Analog imaging with digital mask

Abstract

An analog imaging system includes an image sensor configured to receive a first segment of light corresponding to a segment to be imaged, a digital mask configured to selectively transmit a second segment of the light towards a film that is configured to receive the second segment of the light and generate an image of the segment, and a controller configured to generate, based on the first segment of the light received through the image sensor, a light intensity map including information associated with a plurality of intensity values corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment to be imaged, calculate, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment, and selectively control a plurality of areas of the digital mask for the plurality of time periods.

Description

Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101ANALOG IMAGING WITH DIGITAL MASKCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 772,219, filed on March 14, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] This disclosure relates to analog imaging, particularly to techniques for generating analog images with improved dynamic range.BACKGROUND

[0003] Analog imaging systems generate analog images based on received light segments. There is a need to generate analog images with improved dynamic range.SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure relates to techniques for analog imaging. According to the present disclosure, an analog image with improved dynamic range can be generated using a light intensity map and selective control of light transmission. A digital mask, controlled based on the light intensity map, can selectively transmit light during exposure processes.

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure relates to an analog imaging system. The system includes an image sensor configured to receive a first segment of light corresponding to a segment to be imaged, a digital mask configured to selectively transmit a second segment of the light towards a film that is configured to receive the second segment of the light and generate an image of the segment, and a controller configured to generate, based on the first segment of the light received through the image sensor, a light intensity map including information associated with a plurality of intensity values corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment to be imaged, calculated, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respectiveAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101portions of the segment, and selectively control a plurality of areas of the digital mask for the plurality of time periods.

[0006] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to calculate the plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment, the plurality of respective portions of the segment including each portion of the segment to be imaged. In some embodiments, the film is an instant film. In some embodiments, the system includes a shutter configured to control passage of the second segment of the light into the digital mask. In some embodiments, the image sensor is disposed upstream or downstream of the shutter. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the image sensor to receive the first segment of the light at a first time, and control the shutter for the film to receive the second segment of the light through the digital mask at a second time subsequent to the first time. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control a location of the digital mask such that the second segment of the light is directed to the film directly. In some embodiments, the plurality of respective portions of the segment include a first portion and a second portion. The controller is configured to increase a first transmittance of a first area of the digital mask corresponding to the first portion of the segment, and decrease a second transmittance of a second area of the digital mask corresponding to the second portion of the segment, the second portion of the segment having a higher light intensity compared to the first portion of the segment. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to selectively control the plurality of areas of the digital mask for the plurality of time periods, to adjust a visual property of the image generated on the film.

[0007] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates an analog imaging system. The system includes an optic configured to receive a segment of light to be imaged, an image sensor configured to receive a first segment of the light from the optic and generate a light intensity map of the segment, based on the first segment of the light, the light intensity map including a plurality of light intensity values of the segment, and a digital mask, located upstream of a film that is configured to receive a second segment of the light and generate an image of the segment, the digital mask configured to selectively control transmission of the second segment of the light towards the film, such that a plurality ofAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101portions of the film are exposed for a plurality of time periods, respectively, the plurality of time periods determined based on the light intensity map.

[0008] In some embodiments, the system includes a second optic disposed between the optic and the digital mask and configured to direct the second segment of the light into the film through the digital mask. In some embodiments, the second optic is a reflex mirror or a moving mirror. In some embodiments, the system includes a first optical path configured to receive the second segment of the light and direct into the film through the digital mask, and a second optical path configured to receive the second segment of the light and direct into the film directly. In some embodiments, at least one of the optic, the film, and the digital mask is movable such that the second segment of the light is directed towards the film without passing through the digital mask. In some embodiments, the image sensor is configured to receive the first segment of the light, the first segment of the light being out of focus. In some embodiments, the system includes a shutter configured to control passage of the second segment of the light into the digital mask. In some embodiments, the image sensor is disposed upstream or downstream of the shutter.

[0009] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for an analog imaging system. The method includes receiving a segment of light to be imaged, generating, based on a first segment of the light, a light intensity map of the segment, the light intensity map including information associated with a plurality of intensity values corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment to be imaged, calculating, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment, selectively adjusting transmission of a second segment of the light towards a film, such that a plurality of portions of the film are exposed for the plurality of time periods, respectively, and generating an image of the segment on the film based on the second segment of the light.

[0010] In some embodiments, calculating the plurality of time periods includes calculating the plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment, the plurality of portions of the segment including each and every portion of the segment to be imaged. In some embodiments, the film is an instant film, and wherein generating the image of the segment includes developing the film based on the secondAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101segment of the light. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving the first segment of the light at a first time, providing a preview of the segment to be imaged based on the first segment of the light, and receiving the second segment of the light at a second time subsequent to the first time. In some embodiments, the method includes selectively adjusting, based on the light intensity map, the transmission of the second segment of the light to adjust a visual property of the image generated on the film.

[0011] Both the foregoing summary and the following description of the drawings and detailed description are exemplary and explanatory. They are intended to provide further details but are not to be construed as limiting. Other objects, advantages, and features will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Aspects of the present disclosure can be understood from the following detailed description when read with the accompanying figures. In accordance with the standard practice in the industry, various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity of discussion.

