Methods and compositions for controlling weeds in pineapple plants

Abstract

Methods controlling undesirable vegetative growth in pineapple plants and compositions useful in such methods are provided. The methods generally involve applying a composition comprising halosulfuron-methyl to soil before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof, into the soil.

Description

037412.00077 METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR CONTROLLING WEEDS IN PINEAPPLE PLANTSCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority to U. S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No.63 / 763,043 filed on February 25, 2025, the contents of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD

[0002] The disclosure provides for methods of pre-emergence control of undesirable vegetative growth in pineapple plants by applying halosulfuron-methyl.SUMMARY OF VARIOUS ASPECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0003] The disclosure provides for methods of controlling undesired vegetative growth comprising applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl to soil before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil. In some aspects, the soil is susceptible to undesirable vegetative growth such as Cyperaceae (e.g., Cyperus luzulae, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoralus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus iria), Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri, Ludwigia octavalvis, and / or Fimbistdis miliacea. In other aspects, the undesirable vegetative growth controlled by the methods herein is Cyperaceae (e.g., Cyperus luzulae, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus iria), Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri, Ludwigia octavalvis, and / or Fimbistdis miliacea.

[0004] The effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is applied before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof into the soil.

[0005] In some aspects, the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is applied from 5 to 10 days before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil, for example 7 days before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof into the soil. In other aspects, the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is 37.5 g to 150 g / ha, such as 50 g to 93.75 g / ha, for example 56.25 g to 75 g / ha.

[0006] In other aspects, the methods comprise applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl and one or more additional active ingredients to soil before transplanting a037412.00077 pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil. In specific aspects, the one or more additional active ingredients is selected from at least one of oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin.

[0007] In other aspects, the disclosure provides compositions comprising halosulfuron-methyl and at least one of oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, or pendimethalin. In a particular aspect, halosulfuron-methyl and at least one of oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, or pendimethalin are suitable for application in a tank mix of products (one comprising halosulfuron-methyl and one comprising at least one of oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, or pendimethalin) or as a combination product comprising both halosulfuron-methyl and at least one of oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, or pendimethalin.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 shows the average number of sedges (Cyperus) per m2for each of the treatments evaluated in a trial for the control of weeds in pineapple crops as described in Example 1.

[0009] Figure 2 shows the average number of sedges (Cyperus) per m2for each of the treatments evaluated in a trial for the control of weeds in pineapple crops as described in Example 2.

[0010] Figure 3 shows the average number of broad leaves per m2for each of the treatments evaluated in a trial for the control of weeds in pineapple crops as described in Example 2.

[0011] Figure 4 shows the average number of poaceae (grasses) per m2for each of the treatments evaluated in a trial for the control of weeds in pineapple crops as described in Example 2.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The disclosure provides for methods of pre-emergence control of undesired vegetative growth in pineapple plants by applying halosulfuron-methyl. In particular, the disclosure provides for methods of controlling undesired vegetative growth comprising applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl to soil before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil. It has been surprisingly found that, by applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl to soil as described herein can provide good control of undesired vegetative growth whilst minimizing or avoiding undesirable phytotoxicity to the pineapple plants. In some aspects, the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is applied037412.00077 from 5 to 10 days before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil. In an aspect, the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is applied 6 days, 7 days or 8 days before transplanting, for example 7 days before transplanting.

[0013] In other aspects, the disclosure provides for methods of controlling undesired vegetative growth comprising (i) applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl to soil; and (ii) transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil, wherein transplanting is done from 5 to 10 days after applying the halosulfuron-methyl. In an aspect, transplanting is done 6, 7, or more days after applying the halosulfuron-methyl.

[0014] In some aspects, the methods comprise applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl and one or more additional active ingredients to soil before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil. In some aspects, the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl and the one or more additional active ingredients are applied from 5 to 10 days before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil.

[0015] In other aspects, the disclosure provides for methods of controlling undesired vegetative growth comprising (i) applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl and one or more additional active ingredients to soil; and (ii) transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof (e.g., crown, slips, suckers or pups), into the soil, wherein transplanting is done from 5 to 10 days after applying the halosulfuron-methyl and one or more additional active ingredients.

[0016] In any of the aspects described herein, the soil is susceptible to undesirable vegetative growth of weeds such as Cyperaceae (e.g., Cyperus luzulae. Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculenlus. Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus esculenlus. Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus iria), Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri. Ludwigia octavalvis, and / or Fimbistdis miliacea. In particular aspects, the soil is susceptible to sedges (e.g., from family Cyperaceae).

[0017] In any of the aspects described herein, the undesirable vegetative growth are weeds such as Cyperaceae (e.g., Cyperus luzulae. Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus iria), Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri, Ludwigia octavalvis, and / or Fimbistdis miliacea. In particular aspects, the weeds are sedges (e.g., from family Cyperaceae).

[0018] Halosulfuron-methyl (CAS No. 100784-20-1) is a commercially available herbicide. For example, SEMPRA® 75 WG is sold by GOWAN® and may be used for the methods described herein.037412.00077

[0019] In any of the aspects disclosed herein, the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is 37.5 g to 150 g / ha, such as 50 g to 93.75 g / ha, for example 56.25 g to 75 g / ha. Application at these rates may provide a good level of weed control. The rates according to aspects herein may also be economically viable. The methods may avoid any issues of selectivity and / or phytotoxicity.

