Herbicide composition and weed control method

Abstract

Provided is an herbicide composition comprising pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt.

Description

Herbicidal Composition and Method for Controlling Weeds

[0001] The present invention relates to a herbicidal composition and a method for controlling weeds.

[0002] Currently, numerous herbicides are used for the purpose of controlling weeds, and 2,4-D and pyraflufen-ethyl are known as active ingredients of such herbicides, for example (see Non-Patent Document 1). A herbicidal composition containing pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D is also known (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-252709

[0004] J A Turner, "The Pesticide Manual", Twentieth Edition, British Crop Production Council, 2024, p.312-318, p1053-1055

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a herbicidal composition having an excellent control effect against weeds and a method for controlling weeds.

[0006] The present inventor found that combined use of pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt exerts an excellent control effect against weeds. The present invention includes the following aspects.

[0007] [1] A herbicidal composition comprising pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt. [2] The herbicidal composition according to [1], wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufen-ethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D trolamine salt is in the range of 1:1 to 1:100. [3] The herbicidal composition according to [1], wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufen-ethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D trolamine salt is in the range of 1:15 to 1:50. [4] A method for controlling weeds, comprising a step of applying pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt together or separately in any order. [5] The method according to [4], wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufen-ethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D trolamine salt is in the range of 1:1 to 1:100. [6] The method according to [4], wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufen-ethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D trolamine salt is in the range of 1:15 to 1:50.

[0008] This invention makes it possible to control weeds with high effectiveness.

[0009] The herbicide composition of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the "composition of the present invention") comprises pyraflufenethyl and a 2,4-D-trolamine salt.

[0010] Pyraflufen-ethyl is a compound described on page 1053 of The Pesticide Manual Twentieth Edition (hereinafter referred to as the Pesticide Manual), published by the British Crop Production Council (BCPC), and can be produced by known methods. Furthermore, 2,4-D-trolamine salt is a salt of 2,4-D described on page 304 of the Pesticide Manual, and is the compound described as "2,4-D-trolamine" on page 315 of the Pesticide Manual. 2,4-D-trolamine salt can be produced by known methods.

[0011] The compositions of the present invention are typically formulations prepared by mixing pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt with a carrier such as a solid carrier or a liquid carrier, and adding formulation aids such as surfactants as needed. Preferred dosage forms of such formulations are aqueous suspension concentrates, oil dispersions, wettable powders, water dispersible granules, granules, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, and emulsifiable concentrates. The total acid equivalent content of pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt in the compositions of the present invention is typically in the range of 0.01 to 99% by weight, preferably 1 to 80% by weight.

[0012] The weight ratio of pyraflufen ethyl to the acid equivalent of the 2,4-D-trolamine salt in the composition of the present invention is usually in the range of 1:1 to 1:100, and may be in the range of 1:1 to 1:50, 1:1 to 1:20, 1:5 to 1:100, 1:5 to 1:50, 1:5 to 1:20, 1:10 to 1:100, 1:10 to 1:50, 1:15 to 1:100, or 1:15 to 1:50.

[0013] Preferred weight ratios of pyraflufen ethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt in the compositions of the present invention include 1:1, 1:1.2, 1:1.5, 1:1.7, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:7, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:75, and 1:100.

[0014] Preferred weight ratios of pyraflufenethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt in the compositions of the present invention include 1:15, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:75, and 1:100.

[0015] The composition of the present invention is used to control weeds. The method of using the composition of the present invention is in accordance with the weed control method of the present invention described later. The composition of the present invention exhibits a synergistic weed control effect against a wide range of weeds, which is greater than what would be expected from the weed control effects of pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt used individually. It can effectively control a wide range of weeds in agricultural fields and vegetable fields where conventional tillage and no-till farming are practiced, as well as in orchards and non-agricultural lands, without causing phytotoxicity that would be problematic for useful plants.

[0016] The compositions of the present invention may further contain other pesticide active ingredients, such as insecticides, nematicides, and fungicides. Examples of such insecticides, nematicides, and fungicides include neonicotinoid compounds, diamide compounds, carbamate compounds, organophosphorus compounds, biological nematicides, and other insecticides, as well as azole compounds, strobilurin compounds, metalaxyl compounds, SDHI compounds, other fungicides, and plant growth regulators.

