Extrusion printing mechanism, multi-color printing mechanism, and 3D printing device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to an extrusion printing mechanism, a multi-color printing mechanism, and a 3D printing device. The extrusion printing mechanism provided in the present application comprises a print head assembly and an extruder assembly which are fixedly connected. The extruder assembly comprises a first extrusion wheel and a second extrusion wheel which are arranged in cooperation with each other. Consumables are extruded from between the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel and enter the print head assembly. In the present application, the distance between the print head assembly and the first extrusion wheel and the distance between the print head assembly and the second extrusion wheel are constant, and the relative positions are always fixed, so that no relative movement will be generated, and the consumables are completely constrained by support force during the process of reaching the print head assembly from the extruder assembly, thereby preventing the problem of feeding advancing failures, material jamming and blockage because consumables are bent due to excessive unsupported areas. The consumables can be uniformly, continuously and stably output, and abnormal problems such as the separation and fracture of the consumables can be reduced, thereby ensuring the integrity of printed structures, and effectively improving printing quality.

Description

Extrusion printing mechanism, multi-color printing mechanism and 3D printing device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202520443607.0, filed on March 13, 2025, and entitled "Extrusion printing mechanism, multi-color printing mechanism and 3D printing device", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to an extrusion printing mechanism, a multi-color printing mechanism and a 3D printing device.

BACKGROUND

[0003] In the prior art, when switching between different colors of consumables, the first extrusion wheel of the extruder corresponding to the previous color is separated from the clutch wheel, and the first extrusion wheel loses power and stops extruding the consumables; the first extrusion wheel of the extruder corresponding to the next color is engaged with the clutch wheel, and the first extrusion wheel obtains power and starts to extrude the consumables, thereby realizing the switching between different colors. However, during the separation and engagement of the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel, the distance between the print head assembly and the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel changes, and there is a peripheral unsupported area of the consumables between the print head assembly and the first extrusion wheel. When the print head assembly is raised to the position, the distance between the print head assembly and the first extrusion wheel becomes shorter, and the peripheral unsupported area of the consumables becomes shorter or disappears. Although the consumables have a certain hardness, they can bend. If the peripheral unsupported area of the consumables is too long, the consumables may bend and fail to advance in the unsupported area, resulting in printing failure.

[0004]

SUMMARY

[0005] To solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present application provides an extrusion printing mechanism, a multi-color printing mechanism and a 3D printing device.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solution in the first aspect: an extrusion printing mechanism, comprising a print head assembly and an extruder assembly fixedly connected, the extruder assembly comprising a first extrusion wheel and a second extrusion wheel arranged in cooperation with each other, and a consumable being extruded from between the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel and into the print head assembly.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solution in the second aspect: a multi-color printing mechanism, comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned extrusion printing mechanisms.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a third technical solution as follows: a 3D printing device, the 3D printing device comprising the extrusion printing mechanism described above.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the extrusion printing mechanism, multi-color printing mechanism, and 3D printing equipment provided in this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0010] This application provides an extrusion printing mechanism, which includes a printhead assembly and an extruder assembly fixedly connected. The extruder assembly includes a first extrusion roller and a second extrusion roller that cooperate with each other. The consumable material is extruded between the first and second extrusion rollers and enters the printhead assembly. In existing multi-color printing solutions, when switching colors, the second extrusion roller corresponding to the previous color moves away from the first extrusion roller, causing the corresponding printhead assembly to rise and shorten the distance between it and the first extrusion roller. Conversely, the second extrusion roller corresponding to the next color moves closer to the first extrusion roller to drive the extruded consumable material to the printhead assembly, causing the corresponding printhead assembly to descend for printing. The printhead assembly moves away from the first extrusion roller, increasing the distance between them, thus achieving multi-color printing color switching. During the switching process, the distance between the printhead assembly and the first and second extrusion rollers changes. Because there is an unsupported area around the consumable material between the printhead assembly and the first extrusion roller, an increase in the distance between them will cause the unsupported area around the consumable material to become too long, leading to the consumable material bending and being unable to advance in the unsupported area, resulting in printing failure. By setting up an extrusion printing mechanism that includes a fixedly connected printhead assembly and an extruder assembly, the extruder assembly comprises a first extrusion roller and a second extrusion roller that cooperate with each other. The distance between the printhead assembly and the first and second extrusion rollers remains constant, maintaining a fixed relative position without relative movement. During color switching, they move as a whole, preventing changes in the unsupported areas around the filament from affecting filament delivery between the printhead assembly and the extruder assembly. The filament is fully supported and constrained as it travels from the extruder assembly to the printhead assembly, preventing problems such as filament bending, jamming, or blockage caused by excessive unsupported areas. This is especially important for flexible and easily bent filaments. This ensures a uniform, continuous, and stable output of filament, reducing abnormalities such as filament separation and breakage, guaranteeing the integrity of the printed structure, and effectively improving print quality. [Attached Image Description]

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the extrusion printing mechanism provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the extrusion printing mechanism provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the extruder assembly of the extrusion printing mechanism provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the extrusion printing mechanism provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-color printing mechanism provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the multicolor printing mechanism provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the multicolor printing mechanism provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 8 is an enlarged view of part A of the structure in Figure 7.

[0020] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the switching component of the multi-color printing mechanism provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 10 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the multi-color printing mechanism provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 11 is an exploded structural diagram of the drive component and clutch wheel of the multicolor printing mechanism provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 12 is a structural block diagram of the 3D printing device provided in the third embodiment of this application.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Extrusion printing mechanism; 20. Printhead assembly; 21. Printhead mounting base; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Printhead; 24. Elastic element; 25. Limiting element; 30. Extruder assembly; 32. Clutch assembly; 33. Extruder mounting base; 34. First fixing element; 35. Second fixing element; 36. Locking block; 211. Pressure block; 221. Connecting hole; 311. First extrusion wheel; 312. Second extrusion wheel; 313. Gap; 314. Handle; 321. Clutch wheel; 351. Protrusion; 352. Slot; 2111. Inclined surface; 3111. First gear tooth; 3211. Second gear tooth; 3212. Protrusion; 3213. Limiting step; 100. Multicolor printing mechanism; 110. Base; 120. Switching component; 121. Gear ring; 122. Top block; 123. Second elastic element; 130. Drive component; 131. Power source; 132. Drive element; 1211. Groove; 1212. Receiving position; 1213. Groove wall; 1321. Groove opening; 200. 3D printing equipment.