[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an example imaging system, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example imaging system, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0015] FIG. 3 A and FIG. 3B illustrate example light intensity maps, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 4A illustrates an example scene to be imaged, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 4B illustrates an example light intensity map, in accordance with some embodiments.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0018] FIG. 4C illustrates an example image formed on a film, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0019] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example imaging system, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example imaging system, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0021] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow chart of an example method for an imaging system, in accordance with some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] While analog imaging systems (e.g., analog cameras) can offer a wider dynamic range of images than digital systems, their dynamic range may be limited by the development process. In general, the development process can involve a manual darkroom process using a heavily diluted reagent fluid, which is agitated over an extended period until a desired result is achieved. Although physical masks can be manually applied to selectively brighten or darken specific areas, achieving a high level of precision is difficult, if not impossible. Similar to digital systems, in which multiple exposures can be used (e.g., by combining bracketed or binned exposures with different exposure settings to generate a digital image), multiple exposures with varying light conditions may also be implemented in analog systems. However, achieving similar effects with a single shot in analog systems is difficult without manual processes, which often involve stillness of the imaging system and are both time-intensive and prone to error. Additionally, digital techniques may be challenging to integrate into analog systems, where photosensitive films are processed. In some cases, exposures may be made for shadows while the development time is limited to preserve highlights, resulting in a meticulous and labor-intensive process. As such, there is a need for analog imaging techniques with improved dynamic range (sometimes referred to as high dynamic range (HDR)), free from such manual processes. The present disclosure addresses this need.

[0023] The present disclosure is directed to techniques for analog imaging with improved dynamic range. According to the present disclosure, an image sensor can beAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101configured to receive a first segment of light to generate a light intensity map, which can include a plurality of light intensity values of the first segment of light. Based on the light intensity map, a digital mask can be configured and / or controlled to selectively control transmission of a second segment of light towards a film, such that a plurality of portions of the film can be exposed for a plurality of time periods, respectively, based on the light intensity map. In response to receiving the second segment of light, an image can be generated on the film. This approach enables improved dynamic range in analog systems without the need for multiple exposures or manual processes. Furthermore, the techniques disclosed herein are not limited by the resolution requirements of HDR exposure systems. This offers a cost effective, streamlined, and easy-to-produce technique to achieve HDR in analog settings. These techniques can be applied to analog photography, analog videography, various film sizes, different types of film, etc.

[0024] With the foregoing in mind, the figures and description below illustrate various examples of the techniques for analog imaging with improved dynamic range. The figures and description below are non-limiting examples and can be implemented as any of various other configurations while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0025] Referring to FIG. 1, a block diagram of an example imaging system 100 is illustrated, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the system 100 may be an analog camera (e.g., a film camera, a photographic / videographic image capture device, etc.). The system 100 can be configured to receive a segment of light corresponding to a scene to be imaged (e.g., a scene to be captured on a photosensitive film; an example scene shown in FIG. 4A). The system 100 can be configured to generate an analog image on a film in response to receiving the segment of the light.

[0026] The system 100 may include an optical device (an optic) 110. The optical device 110 includes various optical components to control the segment of the light in the system 100. In some embodiments, the optical device 110 may include, but not limited to, a lens, a mirror, etc. For example, the optical device 110 may include a first optic (e.g., a lens, an optical element) configured to receive the segment of the light corresponding to the scene to be imaged.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0027] The system 100 may include an image sensor 120. In some embodiments, the image sensor 120 may be or include, but not limited to, a charge-coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor, a digital image sensor, etc. The image sensor 120 may be any device configured to receive a first segment of the light corresponding to the segment to be imaged. In some embodiments, the image sensor 120 can be configured to receive the first segment of the light from the optical device 110. The image sensor 120 may be any device configured to measure and / or generate a light intensity map (e.g., as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, 4B, etc.) of the segment. In some embodiments, the image sensor 120 can be configured to generate the light intensity map based on the first segment of the light. In some embodiments, the light intensity map includes a gray-scale image that is generated based on the first segment of the light and corresponds to the scene to be captured on the film. In some embodiments, the light intensity map can include a plurality of light intensity values of the segment. For example, the plurality of light intensity values can represent brightness values, light intensity values, etc. of a plurality of portions of the gray-scale image. In some embodiments, the image sensor 120 can include an optic (e.g., a lens or a lens system). The image sensor 120 can be referred to as a “digital image capture module” when including such an optic.

