Motor, suspension assembly and vehicle

Abstract

Provided are a motor, a suspension assembly and a vehicle. A second assembly is movable relative to a first assembly between a first position and a second position. A housing of the first assembly forms a cylinder. A magnetic structure of the second assembly is arranged within the cylinder. A first bearing is fixed to one of the first assembly and the second assembly and is slidably fitted to the other. A second bearing is fixed to one of the first assembly and the second assembly and is slidably fitted to the other. A distance between the first bearing and the second bearing is a first distance h0. The first distance h0 satisfies at least one of the following: the sum of the stroke of the second assembly moving from the first position to the second position and the height of the magnetic structure is a second distance S1, where h0≥(2 / 5)×S1; the length of the cylinder body is a third distance S2, where h0≥(2 / 5)×S2; and the distance between a first limiting portion and a second limiting portion of the first assembly is a fourth distance S3, where h0≥(2 / 5)×S3.

Description

Motors, suspension components and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510309082.6, filed on March 14, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to an electric motor, suspension assembly, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] A vehicle includes a body, wheels, and a suspension assembly connecting the body and wheels. The suspension assembly is configured to absorb impacts transmitted to the body from uneven road surfaces to ensure a smooth ride. In some suspension assemblies, a motor is also included, which is configured to adjust the stiffness and damping of the suspension assembly in real time according to the vehicle's motion and road conditions to achieve optimal damping. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides an electric motor, a suspension assembly, and a vehicle, aiming to solve the problem of severe wear of the electric motor during operation, resulting in a short lifespan of the motor.

[0005] In a first aspect, a motor is provided, comprising a first component, a second component, a first bearing, and a second bearing. The second component is movable relative to the first component along a first direction between a first position and a second position. The first component includes a housing, the housing having a cylindrical body. The second component includes a magnetic structure disposed within the cylindrical body. The first bearing is fixed to one of the first and second components and slidably engaged with the other of the first and second components. The first and second bearings are spaced apart along the first direction, the second bearing being fixed to one of the first and second components and slidably engaged with the other of the first and second components. The distance between the first and second bearings is a first distance h0. The first distance h0 satisfies at least one of the following: the sum of the stroke of the second component moving from the first position to the second position and the height of the magnetic structure in the first direction is a second distance S1, h0 ≥ (2 / 5) × S1. The length of the cylindrical body in the first direction is a third distance S2, h0 ≥ (2 / 5) × S2. The first component further includes a first limiting portion and a second limiting portion, the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion being located on opposite sides of the cylindrical body in the first direction. When the second component is in the first position, the second limiting part engages with the second component. When the second component is in the second position, the first limiting part engages with the second component. The distance between the first limiting part and the second limiting part is a fourth distance S3, where h0 ≥ (2 / 5) × S3.

[0006] In this way, by ensuring that the first distance h0 satisfies at least one of the following: h0≥(2 / 5)×S1, h0≥(2 / 5)×S3, h0≥(2 / 5)×S3, it is possible to avoid the second component from deflecting too much relative to the first component due to the distance between the first and second bearings being too small. This reduces the friction between the first and second components, ensures stable operation of the motor, reduces wear on the first and second components, and extends the service life of the motor.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first distance h0 satisfies at least one of the following: h0≥(1 / 2)×S1, h0≥(1 / 2)×S2, h0≥(1 / 2)×S3.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second component includes a mandrel, the first bearing is fixed to the first component, the mandrel is slidably disposed through the first bearing, and the maximum included angle between the axis of the mandrel and the axis of the first bearing is θ, where θ ≤ 0.05°.

[0009] In some embodiments, the maximum included angle θ satisfies: θ≤0.02°.

[0010] In some embodiments, the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing and the outer diameter of the mandrel satisfies: 20μm≤X≤80μm.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first component includes a guide member fixed to the housing. One of the spindle and the guide member has a guide hole, and the other of the spindle and the guide member is received within the guide hole. When the second component moves relative to the first component, the other of the spindle and the guide member moves within the guide hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second bearing is fixed to the second assembly, and the guide member is slidably disposed within the second bearing. The difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing and the outer diameter of the guide member satisfies: 20μm≤Y≤80μm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the mandrel is provided with a guide hole, and the second bearing is housed within the guide hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, the housing has a mounting hole at one end along a first direction. A first bearing is accommodated in the mounting hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second component further includes a third limiting portion and a fourth limiting portion, both of which are connected to the magnetic structure and located on opposite sides of the magnetic structure in a first direction. When the second component is in a first position, the fourth limiting portion engages with the first component. When the second component is in a second position, the third limiting portion engages with the first component.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first component further includes a first limiting portion and a second limiting portion, which are located on opposite sides of the cylinder in a first direction. Along the direction from the first bearing to the second bearing, the first limiting portion, the third limiting portion, the fourth limiting portion, and the second limiting portion are arranged sequentially. When the second component is in the first position, the fourth limiting portion engages with the second limiting portion. When the second component is in the second position, the first limiting portion engages with the third limiting portion.

[0017] In some embodiments, the magnetic structure includes a winding structure. The first component further includes a magnet assembly disposed on and fixed to the housing, and the winding structure cooperates with the magnet assembly to drive the first component to move relative to the winding structure.

[0018] In some embodiments, the length of the magnet assembly in the first direction is the same as the length of the winding structure in the first direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the magnetic structure includes a winding structure. The second component also includes at least one iron core, which is fixed to a mandrel, and the winding structure is disposed on the at least one iron core.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first component further includes a seal disposed between the inner wall surface of the mounting hole and the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel, and fixed to the housing, wherein the mandrel is slidably fitted to the seal.

[0021] Secondly, a suspension assembly is provided, including the aforementioned motor.

