Method and device for supporting transmission of high-capacity data

Abstract

Proposed is an operational method of a first device (100) in a wireless communication system. The method may comprise the steps of: acquiring information about a data adaptation protocol related to transmission of AIML-related data or sensing-related data; and performing communication on the basis of the information about the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information about the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the AIML-related data and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the sensing-related data and a second radio bearer.

Description

Method and device for supporting transmission of high-capacity data

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, ranging from low frequency bands below 1 GHz to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims for (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy requirements such as those shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 may represent an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully autonomous driving Fully XR Fully haptic communication Fully

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a first device may be provided. For example, the method comprises: a step of obtaining information about a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and a step of performing communication based on the information about the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information about the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: acquire information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: obtain information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording commands may be provided. For example, when the commands are executed, the first device may: obtain information regarding a data adaptation protocol regarding the transmission of data related to artificial intelligence and machine learning (AIML) or data related to sensing; and perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a second device may be provided. For example, the method comprises: transmitting to a first device information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and performing communication with the first device, wherein the communication is performed based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol within the first device based on the fact that the transmitted data is data related to AIML or data related to sensing, and the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the second device may: transmit to the first device information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and perform communication with the first device, wherein the communication is performed based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol within the first device based on the fact that the transmitted data is data related to AIML or data related to sensing, and the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0011] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 2 shows a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 5 shows an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 6 shows a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 9 illustrates a support scenario for sensing services in sensing and communication integration (e.g., ISAC).

[0020] Figure 10 shows a QoS model for supporting communication services in a 5G system according to existing technology.

[0021] Figure 11 shows a QoS model for supporting communication services in a 5G system according to existing technology.

[0022] FIG. 12 illustrates a next-generation (e.g., 6G) QoS model for supporting sensing services (e.g., transmission, reception) and AI / ML services (e.g., AI / ML model training and model inference data transmission and reception services) of next-generation communication (e.g., 6G) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 13 shows a data adaptation protocol layer that performs mapping according to data characteristics, which can be applied to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 14 shows a data adaptation protocol layer that performs mapping according to data volume, which can be applied to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 15 illustrates the procedure of a method that can be performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 16 illustrates the procedure of a method that can be performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 17 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 18 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 19 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 20 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 21 shows a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0033] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in the present disclosure may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0034] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0035] Additionally, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Additionally, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0036] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (e.g., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0037] In the following explanation, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0038] In the present disclosure, the device acquiring information may include the information being (pre)set to the device, the information being received by the device from another entity, and the device generating the information.

[0039] Technical features described individually within one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0040] In the present disclosure, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter that is set for the terminal, pre-set, or pre-defined. For example, a base station or a network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0041] In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling from a base station or network (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.). In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling from another device (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), control information signaled between devices, etc.). In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to a device.

[0042] In the present disclosure, user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0043] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0044] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0045] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device may be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device may be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device may perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device may detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted according to a rule predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal may include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.) classified according to structure or use. Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0047] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device that are necessary to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting the system information prior to receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of the system information may be performed after a random access procedure described later.

[0048] In step S105, the first device and the second device may perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device may transmit and / or receive at least one message for the random access procedure (e.g., random access preamble, random access response message, etc.) based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device may transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device may receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2). The first device may transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) containing information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device may receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0049] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer controlling the connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer handling mapping between a logical channel and a transmission channel (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer handling a physical channel (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling to establish a connection, signaling to determine settings related to communication, and / or signaling to indicate allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted through a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0050] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive it. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, antenna-specific waveform demodulation, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0051] For example, the layers of the radio interface protocol between the first device and the second device can be classified into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer located at layer 3 can perform the role of controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. To this end, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0052] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiment may be omitted. For example, FIG. 2(a) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and FIG. 2(b) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, FIG. 2(c) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for device-to-device communication, and FIG. 2(d) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0053] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using a physical channel. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the MAC (medium access control) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through a wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted through a physical channel between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a first device and a second device. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using the OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) method, and time and frequency can be utilized as wireless resources.

[0054] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the RLC (radio link control) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functions from multiple logical channels to multiple transmission channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functions through mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transmission channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0055] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee various quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three modes of operation: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat requests (ARQ).

[0056] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer may be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer may be responsible for controlling logical channels, transmission channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB may refer to a logical path provided by the first layer (e.g., physical layer) and the second layer (e.g., MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transfer between a first device and a second device.

[0057] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0058] For example, the establishment of an RB can mean the process of defining the characteristics of the wireless protocol layer and channel to provide specific services, and setting each specific parameter and method of operation. For example, an RB can be divided into two types: an SRB (signaling radio bearer) and a DRB (data radio bearer). For example, an SRB can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0059] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) that transmits system information and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages for a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted via a downlink SCH or via a separate multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) that transmits initial control messages and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above the transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0060] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 3, radio frames may be used, for example, in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined by subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may contain 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0062] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot may contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot may contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0063] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) according to the SCS setting (u) when Normal CP or Extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) exemplifies.

[0064] CP Type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP 15kHz (u=0) 1410 130kHz (u=1) 1420 260kHz (u=2) 1440 4120kHz (u=3) 1480 8240kHz (u=4) 14160 16 Extended CP 60kHz (u=2) 1240 4

[0065] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be configured differently among multiple cells merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., subframe, slot, or TTI (transmit time interval)) composed of the same number of symbols may be configured differently among the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTI, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0066] For example, multiple numerologies or SCSs may be supported to support various services. For example, if the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellular bands may be supported, and if the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth may be supported. For example, if the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0067] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain and may correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include up to N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an active BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid and may be mapped to a single complex symbol.

[0069] For example, a BWP can be a continuous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB can be selected from a continuous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0070] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the terminal may not monitor downlink radio link quality on DL BWPs other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the terminal may not receive PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), or CSI-RS (channel state information-reference signal) (except for RRM (radio resource management)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not trigger CSI (channel state information) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not transmit PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) or PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) outside of the active UL (uplink) BWP. For example, for the downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a consecutive set of resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For example, for the uplink, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by the upper layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if the terminal fails to detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period, the terminal can switch the active BWP of the terminal to the default BWP.

[0071] In the present disclosure, PSCCH may be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with a sidelink, a physical control channel associated with a sidelink, a physical control channel between devices, etc. In the present disclosure, PSSCH may be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with a sidelink, a physical shared channel associated with a sidelink, a physical shared channel between devices, etc. For example, SL communication may be replaced with device-to-device communication. For example, in terms referring to various channels and / or signals associated with SL communication, the SL portion may be replaced with "between devices".

[0072] In the present disclosure, PUCCH may be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with an uplink, a physical control channel associated with an uplink, a device-to-base station physical control channel, a terminal-to-base station physical control channel, etc. In the present disclosure, PUSCH may be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with an uplink, a physical shared channel associated with an uplink, a device-to-base station physical shared channel, a terminal-to-base station physical shared channel, etc. For example, UL communication may be replaced with terminal-to-base station communication or device-to-base station communication. For example, in terms referring to various channels and / or signals associated with UL communication, the UL portion may be replaced with "device-to-base station" or "terminal-to-base station".

[0073] In the present disclosure, PDCCH may be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with a downlink, a physical control channel associated with a downlink, a base station-to-device physical control channel, a base station-to-terminal physical control channel, etc. In the present disclosure, PDSCH may be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with a downlink, a physical shared channel associated with a downlink, a base station-to-device physical shared channel, a base station-to-terminal physical shared channel, etc. For example, DL communication may be replaced with base station-to-device communication or base station-to-terminal communication. For example, in terms referring to various channels and / or signals associated with DL communication, the DL portion may be replaced with "base station-to-device" or "base station-to-terminal".

