Display panel, preparation method therefor, and display apparatus

Abstract

A display panel, comprising a substrate, a pixel definition layer, light-emitting devices, a light shielding layer, a first planarization layer and at least one lens; the pixel definition layer is disposed on one side of the substrate, and the pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of pixel openings; the light-emitting devices are disposed in the pixel openings; the light shielding layer is disposed on the side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate, and the light shielding layer is provided with a first opening; in an orthographic projection on the substrate, at least one light-emitting device and the first opening at least partially overlap; the first planarization layer is disposed on the side of the light shielding layer away from the substrate; the at least one lens is disposed on the side of the light shielding layer away from the substrate; the orthographic projection of the lens on the substrate and the orthographic projection of at least one light-emitting device on the substrate at least partially overlap; the lens is tangent to or fitted to the plane of the first planarization layer away from the substrate, or the lens is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer away from the substrate.

Description

Display panel and its manufacturing method, display device Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel, a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of display technology, display devices have gradually become ubiquitous in people's lives. Among them, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are widely used in smart products such as mobile phones, televisions, laptops, and automotive displays due to their advantages such as self-illumination, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, fast response speed, high contrast, and flexible display. Summary of the Invention

[0003] On one hand, a display panel is provided. The display panel includes a substrate, a pixel defining layer, a light-emitting device, a light-shielding layer, a first planarization layer, and at least one lens. The pixel defining layer is disposed on one side of the substrate. The pixel defining layer has a plurality of pixel openings. The light-emitting device is disposed in the pixel opening. The light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate. The light-shielding layer has a first opening, and in its orthographic projection onto the substrate, at least one of the light-emitting devices at least partially overlaps with the first opening. The first planarization layer is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate. The at least one lens is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate. Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the lens onto the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least one of the light-emitting devices onto the substrate. The lens is tangent to or attached to the plane of the first planarization layer away from the substrate, or the lens is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer away from the substrate.

[0004] In some embodiments, at least one of the lenses has a first cross-section comprising a first arc and a second arc, the two ends of the first arc and the second arc being connected, and the first arc being located on the side of the second arc closer to the substrate. The first cross-section is a cross-section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

[0005] In some embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the first arc to the arch height of the first arc is 3 to 6. And / or, the ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the second arc to the arch height of the second arc is 3 to 6.

[0006] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the arch height of the first arc and the arch height of the second arc is less than or equal to 1 μm.

[0007] In some embodiments, at least one of the lens's first cross-sections includes a first straight line, a third arc, a first connecting line, and a second connecting line. The first straight line and the third arc are disposed opposite to each other. The first straight line is located on the side of the third arc closer to the substrate, and the third arc arches away from the substrate. The two ends of the first straight line are connected to the two ends of the third arc via the first connecting line and the second connecting line, respectively. The first cross-section is a cross-section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

[0008] In some embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the third arc to the arch height of the third arc is 3 to 6. And / or, the ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the third arc to a first distance is 3 to 6, where the first distance is the distance between the line connecting the two endpoints of the third arc and the first straight line.

[0009] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the arch height of the third arc and the first distance is less than or equal to 1 μm, and the first distance is the distance between the line connecting the two endpoints of the first arc and the first straight line.

[0010] In some embodiments, at least one of the lens's first cross-sections includes a fourth straight line, a fifth straight line, a third connecting line, and a fourth connecting line. The fourth straight line and the fifth straight line are disposed opposite each other, with the fourth straight line located on the side of the fifth straight line closer to the substrate, and the length of the fourth straight line being greater than the length of the fifth straight line. The two ends of the fourth straight line are connected to the two ends of the fifth straight line via the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line, respectively. The first cross-section is a cross-section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the difference between the length of the fourth line and the length of the fifth line is 4 μm to 6 μm.

[0012] In some embodiments, the distance between the fourth line and the fifth line is 4 μm to 6 μm.

[0013] In some embodiments, at least one of the lens's first cross-sections includes a tenth arc, an eighth straight line, an eleventh arc, and a twelfth arc. The tenth arc and the eighth straight line are arranged opposite each other. The eighth straight line is located on the side of the tenth arc closer to the substrate. The tenth arc arches towards the substrate, and the length of the eighth straight line is less than the distance between the two endpoints of the tenth arc. The two ends of the tenth arc are connected to the two ends of the eighth straight line through the eleventh and twelfth arcs, respectively. The first cross-section is a cross-section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the difference between the distance between the two endpoints of the tenth arc and the distance between the eighth straight line is 2 μm to 7 μm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the tenth arc to the arch height of the tenth arc is 5 to 15.

[0016] In some embodiments, the shape of the first cross section of at least one of the lenses is rectangular.

[0017] In some embodiments, the lens portion is embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer away from the substrate, and the depth to which the lens is embedded in the first planarization layer is less than or equal to 2 μm.

[0018] In some embodiments, a groove is formed on the surface of the first planar layer away from the substrate 10, and a portion of the lens is located in the groove; the shape of the groove in the cross section perpendicular to the plane where the substrate is located is any one of an arc shape, a rectangle, a regular trapezoid, and an inverted trapezoid.

[0019] In some embodiments, the display panel includes a shared sub-pixel and a privacy sub-pixel, the shared sub-pixel being disposed on the substrate. The shared sub-pixel includes the light-emitting device. The privacy sub-pixel is disposed on the substrate. The privacy sub-pixel includes the light-emitting device, and a lens is disposed on the side of the privacy sub-pixel's light-emitting device away from the substrate, the orthographic projection of the lens onto the substrate overlapping the orthographic projection of the privacy sub-pixel's light-emitting device onto the substrate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the display panel includes a plurality of lenses, including a first lens and a second lens. At a first preset viewing angle, the brightness of the light transmitted through the first lens is less than the brightness of the light transmitted through the second lens. The first preset viewing angle is 30° to 50°.

[0021] On the other hand, a display device is provided. The display device includes a display panel and a circuit board, wherein the display panel is the display panel as described in any of the above embodiments, and the circuit board is connected to the display panel.

[0022] In another aspect, a method for manufacturing a display panel is provided. The method for manufacturing a display panel is used to manufacture a display panel as described in any of the above embodiments. The method includes: forming a pixel defining layer on one side of a substrate; the pixel defining layer having a plurality of pixel openings; forming a light-emitting device; the light-emitting device being disposed in the pixel openings; forming a light-shielding layer; the light-shielding layer being disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate; the light-shielding layer having a first opening, and in a projected orthographic projection onto the substrate, at least one of the light-emitting devices at least partially overlaps with the first opening; forming a first planarization layer; the first planarization layer being disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the light-emitting device; forming at least one lens; the at least one lens being disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate; and the orthographic projection of the lens onto the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least one of the light-emitting devices onto the substrate; the lens being tangent to or attached to the plane of the first planarization layer away from the substrate, or the lens being partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer away from the substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. In addition, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual size of the product, the actual flow of the method, the actual timing of the signals, etc. involved in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a display device according to some embodiments;

[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along section line AA' in Figure 1;

[0026] Figure 3A is a top view of a display panel according to some embodiments;

[0027] Figure 3B is a top view of a display panel according to some embodiments;

[0028] Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0029] Figure 4B is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0030] Figure 5 is a top view of the pixel delimiting layer of a display panel according to some embodiments;

[0031] Figure 6 is a top view of another display panel according to some embodiments;

[0032] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a lens according to some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 8 is a front view of the lens shown in Figure 7;

[0034] Figure 9 shows the simulation results of the brightness decay of the display panel shown in Figures 4A and 4B;

[0035] Figure 10A is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0036] Figure 10B is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0037] Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another lens according to some embodiments;

[0038] Figure 12 is a front view of the lens shown in Figure 11;

[0039] Figure 13 shows the simulation results of the brightness decay of the display panel shown in Figures 10A and 10B;

[0040] Figure 14A is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0041] Figure 14B is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0042] Figure 15 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another lens according to some embodiments;

[0043] Figure 16 is a front view of the lens shown in Figure 15;

[0044] Figure 17 shows the simulation results of the brightness decay of the display panel shown in Figures 14A and 14B.

[0045] Figure 18A is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0046] Figure 18B is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0047] Figure 19 is a front view of yet another lens according to some embodiments;

[0048] Figure 20 shows the simulation results of the brightness decay of the display panel shown in Figure 18A;

[0049] Figure 21A is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0050] Figure 21B is another sectional view along section line BB' in Figure 3A;

[0051] Figure 22 is a front view of yet another lens according to some embodiments;

[0052] Figure 23 shows the simulation results of the brightness decay of the display panel shown in Figure 21A;

[0053] Figure 24 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this disclosure are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0055] In this disclosure, the meanings of “on,” “above,” and “above” should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense, such that “on” means not only “directly on” something, but also includes “on” something with intermediate features or layers in between, and “above” or “above” means not only “above” or “above” something, but also “above” or “above” something without intermediate features or layers in between (i.e., directly on something).

[0056] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" and its other forms, such as the third-person singular "comprises" and the present participle "comprising," are interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0058] In describing some embodiments, the term "connection" and its derivative expressions may be used. The term "connection" should be interpreted broadly; for example, "connection" can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms herein based on the specific circumstances.

[0059] "At least one of A, B and C" has the same meaning as "at least one of A, B or C", both including the following combinations of A, B and C: only A, only B, only C, combinations of A and B, combinations of A and C, combinations of B and C, and combinations of A, B and C.

[0060] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0061] As used herein, “vertical” includes the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “vertical” includes absolute verticality and approximate verticality, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate verticality could, for example, be within 5°.

[0062] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can mean that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or that there is an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0063] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Thus, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. For example, etched regions shown as rectangular would typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the regions of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0064] The term "relative" means that the first element can be directly or indirectly relative to the second element. In the case where the third element is between the first and second elements, although they are still relative to each other, the first and second elements can be understood as being indirectly relative to each other.

[0065] As shown in FIG1, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device 1000, which can be any device that displays images, whether moving (e.g., video) or fixed (e.g., still images) and whether it is text or images.

[0066] For example, referring to Figure 1, the display device 1000 can be any product or component with display function, such as a television, laptop computer, tablet computer, mobile phone, in-vehicle display, in-flight display, personal digital assistant (PDA), navigator, wearable device, virtual reality (VR) device, signboard, electronic billboard, and shopping mall display. For instance, the display device 1000 can be the in-vehicle display shown in Figure 1, which can be any of the following: instrument panel, central control screen, passenger screen, or a long strip screen combining the three.

[0067] It should be noted that, depending on the application scenario, the display device 1000 can be a flat display device, a curved display device, or a foldable display device, and the shape of the display surface of the display device 1000 can be any of the following: circular, elliptical, polygonal, or irregular shape.

[0068] In this article, "circular or elliptical" includes shapes that are generally circular or elliptical, but is not limited to standard circular or elliptical shapes. That is, "circular or elliptical" here includes not only basic circular or elliptical shapes, but also shapes that resemble circles or ellipses. For example, "circular or elliptical" includes not only curves with uniform curvature, but also smooth curves; that is, a circular or elliptical shape can include multiple connected broken line segments that approximate an arc shape.

[0069] In this article, "polygon" includes shapes that are polygonal in general, but is not limited to standard polygons. That is, "polygon" here includes not only the shape of a basic polygon, but also shapes that resemble polygons, such as a polygon whose two adjacent sides are curved at each intersection (i.e., at a corner), that is, the corner is smooth and the shape is a rounded polygon.

