Display module and electronic device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/082689
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-17
Smart Images

Figure CN2025082689_17092026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DISPLAY MODULE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display module and an electronic device.BACKGROUND
[0002] An artificial reality system, such as a head-mounted display (HMD) or heads-up display (HUD) system, generally includes a near-eye display (e.g., in the form of a headset or a pair of glasses) configured to present content to a user via an electronic or optic display within. The near-eye display may display virtual objects or combine images of real objects with virtual objects, as in virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , or mixed reality (MR) applications. Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that overlays digital information and images onto the real world, enhancing the user's perception of their environment. The AR technology can combine virtual elements with the physical world in real-time. For example, in an AR system, a user may view both images of virtual objects (e.g., computer-generated images (CGIs) ) , and the surrounding environment by, for example, seeing through transparent display glasses or lenses (often referred to as optical see-through) . AR has a wide range of applications, including gaming, navigation, education, retail, and industrial maintenance.
[0003] One of the main challenges in AR display systems is the occurrence of ghosting, which is caused by unwanted reflections within the display system. These reflections may create duplicate images or visual artifacts, degrading the user experience.
[0004] This background information is provided as it may be relevant to the present disclosure. No admission is necessarily intended, nor should be construed, that any of the preceding information constitutes prior art against the present disclosure.SUMMARY
[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, including: an optical waveguide, where the optical waveguide includes a substrate, an in-coupling portion and an out-coupling portion; an optical module, where the optical module is arranged opposite to the substrate, the optical module includes a display device, where the display device includes a display region, the display region is configured to project a light beam bearing image information, a first portion of the light beam is coupled into the optical waveguide through the in-coupling portion and is coupled out of the optical waveguide through the out-coupling portion, a second portion of the light beam is reflected by the optical waveguide, and the display region is arranged at a preset angle with a surface of the in-coupling portion to make the second portion of the light beam project outside the display region.
[0006] The arrangement of the display region at a preset angle with the surface of the in-coupling portion helps to direct the reflected light (second portion) outside the display region, thereby reducing or eliminating ghosting effects caused by unwanted reflections.
[0007] In an implementation of the first aspect, the preset angle is set according to a field of view (FOV) of the optical module, a width of the optical module and a length of the optical module. By considering these factors, the design can effectively eliminate ghosting while optimizing the overall optical performance. The interference of the ghosting can be reduced and quality of the displayed image can be improved.
[0008] In an implementation of the first aspect, the preset angle is larger than a half of the FOV of the display region. Setting the preset angle to half of the FOV of the display region aligns the display module with natural viewing angles. By aligning the display with natural viewing angles, the device becomes more comfortable to wear and use over extended periods.
[0009] In an implementation of the first aspect, the preset angle is larger than 5 degree.
[0010] In an implementation of the first aspect, the optical module further includes an optical component, the optical component is arranged between the display device and the optical waveguide, and the optical component is configured to perform collimating on the light beam.
[0011] In an implementation of the first aspect, the preset angle is larger than an angle between a light beam, which is emitted from an edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, and an optical axis of the optical module.
[0012] In an implementation of the first aspect, the preset angle is larger than an angle where a light beam, which is emitted from a first edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, is perpendicular to the surface of the in-coupling portion, and the first edge is an edge of the display region farther from the surface of the in-coupling portion.
[0013] In an implementation of the first aspect, the optical module further includes a light absorbing region, the light absorbing region is arranged around the display region.
[0014] In an implementation of the first aspect, the light absorbing region is coated by a lighting absorbing material.
[0015] In an implementation of the first aspect, the lighting absorbing material is at least one of: black polycarbonate (PC) , black ink or black glue.
[0016] The light absorbing region can intercept and absorb unwanted light reflections before they reach the user's eyes. The second portion of the light beam that would reach the light absorbing region would be absorbed by the light absorbing region. In this way, the likelihood of the reflected light (i.e., the second portion of the light beam) undergoing unwanted scattering or diffuse reflection within the optical module can be reduced, and image quality can be improved and visual artifacts can be reduced.
