Bandwidth allocation for transmission opportunities
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/085033
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
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Figure CN2025085033_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION FOR TRANSMISSION OPPORTUNITIESFIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for bandwidth allocation for transmission opportunities (TXOPs) .BACKGROUND
[0002] A communication network may serve as a facility that enables communication between two or more communication devices or provides communication devices access to a data network. A wireless communication network is one example of a communication network. The communication network may operate in accordance with standards such as those provided by the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) . Examples of standards provided by IEEE are the so-called IEEE 802.11 standards or Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) standards for Wi-Fi generations such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be, and 802.11bn, etc.SUMMARY
[0003] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus in a wireless local area network, WLAN, at least to: transmit, to a second apparatus in the WLAN, a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and receive, from the second apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0004] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus in a WLAN, at least to: receive, from a first apparatus in the WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and transmit, to the first apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0005] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a second apparatus in a WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and receiving, from the second apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0006] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a first apparatus in a WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and transmitting, to the first apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0007] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a second apparatus in a WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0008] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first apparatus in a WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0009] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the third aspect.
[0010] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the fourth aspect.
[0011] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a TXOP scenario where the access point (AP) is a TXOP holder, and the non-AP station (STA) is a TXOP responder;
[0015] FIG. 3A illustrates an example of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the non-AP STA2 serving as a non-TXOP holder or non-TXOP responder interrupts the AP’s TXOP;
[0016] FIG. 3B illustrates an example of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the non-AP STA1 serving as a TXOP responder interrupts the AP’s TXOP;
[0017] FIG. 3C illustrates an example of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the non-AP STA2 serving as a non-TXOP holder or non-TXOP responder interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP;
[0018] FIG. 3D illustrates an example of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the AP serving as a TXOP responder interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP;
[0019] FIG. 3E illustrates an example of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the AP serving as a TXOP responder interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP;
[0020] FIG. 4A illustrates an example of a TXOP sharing mode1 in which the AP gives its TXOP to a non-AP STA1 and the non-AP STA1 sends frames back to the AP;
[0021] FIG. 4B illustrates an example of a TXOP sharing mode2 in which the AP gives its TXOP to a non-AP STA1 and the non-AP STA1 sends frames to the non-AP STA2;
[0022] FIG. 5 illustrates an issue with bandwidth management that arises during TXOP sharing or preemption;
[0023] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a partial bandwidth allocation scenario in TXOP sharing or preemption in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 7 illustrates a signaling chart of a partial bandwidth allocation in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a partial bandwidth allocation scenario in TXOP sharing in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a partial bandwidth allocation scenario in TXOP preemption in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a partial bandwidth and time allocation for TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 11 illustrates an example frame format for a partial bandwidth allocation for a first TXOP request or response in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 12A illustrates an example of a TXOP sharing request in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] FIG. 12B illustrates an example of a TXOP sharing response in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0032] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 15 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0034] FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0035] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0037] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0038] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0039] It shall be understood that although the terms “first, ” “second, ” …, etc. in front of noun (s) and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another and they do not limit the order of the noun (s) . For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0040] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0041] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.
[0042] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0043] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) : (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0044] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0045] WLAN, commonly implemented under IEEE 802.11 standards (i.e., Wi-Fi) , enables high-speed wireless connectivity across diverse environments, including residential, enterprise, industrial, and public spaces. These networks support bidirectional communication between STAs, facilitating data, voice, and multimedia transmission.
[0046] A STA refers to an entity that can be addressed uniquely (i.e., it has a single and unique medium access control (MAC) address) and that provides 802.11 physical (PHY) and MAC functions. STAs can communicate with each other directly. A set of STAs that can communicate with each other form a Basic Service Set (BSS) , and the area that their signals cover forms a Basic Service Area (BSA) . A STA may be implemented in an AP or implemented as a non-AP STA depending on its functions.
[0047] An AP refers to a device in WLAN that provides wireless devices with wireless access to a wired or a wireless network. The AP may serve as a hub for the WLAN and may be regarded as a network device implemented in WLAN. The AP may be responsible for sending and receiving wireless signals, network connection management and data forwarding. By way of example rather than limitation, an AP may also be referred to as a Wi-Fi router, a radio router, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function ( “TF” ) , a wireless access node, a wireless switch, an access bridge, or some other terminology, and so forth.
[0048] A non-AP STA refers to a wireless device that connects to an AP to access the network. A non-AP STA serves as a user of the WLAN and may be regarded as a terminal device implemented in WLAN. Non-AP STAs are typically end-user devices that do not provide access to other devices but rather consume network services. By way of example rather than limitation, a non-AP STA may also be referred to as a STA for simplicity, or a wireless client, a client STA, a subscriber STA, a subscriber unit, a remote STA, a remote terminal, an end device, an access terminal, a terminal device, a mobile station, a user terminal, a user agent, a user device, user equipment, or some other terminology. Examples of the terminal devices may be implemented as a non-AP STA if located in a WLAN, and duplications thereof will be omitted.
[0049] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of Wi-Fi devices can communicate with each other. The plurality of Wi-Fi devices may include one or more stations such as a first apparatus 110-1, first apparatus 110-2, …, first apparatus 110-m (individually or collectively referred to as first apparatus 110) . The plurality of Wi-Fi devices may further include one or more stations such as a second apparatus 120-1, second apparatus 120-2, …, second apparatus 120-n (individually or collectively referred to as second apparatus 120) . The plurality of Wi-Fi devices may communicate with each other.
[0050] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additional devices may be located in the communication environment 100.
[0051] In some example embodiments, a transmission direction from the second apparatus 120 to the first apparatus 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a transmission direction from the first apparatus 110 to the second apparatus 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the second apparatus 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the first apparatus 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the first apparatus 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the second apparatus 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) .
[0052] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0053] As mentioned above, examples of standards provided by IEEE are the so-called IEEE 802.11 standards or Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) standards for Wi-Fi generations such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be, and 802.11bn, etc. 802.11bn is the next generation Wi-Fi (also referred to as Wi-Fi 8) under development in 802.11. One of the topics under consideration is the low latency (LL) support, i.e., delivering frames with low latency for AP and non-AP STA.
[0054] There are two possible solutions to achieve low latency, including TXOP preemption and TXOP sharing. Both solutions are aimed at TXOP, so it is necessary to first introduce TXOP, and then introduce TXOP preemption and TXOP sharing.
