Anti-corner spalling segment, segment ring, and manufacturing method

Abstract

An anti-corner spalling segment, a segment ring, and a manufacturing method. The anti-corner spalling segment (1) comprises a fiber-concrete structure body (11), a skeleton body (12), a protective member (13), and connecting members (14); the skeleton body is arranged in the fiber-concrete structure body; the connecting members are arranged on the protective member; the protective member is connected to the skeleton body; the connecting members are embedded in the fiber-concrete structure body; the protective member is located at a corner of the fiber-concrete structure body and is used for avoiding corner spalling. The present segment can be prefabricated in a factory for rapid construction on site, and solve the problem that corner damage, cracking and spalling of segments frequently occur in construction of shield-driven tunnels. The overall stability of the present segment ring can be better improved. The present manufacturing method can scientifically guide people in producing new segments, thereby ensuring the manufacturing quality of the new segments.

Description

Anti-collapse corner pipe segment, pipe segment ring and manufacturing method TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of pipe segments, and particularly relates to an anti-collapse corner pipe segment, a pipe segment ring and a manufacturing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shield tunneling is commonly used in underground engineering such as subway tunnels, intercity railway tunnels and highway tunnels, and is a tunnel structure constructed by a shield machine in a fully mechanized manner. Unlike traditional mine tunneling, shield tunneling does not require blasting and manual excavation, but uses a cutting device to excavate the soil. In addition, shield tunneling uses a construction method of "excavating while assembling pipe segments" to form a stable tunnel structure, eliminating the need for multiple processes such as initial lining, setting up forms, tying steel bars and pouring secondary lining in mine tunneling, making the construction process more efficient and safe.

[0003] Although shield tunneling has the advantages of high construction efficiency and safety, pipe segment corner damage, cracking and chipping often occur during on-site assembly. The main reason for pipe segment corner damage is that in the design process, the pipe segments are tightly attached to each other, and only a few millimeters of gap is usually reserved at the corner of the pipe segment joint. However, during pipe segment assembly, there are several influencing factors:

[0004] (1) Pipe segment manufacturing error; errors during precast in the pipe segment factory can cause changes in pipe segment size and shape;

[0005] (2) Shield machine excavation and assembly error; the assembly machine inside the shield machine has assembly errors due to instrument accuracy, and the shield machine may experience sinking or floating in the stratum during excavation, and the shield shell may experience slight deformation under external "water and soil pressure", causing the shield machine to experience elliptical deformation, further increasing the error of the assembly system;

[0006] (3) Tunnel displacement and deformation; during pipe segment assembly and after assembly is complete, slight displacement and deformation may occur under the action of its own gravity and external forces;

[0007] (4) Micro-deformation caused by pipe segment thermal expansion and contraction;

[0008] Under the influence of the above four factors, the gap between the pipe segments tends to decrease during pipe segment ring assembly and formation, and after the gap disappears, knocking, friction, stress concentration and other situations occur at the pipe segment corners, causing the concrete structure of the pipe segment corners to be damaged, cracked and chipped. Pipe segment corner damage, cracking and chipping can result in damage to the appearance of the pipe segment made of concrete (affecting aesthetics), and in severe cases, can result in partial structural damage, joint waterproof system damage, reduced load-bearing capacity, and more serious accidents.

[0009] Currently, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of tunnel segment with anti-collapse features to address the common problems of corner damage, cracking, and spalling that occur during shield tunnel construction. There is also a lack of a new type of tunnel segment ring with anti-collapse features to better improve the overall stability of the segment ring; and a lack of a manufacturing method for anti-collapse tunnel segments to scientifically guide the production of this new type of segment and ensure its quality.

[0010] Therefore, a new technology is needed to address the lack of a new type of segment with anti-splitting corner in existing technologies; a new technology is needed to address the lack of a new type of segment ring with anti-splitting corner in existing technologies; and a new technology is needed to address the lack of a manufacturing method for anti-splitting corner segments in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a segment with anti-collapse feature, which can solve the problems of corner damage, cracking, and chipping that often occur in segments during shield tunnel construction.

