Head-up display glass, laminated glass, head-up display system, and vehicle

Abstract

Head-up display glass (120), laminated glass, a head-up display system (100), and a vehicle (1000), which can improve the transparency of a functional display area (122) of the head-up display glass (120), and can thus improve the outward visibility for occupants. The head-up display glass (120) comprises a glass substrate (10) and a functional reflective layer (20), the functional reflective layer (20) being disposed on an inner surface (10a) of the glass substrate (10). The head-up display glass (120) comprises a field-of-view area (121), the functional display area (122), and a shielding area (123), wherein the functional display area (122) comprises at least one semi-transparent display area (122a) located between the field-of-view area (121) and the shielding area (123). The total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area (122a) is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the field-of-view area (121), but greater than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area (123). At least part of the semi-transparent display area (122a) is covered by the functional reflective layer (20), and the portion of the semi-transparent display area (122a) covered by the functional reflective layer (20) has a primary image reflectance RL1 and a secondary image reflectance RL2 in respect of projected light (111), the ratio of the primary image reflectance RL1 to the secondary image reflectance RL2 satisfying RR12≥15.

Description

Head-up display glass, laminated glass, head-up display system and vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent applications filed on February 28, 2025, with application number 202510229659.2 and titled "Head-up Display Glass, Head-up Display System and Vehicle" and filed on February 28, 2025, with application number 202510229661.X and titled "Laminated Glass and Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, specifically to a head-up display glass, laminated glass, head-up display system, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of vehicle intelligence, automation, and connectivity technologies, vehicles can use various forms such as head-up displays (HUDs), augmented reality head-up displays (ARHUDs), instrument panels, central control screens, and passenger displays to display various information, including vehicle information, road information, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), and social media information, in an ink-covered area at the edge of the glass. This provides passengers with multi-form, multi-level display needs, resulting in a more comfortable, safe, and intelligent experience with abundant information. This type of head-up display glass that projects information into the obscured area at the edge of the glass can also be called a black-edge display glass.

[0004] The black border display area of ​​a black-bordered display glass is typically located between the vehicle's dashboard and the transparent viewing area of ​​the glass. Compared to using a traditional instrument panel, this allows the driver's gaze to be less removed from the road, significantly improving driving safety. Currently, an opaque black ink ceramic layer is commonly used to form the black border display area, enhancing the clarity of the displayed content as perceived by the human eye. This prevents the black border display area from entering the transparent viewing area (area B) within the glass. Furthermore, during driving, the driver's gaze is primarily focused within their field of vision; therefore, the black border display area needs to be as close to the driver's field of vision as possible to improve the visibility and frequency of attention to displayed information. Consequently, the black border display area is usually positioned adjacent to the lower boundary of the area B to enhance the visibility of displayed information and the frequency of attention from the driver and passengers. However, the black border display area has an opaque vertical field of vision, resulting in poor light transmission and reducing the driver's and passengers' visibility outside the vehicle, thus impacting their driving experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a head-up display glass, laminated glass, head-up display system, and vehicle, which can improve the transparency of the functional display area of ​​the head-up display glass, enhance the visibility of the outside world to the driver and passengers, and improve the driving experience.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a head-up display (HUD) glass for use in a vehicle. The HUD glass includes a glass substrate and a functional reflective layer. The glass substrate includes an inner surface, and the functional reflective layer is disposed on the inner surface for reflecting projected light. The HUD glass includes a viewing area, a functional display area, and a shielding area. The functional display area includes at least one semi-transparent display region located between the viewing area and the shielding area. The total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display region is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the viewing area and greater than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area. The semi-transparent display region is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The portion of the semi-transparent display region covered by the functional reflective layer has a primary image reflectivity RL1 and a secondary image reflectivity RL2 for the projected light. The ratio RR of the primary image reflectivity RL1 to the secondary image reflectivity RL2 of the portion of the semi-transparent display region covered by the functional reflective layer is... 12 ≥15.

[0007] The minimum distance H between the boundary of the field of view area near the side of the obscured area and the boundary of the semi-transparent display area near the side of the obscured area is H≥10mm, or H≥30mm, or H≥50mm, or H≥100mm.

[0008] Wherein, the transmittance of the main image in the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is TL1≥10%, or TL1≥20%, or TL1≥30%.

[0009] The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the semi-transparent display area is... 12 ≥15.

[0010] In the direction from the semi-transparent display area to the field of view, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer remains unchanged, or the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer gradually increases.

[0011] The functional display area also includes an opaque display area, which is located on the side of the semi-transparent display area near the shielding area. The total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area is less than that of the semi-transparent display area.

[0012] The transmittance of the main image in the opaque display area is less than 10%.

[0013] The opaque display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer.

[0014] The functional display area further includes at least one first extended display area located in the shielding area. The first extended display area is connected to the opaque display area. The first extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the first extended display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area.

[0015] Wherein, the ratio F of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area to the area of ​​the functional display area is 10% ≤ F ≤ 100%.

[0016] Wherein, the ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent field of view area is 0.3≤Q≤1, or 0.5≤Q≤1, or 0.8≤Q≤1, or 0.9≤Q≤1.

[0017] The functional reflective layer has an S-polarized light reflectivity R for S-polarized light. S The functional reflective layer has a P-polarized light reflectivity R for P-polarized light. p The P-polarized light reflectivity R P Less than the S-polarized light reflectivity R S .

[0018] Wherein, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S With the P-polarized light reflectivity R P The ratio K ≥ 1.5.

[0019] When the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥40%, the P-polarized light reflectivity R P <40%.

[0020] Specifically, when the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the reflectivity deviation ΔDs of the functional reflective layer for the S-polarized light with a wavelength of 400nm to 700nm is ΔDs≤3%, or ΔDs≤2%, or ΔDs≤1%.

[0021] Specifically, when the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the reflectivity deviation ΔDp of the functional reflective layer for the P-polarized light with a wavelength of 400nm to 700nm is ΔDp≤3%, or ΔDp≤2%, or ΔDp≤1%.

[0022] The functional display area further includes at least one second extended display area located in the field of view. The second extended display area is connected to the semi-transparent display area. The second extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area is greater than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area.

[0023] The functional reflective layer has an S-polarized light reflectivity R for S-polarized light. S The functional reflective layer has a P-polarized light reflectivity R for P-polarized light. p The P-polarized light reflectivity R P Less than the S-polarized light reflectivity R S When the projected light is incident at a 65° angle onto the portion of the second extended display area covered by the functional reflective layer, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥55%, the P-polarized light reflectivity R P ≤15%.

[0024] Wherein, the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer is ≥1.7.

[0025] The functional reflective layer is a sol-gel coating.

[0026] The material of the functional reflective layer includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, or transition metal oxide.

[0027] The glass substrate includes an outer glass, an inner glass, and an intermediate layer. Along the thickness direction of the glass substrate, the outer glass and the inner glass are spaced apart and disposed opposite to each other, and the intermediate layer is located between the outer glass and the inner glass. The head-up display glass also includes a functional layer, which is disposed between the outer glass and the intermediate layer, or between the intermediate layer and the inner glass.

[0028] Wherein, the primary image reflectivity RL1 is the reflectivity of the functional reflective layer during the first reflection of S-polarized light, and the secondary image reflectivity RL2 is the reflectivity of the S-polarized light that passes through the functional reflective layer and enters the head-up display glass during the second reflection.

[0029] Secondly, this application provides a laminated glass for use in vehicles. The laminated glass includes a glass substrate and a functional reflective layer. The glass substrate includes an outer glass pane, an inner glass pane, and an intermediate layer. Along the thickness direction of the glass substrate, the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane are spaced apart and opposite to each other. The intermediate layer is located between the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane. The glass substrate includes an inner surface, and the functional reflective layer is disposed on the inner surface. The functional reflective layer is used to reflect projected light. The laminated glass includes a viewing area, a functional display area, and a shielding area. The functional display area includes at least one semi-transparent display area located between the viewing area and the shielding area. The total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the viewing area and greater than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area. The semi-transparent display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is ≥10%. The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is... 12 ≥15.

