim 29, wherein the amino acid unit comprises a dipeptide, a tripeptide, a tetrapeptide, or a pentapeptide.31.The method of claim 29, wherein the amino acid unit is selected from: Val‐Cit, Val‐Ala, Glu‐Val‐Cit, Ala‐Ala‐Asn, Gly-Val-Cit, Gly-Gly-Gly, and Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly.32.The method of any one of claims 24-31, wherein the linker comprises a spacer.33.The method of claim 32, wherein the spacer comprises a self-immolative spacer.34.The method of claim 33, wherein the self-immolative spacer comprises p-aminobenzoxy carbonyl (PABC) or p-aminobenzyl (PAB) .35.The method of claim 32, wherein the cleavable peptide is directly spliced to the spacer.36.The method of any one of claims 24-35, wherein the linker comprises: -Val‐Cit-PABC-, -Val‐Ala-PABC-, -Glu‐Val‐Cit‐PABC-, -Ala‐Ala‐Asn‐PABC-, -Gly-Val-Cit‐PABC-, -Gly-Gly-Gly‐PABC-, -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-PABC-, -Val‐Cit-PAB-, -Val‐Ala-PAB-, -Glu‐Val‐Cit‐PAB-, -Ala‐Ala‐Asn‐PAB-, -Gly-Val-Cit‐PAB-, -Gly-Gly-Gly‐PAB-, or -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-PAB-.37.The method of claim 32, wherein the spacer comprises the structure set forth in -NH-(CH2) n1-La-Lb-Lc-, wherein La denotes -O-or a single bond; Lb denotes -CR2 (-CR3) -or a single bond, and wherein R2 and R3 each independently denote C1~C6 alkyl, - (CH2) na-NH2, -(CH2) nb-COOH or - (CH2) nc-OH, n1 denotes an integer from 0 to 6, na, nb, and nc each independently denote an integer from 1 to 4, but R2 and R3 are not the same when na is 0, and Lc denotes -C (=O) -.38.The method of claim 32, wherein the spacer comprises -NH- (CH2) 3-C (=O) -, -NH-CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -, or -NH- (CH2) 2-O-CH2-C (=O) -.39.The method of claim 24, wherein the linker comprises the structure shown in -L1-L2-L3-, where L1 denotes - (succinimidyl-3-yl-N) - (CH2) n2-C (=O) -, -CH2-C (=O) -NH- (CH2) n3-C(=O) -, or -C (=O) - (CH2) n4-C (=O) -, and where n2 denotes an integer from 2 to 8, n3 denotes an integer from 1 to 8, and n4 denotes an integer from 1 to 8; L2 denotes amino acid unit; L3 denotes a self-degradable spacer.40.The method of claim 24, wherein the linker is selected from:-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;-CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;-C(=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C(=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2-O-CH2-C(=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-O-CH2-C(=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-C(=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -GGFG-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2o-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;-CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;-C(=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-PABC-;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C(=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2-O-CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-O-CH2-C(=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-(succinimidyl-3-yl-N) -CH2CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -;-CH2-C (=O) -NH-CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -; and-C(=O) -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -VA-NH-CH2CH2CH2-C (=O) -.41.The method of claim 34, wherein the p-aminobenzoxy carbonyl (PABC) or p-aminobenzyl (PAB) comprises a polysarcosine (poly-N-methylglycine) residue.42.The method of claim 32, wherein the linker is selected from the following structure: wherein n5 denotes an integer from 0 to 20.43.The method of claim 42, wherein n5 denotes an integer from 1 to 15.44.The method of claim 32, wherein the linker is selected from: 45.The method of claim 32, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is selected from: wherein n is an integer from 1 to 10.46.The method of claim 45, wherein n is an integer from 2 to 9.47.The method of claim 45, wherein the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate is CUSP06.48.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the uterine cancer comprises one or more cells expressing the CDH6.49.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the uterine cancer comprises one or more mutated cells that originate in the uterus.50.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the uterine cancer is endometrial cancer or uterine sarcoma.51.The method of claim 50, wherein the endometrial cancer is an adenocarcinoma, uterine carcinosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, transitional carcinoma, uterine clear cell carcinoma, papillary serous carcinoma, or serous carcinoma.52.The method of claim 50, wherein the uterine sarcoma is an adenosarcoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) , endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) , or undifferentiated sarcoma.53.The method of claim 50, wherein the endometrial cancer is endometrioid adenocarcinoma.54.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the uterine cancer is: a Stage I, Stage II, Stage III, or Stage IV uterine cancer.55.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the uterine cancer is metastatic uterine cancer.56.The method of any one of the preceding claims, comprising administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 0.1 mg / kg to about 50 mg / kg per the body weight of the subject.57.The method of claim 56, comprising administering to the subject the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate in one or more doses of about 0.2 mg / kg to about 10 mg / kg per the body weight of the subject.58.The method of any one of the preceding claims, comprising administering the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate to the subject twice daily, once daily, once every 2 days, once every 3 days, once every 5 days, once every week, once every two weeks, once every three weeks, once every month, once every two months, or once every three months.59.The method of claim 58, comprising administering the one or more doses of the anti-CDH6 antibody drug conjugate to the subject once every three weeks.60.The method of any one of the preceding claims, comprising administering to the subject an additional therapeutic agent or therapy.61.The method of claim 60, wherein the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises a chemotherapy, an immunotherapy, a radiation therapy, or a surgical procedure.62.The method of claim 60, wherein the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, a programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, progesterone, or a chemotherapy.63.The method of claim 60, wherein the additional therapeutic agent or therapy comprises one or more of dostarlimab-gxly, durvalumab, pembrolizumab, lenvatinib mesylate, megestrol acetate, or carboplatin-taxol.64.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is a human.