Method and apparatus for receiving and sending reference signal, and communication system

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for receiving and sending a reference signal, and a communication system. The apparatus for receiving a reference signal is applied to a terminal device, the terminal device is configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management comprises spatial-domain beam prediction (BM case-1), the apparatus comprises a first receiver, and the first receiver performs the following operations: being configured with a first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) for training data collection; and receiving reference signals in the first resource set and reference signals in the second resource set in a predetermined time sequence, wherein the terminal device performs measurement on the first resource set, a result of the measurement being used for training data corresponding to an output of the artificial intelligence model or function, and the terminal device performs measurement on the second resource set, the second resource set being used for training data corresponding to an input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

Description

Methods and apparatus for receiving and transmitting reference signals, and communication systems Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to the field of communication technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the new Radio Release 14 (NR Rel-14), artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) for the air interface was investigated. AI / ML can be used for the following use cases: Channel State Information (CSI) feedback enhancement, beam management, and positioning enhancement. CSI feedback enhancement can include CSI prediction and CSI compression; beam management can include spatial domain beam prediction (i.e., BM case-1) and temporal beam prediction (i.e., BM case-2); positioning enhancement can include direct positioning and AI / ML-assisted positioning.

[0003] Beam management includes: spatial domain beam prediction and temporal beam prediction. The network device can configure a set of beams (i.e., reference signals) for measurement (e.g., set B) for the terminal device, and measurements for set B are used as input to AI / ML functions / models. The network device can also configure a set of beams (i.e., reference signals) for prediction (e.g., set A), for example, set A can be used for inference.

[0004] In some sub-use cases, a two-sided model can be used, meaning the AI / ML function or model resides on both the terminal device side and the network device side. In other sub-use cases, a one-sided model can be used, meaning the AI / ML function or model resides either on the terminal device side or on the network device side. For beam management, the AI / ML model can reside on both the terminal device side and / or on the network device side.

[0005] In CSI prediction, AI / ML functions or models can be configured on the terminal device side. The terminal device can measure the reference signal on one or more time instances in the observation window and predict the CSI on one or more time instances in the future prediction window.

[0006] In scenarios where AI / ML functions or models are used for beam management, performance monitoring can be performed on the AI / ML functions or models to check their performance, thereby facilitating the control of the AI / ML functions or models. This control may be, for example, at least one of activation, deactivation, selection, switching, and fallback of the AI / ML function or model.

[0007] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is only for the purpose of providing a clear and complete explanation of the technical solutions of this application and facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art. It should not be assumed that these technical solutions are known to those skilled in the art simply because they have been described in the background section of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The inventors discovered that in scenarios where AI / ML functions or models are used for beam management, it is necessary to train the AI / ML functions or models in advance using training data, but how to collect training data requires further research.

[0009] To address at least one of the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, and communication system for receiving and transmitting reference signals, wherein a terminal device receives reference signals from a first resource set (e.g., Set A) and a second resource set (e.g., Set B) for training data collection in a predetermined timing sequence. As a result, the timing relationship between the reference signals in the first and second resource sets becomes clearer, facilitating training data collection.

[0010] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an apparatus for receiving a reference signal is provided, applied to a terminal device, the terminal device being configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management including spatial beam prediction (BM case-1), the apparatus including a first receiver, the first receiver performing the following operations:

[0011] A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) are configured for training data collection;

[0012] The reference signals from the first resource set and the reference signals from the second resource set are received in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0013] The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0014] The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0015] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an apparatus for receiving a reference signal is provided, applied to a terminal device, the terminal device being configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management including time-domain beam prediction (BM case-2), the apparatus including a first receiver, the first receiver performing the following operations:

[0016] A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) are configured for training data collection;

[0017] The reference signals from the first resource set and the reference signals from the second resource set are received in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0018] in,

[0019] The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0020] The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0021] The first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0022] The second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0023] One of the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application is that the terminal device receives reference signals from a first resource set (e.g., Set A) and a second resource set (e.g., Set B) for training data collection in a predetermined timing sequence. As a result, the timing relationship between the reference signals in the first resource set and the second resource set is clearer, which facilitates the collection of training data.

[0024] Specific embodiments of this application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, indicating how the principles of this application can be adopted. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application are not limited in scope. Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, embodiments of this application include many changes, modifications, and equivalents.

[0025] Features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments.

[0026] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, whole, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, or components. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The elements and features described in one drawing or embodiment of this application may be combined with elements and features shown in one or more other drawings or embodiments. Furthermore, in the drawings, similar reference numerals denote corresponding parts in several drawings and can be used to indicate corresponding parts used in more than one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for receiving a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the first symbol of the first resource set immediately following the last symbol of the second resource set;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting a reference signal;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a device for receiving a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the network device configuration according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the foregoing and other features of this application will become apparent from the following description. Specific embodiments of this application are specifically disclosed in the description and drawings, illustrating partial implementations in which the principles of this application may be employed. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the described embodiments; rather, it includes all modifications, variations, and equivalents falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish different elements by name, but do not indicate the spatial arrangement or chronological order of these elements, and these elements should not be limited by these terms. The term "and / or" includes any one or more of the terms listed in association and all combinations thereof. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," etc., refer to the presence of the stated features, elements, components, or assemblies, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, or assemblies.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the singular forms "a," "the," etc., including the plural forms, should be broadly understood as "a kind" or "a class" rather than limited to the meaning of "an." Furthermore, the term "the" should be understood to include both the singular and plural forms, unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise. Additionally, the term "according to" should be understood as "at least partially based on…," and the term "based on" should be understood as "at least partially based on…," unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the term "communication network" or "wireless communication network" may refer to a network that conforms to any of the following communication standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), etc.