[0012] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0013] A corner-splitting anti-splitting segment includes a fiber-reinforced concrete structure, a skeleton, a protective member, and a connector; the skeleton is disposed in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure; the connector is disposed on the protective member, the protective member is connected to the skeleton, the connector is embedded in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure, and the protective member is located at the corner of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure to prevent corner splitting.

[0014] Furthermore, the fiber-reinforced concrete structure is an arc-shaped structure; the fiber-reinforced concrete structure is cast using fiber-reinforced concrete; the fiber-reinforced concrete includes steel fibers and concrete, with the steel fibers added to the concrete, and the steel fibers being long, straight steel fibers with a circular cross-section.

[0015] Furthermore, in the fiber-reinforced concrete per unit volume, the volume of the steel fibers accounts for 1.0% to 1.5% of the total volume.

[0016] Furthermore, the steel fiber has a length of 20mm to 50mm, a diameter of 0.3mm to 0.75mm, and an aspect ratio of 30 to 80.

[0017] Furthermore, one end of the connector is connected to one surface of the protective component. There is a connection point at the connection position between the connector and the protective component. After the connector and the protective component are both installed on the fiber concrete structure, the normal of the fiber concrete structure at the connection point forms a set angle with the central axis of the connector; the angle is 0° to 45°.

[0018] Furthermore, the skeleton body includes the main steel bars of the segment and the corner steel bars of the segment; the main steel bars of the segment and the corner steel bars of the segment are connected together; the main steel bars of the segment and the corner steel bars of the segment are both arranged in the fiber concrete structure; the protective member is connected to the corner steel bars of the segment, and the connecting member is staggered from the corner steel bars of the segment and embedded in the fiber concrete structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the protective component is a quadrilateral steel plate; the yield strength of the protective component is at least 235 MPa; and the thickness of the protective component is at least 10 mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the connector is a stud; the diameter of the connector is at least 10 mm.

[0021] Another objective of this invention is to provide a segment ring to better improve the overall stability of the segment ring.

[0022] A segment ring is composed of several segments, and the segment ring includes at least one segment with a type of anti-splitting angle as described above.

[0023] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for manufacturing anti-scratching pipe segments, so as to scientifically guide people in producing new types of pipe segments and ensure the manufacturing quality of new pipe segments.

[0024] A method for manufacturing anti-corner-splitting pipe segments, used to manufacture the aforementioned anti-corner-splitting pipe segments, includes the following manufacturing steps:

[0025] S1. Fabricate the skeleton;

[0026] Fabricate the protective component and weld the connecting component onto the protective component;

[0027] Production of fiber-reinforced concrete;

[0028] S2. Weld the protective component to the corner steel bars of the tube segment of the frame body and fix them together;

[0029] S3. Install the combined structure formed by the skeleton, the protective component, and the connecting component into the segment mold;

[0030] S4. The prepared fiber concrete is poured into the segment mold to fully bond the fiber concrete with the skeleton, the protective component, and the connector; wherein, after the fiber concrete solidifies, the fiber concrete structure is formed.

[0031] S5. Maintenance.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] This invention provides a corner-splitting anti-splitting pipe segment that can be prefabricated in a factory for rapid on-site construction. The segment's protective components are connected to the fiber-reinforced concrete structure via connectors, and are also connected to the frame, exhibiting high connection strength and forming a cohesive load-bearing component. After the segment is manufactured, the protective components are located at the corners of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure, protecting these corners and preventing damage, cracking, or chipping even if the corners are bumped during construction. The segment's main body is a fiber-reinforced concrete structure (cast from fiber-reinforced concrete), possessing higher tensile strength, toughness, and impact resistance, resulting in superior load-bearing performance when coordinated with the corner protective components.

