Method and apparatus of supporting packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) concatenation
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/136041
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-24
Smart Images

Figure CN2025136041_24092026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS OF SUPPORTING PACKET DATA CONVERGENCE PROTOCOL (PDCP) CONCATENATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to techniques of supporting packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) concatenation.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like) ) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .SUMMARY
[0003] An article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ” Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0004] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may further include a UE for wireless communication, which may include: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive a PDCP related configuration from a network equipment (NE) , wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets; generate protocol data units (PDUs) based on the PDCP related configuration; and transmit generated PDUs to the NE.
[0005] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the first configuration is related to one or multiple PDCP concatenations, and for a PDCP concatenation of the one or multiple PDCP concatenations, the first configuration includes: importance related information indicating importance levels associated with packets determination for the PDCP concatenation; a concatenation timer associated with packets determination for the PDCP concatenation; a maximum packet number for the PDCP concatenation; a maximum data size for the PDCP concatenation; or a continuity related indication indicating whether a concatenation over non-continuous packets is allowed for the PDCP concatenation.
[0006] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes concatenating PDUs based on the first configuration, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: start the concatenation timer associated with a PDCP concatenation in response to receiving from an upper layer a first packet with an importance level associated with the PDCP concatenation; and determine to concatenate following packets into a PDU: all packets with corresponding importance levels associated with the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires; or packets with corresponding importance levels associated with the PDCP concatenation up to the maximum packet number for the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires; or packets with corresponding importance levels associated with the PDCP concatenation up to the maximum data size for the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires.
[0007] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the PDCP related configuration further includes a third configuration for non-importance based PDCP concatenation, and a concatenation option related indication indicating that the first configuration or the third configuration will be applied at the UE.
[0008] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the concatenation option related indication is a state indication indicating whether a state of the first configuration is activated or deactivated or whether a state of the third configuration is activated or deactivated.
[0009] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: receive an updated concatenation option related indication from the NE; and determine to apply the first configuration or the third configuration at the UE based on the updated concatenation option related indication.
[0010] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to assign a PDCP count value or serial number (SN) for a PDU generated based on the first configuration when receiving a first packet of the PDU from an upper layer, or when concatenating packets to the PDU.
[0011] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: start a PDCP discard timer for a PDU generated based on the first configuration when determining a first packet associated with the PDU, or when determining a last packet associated with the PDU; and discard all packets associated with the PDU when the PDCP discard timer for the PDU expires.
[0012] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: start a PDCP discard timer for a packet when receiving the packet from an upper layer; and discard all packets associated with a PDU generated based on the first configuration when a PDCP discard timer for any one of the packets associated with the PDU expires or all PDCP discard timers for the packets associated with the PDU expire.
[0013] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes generating multiple new PDUs from packets associated with an old PDU based on the second configuration, wherein at least one of the multiple new PDUs is generated by PDCP concatenation, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: include PDCP regeneration information in a PDCP header of each new PDU, wherein the PDCP regeneration information includes: a PDCP regeneration indication to indicate that the new PDU is a regenerated PDU; a number of the multiple new PDUs associated with the old PDU; a sub-sequence number of the new PDU; a start indication indicating that the new PDU is a first one of the multiple new PDU; or an end indication indicating that the new PDU is a last one of the multiple new PDU.
[0014] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: use a PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU as a PDCP count value or SN of the multiple new PDUs; and use a PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU plus a sub-sequence number as a PDCP count value or SN of a corresponding new PDU.
[0015] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: use a PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of all the new PDUs; or use a PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU plus a sub-sequence number as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of a corresponding new PDU.
[0016] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes generating a new PDU from packets associated with multiple old PDUs based on the second configuration, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: include PDCP regeneration information in a PDCP header of each new PDU, wherein the PDCP regeneration information includes: an PDCP regeneration indication to indicate that the new PDU is a regenerated PDU; or a number of the multiple old PDUs.
[0017] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: use a PDCP count value or SN of any one of the multiple old PDUs as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU; use a PDCP count value or SN of a first one of the multiple old PDUs as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU; use a PDCP count value or SN of a last one of the multiple old PDUs as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU; or include PDCP count values or SNs of the multiple old PDUs in a PDCP header of the new PDU.
[0018] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: use a PDCP count value or SN of an old PDU selected from the multiple old PDUs as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of the new PDU; use a PDCP count value or SN of a first one of the multiple old PDUs as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of the new PDU; or use a PDCP count value or SN of a last one of the multiple old PDUs as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of the new PDU.
[0019] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, for the old PDU selected from the multiple old PDUs, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: transmit a count value or SN indication indicating the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection in the case that more than one PDCP count value or SN is included in a PDCP header of the new PDU.
[0020] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes generating multiple new PDUs from packets associated with an old PDU based on the second configuration, each new PDU includes a separate packet, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to: use a PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU as a PDCP count value or SN of a first one of the multiple new PDUs, assign a latest unused PDCP count value or SN to a second one of the multiple new PDUs, and repeat assigning a next latest unused PDCP count value or SN to a next one of the multiple new PDUs until all the multiple new PDUs are assigned with PDCP count values or SNs.
[0021] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may further include a processor for wireless communication, which may include: at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive a PDCP related configuration from a NE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets; generate PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration; and transmit generated PDUs to the NE.
[0022] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may further include a NE for wireless communication, which may include: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to: transmit a PDCP related configuration to a UE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets; and receive, from the UE, PDUs generated based on the PDCP related configuration.
[0023] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the second configuration indicates the UE to generate multiple new PDUs from packets associated with an old PDU, at least one of the multiple new PDUs is generated by PDCP concatenation, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the NE to: perform deciphering and integrity for multiple received PDUs with PDCP regeneration information in PDCP headers using a same PDCP count value or SN; or perform deciphering and integrity for each of multiple received PDUs with PDCP regeneration information in PDCP headers using a same PDCP count value or SN plus a corresponding sub-sequence number.
[0024] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to further cause the NE to: for a received PDU with a count value, RCVD_COUNT, when a PDU with a count value equal to RCVD_COUNT has been received before, but the PDCP header of the PDU includes PDCP regeneration information, remain the PDU by an PDCP entity; and when RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to a count value of a next packet expected to be received, RX_NEXT, and all PDUs with a same RCVD_COUNT have been received, update RX_NEXT to (RCVD_COUNT + 1) by the PDCP entity; or when RCVD_COUNT is equal to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for, RX_DELIV, and all PDUs with a same RCVD_COUNT have been received, update RX_DELIV by the PDCP entity to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for larger than RX_DELIV.
[0025] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the second configuration indicates the UE to generate a new PDU by PDCP concatenation from packets associated with multiple old PDUs, a PDCP count value or SN of a first one of the multiple old PDUs is used as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the NE to: for a received PDU with a count value, RCVD_COUNT, wherein the PDCP header of the PDU includes PDCP regeneration information, when RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to a count value of a next packet expected to be received, RX_NEXT, update RX_NEXT by an PDCP entity to (RCVD_COUNT + N) , wherein N is a number of the multiple old PDUs; or when (RCVD_COUNT +N) is equal to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for, RX_DELIV, update RX_DELIV by the PDCP entity to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for larger than RX_DELIV.