[0074] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0075] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a numbered carrier resource block from one end of the carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0076] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWPIt can be set by ). For example, point A may be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier where the subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network in that carrier) are aligned. For example, offset may be the PRB interval between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0077] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0078] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (Terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, large-scale MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0079] - Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0080] - THz Communication: Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (Sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz-3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of the optical band, it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz-3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0081] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0082] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0083] - Optical wireless technology

[0084] - Free Space Optical Transmission Backhaul Network (FSO backhaul network)

[0085] - Quantum communication

[0086] - Cell-free communication

[0087] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0088] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0089] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0090] - Big data analysis

[0091] - Reconfigurable intelligent metasurface

[0092] - Metaverse

[0093] - blockchain

[0094] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS). For example, AAM may include UAM, RAM, UAS, and UAVs (uncrewed aerial vehicles).

[0095] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a core element of building autonomous driving infrastructure, refers to technologies that enable vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road to perform autonomous driving, such as wireless communication between vehicles (vehicle to vehicle, V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I).

[0096] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): An NTN may refer to a network or network segment that utilizes RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS platform). The use of NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0097] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc., of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0098] - Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS): An RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in a wireless communication environment. For example, an RIS can be composed of many small antennas or metasurfaces arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For instance, an RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or strength of the propagating signal. For instance, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For instance, since an RIS can be reconfigured to suit various environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0099] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0100] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on a satellite network, HIBS (high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS)), and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM). For example, to improve coverage, devices such as a satellite network, HIBS, and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0101] For example, the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (e.g., SDAP) layer can be defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer can perform mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers, and marking QoS flow identifiers (IDs) within base station-to-terminal link (e.g., downlink) and terminal-to-base station link (e.g., uplink) packets.

[0102] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is described below. Wireless sensing is a technology that utilizes radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, and distance (range) of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within that environment. Since radio frequency sensing capabilities do not require connecting to objects via devices within a network, they can provide services for determining object locations without the need for devices.

[0103] The ability to obtain range, speed, and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition.

[0104] Wireless sensing services can provide information to various industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) that enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and traffic management.

[0105] In some cases, wireless sensing may use non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, such as sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing can provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks.

[0106] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 8 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same position (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 8 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0107] Whether the (partially) proposed method / rule of the present disclosure applies and / or related parameters (e.g., threshold value) may be specifically (or differently or independently) configured according to resource pool, congestion, service priority (and / or type), QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability) or PQI, traffic type (e.g., (non)periodic generation), terminal-to-terminal communication transmission resource allocation mode (mode 1, mode 2), Tx profile (e.g., Tx profile indicating that the service supports terminal-to-terminal communication discontinuous reception (e.g., DRX) operation, Tx profile indicating that the service does not support terminal-to-terminal communication discontinuous reception (e.g., DRX) operation), etc.

[0108] For example, whether the proposed rules of this disclosure apply (and / or related parameter setting values) depends on whether terminal-to-base station physical control channel (e.g., PUCCH) configuration is supported (e.g., whether a terminal-to-base station physical control channel (e.g., PUCCH) resource is configured or not), resource pool (e.g., resource pool with terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH) configured, resource pool without terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH) configured), service / packet type (and / or priority), QoS profile or QoS requirement (e.g., URLLC / EMBB traffic, reliability, latency), PQI, PFI, cast type (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast), (resource pool) congestion level (e.g., CBR), terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ) feedback method (e.g., NACK only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback), and allowed feedback protocol data unit (e.g., HARQ Feedback Enabled MAC PDU) (and / or in the case of transmitting feedback disabled protocol data units (e.g., HARQ Feedback Disabled MAC PDU), whether terminal-to-base station physical control channel (e.g., PUCCH) based terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ feedback) reporting operation is enabled, in the case of pre-amplification (and / or re-evaluation) (non-)execution (or resource reselection based on), (L2 or L1) (source and / or destination) identifier, (L2 or L1) (combination of source layer ID and destination layer ID) identifier, (L2 or L1) (combination of source layer ID and destination layer ID pair and cast type) identifier, direction of source layer ID and destination layer ID pair, PC5 RRC connection / link, in the case of discontinuous reception of terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL DRX) (non)execution (or support), terminal-to-terminal communication mode (e.g., SL Mode) type (resource allocation mode 1, resource allocation mode 2), (non)periodic resource reservation execution, and at least one of Tx profiles (e.g., a Tx profile indicating that the service supports discontinuous reception of terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., DRX) operation, a Tx profile indicating that the service does not support discontinuous reception of terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., DRX) operation) may be specifically (and / or independently and / or differently) configured.

[0109] In addition, the proposals and proposal rules of the present disclosure (and / or related parameter setting values) may also be applied to mmWave terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., sidelink) operations.

[0110] For example, service type (and / or (logical channel (e.g., LCH) or service), priority and / or QoS requirements (e.g., delay, reliability, minimum communication range), and / or PQI parameters), (and / or feedback (e.g., HARQ feedback), allowed (and / or disallowed), logical channel (e.g., LCH) / protocol data unit (e.g., MAC PDU) (transmission), and / or CBR measurements of the resource pool, and / or terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL), cast type (e.g., unicast, group cast, broadcast), and / or terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL) group cast feedback (e.g., HARQ feedback), options (e.g., NACK only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback, NACK only feedback based on transmit / receive (TX-RX) distance), and / or terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL) mode 1 CG type (e.g., SL CG type 1 / 2), and / or terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL) mode type (e.g., mode 1 / 2) and / or resource pool and / or whether the resource pool is configured for the terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH) resource and / or Source (L2) ID (and / or Destination (L2) ID) and / or PC5 RRC connection / link and / or terminal-to-terminal communication link and / or connection status (with base station) (e.g., RRC CONNECTED, IDLE, INACTIVE) and / or terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL) HARQ process (ID) and / or whether a terminal-to-terminal communication discontinuous reception (e.g., SL DRX) operation (of the transmitting or receiving terminal) is performed and / or whether the terminal is in power saving mode (transmitting or receiving) and / or if, from the perspective of a specific terminal, terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH) transmission and terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH) reception overlap (and / or multiple terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH) transmissions exceeding terminal capacity). (and / or terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel(e.g., PSFCH) transmission (and / or reception of a terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH) is omitted) and / or the receiving terminal actually (successfully) receives a terminal-to-terminal physical control channel (e.g., PSCCH) (and / or terminal-to-terminal physical sharing channel (e.g., PSSCH)) (re)transmission from the transmitting terminal) for at least one of the elements / parameters (or separately), the applicability of the rule (and / or the parameter value related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set / allowed.

[0111] In addition, the wording "setting" (or "designation") in the present disclosure may be interpreted in an extended manner, such as a form in which a base station informs a terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel / signal (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE) (and / or a form provided through a pre-setting and / or a form in which a terminal informs another terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel / signal (e.g., SL MAC CE, PC5 RRC)).

[0112] In addition, the wording “terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH)" in this disclosure may be extended to “(NR or LTE) terminal-to-terminal physical sharing channel (e.g., PSSCH) (and / or (NR or LTE) terminal-to-terminal physical control channel (e.g., PSCCH)) (and / or (NR or LTE) terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal block (e.g., SL SSB) (and / or terminal-to-base station channel / signal (e.g., UL channel / signal))”. Furthermore, the proposed method in this disclosure may be combined with one another and extended (in a new form).