[0022] In some embodiments, the motor further includes a tower top assembly disposed in one of the first and second components of the motor, and the tower top assembly is adapted to be connected to the vehicle body.

[0023] In some embodiments, the motor further includes a spring disposed between the tower top assembly and the other of the first and second assemblies, and the other of the first and second assemblies is adapted to connect a wheel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the motor further includes a fork arm connected between the first component and the other of the second component and the wheel.

[0025] Thirdly, a vehicle is provided that includes the aforementioned motor, or includes the aforementioned suspension assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a vehicle according to some embodiments;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the suspension assembly in Figure 1;

[0029] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the motor in Figure 2;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the mandrel and the first bearing when they are in contact;

[0031] Figure 5 shows the simulation results of the motor's no-load resistance when the first distance h0 is different.

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the second distance S1 and the first stroke S11 and the second stroke S12;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the mandrel and the first and second bearings when the mandrel's axial direction is aligned with the first direction.

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the mandrel, the first bearing, and the second bearing when the angle between the axis of the mandrel and the axis of the first bearing is the maximum angle θ.

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the mandrel and guide when the guide hole is provided in the guide component;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the mandrel and the first and second bearings when the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing and the outer diameter of the mandrel and the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing and the outer diameter of the guide are equal.

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the mandrel and the first and second bearings when the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing and the outer diameter of the mandrel and the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing and the outer diameter of the guide are not equal.

[0038] Reference numerals: 100, vehicle; 10, body; 20, wheel; 30, suspension assembly; 1, motor; 11, first assembly; 111, housing; 111A, mounting hole; 112, magnet assembly; 113, fork arm; 114, guide; 1141, guide rod; 1142, chassis; 115, first bearing; 11A, first limiting part; 11B, second limiting part; 12, second assembly; 121, spindle; 121A, guide hole; 122, winding structure; 123, iron core; 124, second bearing; 12A, third limiting part; 12B, fourth limiting part; 2, tower top assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0040] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned orientational descriptions can be flexibly set in practical applications, provided that the relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings are satisfied.

[0041] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "communication" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In embodiments of this disclosure, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0044] In this disclosure, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this disclosure should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0045] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] In related technologies, the motor experiences severe wear during operation, resulting in a short motor lifespan and a poor driving experience.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a vehicle 100 according to some embodiments. This disclosure provides a vehicle 100 according to some embodiments. The vehicle 100 can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, a range-extended electric vehicle, a gasoline vehicle, etc. The vehicle 100 can also be a sedan, truck, bus, lorry, trailer, etc. This disclosure does not limit the type of vehicle 100.

[0048] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the suspension assembly 30 in Figure 1. The vehicle 100 includes a body 10, wheels 20 and suspension assembly 30. The suspension assembly 30 is connected between the body 10 and the wheels 20. The suspension assembly 30 is configured to buffer the impact force transmitted to the body 10 from the uneven road surface, so as to ensure the smoothness of the vehicle 100 and improve the driving comfort of the vehicle 100.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2, the suspension assembly 30 includes a motor 1, which is connected between the vehicle body 10 and the wheel 20. During the driving of the vehicle 100, the motor 1 can adjust the distance between the vehicle body 10 and the wheel 20 to ensure the stability of the vehicle body 10 due to the influence of road bumps.

[0050] The suspension assembly 30 also includes a strut mount assembly 2 and a spring. The strut mount assembly 2 is connected between the motor 1 and the vehicle body 10 to transmit the force output by the motor 1 to the vehicle body 10, thereby adjusting the distance between the vehicle body 10 and the wheel 20. The spring is configured to buffer the transmission of force between the wheel 20 and the vehicle body 10.

[0051] For example, the spring can be a helical spring, an air spring, etc., and the helical spring can be a cylindrical helical spring, which is sleeved around the motor 1. In some embodiments, the spring can also be a tower spring, a disc spring, etc.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, which is a cross-sectional view of the motor 1 in FIG2, the motor 1 includes a first component 11 and a second component 12. The second component 12 can move relative to the first component 11 along a first direction to extend or shorten the motor 1, thereby adjusting the distance between the vehicle body 10 and the wheel 20. The first direction can be consistent with the height direction of the vehicle 100 or inclined relative to the height direction of the vehicle 100, and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first component 11 may also be connected to the body 10 and the second component 12 may be connected to the wheel 20, or vice versa.

[0054] For example, the tower top assembly 2 is connected between one of the first assembly 11 and the second assembly 12 and the vehicle body 10, and the spring is connected between the first assembly 11 and the second assembly 12.

[0055] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the suspension assembly 30 further includes a wishbone 113, which is connected between the other of the first assembly 11 and the second assembly 12 and the wheel 20 to realize the connection between the motor 1 and the wheel 20, thereby realizing the transmission of the force output by the motor 1.

[0056] For ease of subsequent description, the following description will use the example of the first component 11 being adapted to connect to the wheel 20 and the second component 12 being adapted to connect to the body 10. This should not be considered as a limitation on the structure of this disclosure.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the second component 12 further includes a magnetic structure housed within the housing 111.

[0058] For example, the magnetic structure may include a winding structure 122. In this case, the first component 11 may include a housing 111 and a magnet assembly 112. The magnet assembly 112 is disposed on and fixed to the housing 111. The winding structure 122 cooperates with the magnet assembly 112 to drive the second component 12 to move relative to the first component 11.

[0059] Alternatively, the magnetic structure may also include a magnet assembly 112. In this case, the first assembly 11 may include a winding structure 122. Similarly, the second assembly 12 can be driven to move relative to the first assembly 11 through the cooperation of the winding structure 122 and the magnet assembly 112.

[0060] For ease of subsequent description, the following description will take the magnetic structure including the winding structure 122 as an example.

