Symbol sending methods, communication device, communication system, and storage medium

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are symbol sending methods, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium. A symbol sending method comprises: sending a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to a second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used for determining the second modulation symbol, and a first device communicates with a third device by means of the second device; or sending the second modulation symbol to the third device, wherein the first modulation symbol is a symbol corresponding to data bits subjected to modulation mapping under a first modulation scheme, the second modulation symbol is a symbol corresponding to the data bits subjected to modulation mapping under a second modulation scheme, and for the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation scheme is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation scheme. The method of the present disclosure can improve the data transmission performance and efficiency.

Description

Symbol transmission method, communication equipment, communication system, storage medium Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to symbol transmission methods, communication devices, communication systems, and storage media. Background Technology

[0002] In communication systems, data bits or data bit streams typically require modulation mapping. Optionally, the modulation scheme for data bits or data bit streams can include various methods, such as Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), Amplitude Phase Shift Keying (APSK) modulation, and Shaping Modulation (SM). The communication performance varies depending on the modulation scheme used. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a symbol transmission method, communication equipment, communication system, and storage medium.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a symbol transmission method is proposed, executed by a first device, comprising: transmitting a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to a second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol, and the first device communicates with a third device through the second device; or, transmitting the second modulation symbol to the third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0005] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a symbol transmission method is provided, executed by a second device. The method includes: receiving a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device; the second device receiving the first modulation symbol and determining a second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol; and transmitting the second modulation symbol to a third device. The first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to data bits under a first modulation scheme; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bits under a second modulation scheme; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels in the second modulation scheme is less than the number of amplitude levels in the first modulation scheme.

[0006] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a symbol transmission method is provided, executed by a third device. The method includes: receiving a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device or a second device; wherein the first device communicates with the third device through the second device; wherein the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a second modulation scheme; the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is transmitted from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is determined by the second device based on a first modulation symbol; wherein the second modulation symbol transmitted by the first device is obtained by the first device performing modulation mapping on the data bit using the second modulation scheme; the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a first modulation scheme; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation scheme is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation scheme.

[0007] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module configured to transmit a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to a second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol, and the first device communicates with a third device through the second device; or, the transceiver module is further configured to transmit the second modulation symbol to the third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0008] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a second device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device; a processing module for determining a second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol when the second device receives the first modulation symbol; the transceiver module is further configured to transmit the second modulation symbol to a third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0009] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a third device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device or a second device; wherein the first device communicates with the third device through the second device; wherein the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a second modulation scheme; the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is transmitted from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is determined by the second device based on a first modulation symbol; wherein the second modulation symbol transmitted by the first device is obtained by the first device performing modulation mapping on the data bit using the second modulation scheme; the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a first modulation scheme; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation scheme is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation scheme.

[0010] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising:

[0011] One or more processors;

[0012] The processor is configured to invoke instructions to cause the communication device to execute any of the symbol transmission methods described in the first to third aspects.

[0013] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a first device, a second device, and a third device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the symbol transmission method of the first aspect, the second device is configured to implement the symbol transmission method of the second aspect, and the third device is configured to implement the symbol transmission method of the third aspect.

[0014] According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform a symbol transmission method as described in any of the first to third aspects.

[0015] According to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides a program product including a computer program that, when executed by a communication device, implements a symbol transmission method as described in any of the first to third aspects.

[0016] According to the eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform a symbol transmission method as described in any of the first to third aspects.

[0017] It is understood that the first device, second device, third device, communication device, communication system, storage medium, program product, and computer program described above are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of some communication systems provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a symbol transmission method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0021] Figure 2B is a constellation diagram of a second modulation scheme (e.g., 16APSK modulation) provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 2C is a constellation diagram of a first modulation scheme (e.g., 16QAM modulation) provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 2D is an interactive schematic diagram of a symbol transmission method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2E is an interactive schematic diagram of a symbol transmission method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 3A is a schematic flowchart of a symbol transmission method provided in another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 3B is a schematic flowchart of a symbol transmission method provided in another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3C is a schematic flowchart of a symbol transmission method provided in another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4A is a constellation diagram of APSK and QAM according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of the AM / AM domain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 5C is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This disclosure provides a symbol transmission method, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0036] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a symbol transmission method, executed by a first device, the method comprising: transmitting a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to a second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol, and the first device communicates with a third device through the second device; or, transmitting a second modulation symbol to a third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the first device can directly send the second modulation symbol to the third device, or the first device can send the second modulation symbol to the third device through the second device, or the first device can send the first modulation symbol to the second device. The first modulation symbol can be used to determine the second modulation symbol. After receiving the first modulation symbol sent by the first device, the second device can determine the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol and then send it to the third device. Therefore, in this application, what is ultimately sent to the third device is the second modulation symbol. The second modulation symbol is the symbol after modulation mapping corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation method. The second modulation method has a smaller number of amplitude levels, which results in a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) for the second modulation symbol. Furthermore, it can avoid the high-power amplifier (HPA) distortion characteristics in the amplitude-to-amplitude distortion domain (AM-AM domain) or amplitude-to-phase distortion domain (AM-PM domain) of radio frequency (RF), thereby improving data transmission performance and efficiency.

[0038] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second modulation method includes: mapping the data bits to at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation method; and determining the second modulation symbol based on the constellation point mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0039] In the above embodiments, a specific execution method of the second modulation method is described so that the first device determines the second modulation symbol based on the second modulation method and sends it to the second device or the third device. Since the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation method is small, the PAPR of the second modulation symbol can be lower, and the HPA distortion characteristics of the AM-AM domain or AM-PM domain of RF can be avoided, thereby improving the data transmission performance and transmission efficiency.

[0040] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the number of bits mapped to a constellation point by the data bit modulation is odd.

[0041] In the above embodiments, it is shown that the number of bits mapped to a constellation point by data bit modulation can be odd, and not only even, which improves modulation flexibility and reduces modulation limitations.

[0042] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, M≥1; the constellation diagram satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; the amplitude between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; there is an amplitude difference between different constellation points located in different circles; the outermost circle of the M circles has the most constellation points; the innermost circle of the M circles has the fewest constellation points; the number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M; wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0043] In the above embodiments, a specific design scheme for the constellation diagram in the second modulation method is described. When using the constellation diagram provided in the embodiments of this disclosure for modulation mapping, multi-layer superposition transmission of the constellation diagram can be realized, and the HPA distortion characteristics of the AM-AM domain or AM-PM domain of RF can be avoided, thereby improving the data transmission performance and transmission efficiency.

[0044] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the first aspect, the method further includes: determining to perform modulation mapping on the data bits using a second modulation scheme.