[0017] In an implementation of the first aspect, the optical module includes a shading component, the shading component is configured to block the second portion of the light beam from entering the waveguide module. By setting the shading component, the reflected light can be directed away from the optical waveguide. By redirecting the unwanted light using the shading component, the second portion of the light beam can be ensured not to enter the optical waveguide, thereby eliminating ghosting and improving display quality.
[0018] In an implementation of the first aspect, the optical waveguide is a diffractive waveguide. Diffractive waveguides can be designed to be very thin and lightweight, making the display module ideal for applications where size and weight are critical, such as in AR glasses or wearable devices.
[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including the display module according to the first aspect or any implementations of the first aspect.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] Reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings which show example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 1 shows is a schematic illustration of light transmission in a display module.
[0022] FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIG. 4 shows another schematic structural diagram of a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module with the display device in FIG. 6.
[0028] FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module with a shading component according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0030] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0031] As used herein, the terms “first” , “second” , and so on, do not necessarily denote any ordinal, sequential, or priority relation, but are simply used to more clearly distinguish one element or set of elements from another, unless specified otherwise.
[0032] As used herein, the term “exemplary” is meant to denote “an example of” , and is not intended to suggest any preferred or ideal embodiment.
[0033] As used herein, the terms “viewer” , “wearer, ” “operator” , “observer” , and “user” are equivalent and refer to the person who wears and views images using an augmented reality system.
[0034] As used herein, the term “set” refers to a non-empty set, as the concept of a collection of elements or members of a set is widely understood in elementary mathematics. As used herein, the term “subset” , unless otherwise explicitly stated, is used herein to refer to a non-empty proper subset, that is, to a subset of the larger set, having one or more members. For a set S, a subset may comprise the complete set S. A “proper subset” of set S, however, is strictly contained in set S and excludes at least one member of set S.
[0035] As used herein, the term “coupled” is intended to indicate a physical association, connection, relation, or linking, between two or more components, such that the disposition of one component affects the spatial disposition of a component to which it is coupled. For mechanical coupling, two components need not be in direct contact, but can be linked through one or more intermediary components. A component for optical coupling allows light energy to be input to, or output from, an optical apparatus as understood by those skilled in the art.
[0036] Near-eye display systems consist of various components, including displays, waveguides, sensors, and electronics. Integrating these components into a compact and functional design is complex. As the demand for smaller and more powerful devices increases, miniaturizing components without compromising performance is a significant challenge.
[0037] Micro LED is known for its high brightness and energy efficiency, making it ideal for near-eye display applications where visibility in bright environments is crucial. The compact size of a micro LED chip allows for integration into lightweight and portable AR devices, such as smart glasses. In addition, the micro LED can achieve high resolutions and excellent contrast ratios, providing clear and vivid images. In the application of optical projection modules based on monochrome (RGB) micro LED displays, it is essential to use them in conjunction with optical waveguides.
[0038] The waveguide is one of crucial components in the near-eye display system. The waveguide is responsible for guiding light from the display source to the user's eyes. It can enable a compact design by efficiently guiding light within a small form factor. Different types of waveguides have been developed, including diffractive waveguides, reflective waveguides, and holographic waveguides. Each type has its own mechanisms for coupling and decoupling light, affecting the display's performance and design.
[0039] One example of a display system may use a waveguide-based optical display device, where light of projected images may be coupled into a waveguide (e.g., a transparent substrate) , propagate within the waveguide, and be coupled out of the waveguide. In some implementations, the light of the projected images may be coupled into or out of the waveguide using diffractive optical elements, such as surface-relief gratings or volume Bragg gratings, or reflective optical elements. Light from the surrounding environment may pass through a see-through region of the waveguide and reach the user's eyes as well.
