Battery pack

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery pack, and the technical problem is to be solved by providing a battery pack capable of quickly and / or accurately detecting thermal runaway if thermal runaway occurs inside the battery pack. To this end, the disclosure provides the battery pack comprising: a plurality of secondary batteries which are formed on one side, and which include a cell vent ruptured at a predetermined pressure or higher so as to discharge gas; a housing for accommodating the plurality of secondary batteries; a pack vent which is positioned on one side of the plurality of secondary batteries while covering the cell vent, and which guides the discharged gas to the outside of the housing; and at least one temperature sensor which is provided inside the pack vent and which measures the temperature inside the pack vent.

Description

battery pack

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a battery pack.

[0002] In general, the demand for high-energy-density, high-capacity rechargeable batteries is rapidly increasing in line with the recent rapid proliferation of electronic devices using batteries, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, and electric vehicles. Accordingly, research and development to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries is actively underway.

[0003] A lithium secondary battery is a battery comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode containing an active material capable of lithium ion intercalation and deintercalation, and an electrolyte, and produces electrical energy through oxidation and reduction reactions when lithium ions are intercalated / deintercalated from the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0004] The information described above disclosed in the background technology of this invention is intended only to enhance understanding of the background of the present invention and may therefore include information that does not constitute prior art.

[0005] The present invention can provide a battery pack comprising a pack vent that discharges gas generated within the battery pack to the outside of the battery pack.

[0006] The present invention can provide a battery pack comprising a temperature sensor that rapidly detects thermal runaway occurring within the battery pack.

[0007] The present invention can provide a battery pack comprising a sensor that detects a secondary battery in which thermal runaway has occurred when thermal runaway occurs within the battery pack.

[0008] The present invention can provide a battery pack that sprays a fire extinguishing agent when thermal runaway occurs within the battery pack.

[0009] However, the technical problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to those described above, and other unmentioned problems can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention below.

[0010] A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above technical problem may include: a plurality of secondary batteries including a cell vent formed on one side and ruptured at a pressure greater than a predetermined pressure to eject gas; a housing that accommodates the plurality of secondary batteries; a pack vent located on one side of the plurality of secondary batteries while covering the cell vent and guiding the ejected gas to the outside of the housing; and at least one temperature sensor provided inside the pack vent and measuring the temperature inside the pack vent.

[0011] For example, the temperature sensor can be located at the outlet of the pack vent.

[0012] For example, a plurality of secondary batteries may be arranged side by side to form a plurality of battery arrays, and the pack vent may include a plurality of sub-pack vents disposed on the plurality of battery arrays and guiding the ejected gas; and a main pack vent connected to the plurality of sub-pack vents and guiding the ejected gas to the outside of the housing.

[0013] For example, the battery pack may include a sub-sensor located at a connection point where a sub-pack vent and a main pack vent are connected, and which measures the temperature of the connection point.

[0014] For example, the housing includes a partition that separates a plurality of battery arrays; and the partition may include an insulating material.

[0015] For example, the temperature sensor may include a pair of first temperature sensors located adjacent to each other; and a second temperature sensor.

[0016] For example, the battery pack may further include a BMS that determines that thermal runaway has occurred if the temperature measured by a temperature sensor is above a predetermined temperature.

[0017] For example, the battery pack further includes a voltage sensor that measures the voltage of each of a plurality of secondary batteries; and the BMS can determine which secondary battery has thermal runaway based on the measured voltage.

[0018] For example, if the BMS determines that a thermal runaway has occurred, it can send an alarm to a pre-configured server.

[0019] For example, the temperature sensor may include a fuse that breaks at a predetermined temperature or higher.

[0020] For example, the predetermined temperature may be 100℃ or higher.

[0021] For example, a cell vent may be located on the upper side of a secondary battery, and a pack vent may be located on the upper side of multiple secondary batteries while covering the cell vent.

[0022] For example, a cell vent may be located on the lower side of a secondary battery, and a pack vent may be located on the lower side of multiple secondary batteries while covering the cell vent.

[0023] For example, the battery pack further includes a flow path formed by extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing and spraying a fire extinguishing agent into the internal space of the housing; and the fire extinguishing agent may include a liquid or gaseous fire extinguishing agent.

[0024]

[0025] For example, the Euro may include a heat-sensitive material that melts at a predetermined temperature or higher.

[0026] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention for solving the above technical problem may include: a plurality of battery modules; a housing that accommodates the plurality of battery modules; a plurality of module vents located on the plurality of battery modules; a pack vent connected to the module vents and guiding gas ejected from the module vents to the outside of the housing; and at least one temperature sensor provided inside the pack vents and measuring the temperature inside the pack vents.

[0027] For example, the battery module includes a plurality of secondary batteries; and the secondary batteries may include a cell vent formed on one side and ruptured at a pressure above a predetermined pressure to discharge gas into the module vent.

[0028] For example, the temperature sensor can be located adjacent to the outlet of the pack vent.

[0029] For example, the temperature sensor may include a pair of first temperature sensors located adjacent to each other; and a second temperature sensor.

[0030] For example, the battery pack may include a voltage sensor that measures the voltage of each of a plurality of battery modules; and a BMS that determines which battery module has thermal runaway based on the measured voltage.

[0031] According to the present invention, gas generated within a battery pack can be discharged to the outside of the battery pack.

[0032] According to the present invention, thermal runaway occurring within a battery pack can be rapidly detected.

[0033] According to the present invention, if thermal runaway occurs within a battery pack, the secondary battery in which thermal runaway has occurred can be detected.

[0034] According to the present invention, if thermal runaway occurs within a battery pack, the thermal runaway can be quenched.

[0035] However, the effects obtainable through the present invention are not limited to those described above, and other unmentioned technical effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention below.

[0036] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and serve to further enhance understanding of the technical concept of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention provided below; therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in such drawings.

[0037] FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a pack vent according to one embodiment of the present invention is installed on a secondary battery.

[0041] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A' of Figure 1.

[0042] FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pack vent according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 8 is a top view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 9 is a top view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG. 10 is a top view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing a housing according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings. Instead, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best describe their invention, they should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely some of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that various equivalents and modifications capable of replacing them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0049] Additionally, as used herein, “comprise, include” and / or “comprising, including” specify the presence of the mentioned features, numbers, steps, actions, parts, elements, and / or groups thereof, and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, actions, parts, elements, and / or groups.

[0050] Additionally, to aid in understanding the invention, the attached drawings are not drawn to actual scale, and the dimensions of some components may be exaggerated. Furthermore, the same reference numerals may be assigned to identical components in different embodiments.

[0051] The statement that two subjects of comparison are 'identical' means that they are 'substantially identical.' Therefore, substantial identity may include deviations considered low in the industry, for example, deviations within 5%. Additionally, the statement that a parameter is uniform in a given area may mean that it is uniform from an average perspective.

[0052] Although terms such as first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another, and unless specifically stated otherwise, the first component may also be the second component.

[0053] Throughout the specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, each component may be singular or plural.

[0054] The fact that any configuration is placed on the "upper (or lower)" of a component or on the "upper (or lower)" of a component may mean not only that any configuration is placed in contact with the upper (or lower) surface of said component, but also that another configuration may be interposed between said component and any configuration placed on (or below) said component.

[0055] Furthermore, where one component is described as being "on," "connected to," or "coupled to" another component, it should be understood that while the components may be directly connected or coupled to each other, another component may be "interposed" between each component, or that each component may be "connected," "coupled," or "coupled" through another component.

[0056] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Additionally, the use of “may” when describing embodiments of the present disclosure relates to “one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.” Expressions such as “one or more” and “one or more” preceding a list of elements modify the entire list of elements and do not modify individual elements of the list.