[0045] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the first aspect, the method further includes: determining the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme as candidate modulation schemes, and selecting the second modulation scheme from the candidate modulation schemes to perform modulation mapping on the data bits.

[0046] In the above embodiments, it is explained how the first device specifically determines to use the second modulation method to modulate the mapped data bits, so that the first device can accurately obtain the second modulation symbol based on the second modulation method and send the second modulation symbol to the second device or the third device, thereby improving the data transmission performance and transmission efficiency.

[0047] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the first aspect, the method further includes: sending first indication information to the third device, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the first device sends a first indication message to the third device so that the third device can know that the modulation symbol type sent by the first device to the third device is a second modulation symbol. Since different types of modulation symbols have different demodulation methods, when the third device knows the type of modulation symbol sent by the first device to the third device, when the third device subsequently receives the second modulation symbol sent by the first device, it can use the corresponding demodulation method to accurately demodulate the second modulation symbol, thus avoiding the situation where "the third device does not know the type of modulation symbol it receives, so it does not know which demodulation method to choose to demodulate the symbol, resulting in symbol demodulation failure".

[0049] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first modulation method includes Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes Amplitude Phase Shift Keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or, the first modulation method includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes Shaping Modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbols; or, the first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols. In some embodiments, the first and second modulation symbols can be transmitted in multiple superimposed layers, with orthogonal demodulation reference signals (DMRS) used for layer mapping between different layers. The transmission power of different layers can use different values ​​multiplied by the modulation symbol amplitude coefficient. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0050] In the above embodiments, it is explained which modulation methods the first modulation method and the second modulation method can be, and which devices the first device, the second device, and the third device can be, thereby limiting the application scenario of the method of the present disclosure embodiments, so that the method of the present disclosure embodiments can be executed accurately.

[0051] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a symbol transmission method, executed by a second device, the method comprising: receiving a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device; the second device receiving the first modulation symbol and determining a second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol; and transmitting the second modulation symbol to a third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0052] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the step of determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes: demodulating the first modulation symbol to recover the data bits; and using the second modulation method to perform modulation mapping on the recovered data bits to obtain the second modulation symbol.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes: performing symbol-level mapping on the first modulation symbol to convert the first modulation symbol into the second modulation symbol.

[0054] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the second aspect, the method further includes: sending second indication information to the third device, the second indication information being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second modulation method includes: mapping the data bits to at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation method; and determining the second modulation symbol based on the constellation point mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0056] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the number of bits mapped to a constellation point by the data bit modulation is odd.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, M≥1; the constellation diagram satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; the amplitude between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; there is an amplitude difference between different constellation points located in different circles; the outermost circle of the M circles has the most constellation points; the innermost circle of the M circles has the fewest constellation points; the number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M; wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0058] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes a QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes an APSK modulation symbol; or, the first modulation method includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes a QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes shaping modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes an SM modulation symbol; or, the first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes an SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes an APSK modulation symbol.

[0059] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0060] Thirdly, this disclosure provides a symbol transmission method executed by a third device. The method includes: receiving a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device or a second device; wherein the first device communicates with the third device through the second device; wherein the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a second modulation scheme; the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is transmitted from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is determined by the second device based on a first modulation symbol; wherein the second modulation symbol transmitted by the first device is obtained by the first device performing modulation mapping on the data bit using the second modulation scheme; the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a first modulation scheme; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation scheme is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation scheme.

[0061] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving first indication information sent by the first device, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device; or, receiving second indication information sent by the second device, the second indication information being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the second modulation method includes: mapping the data bits to at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation method; and determining the second modulation symbol based on the constellation point mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the data bit modulation is mapped to an odd number of bits at a constellation point.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, M≥1; the constellation diagram satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; the amplitude between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; there is an amplitude difference between different constellation points located in different circles; the outermost circle of the M circles has the most constellation points; the innermost circle of the M circles has the fewest constellation points; the number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M; wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes a QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes an APSK modulation symbol; or, the first modulation method includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes a QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes shaping modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes an SM modulation symbol; or, the first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes an SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes an APSK modulation symbol.

[0066] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0067] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a first device, comprising: a transceiver module, configured to transmit a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to a second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol, and the first device communicates with a third device through the second device; or, the transceiver module is further configured to transmit the second modulation symbol to the third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0068] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a second device, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device; a processing module for determining a second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol when the second device receives the first modulation symbol; the transceiver module is further configured to transmit the second modulation symbol to a third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; and under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0069] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a third device, comprising: a transceiver module, configured to receive a second modulation symbol transmitted by a first device or a second device; wherein the first device communicates with the third device via the second device; wherein the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to a data bit under a second modulation scheme; the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is transmitted from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol transmitted by the second device is determined by the second device based on a first modulation symbol; wherein the second modulation symbol transmitted by the first device is obtained by the first device performing modulation mapping on the data bit using the second modulation scheme; the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a first modulation scheme; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation scheme is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation scheme.

[0070] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, which includes: one or more processors; one or more memories for storing instructions; wherein the processors are configured to invoke the instructions to cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the first aspect, optional implementations of the first aspect, the second aspect, optional implementations of the second aspect, the third aspect, and optional implementations of the third aspect.

[0071] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system comprising: a first device, a second device, and a third device; wherein the first device is configured to perform the method described in the first aspect and optional implementations thereof, the second device is configured to perform the method described in the second aspect and optional implementations thereof, and the third device is configured to perform the method described in the third aspect and optional implementations thereof.

[0072] Ninthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method described in the first aspect, an optional implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, an optional implementation of the second aspect, the third aspect, and an optional implementation of the third aspect.

[0073] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in the first aspect, optional implementations of the first aspect, the second aspect, optional implementations of the second aspect, the third aspect, and optional implementations of the third aspect.

[0074] In one aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first aspect, an optional implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, an optional implementation of the second aspect, the third aspect, and an optional implementation of the third aspect.

[0075] It is understood that the first device, second device, third device, communication device, communication system, storage medium, program product, and computer program described above are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] This disclosure provides a resource selection method, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms resource selection method, information processing method, information sending method, and information receiving method can be used interchangeably; the terms communication device, information processing device, information sending device, and information receiving device can be used interchangeably; and the terms information processing system, communication system, information sending system, and information receiving system can be used interchangeably.

[0077] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0078] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0079] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0080] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 may include a terminal, satellite equipment, and network equipment. Optionally, the network equipment may include at least one of access network equipment and core network equipment. Optionally, the network equipment and the terminal may communicate via satellite equipment, or the network equipment and the terminal may communicate directly.