[0040] A micro-nano grating structure can be employed to the design of the waveguide, which inherently has a certain reflectivity due to its structural characteristics. Additionally, the micro LED chip is usually designed with high-reflectivity materials to enhance optical efficiency, resulting in a high reflectivity of the product itself. When these two components are used together, they may cause multiple reflections between each other. The reflected light path may lead to secondary imaging, resulting in the appearance of ghost images, or “ghosting” in the application. The presence of ghost images can significantly impact the display quality.
[0041] FIG. 1 shows is a schematic illustration of light transmission in a display module. As shown in FIG. 1, the display module includes a micro LED chip, an optical lens and a waveguide. The micro LED chip emits a light beam (shown as a solid line) . The light beam is image-bearing and is conditioned through the optical lens. Then the light beam is coupled into the waveguide through an in-coupling portion (not shown in FIG. 1) and then out from the waveguide through an out-coupling portion (not shown in FIG. 1) , and a displayed image can be projected. The light beam propagates within the waveguide plane, which is not shown in FIG. 1. Due to a certain reflectivity of surfaces of the waveguide, part of the light beam (shown as a chain-dotted line) may be reflected from the incident surface of the waveguide. The reflected light beam would go through the optical lens and reach the surface of the micro LED chip. Due to the high reflectivity of the surface of the micro LED chip, a second reflection occurs, shown as a dashed line in FIG. 1. The dashed path, after passing through the optical lens and propagating (not shown in FIG. 1) in the waveguide, projects a ghost image, which is shown as a dashed image. The ghost image may interfere with the imaging effect in actual applications and is an undesirable part.
[0042] In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a display module and an electronic device. The display module includes: an optical waveguide and an optical module. The optical waveguide includes a substrate, an in-coupling portion and an out-coupling portion. The optical module is arranged opposite to the substrate. The optical module includes a display device, and the display device includes a display region. The display region is configured to project a light beam bearing image information. In other words, the display region is an emission region of the display device. A first portion of the light beam is coupled into the optical waveguide through the in-coupling portion and is coupled out of the optical waveguide through the out-coupling portion, and a second portion of the light beam is reflected by the optical waveguide. The display region is arranged at a preset angle with a surface of the in-coupling portion to make the second portion of the light beam project outside the display region. The arrangement of the display region at a preset angle with the substrate helps to direct the reflected light (second portion) outside the display region, thereby reducing or eliminating ghosting effects caused by unwanted reflections.
[0043] FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0044] As shown in FIG. 2, the display module includes an optical waveguide 21 and an optical module 22.
[0045] The optical waveguide 21 includes a substrate 211, an in-coupling portion 212 and an out-coupling portion 213. The optical module is arranged opposite to the optical waveguide 21, specifically, opposite to the in-coupling portion 212. The optical module 22 emits a light beam, the light beam is an image-bearing light beam, which carries image information (e.g., color, intensity, and angular information) from optical module to the user's eyes.
[0046] The optical module 22 includes a display device 23, and the display device 23 includes a display region 231. The display region 231 is configured to project a light beam bearing image information. The display device 23 is a light source or image source, and can be a micro LED display, an OLED (organic light emitting diode) display, a LCD (liquid crystal display) display, a LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) display, etc., which is not limited here. The display region 231 refers to a specific area or component of the display device 23 from which the light beam that carries the image information is projected. In some cases, the display region 231 may include a plurality of pixels that displays virtual objects, such as an LCD display panel, an LED display panel, or a micro LED panel. For example, when the display device 23 is a micro LED display, the display region 231 may include an array of microscopic LEDs that emit light directly. Each LED corresponds to a pixel in the image.