[0040] Furthermore, communication between devices in a communication system can be carried out according to communication protocols at any stage, including but not limited to the following communication protocols: 1G (generation), 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G and 5G, New Radio (NR), future 6G, etc., and / or other currently known or future communication protocols.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the term "network device" refers, for example, to a device in a communication system that connects a terminal device to a communication network and provides services to that terminal device. Network devices may include, but are not limited to, the following devices: base station (BS), access point (AP), transmission reception point (TRP), broadcast transmitter, mobile management entity (MME), gateway, server, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), etc.

[0042] Base stations can include, but are not limited to: NodeBs (or NBs), evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs or eNBs), and 5G base stations (gNBs), IAB hosts, etc. They can also include Remote Radio Heads (RRHs), Remote Radio Units (RRUs), relays, or low-power nodes (e.g., femeto, pico, etc.). The term "base station" can encompass some or all of their functions, and each base station can provide communication coverage to a specific geographic area. The term "cell" can refer to a base station and / or its coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "User Equipment" (UE) or "Terminal Equipment" (TE) refer, for example, to a device that accesses a communication network and receives network services through a network device. Terminal equipment can be fixed or mobile, and may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), terminal, subscriber station (SS), access terminal (AT), station, mobile terminal (MT), etc.

[0044] The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, the following devices: cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless communication device, handheld device, machine-type communication device, laptop computer, cordless phone, smartphone, smartwatch, digital camera, etc.

[0045] For example, in scenarios such as the Internet of Things (IoT), terminal devices can also be machines or devices for monitoring or measurement, such as including but not limited to: machine-type communication (MTC) terminals, vehicle communication terminals, device-to-device (D2D) terminals, machine-to-machine (M2M) terminals, and so on.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "network side" or "network equipment side" refer to one side of the network, which can be a base station or include one or more network devices as described above. The terms "user side," "terminal side," or "terminal equipment side" refer to the side of the user or terminal, which can be a UE or include one or more terminal devices as described above. Unless otherwise specified, "equipment" can refer to either network equipment or terminal equipment.

[0047] In the following description, without causing confusion, the terms “uplink control signal” and “uplink control information (UCI)” or “physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)” are used interchangeably, as are the terms “uplink data signal” and “uplink data information” or “physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)”.

[0048] The terms “downlink control signal” and “downlink control information (DCI)” or “physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)” are interchangeable, as are the terms “downlink data signal” and “downlink data information (PDSCH)” or “physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)”.

[0049] Additionally, uplink signals can include uplink data signals and / or uplink control signals and / or PRACH and / or SRS, etc., and can also be referred to as uplink transmission (UL transmission), uplink information, or uplink channel. Sending / receiving uplink transmission on uplink resources can be understood as using that uplink resource to send / receive the uplink transmission. Downlink signals can include downlink data signals and / or downlink control signals and / or synchronization signals (SS, such as PSS / SSS) and / or broadcast channel (PBCH) and / or SSB (SS / PBCH block, including PSS, SSS, and PBCH and their DMRS) and / or CSI-RS, etc., and can also be referred to as downlink transmission (DL transmission), downlink information, or downlink channel. Sending / receiving downlink transmission on downlink resources can be understood as using that downlink resource to send / receive the downlink transmission.

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, higher-layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling; RRC signaling may include, for example, RRC messages, such as broadcast / public RRC messages / signaling (e.g., Master Information Block (MIB), system information), private RRC messages / signaling; or RRC information elements (RRC IE); or information fields (or information fields included in information fields) included in RRC messages or RRC information elements. Higher-layer signaling may also be, for example, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling; or referred to as MAC control elements (MAC CE). However, this application is not limited to these.

[0051] In the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to at least two, or two or more.

[0052] In this application embodiment, "predefined" refers to what is specified by the protocol or determined according to the rules specified by the protocol, and does not require additional configuration. "Configuration / instruction" refers to what the network device directly or indirectly configures / instructs through higher-layer signaling and / or physical layer signaling. Configuration / instruction can be achieved by introducing higher-layer parameters into the higher-layer signaling. Higher-layer parameters refer to information fields and / or information elements / information units / information cells (IEs) in the higher-layer signaling. Physical layer signaling refers to, for example, control information (DCI) carried by the physical downlink control channel or control information carried by the sequence, but is not limited to these.

[0053] For ease of description, the following description uses a base station as an example of an access network device. In the following description, without causing confusion, "if...", "in the case of...", and "when..." can be used interchangeably.

[0054] The following examples illustrate the scenarios of embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited thereto.

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application, illustrating the case of a terminal device and a network device as examples. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 may include a network device 101 and terminal devices 102 and 103. For simplicity, Figure 1 only illustrates the case of two terminal devices and one network device, but the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0056] In this embodiment of the application, network device 101 and terminal devices 102 and 103 can transmit existing services or services that can be implemented in the future. For example, these services may include, but are not limited to: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC), etc.