[0026] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, the second configuration indicates the UE to generate a new PDU by PDCP concatenation from concatenated packets associated with multiple old PDUs to be retransmitted, a PDCP count value or SN of a last one of the multiple old PDUs is used as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the NE to: for a received PDU with a count value, RCVD_COUNT, wherein the PDCP header of the PDU includes PDCP regeneration information, when RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to a count value of a next packet expected to be received, RX_NEXT, update RX_NEXT by an PDCP entity to (RCVD_COUNT + 1) , wherein N is a number of the multiple old PDUs; or when (RCVD_COUNT +N) is equal to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for, RX_DELIV, update RX_DELIV to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for larger than RX_DELIV.
[0027] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may further include a method performed by a UE, which may include: receiving a PDCP related configuration from a NE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets; generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration; and transmitting generated PDUs to the NE.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0029] Figure 2 illustrates an example of packets arriving at the PDCP entity in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] Figure 3 illustrates an example of PDCP PDU regeneration in cases#1 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0031] Figure 4 illustrates an example of PDCP PDU regeneration in cases#2 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0032] Figure 5 illustrates an example of PDCP PDU regeneration in cases#3 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a processor in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0036] Figure 9 illustrates a flowchart of method performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0037] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of method performed by a NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] PDCP concatenation mechanism is a potential 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) 6G user plane enhancement, and is implemented by combining multiple packets, e.g., PDCP service data units (SDUs) into a single PDCP PDU. Compared with legacy PDU mechanisms, PDCP concatenation mechanism would significantly reduce the number of layer 2 (L2) headers, reduce the integrity protection processing time, and fully utilize the data processing capacity of 9000 byte hardware accelerators.
[0039] Various aspects of the present disclosure propose technical solutions of supporting PDCP concatenation mechanism, and at least solve issues related to how to concatenate packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs or how to generate PDUs by PDCP concatenations, how to support PDCP discard function for PDUs generated by PDCP concatenation and how to handle retransmission of PDUs generated by PDCP concatenation.
[0040] For example, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, a UE may receive PDCP related configuration or configuration information from the network side, which may be configured for one or multiple quality of service (QoS) flows or data radio bearers (DRBs) . Exemplary PDCP related configuration information may include a configuration for PDCP concatenation, e.g., a configuration for PDCP concatenation considering packet importance or priority (e.g., referred to as importance based PDCP concatenation or importance level based PDCP concatenation or the like) , a configuration for PDCP concatenation without considering packet importance or priority (e.g., referred to as non-importance based PDCP concatenation or normal PDCP concatenation or the like) , or a combination thereof. When the PDCP related configuration information includes both the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration and non-importance based PDCP concatenation configuration, the network side may indicate to the UE which one will be applied or activated and may dynamically update the PDCP concatenation configuration to be applied. The granularity of PDCP concatenation may be one or multiple QoS flows or DRBs, or finer, e.g., particular importance level’s packets within a QoS flow. When the granularity is related to QoS flows, e.g., one QoS flow, the upper layer of the PDCP, e.g., service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer or radio resource control (RRC) layer may provide the corresponding QoS flow identification (QFI) of the packets for the PDCP layer.
[0041] To support PDCP discard function for PDUs generated by PDCP concatenations, e.g., importance based or normal PDCP concatenation, the PDCP discard timer may be configured or managed based on PDU or packets of PDU (e.g., SDUs) . For a PDCP discard timer configured or managed based on PDU, when the PDCP discard timer expires, the PDCP entity will discard all packets associated with the PDU. For a PDCP discard timer is configured or managed based on packets, e.g., SDUs, when one or both of cases that the PDCP discard timer of any SDU of a PDU expires or the PDCP discard timers of all SDUs of the PDU expire occur, the PDCP entity will discard all packets associated with the PDU.
[0042] Considering PDCP data recovery, exemplary PDCP related configuration information may further include a configuration for retransmission of PDUs generated by PDCP concatenation (e.g., referred to as configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, or referred to configuration for PDCP re-concatenation) , e.g., according to the received importance based PDCP concatenation configuration or non-importance based PDCP concatenation configuration, or legacy PDU configuration etc. According to the configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, one new PDU may be generated (or regenerated or re-concatenated) by PDCP concatenation from packets associated with one old PDU (or original PDU or the like, which has not been successfully transmitted) , or multiple new PDUs may be generated (or regenerated or re-concatenated) by PDCP concatenation or legacy PDU mechanism or other PDU mechanism (s) from packets associated with one old PDU, or one new PDU may be generated (or regenerated or re-concatenated) by PDCP concatenation from packets associated with multiple old PDU. The PDCP concatenation method used to generate new PDU (s) may be the same as or different from that for old PDU (s) , which is also called as PDCP re-concatenation.
[0043] In some cases, part or all of the PDCP related configuration information, e.g., the method of generating new PDU (s) from packets to be retransmitted, may be predefined. In addition, persons skilled in the art would understand that the PDCP related configuration information can be consistently applied by PDCP layers or PDCP entities respectively at the network side and UE side. Although the following implements of the present disclosure are mainly illustrated from the perspective of the UE side, consistent operations (same or corresponding or the like) can be performed at the network side and may not detail for simplification and clarity.
[0044] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.
[0045] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NE 102, one or more UE 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0046] The one or more NE 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NE 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN) , a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0047] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN) . In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NE 102. In some embodiments, the NEs 102 may include one or more relay nodes, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes or wireless access backhaul (WAB) nodes which can provide wireless access services for UEs 104. A relay node (or an IAB node or a WAB node) can directly connect to a BS or hop through one or more relay nodes (or one or more IAB or WAB nodes) before reaching the BS.
[0048] The one or more UE 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.
[0049] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0050] An NE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g., S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106) . In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0051] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NE 102 associated with the CN 106.
[0052] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106) .
[0053] In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0054] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0055] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0056] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0057] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0058] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0059] For packets in a QoS flow or a DRB, different packets may have different importance (or importance levels or importance values or the like) or priorities (or priority levels or priority values or the like) .
[0060] For example, for extended reality (XR) service or the like, a PDU set concept was introduced, which defines that a PDU set is composed of one or more PDUs carrying the payload of one unit of information generated at the application level. Different types of PDU sets may carry different contents, such as intra-coded pictures (also referred to as "I-frame" ) , predictive coded pictures (also referred to as "P-frame" ) , B-predictive coded pictures (also referred to "B-frame" ) . Different types of PDU sets may have different importance levels or different priority levels. A PDU set may be characterized by a notion of “importance” indicating how important the PDU set (e.g., a video frame) is for an application. For example, an important PDU set may be an I-Frame, while a less important PDU set may be a P-Frame. The importance level of a PDU set may also be referred to as a PSI (or PSI level) , which identifies the relative importance of a PDU set compared to other PDU sets within a QoS flow or DRB.