[0028] The system 100 may include a digital mask 130. The digital mask 130 may be any device configured to selectively transmit a second segment of the light (the light corresponding to the segment to be imaged) towards the film. In some embodiments, the segment of the light can be split into the first segment of the light (e.g., received by the image sensor 120) and the second segment of the light (e.g., received by the digital mask 130). That is, the digital mask 130 can be configured to receive and / or control the second segment of the light, while the image sensor 120 receives the first segment of the light for the light intensity map. In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 can selectively control transmission of the second segment of the light towards the film. In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 can include a plurality of pixels that can be controlled to transmit (or partially transmit), block, or otherwise control a corresponding portion of the second segment of the light. In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 can be configured to selectively adjust transmittance (and / or transmittivity) of each of the plurality of pixels toAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101selectively control the transmission of the second segment of the light. In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 may be or include, but not limited to a liquid crystal display (LCD) without a backlight system or color filter, a transparent LCD, or any display device configured to provide a monochrome grayscale representation of what is displayed by blocking light that passes through the device. In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 can include one or more pixels that are substantially transparent (or transparent). These pixels allow light to pass through with minimal attenuation, enabling areas of the film to receive more light as needed. In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 can include one or more pixels that are substantially opaque (or opaque) or otherwise have properties that prevent light from passing through (e.g., by absorption, reflection, etc.). These pixels enable dimming high intensity light before the light reaches the film.

[0029] In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 can selectively control the transmission of the second segment of the light, ranging from 0% (e.g., “off’ state) to 100% (e.g., “on” state). In some embodiments, the digital mask 130 can selectively control the transmission of the second segment of the light, based on polarization state of the second segment of the light and the orientation of each pixel of the digital mask 130.

[0030] In some embodiments, the resolution of the digital mask 130 can be lower than the resolution of the film. The actual “high resolution” scene to be imaged can be fully analog and details of the scene to be imaged can be captured within a single pixel of the digital mask 130. The blurriness of the digital mask 130 can also reduce the flattening effect that would occur if each high resolution pixel were corrected to a specific exposure level. In some embodiments, the resolution of the digital mask 130 can be high enough to provide clear transitions between high and low exposure areas.

[0031] The system 100 can be configured such that the film can receive the second segment of the light (e.g., selectively transmitted from the digital mask 130) and generate an image (corresponding to the scene to be imaged). In some embodiments, the film may be any photosensitive films, any analog films, etc. For example, the film may be an instant film (e.g., Polaroid films) or any type of films where images are developed, exposed, and generated thereafter without a separate darkroom process. In some embodiments, the film includes one or more layers of chemicals that create an image (e.g., a photograph) uponAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101exposure. In some embodiments, the system 100 may optionally include a mechanism (such as an applicator) to apply a reagent paste across the exposed film, triggering the development process. This allows the system 100 to generate an HDR image in a single shot, without manual processes discussed above.

[0032] In some embodiments, the system 100 can be controlled by and / or include one or more controllers (hereinafter referred to as “controller”). The controller can be any computing device including one or more processors coupled with memory and / or software and configured to perform various processes and tasks described herein. In some embodiments, the controller can be in communication with at least one component of the system 100 and / or other devices.

[0033] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to generate, based on the first segment of the light received through the image sensor 120, the light intensity map. In some embodiments, the light intensity map can include, but not limited to, information associated with a plurality of intensity values corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment of the light corresponding to the scene to be imaged. For example, the segment of the light that represents the scene to be imaged can include a first portion having a higher light intensity (e.g., from a brighter portion in the scene) and a second portion having a lower light intensity (e.g., from a darker portion in the scene). The light intensity map can include the light intensity values (e.g., including the higher light intensity, the lower light intensity, etc.), thereby representing the segment of the light corresponding to the scene to be imaged in terms of light intensity.

[0034] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to calculate, control, or otherwise determine based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment of the light. For example, the controller can calculate a first time period for a first portion of the segment of the light based on a light intensity value of the first portion in the light intensity map. The controller can calculate a second time period for a second portion of the segment of the light based on a light intensity value of the second portion in the light intensity map. For example, the first time period may be longer than the second time period (e.g., when the light intensity value of the first portion is smaller than the light intensity value of the second portion). In someAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101embodiments, the controller can be configured to calculate the plurality of time periods as a function of the light intensity values. For example, the function may be, but not limited to, a monotonically decreasing function, such that the higher the light intensity value, the shorter the corresponding period.

[0035] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to selectively control a plurality of areas (e.g., the plurality of pixels) of the digital mask 130 for the plurality of time periods. In some embodiments, the plurality of time periods may be a plurality of exposure times, for which the plurality of areas of the digital mask 130 are controlled to allow the second segment of the light to pass towards the film. For example, the controller can control the digital mask 130 such that a first area (e.g., a first pixel) of the digital mask 130 allows a first corresponding portion of the second segment of the light to pass through for a first time period towards the film, and that a second area (e.g., a second pixel) of the digital mask 130 allows a second corresponding portion of the second segment of the light to pass through for a second time period towards the film.

[0036] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to control transmittance of the plurality of areas of the digital mask 130. For example, the controller can provide a signal configured to adjust polarization, refractive index, orientation (e.g., of the plurality of pixels), etc. of the plurality of areas of the digital mask 130. In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to increase a first transmittance of a first area of the digital mask 130 corresponding to a first portion of the segment, and decrease a second transmittance of a second area of the digital mask 130 corresponding to a second portion of the segment. This can improve dynamic range of the image generated, for example when the second portion of the segment has a higher light intensity compared to the first portion of the segment.

[0037] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to adjust a visual property of the image to be generated on the film. For example, based on the light intensity map, the controller can control blur, noise, sharpness, color saturation, etc. of the image to be generated on the film.