[0034] The protective component of this invention is preferably made of steel plate. During protection, the high toughness of steel plate can be fully utilized to protect the corners of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure. Furthermore, the preference for steel plate in the protective component allows for subsequent processing and modification of the tunnel. For example, after the tunnel segments are assembled, if necessary, the protective components of adjacent segments in the segment ring can be welded together to improve the overall integrity of the tunnel and the sealing of the joints. Alternatively, additional structures can be welded to the protective component to expand the auxiliary functions of the segment ring. When the protective component is preferably made of steel plate, steel structure processing can be performed directly on the protective component, making the addition of structures convenient and quick.

[0035] The present invention provides a segment ring with anti-chipping segments, which can effectively avoid corner damage, cracking and piece loss caused by factors such as bumps during the assembly and forming process of the segment ring, improve the forming quality of the segment ring, help ensure the waterproof and load-bearing capacity of the joints between segments in the segment ring, and improve the overall stability of the segment ring.

[0036] The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing anti-scratching pipe segments, which is specifically designed for new types of pipe segments. It can scientifically guide people in the production of new types of pipe segments and ensure the manufacturing quality of new types of pipe segments. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The technology of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic elevation view of the first embodiment of the novel segment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is a partial schematic diagram of the new type of tube segment in Figure 1 at the corner;

[0040] Figure 3 is a bottom view of Figure 1;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the protective component in Figure 3;

[0042] Figure 5 is the right view of Figure 4;

[0043] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4 at point VV;

[0044] Figure 7 is a diagram (elevation view) showing the connection relationship between the skeleton and the protective components in Figure 1;

[0045] Figure 8 is a magnified view of the corner of Figure 7;

[0046] Figure 9 is a bottom view of the arrangement of the skeleton in Figure 1;

[0047] Figure 10 is a schematic elevation view of the second embodiment of the novel tube segment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 is a magnified view of a portion of the corner of Figure 10;

[0049] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the recessed part representing the hidden protective component in Figure 10;

[0050] Figure 13 is a bottom view of Figure 10;

[0051] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the protective component in Figure 13;

[0052] Figure 15 is the right view of Figure 14;

[0053] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 14 at point VV;

[0054] Figure 17 is a diagram (elevation view) showing the connection relationship between the skeleton and the protective components in Figure 10.

[0055] Figure 18 is a bottom view of the arrangement of the skeleton in Figure 10;

[0056] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the segment ring of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the segment ring of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the segment ring of the present invention.

[0059] Reference numerals: 1-Segment; 11-Fiber reinforced concrete structure; 111-Bolt hole; 112-Bolt hand hole; 113-Groove; 114-Grouting / lifting hole; E-Normal; Y-Edge; 12-Frame; 13-Protective component; Q-Central axis; R-Long side; T-Length; X-Exposed surface; Z-Width; 14-Connector; F-Central axis; G-Angle; H-Angle; K-Distance; L-Distance; M-Joint edge; N-Width direction; W- Width: P - Gap; J - Length; U - Section line symbol; V - Sectional view symbol; 2 - Main reinforcement of the segment; 21 - Longitudinal arc reinforcement; 22 - Stirrup; 3 - Corner reinforcement of the segment; 31 - Lap joint; 4 - Segment ring; 51 - Standard segment; 52 - Adjacent segment; 53 - Top segment; 61 - Standard segment; 62 - Adjacent segment; 63 - Top segment; 71 - Standard segment; 72 - Adjacent segment; 73 - Top segment. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The same reference numerals used throughout the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0061] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of "up," "down," "left," and "right" used in this invention are only relative to the relative positional relationships of the various components of the invention in the accompanying drawings.

[0062] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), a corner-splitting anti-splitting segment 1 includes a fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11, a skeleton 12, a protective member 13, and a connector 14; the skeleton 12 is disposed in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11; the connector 14 is disposed on the protective member 13, the protective member 13 is connected to the skeleton 12, the connector 14 is embedded in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11, and the protective member 13 is located at the corner of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 to prevent corner splitting.