[0055] TXOP refers to a time duration of a STA (AP or non-AP STA) , in which it can transmit frames. When the STA gains access to the channel (based on enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) ) , it becomes a TXOP holder. During a TXOP of the STA, no other STA is allowed to transmit any frame (except some essential frames such as acknowledgement (ACK) ) . A STA that receives frames from the TXOP is referred to as TXOP responder. FIG. 2 illustrates the concept of TXOP, where the TXOP holder is an AP, and the TXOP responder is the non-AP STA. The AP is the TXOP holder because it gained access to the channel based on EDCA, therefore, the AP transmits its frames to the non-AP STA during its TXOP. Because the AP is sending its frames to the non-AP STA, the non-AP STA is the TXOP responder. Note that no other STA can interrupt the AP’s TXOP while it is sending its frames. Only, the TXOP responder (non-AP STA) can send some essential frames (such as ACK) during the AP’s TXOP.
[0056] TXOP preemption involves cutting or interrupting an on-going transmission within a TXOP (i.e. on-going TXOP) to allow another STA (AP or non-AP STA) to obtain the TXOP and transmit their frames. This is helpful to transmit LL frames, because under normal circumstances a STA (AP or non-AP STA) has to wait until another STA’s (AP or non-AP STA) TXOP is finished, then contend for the medium (based on EDCA) to gain access to the channel and transmit that frame (if it wins the contention) . Waiting for a STA’s (AP or non-AP STA) TXOP and trying to gain access to the channel results in delay of the LL frame delivery. With TXOP preemption, the STA (AP or non-AP STA) does not have to wait until another STA’s TXOP, instead, the STA (AP or non-AP STA) may cut or interrupt the on-going TXOP to send its LL frame, resulting in LL frame delivery. FIGS. 3A to 3E illustrate several cases for TXOP preemption.
[0057] FIG. 3A illustrates an example 300A of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the non-AP STA2 serving as a non-TXOP holder or non-TXOP responder interrupts the AP’s TXOP. Specifically, the AP is a TXOP holder and the non-AP STA1 is a TXOP responder (i.e. transmission from the AP to the non-AP STA1) . The non-AP STA2 is the non-TXOP holder or non-TXOP responder, because it is not part of the transmission. While the AP (TXOP holder) transmits its frames to the non-AP STA1 (TXOP responder) , an LL frame arrives at the non-AP STA2 (non-TXOP holder / responder) . The non-AP STA2 interrupts the AP’s TXOP (on-going TXOP) to send its LL frame.
[0058] FIG. 3B illustrates an example 300B of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the non-AP STA1 serving as a TXOP responder interrupts the AP’s TXOP. In FIG. 3B, the AP is the TXOP holder, and the non-AP STA1 is the TXOP responder (i.e. transmission from the AP to the non-AP STA1) . The non-AP STA2 is the non-TXOP holder / responder, because it is not part of the transmission. While the AP (TXOP holder) transmits its frames to the non-AP STA1 (TXOP responder) , an LL frame arrives at the non-AP STA1 (TXOP responder) . The non-AP STA1 interrupts the AP’s TXOP (on-going TXOP) to send its LL frame.
[0059] FIG. 3C illustrates an example 300C of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the non-AP STA2 serving as a non-TXOP holder or non-TXOP responder interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP. In FIG. 3C, the non-AP STA1 is the TXOP holder, and the AP is the TXOP responder (i.e. transmission from the non-AP STA1 to the AP) . The non-AP STA2 is non-TXOP holder, because it is not part of the transmission. While the non-AP STA1 (TXOP holder) transmits its frames to the AP (TXOP responder) , an LL frame arrives at the non-AP STA2 (non-TXOP holder / responder) . The non-AP STA2 interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP (on-going TXOP) to send its LL frame.
[0060] FIG. 3D illustrates an example 300D of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the AP serving as a TXOP responder interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP. Specifically, the non-AP STA1 is the TXOP holder, and the AP is the TXOP responder (i.e. transmission from the non-AP STA1 to the AP) . The non-AP STA2 is the non-TXOP holder, because it is not part of the transmission. While the non-AP STA1 (TXOP holder) transmits its frames to the AP (TXOP responder) , an LL frame arrives at the AP (TXOP responder) for the non-AP STA1. The AP interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP (on-going TXOP) to send its LL frame to the non-AP STA1.
[0061] FIG. 3E illustrates an example 300E of a TXOP Preemption scenario in which the AP serving as a TXOP responder interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP. Specifically, the non-AP STA1 is the TXOP holder, and the AP is the TXOP responder (i.e. transmission from the non-AP STA1 to the AP) . The non-AP STA2 is the non-TXOP holder, because it is not part of the transmission. While the non-AP STA1 (TXOP holder) transmits its frames to the AP (TXOP responder) , an LL frame arrives at the AP (TXOP responder) for the non-AP STA2. the AP interrupts the non-AP STA1’s TXOP (on-going TXOP) to send its LL frame to the non-AP STA2.
[0062] Currently, TXOP sharing (TXS) is defined to allow an AP to allocate a portion of an obtained TXOP to one associated non-AP enhanced high throughput (EHT) STA for transmitting one or more non-trigger-based (TB) preamble and payload duration units (PPDUs) . In other words, an AP gives up its TXOP and gives it to a non-AP STA.
[0063] If a non-AP STA is given a TXOP from the AP, it has two options for frame transmission. As shown in FIG. 4A, it can send frame (s) back to the AP, which is referred to as TXOP sharing mode 1. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4B, it can send frame (s) to another non-AP STA, which is referred to as TXOP sharing mode 2.
[0064] Note that the TXOP sharing procedure uses a control frame, referred to as multi-user request to send TXS (i.e., modified version of MU-RTS) as shown in Table 1. Table 1 MU-RTS TXS frame to be used in TXOP sharing
[0065] Currently it is only agreed that a single AP shares its TXOP to a single non-AP STA. That is, a single AP can’ t share its TXOP with multiple non-AP STAs.
[0066] Although two solutions, TXOP preemption and TXOP sharing, offer two different methods for TXOP usage, from a high-level perspective, there is a similarity. Specifically, there is a designated TXOP holder. In the context of TXOP preemption, the TXOP holder can be either an AP or a non-AP STA. Conversely, under the TXOP sharing mechanism as defined in 802.11be, the TXOP holder is always the AP.
[0067] The distinction between these two solutions lies in the TXOP transfer. In TXOP sharing, as per 802.11be, the TXOP holder (AP) voluntarily gives its TXOP to a non-TXOP holder, which is a non-AP STA. This is a proactive decision by the TXOP holder (AP) to share its TXOP for specific reasons. In other words, the TXOP holder (AP) initiates the procedure. Conversely, in TXOP preemption, the TXOP is not given up voluntarily by the TXOP holder. Instead, the non-TXOP holder, acting as a responder, takes the TXOP from the current owner. In other words, the procedure is initiated by the non-TXOP holder / responder, not the TXOP holder.
[0068] Note that for simplicity, in the present disclosure, “TXOP holder” is used for the STA (non-AP STA or AP) who has the TXOP, and “non-TXOP holder” is used for the STA (non-AP STA or AP) who obtains TXOP from the TXOP holder by TXOP pre-emption or TXOP sharing procedure.