[0061] For artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) traffic and token communication, a token generated and processed by AI / ML (or referred to as "AI" ) models may be regarded as a compact data carrying the context information. As the basic unit of AI information processing and generation, tokens, can be transformed from various modalities of data such as text, images, videos, etc. Similarly, differentiated importance or priorities are defined for tokens. For example, different tokens for different modality data or different tokens for the same modality data may differently contribute to the AI / ML model processing and quality of experience (QoE) of users.
[0062] Packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs, with different importance levels or priority levels may arrive at the PDCP entity simultaneously in some cases. To improve scheduling efficiency, some aspects of the present disclosure propose that packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs sharing the same or similar importance or priority level (s) are permitted to be concatenated into a single PDCP PDU, and such a PDCP concatenation mechanism may be referred to as importance based PDCP concatenation or the like.
[0063] The network side, e.g., a NE or RAN node or RAN entity may configure importance based PDCP concatenation, and transmit the configuration of importance based PDCP concatenation to the UE, e.g., by RRC or media access control (MAC) control element (CE) message (s) or signaling (s) . An exemplary importance based PDCP concatenation configuration may include but not limited to part or all of: importance related information indicating importance level (s) associated with packets determination for PDCP concatenation (s) , concatenation timer (s) associated with packets determination for the PDCP concatenation (s) , maximum packet number (s) for PDCP concatenation (s) , maximum data size (s) for PDCP concatenation (s) , continuity related indication (s) indicating whether a concatenation over non-continuous packets is allowed for the PDCP concatenation.
[0064] Regarding the importance related information, it may specify the importance level (s) of packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs that are allowed to be concatenated into a single PDCP PDU in various manners. For instance, the importance related information may specify that PDCP SDUs with one or multiple high importance levels are allowed to be concatenated into a PDCP PDU, while those with one or multiple low importance levels are allowed to be concatenated into a PDCP PDU. Taken XR services as an example, an exemplary importance related information may explicitly indicate that PDCP SDUs with PSI values of 0, 1, and 2 can be concatenated into a PDCP PDU, and explicitly or implicitly indicates that those with other PSI values, e.g., of 3-15 can be concatenated into a PDCP PDU. Taken AI token-based services as an example, the importance related information may specify that PDCP SDUs with higher token importance are allowed to be concatenated into a single PDCP PDU.
[0065] In some cases, the PDCP concatenation mechanism may only be applied based on part packet importance levels, e.g., only based on the importance levels of PDCP SDUs explicitly configured in the importance related information. For the PDCP SDUs with importance levels that are not indicated in the importance related information, the UE will not perform PDCP concatenation for them. Taken XR services as an example, if exemplary importance related information indicates that PDCP SDUs with PSI values of 0, 1, and 2 can be concatenated into a PDCP PDU, the UE will generate PDUs by PDCP concatenation only on the PDCP SDUs with the configured PSI values, and will generate PDUs for PDCP SDUs with PSI values of 3-15 as legacy and not using concatenation.
[0066] Regarding the concatenation timer, which is used to determine the number of packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs to be concatenated into a single PDCP PDU, it can be defined or configured in various manners and may be specific for one or multiple PDCP concatenations based on specific importance level (s) or common for all PDCP concatenations. For instance, in the case that the importance related information indicates that PDCP SDUs with PSI values of 0, 1, and 2 can be concatenated into a single PDCP PDU (hereinafter, first concatenation) , and those with other PSI values, e.g., of 3-15 can be concatenated into a single PDCP PDU (hereinafter, second concatenation) , the network side may configure a concatenation timer, timer#1 with a duration T1 for the first concatenation and a concatenation timer, timer#2 with a duration T2 for the second concatenation. In some cases, the duration of timer#1 may be short than timer#2. When the PDCP entity receives the first packet, e.g., PDCP SDU, with the importance level (e.g., PSI values of 0, 1, and 2) associated with a PDCP concatenation, e.g., the first concentation from the upper layer, the PDCP entity may start the corresponding timer, e.g., timer#1. The PDCP entity may determine to concatenate all packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs, with corresponding importance levels associated with the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires to a single PDU.
[0067] Regarding the maximum packet number for PDCP concatenation, it specifies the number of packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs allowed to be concatenated into a single PDCP PDU. Similarly, the maximum packet number may be specific for one or multiple PDCP concatenations associated with specific importance level (s) or common for all PDCP concatenations. For a PDCP concatenation configured with a concatenation timer and maximum packet number, the PDCP entity may determine to concatenate packets associated with the PDCP concatenation up to the maximum packet number received before the concatenation timer expires, wherein the concatenation timer is started by the PDCP entity when receiving the first PDCP SDU associated with the PDCP concatenation from the upper layer or by another manner. In some cases, if the number of the associated packets has reached the maximum packet number before the associated concatenation timer expires, the PDCP entity may stop the associated concatenation timer.
[0068] In some cases, the maximum packet number may be independently configured without a corresponding concatenation timer, and the PDCP entity may determine to concatenate received packets associated with the same PDCP concatenation up to the maximum packet number to a single PDU.
[0069] Regarding the maximum data size for PDCP concatenation, it specifies the maximum data size of a single PDCP PDU (e.g., excluding the PDCP header) generated by the PDCP concatenation. Similarly, the maximum data size may be specific for one or multiple PDCP concatenations associated with specific importance level (s) or common for all PDCP concatenations. In some cases, the maximum data size of a single PDCP PDU excluding PDCP header may be default as 9000 bits. For a PDCP concatenation configured with a concatenation timer and maximum data size, the PDCP entity may determine to concatenate packets associated with the PDCP concatenation up to the maximum data size received before the concatenation timer expires, wherein the concatenation timer is started by the PDCP entity when receiving the first PDCP SDU associated with the PDCP concatenation from the upper layer or by another manner. In some cases, if the number of the associated packets has reached the maximum data size before the associated concatenation timer expires, the PDCP entity may stop the associated concatenation timer.
[0070] In some cases, the maximum data size may be independently configured without a corresponding concatenation timer, and the PDCP entity may determine to concatenate received packets associated with the same PDCP concatenation up to the maximum data size to a single PDU.
[0071] Regarding the continuity related indication, it specifies whether noncontinuous packets, e.g., PDCP SDU (s) with importance level (s) for a PDCP concatenation, can be concatenated to a single PDCP PDU. Herein, the wording “noncontinuous packets” for a PDCP concatenation, e.g., the first concatenation means that packet (s) , e.g., PDCP SDU (s) with importance level (s) for the PDCP concatenation, are separate by packets associated with other PDCP concatenation (s) , e.g., the second concatenation. Similarly, the continuity related indication may be specific for one or multiple PDCP concatenations associated with specific importance level (s) or common for all PDCP concatenations.
[0072] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, the network side may configure the UE to always perform importance based PDCP concatenation, e.g., according to the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration as illustrated above. In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, the network side may dynamically configure the UE to perform importance based PDCP concatenation.