[0113] Hereinafter, "specific threshold value" refers to a threshold value that is defined in advance or is set (in advance) by the upper layer (including the application layer) of a network, base station, or terminal. Hereinafter, "specific setting value" refers to a value that is defined in advance or is set (in advance) by the upper layer (including the application layer) of a network, base station, or terminal. Hereinafter, "set by network / base station" means an operation in which a base station sets (in advance) to a terminal by upper layer RRC signaling, sets / signals to a terminal through MAC CE, or signals to a terminal through base station-to-terminal control information (e.g., DCI).

[0114] The operation of the present disclosure is a solution applicable to all sidelink unicast / groupcast / broadcast operations.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the message may be interpreted as being replaced with a control message, a data message, a signal, a data signal, or a control signal.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, beam management operations may be interpreted as being substituted for beam selection, spatial filter selection, beam pairing, spatial filter pairing, beam failure recovery, spatial filter recovery, beam sweeping, spatial filter sweeping, beam switching, spatial filter sweeping, measurement of a reference signal resource, measurement of a reference signal resource reporting operation, or beam reporting or spatial filter reporting, etc.

[0117] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the beam can be interpreted as being replaced by a reference signal (e.g., RS), a reference signal (e.g., RS) resource, or a spatial filter resource.

[0118] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a reference signal (e.g., RS) may be interpreted by being replaced with a reference signal (e.g., RS) resource or a spatial filter resource.

[0119] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting terminal may be interpreted as being replaced with a terminal that transmits a beam, a terminal that transmits a beam reference signal (e.g., RS), or a terminal that transmits a beam reference signal (e.g., RS) resource.

[0120] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the receiving terminal may be interpreted as a terminal receiving a beam, a terminal receiving a beam reference signal (e.g., RS), or a terminal receiving a beam reference signal (e.g., RS) resource.

[0121] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmission beam or reception beam information transmitted and received by the terminal can be interpreted as being replaced with resource information of a reference signal (e.g., RS) associated with the transmission beam and resource information of a reference signal (e.g., RS) associated with the reception beam.

[0122] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, direct communication request (e.g., DCR) and / or direct communication acceptance (e.g., DCA) messages may be interpreted as being replaced by PC5-S direct communication request (e.g., DCR) and / or PC5-S direct communication acceptance (e.g., DCA) messages, etc.

[0123] In embodiments of the present disclosure, spatial setting and / or transmission control information (e.g., TCI) information and / or QCL information and / or beams, etc. may refer to each other and / or be interpreted as being replaced by beam-related information, beam direction, spatial area transmission or reception filter, etc.

[0124] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the beam may be interpreted as being replaced with a transmitting beam, a receiving beam, a spatial filter, a spatial transmission (TX) filter, a spatial domain transmission (TX) filter, a spatial reception (RX) filter, or a spatial domain reception (RX) filter.

[0125] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the transmit / transmit beam may be interpreted as being replaced by a spatial transmission (TX) filter or a spatial area transmission (TX) filter.

[0126] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the receiving beam may be interpreted as being replaced by a spatial receiving (RX) filter or a spatial area receiving (RX) filter.

[0127] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fact that spatial configuration information (or beam information) for transmission is identical may mean that the spatial area TX filter of the terminal is identical for two different transmission signals. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fact that spatial configuration information (or beam information) for reception is identical may mean that two different reception signals are in a QCL 'TypeD' relationship and / or have a relationship using the same spatial RX parameter.

[0128] For example, the control message (or, signal) and data message (or, signal) in the present disclosure may mean a control message (or, signal) and data message (or, signal) for wireless communication (e.g., LTE communication, NR communication, 6G communication, Wi-Fi communication, Bluetooth communication and other wireless communication) other than a radar signal.

[0129] For example, the source ID and destination ID disclosed in the present disclosure may mean a source layer 1 (L1) ID and a destination layer 1 (L1) ID, and / or a source layer 2 (L2) ID and a destination layer 2 (L2) ID.

[0130] The following terms are used in the contents of the disclosure below.

[0131] LMF - Location Management Function

[0132] Terminal-triggered terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) - Terminal-to-terminal positioning where the procedure is triggered by the terminal (e.g., SL positioning)

[0133] gNB / LMF-triggered terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) - Terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) where the procedure is triggered by the gNB / LMF

[0134] Terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) - Terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) groups generated by terminals

[0135] gNB-controlled terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) - Terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) groups generated by the gNB terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning)

[0136] Terminal-based inter-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) - Inter-terminal positioning where the terminal's location is calculated by the terminal (e.g., SL positioning)

[0137] Assisted terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) - Terminal-to-terminal positioning where the terminal's location is calculated by the gNB / LMF (e.g., SL positioning)

[0138] Terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning) group - Terminals participating in terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning)

[0139] Target terminal (T-terminal) - The terminal whose location is calculated

[0140] Server Terminal (S-Terminal) - A terminal that assists in the positioning of the T-Terminal

[0141] Anchor terminal - A terminal that assists in the positioning of a T-terminal

[0142] MG - A measurement gap where only the transmission of terminal-to-terminal reference signals (e.g., SL PRS) is allowed.

[0143] MW - A measurement window in which both terminal-to-terminal data (e.g., SL data) and terminal-to-terminal reference signals (e.g., SL PRS) can be transmitted via multiplexing, etc.

[0144] Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) - Reference signal for terminal-to-terminal positioning (e.g., SL positioning)

[0145] CCH - Control Channel

[0146] IUC message - Terminal-to-terminal coordination message. For example, this message is a message received by a transmitting terminal from another terminal, including a receiving terminal, and may contain information about a set of preferred resources and / or non-preferred resources that the transmitting terminal is suitable to transmit to the receiving terminal.

[0147] For example, the method by which a terminal directly calculates its own location can be expressed as UE-based.

[0148] TP (transmission point) - refers to a set of transmitting antennas (e.g., an antenna array containing one or more antenna elements) placed at geographically co-located corresponding to a single cell, a part of a cell, or a TP dedicated to a base station-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., DL PRS) (one DL PRS-only TP). A TP may include the antenna of a base station (ng-eNB or gNB), a remote radio head, the remote antenna of a base station, the antenna of a TP dedicated to a base station-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., DL PRS), etc. A single cell may contain one or more TPs. In the case of homogeneous deployment, each TP may correspond to one cell.

[0149] RP (reception point) - refers to a set of receiving antennas (e.g., an antenna array containing one or more antenna elements) placed at the same geographical location corresponding to a cell, a part of a cell, or one UL SRS-only RP. An RP may include the antenna of a base station (ng-eNB or gNB), a Remote Radio Head, the remote antenna of a base station, the antenna of a UL SRS-only RP, etc. A cell may include one or more RPs. In the case of a homogeneous arrangement, each RP may correspond to one cell.

[0150] PRS-only TP - refers to a TP that transmits only the reference signal (e.g., PRS) for reference signal (e.g., PRS)-based TBS positioning and is not associated with a cell.

[0151] TRP (transmission-reception point) - refers to a set of antennas placed at the same geographical location that supports TP and / or RP functions (e.g., an antenna array containing one or more antenna elements).

[0152] SRS-only RP - refers to an RP that receives only a reference signal (e.g., SRS) for terminal-to-base station dedicated positioning (e.g., UL dedicated positioning) and is not associated with a cell.

[0153] In the present disclosure, the TRP and the base station may be replaced with the same entity.

[0154] In the present disclosure, the term "sensing message" may be a term that can be used interchangeably with "sensing reference signal" or "sensing measurement report."