[0047] The optical waveguide 21 is used for conveying images from the image source to a position aligned with the wearer's eye. The optical waveguide 21 guides the light in an angularly encoded form, ensuring that the virtual images are correctly displayed. A first portion of the image-bearing light beam is coupled into the optical waveguide 21 through the in-coupling portion 212 and is coupled out of the optical waveguide 21 through the out-coupling portion 213, a second portion of the light beam is reflected by the optical waveguide 21. The first portion of the light beam is the part of the light beam that is efficiently coupled into the waveguide through the in-coupling portion 212 and then guided to the out-coupling portion 213. The first portion of the light beam travels along the waveguide via total internal reflection (TIR) and reaches the out-coupling portion 213. The reflection direction in the optical waveguide 21 of the light beam can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited here. The first portion of the light beam will exit the waveguide and reaches the user's eyes, forming a primary (or final) image. The second portion of the light beam refers to the part of the light beam that is reflected by an incidence region (e.g., the substrate 211 or in-coupling portion 212) of the optical waveguide 21 and does not contribute to the primary image. Instead, the second portion of the light beam may cause unwanted effects such as ghosting. For example, the second portion of the light beam may be the light beam shown by a dashed line in FIG. 1.
[0048] The substrate 211 is typically made from a transparent material, such as glass or a high-refractive-index polymer. This material is chosen for its optical clarity and ability to support the propagation of light with ow loss. The substrate 211 forms the physical foundation of the waveguide and provides the necessary mechanical support for other components like the in-coupling and out-coupling portions.
[0049] The in-coupling portion 212 may be provided with an in-coupling optic, and the out-coupling portion 213 may be provided with an out-coupling optic. The image-bearing light beam from the optical module can be coupled into the optical waveguide 21 by the in-coupling optic, which can also take a variety of forms including prisms, mirrors, or diffractive optics, directs the angularly related beams from the optical module into the waveguide. For example, such diffractive optics can be formed as diffraction gratings or holographic optical elements that can be mounted on a surface (which refers to a front surface here) of the substrate close to the optical module.
[0050] The out-coupling optic is configured to extract light from the waveguide and direct it towards the user's eyes. The optic can be designed to provide pupil expansion in one or more directions, ensuring that the light is spread over a larger area. This makes the image visible over a wider range of viewing angles. The out-coupling optic can be matched with the in-coupling optic to decode any angular encoding imposed by the in-coupling optic. This ensures efficient light extraction and maintains the integrity of the image information. The out-coupling optic must avoid distorting or impairing the wearer's view of the real world. The out-coupling portion may be mounted on a surface (which refers to a back surface here) of the substrate away from the optical module.
[0051] The specific size and shape of the in-coupling portion and the out-coupling portion are not limited in the present disclosure.
[0052] The display region 231 is arranged at a preset angle with a surface of the in-coupling portion 212 to make the second portion of the light beam project outside the display region 231. The surface may be the front surface of the in-coupling portion 212, which is the surface of the in-coupling portion 212 closer to the optical module 22. As shown in FIG. 1, the preset angle is The preset angle should ensure the second portion of the light beam project outside the display region 231 and the first portion of the light beam to be coupled into the optical waveguide 21.
[0053] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The display module includes an optical module (e.g., a micro LED chip) and an optical waveguide. The optical module is arranged opposite to the optical wave guide, and a reference plane of the micro LED chip is arranged at a preset angle with a reference plane of the optical waveguide. The micro LED chip emits a light beam (shown as a solid line) . A first portion of the light beam is coupled into the waveguide, is coupled out from the waveguide, and a displayed image can be projected. The first portion of the light beam propagates within the waveguide, which is not shown in FIG. 3. Due to the high reflectivity of surfaces of the optical waveguide, a second portion (shown as a chain-dotted line) of the light beam may be reflected from the waveguide. Due to the preset angle between the reference plane of the micro LED chip and the reference plane of the optical waveguide, the reflected light beam would not reach the surface of the micro LED chip and a second reflection can be avoided.
[0054] By setting the preset angle, the reflected light (that is, the second portion of the light beam) is directed towards the peripheral areas of the display region. The reflected light can be avoided re-entering the optical waveguide, thus effectively eliminating ghosting and improving the clarity and contrast of the displayed image. What's more, by addressing ghosting through a mechanical adjustment (i.e., setting the angle) , the design avoids the need for bulky additional components such as complex optical filters. The preset angle can be incorporated into the overall mechanical design of the optical module without significantly increasing its size.