[0038] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to calculate the plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of theAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101segment, which include each and every portion of the segment to be imaged. In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to selectively control each and every area of the plurality of areas (e.g., the plurality of pixels) of the digital mask 130 for the plurality of time periods.

[0039] The imaging systems disclosed herein can be implemented with any variations without departing from departing from spirit and scope. The figures and description below are non-limiting examples and can be implemented as any of various other configurations while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example imaging system 200, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the system 200 may be substantially similar to or incorporate features of the system 100. In some embodiments, the system 200 may include a first optic 21, a shutter 22, a second optic 23, a digital image capture module 24 (including an image sensor 25 and a lens 26), a digital mask 28, and a film 29. FIG. 2 shows a projection path 27 of a segment of light between the first optic 21 and the digital mask 28. In some embodiments, the system 200 can include more, fewer, or different components than shown in the figure.

[0041] The first optic 21 can include various optical components to control the segment of the light corresponding to a scene to be imaged. In some embodiments, the first optic 21 may be or include one or more lens to receive the segment of the light from a scene to be captured on the film 29.

[0042] In some embodiments, the shutter 22 can be located between the first optic 21 and the second optic 23. The shutter 22 can be controlled to control passage of the segment of the light (e.g., received through the first optic 21) towards the second optic 23. In some embodiments, the shutter 22 can be configured to control passage of a first segment of the light into the digital image capture module 24. In some embodiments, the shutter 22 can be configured to control passage of a second segment of the light into the digital image capture module 24. In some embodiments, the shutter 22 can be placed downstream of the second optic 23 (e.g., a reflex mirror) (as shown in FIG. 5) such that the digital image capture module 24 can receive the first segment of the light (and / or generate the light intensity map) before the shutter 22 opens, which allows the image sensor 25 to be used forAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101electronic view finding purposes. In some embodiments, the shutter 22 may be omitted. For example, the system 200 can control the overall exposure based on the digital mask 28 (e.g., the digital mask 28 can block enough light to prevent premature exposure of the film 29).

[0043] In some embodiments, the second optic 23 can be configured to direct the segment of the light (e.g., received through the shutter 22) into the digital image capture module 24 (e.g., the first segment of the light) and / or into the film 29 through the digital mask 28 (e.g., the second segment of the light). As shown in FIG. 2, the second optic 23 can be disposed between the first optic 21 and the digital mask 28. In some embodiments, the second optic 23 may be or include, but not limited to, a reflex mirror, a moving mirror, etc. In some embodiments, the second optic 23 (e.g., the moving mirror) can be configured to move away (e.g., such that the segment of the light can be directed to the digital mask 28 and the film 29 without splitting into the digital image capture module 24) before the exposure of the film 29. In some embodiments, the second optic 23 can be selected, adjusted, or otherwise configured such that the light loss in the projection path 27 can be reduced. The digital image capture module 24 can be configured to generate the light intensity map based on a minimum amount of light (e.g., the first segment of the light, enough to generate the light intensity map).

[0044] In some embodiments, the digital image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) may be substantially similar to or incorporate features of the image sensor 120. The digital image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) can receive the first segment of the light from the second optic 23. The digital image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) may be any device configured to measure and / or generate a light intensity map of the segment of the light based on the first segment of the light. In some embodiments, the digital image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) can be placed together with the second optic 23 in the projection path 27. In some embodiments, the digital image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) can be disposed downstream (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2) or upstream (e.g., as shown in FIG. 5) of the shutter 22. In some embodiments, when disposed downstream, the digital image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) can be configured to perform view finding operations.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0045] In some embodiments, the digital image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) can be configured such that the first segment of the light it receives is at least partially out of focus. This can enable the image sensor 25 to generate a blurred image without additional post processing. This can reduce the cost of the system and increase the response time when taking a photograph.

[0046] In some embodiments, the digital mask 28 may be substantially similar to or incorporate features of the digital mask 130. The digital mask 28 can be configured to receive the second segment of the light from the second optic 23 and selectively transmit towards the film 29. In some embodiments, the digital mask 28 can selectively control transmission of the second segment of the light towards the film 29. In some embodiments, the digital mask 28 can be placed adjacent to the film 29 (e.g., rather than closer to the second optic 23), as shown in FIG. 2. In some embodiments, the digital mask 28 can be placed adjacent to the second optic 23 (e.g., downstream or upstream of the second optic 23; rather than closer to the digital mask 28) (now shown). In some embodiments, the digital mask 28 can be a mask smaller than the film 29 (not shown). For example, in a configuration in which the digital mask 28 is placed relatively closer to the second optic 23, the digital mask 28 can have a size smaller than that of the film 29.