[0081] In some embodiments, the terminal includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0082] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation evolved Node B (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), Node B (NB), Home Node B (HNB), Home evolved Node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0083] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0084] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0085] In some embodiments, a core network device may be a single device comprising one or more network elements, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each comprising all or part of the aforementioned one or more network elements. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), and Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0086] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0087] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1 are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1, or may include other main bodies outside of FIG1. ​​The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0088] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th Generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th Generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G New Radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future Generation Radio Access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2C) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other resource selection methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0089] Optionally, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of data bits or data bit streams will vary under different modulation schemes. A lower PAPR results in higher data transmission performance and efficiency. Currently, how to select a suitable modulation scheme to ensure a lower PAPR is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0090] Optionally, when modulating and mapping data bits or data bitstreams, it is typically necessary to map the data bits or data bitstreams to constellation points in a constellation diagram. In some embodiments, the design of the constellation diagram (e.g., the number of turns, the phase difference between different constellation points within a turn), and the mapping method from data bits or data bitstreams to constellation points, all affect the distortion characteristics of the high-power amplifier (HPA) in the amplitude-to-amplitude distortion domain (AM-AM domain) or amplitude-to-phase distortion domain (AM-PM domain) of the radio frequency (RF) signal. Currently, how to design constellation diagrams to avoid the HPA amplitude variation regions in the AM-AM or AM-PM domains is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0091] Optionally, in some embodiments, the Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite-Second Generation (DVB-S2) protocol does not support multi-layer overlay transmission of constellation diagrams. Furthermore, under the New Radio (NR) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocols, the number of bits mapped to a constellation point in the constellation diagram can only be an even number, which is highly limited and lacks flexibility.

[0092] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a symbol transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2A, this embodiment of the disclosure relates to a symbol transmission method for a communication system 100; the method includes:

[0093] Step 2101: The first device determines to use the first modulation method to modulate and map the data bits.

[0094] Optionally, the first device can be a terminal or a network device, such as an access network device or a core network device.

[0095] Optionally, the aforementioned data bits may refer to the data bits to be transmitted by the first device. In some embodiments, the data bits may also be referred to as a data bit stream.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first modulation scheme described above can be directly determined by the first device. For example, the first device can determine an alternative modulation scheme based on the protocol agreement and / or the configuration of the network device. The alternative modulation scheme can be, for example, the first modulation scheme. When the first device needs to perform modulation mapping on data bits or data bit streams, it can directly select the first modulation scheme to perform modulation mapping.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first modulation scheme described above may be selected by the first device from a plurality of alternative modulation schemes. In some embodiments, the plurality of alternative modulation schemes may be agreed upon by a protocol, or the plurality of alternative modulation schemes may be configured by a network device. Optionally, the plurality of alternative modulation schemes may include a first modulation scheme and a second modulation scheme. In some embodiments, the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme may satisfy the following condition: at the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation scheme is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation scheme. For example, in some embodiments, the first modulation scheme may include QAM, and the second modulation scheme may include APSK modulation; or, in other embodiments, the first modulation scheme may include QAM, and the second modulation scheme may include SM; or, in still other embodiments, the first modulation scheme may include SM, and the second modulation scheme may include APSK modulation.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first modulation symbol and the second modulation symbol can be transmitted in multiple superimposed layers, with orthogonal demodulation reference signals (DMRS) used for layer mapping between different layers. The transmission power of different layers can use different values ​​multiplied by the modulation symbol amplitude coefficient.

[0099] Optionally, in some embodiments, the modulation process of the second modulation scheme may include, for example, the following steps: mapping data bits to at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme, and determining the second modulation symbol based on the constellation point mapped to the data bits in the constellation diagram. Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of bits mapped to a constellation point by the data bit modulation can be odd or even. Optionally, assuming the number of bits mapped to a constellation point by the data bit modulation is bm, then mod(bm,2) = 1 or 0, and the mod function is a modulo function.

[0100] Optionally, the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme may include M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1. Optionally, the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme may satisfy at least one of the following conditions: the phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; the amplitude between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; there is an amplitude difference between different constellation points located in different circles; the outermost circle of the M circles has the most constellation points; the innermost circle of the M circles has the fewest constellation points; and the number of 1 bits included in the third bit value (or third bit stream) obtained by XORing the first bit value (or first bit stream) and the second bit value (or second bit stream) of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M. In some embodiments, the first bit value may be the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0101] For example, Figure 2B is a constellation diagram of a second modulation scheme (e.g., 16APSK modulation) provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2B, M=2, and the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme includes two rings of constellation points. The inner ring is C2 and the outer ring is C1. The number of constellation points in the inner ring is 4, and the number of constellation points in the outer ring is 12. The second modulation scheme can also be called 4+12APSK modulation. Optionally, constellation points equidistant from the origin in Figure 2B (i.e., constellation points located in the same ring) can be understood as constellation points with the same amplitude. The phase difference between constellation points in each ring is equal, and there is an amplitude difference between rings. Also, assuming that (0011) in Figure 2B is defined as the first bit value mentioned above, depending on the amplitude settings of the inner and outer rings and their respective phase deviation settings, the second bit value closest to the first bit value (0011) can be (1011), (0001), (0110), (0010), or (0111). Perform a bit XOR operation on the first bit value (0011) and the second bit value (0110) to obtain the third bit value (0101), where the third bit value (0101) includes 2 bits of 1, which is equal to the number of rounds 2.

[0102] Optionally, referring to Figure 2B, each constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme corresponds to a bit value. Therefore, when designing the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme, it is usually necessary to determine the mapping relationship between constellation points and bit values, and map the bit values ​​to the constellation points of the constellation diagram based on this mapping relationship. Optionally, "mapping the bit values ​​to the constellation points of the constellation diagram" here can, for example, mean mapping the full sort of bm bit values ​​(or: all possible values ​​of bm bit values) to the constellation points of the second modulation scheme constellation diagram. Optionally, Figure 2B above shows mapping all possible values ​​(16 in total) of the 4-bit bit values ​​to the constellation points of the second modulation scheme constellation diagram. Optionally, in some embodiments, a preset formula can be used to implement the mapping from bit values ​​to constellation points. This preset formula may include... In this term, the exp function is the natural exponential function, k is a positive integer, and k can increase with the increase of bm. k can be defined by the protocol and / or configured by the network device. Optionally, the preset formula can be obtained, for example, by applying a parameter to the QAM mapping formula. This item. For example, it can be multiplied or divided using the QAM mapping formula. This term is derived from a preset formula; optionally, the QAM mapping formula is... Any possible calculation method between these terms can be obtained by a preset formula, all of which are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0103] Optionally, the aforementioned QAM mapping formula may refer, for example, to the mapping formula between constellation points and bit values ​​in a QAM constellation diagram. In some embodiments, the QAM mapping formula may be:

[0104] Optionally, d(i) in the above QAM mapping formula can be used to determine the position of constellation points in the constellation diagram. Also, assuming bm is 4, the bit value contains 4 bits. In the above QAM mapping formula, b(4i) can refer to the bit value carried by the first bit, b(4i+1) can refer to the bit value carried by the second bit, b(4i+2) can refer to the bit value carried by the third bit, and b(4i+3) can refer to the bit value carried by the fourth bit. Optionally, the meaning of i can be found in the relevant introduction to the QAM mapping formula in the standard protocol.