[0030] Wherein, the transmittance of the main image in the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is TL1≥20%, or TL1≥30%.

[0031] The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 and the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer. 12 ≥20.

[0032] The functional reflective layer has an S-polarized light reflectivity R for S-polarized light. S The functional reflective layer has a P-polarized light reflectivity Rp for P-polarized light, and the P-polarized light reflectivity R... P Less than the S-polarized light reflectivity R S The S-polarized light reflectivity R S With the P-polarized light reflectivity R P The ratio K ≥ 1.5.

[0033] When the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥40%, the P-polarized light reflectivity R P <40%, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R P≤30%, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R P ≤20%, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R P ≤10%.

[0034] Wherein, the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer is ≥1.7.

[0035] The functional reflective layer is a sol-gel coating.

[0036] The material of the functional reflective layer includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, or transition metal oxide.

[0037] In the direction from the semi-transparent display area to the field of view, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer remains unchanged, or the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer gradually increases.

[0038] The functional display area also includes an opaque display area with a main image transmittance of less than 10%. The opaque display area is located on the side of the semi-transparent display area close to the shielding area, and the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area is less than that of the semi-transparent display area.

[0039] The opaque display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer.

[0040] The functional display area further includes at least one first extended display area located in the shielding area. The first extended display area is connected to the opaque display area. The first extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the first extended display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area.

[0041] The functional display area further includes at least one second extended display area located in the field of view. The second extended display area is connected to the semi-transparent display area. The second extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area is greater than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area.

[0042] Wherein, the ratio F of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area to the area of ​​the functional display area is 10% ≤ F ≤ 100%.

[0043] Wherein, the ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent field of view area is 0.3≤Q≤1, or 0.5≤Q≤1, or 0.8≤Q≤1, or 0.9≤Q≤1.

[0044] Thirdly, this application also provides a head-up display system, including a projection device and a head-up display glass or a laminated glass as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the projection device is located on the side of the head-up display glass or the laminated glass facing the interior of the vehicle, and the projection device is used to emit the projected light.

[0045] The projected light includes S-polarized light and P-polarized light, wherein the proportion of S-polarized light in the projected light is greater than or equal to 70% and less than or equal to 100%.

[0046] The projected light rays form a projected image in the semi-transparent display area, and the distance between the projected image and the surface of the head-up display glass facing the outside of the vehicle is less than or equal to 1m along the direction of the line connecting the center of the projected image and the observation position.

[0047] Fourthly, this application also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and a head-up display system as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the head-up display glass or the laminated glass is installed at an opening in the vehicle body, and the projection device is installed inside the vehicle body. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0049] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle provided in this application;

[0050] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the head-up display system in the vehicle shown in Figure 1 in the first embodiment;

[0051] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head-up display glass in the head-up display system shown in Figure 2;

[0052] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the head-up display glass shown in Figure 3 after it is cut along point AA.

[0053] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the semi-transparent display area in the head-up display glass shown in Figure 4;

[0054] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the projection image formed by the projection light on the head-up display glass;

[0055] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the head-up display system in the vehicle shown in Figure 1 in the second embodiment;

[0056] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head-up display glass in the head-up display system shown in Figure 7;

[0057] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the head-up display glass shown in Figure 8 after it is cut along BB.

[0058] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the head-up display glass of the head-up display system in the vehicle 1000 shown in Figure 1 in the third embodiment.

[0059] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the head-up display glass of the head-up display system in the vehicle shown in Figure 1 in the fourth embodiment.

[0060] Figure 12 is a simulated curve of the reflectivity and transmittance of the head-up display glass shown in Figure 4.

[0061] Figure 13 is a graph showing the reflectivity of S-polarized light and P-polarized light when the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer in the head-up display glass shown in Figure 9.

[0062] Figure 14 shows the relative emission spectrum curves of the light sources for the two types of displays.

[0063] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the figures are as follows: Vehicle 1000, Vehicle body 200, Head-up display system 100, Head-up display glass 120, Projection device 110, Projection light 111, Field of view 121, Functional display area 122, Obscuring area 123, Semi-transparent display area 122a, External light source 2000a, Natural light 2000, Glass substrate 10, Functional reflective layer 20, Inner surface 10a, Outer surface 10b, Outer glass 11, Inner glass 12, Intermediate layer 13, Light blocking layer 14, First surface 101, Second surface 102, Third surface 103, Fourth surface 104, Projected image 111a, Observation position 3000, Opaque display area 122b, First sub-part 141, Second sub-part 142, First part 21, Second part 22, Third part 23, First extended display area 122d, Second extended display area 122c. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle 1000 provided in this application, and Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the head-up display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in Figure 1 in the first embodiment.

[0066] An embodiment of this application provides a vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 can be, but is not limited to, a sedan, a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), a sport / suburban utility vehicle (SUV), an off-road vehicle (ORV), a pickup truck, a van, a bus, a truck, etc.

[0067] In this embodiment, the vehicle 1000 includes a vehicle body 200 and a head-up display system 100, which is mounted on the vehicle body 200. Specifically, the head-up display system 100 includes a head-up display glass 120 and a projection device 110. The head-up display glass 120 is mounted at an opening in the vehicle body 200. For example, the head-up display glass 120 is the windshield of the vehicle 1000. In other embodiments, the head-up display glass 120 may also be a rear windshield, side window, or corner window, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not impose strict limitations on this.

[0068] The projection device 110 is located on the side of the head-up display glass 120 facing the interior of the vehicle 1000 and is installed inside the vehicle body 200. The projection device 110 can be a projector or a display screen. For example, the projection device 110 can be a projector, a thin-film transistor display (TFT), an organic light-emitting diode display (OLED), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), a digital light processing display (DLP), a mini light-emitting diode display (Mini LED), or a micro light-emitting diode display (Micro LED), etc. The projection device 110 is used to emit projection light 111.

[0069] In this embodiment, the projection light 111 includes S-polarized light and P-polarized light. The proportion of S-polarized light in the projection light 111 is greater than or equal to 70% and less than or equal to 100%. For example, the proportion of S-polarized light in the projection light 111 is greater than or equal to 80%. In some other embodiments, the proportion of S-polarized light in the projection light 111 is greater than or equal to 90%. In another embodiment, the proportion of S-polarized light in the projection light 111 is greater than or equal to 99%. With this setting, on the one hand, the proportion of P-polarized light in the projection light 111 can be reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption efficiency of the head-up display system 100; on the other hand, the reflected stray light of the projection light 111 can be reduced, preventing reflected stray light from interfering with the display information of the head-up display system 100.

[0070] It should be understood that, because the head-up display glass 120 is tilted towards the driver and passengers, the projected light rays 111 typically enter the head-up display glass 120 at an incident angle of 65° to 75°. Here, the incident angle θ refers to the angle between the projected light ray 111 and the normal. When the projected light rays 111 enter the head-up display glass 120, the head-up display glass 120 reflects the projected light rays 111 into the driver's and passengers' eyes to form a display image. This allows the driver and passengers to observe the display image without looking down, providing a better field of vision and allowing them to observe the real-time situation outside the vehicle 1000 for a longer period. Simultaneously, it enables them to more easily obtain necessary driving assistance information such as driving and road information, greatly improving driving safety.

[0071] In addition, the vehicle 1000 also includes an instrument panel (not shown). The instrument panel is mounted on the vehicle body 200 and is located on the side of the head-up display glass 120 facing the interior of the vehicle 1000. A light-absorbing layer (not shown) is provided on the side of the instrument panel facing the head-up display glass 120. The light-absorbing layer can be at least one of the following: artificial velvet base fabric, nylon fleece, polyurethane film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, acrylic film, polyethylene film, carbon nanotube film, or matte ink layer. In this embodiment, by providing a black silk light-absorbing layer on the instrument panel of the vehicle 1000, reflected stray light entering the head-up display glass 120 from outside the vehicle 1000 can be reduced, preventing reflected stray light from interfering with the displayed image of the head-up display glass 120 and ensuring good imaging effect of the head-up display glass 120.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 3, 4, and 5. Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the head-up display glass 120 in the head-up display system 100 shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the head-up display glass 120 shown in Figure 3 after being cut along line AA. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the semi-transparent display area 122a in the head-up display glass 120 shown in Figure 4. "Cut along line AA" means cutting along the plane containing line AA; similar descriptions in the following text can be understood in the same way.