[0069] In both TXOP Sharing and TXOP Preemption, the non-TXOP holder can acquire the TXOP through either an initiative by the TXOP holder (in TXOP sharing) or by its own initiative (in TXOP preemption) . If the non-TXOP holder obtains the TXOP, it utilizes the acquired resources in two main dimensions, e.g., time resource and bandwidth (i.e., frequency) resource. The time resource may refer to a duration for which the non-TXOP holder can use the acquired TXOP (e.g., 2ms) . The bandwidth resource may refer to a frequency spectrum allocation associated with TXOP.
[0070] While the time resource is well-defined in both TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption proposals (e.g., specifying the exact duration the non-TXOP holder can use the TXOP) , the bandwidth resource has not been extensively addressed. This omission creates a gap in scenarios where bandwidth management is critical.
[0071] If the TXOP holder owns a TXOP, it typically operates over a specified bandwidth, such as 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz, 160MHz, or 320MHz. Currently, both TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption assume that if the non-TXOP holder obtains the TXOP, it automatically acquires the entire bandwidth associated with it, as shown in FIG. 5. To be more specific, if the TXOP holder has a TXOP over 40MHz, the non-TXOP holder acquires (via TXOP sharing or TXOP preemption) the entire bandwidth (40MHz) of the TXOP holder, thereby causing the TXOP holder to experience disrupted access to its own resources.
[0072] However, the approach of “full bandwidth transfer” may not be appropriate in all scenarios. For instance, the TXOP holder might still need to utilize a portion of the bandwidth for its own data transmission or allocate another portion of the bandwidth to other non-TXOP holders. Thus, allocating the entire bandwidth to the non-TXOP holder could result in inefficiencies or decreased performance for the TXOP holder. To address these challenges, an effective bandwidth allocation mechanism is necessary.
[0073] In accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for bandwidth allocation mechanism for TXOPs. This mechanism would allow the TXOP holder and the non-TXOP holder to negotiate or dynamically allocate bandwidth in a way that optimizes resource utilization. In the solution, a first apparatus (which may be a TXOP holder or a non-TXOP holder) in a WLAN transmits a first TXOP request for a partial bandwidth allocation to a second apparatus in the WLAN. The first TXOP request at least indicates a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus (for the TXOP holder) with the second apparatus or indicates the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus (for the non-TXOP holder) from the second apparatus. The first apparatus receives a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request from the second apparatus. The first TXOP response indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0074] By introducing such a mechanism of partial bandwidth allocation, the system could achieve better flexibility, fairness, and efficiency in bandwidth usage during TXOP sharing and preemption. For example, as depicted in FIG. 5, rather than transferring the full 40MHz bandwidth, the TXOP holder might choose to retain 20MHz for its own use while granting the remaining 20MHz to the non-TXOP holder.
[0075] To illustrate the concept of the proposed bandwidth allocation mechanism, reference is made to FIG. 6. In this scenario, the first apparatus 110 may be a TXOP holder (e.g., AP) of a bandwidth of 40 MHz, the second apparatus 120-1 may be a non-TXOP holder 1 (e.g., non-AP STA) , and the second apparatus 120-2 may be a non-TXOP holder 2 (e.g., further AP) . While the first apparatus 110 holds the TXOP, it begins transmitting 602 data to the second apparatus 120-1 (non-TXOP holder 1) . At a certain point, the TXOP is partially acquired-via TXOP sharing or TXOP preemption-by the second apparatus 120-2 (non-TXOP holder 2) , which obtains 20MHz of the bandwidth to transmit 606 data to its recipient (s) . Meanwhile, the remaining 20MHz continues to be utilized by the first apparatus 110 for transmitting 604 data to the second apparatus 120-1.
[0076] Once the second apparatus 120-2 finishes using the shared or preempted bandwidth portion of the TXOP, the full 40MHz bandwidth is restored to the first apparatus 110, allowing it to resume transmitting 608 data to the second apparatus 120-1 at the original bandwidth allocation until a time duration (also referred to as TXOP period) concludes. The time duration refers to the entire usable time of the bandwidth of 40MHz.
[0077] Example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 12.
[0078] With the introduction of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) in 802.11, the bandwidth allocation has become possible for both DL and UL transmissions. This allows an AP to allocate specific portions of its bandwidth to non-AP STAs for efficient data transmission in both directions. TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption are advanced features that enable the transfer of a TXOP from the current holder to a non-TXOP holder. In TXOP sharing, the transfer is initiated by the TXOP holder, while in TXOP preemption, the non-TXOP holder initiates the acquisition of the TXOP.
[0079] The proposed bandwidth allocation mechanism in the present disclosure builds on principles of OFDMA-based bandwidth allocation and incorporates the dynamics of TXOP sharing and preemption. This approach ensures flexible and efficient resource utilization by allowing partial bandwidth allocation during TXOP transitions. Given the nuanced differences between TXOP sharing and preemption, it is crucial to address their distinct characteristics, particularly in the context of bandwidth allocation.
[0080] Reference is now made to FIG. 7, which illustrates a signaling chart 700 of a partial bandwidth allocation in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the signaling chart 700 will be described with reference to FIG. 1, for example, taking the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120 as an example. The first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120 are located in a WLAN.
[0081] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may include or be included in a first AP or a first non-AP STA within the WLAN, and the second apparatus 120 may include or be included in a second AP or a second non-AP STA within the WLAN. In some examples, the first apparatus 110 may be implemented as the first AP, and a plurality of second apparatuses 120 may be implemented as a plurality of second non-AP STAs. If the first apparatus 110 holds a TXOP, it may give its TXOP to the plurality of second apparatuses 120. Alternatively, the first apparatus 110 may be implemented as the first AP, and the second apparatuses 120 may be implemented as the second AP. If the first apparatus 110 holds a TXOP, it may give its TXOP to the second apparatuses 120.
[0082] In some other examples, the first apparatus 110 may be implemented as the first non-AP STA, and the second apparatuses 120 may be implemented as the second non-AP STA. If the first apparatus 110 holds a TXOP, it may give its TXOP to the second apparatuses 120. Alternatively, the first apparatus 110 may be implemented as the first non-AP STA, and the second apparatuses (es) 120 may be implemented as the second AP (s) . If the first apparatus 110 holds a TXOP, it may give its TXOP to the second apparatuses (es) 120.
[0083] The above examples related to TXOP transfer can support multiple application scenarios without limiting the types of first and second apparatuses, thus extending the single application scenario defined in the 802.11be (i.e., where an AP gives its TXOP to a single non-AP STA) .