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4. The first embodiment of this application provides an extrusion printing mechanism 1. The extrusion printing mechanism 1 includes a printhead assembly 20 and an extruder assembly 30 fixedly connected. The extruder assembly 30 includes a first extrusion roller 311 and a second extrusion roller 312 that are configured to cooperate with each other. Consumables are extruded from between the first extrusion roller 311 and the second extrusion roller 312 and enter the printhead assembly 20.

[0027] Optionally, the extruder assembly 30 further includes a clutch assembly 32, with the first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 being drive-connected. The multi-color printing mechanism 100 may also include a drive assembly 130, with the clutch assembly 32 selectively connected to the drive assembly 130, such as being engaged in one position and disengaged in another, thereby selectively controlling whether the extrusion printing mechanism 1 extrudes consumables. Optionally, the drive connection between the first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 can be either a direct meshing connection or a power connection via a transmission device.

[0028] It is understandable that the clutch assembly 32 can also be omitted. For example, the first extrusion roller 311 can also function as the clutch assembly 32, allowing selective connection with the drive assembly 130 when the first extrusion roller moves. Alternatively, the clutch assembly 32 can be integrally formed with the first extrusion roller 311.

[0029] Understandably, in the existing technology, when switching colors in multi-color printing, the position of the first extrusion roller 311 corresponding to the previous color remains unchanged. The first extrusion roller 311 is used to drive the material to move. The second extrusion roller 312 corresponding to the first extrusion roller 311 moves away from the first extrusion roller 311. At the same time, the printhead assembly 20 is raised, and the distance between the printhead assembly 20 and the first extrusion roller 311 is shortened. When switching colors, the position of the first extrusion roller 311 corresponding to the next color remains unchanged. The second extrusion roller 312 moves closer to the first extrusion roller 311 to drive the extrusion material to feed to the printhead assembly 20. The printhead assembly 20 is lowered to perform printing. The printhead assembly 20 moves away from the first extrusion roller 311, and the distance between the two increases, thereby realizing the color switching of multi-color printing. During the switching process, the distance between the printhead assembly 20 and the first extrusion roller 311 and the second extrusion roller 312 changes. Since there is an unsupported area around the consumable between the printhead assembly 20 and the first extrusion roller 311, when the distance between the printhead assembly 20 and the first extrusion roller 311 increases, the distance of the unsupported area around the consumable will be too long, causing the consumable to bend in the unsupported area and be unable to move forward, resulting in printing failure. By setting the extrusion printing mechanism 1 to include a fixedly connected printhead assembly 20 and extruder assembly 30, the extruder assembly 30 includes a first extrusion roller 311 and a second extrusion roller 312 that cooperate with each other. The distance between the printhead assembly 20 and the first and second extrusion rollers 311 and 312 remains unchanged, maintaining a fixed relative position and preventing relative movement. During color switching, the corresponding printhead assembly 20 and the first and second extrusion rollers 311 and 312 on a single extrusion printing mechanism 1 move as a whole. This avoids the impact of changes in the unsupported area around the filament on the filament delivery between the printhead assembly 20 and the extruder assembly 30. The filament is fully supported and constrained during its journey from the extruder assembly 30 to the printhead assembly 20, preventing problems such as filament bending, jamming, or blockage caused by excessive unsupported areas. This is especially important for flexible and easily bent filaments. This ensures uniform and continuous filament output, reduces abnormal problems such as filament separation and breakage, guarantees the integrity of the printed structure, and effectively improves print quality.

[0030] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the extruder assembly 30 further includes a clutch assembly 32, with the first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 being drive-connected. The extruder assembly 30 also includes an extruder base 33, a first fixing member 34, and a second fixing member 35. The first fixing member 34 is connected to the extruder base 33, the first extrusion roller 311 is sleeved on the first fixing member 34, and the second fixing member 35 is connected to the first fixing member 34. The clutch assembly 32 includes a clutch... The clutch wheel 321 is sleeved on the second fixing member 35. The first end of the second fixing member 35 is provided with a protrusion 351. The clutch wheel 321 is provided with a limiting step 3213 that abuts against the protrusion 351. The second end of the second fixing member 35 is provided with a slot 352. The second end is used to pass through the clutch wheel 321 and the first fixing member 34. The extruder assembly 30 also includes a locking block 36 corresponding to the slot 352. The locking block 36 abuts against the slot 352 and the first fixing member 34.

[0031] Understandably, since the extruder assembly 30 also includes a clutch assembly 32, and the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32 are connected by a transmission, the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32 will not switch between transmission connection and disengagement, and will always maintain a fixed transmission connection state with a relatively fixed position, without relative movement. This avoids uneven and unstable transmission between the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32 due to the switching between transmission connection and disengagement, ensuring continuous extrusion of consumables. The connection relationship between the first fixing member 34 and the second fixing member 35 in the extruder mounting base 33 provides stable support for the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch wheel 321, ensuring the positional accuracy of the meshing of the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch wheel 321, and ensuring that the clutch wheel 321 efficiently and stably transmits power to the first extrusion wheel 311. Because the second end of the second fixing member 35 has a slot 352, which is the end away from the clutch wheel 321, the extruder assembly 30 also includes a locking block 36 corresponding to the slot 352. The interaction between the locking block 36 and the slot 352 and the first fixing member 34 generates downward pressure on the second fixing member 35. This is because the first end of the second fixing member 35 has a protrusion 351, which is the end close to the clutch wheel 321. The clutch wheel 321 has a limiting step 3213 that abuts against the protrusion 351. The contact of 3213 causes the limiting step 3213 to limit the protrusion 351. The protrusion 351 is subjected to the downward pressure of the second fixing member 35, which applies pressure to the limiting step 3213. The clutch wheel 321 presses the first wheel tooth 3111 and the second wheel tooth 3211, making the meshing relationship between the first wheel tooth 3111 and the second wheel tooth 3211 tighter, preventing the position relationship between the two from loosening, ensuring stable transmission between the clutch wheel 321 and the first extrusion wheel 311, so that the consumable extrusion can achieve uninterrupted and uniform feeding.

[0032] It should be noted that if the transmission and disconnection of power are controlled by connecting and disconnecting the first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 to achieve color switching in multi-color printing, the clutch assembly 32 will be in motion, pushing the stationary first extrusion roller 311 to move synchronously; or the clutch assembly 32 and the first extrusion roller 311 will gradually separate during the synchronous movement. If the switching process between the dynamic and static states of the first extrusion roller 311 is not smooth and stable enough, the extrusion of consumables will be discontinuous. However, by keeping the first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 in a constant transmission connection, no relative movement is generated, ensuring a uniform and continuous output of consumable extrusion and supply, thus guaranteeing print quality.