[0073] For example, in some implementations of the present disclosure, a NE may provide PDCP related configuration information including both importance based PDCP concatenation configuration and normal PDCP concatenation configuration for a UE. An exemplary normal PDCP concatenation configuration may include but not limited to part or all of: a concatenation timer for PDCP concatenation, a maximum packet number for PDCP concatenation and a maximum data size for PDCP concatenation, which are similar to those illustrated for importance based PDCP concatenation while unrelated to packet importance or priority. That is, the concatenation timer, maximum packet number and / or a maximum data size are common for all importance levels.
[0074] The NE may also provide a concatenation option related indication indicating which one of the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration and normal PDCP concatenation configuration will be applied or activated. An exemplary concatenation option related indication may be a state indication indicating whether a state of the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration or importance based PDCP concatenation or the like is activated or deactivated, or whether a state of the normal PDCP concatenation configuration or normal PDCP concatenation or the like is activated or deactivated. For example, when sending the PDCP related configuration information to the UE, the NE may set an initial state of the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration to be “activated” or “de-activated” by the state indication.
[0075] The UE may store the PDCP related configuration information and apply the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration or normal PDCP concatenation configuration according to the concatenation option related indication. For example, if the concatenation option related indication indicates that the state of the importance based PDCP concatenation is set to be “de-activated, ” the UE will apply the normal PDCP concatenation; otherwise, if the concatenation option related indication indicates that the state of the importance based PDCP concatenation is set to be “activated, ” the UE will apply the importance based PDCP concatenation; vice versa.
[0076] The NE may dynamically change or update the applied PDCP concatenation configuration, e.g., by MAC CE, which may be for one or multiple importance levels, or one or multiple QoS flows or one or multiple DRBs or another granularity.
[0077] For example, when the network is congested and the current applied PDCP concatenation configuration is the normal PDCP concatenation configuration, the NE may decide to activate the importance based PDCP concatenation, and send another concatenation option related indication (or updated or new concatenation option related indication or the like) , e.g., an activation state indication of the importance based PDCP concatenation to the UE by MAC CE. After receiving the activation state indication of the importance based PDCP concatenation, the UE will stop the normal PDCP concatenation, and start the importance based PDCP concatenation based on the activated importance based PDCP concatenation configuration.
[0078] When the network is not congested and the current applied PDCP concatenation configuration is the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration, the NE may decide to deactivate the importance based PDCP concatenation, and send another concatenation option related indication, e.g., a deactivation state indication of the importance based PDCP concatenation to the UE by MAC CE. After receiving the deactivation state indication of the importance based PDCP concatenation, the UE will stop the importance based PDCP concatenation, and start the normal PDCP concatenation based on the activated normal PDCP concatenation configuration.
[0079] Based on the PDCP concatenation configuration (e.g., the activated one) , the UE may start PDCP concatenations, e.g., generate a PDU by a PDCP concatenation based on the PDCP concatenation configuration after determining the first associated packet, e.g., when or after starting the corresponding concatenation timer, or after determining part or all associated packets, e.g., after the corresponding concatenation timer expires, etc.
[0080] Some detailed implements of importance based PDCP concatenation in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated in view of Figure 2, which illustrates an example of packets arriving at the PDCP entity in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0081] Referring to Figure 2, it is assumed that the network side, e.g., a NE may configure that packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs with importance level 1 and level 2, are allowed to be concatenated into a PDCP PDU, and configure a first concatenation timer, e.g., timer#1 with a duration T1, for the PDCP concatenation based on importance level 1 and level 2. The network side may also configure that PDCP SDUs with importance level 3 and level 4 are allowed to be concatenated into a PDCP PDU, and configure a second concatenation timer, e.g., timer#2 with a duration T2, for PDCP concatenation based on importance level 3 and level 4.
[0082] It is also assumed that the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity receives packets, SDU#1 to SDU#7 from the upper layer. The upper layer provides the importance level of each received PDCP SDU for the PDCP entity, wherein each of SDU#1, SDU#2, and SDU#5 has an importance level being level 1 or level 2, while each of SDU#3, SDU#4, SDU#6 and SDU#7 has an importance level being level 3 or level 4.
[0083] It is further assumed that SDU#1 received at time t1 is the first packet for the PDCP concatenation based on importance level 1 and level 2, and the PDCP entity starts the associated concatenation timer, timer#1 at time t1, which is expected to expire at time t3. SDU#3 received at time t2 is the first packet for the PDCP concatenation based on importance level 3 and level 4, and the PDCP entity starts the associated concatenation timer, timer#2 at t2, which is expected to expire at time t4.
[0084] In some implementations of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration further configures that the PDCP entity shall concatenate all packets with the corresponding importance level (s) associated with the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires. Accordingly, the PDCP entity will concatenate SDU#1, SDU#2, and SDU#5 into a single PDCP PDU, e.g., PDU#1, which may be after determining that the corresponding SDU belongs to PDU#1 or after timer#1 expires. Similarly, the PDCP entity will concatenate SDU#3, SDU#4, SDU#6 and SDU#7 into a single PDCP PDU, e.g., PDU#2, which may be after determining that the corresponding SDU belongs to PDU#2 or after timer#2 expires.
[0085] Regarding different PDCP concatenations, the PDCP entity may perform the PDCP concatenations in sequence (e.g., according to the order of the first packet determined for the corresponding PDCP concatenation) and will not start the next PDCP concatenation before a previous one is completed. For example, the PDCP entity may first concatenate SDU#1, SDU#2, and SDU#5 into PDU#1, buffer SDU#3 and SDU#4 which is received before SDU#5 before timer#1 expires, and start the PDCP concatenation based on importance level 3 and level 4 after timer#1 expires, e.g., start generating PDU#2 by concatenating SDU#3 and SDU#4 etc., into PDU#2. In some cases, the PDCP entity may even start timer#2 after timer#1 expires rather than receiving SDU#3.
[0086] In some cases, if the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration provides a continuity related indication indicating that a concatenation over non-continuous packets is not allowed for the PDCP concatenation based on importance level 1 and level 2, the PDCP entity will concatenate SDU#1 and SDU#2 into a PDU, e.g., PDU#1 because SDU#5 is not continuous or adjacent to SDU#2. The PDCP entity may stop timer#1 when receiving the first packet associated with another PDCP concatenation, e.g., at time t2 when receiving SDU#3, and start (or restart) timer#1 when receiving the first packet with level 1 or level 2 for another PDCP concatenation based on level 1 and level 2, e.g., at time t5 when receiving SDU#5. In some cases, if timer#1 is not stopped, the PDCP may restart or reset timer#1 at time t5 to start another PDCP concatenation based on level 1 and level 2. Similarly, if the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration provides a continuity related indication indicating that a concatenation over non-continuous packets is not allowed for the PDCP concatenation based on importance level 3 and level 4, the PDCP entity will concatenate SDU#3 and SDU#4 to a PDU, while start or restart timer#2 at time t6 when receiving SDU#6 and concatenate SDU#6, SDU#7 and other sequent packets with level 3 or level 4 (if any) to another PDU.