[0055] In an implementation, the optical waveguide may be a diffractive waveguide. The diffractive waveguide uses diffraction gratings to couple light in and out of the waveguide. Diffractive waveguides use micro-nano grating structures to couple light into the waveguide through an input coupler and out through an output coupler. This allows for efficient light propagation with low loss. Diffractive waveguides can be designed to be very thin and lightweight, making the display module ideal for applications where size and weight are critical, such as in AR glasses or wearable devices.
[0056] In an implementation, the preset angle can be set according to a field of view (FOV) of the optical module, a width of the optical module and a length of the optical module. The FOV defines the range of angles over which the display can project images effectively. The FOV here may refer to a diagonal FOV (D-FOV) . The width and the length of the optical module influence the overall optical path and how light interacts with the waveguide. By considering these factors, the design can effectively eliminate ghosting while ensuring the overall optical performance. The interference of the ghosting can be reduced and quality of the displayed image can be improved. The selection of the preset angle needs to ensure that the light beam is efficiently coupled into the optical waveguide and propagates correctly through total internal reflection (TIR) .
[0057] In an implementation, when the preset angle is an angle in a vertical plane (that is, a plane parallel to a width direction of the display region and perpendicular to the display region) , the preset angle can be determined based on the following formulas: where L refers to a length of the optical module, Wrefers to a width of the optical module, θ refers to a D-FOV of the optical module, EFL refers to an effective focus length, and is a minimum preset angle between the display region and the surface of the in-coupling portion.
[0058] In an implementation, when the preset angle is an angle in a horizontal plane (that is, a plane parallel to a length direction of the display region and perpendicular to the display region) , the preset angle can be determined based on the following formulas: where L refers to a length of the optical module, Wrefers to a width of the optical module, θ refers to a D-FOV of the optical module, EFL refers to an effective focus length, and is a minimum preset angle between the display region and the surface of the in-coupling portion.
[0059] In an implementation, the preset angle can be larger than a half of the FOV of the optical module. In an implementation, when the preset angle is an angle in a vertical plane (that is, a plane parallel to a width direction of the display region and perpendicular to the display region) , the preset angle can be larger than a half of vertical field of view (V-FOV) of the optical module. In an implementation, when the preset angle is an angle in a horizontal plane (that is, a plane parallel to a length direction of the display region and perpendicular to the display region) , the preset angle can be larger than a half of horizontal field of view (H-FOV) of the optical module.
[0060] The present angle is associated with the FOV of the optical module, and can be set or adjusted according to the optical module used. For optical modules with different FOV values, the corresponding ranges for the present angle can be different. By setting the preset angle based on the FOV of the optical module, the display module according to the present disclosure can adapt to various optical modules with different FOV values. In addition, setting the preset angle to half of the FOV the display region can align the optical module with natural viewing angles. It is particularly important for wearable devices like AR glasses, where the display needs to be positioned in a way that feels natural and comfortable for the user. By aligning the display with natural viewing angles, the device becomes more comfortable to wear and use over extended periods.
[0061] For AR glasses, the V-FOV of the optical module (especially for a micro LED display) typically ranges from 10° to 30° or more. In view of this, the preset angle may be larger than 5 degree, preferably larger than 9 degree, preferably 9.14 degree, 9.4 degree, or 9.5 degree. This threshold can ensure that the design remains effective for a wide range of micro LED displays, particularly those with smaller FOVs (e.g., 10° to 20°) commonly found in AR glasses and wearable devices.