[0033] Optionally, in one specific embodiment, the clutch wheel 321 and the second fixing member 35 are fixedly connected, the second fixing member 35 is sleeved on the external power source fixing shaft, and the clutch wheel 321 and the second fixing member 35 can rotate around the fixing shaft; in another specific embodiment, the second fixing member 35 is sleeved on the external power source fixing shaft and fixedly connected to the fixing shaft, and the clutch wheel 321 can rotate around the second fixing member 35 and the fixing shaft.

[0034] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 4, further, the first extrusion wheel 311 is axially fixed relative to the first fixed member 34; the clutch wheel 321 is axially fixed relative to the second fixed member 35; the first extrusion wheel 311 includes a first gear tooth 3111, and the clutch wheel 321 includes a second gear tooth 3211, the first gear tooth 3111 and the second gear tooth 3211 always maintain a driving connection; both the first gear tooth 3111 and the second gear tooth 3211 are bevel gears, the second gear tooth 3211 is axially arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the first gear tooth 3111 is axially arranged along the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, the first gear tooth 3111 and the second gear tooth 3211 can descend synchronously along the Z-axis direction.

[0035] Understandably, the first extrusion wheel 311 is axially fixed relative to the first fixed member 34; the clutch wheel 321 is axially fixed relative to the second fixed member 35, so that the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch wheel 321 can rotate relative to the first fixed member 34 and the second fixed member 35, respectively. The first gear tooth 3111 and the second gear tooth 3211 are both bevel gears, which can complete the power transmission between the intersecting axes of the clutch wheel 321 and the first extrusion wheel 311 in a small space, reducing the space occupied by the structure. The second gear tooth 3211 is axially arranged along the Z-axis, and the first gear tooth 3111 is axially arranged perpendicular to the Z-axis. The first and second gear teeth 3111 and 3211 can descend synchronously along the Z-axis, resulting in a perpendicular axial intersection of the first and second gear teeth 3111 during the descent of the extrusion printing mechanism 1. This ensures that the clutch wheel 321 and the first extrusion wheel 311 are tightly engaged throughout the descent process. As core components affecting print quality, the clutch wheel 321 and the first extrusion wheel 311 have simple motion trajectories, moving only in the Z-axis direction without X-axis or Y-axis components during descent. This facilitates precise control, ensures high reliability and stability of the transmission process, and ultimately improves print quality. Furthermore, the tooth surface contact of the bevel gears gradually occurs along the generatrix of the cone. This contact method promotes uniform force transmission, making the entire transmission process more efficient and smooth, and preventing poor transmission between the clutch wheel 321 and the first extrusion wheel 311 from affecting the extrusion continuity of the first extrusion wheel 311.

[0036] Referring further to Figures 1, 2, and 4, the printhead assembly 20 includes a printhead mounting base 21, a connecting rod 22, and a printhead 23 arranged sequentially. The printhead mounting base 21 is connected to the extruder mounting base 33. An elastic element 24 and a limiting element 25 are sleeved on the connecting rod 22, with both ends of the elastic element 24 abutting against the printhead mounting base 21 and the limiting element 25, respectively. The extruder assembly 30 also includes a handle 314, which is rotatably connected to the extruder mounting base 33. A second extrusion wheel 312 is located at one end of the handle 314 near the first extrusion wheel 311, and the second extrusion wheel 312 is rotatably connected to the handle 314. A gap 313 is provided between the second extrusion wheel 312 and the first extrusion wheel 311. The connecting rod 22 has a connecting hole 221, which is correspondingly provided with the gap 313. The number of printhead assemblies 20 is equal to the number of extruder assemblies 30.

[0037] Understandably, the connecting rod 22 serves to connect the extruder assembly 30 and the printhead assembly 20, and the connecting hole 221 on the connecting rod 22 is used to guide the consumables extruded by the extruder assembly 30 into the printhead assembly 20. The elastic element 24 is used for automatic reset after the extrusion printing mechanism 1 moves. Since the limiting element 25 and the elastic element 24 are sleeved on the connecting rod 22, the two ends of the elastic element 24 abut against the printhead fixing seat 21 and the limiting element 25, respectively. The limiting element 25 limits one end of the elastic element 24. When the extrusion printing mechanism 1 is driven to move, the other end of the elastic element 24 moves accordingly, causing the elastic element 24 to deform, thereby storing a certain amount of elastic potential energy for automatic reset. Since there is a gap 313 between the second extrusion roller 312 and the first extrusion roller 311, the connecting rod 22 has a connecting hole 221 corresponding to the gap 313, so that the gap 313 and the connecting hole 221 are connected, forming a smooth consumable movement channel. The handle 314 is rotatably connected to the extruder mounting base 33. The second extrusion roller 312 is located at the end of the handle 314 near the first extrusion roller 311. The second extrusion roller 312 is rotatably connected to the handle 314. By rotating the handle 314, the second extrusion roller 312 located at the end of the handle 314 near the first extrusion roller 311 moves accordingly. This allows adjustment of the distance between the second extrusion roller 312 and the first extrusion roller 311, facilitating the installation and replacement of consumables, adapting to consumables of different diameters, controlling extrusion pressure, and preventing consumables from failing to pass smoothly through the first extrusion roller 311 or slipping during extrusion, which would affect the continuity and accuracy of printing. This ensures that the consumables are stably and smoothly fed into the printhead assembly 20. The number of printhead assemblies 20 is equal to the number of extruder assemblies 30, ensuring a one-to-one correspondence between the printhead assemblies 20 and the extruder assemblies 30.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 5. The second embodiment of this application provides a multi-color printing mechanism 100, which includes a plurality of extrusion printing mechanisms 1 of the first embodiment of this application.

[0039] Understandably, the multicolor printing mechanism 100 has the same beneficial effects as the extrusion printing mechanism 1 described above, and will not be elaborated here.

[0040] Referring to Figures 4 to 7, the extruder assembly 30 further includes a clutch assembly 32, and the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32 are connected in a transmission manner. The multi-color printing mechanism 100 also includes a base 110, a switching assembly 120 and a drive assembly 130. The switching assembly 120 includes a gear ring 121 and a top block 122. The gear ring 121 is rotatably connected to the base 110, and the top block 122 is connected to the gear ring 121. The gear ring 121 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the multiple extrusion printing mechanisms 1. The extrusion printing mechanism 1 is provided with a pressure block 211. When the gear ring 121 rotates to the point where the top block 122 abuts against the pressure block 211, the extrusion printing mechanism 1 descends. When the clutch assembly 32 descends to a preset transmission position, the clutch assembly 32 and the drive assembly 130 are connected in a transmission manner.