[0020] In other aspects, the one or more additional active ingredients is oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin. In particular aspects, the effective amount of oxyfluorfen is 600 g to 1200 g / ha, for example 800 g to 1000 g / ha (e.g., 840 g / ha or 600 g / ha). In a particular aspect, the effective amount of hexazinone is 375 g to 1125 g / ha, for example 500 g to 900 g / ha (e.g., 750 g / ha). In a particular aspect, the effective amount of diuron is 800 g - 2400 g / ha, for example 1500 g - 2400 g / ha (e.g., 2.4 kg / ha or 1.6 kg / ha). In a particular aspect, the effective amount of pendimethalin is 800 g - 1500 g / ha, for example 1000 g to 1200 g / ha (e.g., 1000 g / ha). Application of halosulfuron-methyl and one or more additional active ingredients may provide broad spectrum control of weeds such as sedges, grasses (poaceae) and broadleaf weeds.

[0021] In some aspects, the methods (e.g., involving the application of halosulfuron- methyl and one or more of oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin) control vegetative undesirable growth of weeds such sedges, broadleaf weeds, and grasses. Examples of sedges or Cyperaceae include Cyperus luzulae. Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculenlus. Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus esculenlus. Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus iria. Fimbristylis pauciflora, Fimbistdis miliacea. Examples of broadleaf weeds include Phyllanthus niruri. Ludwigia octavalvis, Crotalaria sp, Bidens pilosa, Commelina erecta, Ipomoea sp., Asystacia gangatica, Mikania cordifolia, Euphorbia sp, Portulaca oleraceae, Spilanthes americana, Baltimora recta, Emilia sonchifolia, Kallstroemia maxima, Lantana camara, Mimosa pudica. Examples of grasses or poaceae include Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Panicum maximum, Paspalum conjugatum, Digitaria sp., Sporobulus indicus. One or more of said weeds may be controlled by the methods described herein.

[0022] In some aspects, the methods described herein provide control of undesired vegetative growth of weeds (e.g., sedges, grasses or broadleaf weeds) up to 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, or more days after application of halosulfuron-methyl.

[0023] Halosulfuron-methyl may be applied in any suitable composition. The composition comprising halosulfuron-methyl may include other inert materials as co-formulants such as surfactants, emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, anti-foam agents, compatibility agents, sequestering037412.00077 agents, neutralizing agents and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, colorants, odorants, solvents, wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, pH buffering agents, freeze point depressants, antimicrobial agents, crop oil, safeners, adhesives, preservatives, drift retardants, penetration agents, compatibility agents, water conditioners, protective colloids, tackifiers, thickening agents, dispersing agents and carriers, and mixtures thereof.

[0024] The halosulfuron-methyl may be applied (e.g., sprayed) onto soil using ground-based equipment (e.g., by a conventional hydraulic boom sprayer either self-propelled or tractor hauled, or by knapsack sprayer or other hand-held spray applicator) or aerially (e.g., drone).

[0025] In other aspects, halosulfuron-methyl and the one or more active ingredients (e.g., oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin) are applied at the same time (e.g., together as a combined product), simultaneously, or sequentially (e.g. as a tank mix). A composition comprising halosulfuron-methyl and the one or more active ingredients (e.g., oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin) may include other inert materials as co-formulants such as surfactants, emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, anti-foam agents, compatibility agents, sequestering agents, neutralizing agents and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, colorants, odorants, solvents, wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, pH buffering agents, freeze point depressants, antimicrobial agents, crop oil, safeners, adhesives, preservatives, drift retardants, penetration agents, compatibility agents, water conditioners, protective colloids, tackifiers, thickening agents, dispersing agents and carriers, and mixtures thereof. Similarly, when the halosulfuron-methyl and one or more active ingredients (e.g., oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin) are applied as separate products, they each may include other inert materials as described herein.

[0026] The halosulfuron-methyl and one or more active ingredients (e.g., oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin) may be applied (e.g., sprayed) onto soil using ground-based equipment (e.g., by a conventional hydraulic boom sprayer either self-propelled or tractor hauled, or by knapsack sprayer or other hand-held spray applicator) or aerially e.g., by drone.

[0027] In other aspects, the methods described herein may be included in a treatment regimen for controlling undesired vegetative growth in pineapple plants. For example, additional active ingredients (e.g., bentazon, diuron, ametrine) may be applied post-emergence.

[0028] In other aspects, the disclosure provides a composition comprising halosulfuron-methyl and at least one of oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin. In one aspect, the halosulfuron-methyl and oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin are the only active ingredients. The composition may be suitable for use in a tank mix. For example, the037412.00077 composition may be applied either as a tank mix of products, one comprising halosulfuron-methyl and one comprising oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin, or as a combination product comprising both halosulfuron-methyl and oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, and / or pendimethalin in varying amounts. For example, the halosulfuron-methyl may be applied at a rate of 37.5 g to 150 g / ha, such as 50 g to 93.75 g / ha, for example 56.25 g to 75 g / ha. The oxyfluorfen may be applied at a rate of 600 g to 1200 g / ha, for example 800 g to 1000 g / ha (e.g., 840 g / ha or 600 g / ha). The hexazinone may be applied at a rate of 375 g to 1125 g / ha, for example 500 g to 900 g / ha (e.g., 750 g / ha). The diuron may be applied at a rate of 800 g - 3000 g / ha, for example 1500 g - 2800 g / ha (e.g., 2.4 kg / ha or 1600 g / ha). The pendimethalin may be applied at a rate of 800 g - 1500 g / ha, for example 1000 g to 1200 g / ha (e.g., 1,000 g / ha).EXAMPLESExample 1 - Pre-Emergence Control of Weeds in Pineapple Crop

