Dual-polarized antenna, array antenna and antenna system

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a dual-polarized antenna (10), an array antenna (20), and an antenna system. The dual-polarized antenna (10) comprises: a reflective ground plane (11), a balun structure (12), and a radiation structure (13). The balun structure (12) comprises a first signal line (122) and a first metal ground (123), and a second signal line (124) and a second metal ground (125), wherein an end of the first signal line (122) or the first metal ground (123) and an end of the second signal line (124) or the second metal ground (125) are distributed in a crossed manner. The radiation structure (13) comprises four radiation units (131) distributed periodically. The present disclosure simplifies the balun structure (12) by means of the arrangement of a single dielectric substrate, thereby achieving the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement. In addition, the arrangement of cross distribution ensures the dual-polarized radiation effect of the dual-polarized antenna (10).

Description

Dual-polarized antennas, array antennas and antenna systems Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a dual-polarized antenna, an array antenna, and an antenna system. Background Technology

[0002] As communications enter the 5G+ era, the requirements for communication antennas are becoming increasingly stringent, based on the dual-carbon objectives, and the need for high efficiency and environmental protection is becoming more and more urgent.

[0003] Taking a base station antenna as an example, it mainly includes a reflector ground, a balun structure erected on the reflector ground, and a radiating structure connected to the balun structure. To achieve the dual-polarization effect of the base station antenna, the balun structure includes two orthogonally arranged dielectric substrates and signal traces located on the surface of each dielectric substrate; the radiating structure includes two pairs of orthogonally distributed radiating patches. This ensures that the signal traces on each dielectric substrate can connect to the corresponding pair of radiating patches, thereby achieving the dual-polarization radiation effect of the base station antenna.

[0004] However, in response to the dual-carbon target, the aforementioned dual-polarized base station antennas are no longer sufficient to meet the requirements. Therefore, how to achieve high efficiency and environmental protection while ensuring the dual-polarized radiation effect has become an urgent problem to be solved for base station antennas.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a dual-polarized antenna, an array antenna, and an antenna system.

[0007] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a dual-polarized antenna is provided, comprising:

[0008] Reflective flooring;

[0009] A balun structure includes a first dielectric substrate erected on the reflective floor, a first signal line and a first metal ground disposed on the first dielectric substrate, and a second signal line and a second metal ground. The ends of the first signal line or the first metal ground that are away from the reflective floor are spaced apart from the ends of the second signal line or the second metal ground that are away from the reflective floor and are orthographically intersected.

[0010] The radiating structure is located on the side of the balun structure away from the reflective floor and includes four radiating units periodically distributed at 90 degrees. The first signal line and the first metal ground are respectively connected to two of the radiating units on one diagonal, and the second signal line and the second metal ground are respectively connected to two of the radiating units on the other diagonal.

[0011] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first signal line and the first metal ground form a first transmission path, and the second signal line and the second metal ground form a second transmission path.

[0012] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first signal line includes a first body portion and a first connecting segment connected across layers, the first metal ground includes a first metal layer and a second connecting segment connected across layers, and the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment are respectively connected to two radiating elements on a diagonal line;

[0013] The first body portion, the second metal ground and the second connection segment are all close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the second signal line, the first metal layer and the first connection segment are all close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0014] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the end of the first body portion away from the reflector and the end of the second signal line away from the reflector are arranged in a cross-projection configuration.

[0015] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first body portion has a first bend at the end away from the reflector, and the second signal line has a second bend at the end away from the reflector, both the first bend and the second bend being L-shaped.

[0016] The first metal layer has a first clearance area near the second signal line at the end away from the reflective floor, and the second metal layer has a second clearance area near the first body portion at the end away from the reflective floor. The corner of the first bend is located in the second clearance area, and the corner of the second bend is located in the first clearance area.

[0017] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first metal layer has a first extension at its end edge away from the reflector ground plane, and the second metal layer has a second extension at its end edge away from the reflector ground plane.

[0018] Both the first extension and the second extension are L-shaped, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in a cross-shaped structure with orthographic projection. The first extension is connected to the second connecting segment, and the second extension is connected to one of the radiation units.

[0019] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first body portion, the second metal ground and the second connecting segment are all located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the second signal line, the first metal layer and the first connecting segment are all located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0020] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the radiating structure includes a second dielectric substrate, and the four radiating elements are located on the second dielectric substrate;

[0021] One of the first signal line and the first metal ground, and one of the second signal line and the second metal ground, are close to the same side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and each has a first protrusion and a second protrusion extending out of the first dielectric substrate. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are located on different side surfaces of the second dielectric substrate and are distributed in an intersecting orthographic projection.

[0022] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first signal line and the second metal ground are close to a first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the first metal ground and the second signal line are close to a second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0023] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first signal line has the first extension and the second metallic ground has the second extension; or, the first metallic ground has the first extension and the second signal line has the second extension.

[0024] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first signal line and the second signal line are close to a first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the first metal ground and the second metal ground are close to a second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0025] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first signal line has the first extension portion, and the second signal line has the second extension portion.

[0026] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first metallic ground has a third protrusion, and the second metallic ground has a fourth protrusion;

[0027] The third and fourth protrusions are arranged in parallel on the same side surface of the second dielectric substrate and are respectively connected to two adjacent radiating units.

[0028] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the first metallic ground has the first protrusion, and the second metallic ground has the second protrusion.

[0029] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the end of the first signal line near the reflector is located on a first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the end of the second signal line near the reflector is located on a second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0030] The balun structure further includes a first feed section and a first ground section. The first feed section is located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate and does not overlap with the first metal ground. The first feed section is connected to the end of the first signal line near the reflective ground plane.

[0031] The first ground segment is located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate and does not overlap with the first signal line. The first ground segment is connected to the end of the first metal ground near the reflective floor.

[0032] According to any of the dual-polarized antennas described in this disclosure, the end edge of the first ground segment away from the reflector has a first notch, and the edge of the first metal ground near the reflector and the first notch form a third clearance area.

[0033] The end of the first signal line near the reflector and the end of the first feed segment away from the reflector are connected in the third clearance area.

[0034] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an array antenna is provided, comprising a plurality of antenna elements arranged in an array, wherein at least one of the plurality of antenna elements is a dual-polarized antenna as described in the preceding aspect.

[0035] According to any of the array antennas described in this disclosure, each of the plurality of antenna elements is a dual-polarized antenna as described in one aspect above;

[0036] The plane containing the first dielectric substrate of each antenna element is parallel to the row or column direction.

[0037] According to any of the array antennas described in this disclosure, the plurality of antenna elements include at least a first antenna element and a second antenna element, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element operate at different frequencies.

[0038] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an antenna system is provided, including the dual-polarized antenna described in one aspect above, or the array antenna described in one aspect above.