[0057] Throughout the specification, "A and / or B" means A, B, or A and B unless specifically stated otherwise, and "C to D" means C or more and D or less, unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0058] When syntax such as "at least one of A, B, and C", "at least one of A, B, or C", "at least one selected from the group of A, B, and C", or "at least one selected from A, B, and C" is used to specify a list of elements A, B, and C, the syntax can refer to any suitable combination.

[0059] The term "use" may be considered synonymous with the term "utilize." As used herein, "substantially," "about," and similar terms are used as terms of approximation rather than degree, and are intended to account for the inherent variation of measured or calculated values ​​that a person skilled in the art would recognize.

[0060] In this specification, terms such as first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, but these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another element, component, region, layer, or section. Accordingly, the first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be named the second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0061] Spatial relative terms such as "beneath," "below," "lower," "above," and "upper" may be used herein for ease of explanation to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the drawings. Spatially relative positions are to be understood as encompassing different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, an element described as "below" or "below" is understood as "above" or "upper" of another element. Thus, the term "below" may encompass both the up and down directions.

[0062] The terms used in this specification are intended to describe embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0063] In this specification, the X-axis may represent a first direction based on FIG. 1. In this specification, the Y-axis may represent a second direction based on FIG. 1. The Y-axis represents a direction perpendicular to the X-axis. In this specification, the Z-axis may represent a third direction based on FIG. 1. The Z-axis represents a direction perpendicular to the X-axis. The Z-axis represents a direction perpendicular to the Y-axis. Additionally, the Z-axis represents a direction perpendicular to the XY plane. The Z-axis may represent the height direction of the battery pack (1000). Additionally, the Z-axis may represent the height direction of the secondary battery (100).

[0064] FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of secondary batteries (100), a housing (1100), and a pack vent (200).

[0066] A battery pack (1000) may include a plurality of secondary batteries (100). Although FIG. 1 illustrates a case where the battery pack (1000) includes five secondary batteries (100), this is merely an example and the number of secondary batteries (100) included in the battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0067] The secondary battery (100) can function as a unit structure that stores and supplies power in a battery pack (1000).

[0068] Multiple secondary batteries (100) may be provided. Multiple secondary batteries (100) may be arranged inside the housing (1100) to form various patterns, such as a grid or a zigzag pattern. Multiple secondary batteries (100) may be arranged side by side. The number of secondary batteries (100) can be varied in design depending on the size, shape, etc. of the housing (1100). Multiple secondary batteries (100) may be connected in series or in parallel by a busbar, etc.

[0069] The housing (1100) accommodates multiple secondary batteries (100).

[0070] The housing (1100) may include a housing body (1110) and a cover (1120).

[0071] The housing body (1110) can be formed to have a box shape with an empty interior and one side open. The cross-sectional shape of the housing body (1110) is not limited to the square shape shown in FIG. 1, but can be designed to have various shapes such as polygons, circles, and ellipses.

[0072] The cover (1120) is coupled to the housing body (1110) and can close the internal space of the housing body (1110). For example, the cover (1120) may be formed to have a shape roughly like a plate and may be positioned to face the open side of the housing body (1110). The cover (1120) may be fixed to the housing body (1110) by various types of coupling methods, such as bolting, welding, or snap-fitting.

[0073] The pack vent (200) is located on one side of a plurality of secondary batteries (100). The pack vent (200) can discharge gas generated inside the housing (1100) to the outside of the housing (1100). The pack vent (200) can guide gas generated from the secondary batteries (100) to the outside of the housing (1100).

[0074] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the battery pack (1000) described in FIG. 1) comprises a plurality of secondary batteries (100).

[0076] A secondary battery (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the secondary battery (100) described in FIG. 1) may include a case (110), an electrode assembly (120), a cap plate (130), a first terminal (141), and a second terminal (142).

[0077] The case (110) forms the general outline of the secondary battery (100) and can accommodate the electrode assembly (120).

[0078] The case (110) according to the present embodiment may include a bottom portion (111), an end portion (112), a first side portion (113), and a second side portion (114).

[0079] The bottom portion (111) can form the lower exterior of the case (110). The bottom portion (111) according to the present embodiment may have the shape of a rectangular plate. The bottom portion (111) may be seated on the bottom surface of the housing body (1110).

[0080] The end portion (112), the first side portion (113), and the second side portion (114) can form the periphery surface of the case (110).

[0081] The end portion (112) according to the present embodiment may be formed in the shape of a plate extending in a third direction from the edge of the bottom portion (111). The end portion (112) may be provided in a pair. A pair of end portions (112) may be arranged facing each other along a first direction. A pair of end portions (112) may be arranged parallel to each other.

[0082] The first side portion (113) and the second side portion (114) according to the present embodiment may have the shape of a plate extending in a third direction from the edge of the bottom portion (111). The first side portion (113) and the second side portion (114) may be arranged to face each other along the second direction.

[0083] The first side portion (113) and the second side portion (114) may be arranged parallel to each other. The outer surface of the first side portion (113) may be arranged to face the opposite direction of the second direction inside the housing body (1110), and the outer surface of the second side portion (114) may be arranged to face the second direction inside the housing body (1110).

[0084] The first side portion (113) and the second side portion (114) may be positioned perpendicularly to a pair of end portions (112). Both ends of the first side portion (113) and the second side portion (114) may each be connected to a pair of end portions (112).

[0085] The area of ​​each end portion (112) may be larger than the area of ​​the first side portion (113) and the second side portion (114). Accordingly, the case (110) according to the present embodiment may have a roughly rectangular box shape.

[0086] A case (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include an opening (115). The opening (115) may refer to a space enclosed by the upper portions of the end portion (112), the first side portion (113), and the second side portion (114). The opening (115) may interconnect the internal space and the external space of the case (110). The opening (115) may be positioned to face the housing cover (1120) from inside the housing (1100).

[0087] The electrode assembly (120) can function as a unit structure that performs charging and discharging operations of power in a secondary battery. The electrode assembly (120) can be accommodated inside the case (110).

[0088] The electrode assembly (120) according to the present embodiment can function as a unit structure that performs charging and discharging operations of power in a secondary battery (100).

[0089] The electrode assembly (120) includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode is a positive electrode or a negative electrode. The second electrode is a negative electrode or a positive electrode and has a polarity different from that of the first electrode. Below, the case where the first electrode is a positive electrode and the second electrode is a negative electrode can be described as an example.

[0090] Additionally, the electrode assembly (120) may further include a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode. The separator prevents the first electrode and the second electrode from coming into contact with each other and prevents a short circuit from occurring between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrode assembly (120) may be formed by stacking the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separator provided between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0091] A detailed description of each component of the electrode assembly (120) is as follows.

[0092] positive electrode active material

[0093] As a positive electrode active material, a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium (a lithated intercalation compound) may be used. Specifically, one or more composite oxides of lithium and a metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and combinations thereof may be used.

[0094] The above composite oxide may be a lithium transition metal composite oxide, and specific examples include a lithium nickel-based oxide, a lithium cobalt-based oxide, a lithium manganese-based oxide, a lithium iron phosphate-based compound, a cobalt-free nickel-manganese-based oxide, or a combination thereof.