[0155] For example, a terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) transmission resource may be composed of a set of terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resources consisting of the following information.

[0156] 1. Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resource set ID

[0157] 2. List of Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) Resource IDs - List of Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) Resource IDs within the set of Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) resources

[0158] 3. Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resource type - can be set to periodic, aperiodic, semi-persistent, or on-demand.

[0159] 4. Alpha for terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) power control

[0160] 5. P0 for terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) power control

[0161] 6. Pass-loss reference for power control of terminal-to-terminal reference signals (e.g., SL PRS) - may be set to a terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal block (e.g., SL SSB) or a base station-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., DL PRS), a terminal-to-base station reference signal (e.g., UL SRS), a terminal-to-base station reference signal for positioning (e.g., UL SRS), a terminal-to-terminal physical control channel (e.g., PSCCH) demodulation reference signal (e.g., DMRS), a terminal-to-terminal physical shared channel (e.g., PSSCH) demodulation reference signal (e.g., DMRS), a terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH), or a terminal-to-terminal channel state information reference signal (e.g., SL CSI RS).

[0162] For example, the above set of terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resources may be composed of terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resources composed of the following information.

[0163] 1. Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resource ID

[0164] 2. Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) Comb Size - The interval between resource elements (e.g., RE) through which the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) is transmitted within a symbol.

[0165] 3. Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) Comb Offset - Index of the resource element (e.g., RE) where the Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) is first transmitted within the first Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) symbol

[0166] 4. Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) Comb Circular Shift - A circular shift used to generate the sequence constituting the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS).

[0167] 5. Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) Start Position - Index of the first symbol transmitting the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) within a single slot

[0168] 6. Number of symbols in the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) - Number of symbols constituting the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) within a single slot

[0169] 7. Frequency Domain Shift - The lowest frequency position (index) in the frequency domain where a terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) is transmitted

[0170] 8. Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) BW - Frequency bandwidth used for transmitting terminal-to-terminal reference signals (e.g., SL PRS).

[0171] 9. Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resource type - can be set to periodic, aperioditic, semi-persistent, or on-demand.

[0172] 10. Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) Periododicity - Period in the time domain between Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) resources, physical or the unit of the resource pool logic slot where the Terminal-to-Terminal Reference Signal (e.g., SL PRS) is transmitted.

[0173] 11. Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) offset - an offset in the time domain up to the start of the first terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resource based on reference timing, physical or a logical slot unit of the resource pool where the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) is transmitted. For example, the reference timing may be SFN=0 or DFN=0 or the time of successful reception or decoding of RRC / MAC-CE / base station-to-terminal control information (e.g., DCI) / terminal-to-terminal control information (e.g., SCI) associated with the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) resource.

[0174] 12. Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) sequence ID

[0175] 13. Spatial relationship of terminal-to-terminal reference signals (e.g., SL PRS) - may be configured as a terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal block (e.g., SL SSB), base station-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., DL PRS), terminal-to-base station reference signal (e.g., UL SRS), terminal-to-base station reference signal for positioning (e.g., UL SRS), terminal-to-terminal physical control channel (e.g., PSCCH) demodulation reference signal (e.g., DMRS), terminal-to-terminal physical shared channel (e.g., PSSCH) demodulation reference signal (e.g., DMRS), terminal-to-terminal physical feedback channel (e.g., PSFCH), or terminal-to-terminal channel state information reference signal (e.g., SL CSI RS).

[0176] 14. Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) CCH - Terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS) control channel. It can signal resource configuration information and resource location, etc., for the terminal-to-terminal reference signal (e.g., SL PRS).

[0177] Meanwhile, in conventional communication (e.g., NR Uu or NR sidelink), the sensing procedure of a device (e.g., terminal or base station) was not considered a service. However, since the primary purpose of integrated sensing and communication (e.g., ISAC) services is to enable rapid detection and identification of target objects (e.g., Target Object) through sensing, there may be a need for the sensing procedure (or operation) to be classified as a service that satisfies a QoS requirement (e.g., sensing latency; the time required for a terminal triggering the sensing procedure to receive the sensing result of a target object from a receiving terminal, sensing accuracy, etc.).

[0178] For example, in Sensing and Communication Integration (e.g., ISAC), the sensing operation of a device (e.g., terminal, base station, or device including a Sensing Management function (e.g., SMF)) is considered a service that must satisfy the Sensing and Communication Integration (e.g., ISAC) Sensing QoS requirements, and the terminal can perform the corresponding Sensing QoS-based sensing operation (e.g., transmitting a Sensing Reference Signal (e.g., RS) and / or receiving a Sensing Reference Signal (e.g., RS).

[0179] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, sensing in a sensing and communication integration (e.g., ISAC) is considered as a higher-layer service that must satisfy a sensing result-based sensing QoS (or, Sensing Quality), and a new QoS (e.g., SQFI) for a sensing service in a sensing and communication integration (e.g., ISAC) can be defined as follows.

[0180] - SQFI(Sensing QoS Flow ID)

[0181] - For example, SQFI can be 1 to 8. For example, SQFI can be classified according to the level of sensing QoS requirements (e.g., sensing accuracy, sensing delay; delay boundary from triggering sensing until the sensing result is received, sensing priority; priority that can be used to determine which sensing service is triggered first based on priority when multiple sensing procedures are required). For example, the smaller (or higher) the SQFI value of a service is, the tighter the service can be defined as having QoS requirements (e.g., a sensing service requiring high sensing accuracy or a sensing service requiring low / lower / lowest sensing delay).

[0182] Additionally, for example, in sensing and communication integration (e.g., ISAC), terminal and TRP (or base station) operations for supporting sensing services such as detection, localization, and tracking may be defined.

[0183] For example, a sensing QoS for a sensing and communication integration (e.g., ISAC) service (e.g., detection, localization, tracking, etc.) may include at least one of the following.

[0184] - Detection QoS: Detection probability, false alarm probability

[0185] - Localization QoS: Localization of static objects, localization QoS parameters (time delay, angle of arrival)

[0186] - Tracking QoS: Tracking the state variation of a moving target (e.g., vehicle or drone) (range, angle, velocity, etc.)

[0187] FIG. 9 illustrates a support scenario for a sensing service in sensing and communication integration (e.g., ISAC). An embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 9, six basic modes of sensing are shown. For example, the basic modes may include gNB mono-static sensing, gNB bi-static sensing, gNB-to-terminal bi-static sensing, terminal-to-gNB bi-static sensing, terminal mono-static sensing, and terminal bi-static sensing.

[0189] For example, in gNB monostatic sensing, the same gNB functions as Tx and Rx; in gNB bistatic sensing, one gNB functions as Tx and the other gNB functions as Rx; in gNB-to-terminal bistatic sensing, the gNB functions as Tx and the terminal functions as Rx; in terminal-to-gNB bistatic sensing, the terminal functions as Tx and the gNB functions as Rx; in terminal monostatic sensing, the same terminal functions as Tx and Rx; and in terminal bistatic sensing, one terminal can function as Tx and the other terminal can function as Rx.

[0190] In the above, Tx may refer to a sensing transmitter participating in the sensing procedure, and Rx may refer to a sensing receiver participating in the sensing procedure.

[0191] FIG. 10 illustrates a QoS model for supporting communication services in a 5G system according to prior art. An embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0192] Referring to Fig. 10, a QoS model (e.g., QoS flow to DRB mapping) for supporting communication services in a 5G system (e.g., terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., UL transmission), base station-to-terminal transmission (e.g., DL transmission), terminal-to-base station reception (e.g., UL reception), base station-to-terminal reception (e.g., DL reception)) is shown.