[0039] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0041] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 2 illustrates a front view of a dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 3 illustrates a rear view of a dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 4 illustrates a top view of a dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0045] Figure 5 illustrates a top view of a balun structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 6 illustrates a main perspective view of a balun structure provided in this disclosure.

[0047] Figure 7 illustrates a rear-view schematic diagram of another balun structure provided in this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of the axonal structure of a balun structure provided in this disclosure.

[0049] Figure 9 illustrates an axonal structural diagram of another balun structure provided in this disclosure.

[0050] Figure 10 illustrates a rear view of a balun structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 11 illustrates a front view of a balun structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 12 illustrates a front view of another balun structure provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 13 illustrates a rear view of another balun structure provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 14 illustrates a top-view structural diagram of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 15 illustrates a top view of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure 16 illustrates a bottom view of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Figure 17 illustrates a rear view schematic diagram of another balun structure provided in this disclosure.

[0058] Figure 18 illustrates a top view of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Figure 19 illustrates the standing wave ratio (SWR) curve of a dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0060] Figure 20 illustrates the isolation curve of a dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0061] Figure 21 illustrates the standing wave ratio (SWR) curve of another dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] Figure 22 illustrates the isolation curve of another dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] Figure 23 illustrates the standing wave ratio (SWR) curve of yet another dual-polarized antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0064] Figure 24 illustrates the isolation curve of another dual-polarized antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0065] Figure 25 illustrates the standing wave ratio (SWR) of another dual-polarized antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0066] Figure 26 illustrates the isolation curve of another dual-polarized antenna provided in this disclosure.

[0067] Figure 27 illustrates a top view of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0068] Figure 28 illustrates a top view of another array antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0069] Figure 29 illustrates a front view of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0070] Figure 30 illustrates a side view of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0071] Figure 31 illustrates a front view of another array antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0072] Figure 32 illustrates a side view of another array antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0073] Figure 33 illustrates a front view of an array antenna as shown in Figure 27, provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0074] Figure 34 illustrates the standing wave curve of the dual-polarized antenna shown in Figure 33.

[0075] Figure 35 illustrates a front view of another array antenna shown in Figure 27 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 36 illustrates the standing wave curve of the dual-polarized antenna shown in Figure 35.

[0077] Reference numerals: 10, Dual-polarized antenna; 20, Array antenna; 11, Reflector ground plane; 12, Balun structure; 13, Radiation structure; 14, Feed line; 121, First dielectric substrate; 122, First signal line; 123, First metal ground; 124, Second signal line; 125, Second metal ground; 126, First feed section; 127, First ground section; 128, Second feed section; 129, Second ground section; 1221, First body section; 1222, First connecting section; 1223, First bend; 1224, First extension; 1231, First metal layer; 1232, Second connecting section; 1233, First clearance area; 1234, First extension; 1235, Third extension; 1241, Second bend; 1242, Second extension; 1243, Second body section; 1251, Second avoidance zone; 1252, Second extension; 1253, Fourth extension; 1254, Second metal layer; 131, Radiation element; 132, Second dielectric substrate; 21, Antenna element; 211, First antenna element; 212, Second antenna element; 213, Third antenna element. Detailed Implementation

[0078] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0079] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0080] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” “the,” and “at least one” are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion and to mean that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used only as markers and are not a limitation on the number of objects.

[0081] Figure 1 illustrates an axial view of a dual-polarized antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 illustrates a front view of a dual-polarized antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 3 illustrates a rear view of a dual-polarized antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The dual-polarized antenna 10 can be a base station antenna, etc. As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the dual-polarized antenna 10 includes: a reflector ground plane 11, a balun structure 12, and a radiating structure 13. The balun structure 12 includes a first signal line 122 and a first metal ground plane 123 erected on the reflector ground plane 11, as well as a second signal line 124 and a second metal ground plane 125. The radiating structure 13 is located on the side of the balun structure 12 away from the reflector ground plane 11 and includes four radiating elements 131 periodically distributed at 90 degrees. The first signal line 122 and the first metal ground plane 123 are respectively connected to two radiating elements 131 on one diagonal, and the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground plane 125 are respectively connected to two radiating elements 131 on the other diagonal.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123 constitute a first transmission path. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123 are opposite to each other and spaced apart to form a gap between the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123, thereby forming the first transmission path. The second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 constitute a second transmission path. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 are opposite to each other and spaced apart to form a gap between the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125, thereby forming the second transmission path.

[0083] The main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123 refer to the portions on the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123 where an equivalent capacitance can be formed. The main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 refer to the portions on the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 where an equivalent capacitance can be formed.

[0084] The first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 are used to connect the two feeder lines 14 respectively, and the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 are used to connect to the grounding insulation wires of the two feeder lines 14 respectively, so as to transmit the radio frequency signals fed into the two feeder lines 14 through the first transmission path and the second transmission path respectively, thereby ensuring that the two sets of radiating units 131 (two radiating units 131 on the diagonal form a set) can radiate dual-polarized electromagnetic waves.

[0085] Among them, the equivalent path lengths of the first signal line 122, the second signal line 124, the first metal ground 123, and the second metal ground 125 are close to ensure that the paths of the two radio frequency signals to the two sets of radiating elements 131 are consistent, thereby ensuring the isolation effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10 and effectively ensuring the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0086] The dual-polarized electromagnetic waves radiated by the two sets of radiating elements 131 can be radiated by one set of radiating elements 131 radiating electromagnetic waves with a polarization of +45 degrees and the other set radiating elements 131 radiating electromagnetic waves with a polarization of -45 degrees; or one set of radiating elements 131 radiating vertically polarized electromagnetic waves and the other set radiating horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves, etc. The radiating element 131 can be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) antenna structure or a patch antenna structure, etc. Taking the patch antenna structure as an example, as shown in Figure 4, the radiating element 131 can be a rectangular ring structure, and the two corners of the rectangular ring perpendicular to the diagonal have chamfers.

[0087] In some embodiments, the reflective floor 11 includes a third dielectric substrate and a metal reflective layer disposed on the third dielectric substrate.

[0088] The third dielectric substrate can be a commonly used PCB substrate such as a polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber substrate, a phenolic paper layer substrate, or a phenolic glass cloth layer substrate, or it can be a rigid material such as quartz or glass with low microwave loss. Furthermore, the third dielectric substrate can be a single-layer board structure or a multi-layer composite board structure.

[0089] The metal reflective layer can be located on the surface of the third dielectric substrate near the balun structure 12, or on the surface of the third dielectric substrate away from the balun structure 12. The metal reflective layer can be made of low-resistance, low-loss metals such as copper, gold, or silver. When the metal reflective layer is located on the surface of the third dielectric substrate, it can be fabricated using methods such as magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, or electroplating. Alternatively, the metal reflective layer can be directly fabricated on the third dielectric substrate, i.e., the metal reflective layer is fabricated using the third dielectric substrate as a carrier to obtain the reflective floor 11; alternatively, a carrier film (such as a plastic film or conductive film) can be used as a carrier to fabricate the metal reflective layer, and then the carrier film is bonded to the third dielectric substrate using an adhesive to obtain the reflective floor 11 including the metal reflective layer.