[0087] In some implementations of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration further configures that the PDCP entity shall concatenate packets received before the concatenation timer expires to a corresponding PDU up to the maximum packet number. For example, the maximum number of packets permitted for PDCP concatenations based on importance level 1 and level 2 is configured as “2, ” while the maximum number of packets permitted for PDCP concatenations based on importance level 3 and level 4 is configured as “5. ” Accordingly, the PDCP entity will concatenate only SDU#1 and SDU#2 into a single PDCP PDU, e.g., PDU#1 because the maximum packet number for PDU#1 has reached after receiving SDU#2. Similarly to cases that concatenation over non-continuous packets is not allowed for PDCP concatenations, in some cases, the PDCP entity may also actively stop timer#1. When receiving SDU#5, the PDCP entity will start (or restart if timer#1 is not stopped) timer#1, and perform another PDCP concatenation based on importance level 1 and level 2. On the other hand, the PDCP entity will concatenate SDU#3, SDU#4, SDU#6 and SDU#7 received before timer#2 expires to a single PDCP PDU, because the maximum number of packets permitted for PDU#2 is not reached before timer#2 expires.
[0088] In some implementations of the present disclosure, it may be assumed that the importance based PDCP concatenation configuration further configures that the PDCP entity shall concatenate packets received before the concatenation timer expires to a corresponding PDU up to the maximum data size. Detailed examples are similar to those illustrated in view of the maximum packet number and concatenation timer, and will not repeat.
[0089] When submitting the generated PDCP PDUs to lower layers, e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity may add the PDCP count value or SN in the header of each PDCP PDU (e.g., PDCP header) to identify it.
[0090] Currently, the PDCP count value or SN is allocated for a single PDCP SDU when the PDCP entity receives the PDCP SDU from the upper layer, which is not efficient for PDCP concatenation mechanism. In addition, there may be multiples PDCP concatenations simultaneously, e.g., based on different importance level limitations. Thus, how to allocate PDCP count values or SNs for PDUs generated by PDCP concatenations needs to be solved.
[0091] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity may assign a PDCP count value or SN for a PDCP PDU when receiving the first packet, e.g., PDCP SDU of the PDCP PDU. For the subsequent PDCP SDUs belonging to the PDU, the UE PDCP entity will not assign PDCP count value or SN again or allocate the same PDCP count value or SN.
[0092] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity may assign a PDCP count value or SN for a PDCP PDU when or after concatenating the corresponding packets to the PDCP PDU.
[0093] In some cases, for importance based PDCP concatenation, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity may prioritize assigning a PDCP count value or SN for the PDU generated based on higher importance level (s) .
[0094] In legacy technologies, when a packet, e.g., PDCP SDU arrives at a PDCP entity, the PDCP entity will start a PDCP discard timer for the PDCP SDU. When the PDCP discard timer expires, the PDCP entity will discard the PDCP SDU. However, for PDCP concatenations, since multiple packets are concatenated into a single PDCP PDU, how to perform PDCP discard function needs to be improved to support PDCP concatenation.
[0095] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, the PDCP discard function for PDCP concatenation is configured based on PDU, which may be configured for one or multiple QoS flows or DRBs or for one or multiple importance levels. For example, in some cases, when a PDCP PDU is generated by concatenating packets into the PDCP PDU, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity may start a PDCP discard timer for this PDCP PDU. In some cases, when the first packet (e.g., the first SDU) for a PDCP PDU to be generated by PDCP concatenation is received from the upper layer, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity, may start a PDCP discard timer for this PDCP PDU. In some cases, when the last packet (e.g., the last SDU) for a PDCP PDU to be generated by PDCP concatenation is received from the upper layer, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity may start a PDCP discard timer for this PDCP PDU. When the PDCP discard timer for this PDU expires, the PDCP entity will discard all packets (e.g., all SDUs) associated with this PDCP PDU.
[0096] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, the PDCP discard function for PDCP concatenation is configured based on packets, e.g., PDCP SDUs, which may be configured for one or multiple QoS flows or DRBs or for one or multiple importance levels. For example, when receiving a packet, e.g., a PDCP SDU to be concatenated to a PDU from the upper layer, the PDCP entity, e.g., UE PDCP entity, may start a PDCP discard timer for this PDCP SDU. When a PDCP discard timer of any one of the PDCP SDUs corresponding to this PDCP PDU expires, the PDCP entity will discard all PDCP SDUs associated with this PDCP PDU. In some cases, when all PDCP discard timers of the PDCP SDUs corresponding to this PDCP PDU expires, the PDCP entity will discard all PDCP SDUs associated with this PDCP PDU. In some cases, the network side may configure either when a PDCP discard timer of any one of the PDCP SDUs corresponding to the PDCP PDU expires or when all PDCP discard timers of the PDCP SDUs corresponding to the PDCP PDU expires, the PDCP entity will discard all PDCP SDUs associated with the PDCP PDU. The UE may select the specific discard solution based on the configuration.
[0097] At the UE side, the UE may transmit the PDUs generated by PDCP concatenations to the network side. In some scenarios, for the generated PDUs, the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity may need to perform retransmissions of PDCP PDUs for which the successful delivery has not been confirmed by lower layers. For example, during a PDCP data recovery procedure due to UE mobility, since the target NE, e.g., a target node B may adopt a different PDCP concatenation solution or policy, the UE may need to regenerate PDUs from the packets to be retransmitted. Regarding the configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, it may be configured by the network side or is predefined or by a combination thereof.
[0098] In some cases (cases#1) , a single PDCP PDU to be retransmitted (old or original PDU or the like) may be generated or regenerated or re-concatenated as multiple new PDCP PDUs, wherein at least one of the new PDUs is generated by PDCP concatenations. In some cases (cases#2) , multiple old PDUs may be generated or regenerated or re-concatenated as a single new PDU. In some cases (cases#3) , a single old PDU may be generated or regenerated as multiple new PDUs by legacy PDU mechanism, that is, each new PDU includes a separate packet (e.g., SDU) . To support those cases, at least the following issues need to be addressed, e.g., the PDCP count value or SN used for the regenerated PDCP PDU (s) , the security input parameter (s) (e.g., which PDCP count value or SN etc. ) used for the regenerated PDCP PDU(s) ; and the receiving PDCP window management for the regenerated PDCP PDU (s) .
[0099] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, in cases#1, for the multiple new PDCP PDUs, the UE may include PDCP regeneration information in the PDCP header of each new PDU. Exemplary PDCP regeneration information may include but not limited to part or all of: a PDCP regeneration indication to indicate that the new PDU is a regenerated PDU, the number of the multiple new PDUs associated with the old PDU, a sub-sequence number of the new PDU, a start indication indicating that the new PDU is the first one of the multiple new PDU, and an end indication indicating that the new PDU is the last one of the multiple new PDU.
[0100] Regarding the PDCP count value or SN used for the new PDCP PDUs, the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity, may use the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDCP PDU for all the new PDCP PDUs, or use the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU plus a sub-sequence number as the PDCP count value or SN of a corresponding new PDU. The sub-sequence number may be allocated in a delivery order such as 0, 1, 2 etc.