[0047] The system 200 can be configured such that the film 29 can receive the second segment of the light (e.g., selectively transmitted from the digital mask 28) and generate an image (corresponding to the scene to be imaged). In some embodiments, the film 29 may be any photosensitive films, any analog films, etc. For example, the film 29 may be an instant film (e.g., Polaroid films) or any type of films where images are developed, exposed, and generated thereafter without a separate darkroom process. In some embodiments, the film 29 includes one or more layers of chemicals that create an image (e.g., a photograph) upon exposures (e.g., within minutes of exposure). In some embodiments, the film 29 may be a digital image sensor. In some embodiments, the system 200 may optionally include a mechanism (such as an applicator) to apply a reagent paste across the exposed film, triggering the development process. This allows the system 200 to generate an HDR image in a single shot, without manual processes as discussed above.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0048] In some embodiments, the system 200 can include a first optical path configured to receive the second segment of the light and direct into the film 29 through the digital mask 28. For example, the first path may include a light path from the first optic 21, through the shutter 22, to the second optic 23 and then to the digital mask 28 and the film 29. In some embodiments, the system 200 can include a second optical path configured to receive the second segment of the light and direct into the film 29 directly (not shown). For example, the second path may include a light path from the first optic 21, through the shutter 22, to the second optic 23 and then directly to the film 29 (e.g., without passing through the digital mask 29). In some embodiments, the digital mask 28 can be configured to move out of the projection path 27. In some embodiments, at least one of the first optic 21, the second optic 23, the digital mask 28 and the film 29 can be movable such that the second segment of the light can be directed towards the film 29 without passing through the digital mask 28. In some embodiments, the system 200 can include a third optic (e.g., a mirror, etc.) that can adjust a light path of the second segment of the light such that the second segment of the light can be directed towards the film 29 without passing through the digital mask 28. The second optical path can mitigate the light losses of the digital mask 28 (e.g., when taking a photo without the HDR mode).

[0049] In some embodiments, the system 200 can be controlled by and / or include one or more controllers (hereinafter referred to as “controller”). The controller can be any computing device including one or more processors coupled with a memory and / or software and configured to perform various processes and tasks described herein. For example, the memory can be a non-transitory computer-readable medium configured to store program instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the controller to carry out certain operations. In some embodiments, the controller can be in communication with at least one component of the system 200 and / or other devices. In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to control at least one of the first optic 21, the shutter system 22, the second optic 23, the image capture module 24, the digital mask 28 and the film 29. For example, the controller can be configured to control a location of the digital mask 28 such that the second segment of the light can be directed to the film 29 directly, in some embodiments.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0050] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to control the image capture module 24 (and / or the image sensor 25) to receive the first segment of the light at a first time. The controller can be configured to control the shutter 22 for the film 29 to receive the second segment of the light through the digital mask 28 at a second time subsequent to the first time.

[0051] In some embodiments, the controller can be configured to control the image sensor 25 to generate the light intensity map. In some embodiments, the controller can control various settings of the image sensor 25. For example, the image sensor 25 can adjust exposure and / or gain settings of the image sensor 24. In some embodiments, the controller can control the shutter 22 based on the light intensity map. For example, the controller can control the shutter speed of the shutter 22 based on the light intensity map (e.g., the darkest areas in the light intensity map), in order to expose the film 29 based on the light intensity map.

[0052] While various other settings and / or features of the image sensor 24, the digital mask 28, and the film 29 can be controlled, FIGS. 3A and 3B and the description below illustrate a non-limiting example of controlling the image sensor 24 to generate a negative light mask. FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B illustrate example light intensity maps 300A and 300B, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0053] In some embodiments, the controller can control the image sensor 24 to generate the light intensity map 300 A. In some embodiments, the controller can control the image sensor 24 to generate the light intensity map 300B, which is a negative light mask 12 to be applied on the digital mask 28, based on the light intensity map 300 A. For example, the light intensity map 300B can include a first area 17 with a highest light intensity (e.g., corresponding to a second area 13 in the light intensity map 300 A where it is the darkest. The light intensity map 300B can include a third area 18 with an intermediate light intensity (e.g., corresponding to a fourth area 14 in the light intensity map 300A where it is medium lit. The light intensity map 300B can include fifth areas 19, 20 with a lowest light intensity (e.g., corresponding to sixth areas 15, 16 in the light intensity map 300A where it is brightest. In some embodiments, the controller can control the digital mask 28 based on the negative light mask (e.g., the light intensity map 300b). For example, the controller canAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101control the digital mask 28 to increase transparency (e.g., by opening the pixels for a longer time of exposure) in the area (e.g., the second area 13 and / or the first area 17).

[0054] While the systems disclosed herein can be configured to implement variations of scenes, intensity maps, and images without departing from departing from spirit and scope, the figures and description below provide non-limiting examples of system implementations. FIG. 4A illustrates an example scene to be imaged 400A, in accordance with some embodiments. FIG. 4B illustrates an example light intensity map 400B, in accordance with some embodiments. FIG. 4C illustrates an example image 400C formed on a film, in accordance with some embodiments. The scene to be imaged 400A, the light intensity map 400B, and the image 400C are associated with the systems discussed above (e.g., the systems 100, 200, etc.). For example, the system 200 can receive the segment of the light corresponding to the scene to be imaged 400 A through the first optic 21. The image capture module 24 can generate the light intensity map 400B. The image 400C can be formed on the film 29.