[0061] For example, the magnet assembly 112 can be a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, an energized coil, etc.

[0062] With the above settings, after the winding structure 122 is energized, the winding structure 122 will generate a magnetic field, and the magnet assembly 112 will also generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by the winding structure 122 and the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 112 can interact and generate a force along the first direction, thereby pushing the winding structure 122 to move relative to the magnet assembly 112 along the first direction, so as to realize the relative movement of the first assembly 11 and the second assembly 12.

[0063] In some embodiments, the length of the magnet assembly 112 in the first direction is the same as the length of the winding structure 122 in the first direction. This ensures the interaction strength between the magnet assembly 112 and the winding structure 122, increases the magnitude of the force between them, and ensures the relative movement of the first assembly 11 and the second assembly 12.

[0064] Based on the above, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the second component 12 further includes at least one iron core 123, the at least one iron core 123 being fixed to the spindle 121, and the winding structure 122 being disposed on the at least one iron core 123.

[0065] With the above settings, after the winding structure 122 is energized, the iron core 123 can increase the strength of the magnetic field generated by the winding structure 122, thereby increasing the force between the first component 11 and the second component 12, so as to improve the thrust of the motor 1.

[0066] In some embodiments, the housing 111 is cylindrical in shape, and the spindle 121, iron core 123 and winding structure 122 are cylindrical or disc-shaped, etc., adapted to the cylindrical structure.

[0067] As shown in Figure 3, the first component 11 further includes a first bearing 115, and the housing 111 has a mounting hole 111A at one end along the first direction. The first bearing 115 is accommodated in the mounting hole 111A. The second component 12 includes a spindle 121, which is fixed to the winding structure 122 and slidably passes through the first bearing 115.

[0068] It is understood that the axial direction of the first bearing 115 is aligned with the first direction to restrict the movement of the spindle 121 along the first direction, thereby restricting the movement of the second assembly 12 relative to the first assembly 11 along the first direction.

[0069] There is a certain gap between the first bearing 115 and the spindle 121 to avoid jamming between the first bearing 115 and the spindle 121 due to thermal expansion and contraction, which would cause excessive friction between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 and affect the operation of the motor 1.

[0070] However, during the operation of motor 1, the magnetic field generated by the winding structure 122 after being energized is unstable and fluctuates. This causes the winding structure 122 to be subjected to an electromagnetic force along the radial direction of the first bearing 115, which causes the axis of the spindle 121 to tilt relative to the axis of the first bearing 115. As the distance of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11 increases, the radial force will continue to increase, and the angle of deflection of the axis of the spindle 121 relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 will also increase, which will cause the spindle 121 to contact the first bearing 115, resulting in friction between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115.

[0071] Furthermore, research has revealed that, as shown in Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the mandrel 121 and the first bearing 115 when they are in contact, the greater the angle at which the axis of the mandrel 121 deflects relative to the axis of the first bearing 115, the greater the frictional force between the mandrel 121 and the first bearing 115.

[0072] Furthermore, since the spindle 121 and the winding structure 122 are tilted, the radial electromagnetic force on the winding structure 122 will increase, thereby increasing the friction between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115.

[0073] This will increase the frictional force on the second component 12 when it moves relative to the first component 11, thereby affecting the smooth extension or shortening of the motor 1, and causing wear on the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115, thus shortening the service life of the motor 1.

[0074] To avoid the above problems, it is necessary to limit the angle at which the axis of the spindle 121 can deflect relative to the axis of the first bearing 115.

[0075] In this regard, some embodiments of the present disclosure first analyze the factors affecting the angle of deflection of the axis of the mandrel 121 relative to the axis of the first bearing 115.

[0076] Analysis shows that since the second bearing 124 (see Figure 3) is located on the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 is located on the housing 111, the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 will change as the first component 11 and the second component 12 move relative to each other.

[0077] As shown in Figure 3, the second component 12 can move between a first position and a second position relative to the first component 11. The length of the motor 1 when the second component 12 is in the first position is the first length, and the length of the motor 1 when the second component 12 is in the second position is the second length. The first length is less than the second length.

[0078] It is understandable that when the second component 12 is in the first position, the motor 1 is at its compression limit, and the length of the motor 1 is the smaller first length. When the second component 12 is in the second position, the motor 1 is at its tension limit, and the length of the motor 1 is the larger second length.

[0079] When the second component 12 is in the second position, that is, when the motor 1 is at its tensile limit, the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 reaches its minimum value. At this time, the axis of the spindle 121 can deflect at the maximum angle relative to the axis of the first bearing 115.

[0080] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure simulate the no-load resistance of motor 1 when the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 is of different sizes (the no-load resistance of motor 1 refers to the force that prevents relative movement generated between the first component 11 and the second component 12 during relative movement when motor 1 is in a no-load state, that is, when no current is applied).

[0081] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, Figure 5 is a simulation diagram of the magnitude of the no-load resistance of motor 1 when the magnitude of the first distance h0 is different, and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the second distance S1, the first stroke S11, and the second stroke S12. The sum of the stroke of the second component 12 moving from the first position to the second position and the height of the winding structure 122 in the first direction is the second distance S1.

[0082] The distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 is the first distance h0.

[0083] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second distance S1 = 302 mm. Curve a1 shows the change in the no-load resistance of motor 1 during the movement of the second component 12 when the minimum value of the first distance h0 is 115 mm. Curve a2 shows the change in the no-load resistance of motor 1 during the movement of the second component 12 when the minimum value of the first distance h0 is 155 mm. Curve a3 shows the change in the no-load resistance of motor 1 during the movement of the second component 12 when the minimum value of the first distance h0 is 193 mm.