[0070] The display device 1000 described above includes various types, which can be selected and configured according to actual needs. Exemplarily, the display device 1000 can be any of the following: a light-emitting diode (LED) display device, a mini LED (or micro LED) display device, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display device, a tank OLED, or a quantum dot OLED display device. This disclosure does not specifically limit the type of display device. In some embodiments, referring to FIG2, the display device 1000 includes a display panel 100, which may include, for example, a display side 100A and a non-display side 100B disposed opposite to each other. The display side 100A refers to the side of the display panel 100 where the image is displayed, and the non-display side 100B refers to the side opposite to the display side.

[0071] The following uses an OLED display panel as an example to illustrate some embodiments of this disclosure. However, the implementation of this disclosure is not limited to this, and any other display panel can be considered as long as the same technical concept is applied.

[0072] Referring to Figure 2, the display device 1000 may further include a housing 200, a cover plate 300, a circuit board 400, and other electronic components (such as a touch chip). The display panel 100 and the circuit board 400 are connected to provide display signals to the display panel 100. Furthermore, the housing 200 and the cover plate 300 are connected to form a receiving cavity, within which the display panel 100 and the circuit board 400 may be disposed. Of course, the display device 1000 may also omit the cover plate 300; this embodiment does not specifically limit its implementation.

[0073] For example, as shown in FIG2, the housing 200 can be a box-shaped structure with an opening. The cover plate 300 is disposed on the display side 100A of the display panel 100 and located at the opening of the housing 200. The display panel 100 and the circuit board 400 can be disposed inside the housing 200. The circuit board 400 can be bound to the end of the display panel 100 and bent to the non-display side 100B of the display panel 100 to reduce the bezel of the display device 1000 and increase the screen-to-body ratio.

[0074] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the display panel 100 includes a display area AA and a peripheral area BB disposed on at least one side of the display area AA. Figures 3A and 3B illustrate an example where the peripheral area BB surrounds the display area AA. The display area AA is the area for displaying an image and is configured to have multiple sub-pixels P. The peripheral area BB is configured to house display driving circuitry and circuit traces, such as gate driving circuitry and source driving circuitry.

[0075] For example, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the display panel 100 includes a plurality of sub-pixels P disposed in the display area AA. The emission colors of the plurality of sub-pixels P may be the same or different. The plurality of sub-pixels P may include, for example, a red sub-pixel R with a red emission color, a green sub-pixel G with a green emission color, and a blue sub-pixel B with a blue emission color. Of course, the emission colors of the plurality of sub-pixels P may also be any other color such as white or yellow, and this embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0076] The following uses multiple sub-pixels P, including red sub-pixels R, green sub-pixels G, and blue sub-pixels B, as an example to illustrate some embodiments of this disclosure, but the implementation of this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0077] Please refer to Figures 3A and 3B. Multiple sub-pixels P may include, for example, a privacy sub-pixel P1 and a shared sub-pixel P2. The light emission angle of the privacy sub-pixel P1 is smaller than that of the shared sub-pixel P2. In this case, the display panel 100 can have both a privacy mode and a sharing mode. In privacy mode, the privacy sub-pixel P1 emits light, while the shared sub-pixel P2 does not emit light, resulting in a narrower viewing angle for the display panel 100, which meets the user's privacy needs. In sharing mode, the privacy sub-pixel P1 does not emit light, while the shared sub-pixel P2 emits light, or both the privacy sub-pixel P1 and the shared sub-pixel P2 emit light, resulting in a wider viewing angle for the display panel 100, which meets the user's sharing needs with others. Of course, the multiple sub-pixels P may also include only the privacy sub-pixel P1, meaning the display panel 100 only needs privacy protection and does not require sharing. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0078] Here, the multiple privacy sub-pixels P1 may include a red privacy sub-pixel R11, a green privacy sub-pixel G11, and a blue privacy sub-pixel B11, and the multiple shared sub-pixels P2 may include a red shared sub-pixel R20, a green shared sub-pixel G20, and a blue shared sub-pixel B20.

[0079] The following uses multiple sub-pixels P, including a privacy sub-pixel P1 and a shared sub-pixel P2, as an example to illustrate some embodiments of this disclosure, but the implementation of this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0080] Referring to Figure 3A, the plurality of privacy sub-pixels P1 may include, for example, a plurality of privacy pixel units P10. Each privacy pixel unit P10 includes a plurality of adjacent privacy sub-pixels P1 that emit the same color light. Furthermore, in the privacy pixel unit P10, the plurality of privacy sub-pixels P1 can be arranged in multiple rows and columns along a first direction X and a second direction Y, with the first direction X and the second direction Y intersecting, for example, the first direction X and the second direction Y being perpendicular. A row includes at least one privacy sub-pixel P1 arranged along the first direction X, and a column includes at least one privacy sub-pixel P1 arranged along the second direction Y. Adjacent rows of privacy sub-pixels P1 are staggered in the second direction Y, or, at least partially opposite in the second direction Y, adjacent rows of privacy sub-pixels P1 are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0081] The multiple privacy pixel units P10 may include, for example, a red privacy pixel unit R10, a green privacy pixel unit G10, and a blue privacy pixel unit B10. The red privacy pixel unit R10 includes multiple red privacy sub-pixels R11, the green privacy pixel unit G10 includes multiple green privacy sub-pixels G11, and the blue privacy pixel unit B10 includes multiple blue privacy sub-pixels B11.

[0082] It is understood that the number of red privacy sub-pixels R11 included in the red privacy pixel unit R10, the number of green privacy sub-pixels G11 included in the green privacy pixel unit G10, and the number of blue privacy sub-pixels B11 included in the blue privacy pixel unit B10 are not unique. In addition to the numbers illustrated below, the aforementioned red privacy pixel unit R10, green privacy pixel unit G10, and blue privacy pixel unit B10 may also include any other number of privacy sub-pixels P1, and this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0083] In some examples, as shown in Figure 3A, the red privacy pixel unit R10 includes 4 red privacy sub-pixels R11, the green privacy pixel unit G10 includes 10 green privacy sub-pixels G11, and the blue privacy pixel unit B10 includes 12 blue privacy sub-pixels B11. In this way, the red privacy pixel unit R10, the green privacy pixel unit G10, and the blue privacy pixel unit B10 have high brightness and good color mixing effect.

[0084] For example, in the red privacy pixel unit R10, the four red privacy sub-pixels R11 can be arranged in two rows and two columns. In the green privacy pixel unit G10, the ten green privacy sub-pixels G11 can be arranged in two rows and five columns. In the blue privacy pixel unit B10, the twelve blue privacy sub-pixels B11 can be arranged in two rows and six columns. Furthermore, along the row direction (e.g., the first direction X), at least one red privacy sub-pixel R11 can be at least partially opposite to a green privacy sub-pixel G11; along the column direction (e.g., the second direction Y), at least one blue privacy sub-pixel B11 is at least partially opposite to a red privacy pixel R11, and at least one blue privacy pixel B11 is at least partially opposite to a green privacy pixel G11. In this way, the arrangement of the multiple privacy sub-pixels P1 is more regular, and the color mixing effect is better.

[0085] In other examples, as shown in Figure 3B, the red privacy pixel unit R10 includes two red privacy sub-pixels R11, the green privacy pixel unit G10 includes four green privacy sub-pixels G11, and the blue privacy pixel unit B10 includes five blue privacy sub-pixels B11. In this way, the red privacy pixel unit R10, the green privacy pixel unit G10, and the blue privacy pixel unit B10 include fewer privacy sub-pixels P1, which allows for more flexible arrangement and facilitates the achievement of a better privacy design.

[0086] For example, in the red privacy pixel unit R10, the two red privacy sub-pixels R11 are staggered in both the row and column directions. In the green privacy pixel unit G10, the four green privacy sub-pixels G11 are arranged in two rows, with each row including two green privacy sub-pixels G11, and the green privacy sub-pixels G11 in different rows are staggered in the column direction. In the blue privacy pixel unit B10, the five blue privacy sub-pixels B11 can be arranged in two rows, with one row including three blue privacy sub-pixels B11 and the other row including two blue privacy sub-pixels B11, and the blue privacy sub-pixels B11 in different rows are staggered in the column direction. In this way, the spacing between the privacy sub-pixels P1 can be set to be relatively large, which is beneficial for achieving the privacy design, and the distribution of the privacy sub-pixels P1 is relatively uniform, with good brightness uniformity.

[0087] Please refer to Figures 3A and 3B. Multiple privacy pixel units P10 can be arranged in multiple rows and columns, with each row including at least one privacy pixel unit P10 arranged along a first direction X, and each column including at least one privacy pixel unit P10 arranged along a second direction Y. Multiple shared sub-pixels P2 are also arranged in multiple rows and columns. Each row includes at least one shared sub-pixel P2 arranged along the first direction X, and each column includes at least one shared sub-pixel P2 arranged along the second direction Y.

[0088] Based on this, two rows of shared sub-pixels P2 are arranged adjacently, and two rows of privacy pixel units P10 are arranged adjacently. Furthermore, in the second direction Y, the two adjacent rows of shared sub-pixels P2 and the two adjacent rows of privacy pixel units P10 are arranged alternately, which helps to improve the uniformity of display brightness in both shared mode and privacy mode. Of course, the shared sub-pixels P2 and privacy pixel units P10 can also be arranged in other ways; for example, four adjacent rows of privacy pixel units P10 and four adjacent rows of shared sub-pixels P2 are arranged alternately in the second direction Y. This embodiment does not specifically limit this arrangement.

[0089] Please refer to Figures 3A and 3B. In two adjacent rows of privacy pixel units P10, one row of privacy pixel units P10 may include, for example, multiple red privacy pixel units R10 and green privacy pixel units G10, which are arranged alternately in the first direction X. The other row of privacy pixel units P10 may include, for example, multiple blue privacy pixel units B10, which are arranged sequentially in the first direction X. Furthermore, in the second direction Y, the red privacy pixel units R10 and green privacy pixel units G10 are at least partially opposite to the blue privacy pixel units B10, so that the light emitted by the red privacy pixel units R10, green privacy pixel units G10, and blue privacy pixel units B10 mixes to form the color information of a pixel. In this way, multiple privacy sub-pixels P1 of a privacy pixel unit P10 are set together and emit light of the same color. The spacing between privacy pixel units P10 can be set to be larger, which helps to avoid other light-blocking designs and improve pixel density.

[0090] The aforementioned red privacy pixel unit R10, green privacy pixel unit G10, and blue privacy pixel unit B10 can also be arranged in other ways. For example, in two adjacent rows of privacy pixel units P10, one row of privacy pixel units P10 can also include multiple red privacy pixel units R10 and multiple blue privacy pixel units B10, with the red privacy pixel units R10 and blue privacy pixel units B10 arranged alternately in the first direction X. The other row of privacy pixel units P10 includes multiple green privacy pixel units G10, with the multiple green privacy pixel units G10 arranged sequentially in the first direction X. This disclosure does not specifically limit this arrangement.

[0091] Please refer to Figures 3A and 3B. In the two adjacent rows of shared sub-pixels P2, one row of shared sub-pixels P2 includes multiple red shared sub-pixels R20 and multiple green shared sub-pixels G20, which are arranged alternately in the first direction X. The other row of shared sub-pixels P2 includes multiple blue shared sub-pixels B20, which are arranged sequentially in the first direction X. Furthermore, in the second direction Y, the red shared sub-pixels R20 and G20 are at least partially opposite to the blue shared sub-pixels B20, so that the light emitted by the red shared sub-pixels R20, G20, and B20 can mix to form the color information of a pixel.