[0055] In some embodiments, the light intensity map 400B may be a negative mask, (e.g., the light intensity map 300B). In some embodiments, the system (e.g., the systems 100, 200) can generate the light intensity map 400B based on the first segment of the light corresponding to the scene to be imaged 400A. As shown, the light intensity map 400B can include a first portion 43 having a lower light intensity (e.g., from a darker portion 41 in the scene 400A) and a second portion 44 having a higher light intensity (e.g., from a brighter portion 42 in the scene 400A). The first portion 43 is shown to be brighter (e.g., despite the lower light intensity), and the second portion 44 is shown to be darker (e.g., despite the higher light intensity) as the light intensity map 400B is shown as a negative mask.

[0056] In some embodiments, the system can be configured to calculate, based on the light intensity map 400B, a plurality of time periods corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment of the light. For example, the system can calculate a first time period for the first portion 43 and calculate a second time period for the second portion 44. For example, the first time period may be longer than the second time period (e.g., when the light intensity value of the first portion 43 is smaller than the light intensity value of the second portion 44).Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0057] In some embodiments, the system can be configured to selectively control a plurality of areas (e.g., the plurality of pixels) of a digital mask (e.g., the digital mask 28) for the plurality of time periods. In some embodiments, the plurality of time periods may be a plurality of exposure times, for which the plurality of areas of the digital mask are controlled to allow the second segment of the light to pass towards the film. For example, a first area (e.g., a first pixel) corresponding to the first portion 43 can allow a first corresponding portion of the second segment of the light to pass through for the first time period towards the film. A second area (e.g., a second pixel) corresponding to the second portion 44 can allow a second corresponding portion of the second segment of the light to pass through for the second time period towards the film. That is, a first film portion 45 that corresponds to the darker area 41 and a second film portion 46 that corresponds to the brighter area 42 can be exposed for different time periods based on the light intensity map 400B. This can thereby allow the details (e.g., which would be not clear without the techniques disclosed herein; e.g., the detailed patterns in the darker area 41) of the scene 400 A to be captured on the film with improved dynamic range, as shown in FIG. 4C.

[0058] The systems disclosed herein can be implemented with any variations without departing from departing from spirit and scope. The figures and description below provide non-limiting examples that can be implemented as any of various other configurations while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0059] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example imaging system 500, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the system 500 may be substantially similar to or incorporate features of the system 200. The system 500 includes the shutter 22 located downstream of the second optic 23 (e.g., as opposed to the shutter 22 upstream of the second optic 23 as shown in FIG. 2). Including the shutter 22 downstream in such a configuration allows the digital image capture module 24 to receive the first segment of the light (and / or generate the light intensity map) before the shutter 22 opens, such that the image sensor 25 can be used for electronic view finding purposes. In some embodiments, the system 500 can include more, fewer, or different components than shown in the figure.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0060] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example imaging system 600, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the system 600 may be substantially similar to or incorporate features of the system 200. The system 600 includes a third optic 23' (e.g., a mirror) (e.g., additionally as opposed to the system 200 as shown in FIG. 2). In some embodiments, the third optic 23' can be configured to receive the second segment of the light from the second optic 23 and direct into the digital mask 28. While the third optic 23' is shown as a mirror, as an example, any various other components can be included in the system 600. In some embodiments, the system 600 can include more, fewer, or different components than shown in the figure.

[0061] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow chart of an example method 700 for an imaging system, in accordance with some embodiments. The method 700 can be performed based on the systems discussed above (e.g., the system 100, etc.). Thus, some of the references used above may be used in the following discussion of the method 700. The method 700 is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Accordingly, additional operations may be provided before, during, and after the method 700 of FIG. 7, and that certain operations may be briefly described herein.

[0062] In a brief overview, the method 700 can begin with operation 710 of receiving a segment of light to be imaged. The method 700 can continue to operation 720 of generating a light intensity map of the segment. The method 700 can continue to operation 730 of calculating, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods. The method 700 can continue to operation 740 of selectively adjusting transmission of a second segment of the light towards a film. The method 700 can continue to operation 750 of generating an image of the segment on the film based on the second segment of the light.

[0063] At operation 710, the method 700 includes receiving a segment of light to be imaged. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an analog camera (e.g., a film camera, a photographic / videographic image capture device, etc.) receiving the segment of light to be imaged (e.g., a scene to be captured on a photosensitive film). In some embodiments, the method 700 includes receiving the segment of light to be imaged through an optic (e.g., the first optic 21). In some embodiments, the method 700 includes receiving the first segment of the light at a first time, and providing a preview of the segment to beAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101imaged based on the first segment of the light. The method 700 can include receiving the second segment of the light at a second time subsequent to the first time.

[0064] At operation 720, the method 700 includes generating a light intensity map of the segment. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes generating, based on a first segment of the light, the light intensity map of the segment. In some embodiments, the light intensity map includes information associated with a plurality of intensity values corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment to be imaged. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes an image sensor (e.g., the image sensor 120) generating the light intensity map. For example, the image sensor can generate the light intensity map in response to receiving the first segment of the light. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes generating a gray-scale image that is generated based on the first segment of the light and corresponds to the scene to be captured on the film. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes generating a negative light mask (e.g., the negative light mask 12) at operation 720.