[0084] As can be seen from Figure 5, when other parameters remain unchanged, during the displacement of motor 1, i.e., the movement of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11, as the minimum value of the first distance h0 increases, the no-load resistance experienced by motor 1 during displacement gradually decreases, and the fluctuation of the no-load resistance of motor 1 also becomes smaller. It can be seen that as the minimum value of the first distance h0 increases, after the axis of the spindle 121 deflects relative to the axis of the first bearing 115, the frictional force and the electromagnetic force in the direction perpendicular to the first direction experienced by the second component 12 will decrease accordingly.

[0085] Therefore, some embodiments of this disclosure also limit the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 when the second component 12 is in the second position:

[0086] The second distance S1 and the first distance h0 satisfy: h0≥(2 / 5)×S1.

[0087] In this way, by ensuring that the second distance S1 and the first distance h0 satisfy h0 ≥ (2 / 5) × S1, it is possible to avoid an excessively large angle of deflection of the axis of the spindle 121 relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 due to an excessively small distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124. That is, it is possible to avoid an excessively large angle of deflection of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11. In this way, the frictional force between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115, and the frictional force between the second bearing 124 and the guide member 114 (see Figure 3), can be reduced, thus reducing the impact on the elongation or shortening of the motor 1, and reducing the wear of the first bearing 115, the spindle 121, the second bearing 124, and the guide member 114. That is, by reducing the magnitude of the frictional force between the first component 11 and the second component 12, it is possible to ensure the stable operation of the motor 1, reduce the wear of the first component 11 and the second component 12, and extend the service life of the motor 1.

[0088] The second distance S1 can be considered as the maximum distance that the winding structure 122 can reach during the relative movement of the second component 12 and the first component 11.

[0089] For example, in the direction from the first position to the second position, the winding structure 122 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other. When the second component 12 is in the first position, the position of the first end of the winding structure 122 is the third position. When the second component 12 is in the second position, the position of the second end of the winding structure 122 is the fourth position, and the distance between the third position and the fourth position is the second distance S1.

[0090] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 6, when the vehicle 100 is stationary, the position of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11 is the zero point position. During the process of the second component 12 moving from the zero point position to the second position, the distance that the first end and the second end of the winding structure 122 move are both the first stroke S11 (the extension stroke of the motor 1). During the process of the second component 12 moving from the zero point position to the first position, the distance that the first end and the second end of the winding structure 122 move are both the second stroke S12 (the compression stroke of the motor 1).

[0091] Thus, the distance between the third and fourth positions can be considered as the distance between the first and second ends of the winding structure, that is, the dimension L of the winding structure 122 in the first direction, the distance the first end of the winding structure moves when the winding moves from the second position to the first position, that is, the maximum stroke of the winding structure, that is, the sum of the first stroke S11 and the second stroke S12, and the sum of the three. Therefore, the second distance S1 = S11 + S12 + L.

[0092] The distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 can be the distance between the side surface of the first bearing 115 facing the second bearing 124 and the side surface of the second bearing 124 facing away from the first bearing 115.

[0093] Alternatively, it can be the distance between the side surface of the first bearing 115 facing the second bearing 124 and the side surface of the second bearing 124 facing the first bearing 115.

[0094] Alternatively, it can be the distance between the side surface of the first bearing 115 facing away from the second bearing 124 and the side surface of the second bearing 124 facing away from the first bearing 115.

[0095] Alternatively, it can be the distance between the center plane of the first bearing 115 and the center plane of the second bearing 124. The center plane of the first bearing 115 is a plane that is equidistant from the end faces of the first bearing 115 on both sides in the first direction, and the center plane of the second bearing 124 is a plane that is equidistant from the end faces of the second bearing 124 on both sides in the first direction.

[0096] It is understood that the above embodiment limits the size of the first distance h0 by the maximum stroke of the winding structure 122.

[0097] In some embodiments, the size of the first distance h0 can be defined by the first component 11.

[0098] For example, the housing 111 is formed with a cylindrical body, and the winding structure 122 is disposed inside the cylindrical body. The length of the cylindrical body in the first direction is a third distance S2, and the third distance S2 and the first distance h0 satisfy: h0≥(2 / 5)×S2.

[0099] The cylinder is the side wall of the cavity formed inside the housing 111, and the length of the cylinder in the first direction is the distance between the two opposite side walls of the cavity inside the housing 111 that form the cylinder in the first direction.

[0100] Since the winding structure moves within the cylinder, the cylinder can limit the travel of the winding structure 122, thereby limiting the size of the first distance h0. This prevents the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 from being too small, thereby reducing the friction between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115, as well as the friction between the second bearing 124 and the guide member 114, and the effect on the elongation or shortening of the motor 1, thus extending the service life of the motor 1.

[0101] In some embodiments, the first component 11 further includes a first limiting portion 11A and a second limiting portion 11B, which are located on opposite sides of the cylinder in a first direction.

[0102] When the second component 12 is in the first position, the second limiting part 11B engages with the second component 12 for limiting; when the second component 12 is in the second position, the first limiting part 11A engages with the second component 12 for limiting.

[0103] In this way, during the movement of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11, the first limiting part 11A and the second limiting part 11B can limit the second component 12 and restrict the stroke of the second component 12, thereby preventing the winding structure 122 inside the cylinder from directly contacting the cylinder and colliding when the second component 12 moves to the first position or the second position, so as to keep the function of the winding structure stable.

[0104] In the above situation, the travel of the winding structure 122 can be limited by the first limiting part 11A and the second limiting part 11B. Thus, the size of the first distance h0 can be limited by the first limiting part 11A and the second limiting part 11B, that is, the distance between the first limiting part 11A and the second limiting part 11B is the fourth distance S3, and the fourth distance S3 and the first distance h0 satisfy: h0≥(2 / 5)×S3.