[0193] As shown in FIG. 10, a User Plane Function (UPF), which is an entity of the core network, can map service data flows (e.g., video, VoIP, Best Effort, etc.) received from a data network (e.g., DN; Data Network) to (each) QoS flows. Additionally, the UPF can organize one or more QoS flows into a single PDU session.

[0194] For example, the gNB (or the gNB's SDAP) can map QoS flows for service data received from the UPF to the DRB. In this case, the gNB (or the gNB's SDAP) can map a single QoS flow to a single DRB or map multiple QoS flows to a single DRB.

[0195] For example, in the present disclosure, the sensing device may be a terminal and / or a TRP.

[0196] For example, in the present disclosure, a sensing transmitting device (TX device) may mean a device that transmits a sensing reference signal.

[0197] For example, in the present disclosure, a sensing receiving device (RX device) may mean a device that receives a sensing reference signal.

[0198] For example, in the present disclosure, an entity including a sensing function (e.g., SF) may refer to a network entity that controls and manages the sensing procedures of a terminal or TRP in a sensing and communications integration (e.g., ISAC). For example, an entity including a sensing function (e.g., SF) may receive and store sensing data collected by sensing the terminal or TRP. And / or, for example, an entity including a sensing function (e.g., SF) may provide sensing data for a sensing service to a sensing device.

[0199] For example, in the present disclosure, non-3GPP sensing data may refer to non-3GPP sensing data (e.g., camera data, video data, data collected through sensing based on other network technologies (e.g., RAT (e.g., Wi-Fi))) rather than sensing data collected through 3GPP communication-based sensing.

[0200] For example, in the present disclosure, a third party entity may refer to a server device operated by a sensing service operator (a business operator that uses / operates sensing data for a sensing service). For example, the third party entity may receive and store sensing data for a sensing service from a sensing device. And / or, for example, the third party entity may provide sensing data for a sensing service to a sensing device.

[0201] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for supporting the transmission of high-capacity data in next-generation communication (e.g., 6G communication) may be provided. For example, the high-capacity data may include data related to AI / ML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) and / or sensing.

[0202] FIG. 11 illustrates a QoS model for supporting communication services in a 5G system according to prior art. An embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0203] Referring to Fig. 11, a QoS model (e.g., QoS flow to DRB mapping) for supporting communication services in a 5G system (e.g., terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., UL transmission), base station-to-terminal transmission (e.g., DL transmission), terminal-to-base station reception (e.g., UL reception), base station-to-terminal reception (e.g., DL reception)) is shown.

[0204] As shown in FIG. 11, a User Plane Function (UPF), which is an entity of the core network, can map service data flows (e.g., video, VoIP, Best Effort, etc.) received from a data network (e.g., DN; Data Network) to (each) QoS flows. Additionally, the UPF can organize one or more QoS flows into a single PDU session.

[0205] For example, the gNB (or the gNB's SDAP) can map QoS flows for service data received from the UPF to the DRB. In this case, the gNB (or the gNB's SDAP) can map a single QoS flow to a single DRB or map multiple QoS flows to a single DRB.

[0206] For example, in next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication, not only communication / communication services but also sensing services and AI / ML (e.g., AI / ML model training data transmission and reception and AI / ML model inference data transmission and reception) services may need to be supported together, and in this case, a new procedure may be required to map sensing and AI / ML QoS flows to sensing service data and / or AI / ML data flows, and to map sensing and AI / ML QoS flows to radio bearers (e.g., DRB).

[0207] And, for example, since sensing measurement data and AI / ML model training / model inference data can be high-volume data, it may be necessary to design a new high-volume data transmission support model / protocol for next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication rather than the user plane model of existing communication systems (e.g., 5G).

[0208] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a high-capacity data transmission support model / protocol operation for next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication is proposed as follows.

[0209] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a mapping operation between a QoS flow (or, data flow) for a sensing service and an AI / ML service and a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) may be provided.

[0210] FIG. 12 illustrates a next-generation (e.g., 6G) QoS model for supporting sensing services (e.g., transmission, reception) and AI / ML services (e.g., AI / ML model training and model inference data transmission and reception services) of next-generation communication (e.g., 6G) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0211] Referring to Fig. 12, a QoS model and procedure are shown that allow communication data flows (e.g., Best Effort, VoIP, video, etc.) and sensing and AI / ML service data flows (e.g., sensing data) received by a next-generation (e.g., 6G) core network entity (e.g., UPF) from a data network (DN; Data Network) to be managed as independent QoS flows.

[0212] For example, a core network entity (e.g., UPF) can map sensing data and AI / ML data received from an entity including a sensing function (e.g., SF), which is a network entity managing sensing data, or an entity including an AI / ML function (e.g., a network entity for supporting AI / ML operations) to a separate QoS flow dedicated to sensing (or AI / ML) and a communication data flow (e.g., Best Effort, VoIP, video, etc.) received from a data network.

[0213] And, for example, a core network entity (e.g., UPF) can organize one or more sensing or AI / ML QoS flows into a single protocol data unit (e.g., PDU) session. For example, a gNB (or the gNB's data adaptation protocol (e.g., SDAP)) can map sensing and / or AI / ML QoS flows for sensing services and / or AI / ML data received from a core network entity (e.g., UPF) to a (sensing) radio bearer (e.g., DRB).

[0214] In this case, for example, a gNB (or the gNB's data adaptation protocol (e.g., SDAP)) may map a single sensing and / or AI / ML QoS flow to a single (sensing and / or AI / ML) radio bearer (e.g., DRB) or map multiple sensing and / or AI / ML QoS flows to a single (sensing and / or AI / ML) radio bearer (e.g., DRB). Additionally, for example, the same QoS flow to radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapping rules described above may also be applied to terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., UL transmission) data transmitted from a terminal to a core network through a base station.

[0215] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a protocol may be provided to support the mapping operation between a QoS flow (or, data flow) for a sensing service and an AI / ML service and a radio bearer (e.g., DRB).

[0216] For example, newly introduced sensing data (e.g., sensing signal measurement data; RCS value, Doppler change, velocity change, direction of movement, etc.) and data used for AI / ML model training and AI / ML model inference may be higher volume data than the data used in existing communication technology (e.g., 4G communication and 5G communication) systems, and a new user plane (or data plane) (and / or protocol layer) may be required so that such high-volume data can be scheduled / managed at the terminal and base station / or network level, and for the transmission and reception operations of such high-volume data. For example, the new user plane or data plane may be a plane newly designed for processing high-volume data (e.g., sensing-related data and / or AI / ML-related data) in next-generation communication (e.g., 6G).

[0217] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a data response protocol (e.g., ASDAP; AI / ML and Sensing data adaptation protocol) layer is proposed for processing sensing data (e.g., sensing measurement data) and AI / ML data (e.g., AI / ML model training data, AI / ML model inference data), which are representative service data of next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication.

[0218] For example, the primary function of the new data response protocol (e.g., ASDAP) layer may be to map sensing data and AI / ML data according to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology to a next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB). To this end, a base station or an entity including a sensing function (e.g., SF) or an entity including an AI / ML function may set (and / or assign) a next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication-specific radio bearer (e.g., Data Radio Bearer (DRB)) setting to a terminal. For example, the radio bearer (e.g., DRB) setting may include setting information regarding which next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) the sensing data is mapped to, and / or setting information regarding which next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) the AI / ML data is mapped to.