[0090] In related technologies, the balun structure 12 includes two orthogonally arranged dielectric substrates. A first signal line 122 and a first metal ground 123 are disposed on both sides of one dielectric substrate, while a second signal line 124 and a second metal ground 125 are disposed on both sides of the other dielectric substrate. This ensures that the ends of the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123 that are away from the reflector 11, as well as the ends of the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 that are away from the reflector 11, are all distributed along the diagonal of the four radiating elements 131. Thus, after the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 are each connected to a radiating element 131, the dual-polarized radiation performance of the dual-polarized antenna 10 is guaranteed.

[0091] If the balun structure 12 includes only one dielectric substrate, since the dielectric substrate is a flat structure, taking a long rectangular plate as an example, the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 are all extended along the length direction of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123 are located on one side of the first dielectric substrate 121 in the width direction, while the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 are located on the other side of the first dielectric substrate 121 in the width direction. Thus, after the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 are respectively connected to the radiating unit 131, the two radiating units 131 connected to the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123, as well as the two radiating units 131 connected to the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125, are all arranged adjacent to each other in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121. As a result, the four radiating units 131 cannot achieve the radiation of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves, that is, the dual-polarized radiation effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10 cannot be guaranteed.

[0092] In this embodiment of the disclosure, as shown in FIG5, the balun structure 12 includes a first dielectric substrate 121 erected on a reflective floor 11, a first signal line 122 and a first metal ground 123, and a second signal line 124 and a second metal ground 125 both disposed on the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0093] The ends of the first signal line 122 or the first metal ground 123 that are away from the reflective floor 11 are spaced apart from the ends of the second signal line 124 or the second metal ground 125 that are away from the reflective floor 11 and are orthographically intersected.

[0094] For example, as shown in Figure 6, the ends of the first metal ground 123 away from the reflective floor 11 and the ends of the second metal ground 125 away from the reflective floor 11 are distributed in a cross-projection configuration. As shown in Figure 7, the ends of the first signal line 122 away from the reflective floor 11 and the ends of the second signal line 124 away from the reflective floor 11 are distributed in a cross-projection configuration.

[0095] Thus, by using the first dielectric substrate 121 to support the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125, the balun structure 12 is simplified, thereby simplifying the structure of the dual-polarized antenna 10, achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and effectively meeting the requirements of high efficiency and environmental protection; at the same time, based on the ends of the first signal line 122 or the first metal ground 123 that are away from the reflector 11, and the ends of the second signal line 124 or the second metal ground 125 that are away from the reflector 11, they are spaced apart and orthographically intersected, so as to ensure that the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123 are respectively connected to two radiating elements 131 on a diagonal, the second... Signal line 124 and second metal ground 125 are respectively connected to two radiating elements 131 on the other diagonal, thereby ensuring that the four radiating elements 131 radiate dual-polarized electromagnetic waves, that is, ensuring the dual-polarized radiation effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10, and ensuring the consistency of the paths of the two radio frequency signals to the two sets of radiating elements 131, thereby ensuring the isolation effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10; in addition, based on the cross-distribution design, the winding design of at least two of the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 is avoided, which makes it easier to shorten the height of the first dielectric substrate 121, thereby achieving the low profile effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0096] The first dielectric substrate 121 can be a commonly used PCB substrate such as a polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber substrate, a phenolic paper layer substrate, or a phenolic glass cloth layer substrate, or it can be a rigid material such as quartz or glass with low microwave loss. The third dielectric substrate can be a single-layer board structure or a multi-layer composite board structure. Taking a multi-layer PCB substrate as an example, the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123, as well as the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125, are respectively disposed on both sides of the first dielectric substrate 121; or the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123, as well as the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125, are all spaced apart within the inner layers of the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0097] The main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123 are disposed opposite to each other and spaced apart in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121. That is, there is an interlayer (insulating film layer) between the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123 to ensure that the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the first metal ground 123 can form an equivalent capacitance, thereby forming a first transmission path. The main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 are disposed opposite to each other and spaced apart in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121. That is, there is an interlayer (insulating film layer) between the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 to ensure that the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 can form an equivalent capacitance, thereby forming a second transmission path.

[0098] Furthermore, taking the ends of the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 that are away from the reflective ground plane 11 as examples, the orthographic projection of the end of the first signal line 122 that is away from the reflective ground plane 11 is the projection along the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121 onto one side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121. The orthographic projection of the end of the second signal line 124 that is away from the reflective ground plane 11 is the projection along the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121 onto one side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121. There is a gap between the ends of the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 that are away from the reflective ground plane 11. There is an overlapping area between the middle part of the orthographic projection of the end of the first signal line 122 that is away from the reflective ground plane 11 and the middle part of the orthographic projection of the end of the second signal line 124 that is away from the reflective ground plane 11.

[0099] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG6 or FIG7, the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 are all disposed on the first dielectric substrate 121 to form a structure with orthographic projection and cross distribution on the first dielectric substrate 121; or as shown in FIG8 or FIG9, a portion of the first signal line 122 and / or the first metal ground 123, and a portion of the second signal line 124 and / or the second metal ground 125 extend out of the first dielectric substrate 121 to form a structure with orthographic projection and cross distribution based on the extended portions.

[0100] In the first case, as shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7, the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 are all disposed on the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0101] This simplifies the wiring configuration of the balun structure 12 and facilitates the connection of the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 included in the balun structure 12 to the radiating element 131, thereby improving the production efficiency of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0102] The main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second signal line 124 may be close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the first metal ground 123 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 may be close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121; or the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 may be close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the first metal ground 123 may be close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0103] When the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second signal line 124 are close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the first metal ground 123 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 are close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 can be located on different structural layers on the first dielectric substrate 121. The ends of the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 that are away from the reflective ground 11 are adjusted to achieve a cross-design between the ends of the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 that are away from the reflective ground 11. Then, the first adapter piece is connected to the first signal line 122, and the second adapter piece is connected to the second signal line 124, thus achieving the connection between the first adapter piece, the first metal ground 123, and the diagonally opposite layers. Two radiating units 131, a second adapter plate, and a second metal ground 125 are connected to two radiating units 131 on the other diagonal. Alternatively, the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 can be located on different structural layers on the first dielectric substrate 121, and the ends of the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 away from the reflective ground 11 can be adjusted to achieve a cross design between the ends of the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 away from the reflective ground 11. Then, the first signal line 122 and the third adapter plate are connected to the first metal ground 123, and the second signal line 124 and the fourth adapter plate are connected to the second metal ground 125, thereby connecting the first signal line 122, the third adapter plate to two radiating units 131 on one diagonal, and the second signal line 124 and the fourth adapter plate to two radiating units 131 on the other diagonal.

