Anti-CD200r1 antibodies
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/080535
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-02-28
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-03
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2026080535-APPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2026080535-APPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2026080535-APPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
ANTI-CD200R1 ANTIBODIESTechnical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of molecular biology and immunology and particularly to anti-CD200R1 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof, as well as preparation methods and uses thereof.Background
[0002] CD200R1 is an Ig super family transmembrane glycoprotein and part of a family of checkpoint receptors that negatively regulate immune cell activation. CD200R1 is primary expressed on the surface of cells of the innate system, specifically of the monocytic linage like macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells, but also on activated cell subsets such as T memory cells (Immunity. 2000 Aug; 13 (2) : 233-42; J Immunol 2003; 171: 3034-3046) . The natural ligand for CD200R is CD200, which is a member of the immunoglobulin super-family of glycoproteins expressed in a wide variety of cells (J. Biol. Chem. 2011; 34722e34732; J. Neuroimmunol. 2009; 78e82) . Human CD200R1 interacts with CD200 and viral CD200 homologues. The CD200-CD200R1 mediates suppressive signaling pathway and plays key roles in inhibiting the functions of T cells, myeloid cells, and NK cells (Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22 (4) , 1602) .
[0003] CD200R1 blockade exacerbated disease in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS (Immunity. 2000; 13: 233–242. ) . CD200R expression is found intensively on perivascular macrophages and lower levels on parenchymal microglia, in autopsy specimens from MS patients, which may thus serve as targets for CD200R agonists (J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2009; 68: 159–167. ) . CD200 and CD200R1 expression and function are abnormal in SLE and may contribute to the immunologic abnormalities in SLE (Arthritis Res Ther 14, R123 (2012) . ) . Therefore, CD200R1 agonists play a key role in the attenuation of autoimmune disease.Summary
[0004] In a first aspect, provided is an antibody that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable region (VL) and a heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein: the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40;or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; or the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42.
[0005] In a second aspect, provided is an antibody that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable region (VL) and a heavy chain variable region (VH) , wherein: the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; or the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively.
[0006] In some embodiments of the first or second aspect of the invention, provided is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein: the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO : 34; or the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34.
[0007] In some embodiments of the first or second aspect of the invention, provided is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprises a heavy chain (HC) and a light chain (LC) , and wherein: the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 43; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 60; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 61; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 62; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 63; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 64; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 65; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 66; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 67; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 58; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 59; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 55.
[0008] In some embodiments, the antibody is a murine antibody, a chimeric antibody, a humanized antibody, or a human antibody; preferably, a fully human antibody.
[0009] In some embodiments, the antibody is of an isotype selected from the group consisting of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and IgD. In some embodiments, the antibody is of a subtype selected from the group consisting of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. In some embodiments, the antigen-binding fragment is selected from the group consisting of Fab, Fab’ , F (ab') 2, Fd, Fd’ , Fv, scFv, ds-scFv, dAb, and sdAb.
[0010] In some embodiments, the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
[0011] In some embodiments, the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof binds to human CD200R1a and human CD200R1d; binds to non-human primate CD200R1a and non-human primate CD200R1d; has agonistic effect on CD200 / CD200R1 signaling; and / or does not block the CD200-CD200R1 interaction.
[0012] In a third aspect, provided is a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof of the first or the second aspect of the invention.
[0013] In a fourth aspect, provided is a vector comprising the nucleic acid of the third aspect.
[0014] In a fifth aspect, provided is a host cell comprising the nucleic acid of the third aspect or the vector of the fourth aspect of the invention.
[0015] In a sixth aspect, provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising (i) the antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof of the first or the second aspects of the invention, or the nucleic acid of the third aspect of the invention, or the vector of the forth aspect of the invention, or the host cell of the fifth aspect of the invention; and optionally (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
[0016] In a seventh aspect, provided is a method of treating an autoimmune disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof of the first or the second aspects of the invention, or the nucleic acid of the third aspect of the invention, or the vector of the forth aspect of the invention, or the host cell of the fifth aspect of the invention, or the pharmaceutical composition of the sixth aspect.
[0017] In an eighth aspect, provided is use of the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof of the first or the second aspects of the invention, or the nucleic acid of the third aspect of the invention, or the vector of the forth aspect of the invention, or the host cell of the fifth aspect of the invention, or the pharmaceutical composition of the sixth aspect in the manufacture of a medicament for treating an autoimmune disease in a subject.
[0018] In a ninth aspect, provided is the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof of the first or the second aspects of the invention, or the nucleic acid of the third aspect of the invention, or the vector of the forth aspect of the invention, or the host cell of the fifth aspect of the invention, or the pharmaceutical composition of the sixth aspect for use in the treatment of an autoimmune disease in a subject.
[0019] In some embodiments of the seventh, eighth, or ninth aspects, the autoimmune disease is selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, asthma, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , multiple sclerosis (MS) , syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) , autoimmune thyroiditis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves'disease, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
[0020] The CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof of the present invention can achieve at least one of the following technical effects:
[0021] 1. The CD200R1 antibody is a novel fully human antibody, and the CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof has binding activity to human CD200R1 and cynomolgus monkey CD200R1.
[0022] 2. The CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof has binding activity to both CD200R1 isoform a &d.
[0023] 3. The CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof does not block the CD200-CD200R1 interaction.
[0024] 4. The CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof exhibits superior agonistic activity than reference antibodies.
[0025] 5. The CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof binds a different epitope compared with reference antibodies.Brief Description of the Drawings
[0026] Figure 1 illustrates the binding of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to CHO-K1 cells overexpressing human CD200R1 isoform a (CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a) and human CD200R1 isoform d (CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d) .
[0027] Figure 2 illustrates the binding of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to CHO-K1 cells overexpressing cyno CD200R1 isoform a (CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1a) and cyno CD200R1 isoform d (CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d) .
[0028] Figure 3 illustrates the efficacy of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to block the binding of CD200 protein to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d.
[0029] Figure 4 illustrates the efficacy of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to enhance PathHunter CD200R1a signaling.
[0030] Figure 5A-5B illustrates the efficacy of variants of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to enhance PathHunter CD200R1a signaling.
[0031] Figure 6A-6B illustrates the binding activity of variants of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d, CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d.
[0032] Figure 7 illustrates the binding of variants of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to activated primary Pan T cells.
[0033] Figure 8 illustrates the efficacy of variants of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to enhance PathHunter CD200R1a signaling.
[0034] Figure 9 illustrates the efficacy of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to block the binding of biotin-CD200 protein to CD200R1 protein.
[0035] Figure 10 illustrates the ADCC efficacy of anti-CD200R1 antibodies in the presence of CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a.
[0036] Figure 11 illustrates the timeline of HDM / alum sensitization and challenge in a mouse model of lung inflammation.
[0037] Figure 12 illustrates Penh values measured during AHR induced by different concentrations of MCh measured on Day 41 of the lung inflammation study. **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001.
[0038] Figure 13 illustrates total IgE levels in serum measured at the endpoint of the lung inflammation study. *, p < 0.05; ****, p < 0.0001.Detailed Description
[0039] Definitions
[0040] The aforementioned features and advantages of the invention as well as additional features and advantages thereof will be more clearly understood hereafter as a result of a detailed description of the following embodiments when taken in conjunction with the drawings.
[0041] The embodiments described herein with reference to drawings are explanatory, illustrative, and used to generally understand the present invention. The embodiments shall not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention. The same or similar elements and the elements having same or similar functions are denoted by like reference numerals throughout the descriptions. Unless indicated or defined otherwise, all terms used have their usual meaning in the art, which will be clear to the skilled person. Reference is for example made to the standard handbooks, such as Leuenberger, H. G. W, Nagel, B. and Klbl, H. eds., "A multilingual glossary of biotechnological terms: (IUPAC Recommendations) " , Helvetica Chimica Acta (1995) , CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland; Sambrook et al, "Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual" (2nd Ed. ) , Vols. 1-3, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989) ; F. Ausubel et al, eds., "Current protocols in molecular biology" , Green Publishing and Wiley InterScience, New York (1987) ; Roitt et al., "Immunology (6th Ed. ) , Mosby / Elsevier, Edinburgh (2001) ; and Janeway et al., "Immunobiology" (6th Ed. ) , Garland Science Publishing / Churchill Livingstone, New York (2005) , as well as the general background art cited above.
[0042] As used herein, singular forms “a” , “and, ” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “an antibody” includes a plurality of antibodies and reference to “an antibody” in some embodiments includes multiple antibodies, and so forth.
[0043] Unless indicated or defined otherwise, the term "comprise" , and variations thereof such as "comprises" and "comprising" , should be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated elements or step or group of elements or steps but not the exclusion of any other element or step or group of elements or steps. The term “comprising” encompasses “including” as well as “consisting” e.g., a composition “comprising” X may consist exclusively of X or may include something additional e.g., X + Y.
[0044] The term “about” in relation to a numerical value x is optional and means, for example, x±10% or x±5%.
[0045] As used herein, the term “antibody (Ab) ” refers to an immunoglobulin molecule which has the ability to specifically bind to a specific antigen. An antibody often comprises a variable region and a constant region in each of a heavy chain and a light chain. The variable regions of the heavy and light chains of antibodies contain a binding domain that interacts with an antigen. The constant regions of antibodies may mediate the binding of the immunoglobulin to host tissues or factors, including various cells of the immune system (such as effector cells) and components of the complement system such as C1q, the first component in the classical pathway of complement activation. Accordingly, most antibodies have a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL) that together form the portion of the antibody that binds to the antigen.
[0046] A “light chain variable region” (VL) or “heavy chain variable region” (VH) consists of a “framework” region interrupted by three “complementarity determining regions” or “CDRs” . The framework regions serve to align the CDRs for specific binding to an epitope of an antigen. The CDRs include the amino acid residues of an antibody that are primarily responsible for antigen binding. From amino-terminus to carboxyl-terminus, both VL and VH domains comprise the following framework (FR) and CDR regions: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, and FR4. CDRs 1, 2, and 3 of a VL domain are also referred to herein, respectively, as LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3; CDRs 1, 2, and 3 of a VH domain are also referred to herein, respectively, as HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3.
[0047] The assignment of amino acids to each VL and VH domain is in accordance with any conventional definition of CDRs. Conventional definitions include, the Kabat definition (Kabat, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 1987 and 1991) , the Chothia definition (Chothia &Lesk, J. Mol. Biol. 196: 901-917, 1987; Chothia et al., Nature 342: 878-883, 1989) ; a composite of Chothia Kabat CDR in which CDR-H1 is a composite of Chothia and Kabat CDRs; the AbM definition used by Oxford Molecular’s antibody modelling software; and, the contact definition of Martin et al. (world wide web bioinfo. org. uk / abs) . Kabat provides a widely used numbering convention (Kabat numbering system) in which corresponding residues between different heavy chains or between different light chains are assigned the same number. The present disclosure can use CDRs defined according to any of these numbering systems, although preferred embodiments use Chothia defined CDRs.
[0048] The term "antibody" as used herein should be understood in its broadest meaning, and includes monoclonal antibodies (including full-length monoclonal antibodies) , polyclonal antibodies, antibody fragments, and multi-specific antibodies containing at least two different antigen binding regions (e.g., bispecific antibodies) . The antibody may contain additional modifications, such as non-naturally occurring amino acids, mutations in Fc regions, and mutations in glycosylation sites. Antibodies also include post-translation modified antibodies, fusion proteins containing the antigenic determinants of the antibody, and immunoglobulin molecules containing any other modifications to antigen recognition sites, as long as these antibodies exhibit desired biological activity.
[0049] As used herein, the definition of “antibody” also encompasses recombinant antibodies, fully human antibodies, non-human antibodies, humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies, and the like. Antibodies provided herein include members of any immunoglobulin type (e.g., IgG, IgM, IgD, IgE, IgA and IgY) , any class (e.g. IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2) or subclass (e.g., IgG2a and IgG2b) .
[0050] The term “recombinant antibody” , as used herein, includes all antibodies that are prepared, expressed, created or isolated by recombinant means, such as (a) antibodies isolated from an animal (e.g., a mouse) that is transgenic or transchromosomal with respect to the immunoglobulin genes or a hybridoma prepared therefrom, (b) antibodies isolated from a host cell transformed to express the antibody, e.g., from a transfectoma, (c) antibodies isolated from a recombinant, combinatorial antibody library, and (d) antibodies prepared, expressed, created or isolated by any other means that involve splicing of immunoglobulin gene sequences to other DNA sequences.
[0051] The term “human antibody” , as used herein, is intended to include antibodies having variable and constant regions derived from human germline immunoglobulin sequences. Human antibodies may include amino acid residues not encoded by human germline immunoglobulin sequences (e.g., mutations introduced by random or site-specific mutagenesis in vitro or by somatic mutation in vivo) . The definition of a human antibody specifically excludes a humanized antibody comprising non-human antigen-binding residues.