[0095] As an example, a compound represented by any one of the following chemical formulas may be used. Li a A 1-b X b O 2-c D c (0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤b≤0.5, 0≤c≤0.05); Li a Mn 2-bX b About 4-c D c (0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤b≤0.5, 0≤c≤0.05); Li a Ni 1-b-c Co b X c About 2-α D α (0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤b≤0.5, 0≤c≤0.5, 0<α<2); Li a Ni 1-b-c Mn b X c About 2-α D α (0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤b≤0.5, 0≤c≤0.5, 0<α<2); Li a Ni b Co c L 1-d G e O2(0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤b≤0.9, 0≤c≤0.5, 0≤d≤0.5, 0≤e≤0.1); Li a NiG b O2(0.90≤a≤1.8, 0.001≤b≤0.1); Li a CoG b O2(0.90≤a≤1.8, 0.001≤b≤0.1); Li a Mn 1-b G b O2(0.90≤a≤1.8, 0.001≤b≤0.1); Li a Mn2G b O4(0.90≤a≤1.8, 0.001≤b≤0.1); Li a Mn 1-g G g PO4(0.90≤a≤1.8, 0≤g≤0.5); Li (3-f) Fe2(PO4)3(0≤f≤2); Li a FePO4(0.90≤a≤1.8).

[0096] In the above chemical formula, A is Ni, Co, Mn, or a combination thereof; X is Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof; D is O, F, S, P, or a combination thereof; G is Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V, or a combination thereof; and L1 is Mn, Al, or a combination thereof.

[0097] For example, the above-mentioned positive electrode active material may be a high-nickel positive electrode active material in which the nickel content relative to 100 mol% of the metal excluding lithium in the lithium transition metal composite oxide is 80 mol% or more, 85 mol% or more, 90 mol% or more, 91 mol% or more, or 94 mol% or more and 99 mol% or less. The high-nickel positive electrode active material can achieve high capacity and can be applied to high-capacity, high-density lithium batteries.

[0098] anode

[0099] A positive electrode for a secondary battery (100) may include a current collector and a positive electrode active material layer formed on the current collector. The positive electrode active material layer may include a positive electrode active material and may further include a binder and / or a conductive material.

[0100] For example, the above anode may further include an additive that can serve as a sacrificial anode.

[0101] The content of the positive active material is 90% to 99.5% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the positive active material layer, and the content of the binder and the conductive material may each be 0.5% to 5% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the positive active material layer.

[0102] The above binder serves to adhere the positive active material particles well to each other and also to adhere the positive active material well to the current collector. Representative examples of binders include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, diacetylcellulose, polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polymers containing ethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, (meth)acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, (meth)acrylic resin, polyester resin, nylon, etc.

[0103] The above conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and any electronically conductive material that does not cause chemical changes can be used in the battery being constructed. Examples of conductive materials include carbon-based materials such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, carbon fiber, carbon nanofiber, carbon nanotube; metal-based materials in the form of metal powder or metal fibers containing copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, etc.; conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives; or mixtures thereof.

[0104] Al may be used as the current collector mentioned above, but is not limited thereto.

[0105] cathode active material

[0106] The negative electrode active material includes a material capable of reversibly intercalating / deintercalating lithium ions, lithium metal, an alloy of lithium metal, a material capable of doping and dedoping lithium, or a transition metal oxide.

[0107] A material capable of reversibly intercalating / deintercalating the above lithium ions may be a carbon-based negative electrode active material, such as crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, or a combination thereof. Examples of the crystalline carbon include graphite such as amorphous, plate-like, flake-like, spherical, or fibrous natural graphite or artificial graphite, and examples of the amorphous carbon include soft carbon or hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, etc.

[0108] As the above lithium metal alloy, an alloy of lithium and a metal selected from Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Sb, Pb, In, Zn, Ba, Ra, Ge, Al, and Sn may be used.

[0109] As a material capable of doping and undoping the above lithium, a Si-based negative electrode active material or a Sn-based negative electrode active material may be used. The above Si-based negative electrode active material is silicon, a silicon-carbon composite, or SiO₂. x (0 < x < 2), Si-Q alloy (wherein Q is selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, group 13 elements, group 14 elements (excluding Si), group 15 elements, group 16 elements, transition metals, rare earth elements, and combinations thereof), or a combination thereof. The Sn-based negative electrode active material may be Sn, SnO2, Sn-based alloy, or a combination thereof.

[0110] The silicon-carbon composite may be a composite of silicon and amorphous carbon. According to one embodiment, the silicon-carbon composite may be in the form of silicon particles and amorphous carbon coated on the surface of the silicon particles. For example, it may include a secondary particle (core) assembled from silicon primary particles and an amorphous carbon coating layer (shell) located on the surface of the secondary particle. The amorphous carbon may also be located between the silicon primary particles, so that, for example, the silicon primary particles may be coated with amorphous carbon. The secondary particles may be dispersed in an amorphous carbon matrix.

[0111] The silicon-carbon composite may further include crystalline carbon. For example, the silicon-carbon composite may include a core comprising crystalline carbon and silicon particles and an amorphous carbon coating layer located on the surface of the core.

[0112] The above Si-based or Sn-based negative electrode active material can be used in combination with a carbon-based negative electrode active material.

[0113] cathode

[0114] The negative electrode for the secondary battery (100) includes a current collector and a negative electrode active material layer located on the current collector. The negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material and may further include a binder and / or a conductive material.

[0115] For example, the negative electrode active material layer may comprise 90% to 99% by weight of negative electrode active material, 0.5% to 5% by weight of binder, and 0% to 5% by weight of conductive material.

[0116] The above binder serves to effectively bond the negative electrode active material particles to each other and also to effectively bond the negative electrode active material to the current collector. As the binder, a non-aqueous binder, an aqueous binder, a dry binder, or a combination thereof may be used.

[0117] Examples of the above-mentioned non-aqueous binders include polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene propylene copolymer, polystyrene, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide imide, polyimide, or combinations thereof.

[0118] The above-mentioned water-based binder may be selected from styrene-butadiene rubber, (meth)acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, (meth)acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, (meth)acrylic rubber, butyl rubber, fluororubber, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyepichlorohydrin, polyphosphazene, poly(meth)acrylonitrile, ethylenepropylenediene copolymer, polyvinylpyridine, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, latex, polyester resin, (meth)acrylic resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.

[0119] When a water-based binder is used as the above-mentioned cathode binder, a cellulose-based compound capable of imparting viscosity may be further included. As this cellulose-based compound, one or more types such as carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, or alkali metal salts thereof may be mixed and used. Na, K, or Li may be used as the alkali metal.

[0120] The above dry binder is a polymer material capable of fiberization, and may be, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyethylene oxide, or a combination thereof.

[0121] The above conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and any electronically conductive material that does not cause chemical changes can be used in the battery being constructed. Specific examples include carbon-based materials such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjenblack, carbon fiber, carbon nanofiber, carbon nanotube; metal-based materials in the form of metal powder or metal fibers including copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, etc.; conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives; or mixtures thereof.

[0122] As the above-mentioned cathode current collector, a material selected from copper foil, nickel foil, stainless steel foil, titanium foil, nickel foam, copper foam, a polymer substrate coated with a conductive metal, and combinations thereof may be used.

[0123] Separator

[0124] Depending on the type of secondary battery (100), a separator may be present between the first electrode and the second electrode. As such a separator, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or a multilayer film of two or more layers thereof may be used, and of course, a mixed multilayer film such as a polyethylene / polypropylene two-layer separator, a polyethylene / polypropylene / polyethylene three-layer separator, or a polypropylene / polyethylene / polypropylene three-layer separator may be used.

[0125] The above separation membrane may include a porous substrate and a coating layer comprising an organic material, an inorganic material, or a combination thereof located on one or both sides of the porous substrate.