[0029] A field study was performed on pineapple (Ananas comosus) crops to evaluate the efficacy of halosulfuron-methyl in the pre-emergence control of weeds (e.g., Cyperaceae).Materials and Methods

[0030] The commercial product SEMPRA® 75 WG is a herbicide that has halosulfuron-methyl as active ingredient in a concentration of 750 g / kg, commercially prepared in a dispersible granule formulation. This product is formulated by Gowan Company. SEMPRA 75 WG is a systemic, selective herbicide, which is absorbed by the leaves and roots of broadleaf and sedge weeds, translocates via xylem and phloem, and its mechanism of action is the inhibition of the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids and proteins.

[0031] As a reference product, a mixture of herbicides was used. This mixture comprised Goal 24 EC (oxyfluorfen) and Diurex 80 WG (diuron).

[0032] Goal 24 EC has oxyfluorfen as active ingredient in a concentration of 240 g / L, in a concentrated emulsion formulation. Oxyfluorfen is a pre-emergent contact herbicide that inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase, causing stomatal closure, increasing membrane permeability, leading to deterioration and cell collapse. Diurex 80 WG has diuron as active ingredient at a concentration of 800 g / Ka in a formulation of dispersible granules. Diuron is a systemic herbicide inhibitor of photosynthesis.

[0033] The test was carried out in the open field in an experimental pineapple plantation in Costa Rica. This plantation had a planting density of 68,000 plants per hectare. The pineapple variety used was MD-2, which is representative in pineapple crops. The lot at the plantation where037412.00077 the test was carried out is commonly used for pineapple cultivation, and has presented significant problems with broad leaves, sedges, and poaceae.

[0034] The trial began seven days before the time of transplanting the crop.

[0035] A randomized complete block design was used. There were 7 treatments, each with 6 repetitions (i.e., a total of 42 experimental units). There were 5 treatments of halosulfuron-methyl, a commercial standard and the untreated check. The description of each treatment is presented in the following table (Table 1).

[0036] Table 1 - TreatmentsDose ml or g / HaApplication Product Active Ingredient (CommercialVolume (L / Ha) Product)Halosulfuron-methylSEMPRA 75 WG 50 2000 L (750 g / Kg)Halosulfuron-methylSEMPRA 75 WG 75 2000 L (750 g / Kg)Halosulfuron-methylSEMPRA 75 WG 100 2000 L (750 g / Kg)Halosulfuron-methylSEMPRA 75 WG 150 2000 L (750 g / Kg)Halosulfuron-methylSEMPRA 75 WG 200 2000 L (750 g / Kg)Commercial Goal (240 gStandard (Goal + oxyfluorfen / L) and3.500 ml and 2000 g 2000 L Diurex 80 WG) Diurex 80 WG (800 gdiuron / kg)Untreated Check - - -

[0037] A single application was made during the trial period, seven days before transplanting. The applications were made with a motor pump, simulating commercial applications. Specifically, the applications were made with land equipment, a backpack-type Maruyama brand motor pump, which operates with 6.5 kg / cm2of pressure with disc nozzles with a maximum discharge of 1.2 L / min. The application of the product was directed to the soil, estimating an application liquid of 2000 liters per hectare. The application was carried out simulating a commercial application with a spray boom, for which a mini spray boom with 5 nozzles was used.

[0038] 7 evaluations were carried out during the trial, every 15 days, the first one just before the single application.037412.00077

[0039] Weed count: Using a 1 m2grid, photographs were taken of 3 points within each plot. The photograph of the grid area was always carried out at a height of 1.2 m, with the aim that the photograph exactly covers the evaluation area.

[0040] At the end of the test, the degree of damage or phytotoxicity on the crop was evaluated, using the EWRS scale (Table 2). In addition to the use of this scale, the fresh weight of 4 plants per replicate at the end of the trial was quantified, with the aim of determining the effect on plant development. The effect of the herbicide on the crop and any other effects on other organisms related to the crop were also evaluated.

[0041] Table 2 - Logarithmic Point Scale of the European Weed Research Society (EWRS) used for the evaluation of the phytotoxic effect of SEMPRA 75 WG on the pineapple crop.Scale Effect on the weed Effect on the Cropvalue1 Complete death Without effect2 Very good control Very light symptoms3 Good control Light symptoms4 Sufficient control in practice Symptoms that are not reflected in yields5 Medium control Medium damage6 Fair control High damage7 Poor control Very high damage8 Very poor control Severe damage9 Without effect Death

[0042] Table 3 - Transformation from the EWRS Logarithmic Point-to-Spot Scale to the Percentage ScaleScale % weeds control % Phytotoxicity to the crop value1 99.0-100.0 0.0-1.02 96.5-99.0 1.0-3.53 93-96.5 3.5-7.04 87.5-93.0 7.0-12.55 80.0-87.5 12.5-20.06 70.0-80.0 20.0-30.07 50.0-70.0 30.0-50.08 1.0-50.0 50.0-99.09 0.0-1.0 99.0-100.0