[0104] When the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 are close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the second signal line 124 and the main body of the first metal ground 123 are close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, one approach is to refer to the above description, that is, the first signal line 122 and the second metal ground 125, which are close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, are located on different structural layers on the first dielectric substrate 121, and the ends of the first signal line 122 and the second metal ground 125 that are far from the reflective ground 11 are adjusted. This can be achieved by intersecting the ends of the first signal line 122 away from the reflective ground 11 and the ends of the second metal ground 125 away from the reflective ground 11; or by adjusting the ends of the second signal line 124 and the first metal ground 123 on the first dielectric substrate 121, which are located on different structural layers on the first dielectric substrate 121, and adjusting the ends of the second signal line 124 and the first metal ground 123 away from the reflective ground 11 to achieve the intersection design of the ends of the second signal line 124 and the first metal ground 123 away from the reflective ground 11.

[0105] Another approach involves adjusting the ends of the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 that are furthest from the reflective floor 11, creating a crossover design between these ends. Simultaneously, the ends of the first metal ground 123 or the second metal ground 125 that are furthest from the reflective floor 11 are adjusted to connect the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123 to two radiating units 131 on one diagonal, and the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 to two radiating units 131 on the other diagonal. Alternatively, adjust the ends of the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 that are away from the reflective floor 11 to achieve a cross-design between the ends of the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 that are away from the reflective floor 11. At the same time, adjust the ends of the first signal line 122 or the second signal line 124 that are away from the reflective floor 11 to achieve a connection between the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123 and two radiation units 131 on one diagonal, and between the second signal line 124, the second metal ground 125 and two radiation units 131 on the other diagonal.

[0106] This can be achieved by adjusting the ends of the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123 that are away from the reflective floor 11 across layers (i.e., adjusting the connection of the metal vias in different film layers), and adjusting the ends of the second signal line 124 or the second metal ground 125 that are away from the reflective floor 11 within the same layer. Alternatively, it can be achieved by adjusting the ends of the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 that are away from the reflective floor 11 across layers, and adjusting the ends of the first signal line 122 or the first metal ground 123 that are away from the reflective floor 11 within the same layer.

[0107] Taking the cross-layer adjustment of the end of the first signal line 122 away from the reflective ground plane 11 and the end of the first metal ground plane 123 away from the reflective ground plane 11 as an example, as shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7, the first signal line 122 includes a first body portion 1221 (i.e., the main body portion of the first signal line 122) and a first connecting segment 1222 that are connected across layers (i.e., connected through metal vias). The first metal ground plane 123 includes a first metal layer 1231 (i.e., the main body portion of the first metal ground plane 123) and a second connecting segment 1232 that are connected across layers. The first connecting segment 1222 and the second connecting segment 1232 are respectively connected to two patches on a diagonal line. The first body portion 1221, the second metal ground plane 125 and the second connecting segment 1232 are all close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the second signal line 124, the first metal layer 1231 and the first connecting segment 1222 are all close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0108] In this way, the end of the first signal line 122 away from the reflective ground 11 (i.e., the first connecting segment 1222) and the second signal line 124 can be close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the end of the first metal ground 123 away from the reflective ground 11 (i.e., the second connecting segment 1232) and the second metal ground 125 can be close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 7, 10 and 11, the end of the second signal line 124 away from the reflective floor 11 is adjusted within the layer so that the end of the first body part 1221 away from the reflective floor 11 and the end of the second signal line 124 away from the reflective floor 11 are distributed in a cross-projection pattern.

[0110] In this configuration, the end of the first body portion 1221 that is away from the reflector 11 extends to a position close to the second metal ground 125 and is connected to the first connecting segment 1222 through a metal via. The end of the second signal line 124 that is away from the reflector 11 extends to a position close to the first metal ground 123, thereby connecting to two radiating elements 131 on one diagonal through the first connecting segment 1222 and the second connecting segment 1232. The second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 are connected to two radiating elements 131 on the other diagonal, ensuring the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave radiation of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0111] As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the end of the first body portion 1221 away from the reflective floor 11 has a first bend 1223, and the end of the second signal line 124 away from the reflective floor 11 has a second bend 1241. The first bend 1223 and the second bend 1241 are arranged in a cross-shaped distribution with orthographic projection. For example, both the first bend 1223 and the second bend 1241 are straight structures, or as shown in Figures 10 and 11, both the first bend 1223 and the second bend 1241 are L-shaped structures.

[0112] When both the first bending portion 1223 and the second bending portion 1241 are L-shaped structures, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the end of the first metal layer 1231 away from the reflective floor 11 has a first clearance area 1233 near the second signal line 124, and the end of the second metal ground 125 away from the reflective floor 11 has a second clearance area 1251 near the first body portion 1221. The corner of the first bending portion 1223 is located in the second clearance area 1251, and the corner of the second bending portion 1241 is located in the first clearance area 1233.

[0113] Thus, by setting the first avoidance area 1233 and the second avoidance area 1251, the size of the balun structure 12 can be effectively reduced while avoiding interference between the first bend 1223 and the second metal ground 125, as well as interference between the second bend 1241 and the first metal layer 1231, thereby ensuring the isolation effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10 and the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0114] In this configuration, the first bent portion 1223 (i.e., the end of the first body portion 1221 away from the reflective ground plane 11) is spaced apart from the second metal ground plane 125, and the first connecting segment 1222 and the second metal ground plane 125 do not overlap in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121; the second bent portion 1241 (i.e., the end of the second signal line 124 away from the reflective ground plane 11) is spaced apart from the first metal layer 1231, and the second connecting end and the second bent portion 1241 do not overlap in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121. This effectively ensures the isolation of the two radio frequency signals fed along the balun structure 12 during transmission, thereby guaranteeing the antenna performance of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0115] In other embodiments, as shown in Figures 6, 12 and 13, the end of the second metal ground 125 away from the reflective floor 11 is adjusted within the layer so that the end of the first metal layer 1231 away from the reflective floor 11 and the end of the second metal ground 125 away from the reflective floor 11 are distributed in a cross-projection pattern.

[0116] Specifically, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, the end edge of the first metal layer 1231 away from the reflective floor 11 has a first extension 1234 of the same layer, and the end edge of the second metal layer 125 away from the reflective floor 11 has a second extension 1252 of the same layer. The first extension 1234 and the second extension 1252 are arranged in a cross-distribution structure with orthographic projection.