[0041] Understandably, the multi-color printing mechanism 100 includes multiple extrusion printing mechanisms 1, each corresponding to a different printing color. Consumables of different colors are extruded through different extrusion printing mechanisms 1. When a color needs to be switched, the gear ring 121 is rotated so that the top block 122 abuts against the pressure block 211 of the extrusion printing mechanism 1 of the corresponding color. The extrusion printing mechanism 1 descends so that the first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 descend synchronously. When the clutch assembly 32 descends to the preset transmission position, the clutch assembly 32 and the drive assembly 130 are connected by transmission. The clutch assembly 32 is driven by the power of the drive assembly 130 to drive the first extrusion roller 311 to feed the consumables of the corresponding color, thereby achieving efficient and fast waste-free printing. Since the switching assembly 120 includes a gear ring 121 and a top block 122, the gear ring 121 is rotatably connected to the base 110, and the top block 122 is connected to the gear ring 121. When the gear ring 121 rotates to the point where the top block 122 abuts against the pressure block 211, the top block 122 abuts against the downward extrusion printing mechanism 1 and descends. The above configuration converts the rotational motion of the gear ring 121 into the linear motion of the top block 122 abutting against the downward extrusion printing mechanism 1 and descending. When color switching is required, for a specific extrusion printing mechanism 1, the descent adjustment can be achieved simply by rotating the gear ring 121 to the corresponding position of the specific extrusion printing mechanism 1, and the top block 122 abutting against the pressure block 211 to apply downward pressure. The operation is convenient and the control is precise. Since the extrusion feeding of the first extrusion wheel 311 is not achieved by the relative motion between the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32, switching from a disengaged state to an engaged state to establish a transmission connection to provide power. Instead, the extrusion printing mechanism 1 is controlled to descend as a whole. When the clutch assembly 32 descends to the preset transmission position, the clutch assembly 32 and the drive assembly 130 are connected, thereby enabling the drive assembly 130 to transmit power from the clutch assembly 32 to the first extrusion roller 311 for extrusion feeding. The first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 do not switch between disengagement and engagement, but always maintain a fixed relative position and transmission connection, without relative movement of disengagement and engagement. This avoids the problem of discontinuous material extrusion caused by the unstable transmission during the switching of the first extrusion roller 311 and the clutch assembly 32 between disengagement and engagement. When the clutch assembly 32 descends to the preset transmission position, the clutch assembly 32 and the drive assembly 130 are connected in transmission. The drive assembly 130 drives the clutch assembly 32, which in turn drives the first extrusion wheel 311. The clutch assembly 32 and the first extrusion wheel 311 always remain in an engaged connection. The lifting and lowering of the extrusion printing mechanism 1 controls whether the clutch assembly 32 is connected to the drive assembly 130. The fact that the clutch assembly 32 and the first extrusion wheel 311 always remain in an engaged connection ensures that the consumables can be supplied evenly, continuously and without interruption, avoiding local breaks or material shortages that could affect the integrity of the printed structure and improving the printing quality.

[0042] Optionally, the base 110 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the switching assembly 120. The base 110 and the switching assembly 120 are rotatably connected. The base 110 provides support and limits the switching assembly 120, and the coaxial arrangement of the two facilitates the rotational adjustment of the switching assembly 120. The base 110 abuts against the limiting member 25. Since the two ends of the elastic member 24 abut against the printhead fixing seat 21 and the limiting member 25 respectively, when the switching assembly 120 drives the extrusion printing mechanism 1 to descend, the elastic member 24 can store elastic potential energy for resetting. When the switching assembly 120 moves to a position where it does not drive the extrusion printing mechanism 1 to descend, the elastic member 24 releases elastic potential energy to reset the extrusion printing mechanism 1. Therefore, the extrusion printing mechanism 1 can move up and down relative to the base 110.

[0043] Optionally, the switching component 120 also includes a second elastic element 123, which, in addition to the top block 122 resetting by its own gravity, can also provide elastic force to assist the top block 122 in resetting.

[0044] Referring to Figures 5, 6, 8, and 9, further details are provided: the pressure block 211 is provided with an inclined surface 2111, which corresponds to the top block 122. The direction of rotation of the gear ring 121 along the extension direction of the inclined surface 2111 is defined as the positive direction. The gear ring 121 has a groove 1211, and the top block 122 is rotatably connected to the groove 1211. A second elastic element 123 is provided on the top block 122, and the two ends of the second elastic element 123 abut against the top block 122 and the groove 1211, respectively. The groove 1211 has a top block 122 on the side facing away from the positive direction, which abuts against the groove wall 1213 of the groove 1211. The top block protrudes from the groove and faces the center of the gear ring. The direction of rotation of the gear ring 121 facing away from the inclined surface 2111 is defined as the opposite direction. The groove 1211 has a receiving position 1212 on the side of the top block 122 facing away from the opposite direction. When the gear ring 121 rotates in the opposite direction, the top block 122 is squeezed by the pressure block 211 to rotate to the receiving position 1212.

[0045] Understandably, the inclined surface 2111 makes the positional relationship between the top block 122 and the pressure block 211 switch more smoothly from non-contact to contact, and can decompose the pressure of the top block 122 into components along the positive direction and the downward direction, which is beneficial for the extrusion printing mechanism 1 to be squeezed and descended. When the gear ring 121 rotates in the positive direction until the top block 122 and the pressure block 211 begin to contact, the side of the top block 122 facing away from the positive direction abuts against the groove wall 1213 of the groove 1211. The groove wall 1213 can provide stable support force on the side of the top block 122 facing away from the positive direction. When the top block 122 contacts the pressure block 211, the pressure block 211 generates reverse resistance against the top block 122. Since the groove wall 1213 is abutting against the back of the top block 122, the top block 122 will not move away from the positive direction due to the reverse resistance. Instead, as the gear ring 121 continues to rotate in the positive direction, the top block 122 is continuously driven forward and exerts a downward force on the pressure block 211 through the inclined surface 2111, thereby causing the pressure block 211 to drive the entire extrusion printing mechanism 1 to descend. A second elastic element 123 is provided on the top block 122. The two ends of the second elastic element 123 abut against the top block 122 and the groove 1211 respectively, and the second elastic element 123 plays a role in assisting the top block 122 to reset. The top block 122 protrudes from the groove 1211 towards the center of the gear ring 121, which facilitates the contact between the top block 122 and the pressure block 211. Since the groove 1211 has a receiving position 1212 on the opposite side of the top block 122, the receiving position 1212 cannot provide support for the top block 122. When the gear ring 121 rotates in the opposite direction, the top block 122 is subjected to the reverse resistance from the pressure block 211. The top block 122 and the groove 1211 are rotatably connected so that the reverse resistance drives the top block 122 to rotate to the receiving position 1212 to make room, and the top block 122 will not abut against the downward extrusion printing mechanism 1. Because the toothed ring 121 rotates in the positive direction, the top block 122 presses down on the extrusion printing mechanism 1, and the toothed ring 121 rotates in the negative direction, the top block 122 does not press down on the extrusion printing mechanism 1. By combining the positive and negative rotation of the toothed ring 121, it is possible to flexibly control the extrusion printing mechanism 1 corresponding to a specific color to descend.