[0052] As used herein, the term “fully human antibody” refers to an antibody that comprises human immunoglobulin protein sequences only. A fully human antibody may contain murine carbohydrate chains if produced in a mouse, in a mouse cell, or in a hybridoma derived from a mouse cell.
[0053] As used herein, the term “antigen binding fragment” of an antibody refers to one or more fragments of an antibody that retain the ability to specifically bind to an antigen (e.g., C200R1) . It has been shown that the antigen binding function of an antibody can be performed by fragments of a full-length antibody.
[0054] Examples of antigen binding fragments encompassed within the term "antigen binding portion" of an antibody include (i) a Fab fragment, a monovalent fragment consisting of the VL, VH, CL and CH1 domains; (ii) a F (ab') 2 fragment, a bivalent fragment comprising two Fab fragments linked by a disulfide bridge at the hinge region; (iii) a Fab'fragment, which is essentially an Fab with part of the hinge region (see, FUNDAMENTALIMMUNOLOGY (Paul ed., 3. sup. rd ed. 1993) ; (iv) a Fd fragment consisting of the VH and CH1 domains; (v) a Fd'fragment having VH and CH1 domains and one or more cysteine residues at the C-terminus of the CH1 domain; (vi) a Fv fragment consisting of the VL and VH domains of a single arm of an antibody, (vii) a dAb fragment (Ward et al., (1989) Nature 341: 544-546) , which consists of a VH domain; (viii) an isolated complementarity determining region (CDR) ; and (ix) a nanobody, a heavy chain variable region containing a single variable domain and two constant domains. Furthermore, although the two domains of the Fv fragment, V Land VH are coded for by separate genes, they can be joined, using recombinant methods, by a synthetic linker that enables them to be made as a single protein chain in which the VL and VH regions pair to form monovalent molecules (known as single chain Fv (scFv) ; see e.g., Bird et al. (1988) Science 242: 423-426; and Huston et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 5879-5883) . Such single chain antibodies are also intended to be encompassed within the term "antigen binding fragment" of an antibody. Furthermore, the term also includes a "linear antibody" comprising a pair of tandem Fd segments (VH-CH1-VH-CH1) , which forms an antigen binding region together with a complementary light chain polypeptide, and a modified version of any of the foregoing fragments, which retains antigen binding activity.
[0055] These antigen binding fragments can be obtained using conventional techniques known to those with skill in the art, and the fragments are screened for utility in the same manner as are intact antibodies.
[0056] As used herein, the term "binding" or "specifically binding" refers to a non-random binding reaction between two molecules, such as between an antibody and its target antigen. The binding specificity of an antibody can be determined based on affinity and / or avidity. The affinity, represented by the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an antigen with an antibody (KD) , is a measure for the binding strength between an antigenic determinant (epitope) and an antigen-binding site on the antibody: the lesser the value of the KD, the stronger the binding strength between an antigenic determinant (epitope) and the antibody. Alternatively, the affinity can also be expressed as the affinity constant (KA) , which is 1 / KD.
[0057] Avidity is the measure of the strength of binding between an antibody and the pertinent antigen. Avidity is related to both the affinity between an antigenic determinant (epitope) and its antigen binding site on the antibody and the number of pertinent binding sites present on the antibody. Typically, an antibody will bind with a dissociation constant (KD) of 10-5 to 10-12 M or less, and preferably 10-7 to 10-12 M or less and more preferably 10-8 to 10-12 M, and / or with a binding affinity of at least 10-7 M, preferably at least 10-8 M, more preferably at least 10-9 M, such as at least 10-12 M. Any KD value greater than 10-4 M is generally considered to indicate non-specific binding. Specifically, the binding of an antibody to an antigen or antigenic determinant can be determined in any suitable manner known per se, including, for example, Scatchard analysis and / or competitive binding assays, such as radioimmunoassays (RIA) , enzyme immunoassays (EIA) , bio-layer interferometry (BLI) assay and sandwich competition assays, and the different variants thereof known per se in the art.
[0058] The term “epitope” refers to a site on an antigen to which an antibody binds. An epitope can be formed from contiguous amino acids or noncontiguous amino acids juxtaposed by tertiary folding of one or more proteins. Epitopes formed from contiguous amino acids (also known as linear epitopes) are typically retained on exposure to denaturing solvents whereas epitopes formed by tertiary folding (also known as conformational epitopes) are typically lost on treatment with denaturing solvents. An epitope typically includes at least 3, and more usually, at least 5 or 8-10 amino acids in a unique spatial conformation. The epitope defines the smallest binding site of an antibody and therefore is the specific target of the antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof.
[0059] As used herein, the term “sequence identity” refers to the extent to which two sequences (amino acid) have the same residue at the same positions in an alignment. For example, “an amino acid sequence is X%identical to SEQ ID NO: Y” refers to %identity of the amino acid sequence to SEQ ID NO: Y and is elaborated as X%of residues in the amino acid sequence are identical to the residues of sequence disclosed in SEQ ID NO: Y. Generally, computer programs are employed for such calculations. Exemplary programs that compare and align pairs of sequences, include ALIGN (Myers and Miller, 1988) , FASTA (Pearson and Lipman, 1988; Pearson, 1990) and gapped BLAST (Altschul et al., 1997) , BLASTP, BLASTN, or GCG (Devereux et al., 1984) . Also, in determining the degree of sequence identity between two amino acid sequences, the skilled person may take into account so-called "conservative" amino acid substitutions, which can generally be described as amino acid substitutions in which an amino acid residue is replaced with another amino acid residue of similar chemical structure and which has little or essentially no influence on the function, activity or other biological properties of the polypeptide. Such conservative amino acid substitutions are well known in the art, for example from WO 04 / 037999, GB-A-2 357 768, WO 98 / 49185, WO 00 / 46383 and WO 01 / 09300; and (preferred) types and / or combinations of such substitutions may be selected on the basis of the pertinent teachings from WO 04 / 037999 as well as WO 98 / 49185 and from the further references cited therein.
[0060] Such conservative substitutions preferably are substitutions in which one amino acid within the following groups (a) - (e) is substituted by another amino acid residue within the same group: (a) small aliphatic, nonpolar or slightly polar residues: Ala, Ser, Thr, Pro and Gly; (b) polar, negatively charged residues and their (uncharged) amides: Asp, Asn, Glu and Gln; (c) polar, positively charged residues: His, Arg and Lys; (d) large aliphatic, nonpolar residues: Met, Leu, He, Val and Cys; and (e) aromatic residues: Phe, Tyr and Trp.
[0061] Particularly preferred conservative substitutions are as follows: Ala into Gly or into Ser; Arg into Lys; Asn into Gln or into His; Asp into Glu; Cys into Ser; Gln into Asn; Glu into Asp; Gly into Ala or into Pro; His into Asn or into Gln; Ile into Leu or into Val; Leu into Ile or into Val; Lys into Arg, into Gln or into Glu; Met into Leu, into Tyr or into Ile; Phe into Met, into Leu or into Tyr; Ser into Thr; Thr into Ser; Trp into Tyr; Tyr into Trp; and / or Phe into Val, into Ile or into Leu.
[0062] Any amino acid substitutions applied to the polypeptides described herein may also be based on the analysis of the frequencies of amino acid variations between homologous proteins of different species developed by Schulz et al., Principles of Protein Structure, Springer-Verlag, 1978, on the analyses of structure forming potentials developed by Chou and Fasman, Biochemistry 13: 211, 1974 and Adv. Enzymol., 47: 45-149, 1978, and on the analysis of hydrophobicity patterns in proteins developed by Eisenberg et al., Proc. Nat. Acad Sci. USA 81: 140-144, 1984; Kyte &Doolittle, J Mol. Biol. 157: 105-132, 198 1, and Goldman et al., Ann. Rev. Biophys. Chem. 15: 321-353, 1986, all incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. As used herein, the term "monoclonal antibody" refers to an antibody obtained from a substantially homogeneous antibody population. That is, the antibodies constituting the population are the same, except for possible naturally occurring mutations in small amount. Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific and are directed against a single antigen. The term "monoclonal antibody" herein is not limited to antibodies produced by hybridoma technology, and should not be interpreted as requiring production of antibodies by any specific method. The term “bispecific antibody” is in the context of the present invention to be understood as an antibody having two different antigen-binding regions defined by different antibody sequences. This can be understood as different target binding but includes as well binding to different epitopes in one target.
[0063] As used herein, the term “Fc region” refers to a C-terminal region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain that contains at least a portion of the heavy chain constant region. Preferably, an Fc region comprises at least a CH3 domain, for example, a CH3 domain, a CH2 domain and a CH3 domain or preferably, a hinge region, a CH2 domain and a CH3 domain. This term encompasses native and variant Fc regions. Unless otherwise specified, numbering of amino acid residues in the Fc region or constant region is according to the EU numbering system (EU index) , as described in Kabat et al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th Ed. Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., 1991.
[0064] In some embodiments, an antibody or antigen-binding fragment as described herein comprises an Fc region. In some embodiments, the Fc region comprises a CH3 domain. In some embodiments, the Fc region comprises a CH2 domain and a CH3 domain. In some embodiments, the Fc region comprises at least a portion of a hinge region, a CH2 domain and a CH3 domain. The Fc region may be a monomeric Fc region, i.e., a soluble monomeric Fc region (see e.g., Wang C et al., Engineered Soluble Monomeric IgG1 Fc with Significantly Decreased Non-Specific Binding. Front Immunol. 2017 Nov 13; 8: 1545) , or a dimeric Fc region, which comprises two identical (homodimer) or different (heterodimer) Fc region subunits.
[0065] The Fc region may be used may be derived from any immunoglobulin subtype or subclass, for example, IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE. Preferably, the Fc region is derived from human IgG, e.g., human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4. In some embodiments, the Fc region is a human IgG1 Fc region. In some embodiments, the Fc region is a human IgG4 Fc region.
[0066] The Fc regions of antibodies may be modified to obtain antibodies having desirable properties. For example, one or more cysteines may be introduced into or removed from the hinge region (e.g., by site-directed mutagenesis) to promote or weaken dimerization. For example, hinge region, CH2 and / or CH3 may be modified to prolong or decrease the half-life, promote the cellular internalization or tissue penetration, increase or decrease the binding to FcγRIIB (see e.g., WO2008150494A1) , increase or decrease Fc effector functions, including but not limited to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) , antibody dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) (see e.g., Caron, P.C., et al., J. Exp. Med. 176: 1191-1195 (1992) ; and Shopes B. J. Immunol. 148 2918-2922 (1992) ) .
[0067] The term “hinge region” generally refers to a portion between the CH1 and CH2 domains of a conventional antibody, a portion between the VHH and CH2 domains of a heavy chain antibody or a functional equivalent thereof (e.g., the hinge region in a T cell receptor (TCR) ) . The hinge region may be an intact hinge region or a portion thereof.
[0068] As used herein, a “nucleic acid” or a “polynucleotide” refers to a polymer of at least two nucleotides or nucleotide derivatives joined together by phosphodiester bonds, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) . Exogenous nucleic acids can be introduced into a host cell in the form of vectors. Therapeutic nucleic acids can be introduced into a subject with a purpose of treating a disease.
[0069] As used herein, the term "vector" is intended to refer to a nucleic acid molecule capable of transporting another nucleic acid to which it has been linked. It is a vehicle used to transfer exogenous nucleic acids into a host cell, where the exogenous nucleic acids are amplified or expressed. As used herein, the definition of “vector” encompasses plasmids, linearized plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids, phage vectors, phagemids, artificial chromosomes (e.g., yeast artificial chromosomes and mammalian artificial chromosomes) , etc. A vector could be expressible and / or replicable inside a host cell, meaning that the vector is able to express RNA polynucleotides or polypeptides and / or to produce multiple copies of the vector in the host cell. To be “expressible” or “replicable” , a vector could comprise nucleic acid sequences or elements operably linked to a promoter.
[0070] As used herein, the term "host cell" refers to a cell into which an expression vector has been introduced. A “host cell” may be any prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell that contains exogenous polynucleotides.
[0071] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable” means that the carrier or adjuvant is compatible with the other ingredients of the composition and not substantially deleterious to the recipient thereof and / or that such carrier or adjuvant is approved or approvable for inclusion in a pharmaceutical composition for parenteral administration to humans.