[0092] The aforementioned red shared sub-pixels R20, green shared sub-pixels G20, and blue shared sub-pixels B20 can also be arranged in other ways. For example, in two adjacent rows of shared sub-pixels P2, one row of shared sub-pixels P2 includes multiple red shared sub-pixels R20 and multiple blue shared sub-pixels B20, which are arranged alternately in the first direction X. The other row of shared sub-pixels P2 includes multiple green shared sub-pixels G20, which are arranged sequentially in the first direction X. This disclosure does not specifically limit the embodiments in this way.

[0093] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3A, 4A, and 4B, the sub-pixel P includes a light-emitting device 20 and a pixel circuit 30 disposed on a substrate 10. The pixel circuit 30 includes a plurality of transistors 31, each transistor 31 including an active layer 310, a source 311, a drain 312, and a gate 313, with the source 311 and drain 312 respectively contacting the active layer 310. The light-emitting device 20 includes a first electrode 21, a light-emitting functional layer 22, and a second electrode 23. The first electrode 21 is electrically connected to either the source 311 or the drain 312 of a transistor 31. Figures 4A and 4B illustrate the electrical connection between the first electrode 21 and the source 311 of the transistor 31.

[0094] The substrate 10 can be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate. The material of the rigid substrate may include, for example, glass and / or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); the material of the flexible substrate may include, for example, at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or polyimide (PI).

[0095] The aforementioned light-emitting functional layer 22 may include only the light-emitting layer, or, in addition to the light-emitting layer, the light-emitting functional layer 22 may also include at least one of the following: an electron transporting layer (ETL), an electron injection layer (EIL), a hole transporting layer (HTL), and a hole injection layer (HIL).

[0096] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 4A, 4B, and 5, the display panel 100 may further include a pixel defining layer 40, which is disposed on one side of the substrate 10. The pixel defining layer 40 has a plurality of pixel openings 41, and the first electrode 21, the light-emitting functional layer 22, and the second electrode 23 overlap within the pixel openings 41, with the overlapping portion forming a light-emitting device 20; that is, one light-emitting device 20 is disposed within one pixel opening 41.

[0097] The shape of the aforementioned pixel opening 41 can be any of a circle, ellipse, polygon, or irregular shape. Exemplarily, the pixel opening 41 includes a privacy pixel opening 411 and a shared pixel opening 412. In orthographic projection onto the substrate 10, the privacy sub-pixel P1 at least partially overlaps with the privacy pixel opening 411, and the shared pixel opening 412 at least partially overlaps with the shared sub-pixel P2. For example, in orthographic projection onto the substrate 10, the privacy sub-pixel P1 is located within the privacy pixel opening 411, and the shared sub-pixel P2 is located within the shared pixel opening 412.

[0098] In this case, in the orthogonal projection onto the substrate 10, the privacy pixel opening 411 can be, for example, circular, and the shared pixel opening 412 can be, for example, polygonal, with at least one corner of the shared pixel opening 412 being arc-shaped. This reduces the fabrication difficulty of the shared pixel opening 412. For example, the shared pixel opening 412 can be rectangular, with adjacent corners of two rows of shared pixel openings 412 that are close together being arc-shaped corners and distant corners being straight corners. Of course, all corners of the shared pixel opening 412 can also be arc-shaped or straight corners; this embodiment does not specifically limit this. Furthermore, the shape of the privacy pixel opening 411 can also be rectangular; this embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0099] Please refer to Figures 4A and 4B. The display panel 100 may also include an encapsulation layer 90. The encapsulation layer 90 is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer 40 away from the substrate 10 and covers the light-emitting device 20 to provide insulation and protection, reducing the risk of water and oxygen erosion of the light-emitting device 20. The encapsulation layer 90 can be a multi-layer structure.

[0100] For example, the encapsulation layer 90 may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer 91, a second inorganic encapsulation layer 92, and an organic encapsulation layer 93, with the organic encapsulation layer 93 disposed between the first inorganic encapsulation layer 91 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 92. Of course, the encapsulation layer 90 may also include more film layers, and the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0101] Please continue referring to Figures 4A and 4B. The display panel 100 may also include a light-shielding layer 50, which is disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer 90 away from the substrate 10. This light-shielding layer 50 is used to block the wide-angle light emitted by the privacy sub-pixels P1, reducing the viewing angle of the display panel 100 and meeting the user's privacy requirements. That is, the light-shielding layer 50 is disposed between the privacy sub-pixels P1. A light-shielding layer 50 may be disposed between shared sub-pixels P2, or it may not be disposed at all. This disclosure does not specifically limit this aspect.

[0102] The light-shielding layer 50 has a first opening 501, and in the orthographic projection onto the substrate 10, the light-emitting device 20 at least partially overlaps with the first opening 501. For example, in the orthographic projection onto the substrate 10, the light-emitting device 20 is located within the first opening 501. Furthermore, the distance between the boundary of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10 and the boundary of the orthographic projection of the first opening 501 onto the substrate 10 is 0 μm to 1.5 μm.

[0103] The shape and arrangement of the first opening 501 are consistent with the shape and arrangement of the pixel opening 41, and will not be described in detail here. The material of the light-shielding layer 50 includes a light-shielding material, which may include black ink or a light-shielding metal.

[0104] In some embodiments, the display panel 100 does not include a touch structure. In this case, the light-shielding layer 50 may consist only of a first light-shielding layer 51, which is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer 40 away from the substrate 10, and the first opening 501 is disposed only in the first light-shielding layer 51.

[0105] In other embodiments, referring to Figures 4A and 4B, the display panel 100 includes a touch structure 210 and a second planarization layer 62. In this case, the light-shielding layer 50 may include, for example, a first light-shielding layer 51 and a second light-shielding layer 52. The first light-shielding layer 51 is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer 40 away from the substrate 10, the second planarization layer 62 is disposed on the side of the first light-shielding layer 51 away from the substrate 10, and the touch structure 210 is disposed on the side of the second planarization layer 62 away from the substrate 10. The second planarization layer 62 serves a planarization effect to facilitate the fabrication of the touch structure 210. In this case, the second light-shielding layer 52 may be formed from at least one touch metal layer in the touch structure 210.

[0106] The thickness of the second planarization layer 62 can be greater than or equal to the thickness of the organic encapsulation layer 93, which helps to concentrate more light into a small viewing angle, increase the total luminous flux of the small viewing angle, increase the light that the human eye can receive and utilize at a small viewing angle, improve the light emission efficiency of the small viewing angle, and reduce the power consumption of the display device 1000.

[0107] Please refer to Figures 4A and 4B. The touch structure 210 may include a first touch layer 210a, a second touch layer 210b, and a first insulating layer 212 disposed between the first touch layer 210a and the second touch layer 210b. The first touch layer 210a is disposed on the side of the second touch layer 210b closest to the substrate 10. In this case, the first opening 501 may also be disposed on the first touch layer 210a and / or the second touch layer 210b. For example, the second touch layer 210b serves as a second light-shielding layer 52, and the first opening 501 is also disposed on the second touch layer 210b. Thus, the touch structure 210 can not only be used to implement touch designs, but can also be laid out over a large area to achieve the light-blocking function of privacy designs, simplifying the process flow, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving production efficiency.

[0108] Specifically, in the orthographic projection onto the substrate 10, the first opening 501 of the first light-shielding layer 51 is located within the range of the first opening 501 of the first touch layer 210a and / or the second touch layer 210b. That is, in the orthographic projection onto the substrate 10, the distance between the boundary of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10 and the boundary of the first opening 501 located in the first touch layer 210a and / or the second touch layer 210b is greater than the distance between the boundary of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10 and the boundary of the first opening 501 of the first light-shielding layer 51.

[0109] Furthermore, referring to Figure 6, the touch structure 210 may include, for example, a first touch electrode Tx and a second touch electrode Rx. The first touch electrode Tx extends along a first direction X, and the second touch electrode Rx extends along a second direction Y. The first touch electrode Tx and the second touch electrode Rx are respectively connected to a touch chip via touch leads to realize touch functionality. The first direction X intersects with the second direction Y; for example, the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0110] At this time, the first touch electrode Tx and the second touch electrode Rx can, for example, form multiple capacitive nodes arranged in an array. A pulse or alternating voltage applied by the touch chip to the first touch electrode Tx can induce charge on the second touch electrode Rx, and the amount of induced charge is easily affected by external factors (e.g., a finger touching or approaching). That is, when a finger touches or approaches a capacitive node, a capacitance change occurs at the capacitive node, and the touch chip can measure this capacitance change through the second touch electrode Rx, and determine the position of the finger touch or approach based on the capacitance change measured throughout the entire touch structure 210.

[0111] The first touch electrode Tx can be located in the first touch layer 210a, and the main body of the second touch electrode Rx can be located in the first touch layer 210a, and then transferred across the second touch layer 210b to avoid short circuits in the overlapping parts of the first touch electrode Tx and the second touch electrode Rx.

[0112] Furthermore, the touch structure 210 may also include a virtual electrode Dx, which may be arranged on the same layer as the bridge portion of the second touch electrode Rx and spaced apart. The virtual electrode Dx is suspended in mid-air and may have a first opening 501 to block wide-angle light emitted by the light-emitting device 20, achieving the light-blocking effect of the privacy design. Here, the virtual electrode Dx can be laid over a large area, for example, covering the entire display area AA, to achieve a better privacy effect.

[0113] Please refer to Figures 4A and 4B. The touch structure 210 may also include a first buffer layer 213. The first buffer layer 213 is disposed on the side of the first touch layer 210a close to the substrate 10 to play a buffering role.

[0114] Currently, as users place increasing emphasis on information security, display devices with privacy features have gradually become the mainstream in display technology development. However, because light-emitting devices scatter light uniformly in the circumferential direction, display devices with privacy features in related technologies have low light emission efficiency and low brightness at small viewing angles.

[0115] It should be understood that the range of viewing angles corresponding to small viewing angles may vary depending on the application scenario. The horizontal viewing angle is the user's viewing angle in the horizontal direction, with the center of the display panel 100 as the reference. The left viewing angle is positive, and the right viewing angle is negative. The left viewing angle refers to the angle measured from the center of the screen to the left of the viewer's line of sight, and the right viewing angle refers to the angle measured from the center of the screen to the right of the viewer's line of sight. The vertical viewing angle is the user's viewing angle in the vertical direction, with the upward viewing angle being positive and the downward viewing angle being negative. The upward viewing angle refers to the angle measured from the center of the screen upwards to the viewer's line of sight, and the downward viewing angle refers to the angle measured from the center of the screen downwards to the viewer's line of sight. This small viewing angle can refer to either the horizontal or vertical viewing angle; this embodiment does not specifically limit it.

[0116] Based on this, referring to Figures 4A and 4B, some embodiments of the display panel 100 provided in this disclosure further include a first planarization layer 61 and at least one lens 70. The first planarization layer 61 is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10, and the lens 70 is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10. The lens 70 can be, for example, a condenser lens. Furthermore, when the display panel 100 includes multiple lenses 70, the multiple lenses 70 are spaced apart, i.e., they do not overlap. This simplifies the manufacturing process and avoids interference between the light transmitted by adjacent lenses 70.