[0117] The first extension 1234 of the upper edge of the first metal layer 1231 extends to a position close to the second metal ground 125 and is connected to the second connection end through a metal via. The second extension 1252 of the upper edge of the second metal ground 125 extends to a position close to the first body part 1221, thereby connecting to two radiating units 131 on a diagonal through the first connecting segment 1222 and the second connecting segment 1232. The second signal line 124 and the second extension 1252 are connected to two radiating units 131 on the other diagonal, ensuring the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave radiation of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0118] The first extension 1234 and the second extension 1252 are both linear structures, or, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, both are L-shaped structures. Furthermore, the first extension 1234 is spaced apart from the second signal line 124, and the second connecting segment 1232 and the second signal line 124 do not overlap in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121; the second extension 1252 is spaced apart from the first body portion 1221, and the second extension 1252 and the first connecting segment 1222 do not overlap in the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 121. This effectively ensures the isolation of the two radio frequency signals fed along the balun structure 12 during transmission, thereby guaranteeing the antenna performance of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0119] In the second case, a portion of the first signal line 122 and / or the first metal ground 123, and a portion of the second signal line 124 and / or the second metal ground 125, both extend out of the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0120] As shown in Figure 14, the radiating structure 13 includes a second dielectric substrate 132, on which four radiating elements 131 are located. The protruding portions of the first signal line 122 and / or the first metal ground 123 extending out of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the protruding portions of the second signal line 124 and / or the second metal ground 125 extending out of the first dielectric substrate 121, are all disposed on the second dielectric substrate 132. This ensures the load-bearing capacity of the protruding portions, guarantees the structural stability of the dual-polarized antenna 10, and facilitates connection with the radiating elements 131.

[0121] In some embodiments, one of the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123, and one of the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 are close to the same side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and each has a first protrusion 1224 and a second protrusion 1242 extending out of the first dielectric substrate 121. As shown in FIG14, FIG15 and FIG16, the first protrusion 1224 and the second protrusion 1242 are located on different side surfaces of the second dielectric substrate 132, and are distributed crosswise by orthographic projection.

[0122] In this way, the first protrusion 1224 and the second protrusion 1242 can form a cross-distributed orthographic projection structure on the second dielectric substrate 132. At the same time, based on the connection of the first protrusion 1224 and the second protrusion 1242, the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123 and the two radiating units 131 on one diagonal are connected, and the second signal line 124, the second metal ground 125 and the two radiating units 131 on the other diagonal are connected, thereby ensuring the radiation of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the case of a single dielectric substrate.

[0123] In this configuration, the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second signal line 124 may be close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the first metal ground 123 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 may be close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121. For example, the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second signal line 124 may be located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the first metal ground 123 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 may be located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121. Alternatively, the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 may be close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the first metal ground 123 and the main body of the second signal line 124 may be close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121. For example, the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 may be located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the first metal ground 123 and the main body of the second signal line 124 may be located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0124] When the main body portion of the first signal line 122 and the main body portion of the second signal line 124 are close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body portion of the first metal ground 123 and the main body portion of the second metal ground 125 are close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, the first signal line 122 may have a first protrusion 1224, and the second signal line 124 may have a second protrusion 1242. As shown in Figures 8, 14, and 17, the first signal line 122 includes a first body portion 1221 (i.e., the main body portion of the first signal line 122) located on the first dielectric substrate 121 and a first protrusion 1224 located on the second dielectric substrate 122. The second signal line 124 includes a first body portion 1221 located on the first dielectric substrate 121 and a first protrusion 1224 located on the second dielectric substrate 122. The second body portion 1243 (i.e., the main body portion of the second signal line 124) on the first dielectric substrate 121 and the second protrusion portion 1242 located on the second dielectric substrate 132; alternatively, the first metal ground 123 may have a first protrusion portion 1224 and the second metal ground 125 may have a second protrusion portion 1242, i.e., the first metal ground 123 may include a first metal layer 1231 (i.e., the main body portion of the first metal ground 123) located on the first dielectric substrate 121 and a first protrusion portion 1224 located on the second dielectric substrate 132, and the second metal ground 125 may include a second metal layer 1254 (i.e., the main body portion of the second metal ground 125) located on the first dielectric substrate 121 and a second protrusion portion 1242 located on the second dielectric substrate 132.

[0125] Wherein, when the first signal line 122 has a first protrusion 1224 and the second signal line 124 has a second protrusion 1242, as shown in Figures 9 and 18, the first metal ground 123 has a third protrusion 1235 and the second metal ground 125 has a fourth protrusion 1253; the third protrusion 1235 and the fourth protrusion 1253 are arranged in parallel on the same side surface of the second dielectric substrate 132 and are respectively connected to two adjacent radiating units 131; when the first metal ground 123 has a first protrusion 1224 and the second metal ground 125 has a second protrusion 1242, the first signal line 122 has a third protrusion 1235 and the second signal line 124 has a fourth protrusion 1253; the third protrusion 1235 and the fourth protrusion 1253 are arranged in parallel on the same side surface of the second dielectric substrate 132 and are respectively connected to two adjacent radiating units 131.

[0126] In this way, the arrangement of the third extension 1235 and the fourth extension 1253 can ensure that the effective path lengths of the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 are close or even the same, so as to ensure that the two radio frequency signals can reach their respective connected radiation units 131 at the same time, and ensure the synchronization of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the four radiation units 131.

[0127] When the main body of the first signal line 122 and the main body of the second metal ground 125 are close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, and the main body of the first metal ground 123 and the main body of the second signal line 124 are close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, the first signal line 122 may have a first protrusion 1224, and the second metal ground 125 may have a second protrusion 1242. That is, the first signal line 122 includes a first body portion 1221 (i.e., the main body of the first signal line 122) located on the first dielectric substrate 121 and a first protrusion 1224 located on the second dielectric substrate 122, and the second metal ground 125 includes a second metal ground 124 located on the first dielectric substrate 121. The first metal ground 123 has a first metal layer 1231 (i.e., the main body of the second metal ground 125) and a second extension 1242 located on the second dielectric substrate 132; alternatively, the first metal ground 123 may have a first extension 1224 and the second signal line 124 may have a second extension 1242. That is, the first metal ground 123 includes a first metal layer 1231 (i.e., the main body of the first metal ground 123) located on the first dielectric substrate 121 and a first extension 1224 located on the second dielectric substrate 132, and the second signal line 124 includes a second body portion 1243 (i.e., the main body of the second signal line 124) located on the first dielectric substrate 121 and a second extension 1242 located on the second dielectric substrate 132.

[0128] Specifically, when the first signal line 122 has a first protrusion 1224 and the second metal ground 125 has a second protrusion 1242, the first metal ground 123 has a third protrusion 1235 and the second signal line 124 has a fourth protrusion 1253. The third protrusion 1235 and the fourth protrusion 1253 are arranged in parallel on the same side surface of the second dielectric substrate 132 and are respectively connected to two adjacent radiating units 131. When the first metal ground 123 has a first protrusion 1224 and the second signal line 124 has a second protrusion 1242, the first signal line 122 has a third protrusion 1235 and the second metal ground 125 has a fourth protrusion 1253. The third protrusion 1235 and the fourth protrusion 1253 are arranged in parallel on the same side surface of the second dielectric substrate 132 and are respectively connected to two adjacent radiating units 131.