[0065] At operation 730, the method 700 includes calculating, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes calculating, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment. For example, the method 700 includes calculating a first time period for a first portion of the segment of the light based on a light intensity value of the first portion in the light intensity map, and calculating a second time period for a second portion of the segment of the light based on a light intensity value of the second portion in the light intensity map. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes calculating the plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment, the plurality of portions of the segment including each and every portion of the segment to be imaged. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes calculating the plurality of time periods as a function of the light intensity values.

[0066] At operation 740, the method 700 includes selectively adjusting transmission of a second segment of the light towards a film. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes selectively adjusting transmission of the second segment of the light towards the film (e.g., the film 29), such that a plurality of portions of the film can be exposed for theAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101plurality of time periods, respectively. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes controlling a plurality of pixels of a digital mask (e.g., the digital mask 130) to transmit (or partially transmit), block, or otherwise control a corresponding portion of the second segment of the light. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes selectively adjusting transmittance (and / or transmittivity) of each of the plurality of pixels to selectively control the transmission of the second segment of the light. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes selectively adjusting, based on the light intensity map, the transmission of the second segment of the light to adjust a visual property (e.g., blur, noise, sharpness, color saturation) of the image generated on the film.

[0067] At operation 750, the method 700 includes generating an image of the segment on the film based on the second segment of the light. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes generating the image based on a first optical path (e.g., referring to FIG. 2, the path from the first optic 21, through the shutter 22, to the second optic 23 and then to the digital mask 28 and the film 29) or a second optical path (e.g., referring to FIG.2, the path from the first optic 21, through the shutter 22, to the second optic 23 and then directly to the film 29 (e.g., without passing through the digital mask 29)). For example, the method 700 can include moving the digital mask out of the optical path (e.g., the second optical path) such that the second segment of the light is directed to the film without passing through the digital mask. In some embodiments, the method 700 includes developing an instant film based on the second segment of the light to generate the image on the instant film.

[0068] Directional terms as used herein — for example up, above, below, down, right, left, front, back, top, bottom, vertical, horizontal — are made only with reference to the figures as drawn and are not intended to imply absolute orientation unless otherwise expressly stated.

[0069] Unless otherwise expressly stated, it is not intended that any method set forth herein be construed as requiring that its steps (and / or operations, etc.) be performed in a specific order, nor that with any apparatus (and / or systems, devices, etc.) specific orientations be required. Accordingly, where a method claim does not actually recite an order to be followed by its steps (and / or operations, etc.) or that any apparatus (and / orAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101system, device, etc.) claim does not actually recite an order or orientation to individual components, or it is not otherwise specifically stated in the claims or description that the steps (and / or operations, etc.) are to be limited to a specific order, or that a specific order or orientation to components of an apparatus (and / or a system, a device, etc.) is not recited, it is not intended that an order or orientation be inferred, in any respect. This holds for any possible non-express basis for interpretation, including operational flow, order of components, or orientation of components; plain meaning derived from grammatical organization or punctuation, and the number or type of embodiments described in the specification.

[0070] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a” component includes aspects having two or more such components, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Also, the word “or” when used without a preceding “either” (or other similar language indicating that “or” is unequivocally meant to be exclusive - e.g., only one of x or y, etc.) shall be interpreted to be inclusive (e.g., “x or y” means one or both x or y).

[0071] The term “and / or” shall also be interpreted to be inclusive (e.g., “x and / or y” means one or both x or y). In situations where “and / or” or “or” are used as a conjunction for a group of three or more items, the group should be interpreted to include one item alone, all the items together, or any combination or number of the items. Moreover, terms used in the specification and claims such as have, having, include, and including should be construed to be synonymous with the terms comprise and comprising. Other elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified by the “and / or” clause, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. As a non-limiting example, a reference to “X and / or Y” may refer, in one embodiment, to X only (optionally including elements other than Y); in some embodiments, to Y only (optionally including elements other than X); in yet some embodiments, to both X and Y (optionally including other elements).

[0072] The drawings may be interpreted, for example, as showing: (a) everything drawn to scale, (b) nothing drawn to scale, or (c) one or more features drawn to scale andAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101one or more features not drawn to scale. Accordingly, the drawings may serve to provide support to recite the sizes, proportions, and / or other dimensions of any of the illustrated features either alone or relative to each other. Furthermore, all such sizes, proportions, and / or other dimensions are to be understood as being variable, e.g., from about 0.01% to about 5% or about 5% to aboutl0%, or another value, % in either direction and thus provide support for claims that recite such values or any and all ranges or subranges that may be formed by such values.

[0073] Unless the context indicates otherwise, it is specifically intended that the various features of the disclosure described herein may be used in any combination.Moreover, the disclosure also contemplates that in some embodiments, any feature or combination of features set forth herein may be excluded or omitted. To illustrate, if the specification states that a device comprises components A, B and C, any of A, B or C, or a combination thereof, may be omitted and disclaimed singularly or in any combination.

[0074] As used herein, “about” or “approximately” will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art and will vary to some extent depending upon the context in which it is used. If there are uses of the term which are not clear to persons of ordinary skill in the art, given the context in which it is used, “about” or “approximately” will mean up to plus or minus 10% of the particular term.