[0063] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 is an arc-shaped structure; the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 is cast using fiber-reinforced concrete; the fiber-reinforced concrete includes steel fibers and concrete, with the steel fibers added to the concrete, and the steel fibers being long, straight steel fibers with a circular cross-section. The concrete strength grade is C45 to C55.

[0064] In one embodiment, the volume of the steel fibers in a unit volume of the fiber-reinforced concrete accounts for 1.0% to 1.5% of the total volume (i.e., the steel fiber volume fraction is 1.0% to 1.5%).

[0065] In one embodiment, the steel fiber has a length of 20mm to 50mm, a diameter of 0.3mm to 0.75mm, and an aspect ratio of 30 to 80. For example, if the steel fiber is 30mm long, 0.4mm in diameter, and has an aspect ratio of 75, it meets the usage requirements; if the steel fiber is 40mm long, 0.6mm in diameter, and has an aspect ratio of 66.7, it meets the usage requirements; however, if the steel fiber is 50mm long, 0.5mm in diameter, and has an aspect ratio of 100 (exceeding the 30-80 range), it does not meet the usage requirements. The pipe segment of this invention is made of fiber-reinforced concrete, which, compared with traditional pipe segments, has higher tensile strength, toughness, and impact strength, and can better maintain its integrity under impact and collision.

[0066] Referring to Figures 10 to 18, in one embodiment, one end of the connector 14 is connected to a surface of the protective member 13. A connection point is provided at the connection location between the connector 14 and the protective member 13. After both the connector 14 and the protective member 13 are installed on the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11, the normal E of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 at the connection point forms a predetermined angle G with the central axis F of the connector 14; the angle G is 0° to 45°. The angle H between the connector 14 and the protective member 13 can be adjusted beforehand according to the actual curvature of the precast segment to ensure better connection performance between the connector 14 and the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 after the segment is manufactured. Referring to Figure 11, the sum of angle G and angle H is 90°.

[0067] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the skeleton 12 includes segment main reinforcement 2 and segment corner reinforcement 3; the segment main reinforcement 2 and the segment corner reinforcement 3 are connected together; the segment main reinforcement 2 and the segment corner reinforcement 3 are both disposed in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11; the protective member 13 is connected to the segment corner reinforcement 3, and the connector 14 is disposed offset from the segment corner reinforcement 3 and embedded in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11.

[0068] Preferably, the connector 14 is also offset from the main steel reinforcement 2 of the pipe segment.

[0069] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), preferably, the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 further includes bolt holes 111 and bolt hand holes 112, and the connector 14 is offset from the bolt holes 111 and the bolt hand holes 112. Specifically, the connector 14 is offset from the bolt holes 111 and maintains a distance K of at least 50 mm from the bolt holes 111.

[0070] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), preferably, after the "connector 14 and the protective member 13" are combined with the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11, the distance between the connector 14 and the edge M of the joint of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 is not less than 50mm (50mm can be used).

[0071] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), preferably, the protective member 13 is positioned offset from the bolt hand hole 112 and maintains a distance L of at least 100 mm from the bolt hand hole 112.

[0072] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the corner steel bars 3 of the segment are uniformly arranged at several locations along the width direction N of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11. In this embodiment, the corner steel bars 3 are arranged at four or six locations.

[0073] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the protective component 13 is welded to the corner reinforcement 3 of the pipe segment. The welding is a full weld, and the weld grade is Class I. After welding, Class II flaw detection is used to verify the weld quality. Before welding the protective component 13 to the corner reinforcement 3 of the pipe segment, a gap P of 10mm must be maintained between the protective component 13 and the corner reinforcement 3 of the pipe segment to stabilize the position of the protective component 13 and ensure the quality of the welding.

[0074] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the main steel reinforcement 2 of the segment is composed of a plurality of longitudinal arc-shaped steel bars 21 and a plurality of stirrups 22; the corner steel reinforcement 3 of the segment is arranged only at both ends of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11, and the corner steel reinforcement 3 of the segment has an overlap portion 31 connected to the protective member 13; preferably, the corner steel reinforcement 3 of the segment is formed by bending steel bars and has an overlap portion 31.