[0072] As used herein, the terms "treatment, " "treating, " and the like, refer to administering an agent, or carrying out a procedure, for the purposes of obtaining an effect. The effect may be prophylactic in terms of completely or partially preventing a disease or symptom thereof and / or may be therapeutic in terms of effecting a partial or complete cure for a disease and / or symptom thereof. "Treatment, " as used herein, may include treatment of a disease or disorder (e.g. autoimmune diseases) in a mammal, particularly in a human, and includes: (a) preventing the disease or a symptom of a disease from occurring in a subject which may be predisposed to the disease but has not yet been diagnosed as having it (e.g., including diseases that may be associated with or caused by a primary disease; (b) inhibiting the disease, i.e., arresting its development; and (c) relieving the disease, i.e., causing regression of the disease. Treating may refer to any indicia of success in the treatment or amelioration or prevention of an autoimmune disease, including any objective or subjective parameter such as abatement; remission; diminishing of symptoms or making the disease condition more tolerable to the patient. The treatment or amelioration of symptoms is based on one or more objective or subjective parameters; including the results of an examination by a physician. Accordingly, the term "treating" includes the administration of the antibodies or compositions disclosed herein to prevent or delay, to alleviate, or to arrest or inhibit development of the symptoms or conditions associated with diseases (e.g. autoimmune diseases) . The term "therapeutic effect" refers to the reduction, elimination, or prevention of the disease, symptoms of the disease, or side effects of the disease in the subject.
[0073] The term "effective amount" as used herein means the amount that, when administered to a subject for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect treatment for that disease.
[0074] The term “subject” , as used herein, refers to any mammalian subject for whom diagnosis, treatment, or therapy is desired. "Mammal" for purposes of treatment refers to any animal classified as a mammal, including humans, domestic and farm animals, and laboratory, zoo, sports, or pet animals, such as dogs, horses, cats, cows, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, monkeys etc. In some embodiments, the subject is a human.
[0075] The terms “hCD200R1” and “human CD200R1” are used interchangeably herein, and are refer to human CD200 receptor 1. The term includes any CD200R1 variants, isoforms and species homologs which are naturally expressed by human cells, including human T cells, or are expressed on cells transfected with genes or cDNA encoding the human CD200R1 which are naturally expressed on human cells.
[0076] The terms “cyno CD200R1” , “cynomolgus monkey CD200R1” , and “Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1” are used interchangeably herein, and refer to cynomolgus monkey CD200 receptor 1. The term includes any CD200R1 variants, isoforms and species homologs which are naturally expressed by cynomolgus monkey cells, including cynomolgus monkey T cells, or are expressed on cells transfected with genes or cDNA encoding the cynomolgus monkey CD200R1 which are naturally expressed on cynomolgus monkey cells.
[0077] As used herein, “human CD200R1 agonist antibody” or “anti-human CD200R agonist antibody” refers to an antibody that binds to human CD200R1, and when administered in vitro or in vivo, results in the enhancement of CD200-CD200R1 signaling in the T cells or other types of cells in the microenvironment.
[0078] The antibody identity numbers or identifies (e.g., PR005442, PR014389, PR014390, PR014391, PR014392, PR014393, PR014394, PR014395, PR014396, PR014397, PR014398, PR014399, PR014400, PR014401, PR014402, PR014403, PR014404, PR014405, PR014406, PR014407, PR014408, PR014409, PR014410, PR015665, PR015711, PR015712, PR200980, PR200981, PR200982, PR200983, PR200984, PR200985, PR200986, PR200987, PR200988, PR200989 or the like) are used herein for the purpose of distinguishing or designating different antibodies or products only, but do not intend to restrict the features of the antibody or product of the present disclosure thereto. Similarly, the use of identity numbers or identifies in the Examples is merely for convenience and brevity. The features of the antibody or product of the present disclosure are defined by those described in the appended claims.
[0079] Anti-CD200R1 agonist antibodies
[0080] Provided is an anti-CD200R1 antibody and an antigen-binding fragment thereof. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody specifically binds to human CD200R1 and Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1, but does not bind to mouse or rat CD200R1. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody enhances the binding of CD200 and CD200R1, or enhances the interaction between CD200 and CD200R1. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody has strong binding affinity to CD200R1. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody binds to CD200R1 expressed on the surface of cells. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody enhances the binding of CD200 and CD200R1 expressed on the surface of cells. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody enhances the interaction between CD200 and CD200R1 expressed on the surface of cells. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody enhances the CD200-induced CD200R1 signaling in cells. In some embodiments, the anti-CD200R1 antibody has agonistic activity but does not show antagonistic activity.
[0081] In the first aspect, provided is an antibody that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable region (VL) and a heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein:
[0082] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; or
[0083] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42; or
[0084] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; or
[0085] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; or
[0086] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; or
[0087] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; or
[0088] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42; or
[0089] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; or
[0090] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; or
[0091] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; or
[0092] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; or
[0093] the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42.
[0094] In the second aspect, provided is an antibody that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable region (VL) and a heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein:
[0095] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and
[0096] the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or
[0097] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or
[0098] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; or
[0099] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or
[0100] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or
[0101] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and
[0102] the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or
[0103] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; or
[0104] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or
[0105] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and
[0106] the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; or
[0107] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and
[0108] the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; or
[0109] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; or
[0110] the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively.
[0111] In some embodiments, provided is an antibody that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable region (VL) and a heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein
[0112] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or
[0113] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or
[0114] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34; or
[0115] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or
[0116] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or
[0117] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or
[0118] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; or
[0119] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or
[0120] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; or
[0121] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34; or
[0122] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO : 34; or
[0123] the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34.
[0124] In some embodiments, the VL comprises a functional variant of the amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 38, 40, 41 and 42 formed by insertion, deletion and / or substitution of one or more amino acid (s) therein, provided that the functional variant retains the ability of binding to CD200R1. In some embodiments, the VH comprises a functional variant of the amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 34, 36 and 37 formed by insertion, deletion and / or substitution of one or more amino acid (s) therein, provided that the functional variant retains the ability of binding to CD200R1.
[0125] The functional variant comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of the parent polypeptide. For example, the functional variant of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 38, 40, 41 and 42 comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 38, 40, 41 and 42, respectively. For example, the functional variant of any one of SEQ ID NO: 34, 36 and 37 comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NO: 34, 36 and 37.
[0126] In some embodiments, the functional variant of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 38, 40, 41 and 42 comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 38, 40, 41 and 42 and formed by insertion, deletion and / or substitution of one or more amino acid (s) in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 38, 40, 41 and 42. In some embodiments, the functional variant of any one of SEQ ID NO: 34, 36 and 37 comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NO: 34, 36 and 37 and formed by insertion, deletion and / or substitution of one or more amino acid (s) in any one of SEQ ID NO: 34, 36 and 37.
[0127] In the context of the functional variant, the number of the inserted, deleted and / or substituted amino acid is preferably no more than 40%of the total number of amino acids in the parent amino acid sequence, more preferably no more than 35%, more preferably 1-33%, and more preferably 5-30%, more preferably 10-25%, more preferably 15-20%. For example, the number of the inserted, deleted and / or substituted amino acid can be 1-20, preferably 1-10, more preferably 1-7, still more preferably 1-5, and most preferably 1-2. In a preferred embodiment, the number of the inserted, deleted and / or substituted amino acid is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7. In some embodiments, the insertion, deletion and / or substitution can be performed at framework (FR) regions, e.g., at FR1, FR2, FR3, and / or FR4.
[0128] In some embodiments, the substitution of one or more amino acid (s) can be conservative substitution of one or more amino acid (s) . Such conservative substitutions preferably are substitutions in which one amino acid within the following groups (a) - (e) is substituted by another amino acid residue within the same group: (a) small aliphatic, nonpolar or slightly polar residues: Ala, Ser, Thr, Pro and Gly; (b) polar, negatively charged residues and their (uncharged) amides: Asp, Asn, Glu and Gln; (c) polar, positively charged residues: His, Arg and Lys; (d) large aliphatic, nonpolar residues: Met, Leu, He, Val and Cys; and (e) aromatic residues: Phe, Tyr and Trp.
[0129] Particularly preferred conservative substitutions are as follows: Ala into Gly or into Ser; Arg into Lys; Asn into Gln or into His; Asp into Glu; Cys into Ser; Gln into Asn; Glu into Asp; Gly into Ala or into Pro; His into Asn or into Gln; Ile into Leu or into Val; Leu into Ile or into Val; Lys into Arg, into Gln or into Glu; Met into Leu, into Tyr or into Ile; Phe into Met, into Leu or into Tyr; Ser into Thr; Thr into Ser; Trp into Tyr; Tyr into Trp; and / or Phe into Val, into Ile or into Leu.
[0130] In an embodiment, the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34 ; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34; or the VL comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42 and the VH comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34.
[0131] Based on the amino acid sequence of heavy chain constant regions of the antibody, a immunoglobulin molecule can be divided into five classes (isotypes) : IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, and can be further divided into different subtypes, such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1, IgA2, etc. The light chain of the antibody can be classified as a lambda (λ) chain or a kappa (κ) chain, based on the amino acid sequence of the light chain. The antibodies disclosed herein can be of any classes or subtypes above.
[0132] In some embodiments, the antibody can be of an isotype selected from the group consisting of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and IgD. In some embodiments, the antibody can be of a subtype selected from the group consisting of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. In a preferred embodiment, the antibody is an IgG1 antibody.
[0133] The antibody disclosed herein can be an intact antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof. The antigen binding fragment can be any fragments of the antibody that retain the ability to specifically bind to CD200R1. Examples of antigen binding fragments include but are not limited to a Fab fragment; a F (ab') 2 fragment; a Fab'fragment; a Fd fragment; a Fd'fragment; a Fv fragment; a scFv fragment; a dAb fragment; an isolated complementarity determining region (CDR) ; a nanobody; a linear antibody comprising a pair of tandem Fd segments (VH-CH1-VH-CH1) , and a modified version of any of the foregoing fragments, which retains antigen binding activity.
[0134] In some embodiments, the antigen-binding fragment can be selected from the group consisting of Fab, Fab’ , F (ab') 2, Fd, Fd’ , Fv, scFv, ds-scFv, dAb, and sdAb.
[0135] In some embodiments, the antigen binding fragment can be selected from the group consisting of Fab, Fab’ , F (ab') 2, Fv, scFv, and ds-scFv. In a preferred embodiment, the antigen binding fragment is Fab or scFv.
[0136] In some embodiments, the antibody can be a monoclonal antibody.
[0137] In some embodiments, the antibody comprises a heavy chain (HC) and a light chain (LC) , and wherein:
[0138] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or
[0139] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or
[0140] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or
[0141] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or
[0142] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 43; or
[0143] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 60; or
[0144] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 61; or
[0145] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 62; or
[0146] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 63; or
[0147] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 64; or
[0148] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or
[0149] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or
[0150] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 65; or
[0151] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 66; or
[0152] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 67; or
[0153] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 58; or
[0154] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 59; or
[0155] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or
[0156] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or
[0157] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or
[0158] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; or
[0159] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or
[0160] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; or
[0161] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or
[0162] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or
[0163] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; or
[0164] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or
[0165] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or
[0166] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or
[0167] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; or
[0168] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or
[0169] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; or
[0170] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or
[0171] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or
[0172] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; or
[0173] the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 55.
[0174] In some embodiments, the light chain comprises a functional variant of the amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of formed by insertion, deletion and / or substitution of one or more amino acid (s) therein, provided that the functional variant retains the ability of binding to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 68, 70, 71, 72 and 74. In some embodiments, the heavy chain comprises a functional variant of the amino acid sequence as set forth in any one SEQ ID NOs: 43, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 and 67 formed by insertion, deletion and / or substitution of one or more amino acid (s) therein, provided that the functional variant retains the ability of binding to CD200R1.
[0175] For example, the functional variant of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 68, 70, 71, 72 and 74 comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 68, 70, 71, 72 and 74, respectively.
[0176] For example, the functional variant of any one SEQ ID NOs: 43, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 and 67 comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%sequence identity to any one SEQ ID NOs: 43, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 and 67 respectively.
[0177] In some embodiments, the number of the inserted, deleted and / or substituted amino acid is preferably no more than 40%of the total number of amino acids in the parent amino acid sequence, more preferably no more than 35%, more preferably 1-33%, and more preferably 5-30%, more preferably 10-25%, more preferably 15-20%. For example, the number of the inserted, deleted and / or substituted amino acid can be 1-50, preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-10, still more preferably 1-5. In a preferred embodiment, the number of the inserted, deleted and / or substituted amino acid is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.
[0178] In some embodiments, the insertion, deletion and / or substitution can be performed at framework (FR) regions, e.g., at FR1, FR2, FR3 and / or FR4; and / or constant regions, e.g., CL, CH1, CH2 and / or CH3.
[0179] In some embodiments, the substitution of one or more amino acid (s) can be conservative substitution of one or more amino acid (s) . Examples of conservative substitutions are as described above.
[0180] In an embodiment, the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 49; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 49; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 52; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 52; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 43; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 61; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 62; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 63; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 64; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 53; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 65; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 66; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 67; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 58; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 48; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 48; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 48; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 48; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 49; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 49; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 51; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 51; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 51; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 51; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 52; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 52; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 53; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 53; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 72 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 53; or the light chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and the heavy chain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 55.