[0117] The material of the first planarization layer 61 includes organic and / or inorganic materials, for example, the material of the first planarization layer 61 includes resin. The material of the lens 70 includes transparent silicone and / or transparent resin, and the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto. In addition, the thickness of the first planarization layer 61 is less than the thickness of the organic encapsulation layer 93, which facilitates the convergence of more light to a small viewing angle, increases the total luminous flux at the small viewing angle, increases the amount of light that the human eye can receive and utilize at the small viewing angle, improves the light extraction efficiency at the small viewing angle, and reduces the power consumption of the display device 1000.

[0118] In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of lens 70 onto substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least one light-emitting device 20 onto substrate 10. For example, lens 70 is disposed on the side of light-emitting device 20 of privacy sub-pixel P1 away from substrate 10, and the orthographic projection of lens 70 onto substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of light-emitting device 20 of privacy sub-pixel P1 onto substrate 10. Furthermore, whether the orthographic projection of lens 70 onto substrate 10 overlaps with or does not overlap with the orthographic projection of light-emitting device 20 of shared sub-pixel P2 is not specifically limited in this disclosure. For example, lens 70 is disposed only on the side of light-emitting device 20 of green privacy sub-pixel G11 away from substrate 10 to improve the problem of dimming of light-emitting device 20 of green privacy sub-pixel G11 at small viewing angles. That is, the orthographic projection of lens 70 onto substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of light-emitting device 20 of green privacy sub-pixel G11 onto substrate 10. For example, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 of the green privacy pixel G11 onto the substrate 10 is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the lens 70 onto the substrate 10. Of course, the orthographic projection of the lens 70 onto the substrate 10 can also overlap with privacy pixels P1 of other light-emitting colors, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. In addition, the lens 70 is tangent to or attached to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, or the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10.

[0119] In this configuration, lens 70 can focus more light into a narrow viewing angle, increasing the total luminous flux within that angle, thus increasing the amount of light that the human eye can receive and utilize at that angle. This improves the light emission efficiency of the privacy sub-pixel P1 within the narrow viewing angle and reduces the power consumption of the display device 1000. This positive viewing angle direction is perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 10 away from the light-emitting device 20. Furthermore, lens 70 is tangent to or attached to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, or lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. This allows the edge viewing angle of the display panel 100 to be changed by adjusting the distance between lens 70 and the light-emitting device 20 of the privacy sub-pixel P1, thereby adjusting the viewing angle range according to actual privacy requirements to meet the needs of different privacy designs.

[0120] It should be noted that edge view refers to the viewpoint when the viewer's line of sight deviates from the center of the screen and approaches the limit of the visible angle.

[0121] The shape of the orthographic projection of the lens 70 onto the substrate 10 can be any of a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, or an irregular shape. Specifically, the shape of the orthographic projection of the lens 70 onto the substrate 10 can be the same as the shape of the privacy pixel opening 411. For example, if the orthographic projection of the privacy pixel opening 411 onto the substrate 10 is a circle, the shape of the orthographic projection of the lens 70 onto the substrate 10 can be a circle. Of course, the orthographic projection of the lens 70 onto the substrate 10 can also be other shapes, such as a rectangle. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit the shape.

[0122] In addition, the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, and the depth of the lens 70 embedded in the first planarization layer 61 is less than or equal to 2 μm, so as to achieve a better light-gathering effect.

[0123] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 4A, 4B, 7, and 8, the first cross-section S1 of at least one lens 70 includes a first arc 71 and a second arc 72, the two ends of the first arc 71 and the second arc 72 are connected, and the first arc 71 is located on the side of the second arc 72 closer to the substrate 10. The length of the line connecting the two ends of the first arc 71 and the two ends of the second arc 72 is the maximum diameter of the first cross-section S1. In this document, the first cross-section S1 is the cross-section of the lens 70 in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 10.

[0124] The first arc 71 may include a single arc segment with the same or continuously changing curvature, or multiple arc segments with abrupt changes in curvature. The second arc 72 may include a single arc segment with the same or continuously changing curvature, or multiple arc segments with abrupt changes in curvature.

[0125] For example, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the first cross-section S1 includes a first arc segment 711, a second arc segment 712, a third arc segment 713, and a fourth arc segment 714 connected end to end. The first arc segment 711 and the third arc segment 713 are arranged opposite each other, and the second arc segment 712 and the fourth arc segment are arranged opposite each other. The first arc segment 711 is located on the side of the third arc segment 713 away from the substrate 10. Here, the curvature of the first arc segment 711, the second arc segment 712, the third arc segment 713, and the fourth arc segment 714 remains unchanged or changes continuously, and the curvature changes abruptly at the connection points of the first arc segment 711, the second arc segment 712, the third arc segment 713, and the fourth arc segment 714. Furthermore, the centers of the second arc segment 712 and the fourth arc segment 714 are connected to form a first center line. The portions of the first arc segment 711 and the second arc segment 712 located away from the substrate 10 along the first center line, and the portion of the fourth arc segment 714 located away from the substrate 10 along the first center line, form a first arc 71. The portions of the third arc segment 713 and the second arc segment 712 located near the substrate 10 along the first center line, and the portion of the fourth arc segment 714 located near the substrate 10 along the first center line, form a second arc 72.

[0126] Of course, the shape of the first cross-section S1 can also be an ellipse or a circle. That is, the first arc 71 can include a continuously changing arc segment, and the second arc 72 can include an arc segment with continuously changing curvature, forming an ellipse. In this case, the shape of the lens 70 can be an ellipsoid, where the upper and lower hemispheres of the ellipsoid have the same area, the same shape, and overlap each other. Alternatively, the first arc 71 can include an arc segment with the same curvature, and the second arc 72 can include an arc segment with the same curvature, forming a circle. In this case, the shape of the lens 70 can be a sphere, where the upper and lower hemispheres of the sphere have the same area, the same shape, and overlap each other. The first cross-section S1 can also be other shapes, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0127] For example, referring to Figure 7, lens 70 includes a first portion 81 and a second portion 82 stacked together, with the first portion 81 located on the side of the second portion 82 closer to the substrate 10. The first portion 81 and the second portion 82 are approximately spherical caps in shape, and the connection between the first portion 81 and the second portion 82 is curved, i.e., the connection between the first portion 81 and the second portion 82 is smooth. In this text, "spherical cap" includes shapes that are generally spherical caps, but is not limited to standard spherical caps. That is, "spherical cap" here includes not only the shape of a standard spherical cap, but also shapes similar to spherical caps. For example, the spherical surface of a "spherical cap" includes not only surfaces with uniform curvature, but also smooth surfaces with continuously varying curvature or surfaces with abrupt changes in curvature locally, such as ellipsoidal caps.

[0128] The ratio of the distance L1 between the two endpoints of the first arc 71 to the arch height H1 of the first arc 71 is 3 to 6 to achieve a better light-gathering effect. For example, the distance L1 between the two endpoints of the first arc 71 is 8.5 μm to 11.5 μm. For instance, the distance L1 between the two endpoints of the first arc 71 is any one of 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm, 10 μm, 10.5 μm, 11 μm, and 11.5 μm. For example, the arch height H1 of the first arc 71 is 2 μm to 2.5 μm. For instance, the arch height H1 of the first arc 71 is any one of 2 μm, 2.1 μm, 2.2 μm, 2.3 μm, 2.4 μm, and 2.5 μm.

[0129] The ratio of the distance L2 between the two endpoints of the second arc 72 to the arch height H2 of the second arc H2 is 3 to 6 to achieve a better light-gathering effect. For example, the distance L2 between the two endpoints of the second arc 72 is 8.5 μm to 11.5 μm. For instance, the distance L2 between the two endpoints of the second arc 72 is any one of 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm, 10 μm, 10.5 μm, 11 μm, and 11.5 μm. For example, the arch height H2 of the second arc 72 is 2 μm to 2.5 μm. For instance, the arch height H2 of the second arc 72 is any one of 2 μm, 2.1 μm, 2.2 μm, 2.3 μm, 2.4 μm, and 2.5 μm.

[0130] In addition, the absolute value of the difference between the arch height H1 of the first arc 71 and the arch height H2 of the second arc 72 is less than or equal to 1 μm, so as to achieve a better light-gathering effect.

[0131] It should be understood that when the ratio of the brightness at the preset viewing angle to the brightness at the normal viewing angle is less than the anti-peeping standard value, it is possible to prevent the viewer from peeping at the displayed content when the viewing angle is greater than or equal to the preset viewing angle. Both the preset viewing angle and the anti-peeping standard value can be set according to actual needs. The following simulations of some embodiments of this disclosure are given using a preset viewing angle of 32° or 48° horizontally as an example.

[0132] At this time, the lens 70 may be tangent to the first planarization layer 61, or the lens 70 may be partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. Of course, there may also be a gap between the lens 70 and the first planarization layer 61, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0133] Example 1, as shown in Figure 4A, shows that the lens 70 is tangent to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. In this case, in the orthogonal projection onto the substrate 10, the point of tangency between the lens 70 and the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 coincides with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, resulting in good light-gathering effect. Alternatively, in the orthogonal projection onto the substrate 10, the distance between the point of tangency between the lens 70 and the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 and the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20 is less than or equal to 0.6 μm. Furthermore, when the point of tangency between the lens 70 corresponding to the light-emitting device 20 and the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 does not coincide with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, the points of tangency between the lens 70 and the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 for different light-emitting devices 20 are offset in the same direction from the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20, resulting in good brightness uniformity. Of course, the tangent point between the lens 70 corresponding to different light-emitting devices 20 and the plane of the first flat layer 61 away from the substrate 10 may also be different from the direction of offset of the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not make specific limitations here.

[0134] Example 2, as shown in FIG4B, shows that the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. That is, a groove is formed on the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, and the groove does not penetrate the first planarization layer 61. The shape of the groove matches the shape of the lens 70. For example, the groove has an arc-shaped cross-section in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 10, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this. Here, at least a portion of the lower half of the lens 70 is embedded in the first planarization layer 61, and the upper half is exposed outside the first planarization layer 61.

[0135] Table 1

[0136] Table 1 shows the simulation results of the relative brightness of Example 1 and Example 2 at the frontal viewing angle, core viewing angle, horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and horizontal viewing angle of 48°. In Table 1, the relative brightness at the frontal viewing angle is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the frontal viewing angle to the brightness of related technologies. The relative brightness at the horizontal viewing angle of 32° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the horizontal viewing angle of 32° to the brightness at the frontal viewing angle. The relative brightness at the horizontal viewing angle of 48° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the horizontal viewing angle of 48° to the brightness at the frontal viewing angle.

[0137] The core viewing angle refers to the field of view of the driver and front passenger directly facing the display panel; it is the most critical viewing area. Within this area, viewers can obtain the best visual experience, and the specific range can be set according to actual conditions. That is, the field of view corresponding to the core viewing angle may vary depending on different application scenarios and customer requirements. For example, the core viewing angle can refer to a horizontal viewing angle of ±10° and a vertical viewing angle of -4° to +8°. The horizontal viewing angle is the user's horizontal angle of view relative to the center of the display panel 100, with the left angle being positive and the right angle being negative. The left angle is the angle measured from the center of the screen to the left of the viewer's line of sight, and the right angle is the angle measured from the center of the screen to the right of the viewer's line of sight. The vertical viewing angle is the user's vertical angle of view relative to the center of the screen, with the upward angle being positive and the downward angle being negative. The upward angle is the angle measured from the center of the screen upwards to the viewer's line of sight, and the downward angle is the angle measured from the center of the screen downwards to the viewer's line of sight.