[0084] Referring to FIG. 7, the first apparatus 110 transmits 702 a first TXOP request for a partial bandwidth allocation to the second apparatus 120. The second apparatus 120 receives 704 the first TXOP request. The first TXOP request at least indicates a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus 110 with the second apparatus 120.
[0085] For example, the first apparatus 110 may be a TXOP holder in a TXOP sharing scenario, and the second apparatus 120 may be a non-TXOP holder in the TXOP sharing scenario. TXOP sharing may be initiated by the TXOP holder, starting with a frame sent to the non-TXOP holder to indicate that it can use the TXOP holder’s TXOP. For simplicity, this frame is referred to as a TXOP sharing request. When the TXOP holder decides to transfer its TXOP, it can specify partial bandwidth allocation in the TXOP sharing request. In this frame, the TXOP holder informs the non-TXOP holder about the portion of the bandwidth it is permitted to use.
[0086] In response to the first TXOP request, the second apparatus 120 transmits 706 a first TXOP response to the first apparatus 110. The first apparatus 110 receives 708 the first TXOP response from the second apparatus 120. The first TXOP response indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation. For example, the non-TXOP holder can accept, reject, or propose modifications to the partial bandwidth allocation specified by the TXOP holder by sending a TXOP sharing response.
[0087] FIG. 8 illustrates an example 800 of a partial bandwidth allocation scenario in TXOP sharing in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The first apparatus 110 may be a TXOP holder (e.g., AP) of a bandwidth of 40 MHz, and the second apparatuses 120-1 and 120-2 may be two non-TXOP holders (e.g., non-AP STA and further AP) . While the first apparatus 110 holds the TXOP, it begins transmitting 802 data to the second apparatus 120-1 (non-TXOP holder 1) . At a certain point, the TXOP is partially acquired by the second apparatus 120-2 (non-TXOP holder 2) via TXOP sharing request sent 804 by the first apparatus 110 (TXOP holder) . The second apparatus 120-2 transmits 806 a TXOP sharing response to the first apparatus 110 to confirm the acquirement of 20MHz of the bandwidth. Then, the second apparatus 120-2 transmits 810 data to its recipient (s) . Meanwhile, the remaining portion of bandwidth (i.e., 20MHz) continues to be utilized by the first apparatus 110 for transmitting 808 data to the second apparatus 120-1. Once the second apparatus 120-2 finishes using the shared bandwidth portion of the TXOP, the full bandwidth of 40MHz is restored to the first apparatus 110, allowing it to resume transmitting 812 data to the second apparatus 120-1 at the original bandwidth allocation until the time duration concludes.
[0088] The above discussion has outlined a TXOP sharing scenario, where the first TXOP request and subsequent response are specifically referred to as the TXOP sharing request and TXOP sharing response. Alternatively, the first TXOP request indicates the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus 110 from the second apparatus 120. For example, the first apparatus 110 may be a non-TXOP holder in a TXOP preemption scenario, and the second apparatus 120 may be a TXOP holder in the TXOP preemption scenario. TXOP preemption may be initiated by the non-TXOP holder, starting with a frame sent to the TXOP holder to indicate that it can use the TXOP holder’s TXOP. For simplicity, this frame is referred to as a TXOP preemption request. When the non-TXOP holder decides to take the TXOP, the partial bandwidth allocation can be specified in the TXOP preemption request sent by the non-TXOP holder. In this frame, the non-TXOP holder may request or ask the TXOP holder about the portion of the bandwidth it is permitted to use. Alternatively, the partial bandwidth allocation can be specified in the TXOP preemption response sent by the TXOP holder. In this frame, the TXOP holder informs the non-TXOP holder about the portion of the bandwidth it is permitted to use.
[0089] FIG. 9 illustrates an example 900 of a partial bandwidth allocation scenario in TXOP preemption in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The first apparatus 110 may be a TXOP holder (e.g., AP) , the second apparatuses 120-1 and 120-2 may be two non-TXOP holders (e.g., non-AP STA and further AP) . The first apparatus 110 initially holds a TXOP with a bandwidth of 40MHz. While the first apparatus 110 holds the TXOP, it begins transmitting 902 data to the second apparatus 120-1 (non-TXOP holder 1) . At a certain point, the TXOP preemption is initialized by the second apparatus 120-2 (non-TXOP holder 2) via TXOP preemption request sent 904 by the second apparatus 120-2 and the bandwidth is partially acquired by the second apparatus 120-2 (non-TXOP holder 2) via TXOP preemption response sent 906 by the first apparatus 110 (TXOP holder) . The second apparatus 120-2 obtains 20MHz of the bandwidth to transmit 910 data to its recipient (s) . Meanwhile, the remaining 20MHz continues to be utilized by the first apparatus 110 for transmitting 908 data to the second apparatus 120-1. Once the second apparatus 120-2 finishes using the shared or preempted bandwidth portion of the TXOP, the full bandwidth of 40MHz is restored to the first apparatus 110, allowing it to resume transmitting 912 data to the second apparatus 120-1 at the original bandwidth allocation until the time duration concludes.
[0090] The above discussion has outlined a TXOP preemption scenario, where the first TXOP request and subsequent response are specifically referred to as the TXOP preemption request and TXOP preemption response.
[0091] As mentioned above, in both TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption scenarios, the non-TXOP holder acquires the TXOP from the TXOP holder. In this regard, the TXOP holder can be either an AP or a non-AP STA. Similarly, the non-TXOP holder can also be an AP or a non-AP STA. In this way, applicability to various entities is implemented.
[0092] The proposed bandwidth allocation mechanism enables the bandwidth to be divided among multiple non-TXOP holders, with each acquiring a distinct portion from the TXOP holder, allowing simultaneous transmissions by several devices. As an example, if an AP is a TXOP holder, it can allocate its different portions of the bandwidth to several non-TXOP holders, such as, two non-AP STAs and one AP. In doing so, the AP, as the TXOP holder, can also keep some portions of its bandwidth to itself for data transmission. In this way, multiple non-TXOP holders are supported.
[0093] The examples depicted in FIGS. 8 and 9 assume acceptance of the partial bandwidth allocation through the first TXOP response. In some examples, the partial bandwidth allocation may not be agreed upon, negotiations may be initiated for a modified partial bandwidth allocation.
[0094] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may receive, from the second apparatus 120, the first TXOP response indicating the rejection or the modification to the partial bandwidth allocation. Then, the first apparatus 110 may transmit, to the second apparatus 120, a second TXOP request for a modified partial bandwidth allocation. The second TXOP request may indicate a first modified portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus 110 with the second apparatus 120. The first apparatus 110 may receive, from the second apparatus 120, a second TXOP response to the second TXOP request. The second TXOP response may indicate acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial bandwidth allocation. In this way, a negotiation regarding bandwidth allocation is initiated in a TXOP sharing scenario.