[0181] In some embodiments, the antibody comprises an Fc region. In some embodiments, the Fc region may be of any isotype, including, but not limited to, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, and may comprise one or more mutations or modifications. In one embodiment, the Fc region is of IgG1 isotype or derived therefrom, optionally with one or more mutations or modifications. In one embodiment, the Fc region is human IgG1 Fc. In one embodiment, the Fc region is human IgG4 Fc.
[0182] In one embodiment, the Fc region is effector-function-deficient. For example, the Fc region may be of an IgG1 isotype, or a non-IgG1 type, e.g. IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4, which has been mutated such that the ability to mediate effector functions, such as ADCC, has been reduced or even eliminated. Such mutations have e.g. been described in Dall'A cqua WF et al., J Immunol. 177(2) : 1129-1138 (2006) and Hezareh M, J Virol. ; 75 (24) : 12161-12168 (2001) .
[0183] In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with L234A, L235A and G237A mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with M252Y, S254T, and T256E mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with the N434A mutation. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with M252Y, S254T, T256E and N434A mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with S267E and L328F mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with M252Y, S254T, T256E, S267E and L328F mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with S267E, L328F and N434A mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with M252Y, S254T, T256E, S267E, L328F and N434A mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG1 Fc with a human IgG2 hinge region and M252Y, S254T, T256E, S267E, L328F and N434A mutations. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type hIgG4 Fc with the S228P mutation. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type mouse IgG2A Fc. In some embodiments, the Fc region of the antibody comprises a wild type mouse IgG2A Fc with D265A and N297A mutations.
[0184] In some embodiments, the antibodies are variant antibodies derived from the parental antibody, which comprise the light chain comprising an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 43, where the variant antibodies are mutated at one or more post-translational modification sites compared to the parental antibody. In some embodiments, the variant antibodies have one or more mutations compared to the parental antibody, which are selected from D54E in the heavy chain, N92Q in the light chain, S93T in the light chain, S93A in the light chain, and G55A in the heavy chain. In some embodiments, the variant antibodies have G55A in the heavy chain and S93T in the light chain mutations compared to the parental antibody, which comprise the light chain comprising an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 43. In some embodiments, the variant antibodies have G55A in the heavy chain and S93A in the light chain mutations compared to the parental antibody, which comprise the light chain comprising an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68 and the heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 43.
[0185] In some embodiments, the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof can: 1) bind to human CD200R1a and human CD200R1d; bind to non-human primate CD200R1a and non-human primate CD200R1d; have agonistic effect on CD200 / CD200R1 signaling; and / or does not block the CD200-CD200R1 interaction .
[0186] In some embodiments, the antibody is a bispecific or a multi-specific antibody. In some embodiments, the antibody is a bispecific antibody which further comprises a second antigen binding region binding to a second antigen. In some embodiments, the second antigen can be an autoimmune antigen, which is associated with the autoimmune disease. In some embodiments, the second antigen binding region binds to CD200R1. In some embodiments, the second antigen binding region binds to the autoimmune antigen other than CD200R1.
[0187] In some embodiments, the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof is comprised in an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) . In the context of the present disclosure, a "conjugate" is an antibody or antibody fragment (such as an antigen-binding fragment) covalently linked to an effector molecule or a second protein (such as a second antibody) . The effector molecule can be, for example, a drug, toxin, therapeutic agent, detectable label, protein, nucleic acid, lipid, nanoparticle, carbohydrate or recombinant virus. An antibody conjugate is often referred to as an "immunoconjugate. " When the conjugate comprises an antibody linked to a drug (e.g., a cytotoxic agent) , the conjugate is often referred to as an "antibody-drug conjugate" or "ADC. " Other antibody conjugates include, for example, multi-specific (such as bispecific or trispecific) antibodies.
[0188] The anti-CD200R1 antibody of the invention is an antibody having a binding activity to human CD200R1 and Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1. The antibody can effectively enhances CD200-CD200R1 interaction, improves CD200-induced CD200R1 signaling pathway and inhibits immune responses; the antibody also shows no antagonistic activity, and therefore is a potential antibody molecule suitable for agonistic antibody development.
[0189] Nucleic acid
[0190] In the third aspect, provided is a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein.
[0191] The term “polynucleotide” or "nucleic acid" includes both single-stranded and double-stranded nucleotide polymers. The nucleotides comprising nucleic acid can be ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides or a modified form of either type of nucleotide. Said modifications include base modifications such as bromouridine and inosine derivatives, ribose modifications such as 2', 3'-dideoxyribose, and internucleotide linkage modifications such as phosphorothioate, phosphorodithioate, phosphoroselenoate, phosphorodiselenoate, phosphoroanilothioate, phoshoraniladate and phosphoroamidate.
[0192] For example, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein. The invention also provides nucleic acid molecules that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to nucleic acids encoding any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein.
[0193] For example, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein. The invention also provides nucleic acid molecules that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to nucleic acids encoding any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein.
[0194] For example, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding: (i) any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein and (ii) any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein. The invention also provides nucleic acid molecules that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to nucleic acids encoding: (i) any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein and (ii) any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein.
[0195] For example, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises the CDR sequences of any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein.
[0196] In some embodiments, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein. The invention also provides nucleic acid molecules that encode a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR sequences of any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein.
[0197] In some embodiments, provided are nucleic acid molecules that encode a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3, respectively, of any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein.
[0198] For example, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding a light chain variable region sequence that comprises the CDR sequences of any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein.
[0199] In some embodiments, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding a light chain variable region sequence that comprises any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein. The invention also provides nucleic acid molecules that encode a light chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR sequences of any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein.
[0200] In some embodiments, provided are nucleic acid molecules that encode a light chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3, respectively, of any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein.
[0201] For example, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding: (i) a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises the CDR sequences of any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein and (ii) a light chain variable region sequence that comprises the CDR sequences of any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein. In some embodiments, provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding (i) a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein and (ii) a light chain variable region sequence that comprises any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein. The invention also provides nucleic acid molecules that encode: (i) a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR sequences of any one of the heavy chain variable region sequences disclosed herein and (ii) a light chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR sequences of any one of the light chain variable region sequences disclosed herein. In some embodiments, provided are nucleic acid molecules that encode (i) a heavy chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3, respectively, of any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein and (ii) a light chain variable region sequence that comprises CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%or at least 99%identical to the CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3, respectively, of any one of the groups of three CDR sequences disclosed herein.
[0202] In some embodiments, the nucleic acid is ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) . In some embodiments, provided is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein. In some embodiments, provided is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) comprising a deoxynucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein.
[0203] Accordingly, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) comprising a deoxynucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein may be used for treating a disease. In some embodiments, the disease is an autoimmune disease. In some embodiments, the autoimmune disease is selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, asthma, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , multiple sclerosis (MS) , syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) , autoimmune thyroiditis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves'disease, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
[0204] In some embodiments, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) may be introduced into the cells of a human body in vivo. In some embodiments, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the invention is comprised in a vector or a delivering agent. In some embodiments, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the invention is integrated into the genome of a cell.
[0205] Accordingly, the ribonucleic acid (RNA) comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein may be used for treating a disease. In some embodiments, the disease is an autoimmune disease. In some embodiments, the autoimmune disease is selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, asthma, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , multiple sclerosis (MS) , syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) , autoimmune thyroiditis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves'disease, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
[0206] Vectors
[0207] In the fourth aspect, the invention further provides a vector, which comprises the nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein.
[0208] In some embodiments, the vector is a recombinant expression vector capable of expressing a polypeptide comprising a heavy or light chain variable region of an anti-CD200R1 antibody. For example, provided are recombinant expression vectors comprising any of the nucleic acid molecules mentioned above.
[0209] Any vector may be suitable for the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the vector is a viral vector. In some embodiments, the vector is a retroviral vector, a DNA vector, a murine leukemia virus vector, an SFG vector, a plasmid, a RNA vector, an adenoviral vector, a baculoviral vector, an Epstein Barr viral vector, a papovaviral vector, a vaccinia viral vector, a herpes simplex viral vector, an adenovirus associated vector (AAV) , a lentiviral vector, or any combination thereof. Suitable exemplary vectors include e.g., pGAR, pBABE-puro, pBABE-neo largeTcDNA, pBABE-hygro-hTERT, pMKO. 1 GFP, MSCV-IRES-GFP, pMSCV PIG (Puro IRES GFP empty plasmid) , pMSCV-loxp-dsRed-loxp-eGFP-Puro-WPRE, MSCV IRES Luciferase, pMIG, MDH1-PGK-GFP_2.0, TtRMPVIR, pMSCV-IRES-mCherry FP, pRetroX GFP T2A Cre, pRXTN, pLncEXP, and pLXIN-Luc.
[0210] A recombinant expression vector may be any suitable recombinant expression vector. Suitable vectors comprise those designed for propagation and expansion or for expression or both, such as plasmids and viruses. For example, a vector may be selected from the pUC series (Fermentas Life Sciences, Glen Burnie, Md. ) , the pBluescript series (Stratagene, LaJolla, Calif. ) , the pET series (Novagen, Madison, Wis. ) , the pGEX series (Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden) , and the pEX series (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif. ) . Bacteriophage vectors, such as λGT10, λGT11, λZapII (Stratagene) , λEMBL4, and λNM1149, also may be used. Examples of plant expression vectors useful in the context of the disclosure comprise pBI01, pBI101.2, pBI101.3, pBI121 and pBIN19 (Clontech) . Examples of animal expression vectors useful in the context of the disclosure comprise pcDNA, pEUK-Cl, pMAM, and pMAMneo (Clontech) .
[0211] Recombinant expression vectors may be prepared using standard recombinant DNA techniques described in, for example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. 2001; and Ausubel et al., Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Greene Publishing Associates and John Wiley &Sons, NY, 1994. Constructs of expression vectors, which are circular or linear, may be prepared to contain a replication system functional in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell. Replication systems may be derived, e.g., from ColEl, 2μ plasmid, λ, SV40, bovine papilloma virus, and the like. Accordingly, the vector may be used for treating a disease. In some embodiments, the disease is an autoimmune disease. In some embodiments, the autoimmune disease is selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, asthma, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , multiple sclerosis (MS) , syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) , autoimmune thyroiditis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves'disease, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
[0212] The vector of the invention may be introduced into a cell. In some embodiments, the vector of the invention may be introduced into a cell in vitro or ex vivo. Optionally, the cell introduced with the vector may subsequently be administered into the body of a subject. In some embodiments, the vector of the invention may be introduced into a cell in vivo.
[0213] For example, the vector may be an adenoviral vector comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein. The vector may be administered into the body of a subject, and then enter into a cell of the subject in vivo, thereby the nucleotide sequence encoding the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein is integrated into the genome of the cell, and subsequently the cell expresses the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein so as to treat the diseases disclosed herein.
[0214] Host Cells
[0215] In the fifth aspect, the invention further provides a host cell comprising the nucleic acid disclosed herein or the vector disclosed herein.
[0216] Any cell may be used as a host cell for the nucleic acids or the vectors of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the cell can be a prokaryotic cell, fungal cell, yeast cell, or higher eukaryotic cells such as a mammalian cell. Suitable prokaryotic cells include, without limitation, eubacteria, such as Gram-negative or Gram-positive organisms, for example, Enterobactehaceae such as Escherichia, e.g., E. coli; Enterobacter; Erwinia; Klebsiella; Proteus; Salmonella, e.g., Salmonella typhimurium; Serratia, e.g., Serratia marcescans, and Shigella; Bacilli such as B. subtilis and B. licheniformis; Pseudomonas such as P. aeruginosa; and Streptomyces. In some embodiments, the cell is a human cell. In some embodiments, the cell is an immune cell. In some embodiments, host cells include, for example, CHO cells, such as CHOS cells and CHO-K1 cells, or HEK293 cells, such as HEK293A, HEK293T and HEK293FS.
[0217] The host cell of the invention is prepared by introducing the vector disclosed herein or the nucleic acid disclosed herein in vitro or ex vivo. The host cell of the invention may be administered into the body of a subject, and the host cell expresses the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof disclosed herein in vivo so as to treat the diseases disclosed herein.
[0218] Also provided is a method of producing the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof disclosed herein, comprising: culturing the host cell of the present disclosure under suitable conditions to allow the expression of the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof, and optionally isolating the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof from the host cell or the culture medium.
[0219] Pharmaceutical compositions
[0220] In the sixth aspect, provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising (i) the antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof of the first aspect and second aspect of the invention, or the nucleic acid of the third aspect of the invention, or the vector of the fourth aspect of the invention, or the host cell of the fifth aspect of the invention; and optionally (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
[0221] Provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibody of the invention. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” includes any and all solvents, buffers, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like that are physiologically compatible. Preferably, the carrier is suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, parenteral, spinal or epidermal administration (e.g. by injection or infusion) . For example, in some embodiments, a composition for intravenous administration typically is a solution in sterile isotonic aqueous buffer.