[0057] It is worth noting that Figure 1 shows that both terminal devices 102 and 103 are within the coverage area of ​​network device 101, but this application is not limited to this. Both terminal devices 102 and 103 may be outside the coverage area of ​​network device 101, or one terminal device 102 may be within the coverage area of ​​network device 101 while the other terminal device 103 may be outside the coverage area of ​​network device 101.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, one or more AI / ML functions or models may be configured and run in the network device and / or terminal device. The AI / ML functions or models can be used for various signal processing functions of wireless communication, such as channel state information (CSI) prediction, CSI compression, beam prediction, positioning management, etc.; this application is not limited thereto.

[0059] In the various embodiments of this application, the following terms have the same meaning and can be used interchangeably: AI / ML, artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence, or machine learning.

[0060] In various embodiments of this application, AI / ML functionality / model may also be referred to as AI / ML function or model, artificial intelligence or machine learning function or model, artificial intelligence function or model, etc., which have the same meaning and can be used interchangeably in this application.

[0061] First aspect of the embodiments

[0062] This application provides a method for receiving a reference signal, which will be described from the perspective of a terminal device.

[0063] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for receiving a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the method for receiving a reference signal includes:

[0064] 201. A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) configured for training data collection;

[0065] 202. Receive the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0066] In the method for receiving reference signals shown in Figure 2, the terminal device is configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management.

[0067] In operation 201 of this application, the network device can configure a first resource set and a second resource set for the terminal device to collect training data. The first resource set is, for example, Set A, and the second resource set is, for example, Set B.

[0068] In operation 202 of this application, the network device can send a reference signal (RS) from a first resource set and a reference signal from a second resource set to the terminal device in a predetermined timing sequence, thereby enabling the terminal device to receive the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0069] In this application, the terminal device can measure the reference signals received from the first resource set and the second resource set respectively to obtain training data (i.e., collected training data). This training data can be used to train an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management. For example, the training data can be sent by the terminal device to a training device, which uses the training data to train the artificial intelligence model or function for beam management. The training device can be a server or the like.

[0070] The reference signals in the first resource set are correlated with the reference signals in the second resource set. During training, the device inputs the measurement results of the reference signals from the second resource set into the artificial intelligence model or function, compares the output of the artificial intelligence model or function with the measurement results of the correlated reference signals from the first resource set, and adjusts the parameters in the artificial intelligence model or function accordingly, thereby training the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0071] In some embodiments of Figure 2, the beam management performed by the configured artificial intelligence model or function of the terminal device includes, for example, spatial domain beam prediction (i.e., BM case-1). The method for receiving the reference signal shown in Figure 2 will be described below with reference to specific embodiments, using spatial domain beam prediction (i.e., BM case-1) as an example.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] In Embodiment 1, beam management includes, for example, spatial domain beam prediction (i.e., BM case-1). For training an artificial intelligence model or function, the terminal device is configured with a first resource set and a second resource set for training data collection. Reference signals from both the first and second resource sets are sent to the terminal device, and the terminal device measures both the received reference signals from the first and second resource sets to obtain training data.

[0074] According to one aspect of Embodiment 1, the terminal device receives reference signals from a first resource set (e.g., Set A) and a second resource set (e.g., Set B) in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0075] In the first alternative:

[0076] The first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; for example, the first symbol of the first resource set immediately follows the last symbol of the second resource set.

[0077] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set, where S1 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0078] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set precedes S2 symbols before the first symbol of the second resource set, where S2 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0079] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set;

[0080] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the last symbol of the second resource set, where T1 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0081] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set, where T2 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0082] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the first symbol of the first resource set immediately following the last symbol of the second resource set. The symbols in Figure 3 are, for example, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

[0083] In the second alternative scheme, the first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0084] In the third alternative scheme, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the second resource set. This association can be pre-set or explicitly or implicitly configured.

[0085] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, which is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the nearest second resource set may be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set, wherein the predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0086] In other examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, which is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set falls within a predetermined time window. For example, the predetermined time window may include X symbols or time slots, where X is predetermined, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set can be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set, where the predetermined symbols are, for example, the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol. For instance, if the transmission timing of the first resource set does not have a transmission of the nearest second resource set within the predetermined time window, then the measurement results for the transmission timing of the first resource set will not be used for training data collection.

[0087] In the fourth alternative scheme, the measurement results for the first resource set and the measurement results for the second resource set are associated. This association can be pre-defined or explicitly or implicitly configured.

[0088] In some examples, measurements for the first resource set are correlated with measurements for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, the transmission of the first resource set occurring earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the nearest second resource set may be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets, wherein the predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0089] In other examples, measurements of the first resource set are correlated with measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set, the transmission of the first resource set occurring earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set falls within a predetermined time window. For example, this predetermined time window may include X symbols or time slots, where X is predetermined, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device. The transmission of the closest second resource set can be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols are, for example, the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol. For example, if the transmission of the closest second resource set to the transmission of the first resource set occurs within a predetermined time window of the transmission of the first resource set (i.e., there is no transmission of the closest second resource set within the predetermined time window of the transmission of the first resource set), then the measurement results for the transmission of the first resource set and the measurement results for the transmission of the closest second resource set can be discarded. That is, these measurement results will not be used for training data collection.

[0090] According to another aspect of Embodiment 1, the first resource set and the second resource set can be configured with the same Transmission Configuration Indication State (TCI state). For example, the reference signal in the first resource set and the reference signal in the second resource set can be a Type-D quasi-co-location relationship (QCLed with Type-D).