[0095] Alternatively, in response to receiving, from the second apparatus 120, the first TXOP response indicating the rejection or the modification to the partial bandwidth allocation, the first apparatus 110 may transmit, to the second apparatus 120, a second TXOP request for a modified partial bandwidth allocation. The second TXOP request may indicate the first modified portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus 110 from the second apparatus 120. The first apparatus 110 may receive, from the second apparatus 120, a second TXOP response to the second TXOP request. The second TXOP response may indicate acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial bandwidth allocation. In this way, a negotiation regarding bandwidth allocation is initiated in a TXOP preemption scenario.
[0096] In some example embodiments, the first TXOP request may further indicate a first portion of a time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus 110 with the second apparatus 120 or indicating the first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus 110 from the second apparatus 120. The bandwidth is occupied by a TXOP holder for the time duration. The first TXOP response may further indicate acceptance, rejection, or modification of a partial time allocation. In this way, the proposed bandwidth allocation mechanism complements overall bandwidth allocation by allowing varying time durations for non-TXOP holders to use their allocated bandwidth. This flexibility enables different portions of the overall bandwidth to be utilized for specific intervals, optimizing resource allocation based on each device’s needs.
[0097] There may be differences in the specifics of bandwidth and time allocation between TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption scenarios, which will be detailed below.
[0098] In some example embodiments, in the TXOP sharing scenario, the first apparatus 110 may be a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the second apparatus 120 may be a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the first TXOP request may include a TXOP sharing request for at least one of: the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus 110 with the second apparatus 120, or a partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration to for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus 110 with the second apparatus 120. The first TXOP response may include a TXOP sharing response to the first TXOP sharing request.
[0099] In some example embodiments, in the TXOP preemption scenario, the first apparatus 110 may be a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the second apparatus 120 may be a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the first TXOP request may include a TXOP preemption request for at least one of: the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus 110 from the second apparatus 120, or a partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus 110 from the second apparatus 120. The first TXOP response may include a TXOP preemption response to the TXOP preemption request.
[0100] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may transmit, to a third apparatus (e.g., second apparatus 120-3) , a third TXOP request for a further partial bandwidth allocation and / or for a further partial time allocation. The third TXOP request may at least indicate a second portion of a further bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the third apparatus for a second portion of a time duration, or the second portion of the further bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus 110 from the third apparatus for the second portion of a time duration. The first apparatus 110 may receive, from the third apparatus, a third TXOP response to the third TXOP request. The third TXOP response may indicate acceptance, rejection, or modification of the further partial bandwidth allocation and / or for the further partial time allocation. That is, the partial bandwidth and time resource can be allocated among the first apparatus 110, the second apparatus (e.g., second apparatus 120-1) , and the third apparatus (e.g., second apparatus 120-3) . In this way, multiple apparatuses in the WLAN can obtain the TXOP from the TXOP holder through TXOP sharing and / or TXOP preemption.
[0101] For example, if multiple second apparatuses 120 (non-TXOP holders) acquire a TXOP (via TXOP sharing or preemption) from the first apparatus 110 (TXOP holder) , each second apparatuses 120 can be assigned a specific time duration corresponding to its allocated bandwidth. For instance, if the first apparatus 110 has 80MHz of bandwidth, it may allocate 20MHz each to the second apparatuses 120-1 and 120-2 while retaining 40MHz for itself. In this case, the second apparatus 120-1 could use its 20MHz for 1ms, while the second apparatus 120-2 could use its 20MHz for 2ms, enabling efficient and flexible resource utilization.
[0102] In some example embodiments, in response to receiving, from the second apparatus 120, the first TXOP response indicating the rejection or the modification to the partial time allocation and the acceptance of the partial bandwidth allocation, the first apparatus 110 may transmit, to the second apparatus 120, a second TXOP request for a modified partial time allocation. The first apparatus 110 may receive a second TXOP response from the second apparatus 120. The second TXOP response may further indicate acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial time allocation. In this way, a negotiation regarding time resource allocation is initiated.
[0103] The following will provide some examples for negotiations regarding bandwidth and time resource allocation in the TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption scenarios.
[0104] In the TXOP sharing scenario, the second apparatus 120 (non-TXOP holder) may accept, reject, or propose modifications to the partial bandwidth and time allocation specified by the first apparatus 110 (TXOP holder) by sending the TXOP sharing response. For example, the first apparatus 110 holds a TXOP with a bandwidth of 80MHz for 5ms and transmits a TXOP sharing request for sharing 20MHz for 1ms. After receiving the TXOP sharing request, the second apparatus 120 may accept 20MHz for 1ms via a TXOP sharing response. For another example, the second apparatus 120 may only accept 20MHz but reject 1ms. In such a case, the first apparatus 110 may send another TXOP sharing request with a new partial time allocation (e.g. 0.5ms) . Alternatively, the second apparatus 120 may propose modification to the partial time allocation (e.g. 0.5ms) in the TXOP sharing response sent to the first apparatus 110.
[0105] In a further example, the second apparatus 120 may only accept 1ms but reject 20MHz. In such a case, the first apparatus 110 may send another TXOP sharing request with a new partial bandwidth allocation (e.g. 40MHz) . Alternatively, the second apparatus 120 may propose modification to the partial bandwidth allocation (e.g. 40MHz) in the TXOP sharing response sent to the first apparatus 110.
[0106] In still a further example, the second apparatus 120 may reject both 20MHz and 1ms. In such a case, the first apparatus 110 may send another TXOP sharing request with a new partial bandwidth and time allocation (e.g. 40MHz for 2ms) . Alternatively, the second apparatus 120 may propose modification to the partial bandwidth and time allocation (e.g. 40MHz for 2ms) in the TXOP sharing response sent to the first apparatus 110.
[0107] In the TXOP sharing scenario described above, the first apparatus 110 may be the TXOP holder of the bandwidth for the time duration, and the second apparatus 120 (e.g., second apparatus 120-1) may be the non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth. In some example embodiments, in response to receiving, from the second apparatus 120-1, a TXOP sharing response indicating acceptance of the partial bandwidth allocation and acceptance of the partial time allocation, the first apparatus 110 may transmit, to a fourth apparatus (e.g., second apparatus 120-4) which is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, data over the first portion of the bandwidth after the first portion of the time duration and before an end of the time duration. The first apparatus 110 may transmit, to a fifth apparatus (e.g., second apparatus 120-5) which is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, data over a second portion of the bandwidth for the first portion of the time duration. The second portion of the bandwidth may be different from the first portion of the bandwidth. In other words, after the allocation of the partial bandwidth and time resource, the first apparatus 110 may transmit data to different apparatuses over different portions of the bandwidth for different portions of the time duration. Alternatively, the fourth apparatus may be the same as the fifth apparatus.