[0219] FIG. 13 illustrates a data adaptation protocol layer that performs mapping according to data characteristics, which can be applied to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0220] Referring to FIG. 13, a new data adaptation protocol (e.g., ASDAP) may exist between the core network tunnel layer and the packet data integration protocol (e.g., PDCP) layer. For example, this new data adaptation protocol (e.g., ASDAP) can perform radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapping based on data characteristics (e.g., sensing data or AI / ML data).

[0221] For example, the configuration of a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) dedicated to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology may include the following information.

[0222] 1. Radio Bearer (e.g., DRB) Identifier (Radio Bearer (e.g., DRB) ID)

[0223] - A unique ID identifying each radio bearer (e.g., DRB).

[0224] 2. QoS Parameters

[0225] - 6QI(6G QoS Identifier); ID representing a predefined QoS profile.

[0226] - GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) / Non-GBR; whether the corresponding radio bearer (e.g., DRB) supports GBR.

[0227] - PDB(Packet Delay Budget); Allowable packet delay range.

[0228] - PER(Packet Error Rate); Allowable packet error rate.

[0229] 3. Configure Packet Data Convergence Protocol (e.g., PDCP)

[0230] - Data encryption and integrity protection settings.

[0231] - Whether to apply header compression.

[0232] - Packet Data Integration Protocol (e.g., PDCP) Duplication setting (whether packet duplication is supported).

[0233] 4. Radio Link Control (e.g., RLC) Settings

[0234] - Radio Link Control (e.g., RLC) Mode Settings: UM (Unacknowledged Mode), AM (Acknowledged Mode)

[0235] - Segmentation and retransmission status.

[0236] 5. Logical Channel Configuration

[0237] - Logical Channel Identifier (LCID) assigned to a specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB).

[0238] 6. Setting Priorities.

[0239] - Transmission priority. For example, 1 to 8, a smaller value may mean a higher priority transmission.

[0240] 7. Medium Access Control (e.g., MAC) Settings

[0241] - Scheduling method (e.g., Dynamic Scheduling; a request-based resource allocation method to base stations using scheduling requests and buffer status reporting, semi-permanent scheduling; a resource allocation method using periodic transmission resources set via RRC signaling).

[0242] - Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) settings.

[0243] 8. Configuration of Data Adaptation Protocol (e.g., ASDAP; AI / ML and Sensing service Data Adaptation Protocol)

[0244] - Configuration information regarding which next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) the sensing data is mapped to

[0245] - Configuration information on which next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) AI / ML data is mapped to

[0246] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a data adaptation protocol (e.g., ASDAP) can perform next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapping at the level of data characteristics (e.g., AI / ML data, sensing data) rather than at the QoS flow level.

[0247] For example, a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) dedicated to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology for delay-sensitive and high-reliability sensing data can be defined, and a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) dedicated to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology for delay-tolerant and high-reliability AI / ML model training / inference data can be defined.

[0248] For example, a base station can set up a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) dedicated to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology for latency-sensitive and high-stability sensing data for a terminal, and a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) dedicated to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology for latency-tolerant and high-stability AI / ML model training / inference data.

[0249] For example, when sensing data and / or AI / ML data from a terminal-to-base station link (e.g., UL link) occur, a terminal (or the terminal's data adaptation protocol (e.g., ASDAP)) can perform a data transmission operation using a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapped to said data.

[0250] Additionally, for example, when a base station (or a base station’s data adaptation protocol (e.g., ASDAP)) receives sensing data and / or AI / ML data from a core network on a base station-to-terminal link (e.g., DL), it can perform a base station-to-terminal link (e.g., DL) data transmission operation using a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapped to said data.

[0251] For example, data characteristic identifier (e.g., DCI) 1 may mean latency-sensitive and highly stable sensing data, and / or data characteristic identifier (e.g., DCI) 2 may mean latency-robust and highly stable AI / ML model training / inference data. For example, data characteristic identifier (e.g., DCI) 1 may be mapped to radio bearer (e.g., DRB) 1, and / or data characteristic identifier (e.g., DCI) 2 may be mapped to radio bearer (e.g., DRB) 2.

[0252] FIG. 14 illustrates a data adaptation protocol layer that performs mapping according to data volume, which can be applied to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0253] Referring to Fig. 14, a new data adaptation protocol (e.g., HVDAP; high volume data adaptation protocol) may exist between the core network tunnel layer and the packet data integration protocol (e.g., PDCP) layer. For example, this new data adaptation protocol (e.g., HVDAP) can perform radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapping based on data volume.

[0254] For example, a terminal (or the terminal's data adaptation protocol (e.g., HVDAP)) can perform next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapping at the data volume level rather than at the data characteristic level (e.g., AI / ML data, sensing data).

[0255] For example, according to the present disclosure, a “data to radio bearer (eg. DRB) mapping” rule is proposed that enables next-generation (eg. 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (eg. DRB) mapping to be performed for each data volume group by classifying data volume levels (e.g., Group 1: ultra-high capacity next-generation (eg. 6G) data, Group 2: high capacity next-generation (eg. 6G) data, Group 3: ultra-high capacity next-generation (eg. 6G) data < next-generation (eg. 6G) data < high capacity next-generation (eg. 6G) data).

[0256] For example, a base station may set up a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) dedicated to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology for each next-generation (e.g., 6G) data volume group for the terminal. When terminal-to-base station sensing data and / or AI / ML data is generated, the terminal (or the terminal's data adaptation protocol (e.g., HVDAP)) may perform a data transmission operation using the radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapped to said data. Additionally, when base station (or the base station's data adaptation protocol (e.g., HVDAP)) receives base station-to-terminal link (e.g., DL) sensing data and / or AI / ML data from the core network, the base station (or the base station's data adaptation protocol (e.g., HVDAP)) may perform a base station-to-terminal link (e.g., DL) data transmission operation using the radio bearer (e.g., DRB) mapped to said data.

[0257] For example, the configuration of a radio bearer (e.g., DRB) dedicated to next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology may include the following information.

[0258] 1. Radio Bearer (e.g., DRB) Identifier (Radio Bearer (e.g., DRB) ID)

[0259] - A unique ID identifying each radio bearer (e.g., DRB).

[0260] 2. QoS Parameters

[0261] - 6QI(6G QoS Identifier); ID representing a predefined QoS profile.

[0262] - GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) / Non-GBR; whether the corresponding radio bearer (e.g., DRB) supports GBR.

[0263] - PDB(Packet Delay Budget); Allowable packet delay range.

[0264] - PER(Packet Error Rate); Allowable packet error rate.

[0265] 3. Configure Packet Data Convergence Protocol (e.g., PDCP)

[0266] - Data encryption and integrity protection settings.

[0267] - Whether to apply header compression.

[0268] - Packet Data Integration Protocol (e.g., PDCP) Duplication setting (whether packet duplication is supported).

[0269] 4. Radio Link Control (e.g., RLC) Settings

[0270] - Radio Link Control (e.g., RLC) Mode Settings: UM (Unacknowledged Mode), AM (Acknowledged Mode)

[0271] - Segmentation and retransmission status.

[0272] 5. Logical Channel Configuration

[0273] - Logical Channel Identifier (LCID) assigned to a specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB).

[0274] 6. Setting Priorities.

[0275] - Transmission priority. For example, 1 to 8, a smaller value may mean a higher priority transmission.

[0276] 7. Medium Access Control (e.g., MAC) Settings

[0277] - Scheduling method (e.g., Dynamic Scheduling; a request-based resource allocation method to base stations using scheduling requests and buffer status reporting, semi-permanent scheduling; a resource allocation method using periodic transmission resources set via RRC signaling).

[0278] - Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) settings.