[0222] The antibodies or agents of the invention (also referred to herein as “active compounds” ) , and derivatives, fragments, analogues and homologs thereof, can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions suitable for administration. Such compositions typically comprise the antibody or agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” is intended to include any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like, compatible with pharmaceutical administration. Suitable carriers are described in the most recent edition of Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, a standard reference text in the field, which is incorporated herein by reference. Preferred examples of such carriers or diluents include, but are not limited to, water, saline, ringer's solutions, dextrose solution, and 5%human serum albumin. Liposomes and non-aqueous vehicles such as fixed oils may also be used. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active compound, use thereof in the compositions is contemplated. Supplementary active compounds can also be incorporated into the compositions.
[0223] A pharmaceutical composition of the invention is formulated to be compatible with its intended route of administration. Examples of routes of administration include parenteral, e.g., intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, oral (e.g., inhalation) , transdermal (i.e., topical) , transmucosal, and rectal administration. Solutions or suspensions used for parenteral, intradermal, or subcutaneous application can include the following components: a sterile diluent such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerine, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) ; buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates, and agents for the adjustment of tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose. The pH can be adjusted with acids or bases, such as hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide. The parenteral preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic.
[0224] Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions (where water soluble) or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion. For intravenous administration, suitable carriers include physiological saline, bacteriostatic water, Cremophor ELTM (BASF, Parsippany, N.J. ) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) . In all cases, the composition must be sterile and should be fluid to the extent that easy syringeability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like) , and suitable mixtures thereof. The proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants. Prevention of the action of microorganisms can be achieved by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, ascorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like. In many cases, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as manitol, sorbitol, sodium chloride in the composition. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by including in the composition an agent which delays absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
[0225] Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by incorporating the active compound in the required amount in an appropriate solvent with one or a combination of ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization. Generally, dispersions are prepared by incorporating the active compound into a sterile vehicle that contains a basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above. In the case of sterile powders for the preparation of sterile injectable solutions, methods of preparation are vacuum drying and freeze-drying that yields a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.
[0226] Oral compositions generally include an inert diluent or an edible carrier. They can be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressed into tablets. For the purpose of oral therapeutic administration, the active compound can be incorporated with excipients and used in the form of tablets, troches, or capsules. Oral compositions can also be prepared using a fluid carrier for use as a mouthwash, wherein the compound in the fluid carrier is applied orally and swished and expectorated or swallowed. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents, and / or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the composition. The tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like can contain any of the following ingredients, or compounds of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotes; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring.
[0227] For administration by inhalation, the compounds are delivered in the form of an aerosol spray from pressured container or dispenser which contains a suitable propellant, e.g., a gas such as carbon dioxide, or a nebulizer.
[0228] Systemic administration can also be by transmucosal or transdermal means. For transmucosal or transdermal administration, penetrants appropriate to the barrier to be permeated are used in the formulation. Such penetrants are generally known in the art, and include, for example, for transmucosal administration, detergents, bile salts, and fusidic acid derivatives. Transmucosal administration can be accomplished through the use of nasal sprays or suppositories. For transdermal administration, the active compounds are formulated into ointments, salves, gels, or creams as generally known in the art.
[0229] The compounds can also be prepared in the form of suppositories (e.g., with conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter and other glycerides) or retention enemas for rectal delivery.
[0230] In one embodiment, the active compounds are prepared with carriers that will protect the compound against rapid elimination from the body, such as a controlled release formulation, including implants and microencapsulated delivery systems. Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and polylactic acid. Methods for preparation of such formulations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The materials can also be obtained commercially from Alza Corporation and Nova Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Liposomal suspensions (including liposomes targeted to infected cells with monoclonal antibodies to viral antigens) can also be used as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. These can be prepared according to methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, as described in U. S. Pat. No. 4, 522, 811.
[0231] It is especially advantageous to formulate oral or parenteral compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used herein refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subject to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. The specification for the dosage unit forms of the invention are dictated by and directly dependent on the unique characteristics of the active compound and the particular therapeutic effect to be achieved, and the limitations inherent in the art of compounding such an active compound for the treatment of individuals.
[0232] The pharmaceutical compositions can be included in a container, pack, or dispenser together with instructions for administration.
[0233] Provided are therapeutic compositions comprising the anti-CD200R1 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present invention. Therapeutic compositions in accordance with the invention will be administered with suitable carriers, excipients, and other agents that are incorporated into formulations to provide improved transfer, delivery, tolerance, and the like. A multitude of appropriate formulations can be found in the formulary known to all pharmaceutical chemists: Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA. These formulations include, for example, powders, pastes, ointments, jellies, waxes, oils, lipids, lipid (cationic or anionic) containing vesicles (such as LIPOFECTINTM) , DNA conjugates, anhydrous absorption pastes, oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, emulsions carbowax (polyethylene glycols of various molecular weights) , semi-solid gels, and semi-solid mixtures containing carbowax. See also Powell et al. "Compendium of excipients for parenteral formulations" PDA (1998) J Pharm Sci Technol 52: 238-311.
[0234] Kits
[0235] Also provided is a kit comprising the anti-CD200R1 antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof, the nucleic acid, the vector, the host cell or the pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein, and optionally instructions for use thereof. The kit may be used for treatment or diagnosis purposes.
[0236] The kit may further comprise a suitable container. In some embodiments, the kit further comprises a device for administration. Typically, a kit may further comprise a label, which indicates the intended use and / or method of use of the contents in the container. The term “label” includes any written or documented material provided on or with the kit or otherwise provided with the kit.
[0237] Therapeutic Methods
[0238] In the seventh aspect, provided is a method of treating an autoimmune disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof, the nucleic acid, the vector, the host cell, or the pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
[0239] In the eighth aspect, provided is use of the antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof, the nucleic acid, the vector, the host cell, or the pharmaceutical composition of the invention in the manufacture of a medicament for treating an autoimmune disease in a subject.
[0240] In the ninth aspect, provided is the antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof, the nucleic acid, the vector, the host cell, or the pharmaceutical composition of the invention for use in the treatment of an autoimmune disease in a subject.
[0241] In some embodiments, the said autoimmune disease includes, but is not limited to, inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, asthma, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , multiple sclerosis (MS) , syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) , autoimmune thyroiditis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
[0242] The antibodies provide herein can be administered to attenuate the autoimmune disease. In these applications, a therapeutically effective amount of a composition is administered to a subject in an amount sufficient to inhibit the functions of T cells, myeloid cells, and NK cells. Suitable subjects may include those diagnosed with an autoimmune disease.
[0243] Provided herein is a method of treating an autoimmune disease in a subject by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody described herein. Also provided herein is a method of enhancing CD200-induced CD200R1 signaling, thereby inhibiting the functions of T cells, myeloid cells, and NK cell in a subject by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody described herein.
[0244] Administration of an antibody disclosed herein can also be accompanied by administration of other anti-autoimmune disease agents or therapeutic treatments. Any suitable anti-autoimmune disease agents can be administered in combination with the antibodies disclosed herein. Exemplary anti-autoimmune disease agents and therapeutic treatments include the synthetic or biologic drugs that block various pathways and components of the immune system, such as cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and co-stimulatory molecules, or delete entire immune cell populations (Cell. 2020 Apr 2; 181 (1) : 63-80) .
[0245] Examples
[0246] The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention. Experimental procedures without specified conditions in the following examples are performed in accordance with conventional procedures and conditions, or in accordance with instructions.
[0247] Example 1. Generation of anti-CD200R1 antibody molecules
[0248] 1.1 Immunization of mice
[0249] The Harbour H2L2 mice (obtained from Harbour Antibodies BV) are transgenic mice that carry human immunoglobulin immune repertoire, and the antibody generated by the transgenic mice has fully human sequences. The Harbour H2L2 mice were immunized in multiple rounds with soluble recombinant human CD200R1 isoform a (CD200R1a, sequence is published in NCBI database with accession number NP_620161.1) fusion protein with human Fc tag as antigen. The antigenic protein was mixed with an immunoadjuvant to form an immunogenic reagent, which was then injected subcutaneously via the groin or intraperitoneally.
[0250] In each round of immunization, each mouse received a total injection dose of 100 μL. In the first round of immunization, each mouse received the immunization with an immunogenic reagent prepared by mixing 50 μg of the antigenic protein with complete Freund's adjuvant (Sigma, #F5881) in a 1: 1 volume ratio. In each subsequent round of booster immunization, each mouse received an immunization with an immunogenic reagent prepared by mixing 25 μg of the antigenic protein with Sigma Adjuvant System adjuvant (Sigma, #S6322) . In general, there were 6–7 rounds of booster immunizations. The immunization was performed at Days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84 and 98; and the antibody titers in serum of mice were measured at Days 49 and 77. Five days after the last round of booster immunization, splenic B cells were isolated from the Harbour H2L2 mouse.
[0251] 1.2 Serum titer assay
[0252] At the above specific time points (at Days 49 and 77) , the serum of mice was collected, and the titer of antibody binding to CD200R1 in the serum was determined by the FACS method.
[0253] The cDNA encoding human CD200R1 isoform a (hCD200R1a) (NP_620161.1) or isoform d (hCD200R1d) (NP_740750.1) was obtained by gene synthesis and cloned into a lentiviral vector pGWLV11 (AZENTA Life sciences) . The lentiviral particles were generated, then transfected CHO-K1 cells to generate CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d cells that highly express human CD200R1 isoform a or isoform d respectively (AZENTA Life sciences) .
[0254] The serially diluted mouse serum was incubated with CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a cells at 4 ℃ for 1 h; after the cells were washed twice, a secondary anti-rat IgG (H + L) (Life technologies, A11006) was added and incubated at 4 ℃ for 1 h, and then the resulting cells were washed twice, resuspended, and detected by a flow cytometer (BD, CantoII) . CHO-K1 cells served as background controls. Immunized mice having high serum titer of anti-CD200R1 were selected.
[0255] 1.3 Screening of anti-CD200R1 antibodies by hybridoma technology
[0256] The cDNA encoding Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1a (cynoCD200R1a) (NP_001305106.1) was obtained by gene synthesis and cloned into a lentiviral vector pGWLV11 (AZENTA Life sciences) . The lentiviral particles were generated, then transfected CHO-K1 cells to generate CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1a cells that highly expressed Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1 isoform a (AZENTA Life sciences) .
[0257] The cDNA encoding Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1d (cynoCD200R1d) (XM_015446427.1) was obtained by gene synthesis and cloned into a lentiviral vector pLenti-C-Myc-DDK-P2A-Puro (Origene) . The lentiviral particles were generated, then transfected CHO-K1 cells to generate CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d cells that highly expressed Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1 isoform d (Origene) .
[0258] The selected immunized mice having high serum titer of anti-CD200R1 were applied for the last round of immunization and then sacrificed. Splenocytes and SP2 / 0 myeloma cells (ATCC, CRL-1581) were electrofused at a cell ratio of 4: 1 with the electrofusion parameters shown as follows: V1: 50V, t1: 15 s, V2: 600 V, t2: 20 μs, t3: 0.5 s, n: 1, t4: 7 s, V+ / -: +, and fade: on. The cells were resuspended in DMEM medium containing 20%FBS and HT, and plated in 1×105 cells / 100 μL / well. After 24 h, DMEM containing 20%FBS and 2× HT was added in 100 μL / well for further culturing. The supernatant was subsequently collected and detected for the antibody titer. In general, 9-15 days after the fusion, supernatant of hybridoma derived from Splenocytes of mice immunized with the recombinant human CD200R1-his protein is collected and primarily screened by ELISA, and detected for the binding to the recombinant human CD200R1-his protein (Sino Biological, Cat: 11218-H08H) . The positive clones are then further confirmed by FACS, and detected for the binding ability to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1a.
[0259] In addition, the blocking effect of clones on the binding of human CD200 to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a was detected by the FACS method. Clones with non-blocking effect were further subcloned by the limiting dilution method, and further screened by ELISA and FACS. Non-blocker clones with significant binding to human and cyno CD200R1a were selected for sequencing.
[0260] In this example, the sequences of the variable domains of the anti-CD200R1 monoclonal antibody molecules obtained from immunized Harbour H2L2 mice were human antibody sequences.
[0261] 1.4 Preparation and purification of fully human recombinant IgG1 antibodies
[0262] After obtaining the sequences encoding the light and heavy chain variable region of each screened antibody molecule, the nucleic acid sequences encoding the light and heavy chain variable region of each antibody molecule were fused with the nucleic acid sequences encoding the light and heavy chain constant domains of the human antibody and expressed by recombinant DNA techniques to obtain recombinant antibody molecules.