[0105] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first modulation method described above also includes a constellation diagram. For example, Figure 2C shows a constellation diagram of a first modulation method (e.g., 16QAM modulation) provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2C, the constellation diagram of the first modulation method includes 3 loops. Comparing Figures 2B and 2C, when the first modulation method is 16QAM modulation and the second modulation method is 16APSK modulation, the modulation order of the first and second modulation methods is the same. Optionally, the modulation order is the number of bits corresponding to a constellation point on the constellation diagram. However, the constellation diagram of the first modulation method includes 3 loops, and the constellation diagram of the second modulation method includes 2 loops. The number of loops in the constellation diagram can be defined as the number of amplitude levels. Therefore, under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of 16QAM is greater than the number of amplitude levels of 16APSK.

[0106] Step 2102: The first device sends the first modulation symbol to the second device.

[0107] Alternatively, the second device may be a satellite device.

[0108] Optionally, the first modulation symbol can be the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation method. For example, the first device can use the first modulation method to perform modulation mapping on the data bit to obtain the first modulation symbol, and then send the first modulation symbol to the second device.

[0109] Step 2103: The second device determines the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol.

[0110] Optionally, the second modulation symbol can be the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation mode.

[0111] In some embodiments, when the second device determines the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol, it can first demodulate the first modulation symbol to recover the data bits, and then use the second modulation method to modulate and map the recovered data bits to obtain the second modulation symbol.

[0112] In other embodiments, when the second device determines the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol, it can perform symbol-level mapping on the first modulation symbol to convert it into the second modulation symbol. In this case, the second device does not parse or demodulate the first modulation symbol, but directly converts it into the second modulation symbol. Therefore, the second device cannot know the specific content of the first or second modulation symbol, and the transmission scenario of the second device can be considered as a transparent transmission scenario.

[0113] Step 2104: The second device sends a second instruction message to the third device.

[0114] Optionally, the third device can be a terminal or a network device. In some embodiments, the second device can be a relay node between the first device and the third device. For example, the first device can be a terminal, the second device can be a satellite device, and the third device can be a network device (such as an access network device or a core network device); or, the first device can be a network device (such as an access network device or a core network device), the second device can be a satellite device, and the third device can be a terminal. In this case, it can be considered as a Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) scenario.

[0115] Optionally, the second indication information can be used to indicate that the second device is sending a second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0116] Optionally, in some embodiments, the second device sends a second indication message to the third device so that the third device can know, based on the second indication message, that the modulation symbol type sent by the second device to the third device is a second modulation symbol. Since different types of modulation symbols have different demodulation methods, when the third device knows the type of modulation symbol sent by the second device to the third device, when the third device subsequently receives the second modulation symbol sent by the second device, it can use the corresponding demodulation method to accurately demodulate the second modulation symbol, thus avoiding the situation where "because the third device does not know the type of modulation symbol it receives, it does not know which demodulation method to select to demodulate the symbol, resulting in symbol demodulation failure".

[0117] Step 2105: The second device sends the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0118] The following provides a detailed explanation of why, in this embodiment, "after the first device sends the first modulation symbol to the second device, the second device needs to convert the first modulation symbol into a second modulation symbol before sending it to the third device":

[0119] Optionally, in some embodiments, since the number of amplitude levels in the second modulation scheme is less than that in the first modulation scheme at the same modulation order, the PAPR of the second modulation symbol is lower than that of the first modulation symbol. A lower PAPR results in higher data communication performance and efficiency. Furthermore, in some embodiments, for NTN scenarios, some terrestrial communication terminals or network devices (i.e., the first and third devices) have high data service requirements and strong device capabilities, and are not sensitive to high PAPR. Therefore, terrestrial devices (i.e., the first and second devices) do not need to consider PAPR much when transmitting modulation symbols; that is, the first device can transmit high PAPR first modulation symbols. However, some satellite devices (i.e., the second device) may be exceptionally sensitive to PAPR due to the properties of their power amplifiers (PA). Therefore, to ensure communication performance and efficiency, the second device should avoid transmitting high PAPR first modulation symbols as much as possible. Thus, the second device needs to convert the high PAPR first modulation symbol into a low PAPR second modulation symbol before transmission to ensure communication performance and stability.

[0120] Step 2106: The third device demodulates the second modulation symbol sent by the second device.

[0121] Optionally, the third device may use the demodulation method corresponding to the second modulation method (e.g., the reverse process of the second modulation method) to demodulate the second modulation symbol.

[0122] In summary, in the above embodiments, the first device can send a first modulation symbol to the second device. The first modulation symbol can be used to determine the second modulation symbol. After receiving the first modulation symbol sent by the first device, the second device can determine the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol and then send it to the third device. Therefore, in this application, what is ultimately sent to the third device is the second modulation symbol. The second modulation symbol is the symbol after modulation mapping corresponding to the data bits under the second modulation method. The second modulation method has a smaller number of amplitude levels, which results in a lower PAPR for the second modulation symbol and avoids the HPA distortion characteristics of the AM-AM or AM-PM domains of RF, thereby improving data transmission performance and efficiency.

[0123] Optionally, in other embodiments, the first device may also send a second modulation symbol to the second device, and the second device may convert the second modulation symbol into a first modulation symbol and then send the first modulation symbol to the third device. At this point, in step 2101 above, the first device can determine that the data bits are modulated and mapped using the second modulation method; in step 2102 above, the first device can send the second modulation symbol to the second device; in step 2103 above, the second device can determine the first modulation symbol based on the second modulation symbol. For example, the first modulation symbol can be determined based on the second modulation symbol by performing the reverse process of "determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol". Optionally, determining the first modulation symbol based on the second modulation symbol may include, for example, determining the QAM modulation symbol based on the APSK modulation symbol, or determining the SM modulation symbol based on the APSK modulation symbol, or determining the QAM modulation symbol based on the SM modulation symbol; and in step 2104 above, the second device can send third indication information to the third device, the third indication information being used to indicate that the second device is sending the first modulation symbol to the third device; in step 2105 above, the second device can send the first modulation symbol to the third device; and in step 2106 above, the third device can demodulate the first modulation symbol sent by the second device.