[0138] Figure 9 shows the simulation results of brightness decay of the display panels shown in Figures 4A and 4B. As can be seen from Table 1 and Figure 9, Example 1 achieves a 105% increase in relative brightness at the front viewing angle, 53% at the core viewing angle, 0.9% at a horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 0.4% at a horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the front and core viewing angles is relatively high, and the relative brightness approaches 0 after a horizontal viewing angle of 20°. Example 2 achieves an 87% increase in relative brightness at the front viewing angle, 42% at the core viewing angle, 1.2% at a horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 0.8% at a horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the front viewing angle is relatively high, and the relative brightness approaches 0 after a horizontal viewing angle of 30°.

[0139] Among them, Example 1 and Example 2 can be reasonably combined, such as a portion of the lens 70 in the display panel 100 being tangent to the first planarization layer 61, and a portion of the lens 70 being partially embedded in the first planarization layer 61, in order to adjust the brightness attenuation of the horizontal viewing angle to meet different privacy protection requirements or the light output efficiency requirements of the core viewing angle.

[0140] At this time, the method for manufacturing the display panel 100 may include:

[0141] First, a first electrode 21 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed on one side of the substrate 10 by sputtering and photolithography. Then, a pixel defining layer 40 and a pixel opening 41 are formed by coating and photolithography, with the pixel opening 41 exposing at least a portion of the first electrode 21. Next, a light-emitting functional layer 22 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed by evaporation using a fine mask. Finally, a second electrode 23 is formed by sputtering to form the light-emitting device 20.

[0142] The first inorganic encapsulation layer 91 is formed by deposition process, the organic encapsulation layer 93 is formed by coating process, and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 92 is formed by deposition process to form encapsulation layer 90.

[0143] The pattern is formed by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the first light-shielding layer 51; then planarization is carried out by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the second planarization layer 62; finally, the touch structure 210 is formed by sputtering and photolithography.

[0144] When the lens 70 is tangent to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be planarized by coating and photolithography processes, and then dried. When the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be formed by coating, then by photolithography to form a groove that matches the portion into which the lens 70 is embedded, and finally dried.

[0145] Using a suitable photomask, a pattern is formed through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form lens 70. In this drying process, the temperature can be set to 85°C and maintained for 120 seconds. Finally, planarization is achieved through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form a third planarization layer 63.

[0146] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 10A, 10B, 11, and 12, the first cross-section S1 of at least one lens 70 includes a first straight line 701, a third arc 73, a first connecting line 710, and a second connecting line 720. The first straight line 701 and the third arc 73 are arranged opposite to each other, with the first straight line 701 located on the side of the third arc 73 closer to the substrate, and the third arc 73 arching away from the substrate 10. The two ends of the first straight line 701 are connected to the two ends of the third arc 73 via the first connecting line 710 and the second connecting line 720, respectively. The distance between the two ends of the third arc 73 may, for example, be greater than the length of the first straight line 701. Exemplarily, the lens 70 includes a stacked third portion 83 and a fourth portion 84, with the third portion 83 located on the side of the fourth portion 84 closer to the substrate 10. The third portion 83 is generally cylindrical in shape, and the fourth portion 84 is generally spherical, such as a hemisphere. Furthermore, the top surface of the cylinder and the bottom surface of the spherical cap may have the same area, the same shape, and overlap each other.

[0147] In this article, "spherical cap" includes shapes that are spherical in shape overall, but is not limited to standard spherical caps. That is, "spherical cap" here includes not only the shape of a standard spherical cap, but also shapes that resemble spherical caps. For example, the spherical surface of a "spherical cap" includes not only surfaces with uniform curvature, but also smooth surfaces with continuously varying curvature or surfaces with local undulations.

[0148] In this article, "cylinder" includes shapes that are cylindrical in general, but is not limited to standard cylinders. That is, "cylinder" here includes not only the shape of a standard cylinder, but also shapes that are similar to cylinders. For example, the bottom and sides of a "cylinder" are curved at the corners, that is, the corners are smooth, making it a rounded cylinder. Another example is that the sides of a "cylinder" are arched.

[0149] For example, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the first connecting line 710 is an arc with the same or continuously changing curvature, or the first connecting line 710 is a straight line; the second connecting line 720 is an arc with the same or continuously changing curvature, or the second connecting line 720 is a straight line. For example, the first connecting line 710 is an arc with continuously changing curvature, and the second connecting line 720 is an arc with continuously changing curvature; this embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this. Furthermore, the curvature of the third arc 73 abruptly changes at the connection with the first connecting line 710, and also abruptly changes at the connection with the second connecting line 720. Of course, the first straight line 701 can also be an arc segment, with the curvature of this arc segment abruptly changing at the connection with the first connecting line 710, and also abruptly changing at the connection with the second connecting line 720; this embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0150] The ratio of the distance L3 between the two endpoints of the third arc 73 to the arch height H3 of the third arc 73 is 3 to 6 to achieve a better light-gathering effect. For example, the distance L3 between the two endpoints of the third arc 73 is 10 μm to 11 μm. For instance, the distance L3 between the two endpoints of the third arc 73 is any one of 10 μm, 10.2 μm, 10.4 μm, 10.5 μm, 10.6 μm, 10.9 μm, and 11 μm. For example, the arch height H3 of the third arc 73 is 2 μm to 2.5 μm. For instance, the arch height H3 of the third arc 73 is any one of 2 μm, 2.1 μm, 2.2 μm, 2.3 μm, 2.4 μm, and 2.5 μm.

[0151] The ratio of the distance L3 between the two endpoints of the third arc 73 to the first distance H4 is 3 to 6 to achieve a better light-gathering effect. The first distance H4 is the distance between the line connecting the two endpoints of the third arc 73 and the first straight line 701. For example, the first distance H4 is 2μm to 2.5μm. For instance, the first distance H4 is any one of 2μm, 2.1μm, 2.2μm, 2.3μm, 2.4μm, and 2.5μm.

[0152] In addition, the absolute value of the difference between the arch height H3 of the third arc 73 and the first distance H4 is less than or equal to 1 μm, so as to achieve a better light-gathering effect.

[0153] It should be understood that when the ratio of the brightness at the preset viewing angle to the brightness at the normal viewing angle is less than the anti-peeping standard value, it is possible to prevent the viewer from peeping at the displayed content when the viewing angle is greater than or equal to the preset viewing angle. Both the preset viewing angle and the anti-peeping standard value can be set according to actual needs. The following simulations of some embodiments of this disclosure are given using a preset viewing angle of 32° or 48° horizontally as an example.

[0154] At this time, the lens 70 can be attached to the first planarization layer 61 or the lens 70 can be partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. Of course, there can also be a gap between the lens 70 and the first planarization layer 61. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not make specific limitations here.

[0155] Example 3, as shown in Figure 10A, involves lens 70 being bonded to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. In this case, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10 lies within the range of the orthographic projection of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 (i.e., the bottom surface of lens 70) onto the substrate 10, resulting in better light-gathering effect. Furthermore, the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 coincides with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, or the distance between the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 and the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20 is less than or equal to 0.6 μm. Moreover, even when the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 does not coincide with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, the centers of the portions of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 for different light-emitting devices 20 are offset in the same direction relative to the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20, resulting in better brightness uniformity. Of course, the center of the portion of the lens 70 corresponding to different light-emitting devices 20 that is attached to the plane of the first flat layer 61 away from the substrate 10 may be offset from the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20 in different directions. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not make specific limitations here.

[0156] Example 4, as shown in FIG10B, shows that the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. That is, a groove is formed on the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, and the groove does not penetrate the first planarization layer 61. The shape of the groove matches the shape of the lens 70. For example, the cross-section of the groove in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 10 is rectangular, but this is not the only embodiment of the present disclosure. The rectangle includes not only a standard rectangle but also shapes similar to rectangles. For example, the corners of the rectangle near the substrate 10 are rounded corners, and the corners away from the substrate 10 are straight corners. For example, the sides of the rectangle (the left or right side of the rectangle in FIG10B) are rounded sides. Here, at least a portion of the third portion 83 of the lens 70 is embedded in the first planarization layer 61, and the fourth portion 84 is exposed outside the first planarization layer 61.

[0157] Table 2

[0158] Table 2 shows the simulation results of the relative brightness of Examples 3 and 4 at the frontal viewing angle, core viewing angle, horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and horizontal viewing angle of 48°. In Table 2, the relative brightness at the frontal viewing angle is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the frontal viewing angle to the brightness of related technologies. The relative brightness at the horizontal viewing angle of 32° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the horizontal viewing angle of 32° to the brightness at the frontal viewing angle. The relative brightness at the horizontal viewing angle of 48° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the horizontal viewing angle of 48° to the brightness at the frontal viewing angle.

[0159] Figure 13 shows the simulation results of brightness decay of the display panels shown in Figures 10A and 10B. As can be seen from Table 2 and Figure 13, Example 3 achieves a 63% increase in relative brightness at the front viewing angle, 49% at the core viewing angle, 0.9% at a horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 0.5% at a horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the front and core viewing angles is relatively high, and the relative brightness approaches 0 after a horizontal viewing angle of 30°. Example 4 achieves a 76% increase in relative brightness at the front viewing angle, 48% at the core viewing angle, 1.4% at a horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 0.6% at a horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the front and core viewing angles is relatively high, and the relative brightness approaches 0 after a horizontal viewing angle of 30°.

[0160] Among them, Examples 3 and 4 can be reasonably combined, such as a portion of the lens 70 in the display panel 100 being attached to the first planarization layer 61, and a portion of the lens 70 being partially embedded in the first planarization layer 61, in order to adjust the brightness attenuation of the horizontal viewing angle to meet different privacy protection requirements or the light output efficiency requirements of the core viewing angle.

[0161] At this time, the method for manufacturing the display panel 100 may include:

[0162] First, a first electrode 21 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed on one side of the substrate 10 by sputtering and photolithography. Then, a pixel defining layer 40 and a pixel opening 41 are formed by coating and photolithography, with the pixel opening 41 exposing at least a portion of the first electrode 21. Next, a light-emitting functional layer 22 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed by evaporation using a fine mask. Finally, a second electrode 23 is formed by sputtering to form the light-emitting device 20.

[0163] The first inorganic encapsulation layer 91 is formed by deposition process, the organic encapsulation layer 93 is formed by coating process, and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 92 is formed by deposition process to form encapsulation layer 90.

[0164] The pattern is formed by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the first light-shielding layer 51; then planarization is carried out by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the second planarization layer 62; finally, the touch structure 210 is formed by sputtering and photolithography.

[0165] When the lens 70 is tangent to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be planarized by coating and photolithography processes, and then dried. When the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be formed by coating, then by photolithography to form a groove that matches the portion into which the lens 70 is embedded, and finally dried.

[0166] Using a suitable photomask, a pattern is formed through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form lens 70. During the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 130 seconds. Finally, planarization is achieved through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form a third planarization layer 63.