[0126] The porous substrate may be a polymer membrane formed from any one of the following: polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate; polyacetal; polyamide; polyimide; polycarbonate; polyetherketone; polyaryletherketone; polyetherimide; polyamideimide; polybenzimidazole; polyethersulfone; polyphenylene oxide; cyclic olefin copolymer; polyphenylene sulfide; polyethylene naphthalate; glass fiber; Teflon; and polytetrafluoroethylene, or a copolymer or mixture of two or more of these.

[0127] The above organic material may include a polyvinylidene fluoride-based polymer or a (meth)acrylic-based polymer.

[0128] The above inorganic material may include inorganic particles selected from Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, SnO2, CeO2, MgO, NiO, CaO, GaO, ZnO, ZrO2, Y2O3, SrTiO3, BaTiO3, Mg(OH)2, boehmite, and combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0129] The above organic and inorganic materials may exist mixed in a single coating layer, or may exist in a stacked form with a coating layer containing organic materials and a coating layer containing inorganic materials.

[0130] electrolyte

[0131] The electrolyte for the secondary battery (100) includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt.

[0132] The above-mentioned non-aqueous organic solvent serves as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.

[0133] The above-mentioned non-aqueous organic solvent may be a carbonate-based, ester-based, ether-based, ketone-based, or alcohol-based solvent, an aprotic solvent, or a combination thereof.

[0134] The above carbonate-based solvents may include dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), methylpropyl carbonate (MPC), ethylpropyl carbonate (EPC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), etc.

[0135] Ester-based solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, dimethyl acetate, methylpropionate, ethylpropionate, decanolide, mevalonolactone, valerolactone, and caprolactone may be used.

[0136] As ether-based solvents, dibutyl ether, tetraglame, diglame, dimethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, etc. may be used. Additionally, as ketone-based solvents, cyclohexanone, etc. may be used. As alcohol-based solvents, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, etc. may be used, and as aprotic solvents, nitriles such as R-CN (where R is a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and may include a double bond, an aromatic ring, or an ether group); amides such as dimethylformamide; dioxolanes such as 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxolane; sulfolanes, etc. may be used.

[0137] The above-mentioned non-aqueous organic solvent can be used alone or in a mixture of two or more types.

[0138] In addition, when using a carbonate-based solvent, a mixture of cyclic carbonates and chain carbonates can be used, and the cyclic carbonates and chain carbonates can be mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to 1:9.

[0139] The above lithium salt is a substance that dissolves in an organic solvent and acts as a source of lithium ions within the battery, enabling the basic operation of the lithium battery and facilitating the movement of lithium ions between the anode and cathode. Representative examples of lithium salts include LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiClO4, LiAlO2, LiAlCl4, LiPO2F2, LiCl, LiI, LiN(SO3C2F5)2, Li(FSO2)2N (lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), LiC4F9SO3, LiN(C x F 2x+1 SO2)(C y F2 y+1 It may include one or more selected from SO2)(x and y are integers from 1 to 20), lithium trifluoromethane sulfonate, lithium tetrafluoroethane sulfonate, lithium difluorobis(oxalate)phosphate (LiDFOB), and lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB).

[0140] A cap plate (130) according to one embodiment of the present invention is coupled to a case (110) and can seal the case (110).

[0141]

[0142] The cap plate (130) may be formed to have the shape of a flat plate. The cap plate (130) may be placed in the opening (115) of the case (110). The cap plate (130) may be placed facing the electrode assembly (120) along a third direction. The cap plate (130) may be placed parallel to the bottom portion (111) of the case (110).

[0143] The cap plate (130) can be seated on the upper part of the case (110), more specifically, on the upper part of the end part (112), the first side part (113), and the second side part (114). The cap plate (130) can be joined to the upper part of the end part (112), the first side part (113), and the second side part (114) by various joining methods such as welding, bolting, and snap joining.

[0144] The cap plate (130) may include a cell vent (131).

[0145] The cell vent (131) can be opened and closed in conjunction with changes in the internal pressure of the case (110). That is, the cell vent (131) can close the case (110) during normal operation of the secondary battery (100) to prevent the electrolyte inside the case (110) from leaking out of the case (110) or the moisture, foreign substances, etc. from entering the case (110). The cell vent (131) can open the case (110) during thermal runaway of the secondary battery (100) to induce flames, gas, smoke, etc. formed inside the case (110) to be discharged to the outside of the case (110).

[0146] The cell vent (131) may be formed to have a shape approximately like a plate. The cell vent (131) may be fixed to the cap plate (130) by various types of joining methods, such as welding, bolting, or snap-fitting. The thickness of the cell vent (131) may be smaller than the thickness of the cap plate (130). Accordingly, the cell vent (131) may easily rupture or break when the internal pressure of the case (110) increases. The cell vent (131) may include a notch formed concavely on the inner side of the cell vent (131) so that it breaks preferentially when the internal pressure of the case (110) increases.

[0147] Meanwhile, as illustrated, the opening (115) may be located on the upper side of the secondary battery (100). The cap plate (130) may be coupled to the opening (115) located on the upper side of the secondary battery (100). The cell vent (131) may be fixed to the cap plate (130). Accordingly, the cell vent (131) may be located on the upper side of the secondary battery (100).

[0148] However, unlike what is described, the opening (115) may be located on the lower side of the secondary battery (100). In this case, the opening (115) may be located at the position of the bottom part (111), and the secondary battery (100) may include an upper part (not shown) located at the position of the opening (115) instead of the bottom part (111). A cap plate (130) may be coupled to the opening located on the lower side of the secondary battery (100). A cell vent (131) may be fixed to the cap plate (130). Accordingly, the cell vent (131) may be located on the lower side of the secondary battery (100).

[0149] Alternatively, unlike what is described, even if the opening (115) is located on the upper side of the secondary battery (100), the cell vent (131) may be formed by being coupled to the bottom part (111). Accordingly, the cell vent (131) may be located on the lower side of the secondary battery (100).

[0150] In this way, the cell vent (131) can be located anywhere on one side of the secondary battery (100). Below, the case where the cell vent (131) is located on the upper side of the secondary battery (100) will be described as an example.

[0151] The first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) are connected to the electrode assembly (120) and may protrude to the outside of the case (20). The first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) may function as a configuration that provides electrical connection of the secondary battery (100) to an external electronic device, etc.

[0152] The first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) can penetrate the cap plate (130). The upper portions of the first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) can protrude to the outside of the cap plate (130).

[0153] The first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) may be formed of an electrically conductive material such as copper, nickel, aluminum, etc. The first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) may each be individually connected to the first electrode and the second electrode of the electrode assembly (120). The first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) may each be directly connected to the first electrode and the second electrode of the electrode assembly (120), and it is also possible to connect them to the first electrode and the second electrode of the electrode assembly (120) through a separate current collector. For example, the first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) may each function as the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the secondary battery (100).

[0154] The specific shape of the first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 3, and can be designed in various ways.

[0155] The first terminal (141) and the second terminal (142) can be electrically insulated from the cap plate (130) by an insulating gasket or insulator.

[0156] Meanwhile, the secondary battery (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may not be limited to the shape shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. For example, the secondary battery (100) may be formed in a cylindrical shape. In this case, the case (110) may be formed in a cylindrical shape. In addition, the function of the first terminal (141) may be performed by a rivet terminal, a cap plate, a cap assembly, etc. In addition, the function of the second terminal (142) may be performed by a case, a cap plate, etc. In addition, the function of the cell vent (131) may be performed by a vent plate, a cap plate, etc.

[0157] Below, a case in which the secondary battery (100) is formed in a rectangular shape as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 can be described as an example.

[0158] FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a pack vent according to one embodiment of the present invention is installed on a secondary battery. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A' of FIG. 1.

[0159] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the battery pack (1000) described in FIGS. 1 to 3) comprises a plurality of secondary batteries (100), a housing (1100) that accommodates the plurality of secondary batteries (100), a pack vent (200), and one or more temperature sensors (300).