[0073] The head-up display glass 120 includes a glass substrate 10 and a functional reflective layer 20. The glass substrate 10 includes an inner surface 10a facing the interior of the vehicle 1000 and an outer surface 10b facing the exterior of the vehicle 1000. In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 is disposed on the inner surface 10a. The functional reflective layer 20 projects light 111, causing the projected light 111 to be reflected into the eyes of the driver or passenger to form display information.

[0074] Specifically, the head-up display glass 120 has a field of view 121, a function display area 122, and a shielding area 123. The driver and passengers observe the external environment of the vehicle 1000 through the field of view 121. It should be understood that, according to regulations GB9656 or ECE R43, the field of view 121 must include at least a field of view B area. Non-illuminating obstructions on the head-up display glass 120 must not encroach upon the field of view B area to prevent interference with the driver's or passengers' vision. In some other embodiments, the field of view 121 may also include a field of view B reduction area. In this embodiment, the shielding area 123 is arranged around the field of view 121. The shielding area 123 can serve to shield, protect, and enhance the overall aesthetics of the vehicle 1000.

[0075] The functional display area 122 is located between the field of view area 121 and the shielding area 123. At least a portion of the functional reflective layer 20 is located in the functional display area 122. The projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 is reflected in the functional display area 122, forming projection information observable by the human eye. In this embodiment, the functional display area 122 may be centrally located on the side of the head-up display glass 120 near the dashboard of the vehicle 1000, as shown in FIG2. In other embodiments, the functional display area 122 may also be distributed around the periphery of the head-up display glass 120. For example, a portion of the functional display area 122 may be located on the side of the head-up display glass 120 near the dashboard of the vehicle 1000, a portion of the functional display area 122 may be located near the rearview mirror of the vehicle 1000, and a portion of the functional display area 122 may be located on the side of the head-up display glass 120 near the pillar glass of the vehicle 1000.

[0076] The functional display area 122 includes at least one semi-transparent display area 122a located between the field of view area 121 and the obscuration area 123. The semi-transparent display area 122a is connected to the field of view area 121. At least a portion of the functional reflective layer 20 covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the semi-transparent display area 122a. It should be noted that the semi-transparent display area 122a refers to a transparent area that provides a certain degree of visibility and recognizability of the external conditions of the vehicle.

[0077] In this embodiment, the ratio F of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area 122a to the area of ​​the functional display area 122 is 10% ≤ F ≤ 100%. In this embodiment, the ratio F of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area 122a to the area of ​​the functional display area 122 is 100%. In some other embodiments, the ratio F of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area 122a to the area of ​​the functional display area 122 is 80%, 60%, 40%, 30%, 20%, or 10%. It should be noted that in actual production, the ratio of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area 122a to the area of ​​the functional display area 122 can be designed according to the actual required field of vision and other requirements of the vehicle 1000.

[0078] In this embodiment, the minimum distance H between the boundary of the semi-transparent display area 122a near the shielding area 123 and the boundary of the viewing area 121 near the shielding area 123 is H≥10mm, or H≥30mm, or H≥50mm, or H≥100mm. This setting, on the one hand, prevents the functional display area 122 from encroaching on the viewing area B of the viewing area 121, thereby reducing interference with the driver's vision caused by projected information. On the other hand, it ensures that the semi-transparent display area 122a of the functional display area 122 is as close as possible to the viewing area B of the viewing area 121, enhancing the visibility of the projected information on the functional display area 122 and increasing the frequency of attention paid to the projected information by the driver. Simultaneously, it increases the viewing range of the head-up display glass 120, expands the visible field of view and safety redundancy, improves the safety performance of the vehicle 1000, and helps ensure the driving safety of the driver and passengers.

[0079] The semi-transparent display area 122a can be used to reflect incident projection light 111 to form a display image. The display image can show vehicle 1000 driving information, various patterns, or play videos, and can be used in various scenarios such as welcoming guests, creating an atmosphere, watching movies, and working. Specifically, the display image is used to display driving parameters, including vehicle speed, engine speed, fuel consumption, tire pressure, warning information, and mileage. It can also be used to display weather temperature and entertainment information, and can be used for dynamic navigation, night vision, and real-view maps. At the same time, passengers can also observe the external environment of the vehicle 1000 through the semi-transparent display area 122a.

[0080] Natural light 2000 emitted from the external light source 2000a of vehicle 1000 is refracted twice and passes through the semi-transparent display area 122a of the head-up display glass 120 before entering the human eye, forming a transmitted primary image. The visible light transmittance of this primary image is denoted as the primary image transmittance TL1. The primary image transmittance TL1 is measured and calculated using a spectrophotometer with reference to standard ISO 9050. Simultaneously, natural light 2000 emitted from the external light source 2000a of vehicle 1000 also enters the interior of the head-up display glass 120, undergoes two refractions and two reflections, and then enters the human eye to form a transmitted double image. The visible light transmittance of this double image is denoted as the secondary image transmittance TL2. Alternatively, the semi-transparent display area 122a can be understood as having both a primary image transmittance TL1 and a secondary image transmittance TL2 for the natural light 2000 from outside vehicle 1000.

[0081] In this embodiment, the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area 122a is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the field of view area 121 and greater than the total visible light transmittance of the obscured area 123. It should be noted that the value of the total visible light transmittance can be approximately equal to the sum of the primary image transmittance TL1 and the secondary image transmittance TL2, and similar descriptions can be understood in the same way. Specifically, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is greater than or equal to 10%. With this setting, the semi-transparent display area 122a can be made semi-transparent. On the one hand, this improves the light transmittance of the functional display area 122 of the head-up display glass 120, thereby enhancing the visibility of the outside world to the driver and passengers and improving their driving experience. On the other hand, it also increases the vertical display range of the head-up display glass 120, thereby increasing the visible field of view and safety redundancy, improving the safety performance of the vehicle 1000, and ensuring the driving safety of the driver and passengers. Furthermore, in the direction from the semi-transparent display area 122a to the viewing area 121, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 remains unchanged, or the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 gradually increases. In some further embodiments, the primary image transmittance TL1 can be greater than or equal to 20%, or even greater than or equal to 30%, thus obtaining a clearer external view. Specifically, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 can be set to 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, etc. It is understood that since the primary image transmittance TL1 cannot be actively adjusted, but needs to be indirectly adjusted by controlling other related factors, the value of the primary image transmittance TL1 in actual cases can be any value near the above-mentioned values, and this application does not specifically limit it.

[0082] In this embodiment, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is greater than the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20. The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is... 12 ≥15. Under this setting, the transmitted primary image formed by natural light 2000 in the human eye is clearer, while the transmitted secondary image formed by natural light 2000 in the human eye is relatively dim. This makes the information outside the vehicle observed by the driver and passengers through the semi-transparent display area 122a clearer, which in turn helps to improve the visibility of the driver and passengers to the external environment, improve the safety performance of the vehicle 1000, and ensure the driving safety of the driver and passengers.

[0083] Compared to traditional black-bordered display glass, some embodiments of this application propose to completely or partially replace the low-transmittance ink with a semi-transparent material in the black-bordered display area to form a semi-transparent display area 122a suitable for projection display. This allows for a certain degree of external visible light transmission while still meeting projection display requirements, thereby increasing the field of view. The semi-transparent display area 122a, as a projection reflection portion, needs to be covered by a functional reflective layer 20 to achieve a high-quality projection reflection effect. However, the functional reflective layer 20 also reflects natural light 2000 entering the vehicle from outside through the laminated glass (head-up display glass 120). The reflected light is then reflected again on the outer surface of the laminated glass (head-up display glass 120), forming a transmission double image. Within the semi-transparent display area 122a, since it may already contain a primary and secondary image generated by projection reflection, the superposition of the transmission double image formed by the incident natural light 2000 would be detrimental to the final display effect of the semi-transparent display area 122a.