[0043] Efficacy: With the results of the evaluated variables, the percentage of efficacy of each of the treatments with respect to the absolute control was estimated, based on the Abbott formula (1925) at each evaluation moment after the first application of the treatments:037412.00077 JT—it

[0044] P = 100 whereP = percentage efficacy (%)IT = control infectionIt = treatment infection

[0045] With the results obtained from the evaluated response variables, an ANOVA (analysis of variance) with an alpha of 0.05 was applied to determine the effects of the treatments on the mean of the response variables at each of the evaluation moments. By confirming an effect of the application of the treatments on the means of the response variables, a Tukey analysis was carried out with an alpha value of 0.05 to determine which mean of the response variable of the data set is the one with behaviors significantly different.Results

[0046] Figure 1 shows the average number of sedges per m2for each of the evaluated treatments. Regarding the presence of cyperaceae-sedges in the plots of the evaluated treatments, during the development of the test, there was a tendency for the mean of the untreated check to remain above the other treatments from 15 days after the application (DAT, days after treatment) until the end of the test, which confirms that the observed effect is merely of the tested products. This is particularly the case up to 90 DAT.

[0047] There is a clear trend in the results, which demonstrates the control of the SEMPRA 75 WG herbicide at any of the doses tested on the emergence of sedges, from 15 DAT to 100 DAT. All doses of the tested product and the commercial standard manage to maintain less than 2 sedges per m2for approximately three months after application (90 DAT), compared to the untreated check, which reaches values of more than 5 sedges per m2.

[0048] After 90 DAT, there seems to be a break in the protection of the product on the emergence of sedges, however, all the doses remain below the untreated check.

[0049] Table 4 shows the means of each evaluation as well as the results of the Tukey test. The statistical analysis confirms the control of sedges by all doses of SEMPRA 75 WG evaluated in this trial up to 90 DAT. And when analyzing the average number of sedges per m2after 100 DAT, the statistical analysis indicates that only the SEMPRA 75 WG treatments at 0.20 kg / Ha and the market standard manage to maintain the emergence of sedges below the untreated check.037412.00077

[0050] Table 4 - Summary of means and results of the Tukey test of the response variable; average number of sedges per m2, for each of the treatments evaluated in the SEMPRA 75 WG trial for the control of weeds in pineapple crops._ Mean of sedges per m2_0 15 30 45 60 75 90 100 TreatmentsDAT DAT DAT DAT DAT DAT DAT DAT SEMPRA 75 WG 0.050n A A A0.272 0.667 1.111 3.400 0 0 0444 A B B AB SEMPRA 75 WG 0.075 0.222 0.833 1.167 2.6700 00 389A B B AB SEMPRA 75 WG0.10 A A!^ 0.611 1.000 1.333 2.00000 0 11 1 0 167A B B AB SEMPRA 75 WG0.15A0.222 0.833 1.440 1.6670 00 0 1667A B B AB SEMPRA 75 WG 0.20 0222 0.111 0 278 0.0000 0 01 067 B_ A _ B _ B _ Goal 24 EC 3.5 L / Ha +0 0 0.111 02220 11 1 0 61 1 13331 133 B Diurex 80 WG 2.0 kg / T _ A _ B _ B _ Untreated check 0 0 0.555 1.0004,22 5 225.133 AA A A p valor0.049 0.006 0.003DAT= Days after 0.393 0.255 * * > *... *.. 0.010** treatment

[0051] This indicates a positive control effect of sedges for up to 90 DAT by SEMPRA 75 WG at a dose of 0.050 - 0.20 kg / Ha, in the pineapple crop. The dose that achieves greater control over time is 0.20 Kg / Ha, with 79% efficacy, even surpassing the 2 with 77% (Table 5).

[0052] The slight decrease in the average of sedges in the untreated check observed at 100 DAA compared to the evaluation at 90 DAT may be because, at that time, the growth in coverage of the poaceae masked the presence of some sedges.

[0053] Table 5 - Efficacy according to the average number of sedges per plot, for each of the treatments evaluated for the control of weeds in the pineapple crop.Efficacy11 til till til IS75 DAT 90 DAT 100 DAT SEMPRA 75 WG 0.050 Kg / Ha 82.35 77.65 33.76 SEMPRA 75 WG 0.075 Kg / Ha 85.88 78.72 48.05 SEMPRA 75 WG 0.10 Kg / Ha 78.82 74.46 61.03 SEMPRA 75 WG 0.15 Kg / Ha 82.35 72.34 67.53 SEMPRA 75 WG 0.20 Kg / Ha 94.11 100 79.22 Goal 24 EC 3.5 L / Ha + Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / ha 87.05 74.46 77.92 Conclusions037412.00077

[0054] Doses of 0.050, 0.075, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 kg / ha of SEMPRA 75 WG showed a pre-emergence control effect on sedges in the cultivation of pineapple, with a control period of 90 days after the application, since they presented significant differences in the values of the means of the average of sedges per m2, with respect to the untreated check.

[0055] The estimated efficacy from the average response variable of sedges per plot, evaluated 100 days after the application, showed that only the dose of 0.20 kg / ha of SEMPRA 75 WG is more effective than the commercial standard (Goal 24 EC + Diurex 80 WG).

[0056] No visible phytotoxic effect on the pineapple crop was observed (scale value 1 on the EWRS scale). Nor were any side effects observed on other pests or organisms.