[0046] Optionally, during multi-color printing color switching, if there are other extrusion printing mechanisms 1 between the extrusion printing mechanism 1 corresponding to the color being switched and the top block 122 in the forward direction, the top block 122 rotates in the reverse direction to pass through the extrusion printing mechanism 1, and then rotates in the forward direction to abut and press down on the extrusion printing mechanism 1 to descend. If the gear ring 121 is rotated directly in the forward direction, the top block 122 will abut and press down on multiple extrusion printing mechanisms 1 in sequence, causing unnecessary descent of other extrusion printing mechanisms 1. However, by having the top block 122 rotate in the reverse direction to pass through the extrusion printing mechanism 1 corresponding to the color being switched, and then rotates in the forward direction to abut and press down to control the descent, and the top block 122 does not abut and press down when rotating in the reverse direction, it is possible to control only the descent of the extrusion printing mechanism 1 corresponding to the color being switched, making the control more precise and efficient.

[0047] Referring to Figures 6 and 9, further, the number of top blocks 122 is a single one; or, the number of top blocks 122 is two, with the two top blocks 122 set at a distance of 120° to 150° from the center of the toothed ring 121; when the top block 122 that is closer to the pressure block 211 in the positive direction comes into contact with the pressure block 211, the extrusion printing mechanism 1 descends.

[0048] Understandably, when there is only one top block 122, the descent of the extrusion printing mechanism 1 can be controlled by the contact between the top block 122 and the pressure block 211. When there are two top blocks 122, the efficiency of the top blocks 122 reaching the corresponding position to contact the descent of the extrusion printing mechanism 1 can be improved by combining the forward and reverse rotation control of the top blocks 122. Setting the distance between the two top blocks 122 and the center of the toothed ring 121 within the range of 120° to 150° can balance the rotation angle range of the top blocks 122 in the forward and reverse directions, shorten the maximum rotation distance required for the top blocks 122 to contact the pressure block 211 for adjustment, and improve the speed and efficiency of the adjustment of the top blocks 122. Optionally, the interval angle is 135°.

[0049] Referring to Figures 1, 10, and 11, the drive assembly 130 further includes a power source 131 and a drive member 132. The power source 131 is connected to the drive member 132 in a transmission manner. When the clutch assembly 32 moves relative to the drive member 132 to a preset transmission position, the drive member 132 is connected to the clutch assembly 32 in a transmission manner. When the clutch assembly 32 moves relative to the drive member 132 to a preset disengagement position, the drive member 132 is disconnected from the clutch assembly 32 in a power transmission manner. The clutch assembly 32 includes a clutch wheel 321, which is coaxially arranged with the drive member 132. One of the clutch wheel 321 and the drive member 132 is provided with a protrusion 3212, and the other is provided with a slot 1321. When the clutch wheel 321 moves relative to the drive member 132 to the preset transmission position, the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 abut against each other. The sides of the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 that are close to each other are set as corresponding inclined surfaces.

[0050] Understandably, the power source 131 is connected to the drive component 132, and the power source 131 provides power to the drive component 132. By controlling the relative position of the clutch assembly 32 and the drive component 132, the drive clutch assembly 32 can be controlled. When the clutch wheel 321 has not descended to the preset transmission position, the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 do not form an abutting limiting relationship, and the drive component 132 cannot provide power to the clutch wheel 321. When the clutch wheel 321 descends to the preset transmission position, the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 abut, and a force can be applied between the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 to play a stable limiting role. The clutch wheel 321 and the drive component 132 establish a transmission relationship, and the drive component 132 drives the first extrusion wheel 311 to extrude material output by driving the clutch wheel 321. The sides of the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 that are close to each other are set as corresponding inclined surfaces, which can guide the engagement process of the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321, making the position state switching of the clutch wheel 321 and the drive component 132 more precise and smooth.

[0051] Optionally, in one specific embodiment, the clutch wheel 321 is provided with a protrusion 3212, and the drive assembly 130 is provided with a corresponding slot 1321; in another specific embodiment, the clutch wheel 321 is provided with a slot 1321, and the drive assembly 130 is provided with a corresponding protrusion 3212. One of the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 is provided with a guide angle so that when the clutch wheel 321 descends, the protrusion 3212 and the slot 1321 can make smoother contact, thereby reducing impact and making the transmission more stable.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 12. The third embodiment of this application provides a 3D printing device 200, which includes the extrusion printing mechanism 1 of the first embodiment of this application.

[0053] Understandably, the 3D printing equipment 200 has the same beneficial effects as the extrusion printing mechanism 1 described above, and will not be elaborated here.