[0129] In this way, the arrangement of the third extension 1235 and the fourth extension 1253 can ensure that the effective path lengths of the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124, and the second metal ground 125 are close or even the same, so as to ensure that the two radio frequency signals can reach their respective connected radiation units 131 at the same time, and ensure the synchronization of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the four radiation units 131.

[0130] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the ends of the first signal line 122 near the reflector 11 and the ends of the second signal line 124 near the reflector 11 can be fed by the feed line 14, or by the waveguide network, power divider network, etc.

[0131] When both the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 are powered through the feeder lines 14, the connection methods of the two feeder lines 14 to the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 respectively can refer to the above description. In this case, the two feeder lines 14 can be connected to the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 on different sides of the first dielectric substrate 121, or they can be connected to the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 on the same side of the first dielectric substrate 121. When the two feeder lines 14 are located on the same side of the first dielectric substrate 121, the two feeder lines 14 can be arranged in parallel, thereby simplifying the fixing of the two feeder lines 14.

[0132] In conjunction with the above, the ends of the first signal line 122 near the reflective ground plane 11 and the ends of the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground plane 11 can be located on the same side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121 or on different side surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 121.

[0133] When the ends of the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground 11 are located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, the ends of the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 near the reflective ground 11 are located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121. At this time, two feed lines 14 can be provided on the side of the first dielectric substrate 121 near the second side surface, and clearance holes can be provided at the ends of the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 near the reflective ground 11. The cores of the two feed lines 14 pass through the corresponding clearance holes and are connected to the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 respectively. The grounding insulation wires of the two feed lines 14 are connected to the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125 respectively.

[0134] When the ends of the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground plane 11 are located on different side surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 121, taking the example where the end of the first signal line 122 near the reflective ground plane 11 is located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121 and the end of the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground plane 11 is located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, the end of the first signal line 122 near the reflective ground plane 11 can be adjusted, and the end of the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground plane 11 can also be adjusted. The following explanation will use the adjustment of the end of the first signal line 122 near the reflective ground plane 11 as an example, and the method for adjusting the end of the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground plane 11 can be referred to the method for adjusting the first signal line 122.

[0135] As shown in Figures 7, 10, and 11, the balun structure 12 further includes a first feed section 126 and a first ground section 127. The first feed section 126 is located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121 and does not overlap with the first metal ground 123. The first feed section 126 is connected to the end of the first signal line 122 near the reflective ground plane 11. The first ground section 127 is located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121 and does not overlap with the first signal line 122. The first ground section 127 is connected to the end of the first metal ground 123 near the reflective ground plane 11.

[0136] Thus, by configuring the first feed section 126, the ends of the first feed section 126 and the second signal line 124 near the reflector 11 are located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121, while the ends of the first ground section 127 and the second metal ground 125 near the reflector 11 are located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121. Two feed lines 14 can then be configured on the side of the first dielectric substrate 121 near the first side surface, and clearance holes can be provided at the ends of the first ground section 127 and the second metal ground 125 near the reflector 11. The cores of the two feed lines 14 pass through the corresponding clearance holes and connect to the first feed section 126 and the second signal line 124 respectively. The grounding insulation wires of the two feed lines 14 are connected to the first ground section 127 and the second metal ground 125 respectively.

[0137] Since the width of the first metal ground 123 is greater than the width of the first signal line 122, and the width of the first grounding section 127 is greater than the width of the first feed section 126, in order to ensure the cross-layer connection between the first metal ground 123 and the first grounding section 127, and at the same time ensure the cross-layer connection between the first signal line 122 and the first feed section 126, a third clearance area can be formed by the end edge of the first metal ground 123 near the reflector 11 and the end edge of the first grounding section 127 away from the reflector 11. The end of the first signal line 122 near the reflector 11 and the end of the first feed section 126 away from the reflector 11 are connected in the third clearance area to ensure the insulation between the first signal line 122 and the first metal ground 123.

[0138] For example, the first grounding segment 127 may have a first notch at its end edge away from the reflective floor 11, and the edge of the first metal ground 123 near the reflective floor 11 and the first notch on the first grounding segment 127 may form a third clearance area; or the first metal ground 123 may have a first notch at its end edge near the reflective floor 11, and the edge of the first grounding segment 127 away from the reflective floor 11 and the first notch on the first metal ground 123 may form a third clearance area.

[0139] For example, regarding the adjustment of the end of the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground plane 11, as shown in Figures 6, 12, and 13, the balun structure 12 further includes a second feed section 128 and a second ground section 129. The second feed section 128 is located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121 and does not overlap with the second metal ground plane 125. The second feed section 128 is connected to the end of the second signal line 124 near the reflective ground plane 11. The second ground section 129 is located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate 121 and does not overlap with the second signal line 124. The second ground section 129 is connected to the end of the second metal ground plane 125 near the reflective ground plane 11.

[0140] Example 1, taking the dual-polarized antenna 10 shown in Figures 1 and 6 as an example, the operating frequency band of the dual-polarized antenna 10 is 690MHz-960MHz. The first dielectric substrate 121 of the balun structure 12 is a PCB substrate, model Arlon AD300A, with a relative permittivity ε. r =3.0, loss tangent tanσ=0.002, length, width and thickness are 90 mm, 22 mm and 1.016 mm respectively, the first signal line 122, the first metal ground 123, the second signal line 124 and the second metal ground 125 are all made of 35 micrometer thick copper; the length and width of the reflector 11 are 0.6λ1~0.9λ1 and the thickness is 2 mm, the length and width of the radiating element 131 are 0.25λ1~0.5λ1 and the thickness is 1.016 mm, λ1 refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center operating frequency of the dual-polarized antenna 10, and the distance between the reflector 11 and the radiating structure 13 is 0.15λ1~0.35λ1.

[0141] Simulation tests were performed on the dual-polarized antenna 10, yielding the standing wave ratio (SWR) curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 19, and the isolation curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 20. Referring to Figure 19, the SWR of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is less than 1.4. Referring to Figure 20, the isolation of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is less than 30 dB. Furthermore, based on the simulation test radiation patterns, the gain of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is approximately 8 dB to 8.3 dB, and the bandwidth is approximately 76 degrees to 78 degrees. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna 10, based on a monolithic dielectric substrate design, improves antenna performance while simultaneously reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0142] Example 2, taking the dual-polarized antenna 10 shown in Figures 1 and 7 as an example, the difference between this dual-polarized antenna 10 and the dual-polarized antenna 10 in Example 1 is that in Example 1, a structure with orthographic projection cross distribution is formed on the first dielectric substrate 121 through the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125, while in Example 2, a structure with orthographic projection cross distribution is formed on the first dielectric substrate 121 through the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124.