[0108] In some example embodiments, in the TXOP sharing scenario described above, the first apparatus 110 may receive, from a sixth apparatus (e.g., second apparatus 120-6) which is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, a TXOP preemption request for a further partial bandwidth allocation. The TXOP preemption request may indicate a third portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the sixth apparatus from the first apparatus 110. The first apparatus 110 may transmit, to the sixth apparatus, a TXOP preemption response to the TXOP preemption request. The TXOP preemption response may indicate acceptance, rejection, or modification of the further partial bandwidth allocation. In other words, after sharing the partial bandwidth and time resource with one or more apparatuses, the first apparatus 110 may further receive a TXOP preemption request from the sixth apparatus and give the further partial bandwidth and time resource to the sixth apparatus. Alternatively, the sixth apparatus may be the same as the fourth apparatus or the fifth apparatus.
[0109] In the TXOP preemption scenario, the second apparatus 120 (TXOP holder) may accept, reject, or propose modifications to the partial bandwidth and time allocation specified by the first apparatus 110 (non-TXOP holder) via a TXOP preemption response. For example, the second apparatus 120 holds a TXOP with a bandwidth of 80MHz for 5ms, and the first apparatus 110 transmits a TXOP preemption request for preempting 20MHz for 1ms. After receiving the TXOP preemption request, the second apparatus 120 may accept 20MHz for 1ms via a TXOP preemption response. For another example, the second apparatus 120 may only accept 20MHz but reject 1ms. In such a case, the first apparatus 110 may send another TXOP preemption request with a new partial time allocation (e.g. 0.5ms) . Alternatively, the second apparatus 120 may propose modification to the partial time allocation (e.g. 0.5ms) in the TXOP preemption response sent to the first apparatus 110.
[0110] In a further example, the second apparatus 120 may only accept 1ms but reject 20MHz. In such a case, the first apparatus 110 may send another TXOP preemption request with a new partial bandwidth allocation (e.g. 40MHz) . Alternatively, the second apparatus 120 may propose modification to the partial bandwidth allocation (e.g. 40MHz) in the TXOP preemption response sent to the first apparatus 110.
[0111] In still a further example, the second apparatus 120 may reject both 20MHz and 1ms. In such a case, the first apparatus 110 may send another TXOP preemption request with a new partial bandwidth and time allocation (e.g. 40MHz for 2ms) . Alternatively, the second apparatus 120 may propose modification to the partial bandwidth and time allocation (e.g. 40MHz for 2ms) in the TXOP preemption response sent to the first apparatus 110.
[0112] In the TXOP preemption scenario described above, the first apparatus 110 may be a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the second apparatus 120 (e.g., second apparatus 120-1) may be a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration. In some example embodiments, in response to receiving, from the second apparatus 120-1, the TXOP preemption response indicating acceptance of the partial bandwidth allocation and the partial time allocation, the first apparatus 110 may transmit, to a seventh apparatus (e.g., second apparatus 120-7) which is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, data over the first portion of the bandwidth for the first portion of the time duration. Based on expiry of the first portion of the time duration, the first apparatus 110 may stop the transmission to the seventh apparatus over the first portion of the bandwidth. In other words, the first apparatus 110 may only utilize the partial bandwidth resource for the specified portion of the time duration.
[0113] The above has described various examples in the TXOP sharing scenario or TXOP preemption scenario. As mentioned, the TXOP holder can give its TXOP to multiple apparatuses through TXOP sharing and / or preemption. The following will provide an overall example with reference to FIG. 10, which illustrates an example 1000 of a partial bandwidth and time allocation for TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 1000 involves the first apparatus 110 (TXOP holder, e.g., AP) , the second apparatus 120-1 (non-TXOP holder, e.g. non-AP STA) , the second apparatus 120-2 (non-TXOP holder, e.g., non-AP STA) , and the second apparatus 120-3 (non-TXOP holder, e.g., AP) .
[0114] The first apparatus 110 initially gains access to a channel with a TXOP of a bandwidth of 80MHz for 5ms. To share its TXOP, the first apparatus 110 sends 1002 a TXOP sharing request to the second apparatus 120-2 and the second apparatus 120-3, allocating 20MHz and 2ms to the second apparatus 120-2 and 40MHz and 3ms to the second apparatus 120-3. Upon receiving the TXOP sharing request, the second apparatus 120-2 replies 1004 a TXOP sharing response indicating acceptance of 20MHz for 2ms, and the second apparatus 120-3 replies 1008 a TXOP sharing response indicating acceptance of 40MHz for 3ms. Therefore, the second apparatus 120-2 acquires the TXOP and utilizes the allocated bandwidth and time resource to transmit 1006 data to its recipient (s) , and the second apparatus 120-3 acquires the TXOP and utilizes the allocated bandwidth and time resource to transmit 1010 data to its recipient (s) . During this time (2ms or 3ms) , the first apparatus 110 retains 1012 20MHz to send data to the second apparatus 120-1 for 1ms.
[0115] After the completion of transmission from the first apparatus 110 to the second apparatus 120-1, the second apparatus 120-1 initiates 1014 a TXOP preemption request with 20MHz for 1ms to the first apparatus 110 to acquire part of the TXOP. In response, the first apparatus 110 sends 1016 a TXOP preemption response indicating acceptance of the partial bandwidth and time resource allocation. This enables the second apparatus 120-1 to transmit 1018 data back to the first apparatus 110 using the allocated bandwidth and time resources, i.e., 20MHz for 1ms.
[0116] The example 1000 illustrates dynamic bandwidth and time allocation through the TXOP sharing and preemption, enabling efficient and concurrent data transmissions across multiple apparatuses.
[0117] As mentioned above, the partial bandwidth and time allocation can be specified via the TXOP sharing request or the TXOP sharing response in the TXOP sharing scenario or via the TXOP preemption request or the TXOP preemption response in the TXOP preemption scenario.
[0118] In some example embodiments, the first TXOP request (e.g., TXOP sharing request or TXOP preemption request) may include an MAC layer frame (e.g., control, management or data frame) or a PHY layer frame. Alternatively, or additionally, the first TXOP response (e.g., TXOP sharing response or TXOP preemption response) may include an MAC layer frame or a PHY layer frame.
[0119] In some example embodiments, in addition to indicating the partial bandwidth and time allocation and acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth and time allocation, the first TXOP request may further indicate user information (e.g., MAC address, identifier of AP, or identifier of non-AP STA) of the first apparatus 110 and the first TXOP response may further indicate user information of the second apparatus 120.
[0120] Therefore, a general frame format can be defined for the partial bandwidth and time allocation as shown in FIG. 11, which illustrates an example frame format 1100 for a partial bandwidth allocation for the first TXOP request or response in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The first TXOP request may include an MAC layer frame with an MAC layer frame header and an MAC layer frame payload or a PHY layer frame with a PHY layer frame header and PHY layer frame payload. Similarly, the first TXOP response may include an MAC layer frame with an MAC layer frame header and an MAC layer frame payload or a PHY layer frame with a PHY layer frame header and PHY layer frame payload.