[0279] 8. Configure Data Adaptation Protocol (e.g., HVDAP; High Volume Data Adaptation Protocol)

[0280] - Configuration information on which next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) high-capacity sensing data is mapped to

[0281] - Configuration information on which next-generation (e.g., 6G) communication technology-specific radio bearer (e.g., DRB) high-volume AI / ML data is mapped to

[0282] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be extended and applicable to all sensing scenarios of the present disclosure.

[0283] In the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) based on existing technology (e.g., 5G), the QoS flow of packets received (transmitted) from the user plane function (UPF) is mapped to the radio bearer (e.g., DRB). According to existing technology, the QoS related to the transmission of (large volume) sensing data (e.g., sensing measurement data) and AI / ML data (e.g., AI / ML model training data, AI / ML model inference data) transmitted and received in next-generation communication (e.g., 6G) may not be satisfied.

[0284] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a new data adaptation protocol (e.g., ASDAP; AI / ML and Sensing service data adaptation protocol) layer is proposed for processing the transmission of sensing data (e.g., sensing measurement data) and AI / ML data (e.g., AI / ML model training data, AI / ML model inference data) in next-generation communication (e.g., 6G). The main function of the new data adaptation protocol (e.g., ASDAP) layer may include mapping the sensing data and AI / ML data of next-generation communication (e.g., 6G) to a dedicated radio bearer (e.g., DRB).

[0285] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the transmission and reception of transmission and reception packets of next-generation communication (e.g., 6G), which may require a large capacity, can be optimized.

[0286] FIG. 15 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, suggestion, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0287] Referring to FIG. 15, at step S1510, the first device may obtain information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing. At step S1520, the first device may perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol. For example, the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and the first radio bearer, or mapping information between the data related to sensing and the second radio bearer.

[0288] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to AIML.

[0289] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to data related to sensing.

[0290] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol used based on the fact that the volume of data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0291] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol can be obtained by receiving it from a base station.

[0292] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol can be obtained by receiving it from a device related to a sensing function or a device related to an AIML function.

[0293] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol may include radio bearer settings.

[0294] For example, the above radio bearer settings may include at least one of a radio bearer ID (identifier), QoS (quality of service) parameters, or information related to high-capacity data adaptation protocol settings.

[0295] For example, the step of performing communication based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include: the step of the data adaptation protocol acquiring a first protocol data unit containing first data related to AIML; and the step of the data adaptation protocol transmitting the first protocol data unit to a radio link control layer.

[0296] For example, the first protocol data unit mentioned above may not include information related to QoS flow.

[0297] For example, the step of performing communication based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include: the step of the data adaptation protocol acquiring a first protocol data unit containing first data related to sensing; and the step of the data adaptation protocol transmitting the first protocol data unit to a radio link control layer.

[0298] For example, the first protocol data unit mentioned above may not include information related to QoS flow.

[0299] The above-described embodiment may be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may obtain information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may control a transceiver (106) to perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol. For example, the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and the first radio bearer, or mapping information between the data related to sensing and the second radio bearer.

[0300] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: acquire information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0301] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to AIML.

[0302] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to data related to sensing.

[0303] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol used based on the fact that the volume of data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0304] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol can be obtained by receiving it from a base station.

[0305] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol can be obtained by receiving it from a device related to a sensing function or a device related to an AIML function.

[0306] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol may include radio bearer settings.

[0307] For example, the above radio bearer settings may include at least one of a radio bearer ID (identifier), QoS (quality of service) parameters, or information related to high-capacity data adaptation protocol settings.

[0308] For example, the step of performing communication based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include: the step of the data adaptation protocol acquiring a first protocol data unit containing first data related to AIML; and the step of the data adaptation protocol transmitting the first protocol data unit to a radio link control layer.

[0309] For example, the first protocol data unit mentioned above may not include information related to QoS flow.

[0310] For example, the step of performing communication based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include: the step of the data adaptation protocol acquiring a first protocol data unit containing first data related to sensing; and the step of the data adaptation protocol transmitting the first protocol data unit to a radio link control layer.

[0311] For example, the first protocol data unit mentioned above may not include information related to QoS flow.

[0312] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: obtain information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0313] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording commands may be provided. For example, when the commands are executed, the first device may: obtain information regarding a data adaptation protocol regarding the transmission of data related to artificial intelligence and machine learning (AIML) or data related to sensing; and perform communication based on the information regarding the data adaptation protocol, wherein the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0314] FIG. 16 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, suggestion, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0315] Referring to FIG. 16, in step S1610, the second device may transmit to the first device information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing. In step S1620, the second device may communicate with the first device. For example, the communication may be performed based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol within the first device, based on the fact that the transmitted data is data related to AIML or data related to sensing, and the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and the first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and the second radio bearer.

[0316] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to AIML.

[0317] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to data related to sensing.

[0318] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol used based on the fact that the volume of data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0319] For example, the second device mentioned above may be a base station.

[0320] For example, the second device mentioned above may be a device related to a location management function.

[0321] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol may include radio bearer settings.

[0322] For example, the above radio bearer settings may include at least one of a radio bearer ID (identifier), QoS (quality of service) parameters, or information related to high-capacity data adaptation protocol settings.

[0323] For example, a first protocol data unit containing first data related to AIML is obtained by the data adaptation protocol within the first device, and the first protocol data unit can be transmitted to the radio link control layer within the first device by the data adaptation protocol.

[0324] For example, the first protocol data unit transmitted to the above data adaptation protocol may not include information related to the QoS flow.

[0325] For example, a first protocol data unit including first data related to sensing is obtained by the data adaptation protocol within the first device, and the first protocol data unit can be transmitted to the radio link control layer within the first device by the data adaptation protocol.

[0326] For example, the first protocol data unit transmitted to the above data adaptation protocol may not include information related to the QoS flow.

[0327] The above-described embodiment may be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may control the transceiver (206) to transmit information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing to the first device (100). Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may perform communication with the first device (100). For example, the communication may be performed based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol within the first device (100), based on the fact that the transmitted data is data related to AIML or data related to sensing, and the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and the first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and the second radio bearer.

[0328] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the second device may: transmit to the first device information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and perform communication with the first device, wherein the communication is performed based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol within the first device based on the fact that the transmitted data is data related to AIML or data related to sensing, and the information regarding the data adaptation protocol may include mapping information between the data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between the data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

[0329] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to AIML.

[0330] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol dedicated to data related to sensing.

[0331] For example, the above data adaptation protocol may be a data adaptation protocol used based on the fact that the volume of data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0332] For example, the second device mentioned above may be a base station.

[0333] For example, the second device mentioned above may be a device related to a location management function.

[0334] For example, information regarding the above data adaptation protocol may include radio bearer settings.

[0335] For example, the above radio bearer settings may include at least one of a radio bearer ID (identifier), QoS (quality of service) parameters, or information related to high-capacity data adaptation protocol settings.

[0336] For example, a first protocol data unit containing first data related to AIML is obtained by the data adaptation protocol within the first device, and the first protocol data unit can be transmitted to the radio link control layer within the first device by the data adaptation protocol.

[0337] For example, the first protocol data unit transmitted to the above data adaptation protocol may not include information related to the QoS flow.

[0338] For example, a first protocol data unit including first data related to sensing is obtained by the data adaptation protocol within the first device, and the first protocol data unit can be transmitted to the radio link control layer within the first device by the data adaptation protocol.

[0339] For example, the first protocol data unit transmitted to the above data adaptation protocol may not include information related to the QoS flow.