[0054] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0055] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0056] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0057] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the extrusion printing mechanism, multi-color printing mechanism, and 3D printing equipment provided in this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0060] 1. This application provides an extrusion printing mechanism, which includes a printhead assembly and an extruder assembly fixedly connected. The extruder assembly includes a first extrusion roller and a second extrusion roller that cooperate with each other. The consumable material is extruded from between the first and second extrusion rollers and enters the printhead assembly. In existing multi-color printing solutions, when switching colors, the second extrusion roller corresponding to the previous color moves away from the first extrusion roller, causing the corresponding printhead assembly to rise and shorten the distance between it and the first extrusion roller. Conversely, the second extrusion roller corresponding to the next color moves closer to the first extrusion roller to drive the extruded consumable material to the printhead assembly, causing the corresponding printhead assembly to descend for printing. The printhead assembly moves away from the first extrusion roller, increasing the distance between them, thus achieving multi-color printing color switching. During the switching process, the distance between the printhead assembly and the first and second extrusion rollers changes. Because there is an unsupported area around the consumable material between the printhead assembly and the first extrusion roller, an increase in the distance between the printhead assembly and the first extrusion roller will cause the unsupported area around the consumable material to become too long, leading to the consumable material bending and being unable to advance in the unsupported area, resulting in printing failure. By setting up an extrusion printing mechanism that includes a fixedly connected printhead assembly and an extruder assembly, the extruder assembly comprises a first extrusion roller and a second extrusion roller that cooperate with each other. The distance between the printhead assembly and the first and second extrusion rollers remains constant, maintaining a fixed relative position without relative movement. During color switching, they move as a whole, preventing changes in the unsupported areas around the filament from affecting filament delivery between the printhead assembly and the extruder assembly. The filament is fully supported and constrained as it travels from the extruder assembly to the printhead assembly, preventing problems such as filament bending, jamming, or blockage caused by excessive unsupported areas. This is especially important for flexible and easily bent filaments. This ensures a uniform, continuous, and stable output of filament, reducing abnormalities such as filament separation and breakage, guaranteeing the integrity of the printed structure, and effectively improving print quality.

[0061] 2. In this embodiment, since the extruder assembly 30 also includes a clutch assembly 32, the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32 are connected by a transmission, ensuring that the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32 do not switch between transmission connection and disengagement, always maintaining a fixed relative position and preventing relative movement. This avoids uneven transmission between the first extrusion wheel 311 and the clutch assembly 32 due to the switching between transmission connection and disengagement, ensuring continuous extrusion of consumables. The connection between the first and second fixing members in the extruder mounting provides stable support for the first extrusion wheel and the clutch wheel, ensuring the positional accuracy of the meshing of the first extrusion wheel and the clutch wheel, and ensuring that the clutch wheel efficiently and stably transmits power to the first extrusion wheel. Since the second end of the second fixing member has a slot, and the second end is the end away from the clutch wheel, the extruder assembly also includes a locking block corresponding to the slot. The interaction between the locking block and the slot and the first fixing member generates downward pressure on the second fixing member because the first end of the second fixing member has a protrusion. The first end of the clutch wheel is near the clutch wheel. The clutch wheel is provided with a limiting step that abuts against the protrusion. The abutment between the protrusion and the limiting step makes the limiting step limit the protrusion. The protrusion is subjected to the downward pressure of the second fixing member, which applies pressure to the limiting step and presses the first wheel tooth and the second wheel tooth through the clutch wheel, making the meshing relationship between the first wheel tooth and the second wheel tooth tighter, preventing the position relationship between the two from loosening, ensuring stable transmission between the clutch wheel and the first extrusion wheel, so that the consumable extrusion can achieve uninterrupted and uniform feeding.

[0062] 3. In this embodiment, the first extrusion wheel is axially fixed relative to the first fixed member; the clutch wheel is axially fixed relative to the second fixed member, allowing the first extrusion wheel and the clutch wheel to rotate relative to the first and second fixed members, respectively. Both the first and second wheel teeth are bevel gears, enabling power transmission between the intersecting axes of the clutch wheel and the first extrusion wheel within a smaller space, reducing structural space requirements. The second wheel teeth are axially arranged along the Z-axis, and the first wheel teeth are axially arranged perpendicular to the Z-axis. The first and second wheel teeth can descend synchronously along the Z-axis, resulting in a perpendicular intersecting relationship between the first and second wheel teeth during the descent of the extrusion printing mechanism. This ensures that the clutch wheel and the first extrusion wheel are tightly engaged throughout the descent process. As core components affecting print quality, the clutch wheel and the first extrusion wheel have simple motion trajectories, performing only a single motion in the Z-axis direction without X-axis or Y-axis components during descent. This facilitates precise control, ensures high reliability and stability of the transmission process, and ultimately helps improve print quality. Furthermore, the tooth surface contact of the bevel gear is gradually carried out along the generatrix of the cone. This contact method is conducive to the uniform transmission of force, making the entire transmission process more efficient and smooth, and avoiding the impact of poor transmission between the clutch wheel and the first extrusion wheel on the extrusion continuity of the first extrusion wheel.

[0063] 4. In this embodiment, the printhead assembly includes a printhead mounting base, a connecting rod, and a printhead arranged sequentially. The printhead mounting base is connected to an extruder mounting base. An elastic element and a limiting element are sleeved on the connecting rod, with both ends of the elastic element abutting against the printhead mounting base and the limiting element, respectively. The extruder assembly also includes a handle, which is rotatably connected to the extruder mounting base. A second extrusion wheel is located at the end of the handle near the first extrusion wheel, and the second extrusion wheel is rotatably connected to the handle. A gap is provided between the second extrusion wheel and the first extrusion wheel. The connecting rod has a connecting hole, which corresponds to the gap. The connecting rod connects the extruder assembly and the printhead assembly, and the connecting hole on the connecting rod is used to guide the consumables extruded by the extruder assembly into the printhead assembly. The elastic element is used for automatic reset after the extrusion printing mechanism moves. Since the limiting element and the elastic element are sleeved on the connecting rod, both ends of the elastic element abut against the printhead fixing seat and the limiting element, respectively. The limiting element limits one end of the elastic element. When the extrusion printing mechanism is driven to move, the other end of the elastic element moves accordingly, causing the elastic element to deform and store a certain amount of elastic potential energy for automatic reset. Because there is a gap between the second extrusion roller and the first extrusion roller, the connecting rod has a connecting hole corresponding to the gap, allowing the gap to communicate with the connecting hole and forming a smooth consumable movement channel. The handle is rotatably connected to the extruder base. The second extrusion roller is located at the end of the handle near the first extrusion roller, and is rotatably connected to the handle. By rotating the handle, the second extrusion roller at the end of the handle near the first extrusion roller moves accordingly, allowing adjustment of the distance between the second and first extrusion rollers. This facilitates the installation and replacement of consumables, adapts to consumables of different diameters, controls extrusion pressure, and prevents consumables from failing to pass smoothly through the first extrusion roller or slipping during extrusion, which could affect printing continuity and accuracy. This ensures that the consumables are stably and smoothly fed into the printhead assembly. The number of printhead assemblies is equal to the number of extruder assemblies, ensuring a one-to-one correspondence between the printhead and extruder assemblies.