[0121] Both MAC layer frame and PHY layer frame may include user information, the partial bandwidth allocation, the partial time allocation and acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth and time allocation.
[0122] The user information may contain information about one or more non-TXOP holders that take a TXOP from the TXOP holder through TXOP sharing or preemption. The partial bandwidth allocation may contain information about the size and the location of the bandwidth to be used by the non-TXOP holder through TXOP sharing or preemption. The partial time allocation may contain information about the time resource allocated to the non-TXOP holder to use the TXOP through TXOP sharing or preemption. The acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth and time allocation contains whether the partial bandwidth allocation along with time allocation is accepted, rejected, or proposed modifications.
[0123] For simplicity and efficiency, control frames are well-suited for the operations. Specifically, trigger frames and their response frames, a type of control frame, are highly applicable for bandwidth allocation and serve as a strong candidate for the TXOP sharing request / response or TXOP preemption request / response process. In some example embodiments, the MAC layer frame for the first TXOP request may include a MU-RTS TXOP sharing frame or a MU-RTS TXOP preemption frame, and the MAC layer frame for the first TXOP response may include a multi-station block acknowledgment frame.
[0124] FIG. 12A illustrates an example 1200A of a TXOP sharing request in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example 1200A involves a TXOP holder (not shown) , a non-TXOP holder 1, and a non-TXOP holder 2. The TXOP holder has 80MHz bandwidth and wants to share 40MHz with the non-TXOP holder 1 for 1ms and share 20MHz with the non-TXOP holder 2 for 2ms, an MU-RTS sharing frame can be constructed as follows.
[0125] Referring to Table 1 shown above, TXS Mode = 3 (reserved) in common info field of MU-RTS frame can be used to indicate that TXOP sharing request is intended for the TXOP holder to share its TXOP to the non-TXOP holder 1 and the non-TXOP holder 2. The description of TXS Mode 3 may indicate MU-RTS that initiates TXS procedure, where a scheduled STA and AP can transmit mac protocol data unit (s) (MPDU (s) ) . In the user info, the first user info field includes an identifier of non-AP STA, 40MHz RU allocation for the partial bandwidth allocation and 1ms allocation duration for the partial time allocation. The second user info field includes an identifier of AP, 20MHz RU allocation for the partial bandwidth allocation and 2ms allocation duration for the partial time allocation.
[0126] Upon receiving the TXOP sharing request, each non-TXOP holder may send multi-station block acknowledgment frame, indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification in the “Feedback” field, as shown in FIG. 12B.
[0127] In view of the above, the present disclosure proposes a novel bandwidth allocation mechanism for use in TXOP sharing and TXOP preemption scenarios. The proposed approach addresses the limitations of the current methods, where the non-TXOP holder automatically gains access to the entire bandwidth of the TXOP holder. Instead, this mechanism enables the non-TXOP holder to acquire partial bandwidth access, allowing both the TXOP holder and the non-TXOP holder to simultaneously transmit data to their respective recipients. By partitioning the bandwidth, this solution ensures more efficient and flexible resource utilization. Furthermore, the flexible partial bandwidth and time allocation can be implemented. The time duration for which a non-TXOP holder can use its allocated bandwidth can vary. This flexibility allows different portions of the bandwidth to be utilized for different time intervals, optimizing resource allocation based on the specific needs of each device.
[0128] By enabling simultaneous data transmissions through bandwidth partitioning, the allocation mechanism reduces idle resource time and maximizes overall throughput. Both TXOP holders and non-TXOP holders can share resources dynamically, preventing one entity from monopolizing bandwidth and improving fairness.
[0129] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart of an example method 1300 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1300 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.
[0130] At block 1310, the first apparatus 110 transmits, to a second apparatus in the WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus.
[0131] At block 1320, the first apparatus 110 receives, from the second apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0132] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: in response to receiving, from the second apparatus, the first TXOP response indicating the rejection or the modification to the partial bandwidth allocation, transmitting, to the second apparatus, a second TXOP request for a modified partial bandwidth allocation, wherein the second TXOP request indicates a first modified portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first modified portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and receiving, from the second apparatus, a second TXOP response to the second TXOP request, the second TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial bandwidth allocation.
[0133] In some example embodiments, the first TXOP request further indicates a first portion of a time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, and the bandwidth is occupied by a TXOP holder for the time duration; and the first TXOP response further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of a partial time allocation.
[0134] In some example embodiments, a second TXOP request transmitted to the second apparatus further indicates a first modified portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicates the first modified portion of the time duration for which to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and a second TXOP response received from the second apparatus to the second TXOP request further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial time allocation.
[0135] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: transmitting, to a third apparatus, a third TXOP request for a further partial bandwidth allocation and / or for a further partial time allocation, the third TXOP request at least indicates a second portion of a further bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the third apparatus for a second portion of a time duration, or the second portion of the further bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the third apparatus for the second portion of a time duration; and receiving, from the third apparatus, a third TXOP response to the third TXOP request, the third TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the further partial bandwidth allocation and / or for the further partial time allocation.
[0136] In some example embodiments, at least one of the first TXOP request or the first TXOP response comprises a MAC layer frame or a PHY layer frame.
[0137] In some example embodiments, the MAC layer frame for the first TXOP request comprises a MU-RTS TXOP sharing frame or a MU-RTS TXOP preemption frame, and the MAC layer frame for the first TXOP response comprises a multi-station block acknowledgment frame.
[0138] In some example embodiments, the first TXOP request further indicates user information of the first apparatus, and the first TXOP response further indicates user information of the second apparatus.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the second apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP sharing request for at least one of:the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, or a partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration to for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, and the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP sharing response to the first TXOP sharing request.
[0140] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the second apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP preemption request for at least one of: the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, or a partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, and the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP preemption response to the TXOP preemption request.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises or is comprised in a first access point or a first non-access point station within the WLAN, and the second apparatus comprises or is comprised in a second access point or a second non-access point station within the WLAN.
[0142] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart of an example method 1400 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1400 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.
[0143] At block 1410, the second apparatus 120 receives, from a first apparatus in the WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus.
[0144] At block 1420, the second apparatus 120 transmits, to the first apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0145] In some example embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises: in response to transmitting, to the first apparatus, the first TXOP response indicating the rejection or the modification to the partial bandwidth allocation, receive, from the first apparatus, a second TXOP request for a modified partial bandwidth allocation, the second TXOP request indicates a first modified portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first modified portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and transmitting, to the first apparatus, a second TXOP response to the second TXOP request, the second TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial bandwidth allocation.