[0017] The weed control method of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the "method of the present invention") comprises a step of applying pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt together or separately in any order (hereinafter referred to as the "application step"). The application step is carried out in agricultural fields, vegetable fields, orchards, or non-agricultural land, and in the application step, pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied to areas where weeds are present or will be present. When pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied together, the composition of the present invention may be used, or a composition containing pyraflufen ethyl and a composition containing 2,4-D-trolamine salt may be used in combination. When pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied separately, the composition containing pyraflufen ethyl is applied first, followed by the composition containing 2,4-D-trolamine salt, or they are applied in the reverse order. Compositions containing pyraflufen ethyl and compositions containing 2,4-D-trolamine salt are typically formulations prepared by mixing pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt with carriers such as solid carriers and liquid carriers, respectively, and adding formulation aids such as surfactants as needed.

[0018] Methods for applying pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt include, for example, spraying pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt onto the soil (soil treatment) and spraying them onto weeds that have grown (foliar treatment). Soil treatment and foliar treatment are usually carried out by spraying a spray solution obtained by mixing the composition of the present invention with water onto the soil or weeds using a sprayer. The amount of spray solution is usually in the range of 50 to 1000 L / ha, and may be, for example, in the range of 100 to 500 L / ha or 140 to 300 L / ha. When pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are sprayed separately, the composition containing pyraflufenethyl and the composition containing 2,4-D-trolamine salt are sprayed respectively in accordance with the method for spraying the composition of the present invention.

[0019] The application rate of pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt is typically in the range of 1 to 10,000 g / ha, as the total amount of the acid equivalents of pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt, and may be, for example, in the range of 2 to 5,000 g / ha or 5 to 2,000 g / ha.

[0020] In the method of the present invention, the weight ratio of pyraflufen ethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt is usually in the range of 1:1 to 1:100, and may be in the range of 1:1 to 1:50, 1:1 to 1:20, 1:5 to 1:100, 1:5 to 1:50, 1:5 to 1:20, 1:10 to 1:100, 1:10 to 1:50, 1:15 to 1:100, or 1:15 to 1:50.

[0021] Preferred weight ratios of pyraflufen ethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt in the method of the present invention include 1:1, 1:1.2, 1:1.5, 1:1.7, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:7, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:75, and 1:100.

[0022] The spray solution used in the present invention may contain an adjuvant. The type of adjuvant is not particularly limited, and when an oil-based adjuvant such as Agri-Dex or MSO (Methylated Seed Oil, which is an esterified mineral oil or vegetable oil (such as soybean oil or rapeseed oil), including paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons) is included in the spray solution, the adjuvant concentration in the spray solution is 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, or 6% (volume / volume). When a nonionic adjuvant such as Induce (polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, alkylaryl alkoxylate, or alkylaryl polyoxyalkylene glycol) is included in the spray solution, the adjuvant concentration in the spray solution is 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25%, or 0.5% (volume / volume). Other adjuvants include, for example, anionic adjuvants such as Gramin S (substituted sulfonates), cationic adjuvants such as Genamin T 200BM (polyoxyethyleneamine), and organosilicon adjuvants such as Silwet L77. The spray solution sprayed in the method of the present invention may further contain a drift reducing agent such as Intact (polyethylene glycol).

[0023] The pH and hardness of the spray solution prepared in the present invention are not particularly limited, but the pH is usually in the range of 5 to 9, and the hardness is usually in the range of 0 to 500 ppm on the American hardness scale. The time of day for applying pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt is not particularly limited, but is usually between 5 a.m. and 9 p.m., the photon flux density at the application site is usually in the range of 10 to 2500 micromoles / m² / second, the temperature at the application site is usually in the range of 0 to 35 degrees Celsius, and the wind speed is usually 3 MPH or less. The spray pressure when applying pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 30 to 120 PSI, preferably in the range of 40 to 80 PSI.