[0105] This also reduces the friction between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115, as well as the friction between the second bearing 124 and the guide member 114, thus reducing the impact on the elongation or shortening of the motor 1 and extending the service life of the motor 1.

[0106] The distance between the first limiting part 11A and the second limiting part 11B can be the distance between the side surface of the first limiting part 11A facing the second limiting part 11B and the side surface of the second limiting part 11B facing away from the first limiting part 11A.

[0107] Alternatively, it can be the distance between the side surface of the first limiting part 11A facing the second limiting part 11B and the side surface of the second limiting part 11B facing the first limiting part 11A.

[0108] Alternatively, it can be considered as the distance between the side surface of the first limiting part 11A facing away from the second limiting part 11B and the side surface of the second limiting part 11B facing away from the first limiting part 11A.

[0109] It can also be the distance between the center plane of the first limiting part 11A and the center plane of the second limiting part 11B. The center plane of the first limiting part 11A is a plane that is equidistant from the end faces of the first bearing 115 on both sides in the first direction, and the center plane of the second limiting part 11B is a plane that is equidistant from the end faces of the second limiting part 11B on both sides in the first direction.

[0110] Based on this, in some embodiments, the second distance S1 and the first distance h0 satisfy: h0≥(1 / 2)×S1.

[0111] In this way, compared to the second distance S1 and the first distance h0 satisfying: h0≥(2 / 5)×S1, when the second distance S1 and the first distance h0 satisfy: h0≥(1 / 2)×S1, the angle that the axis of the spindle 121 can deflect relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 can be reduced, thereby reducing the friction between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 and the friction between the second bearing 124 and the guide member 114, so as to ensure the smooth extension or shortening of the motor 1 and extend the service life of the motor 1.

[0112] In some embodiments, the third distance S2 and the first distance h0 satisfy: h0≥(1 / 2)×S2. In some embodiments, the fourth distance S3 and the first distance h0 satisfy: h0≥(1 / 2)×S3. These will not be elaborated further here.

[0113] Furthermore, by defining the relationship between at least one of the second distance S1, the third distance S2, or the fourth distance S3 and the first distance h0, the maximum included angle between the axis of the spindle 121 and the axis of the first bearing 115 can be defined.

[0114] It should be noted that the maximum included angle refers to the maximum angle at which the axis of the spindle 121 deflects relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 during the movement of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11. That is, when the second component 12 is in the second position, the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 is the smallest, and at this time, the axis of the spindle 121 deflects relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 at the maximum angle.

[0115] In some embodiments, the maximum included angle between the axis of the mandrel 121 and the axis of the first bearing 115 is θ, where θ ≤ 0.05°.

[0116] By setting the above, the maximum included angle between the axis of the spindle 121 and the axis of the first bearing 115 is limited within this range, which can prevent the axis of the spindle 121 from rotating too much relative to the axis of the first bearing 115. This reduces the magnitude of the frictional force when one end of the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 come into contact during the movement of the spindle 121 relative to the first bearing 115, thereby reducing the influence of the frictional force between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 on the extension or shortening of the motor 1.

[0117] Furthermore, by reducing the friction between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115, the wear of the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the motor 1.

[0118] Based on this, in some embodiments, the maximum included angle θ satisfies: θ≤0.02°.

[0119] With the above settings, compared to the maximum included angle satisfying θ≤0.05°, when the maximum included angle θ satisfies θ≤0.02°, the maximum value of the angle of deflection of the axis of the spindle 121 relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 is smaller during the movement of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11. This reduces the magnitude of the frictional force experienced by the spindle 121 when one end of the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 come into contact during the movement of the spindle 121 relative to the first bearing 115, thereby reducing the impact of the frictional force between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115 on the elongation or shortening of the motor 1 and extending the service life of the motor 1.

[0120] It should be noted that when only the first bearing 115 is provided between the mandrel 121 and the first assembly 11 (i.e., only one bearing is provided between the first assembly 11 and the second assembly 12), when the angle of deflection of the axis of the mandrel 121 relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 reaches its maximum value, as shown in Figure 4, if the axis of the mandrel 121 (the dotted line 1211 shown in Figure 4) is deflected to the first side relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 (the dotted line 1151 shown in Figure 4), then the surface of the mandrel 121 on one side of the axis of the first bearing 115 abuts against the portion of the first end of the first bearing 115 located on the first side (point A shown in Figure 4), and the first end of the first bearing 115 is one of the two ends of the first bearing 115 opposite each other in the first direction.

[0121] The mandrel 121 abuts against the portion of the second end of the first bearing 115 located on the second side of the axis of the first bearing 115 (the side opposite to the first side relative to the axis of the bearing) at the second side (point B shown in FIG4). The second end of the first bearing 115 is the other end of the two opposite ends of the first bearing 115 in the first direction.

[0122] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the first component 11 further includes a guide 114, which is fixed relative to the housing 111.

[0123] The spindle 121 has a guide hole 121A, and the guide member 114 is housed in the guide hole 121A. When the second component 12 moves relative to the first component 11, the guide member 114 moves within the guide hole 121A.

[0124] With the above configuration, since the guide member 114 moves within the guide hole 121A, when the second component 12 moves relative to the first component 11, the guide member 114 can restrict the spindle 121 from moving radially along the guide member 114, thereby guiding the spindle 121 to ensure that the spindle 121 moves along the first direction, thereby restricting the second component 12 from moving relative to the first component 11 along the first direction.

[0125] As shown in Figure 3, the second component 12 also includes a second bearing 124, which is disposed in the guide hole 121A, and the guide member 114 is slidably inserted into the second bearing 124.

[0126] In this way, the second bearing 124 can reduce the friction between the guide 114 and the spindle 121, thereby reducing the resistance encountered by the second component 12 when it moves relative to the first component 11, ensuring the smooth extension or retraction of the motor 1, and reducing the wear of the spindle 121 and the guide 114, thus extending the service life of the motor 1.