[0160] The secondary battery (100) includes a cell vent (131). The cell vent (131) is formed on one side of the secondary battery (100). The cell vent (131) ruptures at a pressure above a predetermined level to release gas. For example, if thermal runaway occurs inside the case (110), the cell vent (131) may rupture and provide a path for heat, gas, and / or debris to be released from inside the case (110) to the outside.

[0161] The pack vent (200) is located on one side of a plurality of secondary batteries (100). The pack vent (200) is located while covering the cell vent (131). The pack vent (200) may be located on the side of the secondary battery (100) where the cell vent (131) is located.

[0162] For example, the cell vent (131) may be located on the upper side of the secondary battery (100). In this case, the pack vent (200) may be located on the upper side of the multiple secondary batteries (100) while covering the cell vent (131).

[0163] Alternatively, for example, the cell vent (131) may be located on the lower side of the secondary battery (100). In this case, the pack vent (200) may be located on the lower side of the plurality of secondary batteries (100) while covering the cell vent (131).

[0164] The pack vent (200) is formed by extending in one direction. For example, the pack vent (200) may be formed by extending in the direction in which the secondary battery (100) is arranged, and the secondary battery (100) may be arranged along a second direction. However, the direction in which the secondary battery (100) is arranged is not limited thereto. Additionally, the pack vent (200) may be formed by extending in a direction different from the direction in which the secondary battery (100) is arranged. The pack vent (200) may be formed in any structure capable of covering the cell vents (131) of two or more secondary batteries (100).

[0165] The pack vent (200) may be formed in a shape through which heat, gas, and / or debris can move. Alternatively, the pack vent (200) may be formed in a shape through which heat, gas, and / or debris can move along the pack vent (200).

[0166] The pack vent (200) may be formed in the shape of a hollow pipe. The cross-sectional shape of the pack vent (200) may be formed in a hollow rectangular shape. However, the shape of the pack vent (200) is not limited to this and may be formed in any shape that is hollow. In this case, the pack vent (200) may further include a hole (not shown) formed in the area in contact with the cell vent (131). The pack vent (200) may include as many holes as the number of cell vents (131) facing the pack vent (200). For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the pack vent (200) may be located on five secondary batteries (100) and may face the cell vent (131) of each of the five secondary batteries (100). In this case, the pack vent (200) may include five holes. However, the number of holes included in the pack vent (200) is not limited to this. Meanwhile, it is obvious that the number of secondary batteries (100) that the pack vent (200) can cover is not limited to 5. Through the holes, the interior of the pack vent (200) may face the cell vent (131). The pack vent (200) may allow heat, gas and / or debris to flow in from the secondary battery (100) through the holes.

[0167] Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the pack vent (200) may be formed in a tubular shape with one side (one side) open. The cross-sectional shape of the pack vent (200) may be formed in a U-shape. However, the cross-sectional shape of the pack vent (200) is not limited thereto, and the cross-sectional shape of the pack vent (200) may be formed in any shape as long as it is a cover shape with one side open. In this case, the open side (one side) is a side (side) that faces and / or contacts the cell vent (131). The pack vent (200) may allow heat, gas, and / or debris to flow in from the secondary battery (100) through the open side (one side).

[0168] In this way, the pack vent (200) can allow heat, gas, and / or debris ejected from the secondary battery (100) as the cell vent (131) breaks to flow into the pack vent (200). The pack vent (200) guides the heat, gas, and / or debris to the outside of the housing (1100) so that the incoming heat, gas, and / or debris can be released to the outside of the housing (1100).

[0169] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, thermal runaway may occur in at least one of a plurality of secondary batteries (100). Hereinafter, the secondary battery (100) in which thermal runaway has occurred is referred to as the trigger battery (101). In FIG. 5, Q0 represents the heat generated from the trigger battery (101) by thermal runaway. At this time, the heat (Q0) may encompass all heat, gas, debris, etc. generated by thermal runaway.

[0170] When heat (Q0) is generated in the trigger battery (101), the heat can be transferred to secondary batteries adjacent to the trigger battery (101). In FIG. 5, 102 and 103 represent adjacent batteries, which are secondary batteries adjacent to the trigger battery (101). The adjacent batteries (102, 103) may include one or more secondary batteries (100) located closest among the secondary batteries located adjacent to the trigger battery (101). Additionally, in FIG. 5, Q1 represents the heat transferred from the trigger battery (101) to the adjacent batteries (102, 103).

[0171] When heat is generated in the trigger battery (101), the trigger battery (101) can release the heat to the outside through the cell vent (131). In FIG. 5, Q2 represents the heat released from the trigger battery (101). For example, the heat (Q0) can be released through the pack vent (200).

[0172] When adjacent batteries (102, 103) receive heat (Q1) from the trigger battery (101), they can release this heat (Q1) to the outside. Adjacent batteries (102, 103) can release the heat (Q1) to the outside through the cell vent (131) of the adjacent batteries (102, 103). In FIG. 5, Q3 represents the heat released to the outside from the adjacent batteries (102, 103). For example, the heat (Q3) can be released through the pack vent (200).

[0173] Meanwhile, although not shown in the city, heat can be emitted toward the pack vent (200) from secondary batteries that are adjacent to the adjacent batteries (102, 103) and are not the trigger battery (101).

[0174] The pack vent (200) can guide the heat (Q2, Q3) so that the heat (Q2, Q3) introduced into the pack vent (200) can be released to the outside of the housing (1100). In FIG. 5, Q represents heat released to one side of the housing (1100) along the pack vent (200). In FIG. 5, Q' represents heat released to the other side of the housing (1100) along the pack vent (200). At this time, the direction from one side to the other side may be the direction in which the pack vent (200) is extended. The direction in which the pack vent (200) is extended may be the direction in which the secondary battery (100) is arranged, for example, the Y-axis direction. However, the direction in which the pack vent (200) is extended is not limited to this.

[0175] Heat (Q2, Q3) introduced from the secondary battery (100) into the pack vent (200) can be released to the outside of the housing (1100) along the pack vent (200).

[0176] Through such a structure, the battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention can smoothly discharge gas ejected from the secondary battery (100) to the outside even if thermal runaway occurs in the secondary battery (100).

[0177] A temperature sensor (300) is provided inside the pack vent (200).

[0178] The temperature sensor (300) may be provided in a passage through which heat (Q2, Q3) introduced into the pack vent (200) passes. The temperature sensor (300) may be fixed to the inner surface of the pack vent (200). Alternatively, the temperature sensor (300) may be fixed to a concave surface of the pack vent (200).

[0179] The temperature sensor (300) may be located in a passage through which all heat (Q2, Q3) emitted from the secondary batteries (100) covered by the pack vent (200) can pass. For example, the temperature sensor (300) may be located adjacent to the outlets (201, 202) of the pack vent. At this time, the outlets (201, 202) of the pack vent may be located at the boundary between the outside and the inside of the housing (1100). In FIG. 5, for convenience of explanation, the location of the outlets (201, 202) is depicted differently from FIG. 1, but the outlets (201, 202) may be located at any boundary between the outside and the inside of the housing (1100) formed by the pack vent (200). Thus, the temperature sensor (300) is located in the pack vent (200)

[0180] The temperature sensor (300) measures the internal temperature of the pack vent (200). The temperature sensor (300) can detect heat (Q2, Q3) guided along the pack vent (200). The temperature sensor (300) can measure the internal temperature of the pack vent (200) raised by the heat (Q2, Q3).