[0024] Fields where the application process is carried out include peanut fields, soybean (infinite growth type, finite growth type, semi-finite growth type) fields, corn (horse-tooth, hard-grain, soft-grain, popping, glutinous, sweet, field corn) fields, wheat (bread wheat (hard, soft, medium, red wheat, white wheat), macaroni wheat, spelt wheat, club wheat, each in autumn-sown and spring-sown varieties) fields, barley (two-row barley (=malting barley), six-row barley, hulless barley, glutinous barley, each in autumn-sown and spring-sown varieties) fields, forage crop fields such as sorghum fields and oat fields, industrial crop fields such as cotton (upland, pima) fields, rapeseed fields, and canola (autumn-sown, spring-sown) fields, and sugar crop fields such as sugarcane fields and sugar beet fields.

[0025] The vegetable fields where the application process is carried out include fields where nightshade vegetables (eggplant, tomato, bell pepper, chili pepper, potato, etc.) are grown, fields where cucurbitaceous vegetables (cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, watermelon, melon, etc.) are grown, fields where cruciferous vegetables (radish, turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, mustard greens, broccoli, cauliflower, etc.) are grown, and fields where daisyaceous vegetables (burdock, garland chrysanthemum, artichoke) are grown. Examples of fields include those for cultivating yoke, lettuce, etc., lily family vegetables (leeks, onions, garlic, asparagus, etc.), parsley family vegetables (carrots, parsley, celery, angelica tree, etc.), amaranth family vegetables (spinach, Swiss chard, etc.), mint family vegetables (perilla, mint, basil, lavender, etc.), strawberry fields, sweet potato fields, yam fields, taro fields, etc.

[0026] Orchards where the application process is carried out include fruit orchards, tea plantations, mulberry orchards, coffee plantations, banana plantations, palm orchards, flowering tree orchards, flowering tree fields, nurseries, tree nurseries, forests, and gardens. Fruit trees include pome fruits (apples, European pears, Japanese pears, quince, cinnamon, etc.), drupes (peaches, plums, nectarines, apricots, prunes, etc.), citrus fruits (Satsuma mandarins, oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, etc.), nuts (chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pistachios, cashews, macadamia nuts, etc.), berries (grapes, blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, raspberries, etc.), persimmons, olives, loquats, etc.

[0027] Examples of non-agricultural land where the application process can be carried out include sports fields, vacant lots, railway tracks, parks, parking lots, roadsides, riverbanks, under power lines, residential areas, and factory sites.

[0028] The crops grown in the fields where the application process is carried out are not limited to any variety commonly cultivated as a crop.

[0029] The aforementioned varieties of plants may include plants that can be produced through natural crossbreeding, plants that can arise through spontaneous mutation, F1 hybrid plants, and transgenic plants (also known as genetically modified plants). These plants generally possess characteristics such as the conferral of herbicide resistance, the accumulation of toxic substances against pests, suppression of susceptibility to diseases, increased yield potential, improved resistance to biological and abiotic stressors, accumulation of substances, and improved storability and processability. In particular, examples of herbicide-resistant plants as defined in WO2024262450 include HT4 cotton, HT5 soybeans, and HT5 corn.

[0030] In the method of the present invention, the nozzle used when applying pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt may be a flat fan nozzle or a drift-reducing nozzle. Examples of flat fan nozzles include the Teejet 110 series and XR Teejet 110 series from Teejet. When these are used at a normal spray pressure, generally in the range of 30 to 120 PSI, the median diameter of the droplet discharged from the nozzle is usually less than 430 microns. A drift-reducing nozzle is a nozzle that reduces drift compared to a flat fan nozzle, and is called an air induction nozzle or pre-orifice nozzle. The median diameter of the droplet discharged from a drift-reducing nozzle is usually 430 microns or more.

[0031] When the method of the present invention is carried out in a field or other area where crops are cultivated, pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt may be applied before sowing the crop, or simultaneously with and / or after sowing the crop. That is, the number of times pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied is either once before sowing, simultaneously with sowing, or after sowing; twice excluding before sowing; twice excluding simultaneously with sowing; or three times, applied at all timings: before sowing, simultaneously with sowing, and after sowing.

[0032] When pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied before sowing crops, they are usually applied from 50 days before sowing until immediately before sowing, preferably from 30 days before sowing until immediately before sowing, more preferably from 20 days before sowing until immediately before sowing, and even more preferably from 10 days before sowing until immediately before sowing. When pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied after sowing crops, they are usually applied from immediately after sowing until before flowering, preferably from immediately after sowing until before budding, or during the 1 to 6 leaf stage of the crop. When pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied simultaneously with sowing crops, a machine that integrates a seeder and a sprayer is used.