[0091] According to another aspect of Embodiment 1, when a reference signal (e.g., a reference signal in a first resource set and / or a reference signal in a second resource set) is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0092] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured (e.g., a reference signal from a first resource set and a reference signal from a second resource set are configured with an association identifier), then that association identifier is included in the collected data.

[0093] In other examples, if two association identifiers are configured (e.g., a reference signal from a first resource set and a reference signal from a second resource set are each configured with an association identifier), then these two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first and second resource sets is predefined or configured. For example, when the terminal device sends the collected data, the first and second association identifiers are included in the collected data and sent together, wherein the first association identifier is configured for the second resource set and the second association identifier is configured for the first resource set.

[0094] Below, with reference to specific embodiments, taking time-domain beam prediction (i.e., BM case-2) as an example, the method for receiving the reference signal shown in Figure 2 will be described.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] In Embodiment 2, beam management includes, for example, temporal beam prediction (i.e., BM case-2). For training an artificial intelligence model or function, the terminal device is configured with a first resource set and a second resource set for training data collection. Reference signals from both the first and second resource sets are sent to the terminal device, and the terminal device measures both the received reference signals from the first and second resource sets to obtain training data.

[0097] In Example 2, the first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic, and the second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic. For example, the first resource set is periodic or semi-persistent, and the second resource set is periodic or semi-persistent; that is, aperiodic resource sets are not applicable to either the first or second resource set.

[0098] In embodiment 2, the first resource set may correspond to a time instance, which is, for example, a time instance used to transmit reference signals in the first resource set. The unit of the time instance is, for example, a symbol or a time slot.

[0099] In some examples, the first resource set can be configured with multiple sets, each set corresponding to at least one time instance. For example, each set can be sent to the terminal device on its corresponding time instance.

[0100] In other examples, the first resource set is configured with a set and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance. For example, the set of the first resource set is sent to the terminal device at a time instance with a certain time offset relative to a certain time instance.

[0101] In other examples, the first resource set is configured as a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance. For example, each subset can be sent to the terminal device on its corresponding time instance. Subsets can also be called groups or sub-configurations, etc., and these terms can be used interchangeably.

[0102] In embodiment 2, the second resource set may correspond to a time instance, which is, for example, a time instance used to transmit reference signals in the second resource set. The unit of the time instance is, for example, a symbol or a time slot.

[0103] In some examples, the second resource set can be configured with multiple sets, each set corresponding to at least one time instance. For example, each set can be sent to the terminal device on the corresponding time instance.

[0104] In other examples, the second resource set is configured with a set and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance. For example, the set of the first resource set is sent to the terminal device on a time instance with a certain time offset relative to a certain time instance.

[0105] In other examples, the second resource set is configured as a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance. For example, each subset can be sent to the terminal device on its corresponding time instance. Subsets can also be called groups or sub-configurations, etc., and they can be used interchangeably.

[0106] According to one aspect of Embodiment 2, the terminal device receives reference signals in a first resource set (e.g., Set A) and a second resource set (e.g., Set B) in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0107] In the first alternative:

[0108] The first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; for example, the first symbol of the first resource set immediately follows the last symbol of the second resource set.

[0109] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set, where S1 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0110] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set precedes S2 symbols before the first symbol of the second resource set, where S2 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0111] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set;

[0112] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the last symbol of the second resource set, where T1 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0113] Alternatively, the first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set, where T2 is a natural number and is preset, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device.

[0114] In the second alternative scheme, the first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0115] In the third alternative scheme, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the second resource set. This association can be pre-set or explicitly or implicitly configured.

[0116] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, which is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the nearest second resource set may be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set, wherein the predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0117] In other examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, which is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set falls within a predetermined time window. For example, the predetermined time window may include X symbols or time slots, where X is predetermined, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set can be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set, where the predetermined symbols are, for example, the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol. For instance, if the transmission timing of the first resource set does not have a transmission of the nearest second resource set within the predetermined time window, then the measurement results for the transmission timing of the first resource set will not be used for training data collection.

[0118] In the fourth alternative scheme, the measurement results for the first resource set and the measurement results for the second resource set are associated. This association can be pre-defined or explicitly or implicitly configured.

[0119] In some examples, measurements for the first resource set are correlated with measurements for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, the transmission of the first resource set occurring earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the nearest second resource set may be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets, wherein the predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0120] In other examples, measurements of the first resource set are correlated with measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set, the transmission of the first resource set occurring earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set falls within a predetermined time window. For example, this predetermined time window may include X symbols or time slots, where X is predetermined, configured, or depends on the capabilities of the terminal device. The transmission of the closest second resource set can be determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols are, for example, the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol. For example, if the transmission of the closest second resource set to the transmission of the first resource set occurs within a predetermined time window of the transmission of the first resource set (i.e., there is no transmission of the closest second resource set within the predetermined time window of the transmission of the first resource set), then the measurement results for the transmission of the first resource set and the measurement results for the transmission of the closest second resource set can be discarded. That is, these measurement results will not be used for training data collection.

[0121] According to another aspect of Embodiment 2, the first resource set and the second resource set can be configured with the same Transmission Configuration Indication State (TCI state). For example, the reference signal in the first resource set and the reference signal in the second resource set can be a Type-D quasi-co-location relationship (QCLed with Type-D).