[0101] Figure 3 illustrates an example of PDCP PDU regeneration in cases#1 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0102] Referring to Figure 3, an old PDCP PDU, e.g., PDU#1 includes three concatenated packets, e.g., SDU#1 to SDU#3. The UE may generate a new PDU including SDU#1, which will be first delivered, and another new PDU including SDU#2 and SDU#3, which will be delivered later. For the new PDU including SDU#1, the UE may use the SN of the old PDU, #1 plus a sub-sequence number, e.g., 1, as the SN of the first new PDU, e.g., #1-1; and similarly, for the new PDU including SDU#2 and SDU#3, the UE may use #1-2 as the SN of the second new PDU.
[0103] Each new PDCP PDU may be ciphered and / or integrity protected. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity shall use the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of all the new PDUs. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity may use the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU plus a sub-sequence number as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of a corresponding new PDU.
[0104] At the receiving side, when the receiving PDCP entity at the network side, e.g., NE PDCP entity or RAN PDCP entity, receives the new PDUs with PDCP regeneration information present in the header, the receiving PDCP entity may perform deciphering and integrity for the new PDCP PDUs using the same PDCP count value or SN as the old PDU, or using the same PDCP count value or SN as the old PDU and the corresponding sub-sequence number.
[0105] If all the new PDCP PDUs with the same PDCP count value or SN have been received, the receiving PDCP entity may manage PDCP window, e.g., RX_NEXT and RX_DELIV etc., wherein RX_NEXT is a state variable that indicates the count value of the next PDCP SDU expected to be received, and RX_DELIV is a state variable that indicates the count value of the first PDCP PDU not delivered to the upper layers, but still waited for.
[0106] For example, after determining the count value of a received PDCP PDU (data PDU) , e.g., represented by RCVD_COUNT (e.g., [RCVD_HFN, RCVD_SN] ) , the receiving PDCP entity may perform the following operations: if the PDCP PDU with a count value of RCVD_COUNT has been received before, but the PDCP regeneration information is included in the header of the PDCP PDU, do not discard the PDCP PDU; ■ if RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to RX_NEXT, and the PDCP regeneration information is included in the header of the PDCP PDU, then - if all the new PDCP PDUs (data PDUs) with the same RCVD_COUNT have been received, update RX_NEXT to (RCVD_COUNT + 1) . ■ if RCVD_COUNT is equal to RX_DELIV and the PDCP regeneration indication is included in the header of the PDCP PDU, then - if all the new PDCP PDUs with the same RCVD_COUNT have been received, update RX_DELIV to the count value of the first PDCP PDU which has not been delivered to upper layers but still waited for, wherein the count value of the first PDCP PDU is larger than RX_DELIV.
[0107] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, in cases#2, for the generated new PDCP PDU, the UE may include PDCP regeneration information in the PDCP header of the new PDU. Exemplary PDCP regeneration information may include but not limited to part or all of: an PDCP regeneration indication to indicate that the new PDU is a regenerated PDU and the number of the multiple old PDUs.
[0108] For the PDCP count value or SN used for the new PDCP PDU, the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity may use the PDCP count value or SN of any one of the multiple old PDUs as the PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU, or use the PDCP count value or SN of the first one of the multiple old PDUs as the PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU, or use the PDCP count value or SN of the last one of the multiple old PDUs as the PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU, or include all PDCP count values or SNs of the multiple old PDUs in the PDCP header of the new PDU.
[0109] Figure 4 illustrates an example of PDCP PDU regeneration in cases#2 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0110] Referring to Figure 4, there are two old PDUs, e.g., PDU#1 with SDU#1 and SDU#2, and PDU#2 with SDU#3 and SDU#4. The UE may generate a new PDU including SDU#1 to SDU#4. For the new PDU, the UE may include the SNs, e.g., #1 and #2 of both the old PDU#1 and PDU#2 in the PDCP header of the new PDU.
[0111] The new PDCP PDU may be ciphered and / or integrity protected. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity may use the PDCP count value or SN of an old PDU selected (by the UE) from the multiple old PDUs as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of the new PDU. If the header of the new PDU includes multiple PDCP counts or SNs, the UE may further transmit an indication (e.g., count value or SN indication) indicating the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU acting as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of the new PDU. The selected old PDU can be any one of the multiple old PDUs, e.g., the first one, or the last one etc. In some implementations of the present disclosure, it may be configured or predefined that the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity shall use the PDCP count value or SN of the first one of the multiple old PDUs as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of the new PDU. In some implementations of the present disclosure, it may be configured or predefined that the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity shall use the PDCP count value or SN of the last one of the multiple old PDUs as an input parameter for ciphering and integrity protection of the new PDU.
[0112] For the receiving side, when the receiving PDCP entity at the network side, e.g., the NE or RAN PDCP entity receives the new PDU with PDCP regeneration information present in the header, the receiving PDCP entity may perform deciphering and integrity for the new PDCP PDU with the same input parameter (s) as the transmitting side, and will not detail.
[0113] Similarly, if the new PDCP PDU has been received, the receiving PDCP entity may manage PDCP window, e.g., RX_NEXT and RX_DELIV etc.
[0114] In some implementations of the present disclosure, the PDCP count value or SN of the last old PDCP PDU is used as the PDCP count value or SN (predefined or configured or selected) in the header of the new PDCP PDU. After determining the count value of a received PDCP PDU (data PDU) , e.g., represented by RCVD_COUNT (e.g., [RCVD_HFN, RCVD_SN] ) , the receiving PDCP entity may perform the following operations: ■ if RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to RX_NEXT, and the PDCP regeneration information is included in the header of the PDCP PDU, then - update RX_NEXT to (RCVD_COUNT + 1) . ■ if RCVD_COUNT is equal to RX_DELIV, then - update RX_DELIV to the count value of the first PDCP PDU which has not been delivered to upper layers but still waited for, wherein the count value of the first PDCP PDU is larger than RX_DELIV.
[0115] In some implementations of the present disclosure, the PDCP count value or SN of the first old PDCP PDU is used as the PDCP count value or SN (predefined or configured or selected) in the header of the new PDCP PDU. After determining the count value of a received PDCP PDU (data PDU) , e.g., represented by RCVD_COUNT (e.g., [RCVD_HFN, RCVD_SN] ) , the receiving PDCP entity may perform the following operations: ■ if RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to RX_NEXT, and the PDCP regeneration information is included in the header of the PDCP PDU, then - update RX_NEXT to (RCVD_COUNT + N) , N is the number of the old PDCP PDUs. ■ if (RCVD_COUNT +N) is equal to RX_DELIV, then - update RX_DELIV to the count value of the first PDCP PDU which has not been delivered to upper layers but still waited for, wherein the count value of the first PDCP PDU is larger than RX_DELIV.