[0263] Specifically, the nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region (VH) of the antibody was genetically synthesized and cloned into a mammalian cell expression plasmid vector (pTT5 mammalian expression vector) comprising the nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain constant domain of the human IgG1 antibody so as to encode a full-length heavy chain. The nucleic acid sequence encoding the light chain variable domain (VL) of the antibody was genetically synthesized and cloned into a mammalian cell expression plasmid vector (pTT5 mammalian expression vector) comprising the nucleic acid sequence encoding the light chain constant region of the human Igκ antibody so as to encode a full-length light chain.
[0264] The plasmid encoding the heavy chain of the antibody and the plasmid encoding the light chain of the antibody were simultaneously transfected into human embryonic kidney cell HEK293, and a purified recombinant anti-CD200R1 antibody with light and heavy chain correctly assembled in pairs can be obtained by the conventional recombinant protein expression and purification techniques.
[0265] Specifically, HEK293 cells were expanded in FreeStyleTM F17 Expression Medium (Thermo, #A1383504) . Before the transient transfection, the cells were adjusted to a concentration of 6–8×105 cells / mL, and cultured in a shaker at 37 ℃ with 8%CO2 for 24 h to a concentration of about 1.2×106 cells / mL. 30 mL of cultured cells were taken. The plasmid comprising the nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain of the antibody and the plasmid comprising the nucleic acid sequence encoding the light chain of the antibody described above were mixed in a ratio of 2: 3, with a total of 30 μg of plasmids dissolved in 1.5 mL of Opti-MEM reduced serum medium (Thermo, 31985088) , and the medium was filtered through a 0.22 μm filter for sterilization. Then, 1.5 mL of Opti-MEM was mixed with 120 μL of 1 mg / mL PEI (Polysciences, Inc. #23966-2) , and left to stand for 5 min. PEI was slowly added to the plasmid, and incubated at room temperature for 10 min. The mixed solution of plasmid and PEI was slowly dropped into the culture flask while shaking, and cultured in a shaker at 37 ℃ with 8%CO2 for 5 days. Cell viability was measured after 5 days. The culture was collected and centrifuged at 3300g for 10 min, and then the supernatant was collected and centrifuged at high speed to remove impurities. A gravity column (Bio-Rad, #7311550) containing MabSelectTM (GE Healthcare Life Science, #71-5020-91 AE) was equilibrated with PBS (pH 7.4) and rinsed with 2–5 column volumes of PBS. The column was loaded with the supernatant sample, and rinsed with 5–10 column volumes of PBS, followed by 0.1 M glycine at pH 3.5 to elute the target protein. The eluate was adjusted to neutrality with Tris-HCl at pH 8.0, and concentrated and buffer exchanged into PBS buffer with an ultrafiltration tube (Millipore, UFC901024) to obtain a purified solution of anti-CD200R1 antibody. Finally, the purified solution was determined for concentration by using NanoDrop (Thermo ScientificTM NanoDropTM One) , and then subpackaged and stored for later use.
[0266] 1.5 Sequences of fully human recombinant anti-CD200R1 antibodies
[0267] After screening and sequencing, the amino acid sequences of the light and heavy chain variable regions, the light chain, the heavy chain and the CDRs defined according to the Chothia scheme of the CD200R1 antibodies (such as PR005442) in the present application are listed in Table 1. The reference antibody PR006207 used in the various examples of the present application was the corresponding recombinant antibody of I-4P. The sequences of I-4P were derived from Patent Application No. WO2020055943A1. The heavy chain sequence and the light chain sequence of PR006207 were set forth in SEQ ID NO: 45 and SEQ ID NO: 69, respectively.
[0268] Table 1. Sequence numbering of anti-CD200R1 antibodies
[0269] Example 2. Detection of the binding of anti-CD200R1 antibodies to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d, CHO-K1 / cyno CD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d by FACS
[0270] This example is intended to investigate the in vitro binding activity of human anti-CD200R1 monoclonal antibodies to human / Cynomolgus macaques CD200R1a and CD200R1d expressed on the surface of cells. The anti-CD200R1 antibodies were produced as described in Example 1.4 and the binding experiments at the cell level were performed using CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d, CHO-K1 / cyno CD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d.
[0271] Briefly, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d, CHO-K1 / cyno CD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d cells were digested, and collected, and then were resuspended in PBS containing 2%BSA, respectively. The cell density was adjusted to 1×106 cells / mL. The cells were seeded in a 96-well V-bottom plate (Corning, #3894) at 100 μL / well, followed by the addition of test antibodies and reference antibodies in a series diluted concentration, each at 100 μL / well. The cells were incubated away from light at 4 ℃ for 1 h. Thereafter, the cells in each well were rinsed twice with 100 μL of pre-cooled PBS containing 2%BSA, and centrifuged at 500 g at 4 ℃ for 5 min, and then the supernatant was discarded. 100 μL of fluorescent secondary antibody (Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Human IgG, Fcγ Fragment Specific, Jackson, #109-545-098, diluted in a 1: 1000 ratio) was added in each well, and the plate was incubated away from light at 4 ℃ for 1 h. The cells in each well were rinsed twice with 100 μL of pre-cooled PBS containing 2%BSA, and centrifuged at 500 g at 4 ℃ for 5 min, and then the supernatant was discarded. Finally, the cells in each well were resuspended in 200 μL of pre-cooled PBS containing 2%BSA, and the fluorescence signal values were read using a BD CantoII flow cytometer.
[0272] The results of the binding of the antibodies to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d are shown in Figure 1 and Table 2. The anti-CD200R1 antibody PR005442 has stronger binding activity to both human CD200R1a and human CD200R1d expressed on the surface of the CHO-K1 cell line in vitro, as compared to the reference antibody PR006207.
[0273] The results of the binding of the antibodies to CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d are shown in Figure 2 and Table 3. The anti-CD200R1 antibody PR005442 shows stronger cross-binding activity to cynomolgus macaques CD200R1a and CD200R1d expressed on the surface of the CHO-K1 cell line in vitro, as compared to the reference antibody PR006207.
[0274] Table 2. The binding of the antibodies to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d n.d.: not determined.
[0275] Table 3. The binding of the antibodies to CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d
[0276] Example 3. Evaluation of the blocking effect of anti-CD200R1 antibodies on the binding of human CD200 protein to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d
[0277] To study the activity of human anti-CD200R1 antibodies in blocking the binding of human CD200 to its receptor CD200R1a and CD200R1d in vitro, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d was used to perform cell-level human CD200 / human CD200R1a and CD200 / human CD200R1d binding and blocking experiments, respectively.
[0278] In brief, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a or CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d cells were digested and resuspended in 2%BSA in PBS. The cell density was adjusted to 1×106 cells / mL, and the cells were inoculated on a 96-well V-bottom plate (Corning, Cat#: 3894) in 100 μL cells / well, followed by the addition of test antibodies and reference antibodies in a series diluted concentration, each at 100 μL / well, and hIgG1 was used as a control. The cells were placed at 4℃ and incubated for 1 hour in the dark. After that, centrifugation was performed at 4℃ for 5 minutes, the supernatant was discarded, and then 1 μg / mL biotin-labeled human CD200 protein (Acro Biosystems, B77-H82F5) was added at 50 μL / well, and incubation was performed at 4℃ in the dark for 30 minutes. 100 μL / well of pre-cooled PBS containing 2%BSA was added to rinse the cells twice, centrifugation was performed at 500 g, 4℃ for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded. Fluorescent secondary antibody (PE Streptavidin, BD, Cat#: 554061, 1: 200) was added at 100 μL / well, and incubation was performed at 4℃ for 30 minutes in the dark. The cells were washed twice with 200 μL / well of pre-cooled PBS, and were centrifuged at 500 g, 4 ℃ for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded. Finally, 200 μL / well of pre-cooled PBS was used to resuspend the cells, and the fluorescence signal values were read using ACEA Novocyte 3000 flow cytometer. IC50 values were calculated.
[0279] The results are shown in Figure 3 and Table 4, PR005442 also shows little or no blocking effect compared with the reference antibody PR006207, indicating PR005442 could be a non-blocker. Table 4. The blocking effect of anti-CD200R1 antibodies on the binding of human CD200 protein to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a and CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d n.d.: not determined.
[0280] Example 4. Evaluation of the CD200R1a signaling by anti-CD200R1 antibodies The Jurkat CD200R1a signaling cell line expressing CD200R1 (Accession Number: NM_138806.3) on the surface of the cell was purchased from Eurofins DiscoverX Products LLC (Cat No. 93-1136C19) , which can measure CD200R signal by recruitment of SH2 domain protein to the activated receptor. Upon activation of the receptor by its ligand or an agonist antibody, recruitment of SH2 domain protein to the phosphorylated receptor tail leads to production of enzyme fragment complementation (EFC) signal. The binding of anti-CD200R1 to CD200R1 expressed on the reporter cells ( Jurkat CD200R1 signaling cells) leads to assembly of β-galactosidase and a subsequent luminescent readout. CD200R1a interaction with anti-CD200R1 antibodies will produce the luminescent signal. Specifically, 6.7μg / ml anti-human Fc mouse secondary antibody (Sigma, #I21136) at 60 μl / well was coated into ViewPlate 96-well plate (PerkinElmer, Cat#6005181) , which was incubated at 4 ℃ overnight. Next day, the plate was washed three times. Jurkat CD200R1 signaling cells were collected and resuspended at 1 ×106 cells / ml, then 50 μl of the cells were inoculated into 96-well plate. Anti-CD200R1 antibodies (the antibody of the invention PR005442, and the reference antibody PR006207, as well as the control antibody IgG1 PR000325) were serially diluted and added into the plate at 50 μl / well, respectively. Then, the plate was incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. After incubation, Flash Detection Kit reagent was added and incubated for additional 30 min. Luminescence was measured on Envision plate reader (PerkinElmer, Model 2105) .
[0281] The results are shown in Figure 4 and Table 5. PR005442 and the reference anti-CD200R1 antibody PR006207 showed higher top value compared with human IgG1 isotype, indicating these two antibodies could be CD200R1 agonist antibodies. Meanwhile, the antibody PR005442 also shows comparable efficiency as compared to the antibody PR006207, while also showing higher top value than PR006207, indicating it activates the signaling pathway with stronger activity.
[0282] Table 5. Evaluation of the CD200R1a signaling by anti-CD200R1 antibodies
[0283] Example 5. Maturation of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies PR006207 and PR005442 5.1 Mutation in the Fc region
[0284] The nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region (VH) of the antibody was genetically synthesized and cloned into pTT5 mammalian cell expression vector comprising the nucleic acid sequence encoding the heavy chain constant domain of human IgG1 antibody, with or without mutations introduced to Fc regions to alter the related effector functions, for example, L234A, L235A and G237A mutations (substitution of leucine with alanine at positions 234 and 235 and substitution of glycine with alanine at position 237 according to EU numbering) were introduced in the CH2 region of the heavy chain constant region of the IgG1 to eliminate the ADCC effector function. The plasmid encoding the heavy chain and the plasmid encoding the light chain of the antibody, respectively, were then transfected into CHO-K1 or HEK 293 mammalian host cell lines by the method described in Example 1.4 to obtain the recombinant antibody protein.
[0285] The antibody sequences of Abs variants with Fc mutation derived from PR006207 and PR005442 respectively are listed in Table 6.
[0286] Table 6. Antibodies obtained by Fc mutation of PR006207 and PR005442
[0287] Abbreviation: hIgG1: human IgG1; hIgG4: human IgG4; AAG: L234A, L235A, P329G; FALA: F234A, L235A; YTE: M252Y, S254T, T256E; SELF: S267E, L328F; G2 Hinge: human IgG2 hinge region; mIgG2A: mouse IgG2a; DANA: D265A, N297A.
[0288] 5.2 Sequence analysis and sequence optimization of antibodies
[0289] In this example, amino acid mutations were introduced into the potential post-translational modification (PTM) sites in the sequences of the antibody PR005442 to obtain the new antibody molecules (referred to as PTM variants) . The amino acid sequences of the light and heavy chain variable domains, the light chain, the heavy chain (human IgG1) and the CDRs defined according to the Chothia scheme of the PTM variants in this example are listed in Table 7. All designed PTM variants were purified by the method described in Example 1.4 to obtain the purified recombinant antibodies, and further validated in subsequent functional experiments.
[0290] Table 7. PTM variants derived from PR005442
[0291] Abbreviation: hIgG1: human IgG1; YTE: M252Y, S254T, T256E; SELF: S267E, L328F.
[0292] Example 6. Evaluation of the CD200R1a signaling by anti-CD200R1 antibodies
[0293] The methods for determining the effect on CD200R1a signaling of antibodies obtained by Fc mutation of PR005442 by coated anti-human Fc mouse secondary antibody (Sigma, #I21136) are similar to those in Example 4.