[0062] In an implementation, the optical module may further include an optical component. The optical component is arranged between the display device and the optical waveguide, and the optical component is configured to perform collimating on the light beam. The optical component may be configured to further perform at least one of: expanding, scanning or projecting on the light beam. The optical component can be also referred to a projector optics. FIG. 4 shows another schematic structural diagram of a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The display module includes an optical waveguide 21 and an optical module 22. The optical waveguide 21 includes a substrate 211, an in-coupling portion 212 and an out-coupling portion 213. The structure of the optical waveguide 21 is the same as the optical waveguide 21 shown in FIG. 2, which will not repeated here. The optical module 22 includes a display device 23 and an optical component 221. The display device 23 includes a display region 231. The optical component 221 may include one or more optical elements that can condition the light from the display region 231, such as expanding, collimating, scanning, or projecting light from the display region 231 to the optical waveguide 21. The one or more optical elements may include, for example, one or more lenses, liquid lenses, mirrors, apertures, and / or gratings. The optical component 221 shown in FIG. 4 includes a set of lenses. For example, the optical component 221 may include a liquid lens (e.g., a liquid crystal lens) with a plurality of electrodes that allows scanning of the light beam from the display region.
[0063] In an implementation, the preset angle is larger than an angle between a light beam, which is emitted from an edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, and an optical axis of the optical module. The display region may include a first edge and a second edge. The first edge of the display region is an edge of the display region farther from the surface of the in-coupling portion. The second edge is an edge of the display region closer to the surface of the in-coupling portion. An angle between a light beam, which is emitted from the first edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, and a light beam, which is emitted from the second edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, is equal to the V-FOV of the display region. It should be noted that, in order to ensure that reflected light (i.e., the second portion of the light beam) of the light beam emitted from an edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component does not project back into the display region, the preset angle should be set larger than a critical angle at which the reflected light would just project to the edge of the display region. The critical angle may be an angle between a light beam, which emitted from an edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, and an optical axis of the optical module, and the edge can be the first edge or the second edge. By setting the display region at an angle greater than the critical angle, the system ensures that reflected light is directed outside the display region, reducing ghosting and improving image quality.
[0064] In an implementation, the preset angle is larger than an angle where a light beam, which is emitted from a first edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, is perpendicular to the surface of the in-coupling portion, and the first edge is an edge of the display region farther from the surface of the in-coupling portion. When the angle between the display region and the surface of the in-coupling region is zero, i.e., the display region is parallel to the in-coupling region, the reflected light will project to the display region. As the angle between the display region and the in-coupling region increases, the projected area will move accordingly. Specifically, for example, when the display region has an angle with the surface of the in-coupling region on a vertical plane (i.e., a plane parallel to a width direction of the display region and perpendicular to the display region) , the project area will move from the original position in a direction towards the first edge of the display region. When the angle increases such that the light beam emitted from the first edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component is perpendicular to the surface of the in-coupling portion, the projected area only overlaps with the display region at the first edge. If the angle continues to increase, the projected area will move out of the display region and far away from the display region. By setting the display region at an angle greater than the critical angle, the system ensures that reflected light is directed outside the display region, reducing ghosting and improving image quality.
[0065] FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the first edge of the display region is an upper edge of the display region, and the second edge of the display region is a lower edge of the display region. The optical axis of the display region is shown as a dashed line. When a second portion (that is, the portion of the collimated light beam reflected by the waveguide) of a light beam, which is emitted from a second edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, projects to the first edge of the display region, an angle between the display region and a surface of the in-coupling portion (not shown in FIG. 5) of the waveguide is equal to an angle (shown as 1 or 2 in FIG. 5) between a light beam, which is emitted from the first edge or second edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, and the optical axis of the optical module. In this case, the light beam emitted from the first edge of the display region is perpendicular to the surface of the in-coupling portion. The aforementioned descriptions are about the critical situation, and the preset angle should be set larger than the critical angle to reduce ghosting.