[0124] The symbol transmission method disclosed herein may include at least one of steps 2101 to 2106. For example, steps 2102+2103+2105 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 2104 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0125] In some embodiments, steps 2103 and 2104 may be performed in an alternate order or simultaneously.

[0126] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] Figure 2D is an interactive schematic diagram of a symbol transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2D, this disclosure relates to a symbol transmission method for a communication system 100; the method includes:

[0128] Step 2201: The first device determines to use the second modulation method to modulate and map the data bits.

[0129] In some embodiments, the second modulation scheme can be directly determined by the first device. For example, the first device can determine an alternative modulation scheme based on the protocol agreement and / or the configuration of the network device. This alternative modulation scheme can be, for example, the second modulation scheme. When the first device needs to perform modulation mapping on data bits or data bit streams, it can directly select the second modulation scheme to perform modulation mapping.

[0130] In other embodiments, the second modulation scheme described above may be selected by the first device from a plurality of alternative modulation schemes. In some embodiments, the plurality of alternative modulation schemes may be agreed upon by a protocol, or the plurality of alternative modulation schemes may be configured by a network device. Optionally, the plurality of alternative modulation schemes may include a first modulation scheme and a second modulation scheme.

[0131] For further details regarding step 2201, please refer to the description of step 2101 above.

[0132] Step 2202: The first device sends the second modulation symbol to the second device.

[0133] Optionally, the first device may use a second modulation method to modulate and map the data bits to obtain a second modulation symbol, and then send the second modulation symbol to the second device.

[0134] Step 2203: The second device sends a second instruction message to the third device.

[0135] Step 2204: The second device sends the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0136] Step 2205: The third device demodulates the second modulation symbol sent by the second device.

[0137] For a detailed description of steps 2202-2205, please refer to the above embodiment description.

[0138] In summary, in the above embodiments, the first device can send the second modulation symbol to the third device through the second device. Therefore, it can be seen that what is ultimately sent to the third device in this application is the second modulation symbol. The second modulation symbol is the symbol mapped by the modulation of the data bits under the second modulation scheme. The second modulation scheme has a smaller number of amplitude levels, which results in a lower PAPR for the second modulation symbol and avoids the HPA distortion characteristics of the AM-AM or AM-PM domains of RF, thereby improving data transmission performance and efficiency.

[0139] The symbol transmission method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps 2201 to 2205. For example, steps 2202 and 2204 may be implemented as independent embodiments, and step 2203 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0140] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0141] Figure 2E is an interactive schematic diagram of a symbol transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2E, this disclosure relates to a symbol transmission method for a communication system 100; the method includes:

[0142] Step 2301: The first device determines to use the second modulation method to modulate and map the data bits.

[0143] Step 2302: The first device sends the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0144] Optionally, the first device can be a terminal and the third device can be a network device, or the first device can be a network device and the third device can be a terminal. In this case, it can be considered as a terrestrial network (TN) scenario.

[0145] Optionally, the first device may use a second modulation method to modulate and map the data bits to obtain a second modulation symbol, and then send the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0146] Step 2303: The third device demodulates the second modulation symbol sent by the first device.

[0147] For a detailed description of steps 2301-2303, please refer to the above embodiment description.

[0148] In summary, in the above embodiments, the first device can directly send the second modulation symbol to the third device. Therefore, it can be seen that what is ultimately sent to the third device in this application is the second modulation symbol. The second modulation symbol is the symbol mapped by the modulation of the data bits under the second modulation method. The second modulation method has a smaller number of amplitude levels, which results in a lower PAPR for the second modulation symbol and avoids the HPA distortion characteristics of the AM-AM or AM-PM domains of RF, thereby improving data transmission performance and efficiency.

[0149] The symbol transmission method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps 2301 to 2303. For example, steps 2302+2302 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0150] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0151] Figure 3A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a symbol transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3A, this disclosure relates to a symbol transmission method for a first device, the method comprising:

[0152] Step 3101: Send the first modulation symbol or the second modulation symbol to the second device, or send the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0153] Optionally, the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol;

[0154] Wherein, the first device communicates with the third device through the second device, or the first device communicates directly with the third device;

[0155] Wherein, the first modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation method, and the second modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation method; the first modulation method and the second modulation method satisfy the following condition: under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation method is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation method.

[0156] Optionally, the second modulation method includes:

[0157] The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme;

[0158] The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0159] Optionally, the data bit modulation is mapped to an odd number of bits at a constellation point.

[0160] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1;

[0161] The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0162] The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal;

[0163] The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal;

[0164] There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles;

[0165] The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points;

[0166] The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points;

[0167] The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M;

[0168] Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0169] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0170] The second modulation scheme is determined to be used for modulation mapping of the data bits.

[0171] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0172] The first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme are determined as candidate modulation schemes, and the second modulation scheme is selected from the candidate modulation schemes to perform modulation mapping on the data bits.

[0173] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0174] Send a first indication message to the third device, the first indication message being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0175] Optionally, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or

[0176] The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes shaped modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or

[0177] The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

[0178] Optionally, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0179] For a detailed description of step 3101, please refer to the above embodiment.

[0180] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0181] Figure 3B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a symbol transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3B, this disclosure relates to a symbol transmission method for a second device, the method comprising:

[0182] Step 3201: Receive the first modulation symbol or the second modulation symbol sent by the first device.

[0183] Step 3202: The second device receives the first modulation symbol and determines the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol.

[0184] Step 3203: Send the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0185] Optionally, when the second device receives the second modulation symbol sent by the first device, step 3202 does not need to be executed.

[0186] Optionally, the first modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation method, and the second modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation method; the first modulation method and the second modulation method satisfy the following condition: under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation method is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation method.

[0187] Optionally, determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes:

[0188] The first modulation symbol is demodulated to recover the data bits;

[0189] The restored data bits are modulated and mapped using the second modulation method to obtain the second modulation symbol.

[0190] Optionally, determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes:

[0191] Perform symbol-level mapping on the first modulation symbol to convert the first modulation symbol into the second modulation symbol.

[0192] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0193] Send a second indication message to the third device, the second indication message being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0194] Optionally, the second modulation method includes:

[0195] The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme;

[0196] The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0197] Optionally, the data bit modulation is mapped to an odd number of bits at a constellation point.