[0122] According to another aspect of Embodiment 2, when a reference signal (e.g., a reference signal in a first resource set and / or a reference signal in a second resource set) is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0123] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured (e.g., a reference signal from a first resource set and a reference signal from a second resource set are configured with an association identifier), then that association identifier is included in the collected data.

[0124] In other examples, if two association identifiers are configured (e.g., a reference signal from a first resource set and a reference signal from a second resource set are each configured with an association identifier), then these two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first and second resource sets is predefined or configured. For example, when the terminal device sends the collected data, the first and second association identifiers are included in the collected data and sent together, wherein the first association identifier is configured for the second resource set and the second association identifier is configured for the first resource set.

[0125] It is worth noting that Figure 2 above is only an illustrative description of the embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited thereto. For example, the execution order between various operations can be appropriately adjusted, and other operations can be added or some operations can be removed. Those skilled in the art can make appropriate modifications based on the above content, and are not limited to the description in Figure 2 above.

[0126] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited thereto, and appropriate modifications can be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments can be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments can be combined.

[0127] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the terminal device receives reference signals from a first resource set (e.g., Set A) and a second resource set (e.g., Set B) for training data collection in a predetermined timing sequence. As a result, the timing relationship between the reference signals in the first resource set and the second resource set is clearer, which facilitates the collection of training data.

[0128] Second aspect of the embodiments

[0129] This application provides a method for transmitting a reference signal, described from the perspective of a network device. In a second aspect, an artificial intelligence function or model is configured on the terminal device side, and this artificial intelligence function or model is used for beam management.

[0130] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting a reference signal. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes:

[0131] Operation 401: Configure a first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) for the terminal device to collect training data;

[0132] Operation 402: Send the reference signal of the first resource set and the reference signal of the second resource set to the terminal device in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0133] In some embodiments, the beam management performed by the artificial intelligence function or model includes spatial beam prediction (BM case-1).

[0134] In some examples, the terminal device measures the first resource set, and the result of the measurement is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function. The terminal device also measures the second resource set, and the second resource set is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0135] In some examples, the first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0136] The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0137] The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0138] The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0139] The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0140] The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0141] The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0142] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0143] In some examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, the first resource set being transmitted earlier or later than the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the nearest second resource set being within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0144] In some examples, the measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0145] In some examples, measurements of the first resource set and measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set are correlated, where the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0146] In some examples, the first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication (TCI) state.

[0147] In some instances, where the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0148] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then one of the association identifiers is included in the collected data; or

[0149] If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

[0150] In other embodiments, the beam management performed by the artificial intelligence function or model includes temporal beam prediction (BM case-2).

[0151] In some examples, the terminal device measures the first resource set, and the result of the measurement is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function; the terminal device measures the second resource set, and the second resource set is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0152] In some examples, the first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic, and the second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0153] In some examples, the first resource set is configured with multiple sets, each corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0154] The first resource set is configured with a collection and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0155] The first resource set is configured into a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

[0156] In some examples, the second resource set is configured with multiple sets, each corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0157] The second resource set is configured with a collection and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0158] The second resource set is configured as a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

[0159] In some examples, the first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0160] The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0161] The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0162] The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0163] The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0164] The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0165] The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0166] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0167] In some examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, the first resource set being transmitted earlier or later than the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the nearest second resource set being within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0168] In some examples, the measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0169] In some examples, measurements of the first resource set and measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set are correlated, where the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0170] In some examples, the first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication (TCI) state.

[0171] In some instances, where the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0172] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then one of the association identifiers is included in the collected data; or

[0173] If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

[0174] It is worth noting that Figure 4 above is only an illustrative description of the embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited thereto. For example, the execution order between various operations can be appropriately adjusted, and other operations can be added or some operations can be removed. Those skilled in the art can make appropriate modifications based on the above content, and are not limited to the description in Figure 4 above.

[0175] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited thereto, and appropriate modifications can be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments can be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments can be combined.

[0176] Third aspect of the embodiments

[0177] This application provides an apparatus for receiving a reference signal. This apparatus may be, for example, a terminal device, or one or more components or parts configured within a terminal device; details identical to those in the first and second aspects will not be repeated. The terminal device is configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management.

[0178] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for receiving a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, the device 500 for receiving a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application includes a first receiver 801, which performs the following operations:

[0179] A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) are configured for training data collection;

[0180] The reference signals in the first resource set and the reference signals in the second resource set are received in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0181] In some embodiments, the beam management performed by the artificial intelligence function or model includes spatial beam prediction (BM case-1).

[0182] In some examples, the terminal device measures the first resource set, and the result of the measurement is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function. The terminal device also measures the second resource set, and the second resource set is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0183] In some examples, the first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0184] The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0185] The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0186] The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0187] The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0188] The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0189] The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0190] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0191] In some examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, the first resource set being transmitted earlier or later than the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the nearest second resource set being within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0192] In some examples, the measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0193] In some examples, measurements of the first resource set and measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set are correlated, where the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0194] In some examples, the first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication (TCI) state.

[0195] In some instances, where the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0196] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then one of the association identifiers is included in the collected data; or

[0197] If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

[0198] In other embodiments, the beam management performed by the artificial intelligence function or model includes temporal beam prediction (BM case-2).