[0167] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 14A, 14B, 15, and 16, the first cross-section S1 of at least one lens 70 includes a fourth straight line 704, a fifth straight line 705, a third connecting line 730, and a fourth connecting line 740. The fourth straight line 704 and the fifth straight line 705 are arranged opposite each other, with the fourth straight line 704 located on the side of the fifth straight line 705 closer to the substrate 10, and the length of the fourth straight line 704 being greater than the length of the fifth straight line 705. The two ends of the fourth straight line 704 are connected to the two ends of the fifth straight line 705 through the third connecting line 730 and the fourth connecting line 740, respectively. Exemplarily, the shape of the lens 70 is approximately a frustum, that is, the shape of the first cross-section S1 is approximately a trapezoid. In this way, the hypotenuse of the trapezoid can change the direction of light, thereby converging some of the light emitted from a large viewing angle to a small viewing angle, improving the light emission efficiency of the privacy pixel P1 at a small viewing angle. This trapezoid includes not only standard trapezoids but also shapes similar to trapezoids. For example, the corners of the trapezoid are rounded corners, that is, rounded corner trapezoids.

[0168] In this article, "frustum" includes shapes that are generally frustums, but is not limited to standard frustums. That is, "frustum" here includes not only the shape of a standard frustum, but also shapes that resemble frustums. For example, the bottom and sides, and the top and sides of a frustum are curved at the corners, that is, the corners are smooth, which is a rounded frustum.

[0169] For example, as shown in Figures 15 and 16, the third connecting line 730 includes a sixth arc 76, a sixth straight line 706, and a seventh arc 77 connected in sequence, with the sixth arc 76 connected to the fourth straight line 704 and the seventh arc 77 connected to the fifth straight line 705; the fourth connecting line 740 includes an eighth arc 78, a seventh straight line 707, and a ninth arc 79 connected in sequence, with the eighth arc 78 connected to the fourth straight line 704 and the ninth arc 79 connected to the fifth straight line 705. The manufacturing process is simple and facilitates improved production efficiency. The angle between the extension of the sixth straight line 706 and the extension of the fourth straight line 704 can be the same as or different from the angle between the extension of the seventh straight line 707 and the extension of the fourth straight line 704; this embodiment does not specifically limit this. Furthermore, the curvature changes abruptly at the connection between the sixth straight line 706 and the sixth arc 76, and also abruptly at the connection with the seventh arc 77. The curvature of the seventh straight line 707 abruptly changes at the connection with the eighth arc 78, and also abruptly changes at the connection with the ninth arc 79. Of course, the connections between the sixth straight line 706 and the sixth arc 76, as well as the connection with the seventh arc 77, can also be smooth transitions, i.e., continuous or equal curvature; the connections between the seventh straight line 707 and the eighth arc 78, as well as the ninth arc 79, can also be smooth transitions, i.e., continuous or equal curvature. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this. Of course, the fourth straight line 704 and the fifth straight line 705 can also be arcs, and this embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0170] The difference between the length L4 of the fourth straight line 704 and the length L5 of the fifth straight line 705 is 4μm to 5μm, so that the side of the lens 70 can achieve better reflection, resulting in a higher light-gathering effect. For example, the length L4 of the fourth straight line 704 is 10μm to 11μm. For instance, the length L4 of the fourth straight line 704 can be any one of 10μm, 10.1μm, 10.2μm, 10.3μm, 10.4μm, 10.5μm, 10.6μm, 10.7μm, 10.8μm, 10.9μm, and 11μm. For example, the length L5 of the fifth straight line 705 is 5μm to 6μm. For example, the length L5 of the fifth line 705 is any one of 5μm, 5.1μm, 5.2μm, 5.3μm, 5.4μm, 5.5μm, 5.6μm, 5.7μm, 5.8μm, 5.9μm and 6μm.

[0171] The distance H5 between the fourth straight line 704 and the fifth straight line 705 is 4μm to 6μm, so that the side of the lens 70 can achieve better reflection, and the lens 70 can form a higher light-gathering effect. For example, the distance H5 between the fourth straight line 704 and the fifth straight line 705 is any one of 4μm, 4.2μm, 4.5μm, 4.8μm, 5μm, 5.1μm, 5.3μm, 5.5μm, 5.8μm, 5.9μm and 6μm.

[0172] It should be understood that when the ratio of the brightness at the preset viewing angle to the brightness at the normal viewing angle is less than the anti-peeping standard value, it is possible to prevent the viewer from peeping at the displayed content when the viewing angle is greater than or equal to the preset viewing angle. Both the preset viewing angle and the anti-peeping standard value can be set according to actual needs. The following simulations of some embodiments of this disclosure are given using a preset viewing angle of 32° or 48° horizontally as an example.

[0173] At this time, the lens 70 can be attached to the first planarization layer 61, or the lens 70 can be partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. Of course, there can also be a gap between the lens 70 and the first planarization layer 61, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. It should be noted that when the fourth straight line 704 and the fifth straight line 705 are arcs, the lens 70 can be tangent to the first planarization layer 61.

[0174] Example 5, as shown in Figure 14A, involves lens 70 being bonded to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. In this case, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10 lies within the range of the orthographic projection of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 (i.e., the bottom surface of lens 70) onto the substrate 10, resulting in better light-gathering effect. Furthermore, the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 coincides with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, or the distance between the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 and the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20 is less than or equal to 0.6 μm. Moreover, even when the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 does not coincide with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, the centers of the portions of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 for different light-emitting devices 20 are offset in the same direction from the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20, resulting in better brightness uniformity. Of course, the center of the portion of the lens 70 corresponding to different light-emitting devices 20 that is attached to the plane of the first flat layer 61 away from the substrate 10 may be offset from the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20 in different directions. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not make specific limitations here.

[0175] Example 6, as shown in FIG14B, involves a lens 70 partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. That is, a groove is formed on the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, and the groove does not penetrate the first planarization layer 61; the shape of the groove matches the shape of the lens 70. For example, the cross-section of the groove in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 10 is a trapezoid, but this is not the only embodiment disclosed. The trapezoid includes not only standard trapezoids but also shapes similar to trapezoids. For example, the corners of the trapezoid near the substrate 10 are curved corners, and the corners away from the substrate 10 are straight corners.

[0176] Table 3

[0177] Table 3 shows the simulation results of the relative brightness of Examples 5 and 6 at the frontal viewing angle, core viewing angle, horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and horizontal viewing angle of 48°. In Table 2, the relative brightness at the frontal viewing angle is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the frontal viewing angle to the brightness of related technologies. The relative brightness at the horizontal viewing angle of 32° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the horizontal viewing angle of 32° to the brightness at the frontal viewing angle. The relative brightness at the horizontal viewing angle of 48° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 of this embodiment at the horizontal viewing angle of 48° to the brightness at the frontal viewing angle.

[0178] Figure 17 shows the simulation results of brightness decay of the display panels shown in Figures 14A and 14B. As can be seen from Table 3 and Figure 17, Example 5 achieves a 118% increase in relative brightness at the front viewing angle, 47% at the core viewing angle, 0.7% at a horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 0.5% at a horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the front and core viewing angles is relatively high, and the relative brightness approaches 0 after a horizontal viewing angle of 30°. Example 4 achieves a 97% increase in relative brightness at the front viewing angle, 53% at the core viewing angle, 1.3% at a horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 1.9% at a horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the front and core viewing angles is relatively high, and the relative brightness locally increases between horizontal viewing angles of 45° and 50°. Among them, Examples 5 and 6 can be reasonably combined, such as a portion of the lens 70 in the display panel 100 being attached to the first planarization layer 61, and a portion of the lens 70 being partially embedded in the first planarization layer 61, in order to adjust the brightness attenuation of the horizontal viewing angle to meet different privacy protection requirements or the light output efficiency requirements of the core viewing angle.

[0179] At this time, the method for manufacturing the display panel 100 may include:

[0180] First, a first electrode 21 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed on one side of the substrate 10 by sputtering and photolithography. Then, a pixel defining layer 40 and a pixel opening 41 are formed by coating and photolithography, with the pixel opening 41 exposing at least a portion of the first electrode 21. Next, a light-emitting functional layer 22 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed by evaporation using a fine mask. Finally, a second electrode 23 is formed by sputtering to form the light-emitting device 20.

[0181] The first inorganic encapsulation layer 91 is formed by deposition process, the organic encapsulation layer 93 is formed by coating process, and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 92 is formed by deposition process to form encapsulation layer 90.

[0182] The pattern is formed by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the first light-shielding layer 51; then planarization is carried out by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the second planarization layer 62; finally, the touch structure 210 is formed by sputtering and photolithography.

[0183] When the lens 70 is tangent to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be planarized by coating and photolithography processes, and then dried. When the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be formed by coating, then by photolithography to form a groove that matches the portion into which the lens 70 is embedded, and finally dried.

[0184] Using a suitable photomask, a pattern is formed through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form lens 70. During the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 110 seconds. Finally, planarization is achieved through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form a third planarization layer 63.

[0185] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 18A, 18B, and 19, the first cross-section S1 of at least one lens 70 includes a tenth arc 790, an eighth straight line 708, an eleventh arc 791, and a twelfth arc 792. The tenth arc 790 and the eighth straight line 708 are arranged opposite to each other. The eighth straight line 708 is located on the side of the tenth arc 790 closer to the substrate 10. The tenth arc 790 arches towards the substrate 10, and the length L7 of the eighth straight line 708 is less than the distance L6 between the two endpoints of the tenth arc 790. The two ends of the tenth arc 790 are connected to the two ends of the eighth straight line 708 through the eleventh arc 791 and the twelfth arc 792, respectively. The eleventh arc 791 and the twelfth arc 792 arch away from each other. Exemplarily, the shape of the cross-section of the lens 70 in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 10 is approximately banana-shaped. Furthermore, the eighth straight line 708 may also be an arc, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0186] The difference between the distance L6 between the two endpoints of the tenth arc 790 and the length L7 of the eighth straight line 708 is 2μm to 7μm to achieve a better light-gathering effect. For example, the distance L6 between the two endpoints of the tenth arc 790 is 12μm to 17μm. For instance, the distance L6 between the two endpoints of the tenth arc 790 can be any one of 12μm, 12.5μm, 13μm, 13.5μm, 14μm, 14.5μm, 15μm, 15.5μm, 16μm, 16.5μm, and 17μm. For example, the length L7 of the eighth straight line 708 is 10μm to 15μm. For example, the length L7 of the eighth line 708 is any one of 10μm, 10.5μm, 11μm, 11.5μm, 12μm, 12.5μm, 13μm, 13.5μm, 14μm, 14.5μm and 15μm.

[0187] The ratio of the distance L6 between the two endpoints of the aforementioned tenth arc 790 to the arch height H6 of the tenth arc 790 is 5 to 15 to achieve a better light-gathering effect. For example, the arch height H6 of the tenth arc 790 is 1.5 μm to 5.5 μm. For instance, the maximum distance between the tenth arc 790 and the eighth straight line 708 is 3 μm to 7 μm, such as any one of 3 μm, 3.24 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, and 7 μm. For example, the minimum distance between the tenth arc 790 and the eighth straight line 708 is 1.5μm to 5μm, such as any one of 1.5μm, 1.7μm, 1.98μm, 2μm, 2.5μm, 3μm, 3.5μm, 4μm, 4.5μm and 5μm.

[0188] It should be understood that when the ratio of the brightness at the preset viewing angle to the brightness at the normal viewing angle is less than the anti-peeping standard value, it is possible to prevent the viewer from peeping at the displayed content when the viewing angle is greater than or equal to the preset viewing angle. Both the preset viewing angle and the anti-peeping standard value can be set according to actual needs. The following simulations of some embodiments of this disclosure are given using a preset viewing angle of 32° or 48° horizontally as an example.

[0189] At this time, the lens 70 can be attached to the first planarization layer 61, or the lens 70 can be partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. Of course, there can also be a gap between the lens 70 and the first planarization layer 61, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. It should be noted that when the eighth straight line 708 is an arc, the lens 70 can be tangent to the first planarization layer 61.