[0294] Engineering of the IgG1 Fc region for enhanced and / or specific binding to FcγRIIb can greatly improve agonistic function (J Immunol 2003; 171: 562–568; J Immunol 2011; 187: 1754–1763; Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2014; 382: 355–372. ) . The S267E / L328F (SELF) modifications that dramatically and selectively increase affinity for FcγRIIb have also been used to enhance immune agonism in an anti-OX40 model (J Biol Chem 2016; 291: 27134–27146. ) . So CHO-K1 / CD32b cells (Genscript, #M00587) were also used in this detection assay. Specifically, 20K / well CHO-K1 / CD32b at 45μl / well was plated into ViewPlate 96-well plate (PerkinElmer, Cat#6005181) , which was incubated at 37℃ 5%CO2 incubator overnight. Next day, the supernatants were discarded from the plates, Jurkat CD200R1 signaling cells were collected and resuspended at 1 ×106 cells / ml, then 45 μl of the cells were inoculated into 96-well plate. Anti-CD200R1 antibodies were serially diluted and added into the plate at 10 μl / well respectively. Then, the plate was incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. After incubation, Flash Detection Kit reagent was added and incubated for additional 30 min. Luminescence was measured on Envision plate reader (PerkinElmer, Model 2105) .
[0295] The results are shown in Figures 5A-5B and Tables 8.1 and 8.2.
[0296] In Figure 5A and Table 8.1, based on EC50 and top value plus Fc mutation, antibodies PR200985, PR200986 and PR200987 show superior potency as compared to the parental Ab PR005442 and the reference Ab PR006207, indicating Abs with Fc mutation by YTE / SELF or SELF / N434A or YTE / SELF / N434A are more potent than Abs with Fc mutation by AAG or YTE alone or N434A alone.
[0297] In Figure 5B and Table 8.2, based on EC50 and top values plus Fc mutation, the antibodies PR200985, PR200986 and PR200987 show comparable efficiency compared with the reference Ab PR006208 while they also showed higher Top value than PR006208, indicating PR200985, PR200986 and PR200987 are more potent than the reference Abs PR006206 and PR006208. Table 8.1. The effect of the antibodies obtained by Fc mutation of PR005442 on CD200R1a signaling n.d.: not determined.
[0298] Table 8.2. The effect of the antibodies obtained by Fc mutation of PR005442 on CD200R1a signaling n.d.: not determined.
[0299] Example 7. Measurements of the binding affinity of the PTM variants derived from PR005442 to CD200R1+ cells
[0300] The methods for determining binding affinities of the PTM variants derived from PR005442 to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d, CHO-K1 / cyno CD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d are similar to those in Example 2. The data of binding affinity of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d, CHO-K1 / cyno CD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d are summarized in Table 9.1 and Table 9.2.
[0301] The results indicate that PR0014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 have higher binding activity to CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a, CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d, CHO-K1 / cyno CD200R1a and CHO-K1 / cynoCD200R1d than the reference Ab PR006208 (Figure 6A and 6B) .
[0302] Table 9.1. Binding Activity of Variants derived from PR005442
[0303] Table 9.2. Binding Activity of Variants derived from PR005442
[0304] Example 8. FACS assays for binding ability of anti-CD200R1 antibody variants derived from PR005442 at primary cell level
[0305] This example is intended to investigate the in vitro binding activity of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies to activated human primary T cells. Human CD3+ T cells were isolated from cryopreserved human PBMCs using a human CD3 isolation kit (Miltenyi, #130-096-535) , and resuspended to 2×106 / mL in medium RPMI1640 + 10%FBS + 1%sodium pyruvate (Thermo, #11360-070) + 1%non-essential amino acid solution (Thermo, #11140-050) . 1 mL of the cell suspension was added to a 6-well plate, and 1 mL of medium containing 20 ng / mL PMA (Sigma, #P1585-1MG) and 5 nM Ionomycin (Sigma, #407952-5MG) was added. The plate was incubated in an incubator at 37 ℃ with CO2 for 16 h.
[0306] The activated human T cells were adjusted to a density of 1×106 cells / mL with PBS containing 2%FBS and seeded at 100 μL CD3+ T cells / well in a 96-well V-bottom plate (Corning #3894) , followed by the addition of diluted test antibodies with a concentration that was twice the final concentration at 100 μL / well. The cells were incubated away from light at 4 ℃ for 2 h. Thereafter, the cells in each well were rinsed twice with 100 μL of pre-cooled PBS containing 2%FBS, and centrifuged at 500 g at 4 ℃ for 5 min, and then the supernatants were discarded. Then 100 μL of a fluorescent secondary antibody (Alexa 647, Goat Anti-Human IgG, Fcγ fragment specific, Jackson ImmunoResearch, #109-605-098, 1: 1000 diluted) was added to each well. The plate was incubated away from light at 4 ℃ for 1 h. The cells in each well were rinsed twice with 100 μL of pre-cooled PBS containing 2%FBS, and centrifuged at 500 g at 4 ℃ for 5 min, and then the supernatants were discarded. Finally, the cells in each well were resuspended in 100 μL of pre-cooled PBS containing 2%FBS, and the fluorescence signal values were read using a flow cytometer.
[0307] As shown in Figure 7 and Table 10, the CD200R1 antibodies PR0014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 can bind to the activated human CD3+ T cells and show superior binding activity than the reference Ab PR006208.
[0308] Table 10. Binding ability of anti-CD200R1 antibody variants derived from PR005442 at Primary Cell Level
[0309] Example 9. Evaluation of the CD200R1a signaling by anti-CD200R1 antibody variants derived from PR005442
[0310] The Jurkat CD200R1a reporter cells were used to explore the agonistic activity of anti-CD200R1 antibodies as described in Example 6. The results are shown in Figure 8 and Table 11.
[0311] As shown in Figure 8 and Table 11, the CD200R1 antibodies PR0014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 show less potency than the reference Ab PR006208, while they show higher top value.
[0312] Table 11. The effect of anti-CD200R1 antibody variants derived from PR005442 on CD200R1a signaling
[0313] Example 10. Evaluation of the blocking effect of anti-CD200R1 antibodies on the binding of human CD200 protein to hCD200R1a protein
[0314] To study the activity of human anti-CD200R1 antibodies in blocking the binding of human CD200 to its receptor CD200R1a in vitro, hCD200R1a was used to perform protein-based human CD200 / human CD200R1a binding and blocking experiments.
[0315] In brief, 1 μg / mL hCD200R1 protein at 100 μl / well was coated in 96-well plate at 4 ℃ for overnight. The plates were washed with PBST 3 times and added with 200 μL of ELISA Buffer to block the plates at RT for 1h. Diluted test Abs were added to the 96-well plate and incubated at RT for 30mins. Then 0.02 μg / mL / well Biotin-hCD200 (Acro Biosystems, B77-H82F5) was added and incubated for 1h. The plates were washed with PBST 3 times and added with 100 μL of Peroxidase-conjugated SA 2nd Ab at RT for 1h. The plates were washed with PBST 3 times and added with 100 μL of TMB at RT for 1h. 100 μl / well stop buffer was added and OD450-OD570 value was read in the SpectraMax.
[0316] The RBA%was calculated by {MFI (average MFI value of 0.02 μg / ml biotin hCD200) -MFI (Ab) } / {MFI (average MFI value of 0.02 μg / ml biotin-hCD200) -MFI (average MFI value of secondary Ab) } *100%.
[0317] The results are shown in Figure 9 and Table 12. The CD200R1 antibodies PR0014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 show little blocking efficiency, as compared to PR007973 (the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75, and the amino acid sequence of the light chain is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 76, which is disclosed in WO2023222068A1) and the reference antibody PR006208.
[0318] [Rectified under Rule 91, 26.03.2026]Table 12. The blocking effect of anti-CD200R1 antibodies on the binding of human CD200 protein to hCD200R1a protein n.d.: not determined.
[0319] Example 11. Determination of the ADCC Effect of anti-CD200R1 Antibodies
[0320] An ADCC reporter gene cell line was used in this example to determine the ADCC effect of CD200R1 antibody. The ADCC effect activity for CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a or CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d was determined using Jurkat FcγRIIIa-V158 / NFAT-Luc cells. The CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a or CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d cells were centrifuged at 300 g for 5 min and then resuspended in RPMI1640+4%FBS serum medium. The cell density was adjusted to 6×105 cells / mL, and 50 μL of the cell suspension was added to each well of a 96-well plate. The plate was incubated overnight at 37 ℃. The Jurkat FcγRIIIa-V158 / NFAT-Luc cells were centrifuged at 400 g for 4 min and then resuspended in RPMI1640+4%FBS serum medium. The cell density was adjusted to 3×106 cells / mL, and 50 μL of the cell suspension was added to each well of a 96-well plate. Antibodies were 5-fold diluted with RPMI1640+4%FBS medium to a maximum final concentration of 100 nM, and a total of 8 concentrations were prepared for each antibody. Two replicates were set. 50 μL of the antibody dilutions were added to each well of the 96-well plate. Meanwhile, an isotype IgG control group was set in the plate. The cells were incubated with the antibodies at 37 ℃ for 5 h. The 96-well plate was left to stand at room temperature for 30 min, and 60 μL of One-Glo chromogenic solution (Promega, #E6110) was added to each well at room temperature. Then, the sample was incubated away from light at room temperature for 10 min. Luminscence readings were obtained using PE Enspire instrument.
[0321] The results are shown in Figure 10 and Table 13. The CD200R1 antibodies PR0014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 show little ADCC activity against CHO-K1 / hCD200R1a or CHO-K1 / hCD200R1d compared with the reference Ab PR006208.
[0322] Table 13. The ADCC Effect of anti-CD200R1 antibodies
[0323] Example 12. Measurements of the binding affinity of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies to CD200R1a
[0324] To determine the binding affinities of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies to CD200R1a proteins of various species (human, Cynomolgus macaques, mouse and rat) , bio-layer interferometry (BLI) assays were carried out using an RED96e instrument. Antibodies were produced as described in Example 1.4. For human (R&D, 10053-CD) / Cynomolgus macaques (R&D, 10055-CD) / mouse (Sino Biological, #50209-M08H) CD200R1 proteins, antibodies were diluted to 5 μg / mL using freshly prepared 1× kinetic buffer (10× kinetic buffer (Catalog#18-1105, Sartorius) was diluted with PBS (Catalog #E607016-0500, BBI Life Sciences) ) and were captured on the surface of anti-human Fc (AHC) Octet biosensors (Catalog#18-5060, Sartorius) to reach capture levels between 0.8-1.2 nm. The biosensors having the captured anti-CD200R1 antibodies were then dipped in wells containing 2-fold serial dilutions of CD200R1 proteins to detect association signals, followed by dissociation steps in wells containing 1× kinetic buffer. For rat CD200R1 protein (Nona Shanghai) , biotinylated rat CD200R1 protein was diluted to 3 μg / mL with 1× kinetic buffer and immobilized onto SA biosensors (Catalog#18-5019, Sartorius) at capture levels of 0.5-0.6 nm. Sensors were subsequently immersed in wells containing 2-fold serial diluted anti-CD200R1 antibodies to measure association, followed by dissociation in 1× kinetic buffer. The association phase and dissociation phase were shown in Table 14 and Table 15. The sensorgrams were recorded and the reference signals were subtracted before curve fitting using ForteBio Data Analysis 11.0 software. Association rates (kon) and dissociation rates (koff) were calculated using a simple one-to-one Langmuir binding model. The equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) was calculated as the ratio of koff / kon. All screened antibodies (PR014395, PR014395, PR014406 and PR014407) did not bind to mouse CD200R1 and rat CD200R1. The data for binding affinity of anti-CD200R1 antibodies with human / Cynomolgus macaques / mouse / rat CD200R1a are summarized below in Table 14 and Table 15. As shown in Table 14, the antibodies PR014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 have comparable binding affinity to human CD200R1a, as compared to the reference antibody PR006208. The antibodies PR014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 have weaker binding affinity to cyno CD200R1a, as compared the reference antibody PR006208. The antibodies PR014395, PR014396, PR014406 and PR014407 showed little or no binding affinity to mouse and rat CD200R1a.