[0199] In some examples, the terminal device measures the first resource set, and the result of the measurement is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function; the terminal device measures the second resource set, and the second resource set is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0200] In some examples, the first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic, and the second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0201] In some examples, the first resource set is configured with multiple sets, each corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0202] The first resource set is configured with a collection and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0203] The first resource set is configured into a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

[0204] In some examples, the second resource set is configured with multiple sets, each corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0205] The second resource set is configured with a collection and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0206] The second resource set is configured as a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

[0207] In some examples, the first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0208] The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0209] The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0210] The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0211] The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0212] The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0213] The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0214] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0215] In some examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, the first resource set being transmitted earlier or later than the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the nearest second resource set being within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0216] In some examples, the measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0217] In some examples, measurements of the first resource set and measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set are correlated, where the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0218] In some examples, the first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication (TCI) state.

[0219] In some instances, where the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0220] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then one of the association identifiers is included in the collected data; or

[0221] If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

[0222] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited thereto, and appropriate modifications can be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments can be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments can be combined.

[0223] It is worth noting that the above description only covers the components or modules relevant to this application, but this application is not limited thereto. Figure 5 may also include other components or modules; for details regarding these components or modules, please refer to relevant technologies.

[0224] Furthermore, for simplicity, Figure 5 only illustrates the connection relationships or signal flow between the various components or modules, but those skilled in the art should understand that various related technologies such as bus connections can be used. The aforementioned components or modules can be implemented using hardware facilities such as processors, memory, transmitters, and receivers; this application does not limit this implementation.

[0225] Fourth aspect of the embodiment

[0226] This application provides an apparatus for transmitting a reference signal. This apparatus may be, for example, a network device, or one or more components or parts configured in a terminal device; details identical to those in the embodiments of the first and second aspects will not be repeated.

[0227] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a device for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6, the device 600 for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of this application includes a first transmitter 601, which performs the following operations:

[0228] Configure a first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) for the terminal device to collect training data;

[0229] The reference signals in the first resource set and the reference signals in the second resource set are sent to the terminal device in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0230] In some embodiments, the beam management performed by the artificial intelligence function or model includes spatial beam prediction (BM case-1).

[0231] In some examples, the terminal device measures the first resource set, and the result of the measurement is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function. The terminal device also measures the second resource set, and the second resource set is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0232] In some examples, the first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0233] The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0234] The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0235] The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0236] The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0237] The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0238] The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0239] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0240] In some examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, the first resource set being transmitted earlier or later than the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the nearest second resource set being within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0241] In some examples, the measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0242] In some examples, measurements of the first resource set and measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set are correlated, where the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0243] In some examples, the first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication (TCI) state.

[0244] In some instances, where the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0245] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then one of the association identifiers is included in the collected data; or

[0246] If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

[0247] In other embodiments, the beam management performed by the artificial intelligence function or model includes temporal beam prediction (BM case-2).

[0248] In some examples, the terminal device measures the first resource set, and the result of the measurement is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function; the terminal device measures the second resource set, and the second resource set is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0249] In some examples, the first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic, and the second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0250] In some examples, the first resource set is configured with multiple sets, each corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0251] The first resource set is configured with a collection and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0252] The first resource set is configured into a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

[0253] In some examples, the second resource set is configured with multiple sets, each corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0254] The second resource set is configured with a collection and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or

[0255] The second resource set is configured as a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

[0256] In some examples, the first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0257] The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0258] The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0259] The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0260] The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or

[0261] The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or

[0262] The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

[0263] In some examples, the timing of the transmission of the first resource set is associated with the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0264] In some examples, the transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set, the first resource set being transmitted earlier or later than the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission timing of the first resource set and the nearest second resource set being within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0265] In some examples, the measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the nearest second resource set, wherein the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first resource set and predetermined symbols in the second resource set. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0266] In some examples, measurements of the first resource set and measurements of the transmission of the nearest second resource set are correlated, where the transmission of the first resource set occurs earlier or later than the transmission of the nearest second resource set, and the time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The transmission timing of the nearest second resource set is determined based on predetermined symbols in the first and second resource sets. These predetermined symbols include the first symbol, the last symbol, or an intermediate symbol.

[0267] In some examples, the first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication (TCI) state.

[0268] In some instances, where the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data, wherein the collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

[0269] In some examples, if an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then one of the association identifiers is included in the collected data; or

[0270] If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

[0271] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited thereto, and appropriate modifications can be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments can be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments can be combined.

[0272] It is worth noting that the above description only covers the components or modules relevant to this application, but this application is not limited thereto. Figure 6 may also include other components or modules; for details regarding these components or modules, please refer to relevant technologies.

[0273] Furthermore, for simplicity, Figure 6 only illustrates the connection relationships or signal flow between the various components or modules, but those skilled in the art should understand that various related technologies such as bus connections can be used. The aforementioned components or modules can be implemented using hardware facilities such as processors, memory, transmitters, and receivers; this application does not limit this implementation.

[0274] Fifth aspect of the embodiment

[0275] This application also provides a communication system, which can be referred to FIG1. ​​The contents that are the same as those in the embodiments of the first to fourth aspects will not be repeated.

[0276] In some embodiments, the communication system 100 may include at least: a network device; and a terminal device.

[0277] In this application embodiment, a scenario including network devices and / or terminal devices is taken as an example.

[0278] In the above scenario, network devices may include at least one of core network devices, third-party application devices, operation administration and maintenance (OAM) devices, and access network devices.