[0143] Simulation tests were performed on the dual-polarized antenna 10, yielding the standing wave ratio (SWR) curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 21, and the isolation curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 22. Figure 21 shows that the SWR of the dual-polarized antenna 10 is less than 1.4 in the operating frequency band. Figure 22 shows that the isolation of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is less than 29 dB. Furthermore, the simulation results indicate that the gain of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is approximately 8 dB to 8.4 dB, and the bandwidth is approximately 76 to 78 degrees. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna 10, based on a monolithic dielectric substrate design, improves antenna performance while simultaneously reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0144] Example 3, taking the dual-polarized antenna 10 shown in Figures 1 and 8 as an example, differs from the dual-polarized antenna 10 in Example 1 only in that, in Example 1, a cross-distributed orthographic projection structure is formed on the first dielectric substrate 121 by the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124, while in Example 3, a cross-distributed orthographic projection structure is formed on the second dielectric substrate 132 of the radiating structure 13 by the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124.

[0145] Simulation tests were performed on the dual-polarized antenna 10, yielding the standing wave ratio (SWR) curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 23, and the isolation curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 24. Figure 23 shows that the SWR of the dual-polarized antenna 10 is less than 1.4 in the operating frequency band. Figure 24 shows that the isolation of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is less than 23 dB. Furthermore, the simulation results indicate that the gain of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is approximately 7.9 dB to 8.4 dB, and the bandwidth is approximately 77 degrees to 79 degrees. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna 10, based on a monolithic dielectric substrate design, improves antenna performance while simultaneously reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0146] Example 4, taking the dual-polarized antenna 10 shown in Figures 1 and 9 as an example, differs from the dual-polarized antenna 10 in Example 3 only in that, in Example 3, a cross-distributed orthographic projection structure is formed on the second dielectric substrate 132 of the radiating structure 13 through the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124, while in Example 4, not only is a cross-distributed orthographic projection structure formed on the second dielectric substrate 132 of the radiating structure 13 through the first signal line 122 and the second signal line 124, but the corresponding radiating element 131 is also connected through the parallel extensions of the first metal ground 123 and the second metal ground 125. This facilitates ensuring the consistency of the paths when the first signal line 122, the second signal line 124, the first metal ground 123, and the second metal ground 125 are fed into their respective corresponding radiating elements 131. It also facilitates ensuring that the equivalent lengths of the first signal line 122, the second signal line 124, the first metal ground 123, and the second metal ground 125 fed into their respective corresponding radiating elements 131 are consistent, thereby improving the standing wave ratio and overall performance of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0147] Simulation tests were performed on the dual-polarized antenna 10, yielding the standing wave ratio (SWR) curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 25, and the isolation curves of the two RF signals as shown in Figure 26. Referring to Figure 25, the SWR of the dual-polarized antenna 10 is less than 1.4 in the operating frequency band. Referring to Figure 26, the isolation of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is less than 22 dB. Furthermore, based on the simulation test radiation patterns, the gain of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is approximately 7.9 dB to 8.4 dB, and the bandwidth is approximately 77 degrees to 79 degrees. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna 10, based on a monolithic dielectric substrate design, improves antenna performance while simultaneously reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0148] This disclosure also provides an array antenna 20, which can be a base station antenna or the like. As shown in FIG27, the array antenna 20 includes a plurality of antenna elements 21 arranged in an array, and at least one of the plurality of antenna elements 21 is the dual-polarized antenna 10 described in the above embodiments.

[0149] Thus, based on the dual-polarized antenna 10 described above, it is easy to ensure the antenna performance of the array antenna 20 while achieving high efficiency and environmental protection, and at the same time, it is easy to achieve the low profile effect of the array antenna 20.

[0150] The spacing between two adjacent antenna elements 21 with the same operating frequency can be 0.4λ2 to 0.9λ2, where λ2 refers to the center operating frequency of the antenna element 21.

[0151] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, each of the plurality of antenna elements 21 is a dual-polarized antenna 10 as described in the above embodiments.

[0152] The array antenna 20 can be constructed by splicing together multiple antenna elements 21, or it can be assembled based on an integrated reflector ground 11.

[0153] In addition, for the first dielectric substrate 121 included in each of the multiple antenna elements 21, the planes in which the first dielectric substrates 121 included in the multiple antenna elements 21 in the column direction are located are parallel to each other. For example, the planes in which the first dielectric substrates 121 included in the multiple antenna elements 21 are all parallel to the column direction, or perpendicular to the column direction. Alternatively, the planes in which the first dielectric substrates 121 included in at least two antenna elements 21 in the column direction are intersecting (e.g., perpendicular). For example, in the multiple antenna elements 21 in the column direction, there is a plane in which the first dielectric substrate 121 of one antenna element 21 is parallel to the column direction, and there is a plane in which the first dielectric substrate 121 of another antenna element 21 is perpendicular to the column direction.

[0154] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG28, the plurality of antenna elements 21 include at least a first antenna element 211 and a second antenna element 212, wherein the first antenna element 211 and the second antenna element 212 operate at different frequencies. In this way, the multi-frequency communication effect of the array antenna 20 is achieved by using the first antenna element 211 and the second antenna element 212 with different operating frequencies.

[0155] The multiple first antenna elements 211 and multiple second antenna elements 212 are arranged in an array, and the multiple first antenna elements 211 and multiple second antenna elements 212 can be designed with gaps to reduce the overall size of the array antenna 20. In addition, the spacing between two adjacent first antenna elements 211 and the spacing between two adjacent second antenna elements 212 can be set with reference to the above description, that is, the spacing between antenna elements 21 of the same frequency is 0.4λ2 to 0.9λ2.

[0156] For example, as shown in Figure 29 or Figure 30, the plurality of antenna elements 21 include a first antenna element 211 and a second antenna element 212 with different operating frequencies. The structures of the first antenna element 211 and the second antenna element 212 can both refer to the dual-polarized antenna 10 described above, differing only in structural parameters, to ensure that the first antenna element 211 and the second antenna element 212 operate at different frequencies. The operating frequencies of the first antenna element 211 and the second antenna element 212 can be any two of the following: 690MHz-960MHz, 1427MHz-2690MHz, 3300MHz-3600MHz, and 4800MHz-5000MHz.

[0157] For example, as shown in Figure 31 or Figure 32, the multiple antenna elements 21 include a first antenna element 211, a second antenna element 212, and a third antenna element 213 with different operating frequencies. The structures of the first antenna element 211, the second antenna element 212, and the third antenna element 213 can all refer to the dual-polarized antenna 10 described above, differing only in structural parameters, etc., to ensure that the operating frequencies of the first antenna element 211, the second antenna element 212, and the third antenna element 213 are all different. The operating frequencies of the first antenna element 211, the second antenna element 212, and the third antenna element 213 can be any three of the following: 690MHz-960MHz, 1427MHz-2690MHz, 3300MHz-3600MHz, and 4800MHz-5000MHz.