[0075] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the protective member 13 is a quadrilateral steel plate; the yield strength of the protective member 13 is at least 235 MPa; and the thickness of the protective member 13 is at least 10 mm. In this embodiment, the protective member 13 is made of Q235B steel. Preferably, a plurality of connecting members 14 are uniformly arranged on the protective member 13, and the connecting members 14 are all arranged on the central axis Q of the protective member 13, which is parallel to the long side R of the protective member 13.

[0076] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the length T of the protective member 13 is consistent with the width W of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11; the protective member 13 is fixed in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11, and the exposed surface X of the protective member 13 is flush with the edge Y of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11.

[0077] The dimensions of the protective component 13 can be adjusted according to the actual situation. In one embodiment, the thickness of the protective component 13 is preferably 10mm, the width Z is 90mm, and the length T is consistent with the width W of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11.

[0078] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the connector 14 is a stud; preferably, the stud is a grade 6.8 steel bolt. The connector 14 has a diameter of at least 10 mm and a length J of at least 80 mm.

[0079] Referring to FIG12, in one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 obtained after casting has a groove 113 that perfectly matches the fitting of the protective member 13, so that the present invention can produce new types of segments using the original segment mold without special modification of the segment mold, which helps to control production costs.

[0080] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 also has a grouting hole that also serves as a hoisting hole 114.

[0081] Referring to Figures 1 to 9, in one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 has two corners, one of which is provided with a combination structure of "the protective member 13 and the connecting member 14".

[0082] Referring to Figures 10 to 18, in another embodiment, the fiber-reinforced concrete structure 11 has two corners, each corner being provided with a combination structure of "the protective member 13 and the connecting member 14".

[0083] Another objective of this invention is to provide a segment ring to better improve the overall stability of the segment ring.

[0084] Referring to Figure 19 (or Figure 20) (or Figure 21), a segment ring 4 is composed of several segments, and the segment ring 4 includes at least one segment with a type of anti-collapse angle as described above.

[0085] Referring to Figure 19, in one embodiment, the segment ring 4 consists of five segments, including two standard segment blocks 51, two adjacent segment blocks 52, and one capping segment block 53. The capping segment block 53 is a newly developed segment of this invention, with a combination structure of the "protective element 13 and the connecting element" at both corners. This solution has the lowest cost and can protect the safety of the two corners of the last-assembled capping segment block 53. The segment assembly sequence is: "first assemble the standard segment blocks 51, then assemble the adjacent segment blocks 52, and finally assemble the capping segment block 53."

[0086] Referring to Figure 20, in the second embodiment, the segment ring 4 is composed of five segments, including two standard segment blocks 61, two adjacent segment blocks 62, and one capping segment block 63; wherein the "adjacent segment blocks 62" and "capping segment block 63" are novel segments newly developed in this invention; on the side where the "adjacent segment blocks 62" and the capping segment block 63 are assembled and connected, the corner of the adjacent segment blocks 62 is provided with a combination structure of "the protective component 13 and the connecting component"; while the capping segment block 63 is provided with a combination structure of "the protective component 13 and the connecting component" at both corners. Because the assembly sequence of the tunnel segments is "first assemble the standard segment 61, then assemble the adjacent segment 62, and finally assemble the capping segment 63", the standard segment 61 has a larger assembly space and a lower risk of collision, so the combination structure of "the protective component 13 and the connecting component" does not need to be set at the corner. However, the capping segment 63, which is assembled last, has a smaller assembly space, a larger error, and a higher risk of collision. Therefore, on one side where the adjacent segment 62 and the capping segment 63 are assembled, the combination structure of "the protective component 13 and the connecting component" is set at the corner of the adjacent segment 62, and the combination structure of "the protective component 13 and the connecting component" is set at the corners on both sides of the capping segment 63. This can ensure the assembly quality of the segment ring 4 to the greatest extent with a smaller cost.