[0075] While certain embodiments have been illustrated and described, it should be understood that changes and modifications may be made therein in accordance with ordinary skill in the art without departing from the technology in its broader aspects as defined in the following claims.

[0076] The embodiments, illustratively described herein may suitably be practiced in the absence of any element or elements, limitation or limitations, not specifically disclosed herein. Thus, for example, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” etc. shall be read expansively and without limitation. Additionally, the terms and expressions employed herein have been used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claimed technology.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101

[0077] The present disclosure is not to be limited in terms of the particular embodiments described in this application. Many modifications and variations may be made without departing from its spirit and scope, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Functionally equivalent methods and compositions within the scope of the disclosure, in addition to those enumerated herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing descriptions. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present disclosure is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular methods, which may of course vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.

[0078] Other embodiments are set forth in the following claims.

Claims

Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An analog imaging system, comprising:an image sensor configured to receive a first segment of light corresponding to a segment to be imaged;a digital mask configured to selectively transmit a second segment of the light towards a film that is configured to receive the second segment of the light and generate an image of the segment; anda controller configured to:generate, based on the first segment of the light received through the image sensor, a light intensity map including information associated with a plurality of intensity values corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment to be imaged;calculate, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment; andselectively control a plurality of areas of the digital mask for the plurality of time periods.

2. The analog imaging system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to calculate the plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment, the plurality of respective portions of the segment including each portion of the segment to be imaged.

3. The analog imaging system of claim 1, wherein the film is an instant film.

4. The analog imaging system of claim 1, comprising a shutter configured to control passage of the second segment of the light into the digital mask,wherein the image sensor is disposed upstream or downstream of the shutter.

5. The analog imaging system of claim 4, wherein the controller is configured to: control the image sensor to receive the first segment of the light at a first time; andAtty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101control the shutter for the film to receive the second segment of the light through the digital mask at a second time after the first time.

6. The analog imaging system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control a location of the digital mask such that the second segment of the light is directed to the film directly.

7. The analog imaging system of claim 1,wherein the plurality of respective portions of the segment include a first portion and a second portion, andwherein the controller is configured to increase a first transmittance of a first area of the digital mask corresponding to the first portion of the segment, and decrease a second transmittance of a second area of the digital mask corresponding to the second portion of the segment, the second portion of the segment having a higher light intensity compared to the first portion of the segment.

8. The analog imaging system of claim 1,wherein the controller is configured to selectively control the plurality of areas of the digital mask for the plurality of time periods, to adjust a property of the image generated on the film.

9. An analog imaging system, comprising:an optic configured to receive a segment of light to be imaged;an image sensor configured to receive a first segment of the light from the optic and generate a light intensity map of the segment, based on the first segment of the light, the light intensity map including a plurality of light intensity values of the segment; anda digital mask, located upstream of a film that is configured to receive a second segment of the light and generate an image of the segment, the digital mask configured to selectively control transmission of the second segment of the light towards the film, such that a plurality of portions of the film are exposed for a plurality of time periods, respectively, the plurality of time periods determined based on the light intensity map.Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-310110. The analog imaging system of claim 9, comprising a second optic disposed between the optic and the digital mask and configured to direct the second segment of the light into the film through the digital mask.

11. The analog imaging system of claim 10, wherein the second optic is a reflex mirror or a moving mirror.

12. The analog imaging system of claim 9, comprising:a first optical path configured to receive the second segment of the light and direct into the film through the digital mask; anda second optical path configured to receive the second segment of the light and direct into the film directly.

13. The analog imaging system of claim 9, wherein at least one of the optic, the film, and the digital mask is movable such that the second segment of the light is directed towards the film without passing through the digital mask.

14. The analog imaging system of claim 9, wherein the image sensor is configured to receive the first segment of the light, the first segment of the light being out of focus.

15. The analog imaging system of claim 9, comprising a shutter configured to control passage of the second segment of the light into the digital mask,wherein the image sensor is disposed upstream or downstream of the shutter.

16. A method for an analog imaging system, the method comprising:receiving a segment of light to be imaged;generating, based on a first segment of the light, a light intensity map of the segment, the light intensity map including information associated with a plurality of intensity values corresponding to a plurality of respective portions of the segment to be imaged;Atty. Dkt. No.: 130952-3101calculating, based on the light intensity map, a plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment;selectively adjusting transmission of a second segment of the light towards a film, such that a plurality of portions of the film are exposed for the plurality of time periods, respectively; andgenerating an image of the segment on the film based on the second segment of the light.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein calculating the plurality of time periods includes calculating the plurality of time periods corresponding to the plurality of respective portions of the segment, the plurality of portions of the segment including each and every portion of the segment to be imaged.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the film is an instant film, and wherein generating the image of the segment includes developing the film based on the second segment of the light.

19. The method of claim 16, comprising:receiving the first segment of the light at a first time;providing a preview of the segment to be imaged based on the first segment of the light; andreceiving the second segment of the light at a second time subsequent to the first time.

20. The method of claim 16, comprising:selectively adjusting, based on the light intensity map, the transmission of the second segment of the light to adjust a visual property of the image generated on the film.

Images