[0066] In order to further eliminate the negative influence of the second portion of the light beam, in an implementation, the optical module further includes a light absorbing region. The light absorbing region is arranged around the display region. FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the display device include a display region 231 and a light absorbing region 232. The light absorbing region 232 is around the display region 231. The light absorbing region 232 can intercept and absorb unwanted light reflections before they reach the user's eyes.
[0067] In an implementation, the light absorbing region is coated by a lighting absorbing material. The lighting absorbing material may be at least one of but is not limited to: black polycarbonate (PC) , black ink or black glue.
[0068] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module with the display device in FIG. 6. The display module includes an optical waveguide and an optical module including a display region. The optical module is arranged opposite to the optical wave guide, and a reference plane of the optical module is arranged at a preset angle with a reference plane of the optical waveguide. The display region projects a light beam (shown as a solid line) bearing image information. A first portion of the light beam is coupled into the waveguide and then coupled out from the waveguide, and a displayed image can be projected. The first portion of the light beam is propagated within the waveguide, which is not shown in FIG. 7. Due to the high reflectivity of surfaces of the optical waveguide, a second portion (shown as a chain-dotted line) of the light beam may be reflected from the waveguide. Due to the preset angle between the reference plane of the optical module and the reference plane of the optical waveguide, the reflected light beam would not reach the surface of the display region. A light absorbing region is arranged around the display region. The reflected light beam that would reach the light absorbing region would be absorbed by the light absorbing region. In this way, the likelihood of the reflected light (i.e., the second portion of the light beam) undergoing unwanted scattering or diffuse reflection within the optical module can be reduced, and image quality can be improved and visual artifacts can be reduced.
[0069] Another way to further eliminate the negative influence of the second portion of the light beam is using a shading component. In an implementation, the optical module may include a shading component, the shading component is configured to block the second portion of the light beam from entering the waveguide module. The shading component may be arranged around the display region. The shading component may be configured to change the transmission path of the second portion of the light beam from entering the optical waveguide. FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of light transmission using a display module with a shading component according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the shading component changes the transmission path of the second portion of the light beam to perpendicular to the display region, thereby ensuring that the second portion of the light beam does not interfere with the primary light path and does not cause ghosting. The shading component can use reflective or refractive surfaces to change the direction of the unwanted light. By redirecting this light to be perpendicular to the display region, it can be effectively managed and prevented from interfering with the primary light path. For example, a reflective surface (e.g., a mirror) can be placed at an angle around the display region. The reflective surface can be oriented to reflect the second portion of the light beam at a 90-degree angle (perpendicular to the display region) . By doing so, the reflected light is directed away from the optical waveguide. By redirecting the unwanted light using the shading component, the second portion of the light beam can be ensured not enter the optical waveguide, thereby eliminating ghosting and improving display quality.
[0070] It should be noted that, the display device can be provided with both the shading component and the light absorbing region.
[0071] FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The electrical device 900 includes a display module 901. The display module 901 is a display module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The display module 901 includes an optical waveguide and an optical module. The optical waveguide comprises a substrate, an in-coupling portion and an out-coupling portion. The optical module is arranged opposite to the substrate, the optical module includes a display device. The display device includes a display region, the display region is configured to project a light beam bearing image information. A first portion of the light beam is coupled into the optical waveguide through the in-coupling portion and is coupled out of the optical waveguide through the out-coupling portion. A second portion of the light beam is reflected by the optical waveguide, and the display region is arranged at a preset angle with a surface of the in-coupling portion to make the second portion of the light beam project outside the display region.
[0072] The electric device 900 can be used in an HMD device or other near-eye displays. The electronic device 900 may further include one or more processor (s) 902 and a memory 903. The one or more processors 902 may be configured to execute instructions for performing operations at a number of components, and can be, for example, a general-purpose processor or microprocessor suitable for implementation within a portable electronic device. The one or more processors 902 may be communicatively coupled with a plurality of components within electronic device. The one or more processors 902 are communicatively coupled with the display module 901. The one or more processors 902 can process the image data that will be displayed by the display module 901 and provide the image data to the display module 901, and can control operations of the display module 901. To realize this communicative coupling, the one or more processors 902 may communicate with the other illustrated components across a bus. The bus may be any subsystem adapted to transfer data within electronic device 900. The bus may include a plurality of computer buses and additional circuitry to transfer data.