[0057] The application of SEMPRA 75 WG thus can be used at the doses provided herein (e.g., between 0.05 - 0.20 kg / ha, for example between 0.075 - 0.1 kg / ha) for the control of sedges in pineapple crops, applied once in the cycle, 7 days before the time of transplanting the crop with volumes of water of 2000 L / Ha.Example 2 - Tank Mixes

[0058] A field study was performed on pineapple (Ananas comosus) crops to evaluate the efficacy of halosulfuron-methyl in a tank mix with certain herbicides (diuron, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin or hexazinone) in the pre-emergence control of weeds.Materials and Methods

[0059] The halosulfuron-methyl product used in said study was SEMPRA 75 WG. Diurex 80 WG has diuron as its active ingredient in a dispersible granule formulation. Diurex 80 WG has diuron as active ingredient at a concentration of 800 g / kg. Diuron is a systemic herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis. Velpar 75 WG has hexazinone as its active ingredient at a concentration of 750 g / kg, and is a dispersible granule formulation. Hexazinone can have contact, residual and systemic action, inhibiting photosynthesis. Goal 24 EC has oxyfluorfen as its active ingredient in a concentration of 240 g / L and is a concentrated emulsion formulation. Oxyfluorfen is a pre-emergent contact herbicide. Pendimethalin 50 EC has pendimethalin as its active ingredient in a concentration of 500 ml / L, and is a concentrated emulsion formulation. Pendimethalin is a pre-emergent herbicide of selective action that is absorbed by roots and stems.

[0060] The test was carried out in the open field in an experimental pineapple plantation in Costa Rica. This plantation had a planting density of 68,000 plants per hectare. The pineapple variety used was MD-2, which is representative in the pineapple crop. The lot at the plantation037412.00077 where the test was carried out is commonly used for pineapple cultivation, and has presented significant problems with broad leaves, sedges, and poaceae.

[0061] The trial began seven days before the time of transplanting the crop.

[0062] A randomized complete block design was used. There were 13 treatments, each with 6 repetitions (i.e. a total of 78 experimental units). The 13 treatments consisted of three treatments of SEMPRA 75 WG with diuron, three treatments of SEMPRA 75 WG with hexazione, three treatments of SEMPRA 75 WG with oxyfluorfen, three treatments of SEMPRA 75 WG with pendimethalin, and one untreated check. The description of each treatment is presented in Table 6 below.

[0063] Table 6 - TreatmentsProduct Dose ml or Application Volumeg / Ha (L / Ha)SEMPRA 75 WG 50 2000 LDIUREX 80 WG 2000SEMPRA 75 WG 75 2000 LDIUREX 80 WG 2000SEMPRA 75 WG 100 2000 LDIUREX 80 WG 2000SEMPRA 75 WG 50 2000 LVELPAR 75 WG 1000SEMPRA 75 WG 75 2000 LVELPAR 75 WG 1000SEMPRA 75 WG 100 2000 LVELPAR 75 WG 1000SEMPRA 75 WG 50 2000 LGOAL 24 EC 2500SEMPRA 75 WG 75 2000 LGOAL 24 EC 2500SEMPRA 75 WG 100 2000 LGOAL 24 EC 2500SEMPRA 75 WG 50 2000 LPENDIMETHALIN 50 EC 2000SEMPRA 75 WG 75 2000 LPENDIMETHALIN 50 EC 2000037412.00077 SEMPRA 75 WG 100 2000 LPENDIMETHALIN 50 EC 2000

[0064] A single application was made during the trial period, seven days before transplanting. The applications were made with a motor pump, simulating commercial applications.

[0065] 7 evaluations were carried out throughout the trial, distributed every 15 days, with the first application carried out just before the single application. The evaluation by weed count and degree of damage or phytotoxicity on the crop was evaluated as described in Example 1 above.ResultsCyperaceae (sedges)

[0066] Regarding the presence of sedge in the plots of the treatments evaluated, during the development of the test, there was a tendency for the mean of the untreated check to remain above the other treatments from 15 days after application (DDA) until end of the trial (90 DDA), with statistically significant differences. This confirms that the observed effect is merely of the products under test. The results demonstrate the level of control provided by the tested mixes.

[0067] Table 7 shows the mean of each evaluation as well as the results of the Tukey test.It should be clarified that the slight decrease in the average number of sedges in the untreated check observed at 90 DDA compared to the evaluation of 75 DDA, can be attributed to growth in coverage of poaceae masking the presence of some sedges. There is a clear trend in the results that indicates the control provided by the mixtures, in particular from 15 DAA to 75 DAA. Even at 90 DAA, all treatments provide a control below the untreated check. Figure 2 shows the average (mean) number of sedges per m2up to 90 DAT.Table 7 - Summary of means and results of the Tukey test of the response variable; average number of sedges per m2, for each of the treatment mixtures evaluated.Mean of sedges per m20 DAT 15 DAT 30 DAT 45 DAT 60 DAT 75 DAT 90 DAT SEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha +Q0,22 B0 22 B QDiurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaX^W^2GKg5 / Ha8^a + 1J7°’00°’00 B°’00°’00 B°’00 B°’°7 ABDTX^W^2GK^Ha8 / Ha +°’17°’00°’00 B°’00°’22 B°’22 B 0 / 13 AB037412.00077Ve^5 W(TlCK5g0 / Hf / Ha +°’00°’00°’00 B°’H°’33 B°’56 B°’20 ABSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha + 0,00 B 0,11 0,11 B 0,00 B 0,17 AB Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha SEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha + „ „„ „ „„ „ „„n n n n n / TT&0,00 0,00 0,00 B 0,11 0,00 B 0,00 B 0,20 AB Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha W?|T0 Kg / Ha +o,17 0,00 0,00 B 0,00 0,00 B 0,00 B 0,00 B Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / Ha,,,,,,,Kg / Ha +0,67 0,00 0,00 B 0,00 0,00 B 0,11 B 0,00 B Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / Ha G?EoAailI^ 2^4t EJC52)Y,5? L / / JHT0a0 K8 / Ha +1,00 0,00 0,00 B 0,00 0,00 B 0,00 B 0,00 B SEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha +0 50 0 00 0 00 B 0,l l 0,33 B 0,11 B 0,10 AB Pendimethahn 50 EC 2 L / Ha SEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha +Q0,00 B o, OO B 0,03 ABPendimethahn 50 EC 2 L / Ha SENffRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha +0? 00,00B0,11B 0 44 B 0 17Pendimethahn 50 EC 2 L / HaUntreated check 0,50 1,44 0,78 A 0,67 7,11 A 5,67 A 0,50 A R value 0,631 0,167 0,045 0,073 0,000 0,000 0,045