[0181] Although not illustrated, the battery pack (1000) may further include a Battery Management System (BMS). The BMS can manage and / or control all or some of the components included in the battery pack (1000). For example, the BMS may determine that thermal runaway has occurred in at least one of the multiple secondary batteries (100) if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor (300) is above a predetermined temperature. At this time, the predetermined temperature may be the ignition temperature of the secondary battery (100).

[0182] Through such a structure, the battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention can quickly detect thermal runaway even when thermal runaway occurs internally.

[0183] FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pack vent according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0184] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the battery pack (1000) described in FIGS. 1 to 5) comprises a plurality of secondary batteries (100), a housing (1100) that accommodates the plurality of secondary batteries (100), a pack vent (200), and one or more temperature sensors (300).

[0185] The battery pack (1000) may include one or more temperature sensors (300).

[0186] The temperature sensor (300) may be located at least one of the outlets (201, 202) of the pack vent (200). For example, the temperature sensor (300) may be located at the outlet (201) on one side of the pack vent (200). Or, for example, the temperature sensor (300) may be located at the outlet (202) on the other side of the pack vent (200). Or, for example, the temperature sensor (300) may be located at each of the outlets (201, 202) on both sides of the pack vent (200).

[0187] When thermal runaway occurs in the secondary battery (100), gas may be discharged first toward the outlet (201, 202) on both sides of the pack vent (200) that is closer. At this time, the temperature sensor (300) is positioned at both outlets (201, 202) on both sides of the pack vent (200) so that the thermal runaway of the secondary battery (100) can be detected quickly.

[0188] The temperature sensor (300) may be provided as a pair. For example, the temperature sensor (300) may include a pair of first temperature sensors (311) and second temperature sensors (312) located adjacent to each other.

[0189] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 6, if the cross-sectional shape of the pack vent (200) is rectangular, the first temperature sensor (311) and the second temperature sensor (312) may be positioned facing each other. However, unlike as illustrated in FIG. 6, the first temperature sensor (311) and the second temperature sensor (312) may be positioned on adjacent surfaces. Furthermore, if the cross-sectional shape of the pack vent (200) includes a curved shape, the first temperature sensor (311) and the second temperature sensor (312) may be positioned side by side or in contact with each other.

[0190] In this way, the temperature sensors (300) are provided in pairs, so that even if the pair of temperature sensors (300) malfunction or do not operate at all, accurate results can be obtained.

[0191] Meanwhile, the temperature sensor (300) may be provided not only as a pair including two temperature sensors, but also as a set including three or more temperature sensors.

[0192] Additionally, for example, a pair of temperature sensors (300) may be placed at each of the outlets (201, 202) on one side and the other side. Alternatively, for example, a pair of temperature sensors (300) may be placed at the outlet (201) on one side, and a set or one temperature sensor may be placed at the outlet (202) on the other side.

[0193] The temperature sensor (300) may include any type of sensor capable of measuring temperature and / or detecting heat. For example, the temperature sensor (300) may include thermocouples, RTDs, thermistors, temperature labels, infrared temperature sensors, etc.

[0194] Alternatively, for example, the temperature sensor (300) may measure the temperature using a fuse. For example, the fuse may be designed so that the electrical connection is broken above a predetermined temperature. When the electrical connection of the fuse is broken, the temperature sensor (300) can detect that the temperature is above the predetermined temperature. At this time, for example, the predetermined temperature may be 100°C or higher. However, the predetermined temperature is not limited to this, and depending on the specifications of the secondary battery (100), a temperature below the maximum temperature reached when thermal runaway occurs may be set as the predetermined temperature.

[0195] Through this, the battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention can detect whether thermal runaway has occurred with high accuracy.

[0196] FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0197] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the battery pack (1000) described in FIGS. 1 to 6) comprises a plurality of secondary batteries (100), a housing (1100) that accommodates the plurality of secondary batteries (100), a pack vent (200), and one or more temperature sensors (300).

[0198] Multiple secondary batteries (100) may be arranged side by side to form multiple battery arrays (1200). For example, the battery array (1200) may include multiple secondary batteries (100) arranged along a first direction. However, this is merely an example, and the arrangement direction of the multiple secondary batteries (100) included in the battery array (1200) is not limited thereto. For example, the multiple secondary batteries (100) included in the battery array (1200) may be arranged along a second direction. Alternatively, for example, the multiple secondary batteries (100) included in the battery array (1200) may be arranged in a zigzag pattern or arranged in other directions.

[0199] FIG. 7 illustrates an example in which a single battery array (1200) includes five secondary batteries (100), but this is merely an example. The number of secondary batteries (100) included in the battery array (1200) according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0200] Each battery array (1200) may be connected by a single pack vent (200) that extends in one direction. In this case, the single pack vent (200) is indicated to extend in one direction and have at least one outlet. The single pack vent (200) may provide a single passage through which heat, gas and / or debris can travel for a plurality of secondary batteries (100) included in the battery array (1200).

[0201] That is, the pack vent (200) may be located on a single battery array (1200). For example, the battery pack (1000) described in FIG. 1 may be said to include a single battery array (1200). That is, the battery pack (1000) may include one or a plurality of battery arrays (1200). FIG. 7 illustrates an example in which the battery pack (1000) includes eight battery arrays (1200), but this is merely an example.

[0202] When the battery pack (1000) includes a plurality of battery arrays (1200), the plurality of battery arrays (1200) may be arranged along a first direction. Alternatively, the plurality of battery arrays (1200) may be arranged along a second direction. Alternatively, the plurality of battery arrays (1200) may be arranged along both the first direction and the second direction. The arrangement of the plurality of battery arrays (1200) may vary depending on the shape of the housing (1100).

[0203] For example, the battery array (1200) may include a first battery array (1210) and a second battery array (1220) arranged along a first direction relative to each other. For example, the battery array (1200) may include a third battery array (1230) and a fourth battery array (1240) arranged along a first direction relative to each other.

[0204] For example, the battery array (1200) may include a first battery array (1210) and a third battery array (1230) arranged along a second direction relative to each other. For example, the battery array (1200) may include a second battery array (1220) and a fourth battery array (1240) arranged along a second direction relative to each other.

[0205] For example, the battery array (1200) may include a first battery array (1210) and a second battery array (1220) arranged along a first direction relative to each other, and may include a third battery array (1230) and a fourth battery array (1240) arranged along a first direction relative to each other. In this case, the first battery array (1210) and the third battery array (1230) may be arranged along a second direction, and the second battery array (1220) and the fourth battery array (1240) may be arranged along a second direction.

[0206] Multiple battery arrays (1200) may be spaced apart from each other. Alternatively, multiple battery arrays (1200) may be placed in contact with each other. Below, an example in which multiple battery arrays (1200) are spaced apart from each other is described. Through this, the battery pack (1000) can efficiently prevent heat propagation between the battery arrays (1200).

[0207] The housing (1100) may include a partition (1130). The partition (1130) may partition between a plurality of battery arrays (1200). The partition (1130) may fix the position of the battery array (1200). The partition (1130) may prevent heat propagation between the plurality of battery arrays (1200) and / or reduce the speed of heat propagation.

[0208] The partition (1130) may be formed of the same material as the housing (1100). For example, the partition (1130) may include metal. For example, the partition (1130) may include iron (Fe), SPCE, aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), or an alloy thereof.

[0209] Alternatively, the bulkhead (1130) may include an insulating material. The insulating material may include a first insulating material and / or a second insulating material.

[0210] For example, the partition wall (1130) may include only a first layer (not shown) containing a first insulating material. Or, for example, the partition wall (1130) may include only a second layer (not shown) containing a second insulating material. Or, for example, the partition wall (1130) may be formed by stacking the first layer and the second layer. Or, for example, the partition wall (1130) may be formed by one or more layers formed by mixing the first insulating material and the second insulating material.