[0084] Further comparative verification revealed that if the primary image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is less than 10%, the external transmitted primary image cannot be clearly seen. However, when the primary image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is equal to or greater than 10%, the image outside the vehicle can be seen relatively clearly. At the same time, as the primary image transmittance TL1 increases, the secondary image transmittance TL2 also increases, leading to a ghosting problem between the transmitted primary image and the transmitted double image. Surprisingly, verification showed that when the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is 10%, the transmitted image cannot be clearly seen. 12When the transmittance TL2 is ≥15, the transmittance of the secondary image is relatively small. At this time, the image information outside the vehicle can be clearly observed by the occupants inside the vehicle, and it is difficult to observe the transmission double image.

[0085] In some embodiments, the translucent display area 122a only needs to meet the necessary visibility. Therefore, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the translucent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is set to less than or equal to 70%, which can prevent the secondary image transmittance TL2 from being too large and thus easily noticed.

[0086] In some embodiments, to achieve a better display effect, the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 and the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the portion of the translucent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is... 12 ≥20.

[0087] Surprisingly, the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 can be increased by selecting a functional reflective layer 20 with lower reflectivity for P-polarized light. 12 This is because the reflectivity R of the normally functional reflective layer 20 for S-polarized light is... S It will be greater than the reflectivity R of P-polarized light. P When the reflectivity R of P-polarized light is increased P This will cause the reflectivity R of S-polarized light S The increase in total reflectance leads to an increase in the total reflectance of the translucent display area 122a. The increase in total reflectance further leads to more natural light 2000 being reflected, resulting in a decrease in the primary image transmittance TL1 and an increase in the secondary image transmittance TL2.

[0088] Furthermore, the ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent viewing area 121 is 0.3 ≤ Q ≤ 1. In some other embodiments, the ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent viewing area 121 is 0.5 ≤ Q ≤ 1, or 0.8 ≤ Q ≤ 1, or 0.9 ≤ Q ≤ 1. Under this setting, the transparency of the semi-transparent display area 122a and the transparency of the viewing area 121 can transition smoothly without significant fluctuations, thereby helping to improve the visual effect for drivers and passengers observing information outside the vehicle through the head-up display glass 120 and enhancing the driving experience.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 5. The projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 undergoes one reflection within the semi-transparent display area 122a before entering the human eye and forming a reflected primary image. The visible light reflectance of this primary image is denoted as the primary image reflectance RL1. Simultaneously, because the semi-transparent display area 122a is semi-transparent, the projection light 111 also enters the interior of the head-up display glass 120, undergoing two refractions and sequential reflections before entering the human eye and forming a reflected ghost image. The visible light reflectance of this ghost image is denoted as the secondary image reflectance RL2. It can be understood that the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 has both a primary image reflectance RL1 and a secondary image reflectance RL2 for the projection light 111. The primary image reflectance RL1 is greater than the secondary image reflectance RL2. The ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 to the secondary image reflectance RL2 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer is... 12 ≥15. Wherein, the primary image reflectivity RL1 is the reflectivity of the functional reflective layer during the first reflection of S-polarized light, and the secondary image reflectivity RL2 is the reflectivity of the S-polarized light that passes through the functional reflective layer and enters the head-up display glass during a secondary reflection. It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the projection light mainly uses S-polarized light. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the primary image reflectivity RL1 refers to the reflectivity of S-polarized light during the first reflection at the inner surface of the head-up display glass, and the secondary image reflectivity RL2 refers to the reflectivity of S-polarized light entering the head-up display glass and undergoing a secondary reflection. Further, since in the embodiments of this application, the primary image reflectivity RL1 refers to the reflectivity of S-polarized light during the first reflection at the inner surface of the head-up display glass, therefore, in other embodiments of this application, the reflectivity R of the head-up display glass with the functional reflective layer for S-polarized light... S That is, the primary image reflectivity RL1; in other words, in the embodiments of this application, the S-polarized light reflectivity R... S It is equal to the reflectivity RL1 of the primary image.

[0090] In other embodiments not excluded from the embodiments shown in this application, the reflectivity R of the functional reflective layer for S-polarized light is... S The reflectivity RL1 of the primary image may not be equal to that of the secondary image. Furthermore, in other embodiments not excluded from the embodiments shown in this application, mixed polarized light, primarily S-polarized light, may be used as the projection light. Therefore, in other embodiments, the primary image reflectivity RL1 and the secondary image reflectivity RL2 may also refer to the reflectivity of the mixed polarized light, primarily S-polarized light, during its first reflection at the inner surface of the head-up display glass, and the reflectivity after entering the interior of the head-up display glass and undergoing a second reflection.

[0091] With this setting, the reflected image formed by the projected light 111 in the human eye can be clearer, while the reflected ghost image formed by the projected light 111 in the human eye can be relatively dim. This makes the images and other information presented in the semi-transparent display area 122a of the head-up display glass 120 clear and easy to read, preventing drivers and passengers from being disturbed by reflected ghost images and improving the driving experience and driving safety.

[0092] It should be noted that when the semi-transparent display area 122a is covered by the functional reflective layer 20, the ratio RR of the primary image reflectivity RL1 to the secondary image reflectivity RL2 is... 12 When the transmittance is ≥15, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is much greater than the secondary image transmittance TL2. At this time, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 can be approximately regarded as the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area 122a.

[0093] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the ratio RR of the primary image reflectivity RL1 to the secondary image reflectivity RL2 of the portion of the translucent display area 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is... 12 It can also be RR 12 ≥20, further can be RR 12 ≥30 can also be RR 12 ≥40, or RR 12 ≥50. In theory, without considering other factors, the larger the ratio of the primary image reflectance RL1 to the secondary image reflectance RL2, the better the display effect.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 4. The glass substrate 10 includes an outer glass 11, an inner glass 12, an intermediate layer 13, and a light-blocking layer 14. Along the thickness direction of the glass substrate 10, the outer glass 11 and the inner glass 12 are spaced apart and disposed opposite to each other. The surface of the inner glass 12 facing away from the outer glass 11 is the inner surface 10a. The intermediate layer 13 is located between the outer glass 11 and the inner glass 12. The light-blocking layer 14 is disposed on the surface of the outer glass 11 facing the inner glass 12 and is located in the shielding area 123.

[0095] Specifically, the outer glass 11 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102. Along the thickness direction of the outer glass 11, the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 are disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 101 of the outer glass 11 is the outer surface 10b of the glass substrate 10. The inner glass 12 includes a third surface 103 and a fourth surface 104. Along the thickness direction of the inner glass 12, the third surface 103 and the fourth surface 104 are disposed opposite to each other. The third surface 103 faces the second surface 102. The fourth surface 104 is the inner surface 10a of the glass substrate 10. A light-blocking layer 14 is disposed on the second surface 102 of the outer glass 11. At least a portion of the light-blocking layer 14 is located in the shielding area 123.

[0096] Intermediate layer 13 connects the second surface 102 and the fourth surface 104. In this embodiment, intermediate layer 13 can be a single thermoplastic polymer film or can be composed of two or more thermoplastic polymer films stacked together. The material of the thermoplastic polymer film is selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionic polymer (SGP). It should be noted that when intermediate layer 13 includes two or more thermoplastic polymer films, the two or more thermoplastic polymer films can be made of the same or different materials to meet the needs of different scenarios.

[0097] It should be noted that during the production process, the transmittance TL1 of the main image of the semi-transparent display area 122a can be adjusted according to actual needs by adjusting the structure and material of the glass substrate 10, so that the transmittance TL1 of the main image of the semi-transparent display area 122a is greater than or equal to 10%.