[0198] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1;

[0199] The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0200] The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal;

[0201] The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal;

[0202] There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles;

[0203] The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points;

[0204] The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points;

[0205] The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M;

[0206] Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0207] Optionally, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or

[0208] The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes shaped modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or

[0209] The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

[0210] Optionally, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0211] For a detailed description of steps 3201-3203, please refer to the above embodiment description.

[0212] The symbol transmission method disclosed in this embodiment may include at least one of steps 3201 to 3203. For example, step 3201 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step 3202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and steps 3201+3202 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0213] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0214] Figure 3C is a schematic flowchart illustrating a symbol transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3C, this disclosure relates to a symbol transmission method for a third device, the method comprising:

[0215] Step 3301: Receive the second modulation symbol sent by the first device or the second device.

[0216] Optionally, the first device communicates with the third device through the second device, or the first device communicates directly with the third device;

[0217] Optionally, the second modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation method. The second modulation symbol sent by the second device is sent from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol sent by the second device is determined by the second device based on the first modulation symbol; wherein, the second modulation symbol sent by the first device is obtained by the first device modulating the data bit using the second modulation method; the first modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation method.

[0218] Optionally, the first modulation method and the second modulation method satisfy the following condition: under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation method is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation method.

[0219] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0220] Receive first indication information sent by the first device, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device; or

[0221] The device receives a second indication message sent by the second device, the second indication message being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0222] Optionally, the second modulation method includes:

[0223] The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme;

[0224] The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0225] Optionally, the data bit modulation is mapped to an odd number of bits at a constellation point.

[0226] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1;

[0227] The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0228] The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal;

[0229] The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal;

[0230] There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles;

[0231] The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points;

[0232] The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points;

[0233] The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M;

[0234] Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0235] Optionally, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or

[0236] The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes shaped modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or

[0237] The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

[0238] Optionally, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0239] For a detailed description of step 3301, please refer to the above embodiment description.

[0240] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0241] The following is an exemplary description of the above method.

[0242] The mapping from bits to constellation points, also known as digital modulation, is a core component of communication systems. In the field of wireless communication, there has been a long-standing debate about the superiority of QAM modulation versus APSK modulation. Generally speaking, low-order QAM modulation, such as 16QAM, has a certain theoretical advantage over APSK under Rayleigh fading channel conditions. Some 16-APSK modulations (e.g., 4+12APSK) primarily offer advantages in PAPR (PAPR), especially when used with RRC / RC filters. Furthermore, the PAPR of 16-APSK can be reduced by approximately 20% compared to 16-QAM.

[0243] In principle, QAM modulation, by using orthogonal I-path and Q-path signals (e.g., sin and cos signals), can jointly carry information in both amplitude and phase dimensions (three levels of amplitude variation). APSK modulation, of the same order, often has lower degrees of freedom in the bit-to-modulation symbol mapping (two levels of amplitude variation). Figure 4A is a constellation diagram of APSK and QAM according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 4A, the advantage of APSK's PAPR mainly stems from fewer levels of amplitude variation corresponding to power. Optionally, Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of the AM / AM domain according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Referring to Figure 4B, an additional advantage of APSK is that the AM / AM domain can avoid the amplitude variation region of HPA. However, given a given inner and outer ring power ratio, the number of points on the outer ring of APSK also needs to be carefully designed to avoid regions with significant AM / PM distortion.

[0244] To accommodate the aforementioned AM-AM / AM-PM HPA distortion characteristics, the DVB-S2 protocol supports APSK modulation instead of QAM. Taking 16APSK as an example, the protocol supports an 8+8APSK constellation diagram, with the bit-to-constellation mapping varying slightly depending on the code rate. However, all diagrams possess Gray mapping characteristics.

[0245] If the number of bits is even (i.e., log2(M) is even for M-PSK), the number of points in all inner and outer loops can remain consistent, and a bit-to-constellation mapping relationship satisfying the Gray mapping can generally be found. Unlike QAM modulation, even if APSK uses different numbers of points for IQ path modulation and mapping, the constellation diagram symmetry can still be maintained. Therefore, the number of points corresponding to a constellation point can be odd. However, if the number of bits corresponding to each constellation point is odd, the number of points in each loop generally cannot remain consistent. For example, the 32APSK modulation supported by the DVB-S2 protocol is 4+12+16 or 4+8+4+16APSK, and the bit-to-constellation mapping is difficult to satisfy the Gray mapping characteristics.

[0246] In summary, the design of the constellation diagram itself and the bit-to-constellation point mapping are both related to the distortion characteristics of the HPA model, or more specifically, the AM-AM / AM-PM domain of the RF. The number of loops in the constellation diagram, the phase difference between different constellation points within a loop, and the bit-to-constellation point mapping are all related to the HPA distortion characteristics. Even if the Gray mapping cannot be satisfied, a customized bit-to-constellation point mapping method can be developed based on the HPA distortion characteristics.

[0247] Another method that simultaneously adapts to HPA distortion characteristics and high-order transmission is to use multi-layer transmission, with each layer using a certain low-order modulation. For example, the superposition of 8PSK+8PSK layers can obtain a 64PSK constellation diagram. In the DVB-S2 protocol, a 64PSK constellation diagram of 16APSK+16APSK+16APSK+16APSK is supported.

[0248] NR and LTE protocols only support QAM modulation with an even number of characteristics.

[0249] Optionally, DVB-S2 currently does not support multi-layer overlay transmission, and higher-order modulation may be affected by the distortion characteristics of the AM-AM or AM-PM domain HPA, resulting in constellation diagram deformation. NR and LTE protocols only support QAM modulation with even-numbered characteristic values.

[0250] This disclosure proposes a technical solution for a unified 6G air interface that avoids the aforementioned technical problems and provides a method applicable to NTN-TN coexistence and integration scenarios.

[0251] The method of this disclosure embodiment is mainly as follows:

[0252] Optional Embodiment: This disclosure provides a data transmission method applied to a first transmission node. The first transmission node sends a data signal to be transmitted to a second transmission node. The generation process of the data signal includes at least a bit-to-constellation point mapping. The number of bits mapped to a modulation constellation point, denoted as bm, can be an odd number, i.e., mod(bm,2) = 1. The bit-to-constellation point mapping method requires that the bits (bm,2) be mapped to a constellation point. 1,i ,b 2,i ,…,b k,i In the mathematical operation of mapping from a point to a constellation (di), this term is applied. Where k is a positive integer and increases as bm increases.

[0253] The bit-to-constellation point mapping method includes a constellation diagram composed of constellation points corresponding to the full sorting of bm bit numbers.