[0211] For example, the first insulating material may comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of mica, sericite, talc, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, silicon, maifan stone, kaolin, polyimide, and polyethylene terephthalate, or a mixture of at least two or more.

[0212] For example, the second insulating material may comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of aerogel, wet silica, dry silica, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, and polyester, or a mixture of at least two or more.

[0213] The partition (1130) can insulate the space between the battery arrays (1200). The partition (1130) can prevent heat from propagating between the battery arrays (1200). Through this, the safety of the battery pack (1000) can be improved.

[0214] FIG. 8 is a top view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a top view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0215] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the battery pack (1000) described in FIGS. 1 to 7) comprises a plurality of secondary batteries (100), a housing (1100) that accommodates the plurality of secondary batteries (100), a pack vent (200), and one or more temperature sensors (300).

[0216] The pack vent (200) can function as a passageway for heat, gas, and / or debris to travel so that heat, gas, and / or debris generated within the housing (1100) is released outside the housing (1100).

[0217] For example, as described in FIG. 1, if the battery pack (1000) includes a single battery array (1200), the pack vent (200) can be formed as a single unit.

[0218] Alternatively, for example, if the battery pack (1000) includes a plurality of battery arrays (1200), the pack vents (200) may be formed in a plurality. For example, the pack vents (200) may include a main pack vent (210) and a sub pack vent (220).

[0219] A subpack vent (220) may be placed on a single battery array (1200). The subpack vent (220) may be located on one side of a plurality of secondary batteries (100) included in the single battery array (1200). The subpack vent (220) may be located covering a cell vent (131) included in each of the plurality of secondary batteries (100). The subpack vent (220) may guide heat, gas, and / or debris ejected from the secondary batteries (100) through the cell vent (131).

[0220] For example, the subpack vent (220) may include a first subpack vent (221) located on one side of the first battery array (1210). For example, the subpack vent (220) may include a second subpack vent (222) located on one side of the second battery array (1220). For example, the subpack vent (220) may include a third subpack vent (223) located on one side of the third battery array (1230). For example, the subpack vent (220) may include a fourth subpack vent (224) located on one side of the fourth battery array (1240).

[0221] The main pack vent (210) can be connected to the sub pack vent (220). The main pack vent (210) can be connected to a plurality of sub pack vents (220). The plurality of sub pack vents (220) can guide heat, gas, and / or debris ejected from the secondary battery (100) to the main pack vent (210). The main pack vent (210) can discharge heat, gas, and / or debris introduced from the plurality of sub pack vents (220) to the outside of the housing (1100).

[0222] For example, the main pack vent (210) can be connected to each of the first sub pack vent (221), the second sub pack vent (222), the third sub pack vent (223), and the fourth sub pack vent (224).

[0223] The main pack vent (210) may include one or a pair of outlets (201, 202). Heat, gas, and / or debris introduced into the main pack vent (210) may be discharged to the outside of the housing (1100) through the outlets (201, 202).

[0224] The temperature sensor (300) may be located adjacent to the outlet (201, 202) of the main pack vent (210) or the outlet (201, 202). For example, the temperature sensor (300) may include one or more first temperature sensors (310) positioned adjacent to one side outlet (201). And / or, for example, the temperature sensor (300) may include one or more second temperature sensors (320) positioned adjacent to the other side outlet (202).

[0225] Through such an arrangement, a battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention can efficiently detect thermal runaway even when it includes a plurality of battery arrays (1200).

[0226] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 9, thermal runaway may occur from the trigger battery (101). The trigger battery (101) may propagate heat to adjacent batteries (102, 103) placed adjacent to the trigger battery (101). Additionally, the adjacent batteries (102, 103) may propagate heat to secondary batteries placed adjacent to the adjacent batteries (102, 103). The trigger battery (101), adjacent batteries (102, 103), and / or secondary batteries to which heat has propagated may eject heat, gas, and / or debris through the cell vent (131). Such heat, gas, and / or debris may be introduced into the subpack vent (220).

[0227] For example, the subpack vent (220) can guide heat, gas and / or debris toward the main pack vent (210). In FIG. 9, P1 indicates the direction in which heat, gas and / or debris travel along the subpack vent (220) toward the main pack vent (210).

[0228] For example, the main pack vent (210) can move heat, gas, and / or debris introduced from the sub pack vent (220) to the outside of the housing (1100). In FIG. 9, P2 and P3 indicate the direction in which heat, gas, and / or debris move to the outside of the housing (1100) along the main pack vent (210).

[0229] For example, the temperature sensor (300) can measure the temperature of heat, gas and / or debris emitted to the outside of the housing (1100) along the main pack vent (210).

[0230] Through this, the temperature sensor (300) can quickly and easily detect thermal runaway occurring within the battery pack (1000).

[0231] FIG. 10 is a top view schematically showing a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0232] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the battery pack (1000) described in FIGS. 1 to 9) comprises a plurality of secondary batteries (100), a housing (1100) that accommodates the plurality of secondary batteries (100), a pack vent (200), and one or more temperature sensors (300).

[0233] The battery pack (1000) may include a sub-sensor (400). The sub-sensor (400) can detect which of the plurality of battery arrays (1200) the battery array (1200) contains the secondary battery (100) in which thermal runaway has occurred.

[0234] The sub-sensor (400) may be located at the connection point where the sub-pack vent (220) and the main pack vent (210) are connected. The sub-sensor (400) may measure the temperature of the connection point. The sub-sensor (400) may include thermocouples, RTDs, thermistors, temperature labels, infrared temperature sensors, etc. Alternatively, the sub-sensor (400) may measure the temperature of the connection point using a fuse.

[0235] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 10, a first sub-pack vent (221) may be located on one side of the first battery array (1210). Additionally, a second sub-pack vent (222) may be located on one side of the second battery array (1220). The sub-sensor (400) may include a first sub-sensor (410) located at a connection point where the first sub-pack vent (221) and the main pack vent (210) are connected. Additionally, the sub-sensor (400) may include a second sub-sensor (420) located at a connection point where the second sub-pack vent (222) and the main pack vent (210) are connected.

[0236] For example, thermal runaway may occur in the trigger battery (101) included in the second battery array (1220). Heat, gas and / or debris may travel along the second sub-pack vent (222) to the main pack vent (210).

[0237] In this case, the first sub-sensor (410) may not detect a temperature change in the connection part. Additionally, the second sub-sensor (420) may detect a temperature change in the connection part.

[0238] Although not illustrated, the battery pack (1000) may further include a BMS. The BMS can determine that thermal runaway has occurred if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor (300) is above a predetermined temperature.

[0239] Additionally, the BMS can determine where thermal runaway has occurred through the measurement data of the sub-sensor (400). For example, if the first sub-sensor (410) does not detect a temperature change in the connection part, the BMS can determine that thermal runaway has not occurred in the first battery array (1210). For example, if the second sub-sensor (420) detects a temperature change in the connection part, the BMS can determine that thermal runaway has occurred in at least one secondary battery (100) included in the second battery array (1220).

[0240] Meanwhile, the sub-sensor (400) may detect not only the temperature change of the connection part but also the temperature of the connection part itself. In this case, if the temperature measured by the sub-sensor (400) is above a predetermined temperature, the BMS may determine that thermal runaway has occurred in the battery array (1200) corresponding to the sub-sensor (400).

[0241] Although not illustrated, the battery pack (1000) may further include a voltage sensor. The voltage sensor can measure the voltage of each of the multiple secondary batteries (100). The BMS can determine which secondary battery (100) has thermal runaway based on the measured voltage. For example, if there is a secondary battery (100) where the measured voltage is below a predetermined voltage, the BMS can determine that thermal runaway has occurred in the said secondary battery (100).