[0098] In one possible implementation, the intermediate layer 13 can be used to adjust the main image transmittance TL1 of the translucent display area 122a. For example, the intermediate layer 13 can be made of a colored film layer or a gradient colored film layer, or a colored sheet or a gradient colored sheet can be embedded in the intermediate layer 13 to change the coloring components and proportions of the intermediate layer 13, thereby adjusting the main image transmittance TL1 of the translucent display area 122a. Alternatively, the intermediate layer 13 can be made of a polymer film using surface-printed inks, paints, or pigments.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the translucent display area 122a can be adjusted by dyeing or coloring the first surface 101, the second surface 102, the third surface 103, or the fourth surface 104. In another possible implementation, an inner glass 12 with its own dark coloring can also be used to adjust the primary image transmittance TL1 of the translucent display area 122a. In yet another possible implementation, the reflectivity of the functional reflective layer 20 to the projected light 111 can be changed, or a functional reflective layer 20 with its own coloring can also be used to adjust the primary image transmittance TL1 of the translucent display area 122a.

[0100] In one possible implementation, a dimming film can be provided in the glass substrate 10 to adjust the main image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area 122a. The dimming film can be a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), or a dye-based liquid crystal film (LC), etc. The maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be set according to actual production needs. For example, the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be 50%, 70%, 80%, or 90%, etc. For instance, when the head-up display glass 120 needs to display information such as images, the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be 90% to put the dimming film in a high visible light transmittance state, thereby giving the head-up display glass 120 a larger transparent area.

[0101] In one possible implementation, the head-up display glass 120 further includes a functional layer (not shown). Specifically, the functional layer is disposed between the outer glass 11 and the intermediate layer 13, or between the intermediate layer 13 and the inner glass 12. The functional layer can be a transparent heating and conductive film layer or a heat-insulating film layer; the embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this.

[0102] In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 is disposed on the fourth surface 104 of the inner glass 12. The portion of the functional reflective layer 20 located in the semi-transparent display area 122a may have a perforated pattern to achieve a gradual change in visible light transmittance, thereby making the viewing experience more comfortable for drivers and passengers.

[0103] In this embodiment, the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is ≥1.7. In some other embodiments, the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is ≥2, or n ≥2.2, or n ≥2.4, or n ≥2.6, or n ≥3. In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 can be made of a non-metallic transparent film layer. The material of the functional reflective layer 20 includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, or transition metal oxide. Exemplarily, the functional reflective layer 20 is a sol-gel coating.

[0104] In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 has an S-polarized light reflectivity R for the S-polarized light of the projected light ray 111. S The functional reflective layer 20 has a P-polarized reflectivity R for the P-polarized light of the projected ray 111. p S-polarized light reflectivity R S The reflectivity R of polarized light is greater than that of P. P And the reflectivity R of S-polarized light S With the P-polarized light reflectivity R P The ratio K ≥ 1.5. Preferably, K ≥ 5, or K ≥ 5, or K ≥ 10, or K ≥ 30, or K ≥ 50. When the projected light 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 at an incident angle of 70°, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥40%. Preferably, the reflectivity R of S-polarized light is... S ≥50%, or, S-polarized light reflectance R S ≥60%, or, S-polarized light reflectance R S ≥70%. P-polarized light reflectance R P <40%. Preferably, the reflectivity R of P-polarized light is... P ≤30%, or P-polarized light reflectance R P ≤20%, or, P-polarized light reflectance R P ≤10%, or, P-polarized light reflectance R P ≤5%, or, P-polarized light reflectance R P ≤1%. It should be noted that the wavelength range of both S-polarized light and P-polarized light mentioned above is 380nm to 780nm.

[0105] With this configuration, on the one hand, the functional reflective layer 20 can achieve high reflectivity for S-polarized light, enhancing the brightness and readability of the displayed content in the semi-transparent display area 122a. On the other hand, the functional reflective layer 20 can achieve low reflectivity for P-polarized light, reducing the overall power consumption of the head-up display system 100 and lowering costs. Simultaneously, it can also enhance the transparency of the semi-transparent display area 122a and the visibility of the external environment to drivers and passengers, improving the driving experience and safety.

[0106] In this embodiment, the projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 and forms a projected image in the semi-transparent display area 122a. It should be understood that the color of the projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 is a mixture of the three primary colors RGB, and what the human eye sees is the projected image after reflection by the functional reflective layer 20. To avoid color deviation in the projected image (such as reddish or bluish tint) and to facilitate matching the color of the projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 with the functional reflective layer 20 for display calibration, the reflectivity curve of the functional reflective layer 20 in the visible light band should be as linear as possible. The absolute value of the maximum deviation between the reflectivity of each interval band (interval band is 5nm) within a predetermined wavelength range and the linear regression line of each interval band within that range is set as the reflectivity deviation ΔD. When the projection light 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 at a 70° incident angle, the reflectivity deviation ΔD of the functional reflective layer 20 for S-polarized light with wavelengths from 400nm to 700nm is... s The deviation of the reflectivity ΔDs of the functional reflective layer 20 for P-polarized light with wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm is defined as ΔDs ≤ 3%, ΔDs ≤ 2%, or ΔDs ≤ 1%. This is defined as the deviation of the reflectivity ΔDs of the functional reflective layer 20 for P-polarized light with wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm when the projected light 111 is incident at an angle of 70°. p The settings are ΔDp≤3%, ΔDp≤2%, or ΔDp≤1%. Under these settings, the head-up display glass 120 can be adapted to various projection devices 110, thereby enabling the head-up display system 100 to have a wider color gamut coverage.

[0107] In addition, the head-up display glass 120 also includes an electric heating element (not shown) and wires (not shown). The electric heating element is disposed on the surface of the outer glass 11 facing the inner glass 12, or the electric heating element is disposed on the surface of the inner glass 12 facing the outer glass 11. The electric heating element is used to heat the function display area 122. In this embodiment, the electric heating element can be a metal wire, copper foil, silver paste, or a transparent conductive metal film, etc., to heat the function display area 122. The wires are electrically connected between the electric heating element and the power supply of the vehicle 1000.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the projection light 111 forming a projected image 111a on the head-up display glass 120.

[0109] In this embodiment, the projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 and forms a projected image 111a in the semi-transparent display area 122a. When a human eye observes the projected image 111a, the position of the human eye is the observation position 3000. Along the direction of the line connecting the center of the projected image 111a and the observation position 3000, the distance between the projected image 111a and the surface of the head-up display glass 120 facing the outside of the vehicle 1000 is less than or equal to 1m. That is, along the direction of the line connecting the center of the projected image 111a and the observation position 3000, the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is less than or equal to 1m. Preferably, along the direction of the line connecting the center of the projected image 111a and the observation position 3000, the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is less than or equal to 0.5m, or the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is less than or equal to 0.3m, or the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is less than or equal to 0.2m.

[0110] This setting ensures that the projected image 111a does not exceed the front of the vehicle and is positioned near the hood surface of the vehicle 1000. This avoids unrealistic appearances such as the projected image 111a appearing excessively embedded in the engine compartment of the vehicle 1000, thus ensuring the realism of the projected image 111a. Simultaneously, it reduces interference from the superposition of reflected virtual images and transmitted real images caused by factors such as the road surface, the vehicle 1000 in front, or the irregular shape of the rear of the hood. This helps enhance the visibility of the external environment for drivers and passengers, improving their driving experience and safety.

[0111] Please refer to Figures 7, 8 and 9. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the head-up display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in Figure 1 in the second embodiment. Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the head-up display glass 120 in the head-up display system 100 shown in Figure 7. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the head-up display glass 120 shown in Figure 8 after being cut along BB.

[0112] The head-up display glass 120 shown in this embodiment differs from the head-up display glass 120 shown in the first embodiment above in that the functional display area 122 further includes an opaque display area 122b. The opaque display area 122b is located on the side of the semi-transparent display area 122a near the shielding area 123. The opaque display area 122b is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer 20.

[0113] In this embodiment, the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area 122b is less than the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area 122a. Specifically, the primary image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b is less than 10%. The primary image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b remains constant in the direction from the opaque display area 122b to the semi-transparent display area 122a. For example, the primary image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b in the direction from the opaque display area 122b to the semi-transparent display area 122a can be 8%, 5%, 3%, 1%, 0.1%, 0.02%, or 0. In other embodiments, the primary image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b gradually increases in the direction from the opaque display area 122b to the semi-transparent display area 122a.

[0114] In this setting, the opaque display area 122b can serve as the display background for the projected image 111a, which can better block ambient light and avoid unnecessary interference to the view. It can also improve the contrast between the projected image 111a and the display background, and achieve a higher color gamut, making the projected image 111a display clearer.