[0190] Example 7, as shown in Figure 18A, involves lens 70 being bonded to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. In this case, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10 lies within the range of the orthographic projection of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 (i.e., the bottom surface of lens 70) onto the substrate 10, resulting in better light-gathering effect. Furthermore, the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 coincides with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, or the distance between the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 and the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20 is less than or equal to 0.6 μm. Moreover, even when the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 does not coincide with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, the centers of the portions of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 for different light-emitting devices 20 are offset in the same direction relative to the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20, resulting in better brightness uniformity. Of course, the center of the portion of the lens 70 corresponding to different light-emitting devices 20 that is attached to the plane of the first flat layer 61 away from the substrate 10 may be offset from the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20 in different directions. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not make specific limitations here.

[0191] Example 8, as shown in FIG18B, shows that the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. That is, a groove is formed on the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, and the groove does not penetrate the first planarization layer 61. The shape of the groove matches the shape of the lens 70. For example, the cross-section of the groove in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 10 is an inverted trapezoid, but this is not the only embodiment of the present disclosure. The inverted trapezoid includes not only the standard inverted trapezoid but also shapes similar to an inverted trapezoid. For example, the corner of the inverted trapezoid near the substrate 10 is an arc corner, and the corner away from the substrate 10 is a straight corner. For example, the side of the inverted trapezoid is an arc side. In addition, the lowest point of the tenth arc 790 can be located inside the groove or on the upper side of the groove, and this embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0192] Table 4

[0193] Table 4 shows the simulation results of the relative brightness of Example 7 at the core viewing angle, horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and horizontal viewing angle of 48°. In Table 4, the relative brightness at a horizontal viewing angle of 32° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 in this embodiment of the present disclosure at a horizontal viewing angle of 32° to the brightness at a normal viewing angle. The relative brightness at a horizontal viewing angle of 48° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 in this embodiment of the present disclosure at a horizontal viewing angle of 48° to the brightness at a normal viewing angle.

[0194] Figure 20 shows the simulation results of the brightness decay of the display panel shown in Figure 18A. As can be seen from Table 4 and Figure 20, the relative brightness of Example 7 is 77% at the core viewing angle, 16% at the horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 0.5% at the horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the core viewing angle is relatively high, and the relative brightness approaches 0 after the horizontal viewing angle of 40°.

[0195] At this time, the method for manufacturing the display panel 100 may include:

[0196] First, a first electrode 21 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed on one side of the substrate 10 by sputtering and photolithography. Then, a pixel defining layer 40 and a pixel opening 41 are formed by coating and photolithography, with the pixel opening 41 exposing at least a portion of the first electrode 21. Next, a light-emitting functional layer 22 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed by evaporation using a fine mask. Finally, a second electrode 23 is formed by sputtering to form the light-emitting device 20.

[0197] The first inorganic encapsulation layer 91 is formed by deposition process, the organic encapsulation layer 93 is formed by coating process, and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 92 is formed by deposition process to form encapsulation layer 90.

[0198] The pattern is formed by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the first light-shielding layer 51; then planarization is carried out by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the second planarization layer 62; finally, the touch structure 210 is formed by sputtering and photolithography.

[0199] When the lens 70 is tangent to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be planarized by coating and photolithography processes, and then dried. When the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be formed by coating, then by photolithography to form a groove that matches the portion into which the lens 70 is embedded, and finally dried.

[0200] Using a suitable photomask, a pattern is formed through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form lens 70. During the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 90 seconds. Finally, planarization is achieved through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form a third planarization layer 63.

[0201] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 21A, 21B, and 22, the first cross-section S1 of at least one lens 70 is rectangular in shape. This rectangle includes not only standard rectangles but also shapes similar to rectangles. For example, the corners of the rectangle are rounded corners. For example, the sides of the rectangle (the left or right side of the rectangle in Figure 22) are rounded sides. In this case, the shape of the lens 70 can be cylindrical, with the diameter L8 of the base surface of the cylinder being 10 μm to 17 μm. Exemplarily, the diameter L8 of the base surface of the cylinder is any one of 10 μm, 10.4 μm, 10.7 μm, 11 μm, 11.5 μm, 11.7 μm, 12 μm, 12.4 μm, 12.5 μm, 13 μm, 13.5 μm, 14 μm, 14.5 μm, 15 μm, 15.5 μm, 16 μm, 16.5 μm, and 17 μm. The height H7 of the cylinder is 3μm-8μm. For example, the height H7 of the cylinder is any one of 3μm, 3.17μm, 3.5μm, 3.6μm, 3.8μm, 4μm, 4.2μm, 4.5μm, 4.7μm, 5μm, 5.5μm, 6μm, 6.5μm, 7μm, 7.5μm and 8μm.

[0202] It should be understood that when the ratio of the brightness at the preset viewing angle to the brightness at the normal viewing angle is less than the anti-peeping standard value, it is possible to prevent the viewer from peeping at the displayed content when the viewing angle is greater than or equal to the preset viewing angle. Both the preset viewing angle and the anti-peeping standard value can be set according to actual needs. The following simulations of some embodiments of this disclosure are given using a preset viewing angle of 32° or 48° horizontally as an example.

[0203] At this time, the lens 70 can be attached to the first planarization layer 61, or the lens 70 can be partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. Of course, there can also be a gap between the lens 70 and the first planarization layer 61, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0204] Example 9, as shown in Figure 21A, involves lens 70 being bonded to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. In this case, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10 lies within the range of the orthographic projection of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 (i.e., the bottom surface of lens 70) onto the substrate 10, resulting in better light-gathering effect. Furthermore, the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 coincides with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, or the distance between the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 and the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20 is less than or equal to 0.6 μm. Moreover, even when the center of the portion of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 does not coincide with the light-emitting center of the corresponding light-emitting device 20, the centers of the portions of lens 70 bonded to the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10 for different light-emitting devices 20 are offset in the same direction from the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20, resulting in better brightness uniformity. Of course, the center of the portion of the lens 70 corresponding to different light-emitting devices 20 that is attached to the plane of the first flat layer 61 away from the substrate 10 may be offset from the light-emitting center of the light-emitting device 20 in different directions. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not make specific limitations here.

[0205] Example 10, as shown in Figure 21B, involves a lens 70 partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. Specifically, a groove is formed on the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, and the groove does not penetrate the first planarization layer 61. The shape of the groove matches the shape of the lens 70. For example, the groove has a rectangular cross-section perpendicular to the plane containing the substrate 10. This rectangle includes not only standard rectangles but also shapes similar to rectangles. For example, the corners of the rectangle near the substrate 10 are rounded corners, and the corners away from the substrate 10 are straight corners. For example, the sides of the rectangle (the left or right side of the rectangle in Figure 22) are rounded sides.

[0206] Table 5

[0207] Table 5 shows the simulation results of the relative brightness of Example 9 at the core viewing angle, horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and horizontal viewing angle of 48°. In Table 5, the relative brightness at a horizontal viewing angle of 32° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 in this embodiment of the present disclosure at a horizontal viewing angle of 32° to the brightness at a normal viewing angle. The relative brightness at a horizontal viewing angle of 48° is the ratio of the brightness of the display panel 100 in this embodiment of the present disclosure at a horizontal viewing angle of 48° to the brightness at a normal viewing angle.

[0208] Figure 23 shows the simulation results of the brightness decay of the display panel shown in Figure 21A. As can be seen from Table 5 and Figure 23, the relative brightness of Example 8 is 72% at the core viewing angle, 6.5% at the horizontal viewing angle of 32°, and 0.8% at the horizontal viewing angle of 48°. The relative brightness at the core viewing angle is relatively high, and the relative brightness approaches 0 after the horizontal viewing angle of 40°.

[0209] At this time, the method for manufacturing the display panel 100 may include:

[0210] First, a first electrode 21 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed on one side of the substrate 10 by sputtering and photolithography. Then, a pixel defining layer 40 and a pixel opening 41 are formed by coating and photolithography, with the pixel opening 41 exposing at least a portion of the first electrode 21. Next, a light-emitting functional layer 22 of the light-emitting device 20 is formed by evaporation using a fine mask. Finally, a second electrode 23 is formed by sputtering to form the light-emitting device 20.

[0211] The first inorganic encapsulation layer 91 is formed by deposition process, the organic encapsulation layer 93 is formed by coating process, and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 92 is formed by deposition process to form encapsulation layer 90.

[0212] The pattern is formed by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the first light-shielding layer 51; then planarization is carried out by coating and photolithography, and then dried to form the second planarization layer 62; finally, the touch structure 210 is formed by sputtering and photolithography.

[0213] When the lens 70 is tangent to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be planarized by coating and photolithography processes, and then dried. When the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be formed by coating, then by photolithography to form a groove that matches the portion into which the lens 70 is embedded, and finally dried.

[0214] Using a suitable photomask, a pattern is formed through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form lens 70. During the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 95 seconds. Finally, planarization is achieved through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying to form a third planarization layer 63.

[0215] In any of the above examples, the heights of the multiple lenses 70 can be different. In this case, the light transmitted through lenses 70 at different heights will have different brightness attenuations with different viewing angles. Thus, by changing the height of the lenses 70, the light emission efficiency of the core viewing angle or the edge viewing angle can be adjusted, thereby meeting the light emission efficiency requirements of different core viewing angles and different privacy protection design requirements.

[0216] Furthermore, the above examples can be combined arbitrarily, that is, multiple lenses 70 are selected from at least two types of lenses 70 in the above embodiments to adjust the light output efficiency of the core viewpoint or the edge viewpoint, thereby meeting the light output efficiency requirements of different core viewpoints and different privacy protection design requirements.

[0217] For example, the display panel 100 includes a plurality of lenses 70, including a first lens and a second lens. At a first preset viewing angle, the brightness of the light transmitted through the first lens is less than the brightness of the light transmitted through the second lens. This first preset viewing angle can be, for example, 30° to 50°. In this case, the first lens and the second lens are lenses 70 as described in different examples above. Thus, by using different lenses 70, the light emission efficiency of the core viewing angle and the edge viewing angle can be adjusted, thereby meeting different light emission efficiency requirements for the core viewing angle and different privacy protection design requirements.

[0218] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 4A and 4B, the display panel 100 may further include a third planarization layer 63, which is disposed on the side of the lens 70 away from the substrate 10. The refractive index of the third planarization layer 63 is less than that of the lens 70, thereby reducing the total internal reflection angle of the light emitted from the light-emitting device 20 at the surface of the lens 70 away from the substrate 10. This allows more light to pass through the lens 70, increasing the total luminous flux, improving light extraction efficiency, and reducing the power consumption of the display device 1000.

[0219] The refractive index of the lens 70 can be between 1.57 and 1.75. For example, the refractive index of the lens 70 is any one of 1.57, 1.59, 1.6, 1.62, 1.64, 1.65, 1.67, 1.7, 1.71, 1.73 and 1.75.

[0220] The refractive index of the third planarization layer 63 can be 1.3 to 1.4. For example, the refractive index of the third planarization layer 63 can be any one of 1.3, 1.31, 1.32, 1.33, 1.34, 1.35, 1.36, 1.37, 1.38, 1.39 and 1.4.

[0221] Please refer to Figures 4A and 4B. The display panel 100 may also include a second buffer layer 11, which is disposed between the pixel circuit 30 and the substrate 10 to serve as an insulating buffer.