[0033] As described above, methods for applying pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt include soil treatment, where pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied to soil where weeds are growing, and foliar treatment, where the salt is applied to weeds that have emerged and are growing. When pyraflufen ethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt are applied to growing weeds, the treatment may be a combination of foliar treatment and soil treatment. The timing of application can be determined independently of the crop growth stage described above; for example, foliar treatment may be performed on growing weeds before sowing the crop, or soil treatment may be performed during crop growth. These treatments may be applied uniformly to the land as a surface treatment or as spot treatments.

[0034] The present invention exhibits a synergistic herbicidal effect against a wide range of weeds, exceeding what would be expected from the herbicidal effects of using pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt individually. It can effectively control a wide range of weeds in agricultural fields, vegetable fields, orchards, and non-agricultural land where conventional tillage and no-till farming are practiced, without causing phytotoxicity that would be problematic for useful plants.

[0035] In the method of the present invention, other pesticide active ingredients may be used in combination, such as insecticides, nematicides, and fungicides. Examples of such insecticides, nematicides, and fungicides include neonicotinoid compounds, diamide compounds, carbamate compounds, organophosphorus compounds, biological nematicides, and other insecticides, as well as azole compounds, strobilurin compounds, metalaxyl compounds, SDHI compounds, other fungicides, and plant growth regulators.

[0036] The following are some examples of weeds that can be controlled by the composition or method of the present invention, but are not limited to these: Amaranthus thunbergii, water hemp, Kochia scoparia, ragweed, giant ragweed, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron philadelphicus, Erigeron strigosus, Ipomoea purpurea, Lathyrus crispus, Barnyard grass, and Setaria viridis.

[0037] The intraspecies variation of the above-mentioned weeds is not particularly limited. That is, it also includes those with reduced sensitivity (or resistance) to specific herbicides. Reduced sensitivity may be due to mutations at the target site (site of action mutations) or due to factors other than site of action mutations (non-site of action mutations). Site of action mutations include those in which amino acid substitutions occur in the target site protein due to mutations in the nucleic acid sequence portion (open reading frame) corresponding to the amino acid sequence of the protein, and those in which the target site protein is overexpressed due to mutations such as deletion of suppressor sequences in the promoter region, amplification of enhancer sequences, or increase in the copy number of the gene. Factors causing reduced sensitivity due to non-site of action mutations include increased metabolism, malabsorption, impaired transport, and excretion. Examples of factors that increase metabolism include increased activity of metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP), aryl acylamidase (AAA), esterase, and glutathione S transferase (GST). Excretion includes transport to vacuoles by ABC transporters.

[0038] In addition to pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt, herbicides that may be included in the composition of the present invention, or that may be used in combination with pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt in the method of the present invention, include, for example, the following herbicides. These can also be mixed into the composition of the present invention, which contains only pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt as active ingredients. Glyphosate potassium salt, glyphosate dimethylamine salt, glyphosate monoethanolamine salt, glufosinate ammonium salt, glyphosate isopropylammonium salt, diflufenican, limisoxafen, icaforin methyl, pyroxasulfone, dicamba diglycolamine salt, dicamba BAPMA salt, flumioxazine, cretodym, methoproxibicyclon, S-metrachlor, metrivudine, nicosulfuron, limosulfuron, acetochlor, mesotrione, isoxaflutol, chlorimulon ethyl, thifensulfuron methyl, chloransrum methyl, imazetapyrammonium salt.

[0039] In the present invention, the ratio of the herbicide that can be used in combination with pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt to pyraflufenethyl is usually in the range of 0.01 to 1000 parts by weight, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 300 parts by weight. Specific ratios include 1x, 2x, 4x, 10x, 20x, 40x, 100x, and 200x. In this specification, when the active ingredient of the herbicide is a salt (e.g., potassium glyphosate salt, glyphosate monoethanolamine salt), unless otherwise specified, its weight refers to the acid equivalent.

[0040] In the cultivation of crops according to this invention, plant nutritional management in general crop cultivation can be carried out. The fertilization system may be based on Precision Agriculture or a conventional uniform system. In addition, nitrogen-fixing bacteria or mycorrhizal fungi can be inoculated in combination with seed treatment.