[0068] Table 8 indicates efficacy according to the average number of sedges per plot, for each of the evaluated treatments. Good efficacy for mixtures is observed. For example, Sempra + Goal provided 100% control 90 days after treatment (DAT).Table 8 - Efficacy according to the average number of sedges per plot.Efficacy in sedge control30 DAT 60 DAT 75 DAT 90 DAT®MP^ ”W7GK™a +100,0 96,9 96,1 53,3 Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSEMP^ S WG TS K^. „ 100,0 100,0 S6.7 Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSENffR. r 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha +Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / Ha SEMPRA 75 WG 50 KglH. E]Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha +........Velpar 75 WG IKg / Ha10°’°98’4 10°’°66’7SEMPRA 75 WG! 00 Kg / Ha +, j100>0Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha?ET^^5,? / 0 K8 / Ha +100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 Goal 24 EC 2.5 L / Ha ’ ’ ’ ’G?EoTa^l 2^4 EC52,,5? L / / ZHr5aK8 / Ha +100,0 100,0 98,0 100,0?EiI^^75)?00 K8 / Ha +100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / Ha ’ ’ ’ ’037412.00077 SBMP^ S WG SO Kgffia.Pendimethahn 50 EC 2 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha + 100 0 1000 1000 93 3 Pendimethalin 50 EC 2 L / Ha ’ ’ ’SEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha +Pendimethalin 50 EC 2 L / Ha’ Broad leaf weeds

[0069] Regarding the presence of broad leaves, in the plots of the treatments evaluated, from 15 DAT to 75 DAT, the mean of the untreated check was statistically higher than all treatments. For example, Sempra + Goal provided greater than 80% broad leaf control 75 days after treatment. Thus, a control period of at least 75 days is seen for tested mixtures. The average (mean) of broad leaves per m2is shown in Figure 3. Table 9 shows the means of each evaluation and the results of the Tukey test, and Table 10 shows efficacy.Table 9 - Summary of means and results of the Tukey test of the response variable; average number of broad leaves per m2, for each of the treatment mixtures evaluated.Mean of broad leaves per m20 DAT 15 DAT 30 DAT 45 DAT 60 DAT 75 DAT 90 DAT SEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha + 0,50 B 0,00 B 0,00 B 0,33 B O,56 BC 1,11 B 0,83 B Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha + 1,17 B 0,00 B 0,56 B 1,44 B O,89 BC 1,67 B 1,13 B Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha + 1,83 B 0,ll B 1,22 B 1,78 B O,89 BC 1,67 B 1,17 B Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha + 0,33 B 0,00 B 0,33 B 2,33 B 2,56 AB 2,67 B 1,97 AB Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha + 0,83 B 0,00 B 0,22 B 1,33 B 1,67 BC 2,44 B 1,43 AB Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha + 1,17 B 0,00 B 0,00 B 1,56 B 1,56 BC 2,00 B 1,67 AB Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha + 0,17 B 0,00 B 0,00 B 0,11 B 0,22 C 0,22 B 0,47 B Goal 24 EC 2.5 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha + 0,67 B 0,00 B 0,22 B 0,33 B O,56 BC 1,11 B 0,87 B Goal 24 EC 2.5 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha + 1,00 B 0,00 B 0,11 B 0,44 B 0,33 BC l,06 B 0,60 B Goal 24 EC 2.5 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha + 4,17 AB 0,33 B 0,ll B 1,11 B 1,44BC 1,56 B 0,97 B Pendimethalin 50 EC 2 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha + 9,33 A 0,56 B 0,ll B 0,67 B O,78 BC 1,56 B 0,50 B Pendimethalin 50 EC 2 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha + 3,50 AB 0,44 B 0,33 B 0,44 B 0,78 BC 1,44 B 1,47 AB Pendimethalin 50 EC 2 L / HaUntreated check 7,17 AB 2,78 A 5,67 A 4,89 A 4,67 A 5, 44 A 3, 13 A037412.00077 p value 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,001Table 10 - Efficacy according to the average number of broadleaves per plot.Efficacy in broadleaf weed controlrjiin e n ts 0 DAT 15 DAT 30 DAT 45 DAT 60 DAT 75 DAT 90 DAT SEMPf^^ WG 50 Kg / Ha +993,3 88,0 73,5 Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / Ha SEMPf^^ WG 75 Kg / Ha +863,9 Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / Ha SEMPILk TS WG H00 Kg / Ha + 78,56Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / Ha SEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha + 37,1Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha SEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha +Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha88’4 1OO’°964 72’8 64’2 554 54SEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha +Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha83’7 1OO’°10°’°684 6S’6 S3’2 46’6G?EoNa^l 2^4 EC252,.5? L / / ^Hr0aK8 / Ha +97,61OO’°1OO’°97’8 95’3 96’° 85,0G?EoNa^l 2^4 EC52,,5? L / / Hr5aK8 / Ha +90,71OO’° 96,1 93,3 88,079’6 72’2?EN^^75,? / 00 K8 / Ha +86,1 100,0 98,1 91,0 92,9 80,5 80,8 Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha +„d41„,1,8 88,1Q928,117777,73 6Q9,27 7711,73 6Q9,n0 Pendimetahna 50 EC 2 L / Ha,,,,,,, SEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha +1 7Q Q Q2 1 7 7 71 7 nPendimetalina 50 EC 2 L / Ha -3°4 79’9 984 864 834 714 84'° SEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha +51 2 84 2942 91 083,3 73,5 53,0 Pendimetahna 50 EC 2 L / Ha,,,,,,,Poaceae