[0242] With this configuration, the battery pack (1000) can quickly detect the trigger battery (101) in which thermal runaway has occurred.

[0243] If the BMS determines that a thermal runaway has occurred, it may send an alarm to a pre-configured server via a communication unit (not shown). Alternatively, if the BMS determines that a thermal runaway has occurred, it may send an alarm via an output unit (not shown).

[0244] Through such a configuration, one embodiment of the present invention can provide a battery pack (1000) with improved stability.

[0245] FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing a housing according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0246] A battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention (e.g., including the battery pack (1000) described in FIGS. 1 to 6) comprises a plurality of secondary batteries (100), a housing (1100) that accommodates the plurality of secondary batteries (100), a pack vent (200), and one or more temperature sensors (300).

[0247] The battery pack (1000) may include components for suppressing thermal runaway if thermal runaway occurs internally.

[0248] For example, the battery pack (1000) may include a flow path (500). The flow path (500) may be formed to extend in a first direction and / or a second direction. The flow path (500) may be connected to a storage tank (not shown) in which a fire extinguishing agent is provided. The flow path (500) may receive a fire extinguishing agent from the fire extinguishing agent storage tank. The flow path (500) may spray a fire extinguishing agent into the internal space of the housing (1100).

[0249] The extinguishing agent may include a liquid type extinguishing agent. For example, the liquid type extinguishing agent may include at least one of sulfuric acid, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, aluminum sulfate, water, halon, halogen compounds, and combinations thereof. However, the extinguishing agent according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto and may include, for example, a solid type extinguishing agent, a gaseous type extinguishing agent, etc.

[0250] Euro (500) may include a heat-sensitive material that melts at a temperature above a predetermined temperature.

[0251] At this time, the predetermined temperature may be, for example, the ignition temperature of the secondary battery (100).

[0252] For example, the heat-sensitive material includes PA12 material. Or, for example, the heat-sensitive material may include HDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, ABS, AMSAN, etc. For example, the flow path (500) may be formed in the shape of a tube made of PA12 material.

[0253] The Euro (500) can release a fire extinguishing agent present within the Euro (500) as it melts above a predetermined temperature. Through this, the Euro (500) can quickly suppress a fire and / or slow down the ignition speed in the event of a thermal runaway occurring within the battery pack (1000).

[0254] Meanwhile, FIGS. 1 to 11 describe a battery pack (1000) in the form of a cell-to-pack (CTP). However, the battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied in the same or similar way to a pack form including a battery module.

[0255] For example, a battery pack (1000) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include: a plurality of battery modules; a housing (1100) accommodating the plurality of battery modules; a plurality of module vents located on the plurality of battery modules; a pack vent connected to the module vents and guiding gas ejected from the module vents to the outside of the housing; and at least one temperature sensor (300) provided inside the pack vents and measuring the temperature inside the pack vents.

[0256] For example, the pack vent may perform the same or similar function as the main pack vent (210), and the module vent may perform the same or similar function as the sub pack vent (220).

[0257] For example, a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of secondary batteries (100); and the secondary batteries (100) may include a cell vent (131) formed on one side and ruptured at a pressure greater than a predetermined pressure to discharge gas into the module vent.

[0258] For example, the temperature sensor (300) may be located adjacent to the outlet of the pack vent.

[0259] For example, the temperature sensor (300) may include a pair or a plurality of first temperature sensors (310) and second temperature sensors (320) located adjacent to each other.

[0260] For example, the battery pack (1000) may include a voltage sensor that measures the voltage of each of a plurality of battery modules; and a BMS that determines which battery module has thermal runaway based on the measured voltage.

[0261] Although the present invention has been described above by limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims described below by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0262] The present invention can be utilized in the manufacture of secondary batteries.

Claims

1. A plurality of secondary batteries including a cell vent formed on one side that ruptures at a pressure above a predetermined pressure to eject gas; A housing for accommodating the above plurality of secondary batteries; A pack vent located on one side of the plurality of secondary batteries while covering the cell vent, and guiding the ejected gas to the outside of the housing; and A battery pack comprising: at least one temperature sensor provided inside the pack vent and measuring the temperature inside the pack vent.

2. In Paragraph 1, The above temperature sensor is a battery pack located at the outlet of the above pack vent.

3. In Paragraph 1, The above plurality of secondary batteries are arranged side by side to form a plurality of battery arrays, and The above pack vent is, Each of the plurality of battery arrays is disposed on the plurality of subpack vents that guide the ejected gas; and A battery pack comprising: a main pack vent connected to the plurality of sub-pack vents and guiding the ejected gas to the outside of the housing.

4. In Paragraph 3, The battery pack comprises: a sub-sensor located at a connection portion where the sub-pack vent and the main pack vent are connected, and which measures the temperature of the connection portion.

5. In Paragraph 1, The above housing includes a partition wall that partitions the plurality of battery arrays; and The above partition is a battery pack comprising an insulating material.

6. In Paragraph 1, A battery pack comprising: a pair of first temperature sensors located adjacent to each other; and a second temperature sensor.

7. In Paragraph 1, The battery pack further comprises a BMS that determines that thermal runaway has occurred if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is above a predetermined temperature.

8. In Paragraph 7, The battery pack further includes a voltage sensor for measuring the voltage of each of the plurality of secondary batteries; The above BMS is a battery pack that determines a secondary battery in which thermal runaway has occurred based on the above measured voltage.

9. In Paragraph 7, A battery pack in which the above BMS sends an alarm to a pre-configured server when it determines that thermal runaway has occurred.

10. In Paragraph 1, The above temperature sensor is a battery pack including a fuse that breaks at a predetermined temperature or higher.

11. In Paragraph 10, A battery pack having a predetermined temperature of 100℃ or higher.

12. In Paragraph 1, The cell vent is located on the upper side of the secondary battery, and A battery pack, wherein the above pack vent covers the above cell vent and is located on the upper side of the plurality of secondary batteries.

13. In Paragraph 1, The cell vent is located on the lower side of the secondary battery, and A battery pack, wherein the above-mentioned pack vent covers the above-mentioned cell vent and is located on the lower side of the plurality of secondary batteries.

14. In Paragraph 1, The battery pack further comprises a flow path formed extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing and spraying a fire extinguishing agent into the internal space of the housing. The above fire extinguishing agent is a battery pack comprising a liquid or gaseous fire extinguishing agent.

15. In Paragraph 14, The above-mentioned Euro is a battery pack comprising a heat-sensitive material that melts at a temperature above a predetermined temperature.

16. Multiple battery modules; A housing that accommodates the above plurality of battery modules; A plurality of module vents located on the plurality of battery modules above; A pack vent connected to the module vent and guiding gas ejected from the module vent to the outside of the housing; and A battery pack comprising: at least one temperature sensor provided inside the pack vent and measuring the temperature inside the pack vent.

17. In Paragraph 16, The above battery module includes a plurality of secondary batteries; and The battery pack comprises: a cell vent formed on one side of the secondary battery, which breaks at a pressure above a predetermined pressure and discharges gas into the module vent.

18. In Paragraph 16, The above temperature sensor is a battery pack located adjacent to the outlet of the pack vent.

19. In Paragraph 16, A battery pack comprising: a pair of first temperature sensors located adjacent to each other; and a second temperature sensor.

20. In Paragraph 16, The above battery pack is, A voltage sensor for measuring the voltage of each of the plurality of battery modules; and A battery pack comprising: a BMS that determines a battery module in which thermal runaway has occurred based on the above-mentioned measured voltage.

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