[0115] In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the opaque display area 122b and the portion of the inner surface 10a of the glass substrate 10 located in the semi-transparent display area 122a. The light blocking layer 14 covers the portion of the second surface 102 located in the shielding area 123 and the portion of the second surface 102 located in the opaque display area 122b.

[0116] Specifically, the light-blocking layer 14 includes a first sub-part 141 and a second sub-part 142 connected to each other. The first sub-part 141 is located in the shielding area 123 and covers the portion of the second surface 102 located in the shielding area 123. The second sub-part 142 is located in the opaque display area 122b and covers the portion of the second surface 102 located in the opaque display area 122b. It can also be understood that the light-blocking layer 14 can adjust the transmittance of the primary image in the opaque display area 122b. By extending the light-blocking layer 14 to the functional display area 122, the transmittance of the primary image in that portion of the functional display area 122 can be reduced, thereby forming the opaque display area 122b.

[0117] In some other embodiments, the transmittance of the main image in the opaque display area 122b can also be adjusted using an opaque polymer film or a dimming film. The opaque polymer film can be a polymer film with body coloring, a polymer film with surface-printed inks, paints, or pigments, or a dyed or colored polymer film. The dimming film can be a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), or a dye liquid crystal film (LC), etc. The minimum visible light transmittance of the dimming film is less than or equal to 10%. For example, the minimum visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be 8%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, or 0%. Furthermore, the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film is set according to actual production needs. For example, the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, or 80%, etc. Additionally, when information needs to be displayed in the opaque display area 122b, the dimming film is in an opaque state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film is less than or equal to 5%, or even 0%. Under this setting, the contrast between the projected image 111a and the display background can be improved, so that drivers and passengers can observe the projected image 111a more clearly, which helps to improve the user experience of drivers and passengers.

[0118] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the head-up display glass 120 of the head-up display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in Figure 1 in a third embodiment.

[0119] The head-up display glass 120 shown in this embodiment differs from the head-up display glass 120 shown in the second embodiment above in that the functional display area 122 further includes at least one first extended display area 122d located in the shielding area 123, and the first extended display area 122d is connected to the opaque display area 122b. The first extended display area 122d is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer 20. In this embodiment, the total visible light transmittance of the first extended display area 122d is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area. The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 of the first extended display area 122d to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the portion of the first extended display area 122d covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is... 12 The ratio RR of the primary image reflectivity RL1 and the secondary image reflectivity RL2 of the portion of the first extended display area 122d covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the projection light 111 12 All of these can be referred to in the relevant description of the opaque display area 122b above, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] In this setting, the first extended display area 122d can also serve as the display background for the projected image 111a, further blocking ambient light and preventing unnecessary interference to the view, further improving the contrast between the projected image 111a and the display background, and achieving a higher color gamut, making the projected image 111a display clearer.

[0121] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 includes a first portion 21, a second portion 22, and a third portion 23 connected sequentially. The first portion 21 is located in the semi-transparent display area 122a of the functional display area 122 and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the semi-transparent display area 122a. The second portion 22 is located in the opaque display area 122b and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the opaque display area 122b. The third portion 23 is located in the first extended display area 122d and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the first extended display area 122d.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the head-up display glass 120 of the head-up display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in Figure 1 in a fourth embodiment.

[0123] The head-up display glass 120 shown in this embodiment differs from the head-up display glass 120 shown in the first embodiment above in that the functional display area 122 further includes at least one second extended display area 122c located in the field of view area 121. The second extended display area 122c is connected to the semi-transparent display area 122a, and the second extended display area 122c is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer 20. The total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area 122c is greater than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area. The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 of the second extended display area 122c to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the portion of the second extended display area 122c covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is... 12 The ratio RR of the primary image reflectivity RL1 and the secondary image reflectivity RL2 of the portion of the second extended display area 122c covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the projection light 111. 12 For details, please refer to the description of the semi-transparent display area 122a above, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] In this embodiment, when the second extended display area 122c extends into the field of view B area, the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area 122c is greater than or equal to 70%. Specifically, a portion of the second extended display area 122c has a total visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 75%. Preferably, the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area 122c is greater than or equal to 85%, or greater than or equal to 88%, or greater than or equal to 90%. In other embodiments, when the second extended display area 122c only extends into the field of view B subtraction area, the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area 122c can be less than 70%, which can also increase the vertical display range of the head-up display glass 120 and improve the display effect of the head-up display glass 120.

[0125] When the projected light 111 is incident at an angle of 65° onto the portion of the second extended display area 122c covered by the functional reflective layer 20, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥55%, P-polarized light reflectance R P ≤15%. When the projected light ray 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 at an incident angle of 0°, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≤27%, and S-polarized light reflectance R S With P-polarized light reflectivity R P The ratio a is 0.9 ≤ a ≤ 1.1. That is, when the projected ray 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 at an incident angle of 0°, the S-polarized light reflectivity R... S Approximately equal to the reflectivity R of P-polarized light P .

[0126] This setting increases the vertical display area of ​​the head-up display glass 120, improving its display effect. Simultaneously, because the transmittance of the main image in the semi-transparent display area 122a is greater than or equal to 70%, its high transparency provides excellent transparency and visibility outside the vehicle, effectively addressing the issue of insufficient transparency in the head-up display glass 120 and enhancing the driving experience for passengers.

[0127] In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 includes a first portion 21, a second portion 22, and a third portion 23 connected in sequence. The first portion 21 is located in the semi-transparent display area 122a of the functional display area 122 and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the semi-transparent display area 122a. The second portion 22 is located in the second extended display area 122c and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the second extended display area 122c. The third portion 23 is located in the viewing area 121 and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the viewing area 121.

[0128] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a simulated graph of the reflectivity and transmittance of the head-up display glass 120 shown in Figure 4.

[0129] This application performs simulation calculations on the head-up display glass 120 shown in the first embodiment to understand the relationship between the main image reflectivity RL1, secondary image reflectivity RL2, main image transmittance TL1, and secondary image transmittance TL2 of the head-up display glass 120. The specific simulation conditions are as follows:

[0130] This application provides an embodiment AE, which shows the visible light transmittance TL of embodiment AE at a 0° incident angle when the incident angle of the projected ray 111 is 0°. 0 The maximum value is set to 92%. In the embodiment AE, the intermediate layer 13 is used as the adjusting film layer for adjusting the primary image transmittance TL1 of the semi-transparent display area 122a. The embodiment AE uses a uniform transparent thin film layer as the functional reflective layer 20, and the functional reflective layer 20 of the embodiment AE is specularly reflective. The S-polarized light reflectance Rs and P-polarized light reflectance Rp of the functional reflective layer 20 of the embodiment AE are shown in Table 1. Natural light 2000 and projection light 111 are both incident on the embodiment AE at an incident angle of 70° and undergo multiple refractions and reflections. The refraction angle, reflectance, transmittance and light intensity of natural light 2000 and projection light 111 at the interface can be calculated using Snell's Law, Fresnel Formula and Beer-Lambert Law. The ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 and the secondary image reflectance RL2 of the embodiment AE is calculated respectively. 12 And the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 and the secondary image transmittance TL2 of Example AE. 12 The experimental results are shown in Figure 12.

[0131] Table 1

[0132] As shown in Figure 12, the experimental results indicate that by appropriately setting the S-polarized light reflectivity Rs and P-polarized light reflectivity Rp of the functional reflective layer 20, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the head-up display glass 120 can be made ≥10%, and the ratio RR of the primary image reflectivity RL1 to the secondary image reflectivity RL2 of the head-up display glass 120 can be simultaneously achieved. 12 ≥15, the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 12 ≥15, thus obtaining a product that meets the requirements. The relationship between the indicators such as the primary image reflectivity RL1, secondary image reflectivity RL2, primary image transmittance TL1, and secondary image transmittance TL2 of the head-up display glass 120 is as follows:

[0133] As the total visible light transmittance of the head-up display glass 120 increases, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the head-up display glass 120 also increases. With the p-polarized light reflectance Rp remaining constant, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the head-up display glass 120 reaches its maximum value when natural light 2000 is incident at an angle of 70°. For example, the maximum primary image transmittance TL1 in Example A is 54.3%, in Example B it is 61.4%, and in Example C it is 68.2%.