[0070] Regarding the presence of poaceae per m2in the treatment plots evaluated, the mean of the untreated check was statistically higher than all treatments from 15 DAT to 90 DAT, indicating that all mixtures achieved a level of control over the emergence of poaceae. For example, Sempra + Goal provided 90 % control of grasses 90 days after treatment (DAT). Sempra + Diurex, and Sempra + Velpar, each provided greater than 80 % control at 90 DAT. The average (mean) of poaceae per m2is shown in Figure 4. Table 11 shows the means of each evaluation and the results of the Tukey test, and Table 12 shows efficacy.037412.00077 Table 11 - Summary of means and results of the Tukey test of the response variable; average number of broad leaves per m2, for each of the treatment mixtures evaluated.Mean of poacea per m20 DAT 15 DAT 30 DAT 45 DAT 60 DAT 75 DAT 90 DAT SEMFRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha +0,33 BD D D 0, 44 BC 0,67 DE 0,43 ADiurex 80 WG 2 Kg / Ha ^ W^2GKg5 / Ha8 / Ha +0.00 B 0,1 I D 0,33 CD 0,33 CD 0,44 BC 0,67 DE 0,83 A SEMPfLk 75 WG 00 Kg / Ha +0.00 B 0,l l D 0,44 CD 0,33 CD 0,89 BC 0,67 DE 0.60 A Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha + n n n n n n n n,.. -7^ i 1.33 B 0,11 D 0,33 CD 0,56 CD 0,56 BC 5.07 A Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha CDE SEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha +0,83 Bo, 56 CD 0,56 BC 0,67 DE 1.00 A Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha +0 67 B D D D 0, 78 BC 0,56 DE 0,97 AVelpar 75 WG 1 Kg / Ha ^E^^JV^? / i°Ks / Ha +0,17 B 0,00 D 0,00 D 0,00 D 0,22 BC 0,44 DE 0,10 A Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / HaKg / Ha +0, 17 B 0,l l D 0,44 CD 0,56 CD 0,44 BC 0,57 A Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / Ha CDEENi^^ r5?^? / i1T00 K8 / Ha +0.00 B 0,44 CD 0,1 I D 0,11 D 0,11 C 0,22 E 0,07 A Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / Ha5^ 75 ^0 50 ^ +1 33 BW 1 44 1.33 j00 Bc 2 00 CDj47 APendimethahn 50 EC 2 L / Ha BCD BCD BCDSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha +. „.6.67 A 2,00 B 3.56 B 3,00 BC 2.44 B 3.78 B 2.47 A Pendimethahn 50 EC 2 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha + 3.50 „ „ „ „.1- 1- T-rr z,T1.89 B C 2.67 B C 2.44 B 1.89 BC 2.56 BC 2.17 A Pendimethahn 50 EC 2 L / Ha ABUntreated check 5.83 A 6.33 A 8.56 A 7.00 A 7,67 A 7.33 A 5.57 A p value 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,047Table 12 - Efficacy according to the average number of poacea per plot.Efficacy in noaceae weed controlTreatmentsJ r0 DAT 15 DAT 30 DAT 45 DAT 60 DAT 75 DAT 90 DAT SEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha +94 29 100 0 97 40 96 83 94 2090.91 92.22 Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 K g / Ha +100 00 98 25 96 10 95 24 94 20 90 9185.03 Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / HaSEMPf^ 75 WG 100 Kg / Ha +100 00 98 25 94 81 95 24 88 41 90 91 89 22Diurex 80 WG 2 Kg / Ha037412.00077, S, EM, PRA 75 WG 50.. K. g / Ha + 77.114zlo 9s8.2 o5s G 9A6. i1n0 o 9o2. n0A6 O 9O2.775<; S 8I1. S82Q s 8n0.o9s8 Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 WG75 Kg / Ha +85 71 100 Q 100 00 92 069275 90.91 82.04 Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaSEMPRA 75 „ W, G,, 10,0,, Kg / Ha + „ 8„8.5 „7 m 10n0,n0 m 10n0,n0 O 9A6. S8I3 s 8o9. S8A6 n 92o.4 n2 S 82O. A6I3 Velpar 75 WG 1 Kg / HaENi^^5,? / i°K8 / Ha +97,14 100,0 100,0 100.00 97.10 93.94 89.82 Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / HaENi^^5,?5 K8 / Ha +97,14 98.25 94.81 92.06 94.20 83.33 89.80 Goal 24 EC 2,5 L / Har GEoNa^l 2^4 EC52o,5? L / / iH0a0 K8 / Ha + 100 00 92 98 98 70 98 41 98 55 96 97 98 80SEMPRA 75 WG 50 Kg / Ha +„.... 77.14 89.47 83.12 80.95 86.96 72.73 73.65 Pendimetahna 50 EC 2 L / HaSEMPRA 75 WG 75 Kg / Ha+ _M 68 42 58 44 57 14 68 12 48 485569Pendimetahna 50 EC 2 L / Ha_ SEM.. PRA.7.5 W _G_ 100 Kg / Ha + 40.0 „0„ 7 „n0.]1„8 68. s83o 65S. n0s8 75. O3A6 A 65S.115 S A 6I1. n0s8 Pendimetahna 50 EC 2 L / HaConclusions