[0073] The memory 903 may be coupled to processor (s) 902. In some embodiments, memory 903 may offer both short-term and long-term storage and may be divided into several units. The memory 903 may be volatile, such as static random access memory (SRAM) and / or dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and / or non-volatile, such as read-only memory (ROM) , flash memory, and the like. Furthermore, the memory 903 may include removable storage devices, such as secure digital (SD) cards. The memory 903 may provide storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program code, and other data for electronic device 900. In some embodiments, the memory 903 may be distributed into different hardware subsystems. A set of instructions and / or code might be stored on the memory 903. The instructions might take the form of executable code that may be executable by electronic device 900, and / or might take the form of source and / or installable code, which, upon compilation and / or installation on electronic device 900 (e.g., using any of a variety of generally available compilers, installation programs, compression / decompression utilities, etc. ) , may take the form of executable code.
[0074] Although embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.
[0075] Terms, “and” and “or” as used herein, may include a variety of meanings that are also expected to depend at least in part upon the context in which such terms are used. Typically, “or” if used to associate a list, such as A, B, or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, here used in the inclusive sense, as well as A, B, or C, here used in the exclusive sense. In addition, the term “one or more” as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular or may be used to describe some combination of features, structures, or characteristics. However, it should be noted that this is merely an illustrative example and claimed subject matter is not limited to this example. Furthermore, the term “at least one of” if used to associate a list, such as A, B, or C, can be interpreted to mean A, B, C, or a combination of A, B, and / or C, such as AB, AC, BC, AA, ABC, AAB, ACC, AABBCCC, or the like.
[0076] One or more features of the embodiments described herein may be combined to create additional embodiments which are not depicted. The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to a presently preferred embodiment, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalents thereof are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims
1.A display module, comprising:an optical waveguide, wherein the optical waveguide comprises a substrate, an in-coupling portion and an out-coupling portion;an optical module, wherein the optical module is arranged opposite to the substrate, the optical module comprises a display device, wherein the display device comprises a display region, the display region is configured to project a light beam bearing image information, a first portion of the light beam is coupled into the optical waveguide through the in-coupling portion and is coupled out of the optical waveguide through the out-coupling portion, a second portion of the light beam is reflected by the optical waveguide, and the display region is arranged at a preset angle with a surface of the in-coupling portion to make the second portion of the light beam project outside the display region.2.The display module according to claim 1, wherein the preset angle is set according to a field of view (FOV) of the optical module, a width of the optical module and a length of the optical module.3.The display module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preset angle is larger than a half of the FOV of the optical module.4.The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the preset angle is larger than 5 degree.5.The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the optical module further comprises an optical component, the optical component is arranged between the display device and the optical waveguide, and the optical component is configured to perform collimating on the light beam.6.The display module according to claim 5, wherein the preset angle is larger than an angle between a light beam, which is emitted from an edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, and an optical axis of the optical module.7.The display module according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the preset angle is larger than an angle where a light beam, which is emitted from a first edge of the display region and collimated by the optical component, is perpendicular to the surface of the in-coupling portion, and the first edge is an edge of the display region farther from the surface of the in-coupling portion.8.The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the optical module further comprises a light absorbing region, the light absorbing region is arranged around the display region.9.The display module according to claim 8, wherein the light absorbing region is coated by a lighting absorbing material.10.The display module according to claim 9, the lighting absorbing material is at least one of: black polycarbonate (PC) , black ink or black glue.11.The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the optical module comprises a shading component, the shading component is configured to block the second portion of the light beam from entering the optical waveguide.12.The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the optical waveguide is a diffractive waveguide.13.An electronic device, comprising the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 12.