[0254] Optional embodiments

[0255] Referring to Figures 2B and 2C above, constellation diagrams for 16QAM and 16APSK are given. There are 16 possible permutations of 4 bits. The mapping of all bits to constellation points under the permutations in the constellation diagram is shown in Figure 2B. In the 16APSK constellation diagram, the inner circle is C2 and the outer circle is C1. The inner circle has 4 points and the outer circle has 12 points, so it is also called 4+12APSK modulation. Constellation points equidistant from the origin can be understood as constellation points with the same amplitude. Taking (0011) as an example, depending on the amplitude settings of the inner and outer circles and their respective phase deviation settings, its nearest constellation point can be (1011), (0001), (0110), (0010), or (0111). Taking the bit XOR of (0011) and (0110) as an example, the XOR result is (0101), where the number of 1 bits is 2, which is equal to the number of circles 2.

[0256] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M (M>=1) rings, which are constellation points equidistant from the origin. The phase difference between constellation points in each ring is equal, and there is an amplitude difference between the rings. The outermost ring has the most constellation points.

[0257] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M (M>=1) rings, which are constellation points equidistant from the origin. The phase difference between constellation points in each ring is equal, and there is an amplitude difference between the rings. The innermost ring has the fewest constellation points.

[0258] Let the bit stream (c1, c2, ..., c) corresponding to any constellation point g on this constellation diagram be denoted as c1, c2, ..., c2. bm The bit stream (f1, f2, ..., f) corresponding to the nearest constellation point f. bm The bit stream (s1, s2, ..., s) obtained by performing a bit XOR operation bm The number of bits 1 in the given information is z, where z <= M.

[0259] Optional embodiments

[0260] For terrestrial communication, the first transmission node can be a UE, and the second transmission node can be a base station. Alternatively, for NTN communication, the first transmission node can be a UE, the second transmission node can be a satellite, and the third transmission node can be a base station. In both terrestrial and NTN communication, the UE can use QAM modulation for transmission on the link between the first and second transmission nodes. For NTN communication, the satellite can convert the transmission symbols from the UE into APSK modulation symbols, and the base station needs to be indicated that these symbols are indeed APSK and not the QAM modulation symbols used in terrestrial communication.

[0261] One possible conversion step is for the satellite to demodulate the received transmission modulation symbols from the UE, obtain the corresponding bits, and then remodulate them onto new transmission symbols.

[0262] The second conversion step can be that the satellite directly converts the received UE's transmission modulation symbols into APSK symbols through symbol-level mapping.

[0263] APSK modulation can also supplement or replace QAM modulation for satellite and terrestrial communications.

[0264] The scenario of base stations transmitting data to terminals is similar.

[0265] This disclosure also proposes an apparatus (also referred to as a communication device, etc.) for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0266] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0267] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0268] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The first device is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5A, the first device may include at least one of a transceiver module, a processing module, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module is used to send a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to a second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol, and the first device communicates with a third device through the second device; or, the transceiver module is further used to send a second modulation symbol to a third device; wherein the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0269] Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0270] Optionally, the second modulation method includes:

[0271] The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme;

[0272] The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0273] Optionally, the data bit modulation is mapped to an odd number of bits at a constellation point.

[0274] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1;

[0275] The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0276] The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal;

[0277] The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal;

[0278] There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles;

[0279] The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points;

[0280] The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points;

[0281] The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M;

[0282] Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0283] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0284] The second modulation scheme is determined to be used for modulation mapping of the data bits.

[0285] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0286] The first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme are determined as candidate modulation schemes, and the second modulation scheme is selected from the candidate modulation schemes to perform modulation mapping on the data bits.

[0287] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0288] Send a first indication message to the third device, the first indication message being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0289] Optionally, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or

[0290] The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes shaped modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or

[0291] The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

[0292] Optionally, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0293] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The second device is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5B, the second device may include at least one of a transceiver module, a processing module, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module is used to receive a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol sent by the first device; the processing module is used to determine a second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol when the second device receives the first modulation symbol; the transceiver module is further used to send the second modulation symbol to a third device; wherein, the first modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under a second modulation mode; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0294] Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the second device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the second device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0295] Optionally, determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes:

[0296] The first modulation symbol is demodulated to recover the data bits;

[0297] The restored data bits are modulated and mapped using the second modulation method to obtain the second modulation symbol.

[0298] Optionally, determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes:

[0299] Perform symbol-level mapping on the first modulation symbol to convert the first modulation symbol into the second modulation symbol.

[0300] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0301] Send a second indication message to the third device, the second indication message being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0302] Optionally, the second modulation method includes:

[0303] The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme;

[0304] The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0305] Optionally, the data bit modulation is mapped to an odd number of bits at a constellation point.

[0306] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1;

[0307] The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0308] The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal;

[0309] The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal;

[0310] There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles;

[0311] The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points;

[0312] The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points;

[0313] The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M;

[0314] Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0315] Optionally, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or

[0316] The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes shaped modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or

[0317] The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

[0318] Optionally, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0319] Figure 5C is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The third device is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5C, the third device may include at least one of a transceiver module, a processing module, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module is used to receive a second modulation symbol sent by a first device or a second device; wherein the first device communicates with the third device through the second device; wherein the second modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation mode; the second modulation symbol sent by the second device is sent from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol sent by the second device is determined by the second device based on the first modulation symbol; wherein the second modulation symbol sent by the first device is obtained by the first device performing modulation mapping on the data bit using the second modulation mode; the first modulation symbol is a modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation mode; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

[0320] Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the third device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the third device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0321] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0322] Receive first indication information sent by the first device, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device; or

[0323] The device receives a second indication message sent by the second device, the second indication message being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

[0324] Optionally, the second modulation method includes:

[0325] The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme;

[0326] The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

[0327] Optionally, the data bit modulation is mapped to an odd number of bits at a constellation point.

[0328] Optionally, the constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1;

[0329] The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0330] The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal;

[0331] The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal;

[0332] There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles;

[0333] The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points;

[0334] The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points;

[0335] The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M;

[0336] Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

[0337] Optionally, the first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or

[0338] The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes shaped modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or

[0339] The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

[0340] Optionally, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

[0341] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 6100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device 6100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 6100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0342] As shown in Figure 6A, the communication device 6100 is used to execute any of the above methods. In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 includes one or more processors 6101. The processor 6101 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor may be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit may be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 6100 is used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 are used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 6100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0343] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more transceivers 6102. When the communication device 6100 includes one or more transceivers 6102, the transceiver 6102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method, and the processor 6101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0344] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more memories 6103 for storing data and / or instructions. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 are used to invoke instructions stored in the memory 6103 to cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, all or part of the memory 6103 may also be located outside the communication device 6100. In an optional embodiment, the communication device 6100 may include one or more interface circuits 6104. Optionally, the interface circuit 6104 is connected to the memory 6102 and can be used to receive data and / or instructions from the memory 6102 or other devices, and can be used to send data and / or instructions to the memory 6102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 6104 can read data and / or instructions stored in the memory 6102 and send the data and / or instructions to the processor 6101.