[0134] When natural light 2000 is incident at a 70° angle, as the transmittance TL1 of the primary image of the head-up display glass 120 increases, the ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 to the secondary image reflectance RL2 of the head-up display glass 120 also increases. 12 And the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 and the secondary image transmittance TL2. 12 All declined.

[0135] When natural light 2000 is incident at a 70° angle, and both the primary image transmittance TL1 of the head-up display glass 120 and the P-polarized light reflectance Rp of the functional reflective layer 20 remain constant, the greater the S-polarized light reflectance Rs of the functional reflective layer 20, the greater the ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 to the secondary image reflectance RL2 of the head-up display glass 120. 12 The larger.

[0136] The following will be illustrated with specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0137] Please refer to Figures 13 and 14. Figure 13 is a graph showing the reflectivity of S-polarized light and the reflectivity of P-polarized light when the projected light 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 in the head-up display glass 120 shown in Figure 9. Figure 14 is a graph showing the relative emission spectrum of the light sources of the two types of displays.

[0138] Examples 1-2

[0139] Examples 1-2 are specific structural examples of the head-up display glass 120 in the second embodiment described above. The outer glass 11, inner glass 12, intermediate layer 13, light-blocking layer 14, and functional reflective layer 20 of Examples 1-2 are prepared. A light-blocking layer 14 is disposed on the second surface 102 of the outer glass 11. The light-blocking layer 14 covers the portion of the second surface 102 located in the shielding area 123 and the portion of the second surface 102 located in the opaque display area 122b. The inner glass 12 and the outer glass 11 with the light-blocking layer 14 are connected together through the intermediate layer 13 to obtain the glass substrate 10 of Examples 1-2.

[0140] A functional reflective layer 20 is formed on the fourth surface 104 of the inner glass 12 using mirror ink, which is then screen-printed and sintered at high temperature. The mirror ink's main components are 98.4% TiO2 and 0.85% SiO2. The mirror ink is printed onto the fourth surface 104 in specific positions and patterns. After sintering at temperatures between 550℃ and 690℃, the mirror ink adheres firmly to the fourth surface 104. After sintering, the mirror ink exhibits a high mirror reflectivity and transparent visibility, while also possessing good hardness and wear resistance. The visible light reflectivity of one side of the functional reflective layer 20 at different incident angles is shown in Table 2, and the curves of the S-polarized light reflectivity Rs and P-polarized light reflectivity Rp of the functional reflective layer 20 are shown in Figure 12. As shown in Figure 13, when the projected ray 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 at an incident angle of 70°, the reflectivity Rp of the P-polarized light is low. The reflectivity curves of the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light in the 400nm to 700nm wavelength band are approximately flat and exhibit linear changes. Among them, ΔDs is 0.42% and ΔDp is 0.34%.

[0141] Table 2

[0142] Example 1: Both the outer glass 11 and the inner glass 12 are made of transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the intermediate layer 13 is made of light gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm. The color of the light gray PVB gradually lightens from the shading area 123 towards the viewing area 121. In Example 1, the transmittance of the viewing area 121 for the primary image of natural light 2000 incident at a 0° angle of incidence is 88.8%.

[0143] Example 2: The outer glass 11 is made of 2.1mm thick green heat-insulating glass, the inner glass 12 is made of 2.1mm thick green glass, and the intermediate layer 13 is made of 0.76mm thick PVB. In Example 2, the transmittance of the field of view 121 to the principal image of natural light 2000 incident at a 0° incident angle is 74.6%.

[0144] Two different displays were used as projection devices 110, positioned below the functional display area 122 of the head-up display glass 120 in Examples 1-2, to project image information. At this time, the light from both displays primarily entered the observer's eyes as S-polarized light. Information such as the clarity of the displayed images was observed and recorded from a set observation position 3000, and the simulated measurement results are recorded in Table 3. Specifically, the angle of incidence at the center of the opaque display area 122b observed from observation position 3000 was 70.5°, the angle of incidence at the center of the functional display area 122 observed from observation position 3000 was 70.0°, and the angle of incidence on the side of the field of view 121 closest to the functional display area 122 observed from observation position 3000 was 68°. The angle of refraction, reflectance, transmittance, and light intensity of light at the interfaces of the viewing area 121, the functional display area 122, and the opaque display area 122b of the head-up display glass 120 can be calculated using Snell's Law, Fresnel Formula, and Beer-Lambert Law.

[0145] Furthermore, for ease of description, the two types of displays are referred to as Display Screen 1 and Display Screen 2. For example, Display Screen 1 is a TFT-LCD display screen, and Display Screen 2 is an OLED display screen. The second display screen has an S-polarization film. Both Display Screen 1 and Display Screen 2 use S-polarized light incident, and their relative emission spectrum curves are shown in Figure 14.

[0146] Table 3

[0147] Based on the above experimental results, it can be seen that in Example 1, the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 in the functional display area 122 is... 12 The value is 105, and the ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 and the secondary image reflectance RL2 in the functional display area 122 is RR. 12 The value is 52.5. Simultaneously, from the observation position 3000 personnel observing the center of the function display area 122, the external information in the function display area 122 is very clear. The ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 and the secondary image reflectance RL2 in the opaque display area 122b is... 12 Greater than 100. Furthermore, from the observation position 3000, the side of the field of view 121 near the functional display area 122 provides very clear information about the outside of the vehicle. In Example 2, the ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the functional display area 122... 12 The value is 40, and the ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 and the secondary image reflectance RL2 in the functional display area 122 is RR. 12The value is 20. Simultaneously, from the observation position 3000 personnel observing the center of the function display area 122, the external information in the function display area 122 is very clear. The ratio RR of the primary image reflectance RL1 and the secondary image reflectance RL2 in the opaque display area 122b is... 12 Greater than 100. Furthermore, from the observation position 3000, the side of the field of view 121 near the functional display area 122 shows very clear external information. This indicates that the head-up display glass 120 of Examples 1-2 all have the ability to display image information in the functional display area 122, and all have a certain degree of visibility of the displayed image information. Among them, the head-up display glass 120 of Example 2 has a better and brighter display effect of external information. It also has the effect of visualizing external information, and has clear visibility of external information, with almost no perceptible transmission ghosting. Among them, the reflection ghosting of the head-up display glass 120 of Example 1 is almost invisible. The reflection ghosting of the head-up display glass 120 of Example 2 is acceptable in normal daytime scenes, but slight reflection ghosting occurs in low-brightness nighttime scenes or with low-brightness backgrounds (such as a reflected image on a black engine hood), which is related to factors such as the actual usage scenario, observation distance, and human visual acuity.

[0148] In Example 1, the ratio Q of the primary image transmittance TL1 of the functional display area 122 to the primary image transmittance TL1 of the adjacent visual field area 121 is 40.5%. In Example 2, the ratio Q of the primary image transmittance TL1 of the functional display area 122 to the primary image transmittance TL1 of the adjacent visual field area 121 is 84.0%. Compared with Example 1, the ratio Q of the primary image transmittance TL1 of the functional display area 122 to the primary image transmittance TL1 of the adjacent visual field area 121 is larger in Example 2. This indicates that the transparency transition between the functional display area 122 and the visual field area 121 is smoother in Example 2, resulting in a better visual effect.

[0149] Furthermore, in Examples 1-2, the reflectivity curves of both S-polarized and P-polarized light of the functional reflective layer 20 exhibit approximately linear changes. The color reflected by the head-up display glass 120 is directly related to the light source parameters of the display screen. Under the parameter settings of Display Screen 1 and Display Screen 2, there is a color cast in the virtual image that is invisible to the human eye. This indicates that when the reflectivity curve of the primary image of the functional reflective layer 20 changes approximately linearly, it is easier to adjust the display color of the image information displayed by the head-up display glass 120, thereby ensuring a good display effect of the head-up display glass 120.