[0127] It should be noted that, under the above circumstances, as shown in Figures 3, 7, and 8, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship when the spindle 121 is in contact with the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 when the axial direction of the spindle 121 is consistent with the first direction, and Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship when the spindle 121 is in contact with the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 when the angle between the axis of the spindle 121 and the axis of the first bearing 115 is the maximum angle θ. The first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 are provided between the spindle 121 and the first assembly 11 (that is, two bearings are provided between the first assembly 11 and the second assembly 12).

[0128] When two bearings are provided between the first component 11 and the second component 12, when the angle of deflection of the axis of the spindle 121 relative to the axis of the first bearing 115 reaches its maximum value, assuming that the axis of the spindle 121 is deflected to the first side relative to the axis of the first bearing 115, then the surface of the spindle 121 on one side of the axis of the first bearing 115 abuts against the portion of the third end of the first bearing 115 located on the first side (point C shown in Figure 8). The third end of the first bearing 115 is the end of the first bearing 115 that is opposite to the second bearing 124 (the third end of the first bearing 115 mentioned here and the first end of the first bearing 115 mentioned above can be the same end or two opposite ends).

[0129] The guide member 114 abuts against the portion of the first end of the second bearing 124 located on the second side of the axis of the first bearing 115 (point D shown in FIG8), the first end of the second bearing 124 being the end of the second bearing 124 facing away from the first bearing 115.

[0130] It is understandable that when the number of bearings between the first component 11 and the second component 12 is greater than two, such as three, four, or five, after the axis of the mandrel 121 is deflected relative to the axis of the first bearing 115, the mandrel 121 will abut against at least two of the multiple bearings.

[0131] For example, guide component 114 can be a guide post, which can be a cylinder, prism, etc.

[0132] As shown in Figure 3, the guide member 114 includes a guide rod portion 1141 and a chassis portion 1142. The chassis portion 1142 is connected to the housing 111, and the guide rod portion 1141 is connected to the chassis portion 1142 and can slide through the second bearing 124.

[0133] With the above configuration, the guide rod 1141 can be fixed to the housing 111 via the chassis 1142, thereby guiding the spindle 121.

[0134] In some embodiments, the housing 111 has an opening, the chassis portion 1142 is connected to the opening and blocks the opening, and the fork arm 113 is connected to the chassis portion 1142.

[0135] As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the second component 12 also includes a third limiting part 12A and a fourth limiting part 12B, both of which are connected to the two sides of the winding structure 122 in the first direction.

[0136] In this way, the winding structure 122 can be protected by the third limiting part 12A and the fourth limiting part 12B, so as to prevent the winding structure 122 inside the cylinder from directly contacting the cylinder and colliding when the second component 12 moves to the first position or the second position, thus ensuring the functional stability of the winding structure.

[0137] Based on this, along the direction from the first bearing 115 to the second bearing 124, the first limiting part 11A, the third limiting part 12A, the fourth limiting part 12B and the second limiting part 11B are arranged in sequence.

[0138] This allows the first limiting part 11A, the third limiting part 12A, the fourth limiting part 12B, and the second limiting part 11B to jointly limit the second component 12, preventing the winding structure 122 from colliding with the cylinder.

[0139] For example, the first limiting part 11A and the third limiting part 12A can be arranged alternately, and the fourth limiting part 12B and the second limiting part 11B can be arranged alternately, that is, the first limiting part 11A, the third limiting part 12A, the fourth limiting part 12B and the second limiting part 11B can all contact the cylinder and the winding structure 122 at the same time.

[0140] For example, when the second component 12 is in the first position, the fourth limiting part 12B and the second limiting part 11B are in a limiting engagement. When the second component 12 is in the second position, the first limiting part 11A and the third limiting part 12A are in a limiting engagement.

[0141] With the above settings, when the second component 12 moves to the first position, the fourth limiting part 12B and the second limiting part 11B contact each other to limit the compression limit of the motor 1 and buffer the second component 12. When the second component 12 moves to the second position, the first limiting part 11A and the third limiting part 12A can limit the extension limit of the motor 1 and also buffer the second component 12.

[0142] It should be noted that during the actual operation of motor 1, when the second component 12 is in the second position, the first limiting part 11A and the third limiting part 12A may undergo certain deformation after contact. Alternatively, when the second component 12 is in the second position, the first limiting part 11A may not contact the second component 12, and may only limit the second component 12 when the motor malfunctions or the second component 12 moves too far.

[0143] Therefore, when the motor 1 is at its tensile limit, the position of the second component 12 is actually the position when the speed of the second component 12 is zero during the stretching process relative to the first component 11, rather than the position defined when the first limiting part 11A and the second limiting part 11B are in contact but there is no force between them interacting.

[0144] Similarly, when the motor 1 is at its compression limit, the position of the second component 12 is actually the position when the speed of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11 is zero during the compression process, rather than the position defined by the surface of the second limiting part 11B facing the second bearing 124.

[0145] Therefore, when measuring the first stroke S11 and the second stroke S12, the first stroke S11 and the second stroke S12 should be measured at the position where the speed of the second component 12 relative to the first component 11 is zero.

[0146] For example, at least one of the first limiting part 11A and the third limiting part 12A can be a rigid member or a flexible member. When it is a flexible member, it can be made of rubber. For example, the first limiting part 11A and the third limiting part 12A can both be rigid members, or both can be flexible members, or one can be a rigid member and the other a flexible member.

[0147] For example, at least one of the second limiting part 11B and the fourth limiting part 12B can be a rigid member or a flexible member. When it is a flexible member, it can be made of rubber. For example, the second limiting part 11B and the fourth limiting part 12B can both be flexible members, or both can be rigid members, or one can be a rigid member and the other a flexible member.