[0146] In some example embodiments, the first TXOP request is further for a partial time allocation and further indicates a first portion of a time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, and the bandwidth is occupied by a TXOP holder for the time duration; and the first TXOP response further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of a partial time allocation.
[0147] In some example embodiments, a second TXOP request received from the first apparatus further indicates a first modified portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicates the first modified portion of the time duration for which to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and a second TXOP response transmitted to the first apparatus to the second TXOP request further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial time allocation.
[0148] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the second apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP sharing request for at least one of: the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, or a partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration to for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, and the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP sharing response to the first TXOP sharing request.
[0149] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the second apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP preemption request for at least one of: the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, or a partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, and the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP preemption response to the TXOP preemption request.
[0150] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1300 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1300. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.
[0151] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a second apparatus in the WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0152] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1400 (for example, the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.
[0153] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first apparatus in the WLAN, a first TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; and means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.
[0154] FIG. 15 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1500 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1500 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first apparatus 110 or the second apparatus 120 as shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 1500 includes one or more processors 1510, one or more memories 1520 coupled to the processor 1510, and one or more communication modules 1540 coupled to the processor 1510.
[0155] The communication module 1540 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 1540 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 1540 may include at least one antenna.
[0156] The processor 1510 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1500 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0157] The memory 1520 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 1524, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random-access memory (RAM) 1522 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0158] A computer program 1530 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 1510. The instructions of the program 1530 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 1530 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 1524. The processor 1510 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 1530 into the RAM 1522.
[0159] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 1530 so that the device 1500 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIGS. 6 to FIG. 14. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0160] In some example embodiments, the program 1530 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 1500 (such as in the memory 1520) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 1500. The device 1500 may load the program 1530 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 1522 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0161] FIG. 16 shows an example of the computer readable medium 1600 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 1600 has the program 1530 stored thereon.
[0162] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0163] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0164] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0165] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0166] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0167] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0168] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus in a wireless local area network, WLAN, at least to:transmit, to a second apparatus in the WLAN, a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andreceive, from the second apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:in response to receiving, from the second apparatus, the first TXOP response indicating the rejection or the modification to the partial bandwidth allocation, transmit, to the second apparatus, a second TXOP request for a modified partial bandwidth allocation, wherein the second TXOP request indicates a first modified portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first modified portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andreceive, from the second apparatus, a second TXOP response to the second TXOP request, the second TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial bandwidth allocation.3.The first apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first TXOP request further indicates a first portion of a time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, and wherein the bandwidth is occupied by a TXOP holder for the time duration; andwherein the first TXOP response further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of a partial time allocation.4.The first apparatus of claim 3, wherein a second TXOP request transmitted to the second apparatus further indicates a first modified portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicates the first modified portion of the time duration for which to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andwherein a second TXOP response received from the second apparatus to the second TXOP request further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial time allocation.5.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:transmit, to a third apparatus, a third TXOP request for a further partial bandwidth allocation and / or for a further partial time allocation, wherein the third TXOP request at least indicates a second portion of a further bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the third apparatus for a second portion of a time duration, or the second portion of the further bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the third apparatus for the second portion of a time duration; andreceive, from the third apparatus, a third TXOP response to the third TXOP request, the third TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the further partial bandwidth allocation and / or for the further partial time allocation.6.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one of the first TXOP request or the first TXOP response comprises a medium access control, MAC, layer frame or a physical, PHY, layer frame.7.The first apparatus of claim 6, wherein the MAC layer frame for the first TXOP request comprises a multi-user request to send, MU-RTS, TXOP sharing frame or a MU-RTS TXOP preemption frame, andwherein the MAC layer frame for the first TXOP response comprises a multi-station block acknowledgment frame.8.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first TXOP request further indicates user information of the first apparatus, andwherein the first TXOP response further indicates user information of the second apparatus.9.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the second apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, andwherein the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP sharing request for at least one of:the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, ora partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration to for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, andwherein the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP sharing response to the first TXOP sharing request.10.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the second apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, andwherein the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP preemption request for at least one of:the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, ora partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, andwherein the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP preemption response to the TXOP preemption request.11.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first apparatus comprises or is comprised in a first access point or a first non-access point station within the WLAN, andwherein the second apparatus comprises or is comprised in a second access point or a second non-access point station within the WLAN.12.A second apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus in a wireless local area network, WLAN, at least to:receive, from a first apparatus in the WLAN, a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andtransmit, to the first apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.13.The second apparatus of claim 12, wherein the second apparatus is further caused to:in response to transmitting, to the first apparatus, the first TXOP response indicating the rejection or the modification to the partial bandwidth allocation, receive, from the first apparatus, a second TXOP request for a modified partial bandwidth allocation, wherein the second TXOP request indicates a first modified portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first modified portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andtransmit, to the first apparatus, a second TXOP response to the second TXOP request, the second TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial bandwidth allocation.14.The second apparatus of claim 12 or 13, wherein the first TXOP request is further for a partial time allocation and further indicates a first portion of a time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, and wherein the bandwidth is occupied by a TXOP holder for the time duration; andwherein the first TXOP response further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of a partial time allocation.15.The second apparatus of claim 14, wherein a second TXOP request received from the first apparatus further indicates a first modified portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicates the first modified portion of the time duration for which to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andwherein a second TXOP response transmitted to the first apparatus to the second TXOP request further indicates acceptance, rejection, or modification of the modified partial time allocation.16.The second apparatus of any of claims 12 to 15, wherein the first apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, and the second apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, andwherein the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP sharing request for at least one of:the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, ora partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration to for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus, andwherein the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP sharing response to the first TXOP sharing request.17.The second apparatus of any of claims 12 to 15, wherein the first apparatus is a non-TXOP holder of the bandwidth, and the second apparatus is a TXOP holder of the bandwidth for a time duration, andwherein the first TXOP request comprises a TXOP preemption request for at least one of:the partial bandwidth allocation indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, ora partial time allocation indicating a first portion of the time duration for which the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus, andwherein the first TXOP response comprises a TXOP preemption response to the TXOP preemption request.18.A method comprising:transmitting, to a second apparatus in a wireless local area network, WLAN, a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andreceiving, from the second apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.19.A method comprising:receiving, from a first apparatus in a wireless local area network, WLAN, a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, request for a partial bandwidth allocation, the first TXOP request at least indicating a first portion of a bandwidth to be shared from the first apparatus with the second apparatus or indicating the first portion of the bandwidth to be preempted by the first apparatus from the second apparatus; andtransmitting, to the first apparatus, a first TXOP response to the first TXOP request, the first TXOP response indicating acceptance, rejection, or modification of the partial bandwidth allocation.20.A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of claim 18 or the method of claim 19.