[0222] Some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a method for manufacturing a display panel, used to manufacture the display panel 100 of any of the above embodiments. Referring to FIG24, the manufacturing method includes steps S100 to S500.

[0223] S100: A pixel defining layer is formed on one side of the substrate.

[0224] In the above steps, referring to Figures 4A and 5, the pixel defining layer 40 is provided with a plurality of pixel openings 41. The pixel defining layer 40 can be formed by coating and photolithography processes.

[0225] S200: Forms a light-emitting device.

[0226] In the above steps, referring to Figure 4A, the light-emitting device 20 is disposed in the pixel opening 41. Before S100, the first electrode 21 of the light-emitting device 20 can be formed by sputtering and photolithography processes. During S100, at least a portion of the first electrode 21 is exposed in the pixel opening 41. After S100, the light-emitting functional layer 22 of the light-emitting device 20 can be formed by evaporation using a fine mask, and finally, the second electrode 23 is formed by sputtering.

[0227] After S200, an encapsulation layer 90 can be formed. Specifically, a first inorganic encapsulation layer 91 can be formed by a deposition process, an organic encapsulation layer 93 can be formed by a coating process, and finally a second inorganic encapsulation layer 92 can be formed by a deposition process.

[0228] S300: Forms a light-shielding layer.

[0229] In the above steps, referring to FIG4A, the light-shielding layer 50 is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer 40 away from the substrate 10. The light-shielding layer 50 has a first opening 501, and in the orthographic projection onto the substrate 10, the light-emitting device 20 at least partially overlaps with the first opening 501. The light-shielding layer 50 may include only the first light-shielding layer 51, or it may include both the first light-shielding layer 51 and the second light-shielding layer 52.

[0230] For example, the light-shielding layer 50 includes a first light-shielding layer 51 and a second light-shielding layer 52. The first light-shielding layer 51 is patterned by coating and photolithography processes, and then dried. The second light-shielding layer 52 can be formed from at least one touch metal layer in the touch structure 210. For example, after forming the first light-shielding layer 51, a second planarization layer 62 can also be formed, which is disposed on the side of the first light-shielding layer 51 away from the substrate 10. The second planarization layer 62 can be planarized by coating and photolithography processes, and then dried. Furthermore, after forming the second planarization layer 62, a touch structure 210 can also be formed, which is disposed on the side of the second planarization layer 62 away from the substrate 10. The touch structure 210 can be formed by sputtering and photolithography processes, and includes a first touch layer 210a and a second touch layer 210b, where the first touch layer 210a and / or the second touch layer 210b can serve as the second light-shielding layer 52.

[0231] S400: Formation of the first flattening layer.

[0232] In the above steps, referring to Figure 4A, the first planarization layer 61 is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the light-emitting device 20. Where the lens 70 formed in S500 is tangent to or adheres to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be planarized by a coating process and a photolithography process, followed by drying. Where the lens 70 formed in S500 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, the first planarization layer 61 can be formed by a coating process, followed by a photolithography process to form a groove matching the portion into which the lens 70 is embedded, and finally drying.

[0233] S500: Form at least one lens.

[0234] In the above steps, the lens 70 is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10. Furthermore, the orthogonal projection of the lens 70 onto the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting device 20 onto the substrate 10. The lens 70 is tangential to or attached to the plane of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10, or the lens 70 is partially embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer 61 away from the substrate 10. The lens 70 can be formed by using a corresponding mask, forming a pattern through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying.

[0235] In some examples, referring to Figures 7 and 8, the first cross-section S1 of the lens 70 includes a first arc 71 and a second arc 72, the two ends of the first arc 71 and the second arc 72 are connected, and the first arc 71 is located on the side of the second arc 72 closer to the substrate 10. In this case, during the drying process, the temperature can be set to 85°C and maintained for 120 seconds.

[0236] In some examples, referring to Figures 11 and 12, the first section S1 of the lens 70 includes a first straight line 701, a third arc 73, a first connecting line 710, and a second connecting line 720. The first straight line 701 and the third arc 73 are arranged opposite to each other, with the first straight line 701 located on the side of the third arc 73 closer to the substrate, and the third arc 73 arching away from the substrate 10. The two ends of the first straight line 701 are connected to the two ends of the third arc 73 through the first connecting line 710 and the second connecting line 720, respectively. In this case, during the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 130 seconds.

[0237] In some examples, referring to Figures 15 and 16, the first section S1 of the lens 70 includes a fourth straight line 704, a fifth straight line 705, a third connecting line 730, and a fourth connecting line 740. The fourth straight line 704 and the fifth straight line 705 are arranged opposite each other, with the fourth straight line 704 located on the side of the fifth straight line 705 closer to the substrate 10, and the length of the fourth straight line 704 is greater than the length of the fifth straight line 705. The two ends of the fourth straight line 704 are connected to the two ends of the fifth straight line 705 through the third connecting line 730 and the fourth connecting line 740, respectively. In this case, during the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 110 seconds.

[0238] In some examples, referring to Figure 19, the first section S1 of the lens 70 includes a tenth arc 790, an eighth straight line 708, an eleventh arc 791, and a twelfth arc 792. The tenth arc 790 and the eighth straight line 708 are arranged opposite each other, with the eighth straight line 708 located on the side of the tenth arc 790 closer to the substrate 10. The tenth arc 790 arches towards the substrate 10, and the length of the eighth straight line 708 is less than the distance between the two endpoints of the tenth arc 790. The two ends of the tenth arc 790 are connected to the two ends of the eighth straight line 708 via the eleventh arc 791 and the twelfth arc 792, respectively. In this case, during the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 90 seconds.

[0239] In some examples, referring to Figure 22, the first cross-section S1 of lens 70 is rectangular. In this case, during the drying process, the temperature can be reduced from 85°C to 80°C and maintained for 95 seconds.

[0240] Furthermore, after S500, a third planarization layer 63 can be formed. The third planarization layer 63 is disposed on the side of the lens 70 away from the substrate 10, and the refractive index of the third planarization layer 63 is less than the refractive index of the lens 70. The third planarization layer 63 can be formed by planarization through coating and photolithography processes, followed by drying.

[0241] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0242] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, comprising: Substrate; A pixel defining layer is disposed on one side of the substrate; The pixel defining layer has multiple pixel openings; A light-emitting device is disposed in the pixel opening; A light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate; the light-shielding layer has a first opening, and in a positive projection onto the substrate, at least one of the light-emitting devices at least partially overlaps with the first opening; A first planarization layer is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate; At least one lens is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate; and the orthogonal projection of the lens onto the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of at least one of the light-emitting devices onto the substrate; the lens is tangent to or attached to the plane of the first flat layer away from the substrate, or the lens is partially embedded in the surface of the first flat layer away from the substrate.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the lenses has a first cross section comprising a first arc and a second arc, the two ends of the first arc and the second arc being connected, and the first arc being located on the side of the second arc closer to the substrate; the first cross section is a cross section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein, The ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the first arc to the arch height of the first arc is 3 to 6; and / or the ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the second arc to the arch height of the second arc is 3 to 6.

4. The display panel according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, The absolute value of the difference between the arch height of the first arc and the arch height of the second arc is less than or equal to 1 μm.

5. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, At least one of the lenses has a first cross section comprising a first straight line, a third arc, a first connecting line, and a second connecting line. The first straight line and the third arc are arranged opposite to each other. The first straight line is located on the side of the third arc closer to the substrate, and the third arc arches away from the substrate. The two ends of the first straight line are connected to the two ends of the third arc through the first connecting line and the second connecting line, respectively. The first cross section is the cross section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein, The ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the third arc to the arch height of the third arc is 3 to 6; and / or the ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the third arc to a first distance is 3 to 6, where the first distance is the distance between the line connecting the two endpoints of the third arc and the first straight line.

7. The display panel according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, The absolute value of the difference between the arch height of the third arc and the first distance is less than or equal to 1 μm, and the first distance is the distance between the line connecting the two endpoints of the first arc and the first straight line.

8. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, At least one of the lenses has a first cross section comprising a fourth straight line, a fifth straight line, a third connecting line, and a fourth connecting line. The fourth straight line and the fifth straight line are arranged opposite to each other. The fourth straight line is located on the side of the fifth straight line closer to the substrate, and the length of the fourth straight line is greater than the length of the fifth straight line. The two ends of the fourth straight line are connected to the two ends of the fifth straight line through the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line, respectively. The first cross section is the cross section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

9. The display panel according to claim 8, wherein, The difference between the length of the fourth line and the length of the fifth line is 4μm to 6μm.

10. The display panel according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The distance between the fourth line and the fifth line is 4μm to 6μm.

11. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, At least one of the lens's first cross-sections includes a tenth arc, an eighth straight line, an eleventh arc, and a twelfth arc. The tenth arc and the eighth straight line are arranged opposite each other. The eighth straight line is located on the side of the tenth arc closer to the substrate. The tenth arc arches towards the substrate, and the length of the eighth straight line is less than the distance between the two endpoints of the tenth arc. The two ends of the tenth arc are connected to the two ends of the eighth straight line through the eleventh arc and the twelfth arc, respectively. The first cross-section is a cross-section of the lens in a plane perpendicular to the substrate.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein, The difference between the distance between the two endpoints of the tenth arc and the distance between the eighth straight line is 2μm to 7μm.

13. The display panel according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The ratio of the distance between the two endpoints of the tenth arc to the arch height of the tenth arc is 5 to 15.

14. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, At least one of the lenses has a rectangular shape in the first cross section.

15. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The lens portion is embedded in the surface of the first planarization layer away from the substrate, and the depth of the lens embedded in the first planarization layer is less than or equal to 2 μm.

16. The display panel according to claim 15, wherein, A groove is formed on the surface of the first planar layer away from the substrate 10, and a portion of the lens is located in the groove; the shape of the groove in the cross section perpendicular to the plane where the substrate is located is any one of an arc shape, a rectangle, a regular trapezoid, and an inverted trapezoid.

17. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising: A shared sub-pixel is disposed on the substrate; the shared sub-pixel includes the light-emitting device. A privacy sub-pixel is disposed on the substrate; the privacy sub-pixel includes the light-emitting device, and the lens is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device of the privacy sub-pixel away from the substrate, and the orthogonal projection of the lens on the substrate overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting device of the privacy sub-pixel on the substrate.

18. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising a plurality of lenses, the plurality of lenses including a first lens and a second lens, wherein, at a first preset viewing angle, the brightness of the light transmitted by the first lens is less than the brightness of the light transmitted by the second lens; the first preset viewing angle is 30° to 50°.

19. A display device, comprising: The display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 18; The circuit board is connected to the display panel.

20. A method for manufacturing a display panel, used to manufacture a display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 18, the method comprising: A pixel defining layer is formed on one side of the substrate; The pixel defining layer has multiple pixel openings; Forming light-emitting devices; The light-emitting device is disposed at the pixel opening; Form a light-blocking layer; The light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate; the light-shielding layer has a first opening, and in a positive projection onto the substrate, at least one of the light-emitting devices at least partially overlaps with the first opening; A first planarization layer is formed; the first planarization layer is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the light-emitting device; At least one lens is formed; the at least one lens is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate; and the orthogonal projection of the lens on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of at least one of the light-emitting devices on the substrate; the lens is tangent to or attached to the plane of the first flat layer away from the substrate, or the lens is partially embedded in the surface of the first flat layer away from the substrate.

Images