[0340] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with one another, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or procedures among the various embodiments may be omitted.

[0341] The following describes an apparatus to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0342] Although not limited to this, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0343] Examples are provided in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and descriptions, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or function blocks unless otherwise described.

[0344] FIG. 17 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0345] Referring to FIG. 17, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication functions, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility). The XR device includes an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0346] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present disclosure may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, but is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally or generally, wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present disclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) for low-power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0347] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) through a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) through the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) may communicate with each other through the base station (200) / network (300), but they may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0348] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base station (200) and base station (200) / base station (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and inter-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc.

[0349] FIG. 18 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0350] Referring to FIG. 18, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to {wireless device (100x), base station (200)} and / or {wireless device (100x), wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 17.

[0351] For example, the description of the first wireless device (or device) and the second wireless device (or device) below may be extended to the third wireless device (300) (or device) or the wireless device (or device) corresponding to a subsequent reference number. For example, the reference number of the processor of the third wireless device (300) may be 302, and the reference number of the transceiver may be 306.

[0352] The first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memory (104) and / or transceivers (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information within the memory (104) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). Additionally, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (106) may be combined with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0353] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202) and one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or transceivers (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a third information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the third information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a fourth information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory (204). Memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0354] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) containing a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0355] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be contained in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0356] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be composed of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0357] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert the received wireless signal / channel, etc. from an RF band signal to a baseband signal in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0358] FIG. 19 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0359] Referring to FIG. 19, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operation / function of FIG. 19 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 18. The hardware elements of FIG. 19 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 18. For example, blocks 1010 through 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 18. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 18, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 18.

[0360] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 19. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transmission block (e.g., UL-SCH transmission block, DL-SCH transmission block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).

[0361] Specifically, a codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by a scrambler (1010). The scrambled sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, which may include ID information of a wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on the complex modulation symbols. Additionally, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0362] A resource mapper (1050) can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to a time-frequency resource. The time-frequency resource may include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A signal generator (1060) generates a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0363] The signal processing process for a received signal in a wireless device can be configured as the inverse of the signal processing process (1010–1060) of FIG. 19. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 in FIG. 18) can receive a wireless signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signal can be converted into a baseband signal through a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Subsequently, the baseband signal can be restored into a codeword through a resource de-mapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a de-scrambling process. The codeword can be restored into the original information block through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0364] FIG. 20 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-example / service (see FIG. 17). The embodiment of FIG. 20 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0365] Referring to FIG. 20, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 18 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 18. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 18. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and additional elements (140) and controls the general operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on a program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). Additionally, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110) in the memory unit (130).

[0366] The additional element (140) can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 17, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 17, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 17, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 17, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 17, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 17, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (Fig. 17, 400), a base station (Fig. 17, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices can be used in a movable or fixed location depending on the use—e.g., service.

[0367] In FIG. 20, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least a portion may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). Additionally, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may include one or more additional elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more sets of processors. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0368] Hereinafter, an implementation example of FIG. 20 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0369] FIG. 21 illustrates a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The portable device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 21 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0370] Referring to FIG. 21, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c each correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 20.

[0371] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control the components of the portable device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) may include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands required for the operation of the portable device (100). Additionally, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the portable device (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support the connection between the portable device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) may include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can receive or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker and / or a haptic module, etc.

[0372] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) acquires information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input from the user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to another wireless device or to a base station. Additionally, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from another wireless device or base station and then restore the received wireless signals to their original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0373] The claims described in this disclosure may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a method. Additionally, the technical features of the method claims of this disclosure and the technical features of the device claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims of this disclosure and the technical features of the device claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a method.

Claims

1. Regarding the method, A step of obtaining information on a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and The method includes the step of performing communication based on information regarding the above data adaptation protocol, A method in which information regarding the above data adaptation protocol includes mapping information between data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

2. In Paragraph 1, The above data adaptation protocol is a method that is a data adaptation protocol dedicated to AIML.

3. In Paragraph 1, The above data adaptation protocol is a data adaptation protocol dedicated to data related to sensing, a method.

4. In Paragraph 1, The above data adaptation protocol is a method that is a data adaptation protocol used based on the fact that the volume of data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

5. In Paragraph 1, A method in which information regarding the above data adaptation protocol is obtained by receiving from a base station.

6. In Paragraph 1, A method for obtaining information regarding the above data adaptation protocol by receiving it from a device related to a sensing function or a device related to an AIML function.

7. In Paragraph 1, Information regarding the above data adaptation protocol includes a radio bearer setting, a method.

8. In Paragraph 7, A method in which the above radio bearer setting includes at least one of information related to a radio bearer ID (identifier), QoS (quality of service) parameters, or high-capacity data adaptation protocol setting.

9. In Paragraph 1, The step of performing communication based on information regarding the above data adaptation protocol is: The above data adaptation protocol comprises the step of acquiring a first protocol data unit including first data related to AIML; and A method comprising the step of the above data adaptation protocol transmitting the first protocol data unit to the radio link control layer.

10. In Paragraph 9, A method in which the first protocol data unit above does not include information related to QoS flow.

11. In Paragraph 1, The step of performing communication based on information regarding the above data adaptation protocol is: The above data adaptation protocol comprises the step of acquiring a first protocol data unit including first data related to sensing; and A method comprising the step of the above data adaptation protocol transmitting the first protocol data unit to the radio link control layer.

12. In Paragraph 11, A method in which the first protocol data unit above does not include information related to QoS flow.

13. In Paragraph 1, The above method is a method performed by a first device.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and It includes at least one memory connected to the above-mentioned at least one processor and storing instructions, Based on the execution of the above instructions by the at least one processor, the first device: To obtain information on data adaptation protocols related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and Communication is performed based on information regarding the above data adaptation protocol, but, A first device, wherein information regarding the above data adaptation protocol includes mapping information between data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

15. In a processing device configured to control a first device, At least one processor; and It includes at least one memory connected to the above-mentioned at least one processor and storing instructions, Based on the execution of the above instructions by the at least one processor, the first device: To obtain information on data adaptation protocols related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and Communication is performed based on information regarding the above data adaptation protocol, but, A processing device in which information regarding the above data adaptation protocol includes mapping information between data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

16. As a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions, When executed, the above commands cause the first device: To obtain information on data adaptation protocols related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and Communication is performed based on information regarding the above data adaptation protocol, but, Information regarding the above data adaptation protocol is a non-transient computer-readable storage medium comprising mapping information between data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

17. Regarding the method, A step of transmitting to the first device information regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and The method includes the step of communicating with the first device, wherein The above communication is performed based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol within the first device, based on whether the transmitted data is AIML-related data or sensing-related data, and A method in which information regarding the above data adaptation protocol includes mapping information between data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

18. In Paragraph 17, A method in which a first protocol data unit transmitted to the above data adaptation protocol does not include information related to QoS (quality of service) flow.

19. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and It includes at least one memory connected to the above-mentioned at least one processor and storing instructions, Based on the above instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the second device: To transmit information to the first device regarding a data adaptation protocol related to the transmission of data related to AIML (artificial intelligence and machine learning) or data related to sensing; and Communicate with the above-mentioned first device, The above communication is performed based on information regarding the data adaptation protocol within the first device, based on whether the transmitted data is AIML-related data or sensing-related data, and A second device, wherein information regarding the above data adaptation protocol includes mapping information between data related to AIML and a first radio bearer or mapping information between data related to sensing and a second radio bearer.

20. In Paragraph 19, A second device in which the first protocol data unit transmitted to the above data adaptation protocol does not include information related to the QoS (quality of service) flow.

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