[0279] Core network equipment refers to equipment in the core network (CN) that provides service support to terminal equipment. As examples, core network equipment can be at least one of the following: Mobility and Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) entity, Session Management Function (SMF) entity, User Plane Function (UPF) entity, Location Management Function (LMF) entity, etc., and not all will be listed here. The AMF entity is responsible for terminal access management and mobility management; the SMF entity is responsible for session management, such as user session establishment; the UPF entity can be a user plane function entity, mainly responsible for connecting to external networks; and the LMF entity manages the overall coordination and scheduling of resources required for the location of terminal equipment registered with or accessing the core network equipment. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, an entity can also be called a network element or functional entity; for example, an AMF entity can also be called an AMF network element or an AMF functional entity, etc.

[0280] Third-party application devices can be OTT services (over the top server) or other third-party devices.

[0281] OAM (Operation, Administration, Maintenance) is a network device that performs network management tasks such as operation, administration, and maintenance according to the actual needs of the operator's network operation.

[0282] Access network equipment is an access device that allows terminal devices to wirelessly access a communication system. Access network equipment can be a base station (BS), a node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a base station in a 5G mobile communication system (gNB), a base station in a 6G mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. Access network equipment can also be a module or unit that performs some of the functions of a base station. For example, it can be at least one of the following modules or units: a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU control plane (CU-CP), a CU user plane (CU-CP), an integrated access backhaul (IAB), or other modules or units. This application does not limit the specific technology and / or specific equipment form used in the access network equipment. Access network equipment can be deployed on land, including indoors / outdoors, and can be handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water, on airplanes, balloons, or satellites; access network equipment can be deployed in fixed locations or on mobile carriers, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0283] In the above scenarios, the terminal device can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, capable of sending signals to and / or receiving signals from the access network device. The terminal device can also be called a terminal, mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. It can be a mobile phone, tablet, or other device with wireless intelligent transceiver capabilities. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, or various smart scenarios.

[0284] In the above scenarios, communication between access network devices and terminal devices, and between terminal devices, can be conducted using licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or both simultaneously. This application does not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0285] This application also provides a terminal device, but the application is not limited thereto and may also include other devices.

[0286] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, the terminal device 700 may include a processor 710 and a memory 720; the memory 710 stores data and programs and is coupled to the processor 710. It is worth noting that this figure is exemplary; other types of structures may also be used to supplement or replace this structure to implement telecommunications functions or other functions.

[0287] For example, processor 710 can be configured to execute a program to implement the performance monitoring method as described in the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0288] As shown in Figure 7, the terminal device 700 may further include: a communication module 730, an input unit 740, a display 750, and a power supply 760. The functions of these components are similar to those in the prior art and will not be described again here. It is worth noting that the terminal device 700 does not necessarily include all the components shown in Figure 7; these components are not essential. Furthermore, the terminal device 700 may also include components not shown in Figure 7, which can be referred to in the prior art.

[0289] This application also provides a network device, such as a base station, but this application is not limited to this and may also include other network devices.

[0290] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the network device configuration according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the network device 800 may include: a processor 810 (e.g., a central processing unit CPU) and a memory 820; the memory 820 is coupled to the processor 810. The memory 820 can store various types of data; in addition, it also stores an information processing program 830, and executes the program 830 under the control of the processor 810.

[0291] For example, processor 810 can be configured to execute a program to implement the performance monitoring method as described in the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0292] In addition, as shown in Figure 8, the network device 800 may also include a transceiver 840 and an antenna 850, etc.; the functions of the above components are similar to those in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. It is worth noting that the network device 800 does not necessarily include all the components shown in Figure 8; furthermore, the network device 800 may also include components not shown in Figure 8, which can be referred to in the prior art.

[0293] This application also provides a computer program, wherein when the program is executed in a terminal device, the program causes the terminal device to perform the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment.

[0294] This application also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a terminal device to perform the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment.

[0295] This application also provides a computer program, wherein when the program is executed in a network device, the program causes the network device to perform the method described in the second aspect of the embodiment.

[0296] This application also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a network device to perform the method described in the second aspect of the embodiment.

[0297] The apparatus and methods described above in this application can be implemented in hardware or in combination with software. This application relates to a computer-readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the apparatus or components described above, or to implement the various methods or steps described above. This application also relates to storage media for storing the above programs, such as hard disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, DVDs, flash memory, etc.

[0298] The methods / apparatus described in conjunction with the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of both. For example, one or more and / or combinations of one or more functional block diagrams shown in the figures can correspond to various software modules in a computer program flow, or to various hardware modules. These software modules can correspond to the various steps shown in the figures, respectively. These hardware modules can be implemented, for example, using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to embed these software modules.

[0299] The software module can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. A storage medium can be coupled to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium; or the storage medium can be an integral part of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The software module can be stored in the memory of a mobile terminal or in a memory card that can be inserted into the mobile terminal. For example, if the device (such as a mobile terminal) uses a high-capacity MEGA-SIM card or a high-capacity flash memory device, the software module can be stored in the MEGA-SIM card or the high-capacity flash memory device.

[0300] One or more and / or one or more combinations of functional blocks described in the accompanying drawings can be implemented as a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described herein. One or more and / or one or more combinations of functional blocks described in the accompanying drawings can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in communication with a DSP, or any other such configuration.