[0041] The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0042] First, the evaluation criteria for herbicidal efficacy and phytotoxicity to crops shown in the following examples are presented. [Herbicidal effect and phytotoxicity to crops] The evaluation of herbicidal effect is divided into 0 to 100, where "0" is given when there is no or almost no difference in the germination or growth state of the test weeds at the time of investigation compared to that of the untreated group, and "100" is given when the test weeds are completely withered or their germination or growth is completely inhibited. The evaluation of phytotoxicity to crops is indicated by "None" when almost no phytotoxicity is observed, "Slight" when mild phytotoxicity is observed, "Moderate" when moderate phytotoxicity is observed, and "Severe" when severe phytotoxicity is observed.

[0043] Example 1 Weeds (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, Amaranthus tuberculatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia trifida, Erigeron canadensis, Chenopodium album, Bassia scoparia, Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli and Setaria viridis) are sown in plastic pots filled with soil. On the same day, 10 g / ha of pyraflufen-ethyl + 600, 900 or 1200 g / ha of 2,4-D trolamine salt (360, 540 and 720 g / ha as acid equivalent, respectively) is sprayed onto the soil surface at a spray volume of 200 L / ha. Thereafter, the plants are cultivated in a greenhouse, HT5 soybean is sown 7 days later, and the herbicidal effect on weeds and phytotoxicity to HT5 soybean are investigated 14 days after that. A synergistic weed control effect is confirmed by the combined use of pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt.

[0044] Example 2 Weeds (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, Amaranthus tuberculatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli and Setaria viridis) and soybean are sown in plastic pots filled with soil. On the same day, 25 g / ha of pyraflufen-ethyl + 600, 900 or 1200 g / ha (360, 540 and 720 g / ha as acid equivalent, respectively) of 2,4-D trolamine salt is sprayed onto the soil surface at a spray volume of 200 L / ha. Thereafter, the plants are cultivated in a greenhouse, the effect on weeds and phytotoxicity to HT5 soybean are investigated 21 days later. A synergistic weed control effect is confirmed by the combined use of pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt.

[0045] Example 3 Weeds (Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus tuberculatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia trifida, Erigeron canadensis, Chenopodium album, Kochia scoparia, Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli and Setaria viridis) and soybean are sown in plastic pots filled with soil. Thereafter, the plants are cultivated in a greenhouse, and 21 days after sowing, foliar treatment is performed with a spray volume of 200 L / ha using 10 g / ha of pyraflufen-ethyl plus 600, 900 or 1200 g / ha (360, 540, and 720 g / ha as acid equivalent, respectively) of 2,4-D trolamine salt. The plants are further cultivated in a greenhouse, and 14 days after the treatment, the effect on weeds and phytotoxicity to HT5 soybean are investigated. A synergistic weed control effect by the combined use of pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt is confirmed.

[0046] Examples 4 to 6 In each of Examples 1 to 3, the same procedure is carried out except that RoundupWeatherMax (glyphosate potassium salt 660 g / L, manufactured by Monsanto) is added to a spray liquid containing pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt such that the application rate is 2.338 L / ha (32 fluid ounces per acre).

[0047] Examples 7 to 9 In each of Examples 1 to 3, the same procedure is carried out except that ValorEZ (flumioxazin 480 g / L, manufactured by Valent USA LLC) is added to a spray liquid containing pyraflufen-ethyl and 2,4-D trolamine salt such that the application rate is 220 mL / ha (3 fluid ounces per acre).

[0048] Examples 10 to 18 In each of Examples 1 to 9, the same procedure is carried out except that HT5 soybean is replaced with HT5 corn or HT4 cotton.

[0049] According to the present invention, weeds can be controlled with high efficacy.

Claims

1. A herbicide composition comprising pyraflufenethyl and a 2,4-D-trolamine salt.

2. The herbicide composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufenethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt is in the range of 1:1 to 1:

100.

3. The herbicide composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufenethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt is in the range of 1:15 to 1:

50.

4. A method for controlling weeds, comprising the step of applying pyraflufenethyl and 2,4-D-trolamine salt together or separately in any order.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufenethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt is in the range of 1:1 to 1:

100.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of pyraflufenethyl to the acid equivalent of 2,4-D-trolamine salt is in the range of 1:15 to 1:50.