[0071] Mixtures of halosulfuron-methyl in combination with diuron, hexazinone, oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin showed a pre-emergence control effect, demonstrating broad spectrum control over the emergence of sedge, broadleaf and poaceae. In particular, in the period of 75 days after application, there are significant differences in the values of the mean of sedge, broadleaf and poaceae per m2, with respect to the untreated check. For the combination of halosulfuron-methyl and oxyfluorfen, 100% sedge control was achieved up to 90 days after application.

[0072] No visible phytotoxic effect on the pineapple crop was observed (scale value 1 on the EWRS scale). Nor were any side effects observed on other pests or organisms. Evaluations carried out in biomass of the pineapple demonstrated no selectivity issues either.

[0073] The application of SEMPRA 75 WG can thus be used in combination with any of diuron, hexazinone, oxyfluorfen and / or pendimethalin in the doses provided herein (e.g. 0.05 -0.10 kg / ha, for example between 0.075 - 0.1 kg / ha) for the control of sedges in pineapple crops, and for broad spectrum control of sedge, broadleaf and poaceae, applied once in the cycle, 7 days before transplanting the crop, with volumes of water of 2000 L / ha.

Claims

037412.00077CLAIMS1. A method for controlling undesired vegetative growth comprising applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl to soil before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof, into the soil.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant part is a crown, slips, suckers or pups.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil is susceptible to weeds selected from at least one of Cyperaceae, Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri. Ludwigia octavalvis, and Fimbistilis miliacea.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein Cyperaceae is selected from at least one of Cyperus luzulae. Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoralus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria.

5. The method of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the undesired vegetative growth are weeds selected from at least one of Cyperaceae, Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri, Ludwigia octavalvis, and Fimbistilis miliacea.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein Cyperaceae is selected from at least one of Cyperus luzulae, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria.

7. The method of any one of claims 1 -6, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is applied from 5 days to 10 days before transplanting a pineapple plant into the soil.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is applied 7 days before transplanting a pineapple plant into the soil.

9. The method any one of claims 1-8, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is halosulfuron-methyl is 37.5 g to 150 g / ha.

10. The method of any one of claims 1 -9, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is 50.0 g to 93.75 g / ha.

11. The method any one of claims 1-10, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is 56.25 g to 75 g / ha.

12. The method of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the method comprises applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl and one or more additional active ingredients to soil before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof into the soil.037412.00077 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the one or more additional active ingredients is oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, pendimethalin, or a combination thereof.

14. A method for controlling undesired vegetative growth comprising (i) applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl to soil; and (ii) transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof into the soil, wherein transplanting is done from 5 days to 10 days after applying the halosulfuron-methyl.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the plant part is a crown, slips, suckers or pups.

16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the soil is susceptible to weeds selected from at least one of Cyperaceae, Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri. Ludwigia octavalvis, and Fimbistilis miliacea.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein Cyperaceae is selected from at least one of Cyperus luzulae. Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoralus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria.

18. The method of any one of claims 14 or 15, wherein the undesired vegetative growth are weeds selected from at least one of Cyperaceae, Fimbristylis pauciflora, Phyllanthus niruri, Ludwigia octavalvis, and Fimbistilis miliacea.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein Cyperaceae is selected from at least one of Cyperus luzulae, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus iria.

20. The method of any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is applied from 5 days to 10 days before transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof, into the soil.

21. The method any one of claims 14 to 20, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is 37.5 g to 150 g / ha.

22. The method any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl is 56.25 g to 75 g / ha.

23. The method of any one of claims 14 to 22, wherein the method comprises (i) applying an effective amount of halosulfuron-methyl and one or more additional active ingredients to soil; and (ii) transplanting a pineapple plant or part thereof, into the soil, wherein planting or transplanting is done from 5 days to 10 days after applying the halosulfuron-methyl.037412.00077 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the one or more additional active ingredients is oxyfluorfen, hexazinone, diuron, pendimethalin, or a combination thereof.

25. A composition comprising halosulfuron-methyl and hexazinone.

26. A tank mix comprising halosulfuron-methyl and hexazinone.

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