[0325] Table 14. Binding Affinity of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies to human or cyno CD200R1a
[0326] Table 15. Binding Affinity of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies to mouse or rat CD200R1
[0327] Example 13. Measurements of the binding affinity of the anti-CD200R1 antibodies to Fc Receptor
[0328] Determination of Affinity of Antibodies for Human Fcγ Receptor Proteins by BLI An Octet Red 96e molecular interaction analyzer was used in the assay. The buffer used in the experiment was a 1× diluted kinetics buffer (Sartorius, #18-1105) . The rotational speed of the instrument was set to 1000 rpm. HIS1K biosensors (Sartorius, #18-5120) arranged in a row were equilibrated in 1x kinetics buffer for 10 min, and then allowed to capture human Fcγ receptor proteins at a capture height of 0.2-0.3 nm. After being equilibrated in buffer for 60 s, the HIS1K sensors were allowed to associate with anti-CD200R1 antibodies that were serially diluted 2-fold. The association time was set to 120 s or 160 s, and the dissociation time to 300 s. The antibody concentrations are shown in Table 16. Finally, the HIS1K sensor was immersed in a 10 mM glycine-hydrochloric acid solution at pH 1.5 for regeneration to elute the proteins bound to the sensor. The binding affinities between antibodies and FcRn were also measured using SA biosensors (Catalog#18-5019, Sartorius) under two pH conditions (pH 6.0 and pH 7.4) . Biotinylated antibodies were diluted to 3 μg / mL and immobilized onto SA biosensors at capture levels of 0.4-0.6 nm. After equilibration, antibody loaded sensors were sequentially dipped in wells containing 2-fold serial diluted FcRn proteins and 1x kinetics buffer to detect association and dissociation signals.
[0329] When data analysis was performed using Octet Data Analysis software (Fortebio, version 11.0) , 0 nM was used as a reference well, and reference subtraction was performed; the “1: 1 Global fitting” method was selected to fit the data, and the kinetics parameters of the binding of proteins to antibodies were calculated, with kon (1 / Ms) values, kdis (1 / s) values and KD (M) values obtained.
[0330] As shown in Table 16, PR014395 and PR014406 have similar binding affinities to FcγRs. PR014395 shows slightly stronger binding affinity to FcRn than PR014406, at pH 6.0 and pH 7.4.
[0331] Table 16 Affinity of CD200R1 antibodies for human Fcγ receptors
[0332] Example 14. Evaluation of Binding epitope competition of the PTM variants derived from PR005442
[0333] To determine if the anti-CD200R1 antibodies bind to human CD200R1a on different or approximate binding epitopes, epitope competition experiments for the anti-CD200R1 antibodies were performed by the RED96e platform. Human CD200R1a protein was diluted to 3 μg / ml with the kinetic buffer (10× kinetic buffer (Catalog#18-1105, Sartorius) ) , and then loaded onto anti-Penta HIS biosensors (Catalog#18-5120, Sartorius) to reach capture levels to 0.3 nm. The in-tandem competition assay format was applied, and it contained two association steps. Firstly, the antigen-loaded biosensors bound to each antibody (i.e., First antibody, 1st Ab) at a saturating concentration of 240 nM for 240 seconds to reach equilibrium and then secondly bound to the competing antibodies (i.e., Second antibody, 2nd Ab) of 240 nM for 240 seconds. The second binding signals were recorded as the 100%signal of each antibody when the first antibodies were replaced by kinetic buffer. All the binding data were analyzed using ForteBio Data Analysis 11.0 software. The inhibition rate was calculated by the following formula:
[0334] Inhibition rate (%) = (A-B) / A *100, the “A” represents 100%signal of each antibody; and the “B” represents the signals of second antibody binding steps.
[0335] If the obtained inhibition rate is greater than 80 (%) , it indicates that the epitopes of the two antibodies completely overlap; if the inhibition rate is less than 40 (%) , it indicates that the epitopes of the two antibodies are different or far away from each other.
[0336] The results in Table 17 show that the antibodies PR014395, PR007973 and PR006208 do not block antigen-binding of each other, indicating that they bind to three different epitopes on human CD200R1a protein.
[0337] Table 17. The inhibition rates of antibodies in the epitope competition assay
[0338] Example 15. Evaluation of in vivo efficacy of the PTM variants derived from PR005442 To determine the effect of the PTM variants derived from PR005442 on IgE production in a relevant in vivo model, a chronic house dust mite (HDM) -driven lung inflammation study was conducted in mice that were homozygous for human CD200R1 ECD in place of mouse CD200R1 ECD. Chronic lung inflammation and persistent IgE production were induced by exposing the mice intranasally (i. n. ) to HDM (Greer, Catalog #RMB84M) mixed with aluminum (alum) adjuvant (Biodragon, Catalog #KX0210054) or to PBS (sham group) according to the timeline shown in Table 18 and Figure 11.
[0339] Table 18. The timeline of HDM / Alum sensitization and challenge in the lung inflammation study
[0340] Sensitization phase: Animals in the model groups (G2-G6) were sensitized by intraperitoneal (i.p. ) injection of 100 μL of 0.5 mg / mL HDM / Alum sensitization solution on Days 0, 7, and 14; animals in the G1 group were given 100 μL of 1×PBS instead.
[0341] Challenge phase: On Days 22, 24, 26, 29, 31, 33, 36, 38, and 40 (for Days 22, 26, 29, 33, 36 and 40, 2 hours after subcutaneous (s. c. ) administration of the drug (Groups G3 to G6) or 1×PBS (Group G2) ) , animals in the model groups (Groups G2 to G6) were intranasally challenged with 2.5 mg / mL HDM (HDM challenge was assisted by isoflurane anesthesia, with 20 μL administered to each left and right nostril) ; animals in Group G1 were challenged with 1×PBS instead, without drug administration.
[0342] Antibody treatment: Animals in groups G3-G6 were treated with PR016178, PR016179, PR016828, and PR014395 by subcutaneous (s. c. ) administration, respectively, twice a week (BIW) on Days 15, 19, 22, 26, 29, 33, 36, and 40; animals in groups G1 and G2 were treated with 1×PBS instead.
[0343] PR016828, which is an in-house generated mouse surrogate antibody (mouse anti-IL-4R antibody REGN1103 disclosed in US 2020 / 0345843 A1) for the human monoclonal antibody REGN668 (dupilumab) against human IL-4R, was used as a positive control. PR016178 shares the same amino acid sequence as PR006208 but utilizes an optimized nucleotide sequence to enhance expression yield. PR016179 is an IgG1 isotype control against Lysozyme, carrying S267E / L328F and YTE substitutions (M252Y / S254T / T256E) in the Fc region.
[0344] Health status was monitored daily, body weight was recorded twice a week, and during the administration period, the animals were observed once a day.
[0345] In an HDM-induced lung inflammation model, the Whole Body Plethysmography (WBP) protocol is designed to quantify Airway Hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in conscious, unrestrained mice. The most critical application of WBP is its integration with the Methacholine (MCh) Challenge Test, which evaluates how easily the airways constrict in response to a bronchoconstrictor. On Day 41, approximately 24 hours after the final HDM intranasal challenge descried above, the animals were placed in the plethysmography chamber of the Data Sciences International Whole Body Plethysmography System (DSI WBP system, Buxco) . Once the animals were calm, baseline measurements of respiratory mechanics (including enhanced pause (Penh) ) were assessed prior to challenge with either 1×PBS or increasing concentrations of nebulized methacholine (MCh; Sigma-Aldrich, A2251) at 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg / mL to induce airway hyperreactivity (AHR) . Respiratory Penh data were recorded for 3–5 minutes immediately following each nebulization. The Penh value was allowed to return toward baseline before starting the next concentration. The peak Penh value was extracted for each MCh dose, and a plot of MCh concentration (x-axis) versus Penh (y-axis) was generated. After the Penh test, the animals were euthanized, and whole blood was collected. The blood was kept at room temperature for 30–60 min, then centrifuged at 8000 × g for 10 min at 4℃ to obtain serum. The serum was used for total IgE measurement. The total IgE concentration in serum was determined using a Mouse IgE ELISA Set (BD OptEIATM, cat#555248) following manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, 100 μL of serum samples diluted at 1: 10 or 1: 60, and IgE standard diluted at a starting concentration of 50 ng / mL with further 2-fold serial dilutions, were added to pre-coated plates provided with the kit and incubated at 4℃ overnight. The plates were then washed 3 times with wash buffer and incubated with 100 μL / well of biotinylated HDM provided with the kit. The plates were then washed 4 times with wash buffer and incubated with 100 μL / well streptavidin peroxidase (provided with the kit) for 30 min at RT. Subsequently, the plates were washed 7 times, and 100 μL of TMB Substrate Solution (provided with the kit) was added to each well. The plates were incubated in the dark for 25 min, followed by addition of 50 μL Stop Solution (2 N Sulfuric Acid, provided with the kit) . Absorbance was measured at 450 nm and total IgE concentrations were calculated from a standard curve. Serum IgE values are presented as ng / mL.
[0346] Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 11. ANOVA was used for intergroup comparisons and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) .
[0347] Two-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test was applied to compare Penh values between the vehicle and the other groups. The results, presented in Figure 12 and Tables 19.1 and 19.2, show that mice in the vehicle group exhibited increased Penh compared with the sham group, indicating airway hyperresponsiveness induced by HDM. Compared with the vehicle group, treatment with the anti-IL4Rα (PR016828) antibody and PR014395 significantly reduced Penh values during AHR induced by 25 mg / mL MCh (***p < 0.001) . These two antibodies also significantly lowered Penh values at 50 mg / mL MCh. In contrast, PR016178 did not significantly affect Penh values at either 25 mg / mL or 50 mg / mL MCh.
[0348] Table 19.1. Penh value comparison at 25 mg / mL MCh
[0349] Table 19.2. Penh value comparison at 50 mg / mL MCh
[0350] One-way ANOVA followed by Uncorrected Fisher's LSD test was applied to compare total IgE levels in serum between the vehicle and the other groups. The results, presented in Figure13 and Table 20, show that mice in the vehicle group exhibited elevated total IgE levels in circulation compared with the sham group, indicating an allergic response induced by HDM. Compared with the vehicle group, treatment with the anti-IL4Rα antibody (PR016828) significantly reduced circulating total IgE (****p < 0.0001) , and treatment with PR014395 also significantly reduced circulating total IgE (*p < 0.05) .
[0351] Table 20. Total IgE comparison at the endpoint.
[0352] It is to be understood that the foregoing description of the embodiments is intended to be purely illustrative of the principles of the disclosure, rather than exhaustive thereof, and that changes and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and that the present disclosure is not intended to be limited other than expressly set forth in the following claims.
[0353] Sequence Listing
Claims
1.An antibody that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable region (VL) and a heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein:the VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 40; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 41; orthe VH comprises the HCDRs 1-3 of a VH having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34, and the VL comprises the LCDRs 1-3 of a VL having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 42.2.An antibody that specifically binds to CD200R1, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable region (VL) and a heavy chain variable region (VH) , wherein:the VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 9, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 27 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 10, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 29 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 30 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively; orthe VL comprises LCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively or LCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 19, 23, 31 respectively, and the VH comprises HCDRs 1-3 having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively or HCDRs 1-3 having amino acid sequences each of which differ by one or two amino acid residues as the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 7, 13 respectively.3.The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:the VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 36; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 37; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 40, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 41, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO : 34; orthe VL comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 42, and the VH comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 34.4.The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprises a heavy chain (HC) and a light chain (LC) , and wherein:the LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 43; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 60; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 61; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 62; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 63; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 64; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 65; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 66; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 67; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 58; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 59; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 48; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 49; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 50; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 51; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 52; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 70, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 72, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 53; orthe LC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 71, and the HC comprises the amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 55.5.The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the antibody is a murine antibody, a chimeric antibody, a humanized antibody, or a human antibody; preferably, a fully human antibody.6.The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the antibody is of an isotype selected from the group consisting of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and IgD.7.The antibody or the antigen binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the antibody is of a subtype selected from the group consisting of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4.8.The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the antigen-binding fragment is selected from the group consisting of Fab, Fab’ , F (ab') 2, Fd, Fd’ , Fv, scFv, ds-scFv, dAb, and sdAb.9.The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.10.The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-9, which(1) binds to human CD200R1a and human CD200R1d;(2) binds to non-human primate CD200R1a and non-human primate CD200R1d;(3) has agonistic effect on CD200 / CD200R1 signaling; and / or(4) does not block the CD200-CD200R1 interaction.11.A nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-10.12.A vector comprising the nucleic acid according to claim 11.13.A host cell comprising the nucleic acid according to claim 11 or the vector according to claim 12.14.A pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-10, or the nucleic acid according to claim 11, or the vector according to claim 12, or the host cell according to claim 13, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.15.A method of treating an autoimmune disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-10, or the nucleic acid according to claim 11, or the vector according to claim 12, or the host cell according to claim 13, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14.16.Use of the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-10, or the nucleic acid according to claim 11, or the vector according to claim 12, or the host cell according to claim 13, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14 in the manufacture of a medicament for treating an autoimmune disease in a subject.17.The antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof according to any one of claims 1-10, or the nucleic acid according to claim 11, or the vector according to claim 12, or the host cell according to claim 13, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14 for use in the treatment of an autoimmune disease in a subject.18.The method according to claim 15, the use according to claim 16, or the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof, or the nucleic acid, or the vector, or the host cell, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, wherein the autoimmune disease is selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, asthma, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , multiple sclerosis (MS) , syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) , autoimmune thyroiditis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves'disease, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Crohn'sdisease and ulcerative colitis.