[0150] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A head-up display glass for use in a vehicle, characterized in that, The head-up display glass includes a glass substrate and a functional reflective layer. The glass substrate includes an inner surface, and the functional reflective layer is disposed on the inner surface. The functional reflective layer is used to reflect projected light. The head-up display glass includes a viewing area, a functional display area, and a shielding area. The functional display area includes at least one semi-transparent display area located between the viewing area and the shielding area. The total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the viewing area and greater than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area. The semi-transparent display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer has a primary image reflectivity RL1 and a secondary image reflectivity RL2 for the projected light. The ratio RR of the primary image reflectivity RL1 to the secondary image reflectivity RL2 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is... 12 ≥15.

2. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum distance H between the boundary of the viewing area near the side of the obscured area and the boundary of the semi-transparent display area near the side of the obscured area is H≥10mm, or H≥30mm, or H≥50mm, or H≥100mm.

3. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmissivity of the primary image in the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is TL1≥10%, or TL1≥20%, or TL1≥30%.

4. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 in the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is TT. 12 ≥15.

5. The head-up display glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, In the direction from the semi-transparent display area to the field of view, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer remains unchanged, or the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer gradually increases.

6. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional display area also includes an opaque display area, which is located on the side of the semi-transparent display area near the shielding area. The total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area is less than that of the semi-transparent display area.

7. The head-up display glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmittance of the primary image in the opaque display area is less than 10%.

8. The head-up display glass according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The opaque display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer.

9. The head-up display glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The functional display area further includes at least one first extended display area located in the shielding area. The first extended display area is connected to the opaque display area. The first extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the first extended display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area.

10. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio F of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area to the area of ​​the functional display area is 10% ≤ F ≤ 100%.

11. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent field of view is 0.3≤Q≤1, or 0.5≤Q≤1, or 0.8≤Q≤1, or 0.9≤Q≤1.

12. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional reflective layer has an S-polarized light reflectivity R. S The functional reflective layer has a P-polarized light reflectivity R for P-polarized light. p The P-polarized light reflectivity R P Less than the S-polarized light reflectivity R S .

13. The head-up display glass according to claim 12, characterized in that, The S-polarized light reflectivity R S With the P-polarized light reflectivity R P The ratio K ≥ 1.

5.

14. The head-up display glass according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, When the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥40%, the P-polarized light reflectivity R P <40%.

15. The head-up display glass according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the reflectivity deviation ΔDs of the functional reflective layer for the S-polarized light with a wavelength of 400nm to 700nm is ΔDs≤3%, or ΔDs≤2%, or ΔDs≤1%.

16. The head-up display glass according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the reflectivity deviation ΔDp of the functional reflective layer for the P-polarized light with a wavelength of 400nm to 700nm is ΔDp≤3%, or ΔDp≤2%, or ΔDp≤1%.

17. The head-up display glass according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that, The functional display area further includes at least one second extended display area located in the field of view area. The second extended display area is connected to the semi-transparent display area. The second extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area is greater than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area.

18. The head-up display glass according to claim 17, characterized in that, The functional reflective layer has an S-polarized light reflectivity R. S The functional reflective layer has a P-polarized light reflectivity R for P-polarized light. p The P-polarized light reflectivity R P Less than the S-polarized light reflectivity R S When the projected light is incident at a 65° angle onto the portion of the second extended display area covered by the functional reflective layer, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥55%, the P-polarized light reflectivity R P ≤15%.

19. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index n of the functional reflective layer is ≥1.

7.

20. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional reflective layer is a sol-gel coating.

21. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the functional reflective layer includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, or transition metal oxide.

22. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass substrate includes an outer glass, an inner glass and an intermediate layer. Along the thickness direction of the glass substrate, the outer glass and the inner glass are spaced apart and disposed opposite to each other, and the intermediate layer is located between the outer glass and the inner glass. The head-up display glass further includes a functional layer, which is disposed between the outer glass and the intermediate layer, or between the intermediate layer and the inner glass.

23. The head-up display glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary image reflectivity RL1 is the reflectivity of the functional reflective layer during the first reflection of S-polarized light, and the secondary image reflectivity RL2 is the reflectivity of the S-polarized light that passes through the functional reflective layer and enters the head-up display glass during the second reflection.

24. A laminated glass for use in vehicles, characterized in that, The laminated glass includes a glass substrate and a functional reflective layer. The glass substrate includes an outer glass pane, an inner glass pane, and an intermediate layer. Along the thickness direction of the glass substrate, the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane are spaced apart and opposite to each other. The intermediate layer is located between the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane. The glass substrate includes an inner surface, and the functional reflective layer is disposed on the inner surface. The functional reflective layer is used to reflect projected light. The laminated glass includes a viewing area, a functional display area, and a shielding area. The functional display area includes at least one semi-transparent display area located between the viewing area and the shielding area. The total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the viewing area and greater than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area. The semi-transparent display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is ≥10%. The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 to the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is... 12 ≥15.

25. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The transmittance of the primary image in the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is TL1≥20%, or TL1≥30%.

26. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The ratio TT of the primary image transmittance TL1 and the secondary image transmittance TL2 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer 12 ≥20.

27. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The functional reflective layer has an S-polarized light reflectivity R. S The functional reflective layer has a P-polarized light reflectivity R for P-polarized light. P The P-polarized light reflectivity R P Less than the S-polarized light reflectivity R S The S-polarized light reflectivity R S With the P-polarized light reflectivity R P The ratio K ≥ 1.

5.

28. The laminated glass according to claim 27, characterized in that, When the projected light is incident on the functional reflective layer at an incident angle of 70°, the S-polarized light reflectivity R S ≥40%, the P-polarized light reflectivity R P <40%, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R P ≤30%, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R P ≤20%, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R P ≤10%.

29. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The refractive index n of the functional reflective layer is ≥1.

7.

30. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The functional reflective layer is a sol-gel coating.

31. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The material of the functional reflective layer includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, or transition metal oxide.

32. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 24 to 31, characterized in that, In the direction from the semi-transparent display area to the field of view, the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer remains unchanged, or the primary image transmittance TL1 of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer gradually increases.

33. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 24 to 31, characterized in that, The functional display area also includes an opaque display area with a main image transmittance of less than 10%. The opaque display area is located on the side of the semi-transparent display area close to the shielding area, and the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area is less than that of the semi-transparent display area.

34. The laminated glass according to claim 33, characterized in that, The opaque display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer.

35. The laminated glass according to claim 33, characterized in that, The functional display area further includes at least one first extended display area located in the shielding area. The first extended display area is connected to the opaque display area. The first extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the first extended display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area.

36. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The functional display area further includes at least one second extended display area located in the field of view area. The second extended display area is connected to the semi-transparent display area. The second extended display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer. The total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area is greater than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area.

37. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The ratio F of the area of ​​the semi-transparent display area to the area of ​​the functional display area is 10% ≤ F ≤ 100%.

38. The laminated glass according to claim 24, characterized in that, The ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the portion of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent field of view is 0.3≤Q≤1, or 0.5≤Q≤1, or 0.8≤Q≤1, or 0.9≤Q≤1.

39. A head-up display system, characterized in that, Includes a projection device and a head-up display glass as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 23 or a laminated glass as claimed in any one of claims 24 to 38, wherein the projection device is located on the side of the head-up display glass or the laminated glass facing the interior of the vehicle, and the projection device is used to emit the projected light.

40. The head-up display system according to claim 39, characterized in that, The projected light includes S-polarized light and P-polarized light, wherein the proportion of S-polarized light in the projected light is greater than or equal to 70% and less than or equal to 100%.

41. The head-up display system according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that, The projected light forms a projected image in the semi-transparent display area, and the distance between the projected image and the surface of the head-up display glass facing the outside of the vehicle is less than or equal to 1m along the direction of the line connecting the center of the projected image and the observation position.

42. A vehicle, characterized in that, The system includes a vehicle body and a head-up display system as described in any one of claims 39 to 41, wherein the head-up display glass or the laminated glass is installed at an opening in the vehicle body, and the projection device is installed inside the vehicle body.

Images