[0064] 5. This application also provides a multi-color printing mechanism, which includes multiple extrusion printing mechanisms as described above, and has the same beneficial effects as the extrusion printing mechanism described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] 6. In this embodiment, the multi-color printing mechanism includes multiple extrusion printing mechanisms, each corresponding to a different printing color. Different colored consumables are extruded through different extrusion printing mechanisms. When switching colors, the gear ring is rotated so that the top block abuts against the pressure block of the corresponding color's extrusion printing mechanism. The extrusion printing mechanism descends, causing the first extrusion wheel and clutch wheel to descend synchronously. When the clutch wheel descends to a preset transmission position, the clutch wheel and drive assembly are connected, and the clutch wheel, driven by the drive assembly, propels the first extrusion wheel to feed the corresponding color consumable, achieving efficient and rapid waste-free printing. Since the switching component includes a gear ring and a top block, the gear ring is rotatably connected to the base, and the top block is connected to the gear ring. When the gear ring rotates to the point where the top block abuts against the pressure block, the top block abuts against and lowers the extrusion printing mechanism. The above configuration converts the rotational motion of the gear ring into the linear motion of the top block pressing down on the extrusion printing mechanism. When color switching is required, for a specific extrusion printing mechanism, the descent adjustment can be achieved simply by rotating the gear ring to the corresponding position of the specific extrusion printing mechanism, and the top block applying downward pressure to the pressure block. This allows for convenient operation and precise control. Since the extrusion feeding of the first extrusion wheel is not achieved by the relative motion between the first extrusion wheel and the clutch wheel, switching from a separated state to an engaged state to establish a transmission connection to provide power, this mechanism is not designed to provide power. Instead, the extrusion printing mechanism is controlled to descend as a whole. When the clutch wheel descends to the preset transmission position, the clutch wheel and the drive component are connected, thereby enabling the drive component to transmit power from the clutch wheel to the first extrusion wheel for extrusion feeding. The first extrusion wheel and the clutch wheel do not switch between disengagement and engagement, but always maintain a fixed relative position and transmission connection. This avoids the problem of discontinuous material extrusion caused by the unstable transmission during the switching between disengagement and engagement of the first extrusion wheel and the clutch wheel. When the clutch wheel descends to the preset transmission position, the clutch wheel and the drive component are connected, and the drive component drives the clutch wheel, which in turn drives the first extrusion wheel. The clutch wheel and the first extrusion wheel always maintain an engaged connection. The lifting and lowering of the extrusion printing mechanism controls whether the clutch wheel is connected to the drive component. The fact that the clutch wheel and the first extrusion wheel always maintain an engaged connection ensures that the material can be supplied evenly, continuously and without interruption, avoiding local breaks or missing materials that affect the integrity of the printed structure and improving print quality.

[0066] 7. In this embodiment, the inclined surface makes the positional relationship between the top block and the pressure block smoother from non-contact to contact, and can decompose the pressure of the top block into components along the positive direction and the downward direction, which is beneficial for the extrusion printing mechanism to descend under pressure. When the gear ring rotates in the positive direction until the top block and the pressure block begin to contact, since the side of the top block facing away from the positive direction abuts against the groove wall, the groove wall can provide stable support on the side of the top block facing away from the positive direction. When the top block contacts the pressure block, the pressure block generates reverse resistance against the top block. Since the back of the top block is supported by the groove wall, the top block will not move away from the positive direction due to the reverse resistance. Instead, as the gear ring continues to rotate in the positive direction, the top block continues to be driven forward, and applies a downward force to the pressure block through the inclined surface, thereby causing the pressure block to drive the entire extrusion printing mechanism to descend. A second elastic element is provided on the top block, with its two ends abutting against the top block and the groove respectively. The second elastic element plays a role in assisting the top block to reset. The top block protrudes from the groove towards the center of the gear ring, which facilitates the contact between the top block and the pressure block. Because the groove has a receiving position on the opposite side of the top block, this receiving position cannot provide support for the top block. When the gear ring rotates in the opposite direction, the top block experiences reverse resistance from the pressure block. The rotatable connection between the top block and the groove allows the reverse resistance to drive the top block to rotate to the receiving position, creating a clearance. The top block will not press against the extrusion printing mechanism as it descends. Because the top block presses against the extrusion printing mechanism when the gear ring rotates in the forward direction, and does not press against the extrusion printing mechanism when the gear ring rotates in the reverse direction, the rotation of the gear ring in both directions can be combined to flexibly control the extrusion printing mechanism corresponding to a specific color to descend only.

[0067] 8. In this embodiment, when there is only one top block, the descent of the extrusion printing mechanism can be controlled by the contact between the top block and the pressure block. When there are two top blocks, the efficiency of the top blocks reaching the corresponding position to contact the descent of the extrusion printing mechanism can be improved by combining the forward and reverse rotation control of the top blocks. Setting the distance between the two top blocks and the center of the toothed ring within the range of 120° to 150° can balance the rotation angle range of the top blocks in the forward and reverse directions, shorten the maximum rotation distance required when the top blocks contact the pressure block for adjustment, and improve the speed and efficiency of top block adjustment.

[0068] 9. In this embodiment, the power source and the drive component are connected by a transmission, and the power source provides power to the drive component. By controlling the relative position of the clutch assembly and the drive component, the drive clutch assembly can be controlled. When the clutch wheel has not descended to the preset transmission position, the protrusion and the slot do not form a contact limiting relationship, and the drive component cannot provide power to the clutch wheel. When the clutch wheel descends to the preset transmission position, the protrusion and the slot abut, and a force can be applied between the protrusion and the slot to play a stable limiting role. The clutch wheel and the drive component establish a transmission relationship, and the drive component drives the first extrusion wheel to extrude material output by driving the clutch wheel. The sides of the protrusion and the slot that are close to each other are set as corresponding inclined surfaces, which can guide the cooperation process of the protrusion and the slot, making the position state switching of the clutch wheel and the drive component more precise and smooth.

[0069] 10. This application also provides a 3D printing device that has the same beneficial effects as the extrusion printing mechanism described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0070] The above provides a detailed description of an extrusion printing mechanism, a multi-color printing mechanism, and a 3D printing device disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An extrusion printing mechanism (1), wherein, The extrusion printing mechanism (1) includes a printhead assembly (20) and an extruder assembly (30) fixedly connected. The extruder assembly (30) includes a first extrusion roller (311) and a second extrusion roller (312) that are configured to cooperate with each other. The consumable material is extruded from between the first extrusion roller (311) and the second extrusion roller (312) and enters the printhead assembly (20).