[0087] Referring to Figure 21, in the third embodiment, the segment ring 4 is composed of five segments, including two standard segment blocks 71, two adjacent segment blocks 72, and one capping segment block 73. The standard segment blocks 71, adjacent segment blocks 72, and capping segment block 73 are all novel segments newly developed in this invention. Each standard segment block 71, each adjacent segment block 72, and each capping segment block 73 has a combination structure of "the protective component 13 and the connecting component" at the corners on both sides, which can ensure the assembly quality of the entire segment ring 4.

[0088] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for manufacturing anti-scratching pipe segments, so as to scientifically guide people in producing new types of pipe segments and ensure the manufacturing quality of new pipe segments.

[0089] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), a method for manufacturing an anti-scratching pipe segment, used to manufacture the aforementioned anti-scratching pipe segment 1, includes the following manufacturing steps:

[0090] S1. Fabricate the skeleton 12;

[0091] Fabricate the protective component 13 and weld the connecting component 14 onto the protective component 13;

[0092] Production of fiber-reinforced concrete;

[0093] S2. Weld the protective component 13 to the corner steel bars 3 of the frame body 12 and fix them together.

[0094] S3. Install the combined structure formed by the skeleton body 12, the protective component 13, and the connecting component 14 into the segment mold;

[0095] S4. The prepared fiber concrete is poured into the segment mold to fully bond the fiber concrete with the skeleton 12, the protective component 13, and the connector 14; wherein, after the fiber concrete solidifies, the fiber concrete structure 11 is formed; wherein, the connector 14 is embedded in the fiber concrete structure 11, which can enhance the cooperative stress-bearing of the protective component 13 and the fiber concrete structure 11.

[0096] S5. Maintenance.

[0097] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, the step of "fabricating the skeleton 12" in step S1 includes the following steps:

[0098] A1. Fabricate the main steel reinforcement of the tunnel segment;

[0099] Fabricate corner reinforcement bars for pipe segments;

[0100] A2. Connect the main steel bars 2 and the corner steel bars 3 of the segment together to form the skeleton 12.

[0101] Referring to Figures 10 to 18, in one embodiment, the step of "fabricating the protective member 13 and welding the connecting member 14 to the protective member 13" in step S1 includes the following steps:

[0102] B1. Cut out the protective component 13 with a qualified shape; if the protective component 13 is a (planar) quadrilateral steel plate, then a quadrilateral with a qualified shape needs to be cut out.

[0103] B2. Place the connector 14 on the protective member 13 and control the angle H between the connector 14 and the upper plane of the protective member 13;

[0104] B3. After adjusting the included angle H to the design value, weld and fix the connector 14 to the protective component 13.

[0105] B4. Weld quality inspection; if the weld quality inspection is qualified, the structure composed of "the connecting part 14 and the protective part 13" can be used to connect with the skeleton body 12; if the weld quality inspection is unqualified, the structure composed of "the connecting part 14 and the protective part 13" needs to be re-welded until the weld quality inspection is qualified before it can be used.

[0106] B5. Complete the weld quality inspection to obtain a qualified "connector 14 and protective component 13" combined structure.

[0107] In one embodiment, the step of "making fiber-reinforced concrete" in step S1 includes the following steps:

[0108] C1. Silicate cement is selected as the concrete mix material, and the strength grade of the silicate cement is required to be not lower than 42.5.

[0109] C2. Cement mixing, preparing concrete, and adding steel fibers during the cement mixing process to finally form fiber-reinforced concrete.

[0110] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 (or Figures 10 to 18), in one embodiment, step S2 includes the following specific steps:

[0111] S21. Maintain a 10mm gap P between the protective component 13 and the corner steel bars 3 of the frame body 12;

[0112] S22. Welding; Welding adopts full welding, which can effectively ensure the coordinated stress between the protective component 13 and the corner steel bar 3 of the segment after the segment 1 is formed;

[0113] S23. Finally, the protective component 13 and the corner steel bar 3 of the pipe segment are fixed together.