[0148] For example, the first limiting part 11A can be a part on the first component 11, such as the top wall of the housing 111, and the third limiting part 12A can be a part on the second component 12, such as the top wall of the winding structure 122.

[0149] Similarly, the fourth limiting part 12B can be a part on the second component 12, and the second limiting part 11B can be a part on the first component 11.

[0150] As long as the first limiting part 11A, the second limiting part 11B, the third limiting part 12A, and the fourth limiting part 12B can limit the first component 11 and the second component 12, it is sufficient.

[0151] In addition, research has found that the difference between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the spindle 121 also affects the maximum value of the included angle θ. As shown in Figure 3, when the difference between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the spindle 121 increases, the movable distance of the spindle 121 within the first bearing 115 along the radial direction of the first bearing 115 increases, which leads to an increase in the angle at which the axis of the spindle 121 can deflect relative to the axis of the first bearing 115, resulting in an increase in the maximum included angle θ.

[0152] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure also specify the difference between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the spindle 121:

[0153] The difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the spindle 121 satisfies: 20μm≤X≤80μm.

[0154] With the above settings, compared to the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the spindle 121 satisfying: X>80μm or X<20μm, when the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the spindle 121 satisfies: 20μm≤X≤80μm, the difference between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the spindle 121 is smaller. This makes the movable distance of the spindle 121 along the radial direction of the first bearing 115 smaller, so that the maximum included angle θ satisfies: θ≤0.05°. In addition, it can also ensure that there is a certain gap between the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115, so as to facilitate the assembly of the spindle 121 and the first bearing 115.

[0155] Similarly, some embodiments of this disclosure also limit the difference between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide 114: the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide 114 satisfies: 20μm≤Y≤80μm.

[0156] With the above settings, compared to the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide member 114 satisfying: Y>80μm or Y<20μm, when the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide member 114 satisfies: 20μm≤Y≤80μm, the difference between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide member 114 is smaller, thus making the radial movable distance of the second bearing 124 along the guide member 114 smaller, so that the maximum included angle θ satisfies: θ≤0.05°. In addition, it can also ensure that there is a certain gap between the guide member 114 and the second bearing 124, so as to facilitate the assembly of the guide member 114 and the second bearing 124.

[0157] For example, the difference in outer diameter X and the difference in outer diameter Y can be equal or unequal.

[0158] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9, FIG9 is a structural schematic diagram of the mandrel 121 and the guide member 114 when the guide hole 121A is provided in the guide member 114. The guide hole 121A is provided in the guide member 114, and the mandrel 121 can slide through the second bearing 124.

[0159] For ease of description, the method for calculating the maximum included angle θ will be described below using the above embodiment as an example.

[0160] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10, FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the mandrel 121 and the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 when the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the mandrel 121 and the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide member 114 are equal. When the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the mandrel 121 and the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide member 114 are equal, let X be Δ, the diameter of the mandrel 121 be D, and the back of the first bearing 115... Let h be the distance between one end of the second bearing 124 and the end of the second bearing 124 opposite to the first bearing 115; let h0 be the distance between the cross-section of the center of the first bearing 115 along the first direction and the cross-section of the second bearing 124 along the first direction; let h1 be the dimension of the first bearing 115 in the first direction; let h2 be the dimension of the second bearing 124 in the first direction; let m be the radial movement distance of the spindle 121 in the first bearing 115; and let n be the axial offset distance of the spindle 121. Then, we can obtain: n 2 +D 2 = (D + 2Δ - m) 2

[0161] From this, the magnitude of the maximum included angle θ can be calculated.

[0162] For example, when the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 is the distance between the surface of the first bearing 115 facing the second bearing 124 and the surface of the second bearing 124 facing away from the first bearing 115, i.e., h0 = h, then the maximum included angle θ is:

[0163] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the mandrel 121 and the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 when the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the mandrel 121 and the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide member 114 are not equal. When the difference X between the inner diameter of the first bearing 115 and the outer diameter of the mandrel 121 and the difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing 124 and the outer diameter of the guide member 114 are not equal, and the radial dimension of the first bearing 115 is greater than the radial dimension of the second bearing 124, let X be 2a and Y be 2b, then a>b. The distance between the end of the first bearing 115 facing away from the second bearing 124 and the end of the second bearing 124 facing away from the first bearing 115 is h. The distance between the cross-section of the center of the first bearing 115 along the first direction and the cross-section of the center of the second bearing 124 along the first direction is h0. The dimension of the first bearing 115 in the first direction is h1, and the dimension of the second bearing 124 in the first direction is h2. Therefore, we can obtain:

[0164] From this, the magnitude of the maximum included angle θ can be calculated.

[0165] Similarly, when the distance between the first bearing 115 and the second bearing 124 is the distance between the surface of the first bearing 115 facing the second bearing 124 and the surface of the second bearing 124 facing away from the first bearing 115, i.e., h0 = h, then the maximum included angle θ is:

[0166] In some embodiments, the first component 11 further includes a seal, which is disposed between the inner wall surface of the mounting hole 111A and the outer peripheral surface of the spindle 121 and is fixed to the housing 111. The spindle 121 is slidably fitted to the seal.

[0167] For example, the seal can be an oil seal, a sealing ring, etc.

[0168] By setting the seal, external impurities can be prevented from entering the housing 111 through the gap between the inner wall of the mounting hole 111A and the spindle 121, thus affecting the performance of the motor 1 and ensuring the stable function of the motor 1.