[0158] Example 5: The array antenna 20 shown in Figure 33 includes three antenna elements 21 arranged at intervals with the same frequency. All three antenna elements 21 are dual-polarized antennas 10 as shown in Example 1 above, and the plane of the first dielectric substrate 121 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the antenna elements 21. Simulation testing of this array antenna 20 yields the standing wave ratio (SWR) curves of the six RF signals shown in Figure 34. Referring to Figure 34, it can be seen that the SWR of the array antenna 20 in the operating frequency band is less than 1.4. Furthermore, based on the simulation test radiation pattern, the gain of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is approximately 11.9 dB to 13.2 dB, and the bandwidth is approximately 20 degrees to 30 degrees.

[0159] Example 6: The array antenna 20 shown in Figure 35 includes three antenna elements 21 arranged at intervals with the same frequency. All three antenna elements 21 are dual-polarized antennas 10 as shown in Example 1 above, and the plane of the first dielectric substrate 121 is parallel and perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the antenna elements 21. Simulation testing of this array antenna 20 yields the standing wave ratio (SWR) curves of the six RF signals shown in Figure 36. Referring to Figure 36, it can be seen that the SWR of the array antenna 20 in the operating frequency band is less than 1.4. Furthermore, based on the simulation test radiation pattern, the gain of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the operating frequency band is approximately 11.9 dB to 13.3 dB, and the bandwidth is approximately 22 degrees to 30 degrees.

[0160] This disclosure also provides an antenna system, which may be a base station system or the like. The antenna system includes the dual-polarized antenna 10 described in the above embodiments or the array antenna 20 described in the above embodiments.

[0161] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized antenna, wherein, include: Reflective flooring; A balun structure includes a first dielectric substrate erected on the reflective floor, a first signal line and a first metal ground disposed on the first dielectric substrate, and a second signal line and a second metal ground. The ends of the first signal line or the first metal ground that are away from the reflective floor are spaced apart from the ends of the second signal line or the second metal ground that are away from the reflective floor and are orthographically intersected. The radiating structure is located on the side of the balun structure away from the reflective floor and includes four radiating units periodically distributed at 90 degrees. The first signal line and the first metal ground are respectively connected to two of the radiating units on one diagonal, and the second signal line and the second metal ground are respectively connected to two of the radiating units on the other diagonal.

2. The dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 1, wherein, The first signal line and the first metal ground form a first transmission path, and the second signal line and the second metal ground form a second transmission path.

3. The dual polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first signal line includes a first body portion and a first connecting segment that are connected across layers, and the first metal ground includes a first metal layer and a second connecting segment that are connected across layers. The first connecting segment and the second connecting segment are respectively connected to two of the radiating units on a diagonal line. The first body portion, the second metal ground and the second connection segment are all close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the second signal line, the first metal layer and the first connection segment are all close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

4. The dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 3, wherein, The ends of the first body portion away from the reflective floor and the ends of the second signal line away from the reflective floor are arranged in a cross-projection pattern.

5. The dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 4, wherein, The first body portion has a first bend at the end away from the reflective floor, and the second signal line has a second bend at the end away from the reflective floor. Both the first bend and the second bend are L-shaped. The first metal layer has a first clearance area near the second signal line at the end away from the reflective floor, and the second metal layer has a second clearance area near the first body portion at the end away from the reflective floor. The corner of the first bend is located in the second clearance area, and the corner of the second bend is located in the first clearance area.

6. The dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 3, wherein, The first metal layer has a first extension at its end edge away from the reflective floor, and the second metal layer has a second extension at its end edge away from the reflective floor. Both the first extension and the second extension are L-shaped, and the first extension and the second extension are arranged in a cross-shaped structure with orthographic projection. The first extension is connected to the second connecting segment, and the second extension is connected to one of the radiation units.

7. The dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 3, wherein, The first body portion, the second metal ground and the second connection segment are all located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the second signal line, the first metal layer and the first connection segment are all located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

8. The dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 1, wherein, The radiating structure includes a second dielectric substrate, and the four radiating units are located on the second dielectric substrate; One of the first signal line and the first metal ground, and one of the second signal line and the second metal ground, are close to the same side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and each has a first protrusion and a second protrusion extending out of the first dielectric substrate. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are located on different side surfaces of the second dielectric substrate and are distributed in an intersecting orthographic projection.

9. The dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 8, wherein, The first signal line and the second metal ground are close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the first metal ground and the second signal line are close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

10. The dual-polarized antenna as claimed in claim 9, wherein, The first signal line has the first protrusion, and the second metal ground has the second protrusion; or, the first metal ground has the first protrusion, and the second signal line has the second protrusion.

11. The dual-polarized antenna as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The first signal line and the second signal line are close to the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the first metal ground and the second metal ground are close to the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate.

12. The dual-polarized antenna as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The first signal line has the first protrusion, and the second signal line has the second protrusion.

13. The dual-polarized antenna as claimed in claim 12, wherein, The first metal ground has a third protrusion, and the second metal ground has a fourth protrusion; The third protrusion and the fourth protrusion are arranged in parallel on the same side surface of the second dielectric substrate and are respectively connected to two adjacent radiating units.

14. The dual-polarized antenna as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The first metal ground has the first protrusion, and the second metal ground has the second protrusion.

15. The dual-polarized antenna as described in any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The end of the first signal line near the reflective ground plane is located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the end of the second signal line near the reflective ground plane is located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate. The balun structure further includes a first feed section and a first ground section. The first feed section is located on the second side surface of the first dielectric substrate and does not overlap with the first metal ground. The first feed section is connected to the end of the first signal line near the reflective ground plane. The first ground segment is located on the first side surface of the first dielectric substrate and does not overlap with the first signal line. The first ground segment is connected to the end of the first metal ground near the reflective floor.

16. The dual-polarized antenna as claimed in claim 15, wherein, The first grounding segment has a first notch at its end edge away from the reflective floor, and the first metal ground edge near the reflective floor and the first notch form a third clearance zone. The end of the first signal line near the reflector and the end of the first feed segment away from the reflector are connected in the third clearance area.

17. An array antenna, wherein, It includes a plurality of antenna elements arranged in an array, wherein at least one of the plurality of antenna elements is a dual-polarized antenna as described in any one of claims 1-16.

18. The array antenna of claim 17, wherein, All of the antenna elements are dual-polarized antennas as described in any one of claims 1-16; The plane containing the first dielectric substrate of the plurality of antenna elements in the column direction is either parallel or perpendicular to the column direction.

19. The array antenna as claimed in claim 17 or 18, wherein, The plurality of antenna elements includes at least a first antenna element and a second antenna element, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element operate at different frequencies.

20. An antenna system, wherein, This includes the dual-polarized antenna as described in any one of claims 1-16, or the array antenna as described in any one of claims 17-19.

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