[0114] In one embodiment, an S2.5 step is further included between step S2 and step S3, the S2.5 step comprising the following steps:

[0115] S2.5. Conduct a weld quality inspection at the connection between the protective component 13 and the corner steel bar 3 of the pipe segment. The inspection shall be carried out using Level II flaw detection.

[0116] In one embodiment, the newly manufactured tunnel segments are transported to the construction site. During on-site construction, the new tunnel segments are assembled into designated positions using the tunnel boring machine's segment assembly system, ultimately completing the tunnel construction of segment ring 4 (refer to Figure 19, 20, or 21). If there is a need to expand the auxiliary functions of segment ring 4 in the future, conventional steel structure processing can be performed directly on the protective component 13.

[0117] Other aspects of the anti-splitting segment, segment ring, and manufacturing method described in this invention are available in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0118] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collapse-resistant pipe segment, comprising: It includes a fiber-reinforced concrete structure, a skeleton, a protective component, and a connector; the skeleton is provided in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure; the connector is provided on the protective component, the protective component is connected to the skeleton, the connector is embedded in the fiber-reinforced concrete structure, and the protective component is located at the corner of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure to prevent corner chipping.

2. A collapse-resistant pipe section according to claim 1, wherein The fiber-reinforced concrete structure is an arc-shaped structure; the fiber-reinforced concrete structure is cast using fiber-reinforced concrete; the fiber-reinforced concrete includes steel fibers and concrete, and the steel fibers are added to the concrete. The steel fibers are long, straight steel fibers with a circular cross-section.

3. A collapse-resistant pipe section according to claim 2, wherein In the fiber-reinforced concrete per unit volume, the volume of the steel fibers accounts for 1.0% to 1.5% of the total volume.

4. A collapse-resistant pipe section according to claim 2, wherein The steel fibers have a length of 20mm to 50mm, a diameter of 0.3mm to 0.75mm, and an aspect ratio of 30 to 80.

5. A collapse-resistant pipe section according to claim 2, wherein One end of the connector is connected to one surface of the protective component. There is a connection point at the connection position between the connector and the protective component. After the connector and the protective component are both installed on the fiber-reinforced concrete structure, the normal of the fiber-reinforced concrete structure at the connection point forms a set angle with the central axis of the connector. The angle is 0° to 45°.

6. A collapse-resistant pipe section according to claim 1, wherein The skeleton includes main steel bars for the pipe segment and corner steel bars for the pipe segment; the main steel bars for the pipe segment and the corner steel bars for the pipe segment are connected together; both the main steel bars for the pipe segment and the corner steel bars for the pipe segment are set in the fiber concrete structure; the protective member is connected to the corner steel bars for the pipe segment, and the connecting member is set off offset from the corner steel bars for the pipe segment and is embedded in the fiber concrete structure.

7. A collapse-resistant pipe section according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The protective component is a quadrilateral steel plate; the yield strength of the protective component is at least 235 MPa; and the thickness of the protective component is at least 10 mm.

8. A segment for preventing corner chipping according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connector is a stud; the diameter of the connector is at least 10 mm.

9. A segment ring, characterized by The segment ring is composed of several segments, and the segment ring includes at least one segment with an anti-splitting angle as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for manufacturing an anti-corner-splitting pipe segment, used to manufacture an anti-corner-splitting pipe segment as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The production process includes the following steps: S1. Fabricate the skeleton; Fabricate the protective component and weld the connecting component onto the protective component; Production of fiber-reinforced concrete; S2. Weld the protective component to the corner steel bars of the tube segment of the frame body and fix them together; S3. Install the combined structure formed by the skeleton, the protective component, and the connecting component into the segment mold; S4. The prepared fiber concrete is poured into the segment mold to fully bond the fiber concrete with the skeleton, the protective component, and the connector; wherein, after the fiber concrete solidifies, the fiber concrete structure is formed. S5. Maintenance.

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