[0116] In accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, in cases#3, for the generated new PDUs, the UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity may continue using the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDCP PDU for the first new PDCP PDU, assign the latest unused PDCP count value or SN to the second new PDCP PDU, and assign consecutive subsequent PDCP count values or SNs to the remaining PDCP PDUs. In other words, the UE may use the PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU as the PDCP count value or SN of the first new PDU, assign the latest unused PDCP count value or SN to the second new PDU, and repeat assigning a next latest unused PDCP count value or SN to a next new PDU until all the multiple new PDUs are assigned with PDCP count values or SNs.
[0117] Figure 5 illustrates an example of PDCP PDU regeneration in cases#3 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0118] Referring to Figure 5, the old PDCP PDU, e.g., PDU#1 includes three concatenated packets, e.g., SDU#1 to SDU#3. The UE, e.g., UE PDCP entity may generate a new PDCP PDU including SDU#1, another new PDU including SDU#2 and yet another new PDU including SDU#3. The UE may assign the SN of the old PDCP PDU, e.g., #1 to the first PDCP PDU with SDU#1, assign the lasted unused PDCP SN, e.g., #M to the second PDCP PDU with SDU#2, and assign the next lasted unused PDCP SN, e.g., # (M+1) to the third PDCP PDU with SDU#3. In some implementations of the present disclosure, #M may be the latest unused PDCP count value.
[0119] The other operations in cases#3 are identical or similar to legacy PDU retransmission mechanism, and will not repeat.
[0120] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a UE 600 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 600 may include a processor 602, a memory 604, a controller 606, and a transceiver 608. The processor 602, the memory 604, the controller 606, or the transceiver 608, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0121] The processor 602, the memory 604, the controller 606, or the transceiver 608, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.
[0122] The processor 602 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 602 may be configured to operate the memory 604. In some other implementations, the memory 604 may be integrated into the processor 602. The processor 602 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 604 to cause the UE 600 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0123] The memory 604 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 604 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 602 cause the UE 600 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 604 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0124] In some implementations, the processor 602 and the memory 604 coupled with the processor 602 may be configured to cause the UE 600 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 602, instructions stored in the memory 604) . For example, the processor 602 may support wireless communication at the UE 600 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The UE 600 may be configured to support a means for receiving a PDCP related configuration from a NE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, or a combination thereof; a means for generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration; and a means for transmitting generated PDUs to the NE.
[0125] The controller 606 may manage input and output signals for the UE 600. The controller 606 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 600. In some implementations, the controller 606 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 606 may be implemented as part of the processor 602.
[0126] In some implementations, the UE 600 may include at least one transceiver 608. In some other implementations, the UE 600 may have more than one transceiver 608. The transceiver 608 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 608 may include one or more receiver chains 610, one or more transmitter chains 612, or a combination thereof.
[0127] A receiver chain 610 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data and packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 610 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 610 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 610 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 610 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0128] A transmitter chain 612 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data and packets) . The transmitter chain 612 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 612 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 612 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0129] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a processor 700 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 700 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 700 may include a controller 702 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 700 may optionally include at least one memory 704, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 700 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 706. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0130] The processor 700 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 700) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) ) , and others.
[0131] The controller 702 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 700 to cause the processor 700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 702 may operate as a control unit of the processor 700, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 700. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0132] The controller 702 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 704 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 702 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 704. The controller 702 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 702 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 700 to cause the processor 700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 702 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 700. The controller 702 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 700.
[0133] The memory 704 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 700 or other memory, such as RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. ) . In some implementations, the memory 704 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 700) . In some other implementations, the memory 704 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 700) .
[0134] The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 700, cause the processor 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 702 and / or the processor 700 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 704 to cause the processor 700 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 700 and / or the controller 702 may be coupled with or to the memory 704, the processor 700, the controller 702, and the memory 704 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 700 may include multiple processors and the memory 704 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0135] The one or more ALUs 706 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 706 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 700) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 706 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 700) . One or more ALUs 706 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 706 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 706 may be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 706 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 706 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0136] The processor 700 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 700 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving a PDCP related configuration from a NE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, or a combination thereof; means for generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration; and means for transmitting generated PDUs to the NE.
[0137] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a NE 800 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The NE 800 may include a processor 802, a memory 804, a controller 806, and a transceiver 808. The processor 802, the memory 804, the controller 806, or the transceiver 808, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0138] The processor 802, the memory 804, the controller 806, or the transceiver 808, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.
[0139] The processor 802 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 802 may be configured to operate the memory 804. In some other implementations, the memory 804 may be integrated into the processor 802. The processor 802 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 804 to cause the NE 800 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0140] The memory 804 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 802 cause the NE 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 804 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0141] In some implementations, the processor 802 and the memory 804 coupled with the processor 802 may be configured to cause the NE 800 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 802, instructions stored in the memory 804) . For example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the NE 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The NE 800 may be configured to support a means for transmitting a PDCP related configuration to a UE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, or a combination thereof; and means for receiving, from the UE, PDUs generated based on the PDCP related configuration.
[0142] The controller 806 may manage input and output signals for the NE 800. The controller 806 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 800. In some implementations, the controller 806 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 806 may be implemented as part of the processor 802.
[0143] In some implementations, the NE 800 may include at least one transceiver 808. In some other implementations, the NE 800 may have more than one transceiver 808. The transceiver 808 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 808 may include one or more receiver chains 810, one or more transmitter chains 812, or a combination thereof.
[0144] A receiver chain 810 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data and packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 810 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0145] A transmitter chain 812 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data and packets) . The transmitter chain 812 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 812 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 812 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0146] Figure 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a UE as described herein. In some implementations, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the UE to perform the described functions.
[0147] At step 901, the method may include receiving a PDCP related configuration from a NE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, or a combination thereof. The operations of step 901 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 901 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 6.
[0148] At step 903, the method may include generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration. The operations of step 903 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of step 903 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 6.
[0149] At step 905, the method may include transmitting generated PDUs to the NE. The operations of step 905 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of step 905 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 6.
[0150] It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.
[0151] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a NE as described herein. In some implementations, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the NE to perform the described functions.
[0152] At step 1001, the method may include transmitting a PDCP related configuration to a UE, wherein the PDCP related configuration includes a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets, or a combination thereof. The operations of step 1001 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of step 1001 may be performed by a NE as described with reference to Figure 8.
[0153] At step 1003, the method may include receiving, from the UE, PDUs generated based on the PDCP related configuration. The operations of step 1003 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of step 1003 may be performed by a NE as described with reference to Figure 8.
[0154] It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.