2. The extrusion printing mechanism (1) as described in claim 1, wherein: The extruder assembly (30) further includes a clutch assembly (32), and the first extrusion wheel (311) and the clutch assembly (32) are connected in a driving connection; the extruder assembly (30) further includes an extruder base (33), a first fixing member (34) and a second fixing member (35), the first fixing member (34) is connected to the extruder base (33), the first extrusion wheel (311) is sleeved on the first fixing member (34), the second fixing member (35) is connected to the first fixing member (34), and the clutch assembly (32) includes a clutch wheel (321), the clutch wheel (321) and the clutch wheel (321) are connected in a driving connection. 1) Sleeve on the second fixing member (35), the first end of the second fixing member (35) is provided with a protrusion (351), the clutch wheel (321) is provided with a limiting step (3213) that abuts against the protrusion (351), the second end of the second fixing member (35) is provided with a slot (352), the second end is used to pass through the clutch wheel (321) and the first fixing member (34), the extruder assembly (30) also includes a locking block (36) corresponding to the slot (352), the locking block (36) abuts against the slot (352) and the first fixing member (34).

3. The extrusion printing mechanism (1) as described in claim 2, wherein: The first extrusion wheel (311) is axially fixed relative to the first fixing member (34); the clutch wheel (321) is axially fixed relative to the second fixing member (35); the first extrusion wheel (311) includes a first gear tooth (3111), the clutch wheel (321) includes a second gear tooth (3211), the first gear tooth (3111) and the second gear tooth (3211) are always in drive connection; the first gear tooth (3111) and the second gear tooth (3211) are both bevel gears, the second gear tooth (3211) is axially arranged along the Z-axis direction, the first gear tooth (3111) is axially arranged along the perpendicular Z-axis direction, and the first gear tooth (3111) and the second gear tooth (3211) can descend synchronously along the Z-axis direction.

4. The extrusion printing mechanism (1) as described in claim 2, wherein: The printhead assembly (20) includes a printhead holder (21), a connecting rod (22), and a printhead (23) arranged sequentially. The printhead holder (21) is connected to the extruder holder (33). An elastic element (24) and a limiting element (25) are sleeved on the connecting rod (22). The two ends of the elastic element (24) abut against the printhead holder (21) and the limiting element (25) respectively. The extruder assembly (30) also includes a handle (314), which rotates with the extruder holder (33). The second extrusion wheel (312) is located at one end of the handle (314) near the first extrusion wheel (311), and the second extrusion wheel (312) is rotatably connected to the handle (314); a gap (313) is provided between the second extrusion wheel (312) and the first extrusion wheel (311), and the connecting rod (22) has a connecting hole (221), which is correspondingly provided with the gap (313); the number of the printhead assembly (20) is equal to the number of the extruder assembly (30).

5. A multi-color printing mechanism (100), wherein: The multicolor printing mechanism (100) includes a plurality of extrusion printing mechanisms (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The multi-color printing mechanism (100) as described in claim 5, wherein: The extruder assembly (30) further includes a clutch assembly (32), and the first extrusion wheel (311) and the clutch assembly (32) are connected in a transmission connection; the multicolor printing mechanism (100) further includes a base (110), a switching assembly (120) and a drive assembly (130), the switching assembly (120) includes a gear ring (121) and a top block (122), the gear ring (121) is rotatably connected to the base (110), and the top block (122) is connected to the first extrusion wheel (311) and the first extrusion wheel (311) is rotatably connected to the first extrusion wheel (311); the multicolor printing mechanism (100) further includes a base (110), a switching assembly (120) and a drive assembly (130), the switching assembly (120) includes a gear ring (121) and a top block (122), the gear ring (121) is rotatably connected to the base (110), and the top block (122) is rotatably connected to the first extrusion wheel (311) and the first extrusion wheel (311) is rotatably connected to the first extrusion wheel (311); the multicolor printing mechanism (100) further includes a base (110), a switching assembly (120) and a drive assembly (130), the first extrusion wheel (311) and the first extrusion wheel (311) are rotatably connected to ... The gear ring (121) is connected and sleeved on multiple extrusion printing mechanisms (1). Each extrusion printing mechanism (1) is provided with a pressure block (211). When the gear ring (121) rotates to the point where the top block (122) abuts against the pressure block (211), the extrusion printing mechanism (1) descends. When the clutch assembly (32) descends to the preset transmission position, the clutch assembly (32) and the drive assembly (130) are connected in transmission.

7. The multi-color printing mechanism (100) as described in claim 6, wherein: The pressure block (211) is provided with an inclined surface (2111), which corresponds to the top block (122). The direction in which the gear ring (121) rotates along the extension direction of the inclined surface is defined as the positive direction. The gear ring (121) has a groove (1211). The top block (122) is rotatably connected to the groove (1211). A second elastic element (123) is provided on the top block (122). The two ends of the second elastic element (123) abut against the top block (122) and the groove (1211) respectively. The back of the top block (122) The top block (122) abuts against the groove wall (1213) of the groove (1211) on one side of the positive direction, and protrudes from the groove (1211) towards the center of the gear ring; the direction in which the gear ring (121) rotates away from the inclined plane extension direction is defined as the opposite direction, and the groove (1211) is provided with a receiving position (1212) on the side of the top block (122) away from the opposite direction. When the gear ring (121) rotates in the opposite direction, the top block (122) is squeezed by the pressure block (211) to rotate to the receiving position (1212).

8. The multi-color printing mechanism (100) as described in claim 7, wherein: The number of top blocks (122) is one; or, the number of top blocks (122) is two, and the two top blocks (122) are set at a distance of 120° to 150° from the center of the toothed ring (121); when the top block (122) that is closer to the pressure block (211) in the positive direction abuts the pressure block (211), the extrusion printing mechanism (1) descends.

9. The multi-color printing mechanism (100) as described in claim 6, wherein: The drive assembly (130) includes a power source (131) and a drive member (132). The power source (131) is driveably connected to the drive member (132). When the clutch assembly (32) moves relative to the drive member (132) to the preset transmission position, the drive member (132) is driveably connected to the clutch assembly (32). When the clutch assembly (32) moves relative to the drive member (132) to the preset disengagement position, the drive member (132) is disconnected from the clutch assembly (32). The device includes a clutch wheel (321) and a drive member (132) coaxially arranged. One of the clutch wheel (321) and the drive member (132) is provided with a protrusion (3212) and the other is provided with a slot (1321). When the clutch wheel (321) moves relative to the drive member (132) to the preset transmission position, the protrusion (3212) and the slot (1321) abut against each other. The sides of the protrusion (3212) and the slot (1321) that are close to each other are set as corresponding inclined surfaces.

10. A 3D printing apparatus (200), wherein, The 3D printing equipment (200) includes an extrusion printing mechanism (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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