[0169] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electric machine (1), comprising: a first assembly (11) and a second assembly (12), the second assembly (12) being movable relative to the first assembly (11) along a first direction between a first position and a second position; the first assembly (11) comprising a housing (111) formed with a cylinder; the second assembly (12) comprising a magnetic structure disposed in the cylinder; a first bearing (115) fixed to one of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12) and slidingly fitted to the other of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12); and a second bearing (124) spaced apart from the first bearing (115) along the first direction, the second bearing (124) being fixed to one of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12), the second bearing (124) being slidingly fitted to the other of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12); a distance between the first bearing (115) and the second bearing (124) being a first distance h0; the first distance h0 satisfying at least one of the following: a sum of a stroke of the second assembly (12) from the first position to the second position and a height of the magnetic structure in the first direction being a second distance S1, h0≥(2 / 5)×S1; a length of the cylinder in the first direction being a third distance S2, h0≥(2 / 5)×S2; and the first assembly (11) further comprising a first limiting portion (11A) and a second limiting portion (11B), the first limiting portion (11A) and the second limiting portion (11B) being located on opposite sides of the cylinder in the first direction; the second limiting portion (11B) being in limiting cooperation with the second assembly (12) when the second assembly (12) is in the first position; the first limiting portion (11A) being in limiting cooperation with the second assembly (12) when the second assembly (12) is in the second position; a distance between the first limiting portion (11A) and the second limiting portion (11B) being a fourth distance S3, h0≥(2 / 5)×S3.

2. The electric machine (1) of claim 1, wherein, the first distance h0 satisfying at least one of the following: h0≥(1 / 2)×S1, h0≥(1 / 2)×S2, h0≥(1 / 2)×S3.

3. The electric machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second assembly (12) comprising a mandrel (121), the first bearing (115) being fixed to the first assembly (11), the mandrel (121) being slidably disposed through the first bearing (115), a maximum included angle between an axis of the mandrel (121) and an axis of the first bearing (115) being θ, θ≤0.05°.

4. The electric machine (1) of claim 3, wherein, the maximum included angle θ satisfying: θ≤0.02°.

5. The electric machine (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a difference X between an inner diameter of the first bearing (115) and an outer diameter of the mandrel (121) satisfying: 20μm≤X≤80μm.

6. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein, The first assembly (11) comprises a guide (114) fixed with the casing (111); One of the mandrel (121) and the guide (114) is provided with a guide hole (121A), and the other one is accommodated in the guide hole (121A); when the second assembly (12) moves relative to the first assembly (11), the other one moves in the guide hole (121A).

7. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein, The first assembly (11) comprises a guide (114), and the second bearing (124) is fixed to the second assembly (12), and the guide (114) is slidably arranged in the second bearing (124); The difference Y between the inner diameter of the second bearing (124) and the outer diameter of the guide (114) satisfies: 20 μm≤Y≤80 μm.

8. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 3-7, wherein, The mandrel (121) is provided with a guide hole (121A), and the second bearing (124) is accommodated in the guide hole (121A).

9. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The casing (111) is provided with a mounting hole (111A) at one end in the first direction; and the first bearing (115) is accommodated in the mounting hole (111A).

10. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The second assembly (12) further comprises a third limiting portion (12A) and a fourth limiting portion (12B), both of which are connected to the magnetic structure and located on opposite sides of the magnetic structure in the first direction; When the second assembly (12) is in the first position, the fourth limiting portion (12B) is in limiting cooperation with the first assembly (11); When the second assembly (12) is in the second position, the third limiting portion (12A) is in limiting cooperation with the first assembly (11).

11. The electric machine (1) of claim 10, wherein, The first assembly (11) further comprises a first limiting portion (11A) and a second limiting portion (11B), both of which are located on opposite sides of the cylinder in the first direction; In the direction of the first bearing (115) pointing to the second bearing (124), the first limiting portion (11A), the third limiting portion (12A), the fourth limiting portion (12B) and the second limiting portion (11B) are arranged in sequence; when the second assembly (12) is in the first position, the fourth limiting portion (12B) is in limiting cooperation with the second limiting portion (11B); When the second assembly (12) is in the second position, the first limiting portion (11A) is in limiting cooperation with the third limiting portion (12A).

12. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The magnetic structure comprises a winding structure (122); the first assembly (11) further comprises a magnet assembly (112) arranged in the casing (111) and fixed with the casing (111), and the winding structure (122) cooperates with the magnet assembly (112) to drive the first assembly (11) to move relative to the winding structure (122).

13. The electric machine (1) of claim 12, wherein, The length of the magnet assembly (112) in the first direction is consistent with the length of the winding structure (122) in the first direction.

14. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The second assembly (12) comprises a mandrel (121), and the magnetic structure comprises a winding structure (122); the second assembly (12) further comprises at least one iron core (123) fixed to the mandrel (121), and the winding structure (122) is arranged in the at least one iron core (123).

15. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein, The second assembly (12) comprises a mandrel (121), and the first assembly (11) further comprises a sealing member arranged between the inner wall surface of the mounting hole (111A) of the casing (111) and the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel (121) and fixed to the casing (111), and the mandrel (121) is slidably fitted in the sealing member.

16. A suspension assembly (30) comprising the electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-15.

17. The suspension assembly (30) according to claim 16, further comprising a tower top assembly (2) arranged in one of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12) of the electric machine, and the tower top assembly (2) is adapted to connect a vehicle body (10).

18. The suspension assembly (30) according to claim 17, further comprising a spring arranged between the tower top assembly (2) and the other one of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12), and the other one of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12) is adapted to connect a vehicle wheel (20).

19. The suspension assembly (30) according to claim 17 or 18, further comprising a wishbone (113) adapted to be connected between the other one of the first assembly (11) and the second assembly (12) and a vehicle wheel (20).

20. A vehicle (100) comprising the electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-15, or comprising the suspension assembly (30) according to any one of claims 16-19.

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