[0155] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to:receive a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) related configuration from a network equipment (NE) , wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets;generate protocol data units (PDUs) based on the PDCP related configuration; andtransmit generated PDUs to the NE.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first configuration is related to one or multiple PDCP concatenations, and for a PDCP concatenation of the one or multiple PDCP concatenations, the first configuration includes:importance related information indicating importance levels associated with packets determination for the PDCP concatenation;a concatenation timer associated with packets determination for the PDCP concatenation;a maximum packet number for the PDCP concatenation;a maximum data size for the PDCP concatenation; ora continuity related indication indicating whether a concatenation over non-continuous packets is allowed for the PDCP concatenation.3.The UE of claim 2, wherein generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes concatenating PDUs based on the first configuration, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:start the concatenation timer associated with a PDCP concatenation in response to receiving from an upper layer a first packet with an importance level associated with the PDCP concatenation; anddetermine to concatenate following packets into a PDU:all packets with corresponding importance levels associated with the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires; orpackets with corresponding importance levels associated with the PDCP concatenation up to the maximum packet number for the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires; orpackets with corresponding importance levels associated with the PDCP concatenation up to the maximum data size for the PDCP concatenation received before the concatenation timer expires.4.The UE of claim 1, wherein the PDCP related configuration further includes a third configuration for non-importance based PDCP concatenation, and a concatenation option related indication indicating that the first configuration or the third configuration will be applied at the UE.5.The UE of claim 4, wherein the concatenation option related indication is a state indication indicating whether a state of the first configuration is activated or deactivated or whether a state of the third configuration is activated or deactivated.6.The UE of claim 4, wherein the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:receive an updated concatenation option related indication from the NE; anddetermine to apply the first configuration or the third configuration at the UE based on the updated concatenation option related indication.7.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to assign a PDCP count value or serial number (SN) for a PDU generated based on the first configuration when receiving a first packet of the PDU from an upper layer, or when concatenating packets to the PDU.8.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:start a PDCP discard timer for a PDU generated based on the first configuration when determining a first packet associated with the PDU, or when determining a last packet associated with the PDU; anddiscard all packets associated with the PDU when the PDCP discard timer for the PDU expires.9.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:start a PDCP discard timer for a packet when receiving the packet from an upper layer; anddiscard all packets associated with a PDU generated based on the first configuration when a PDCP discard timer for any one of the packets associated with the PDU expires or all PDCP discard timers for the packets associated with the PDU expire.10.The UE of claim 1, wherein generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes generating multiple new PDUs from packets associated with an old PDU based on the second configuration, wherein at least one of the multiple new PDUs is generated by PDCP concatenation, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:include PDCP regeneration information in a PDCP header of each new PDU, wherein the PDCP regeneration information includes:a PDCP regeneration indication to indicate that the new PDU is a regenerated PDU;a number of the multiple new PDUs associated with the old PDU;a sub-sequence number of the new PDU;a start indication indicating that the new PDU is a first one of the multiple new PDU; oran end indication indicating that the new PDU is a last one of the multiple new PDU.11.The UE of claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:use a PDCP count value or serial number (SN) of the old PDU as a PDCP count value or SN of the multiple new PDUs; anduse a PDCP count value or SN of the old PDU plus a sub-sequence number as a PDCP count value or SN of a corresponding new PDU.12.The UE of claim 1, wherein generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes generating a new PDU from packets associated with multiple old PDUs based on the second configuration, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:include PDCP regeneration information in a PDCP header of each new PDU, wherein the PDCP regeneration information includes:an PDCP regeneration indication to indicate that the new PDU is a regenerated PDU; ora number of the multiple old PDUs.13.The UE of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:use a PDCP count value or serial number (SN) of any one of the multiple old PDUs as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU;use a PDCP count value or SN of a first one of the multiple old PDUs as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU;use a PDCP count value or SN of a last one of the multiple old PDUs as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU; orinclude PDCP count values or SNs of the multiple old PDUs in a PDCP header of the new PDU.14.The UE of claim 1, wherein generating PDUs based on the PDCP related configuration includes generating multiple new PDUs from packets associated with an old PDU based on the second configuration, each new PDU includes a separate packet, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the UE to:use a PDCP count value or serial number (SN) of the old PDU as a PDCP count value or SN of a first one of the multiple new PDUs, assign a latest unused PDCP count value or SN to a second one of the multiple new PDUs, and repeat assigning a next latest unused PDCP count value or SN to a next one of the multiple new PDUs until all the multiple new PDUs are assigned with PDCP count values or SNs.15.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to:receive a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) related configuration from a network equipment (NE) , wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets;generate protocol data units (PDUs) based on the PDCP related configuration; andtransmit generated PDUs to the NE.16.A network equipment (NE) for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to:transmit a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) related configuration to a user equipment (UE) , wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets; andreceive, from the UE, protocol data units (PDUs) generated based on the PDCP related configuration.17.The NE of claim 16, wherein the second configuration indicates the UE to generate multiple new PDUs from packets associated with an old PDU, at least one of the multiple new PDUs is generated by PDCP concatenation, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the NE to:for a received PDU with a count value, RCVD_COUNT, when a PDU with a count value equal to RCVD_COUNT has been received before, but the PDCP header of the PDU includes PDCP regeneration information, remain the PDU by an PDCP entity; andwhen RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to a count value of a next packet expected to be received, RX_NEXT, and all PDUs with a same RCVD_COUNT have been received, update RX_NEXT to (RCVD_COUNT + 1) by the PDCP entity; orwhen RCVD_COUNT is equal to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for, RX_DELIV, and all PDUs with a same RCVD_COUNT have been received, update RX_DELIV by the PDCP entity to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for larger than RX_DELIV.18.The NE of claim 16, wherein the second configuration indicates the UE to generate a new PDU by PDCP concatenation from packets associated with multiple old PDUs, a PDCP count value or serial number (SN) of a first one of the multiple old PDUs is used as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the NE to:for a received PDU with a count value, RCVD_COUNT, wherein the PDCP header of the PDU includes PDCP regeneration information,when RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to a count value of a next packet expected to be received, RX_NEXT, update RX_NEXT by an PDCP entity to (RCVD_COUNT + N) , wherein N is a number of the multiple old PDUs; orwhen (RCVD_COUNT +N) is equal to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for, RX_DELIV, update RX_DELIV by the PDCP entity to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for larger than RX_DELIV.19.The NE of claim 16, wherein the second configuration indicates the UE to generate a new PDU by PDCP concatenation from concatenated packets associated with multiple old PDUs to be retransmitted, a PDCP count value or serial number (SN) of a last one of the multiple old PDUs is used as a PDCP count value or SN of the new PDU, and the at least one processor is configured to further cause the NE to:for a received PDU with a count value, RCVD_COUNT, wherein the PDCP header of the PDU includes PDCP regeneration information,when RCVD_COUNT is larger than or equal to a count value of a next packet expected to be received, RX_NEXT, update RX_NEXT by an PDCP entity to (RCVD_COUNT + 1) , wherein N is a number of the multiple old PDUs; orwhen (RCVD_COUNT +N) is equal to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for, RX_DELIV, update RX_DELIV to a count value of a first PDU which has not been not delivered to upper layers but is still waited for larger than RX_DELIV.20.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) related configuration from a network equipment (NE) , wherein the PDCP related configuration includes one or more of a first configuration for importance based PDCP concatenation, or a second configuration for retransmission of concatenated packets;generating protocol data units (PDUs) based on the PDCP related configuration; andtransmitting generated PDUs to the NE.