[0301] The present application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that these descriptions are exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application based on its spirit and principles, and these modifications and variations are also within the scope of the present application.

[0302] Regarding the implementation methods including the above embodiments, the following notes are also disclosed:

[0303] 1. A method for receiving a reference signal, applied to a terminal device, said terminal device being configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, said beam management including spatial beam prediction, said method comprising:

[0304] A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) are configured for training data collection;

[0305] The reference signals from the first resource set and the reference signals from the second resource set are received in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0306] in,

[0307] The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0308] The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0309] 2. A method for receiving a reference signal, applied to a terminal device, wherein the terminal device is configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management including temporal beam prediction, the method comprising:

[0310] A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) are configured for training data collection;

[0311] The reference signals from the first resource set and the reference signals from the second resource set are received in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0312] in,

[0313] The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0314] The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0315] The first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0316] The second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0317] 3. A method for transmitting a reference signal, applied to a network device, wherein the terminal device is configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management including spatial beam prediction (BM case-1), the method comprising:

[0318] Configure the terminal device with a first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) for collecting training data;

[0319] The reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are sent to the terminal device in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0320] in,

[0321] The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0322] The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0323] 4. A method for transmitting a reference signal, applied to a network device, wherein the terminal device is configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management including temporal beam prediction (BM case-2), the method comprising:

[0324] Configure the terminal device with a first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) for collecting training data;

[0325] The reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are sent to the terminal device in a predetermined timing sequence.

[0326] in,

[0327] The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0328] The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

[0329] The first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0330] The second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0331] 5. A terminal device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to execute the computer program to implement the method as described in Appendix 1 or 2.

[0332] 6. A network device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to execute the computer program to implement the method as described in Appendix 3 or 4.

[0333] 7. A computer program product comprising at least a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes a terminal device to perform the method as described in Appendix 1 or 2.

[0334] 8. A computer program product comprising at least a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes a network device to perform the method as described in Appendix 3 or 4.

Claims

1. An apparatus for receiving a reference signal, applied to a terminal device configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management including spatial beam prediction (BM case-1), the apparatus comprising a first receiver, the first receiver performing the following operations: A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) are configured for training data collection; The reference signals from the first resource set and the reference signals from the second resource set are received in a predetermined timing sequence. in, The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function. The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the symbols predetermined in the first resource set and the symbols predetermined in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The timing of transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the predetermined symbols in the first resource set and the predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the closest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the symbols predetermined in the first resource set and the symbols predetermined in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the closest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The timing of transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the predetermined symbols in the first resource set and the predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication State (TCIstate).

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, When the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data. in, The collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein, If an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then an association identifier is included in the collected data; or If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

10. An apparatus for receiving a reference signal, applied to a terminal device, the terminal device being configured with an artificial intelligence model or function for beam management, the beam management including time-domain beam prediction (BM case-2), the apparatus comprising a first receiver, the first receiver performing the following operations: A first resource set (Set A) and a second resource set (Set B) are configured for training data collection; The reference signals from the first resource set and the reference signals from the second resource set are received in a predetermined timing sequence. in, The terminal device measures the first resource set, and the measurement result is used as training data corresponding to the output of the artificial intelligence model or function. The terminal device measures the second resource set, which is used as training data corresponding to the input of the artificial intelligence model or function. The first resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic. The second resource set is periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The first resource set is configured with multiple collections, each collection corresponding to at least one time instance; or The first resource set is configured with a set and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or The first resource set is configured into a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The second resource set is configured with multiple collections, each corresponding to at least one time instance; or The second resource set is configured with a collection and multiple time offsets, each time offset corresponding to at least one time instance; or The second resource set is configured as a collection, which is divided into multiple subsets, each of which corresponds to at least one time instance.

13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The first symbol of the first resource set follows the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set follows S1 symbols after the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set precedes the S2 symbols preceding the first symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is in the slot following the slot of the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is T1 time slots after the time slot containing the last symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is T2 time slots before the time slot containing the first symbol of the second resource set; or The first symbol of the first resource set is the same as the first symbol of the second resource set or is in the same time slot.

14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the symbols predetermined in the first resource set and the symbols predetermined in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The transmission timing of the first resource set is associated with the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The timing of transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the predetermined symbols in the first resource set and the predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the closest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the symbols predetermined in the first resource set and the symbols predetermined in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The measurement results for the first resource set are correlated with the measurement results for the transmission of the closest second resource set. The transmission timing of the first resource set is earlier or later than the transmission timing of the nearest second resource set. The time interval between the transmission of the first resource set and the transmission of the nearest second resource set is within a predetermined time window. The timing of transmission of the closest second resource set is determined based on the predetermined symbols in the first resource set and the predetermined symbols in the second resource set. The predetermined symbol includes the first symbol, the last symbol, or a symbol in the middle.

18. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The first resource set and the second resource set are configured with the same Transport Configuration Indication State (TCIstate).

19. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, When the reference signal is configured with an associated ID, the associated ID is included in the collected data. in, The collected data includes the results of measurements on the first resource set and the results of measurements on the second resource set.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein, If an association identifier is configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are configured with an association identifier, then an association identifier is included in the collected data; or If two association identifiers are configured, or if the reference signal from the first resource set and the reference signal from the second resource set are each configured with an association identifier, then the two association identifiers are included in the collected data, wherein the correspondence between the two association identifiers and the first resource set and the second resource set is predefined or configured.

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