[0345] The communication device 6100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 6100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 6100 may not be limited by FIG. 6A. The communication device may be a standalone device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data, programs and / or instructions; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0346] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 6200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 6100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 6200 shown in Figure 6B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0347] Chip 6200 includes one or more processors 6201. Chip 6200 is used to perform any of the methods described above.

[0348] In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more interface circuits 6202. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more memories 6203 for storing data and / or instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6203 may be located outside of chip 6200. Optionally, interface circuit 6202 is connected to memory 6203, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to receive data and / or instructions from memory 6203 or other devices, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to send data and / or instructions to memory 6203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 6202 can read data and / or instructions stored in memory 6203 and send the data and / or instructions to processor 6201.

[0349] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 6202 performs at least one of the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method. For example, the interface circuit 6202 performing the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method means that the interface circuit 6202 performs data and / or instruction interaction between the processor 6201, the chip 6200, the memory 6203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 6201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0350] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0351] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0352] This disclosure also proposes a program product, including a program and / or instructions, which, when executed by a communication device, cause the communication device to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product. Optionally, the program product is stored on the storage medium.

[0353] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

[0354] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs. When the computer program is loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this disclosure are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0355] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0356] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0357] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A symbol transmission method, characterized in that, Performed by a first device, the method includes: The first device sends a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to the second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol, and the first device communicates with the third device through the second device; or Send the second modulation symbol to the third device; Wherein, the first modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation mode; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second modulation method includes: The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme; The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The number of bits mapped to a constellation point in the data bit modulation is odd.

4. The method as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1; The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal; There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles; The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points; The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points; The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M; Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second modulation scheme is determined to be used for modulation mapping of the data bits.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme are determined as candidate modulation schemes, and the second modulation scheme is selected from the candidate modulation schemes to perform modulation mapping on the data bits.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a first indication message to the third device, the first indication message being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes sculpted modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or The first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

10. A symbol transmission method, characterized in that, Performed by a second device, the method includes: Receive the first modulation symbol or the second modulation symbol sent by the first device; The second device receives the first modulation symbol and determines the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol; The second modulation symbol is sent to the third device; Wherein, the first modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is the modulation mapping symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation mode; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation mode is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation mode.

11. The method as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The step of determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes: The first modulation symbol is demodulated to recover the data bits; The restored data bits are modulated and mapped using the second modulation method to obtain the second modulation symbol.

12. The method as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The step of determining the second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol includes: Perform symbol-level mapping on the first modulation symbol to convert the first modulation symbol into the second modulation symbol.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second indication message to the third device, the second indication message being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that, The second modulation method includes: The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme; The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

15. The method as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The number of bits mapped to a constellation point in the data bit modulation is odd.

16. The method as described in claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1; The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal; There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles; The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points; The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points; The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M; Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

17. The method according to any one of claims 10-16, characterized in that, The first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes sculpted modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

18. The method according to any one of claims 10-17, characterized in that, The first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or The first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

19. A symbol transmission method, characterized in that, Performed by a third device, the method includes: Receive the second modulation symbol sent by the first device or the second device; The first device communicates with the third device through the second device; Wherein, the second modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation method; the second modulation symbol sent by the second device is sent from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol sent by the second device is determined by the second device based on the first modulation symbol; wherein, the second modulation symbol sent by the first device is obtained by the first device after performing modulation mapping on the data bit using the second modulation method; the first modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation method; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation method is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation method.

20. The method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first indication information sent by the first device, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device; or The device receives a second indication message sent by the second device, the second indication message being used to indicate that the second device is sending the second modulation symbol to the third device.

21. The method as described in claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The second modulation method includes: The data bits are modulated and mapped onto at least one constellation point in the constellation diagram of the second modulation scheme; The second modulation symbol is determined based on the constellation points mapped by the data bits in the constellation diagram.

22. The method as described in claim 21, characterized in that, The number of bits mapped to a constellation point in the data bit modulation is odd.

23. The method as described in claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The constellation diagram includes M circles of constellation points, where the centers of the M circles of constellation points are the same, M is an integer, and M≥1; The constellation chart satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The phase difference between different constellation points located in the same circle is equal; The amplitudes between different constellation points located in the same circle are equal; There are amplitude differences between different constellation points located in different circles; The outermost circle of circle M has the largest number of constellation points; The innermost circle of circle M has the fewest constellation points; The number of 1 bits included in the third bit value obtained by XORing the first bit value and the second bit value of the constellation diagram is less than or equal to M; Wherein, the first bit value is the bit value corresponding to any constellation point in the constellation diagram, and the constellation point corresponding to the second bit value is closest to the constellation point corresponding to the first bit value.

24. The method according to any one of claims 19-23, characterized in that, The first modulation method includes quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbols; the second modulation method includes amplitude phase keying (APSK) modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbols; or The first modulation scheme includes QAM, and the first modulation symbol includes QAM modulation symbol; the second modulation scheme includes sculpted modulation (SM), and the second modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; or The first modulation method includes SM, and the first modulation symbol includes SM modulation symbol; the second modulation method includes APSK modulation, and the second modulation symbol includes APSK modulation symbol.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19-24, characterized in that, The first device is a terminal, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is an access network device; or The first device is an access network device, the second device is a satellite device, and the third device is a terminal.

26. A first device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is used to send a first modulation symbol or a second modulation symbol to a second device, wherein the first modulation symbol is used to determine the second modulation symbol, and the first device communicates with a third device through the second device; or The transceiver module is also used to send a second modulation symbol to a third device; Wherein, the first modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation mode; Under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels in the second modulation method is less than the number of amplitude levels in the first modulation method.

27. A second device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is used to receive the first modulation symbol or the second modulation symbol sent by the first device; The processing module is configured to determine a second modulation symbol based on the first modulation symbol when the second device receives the first modulation symbol; The transceiver module is also used to send the second modulation symbol to the third device; Wherein, the first modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation mode; the second modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation mode; Under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels in the second modulation method is less than the number of amplitude levels in the first modulation method.

28. A third device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is used to receive the second modulation symbol sent by the first device or the second device; The first device communicates with the third device through the second device; Wherein, the second modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the second modulation method; the second modulation symbol sent by the second device is sent from the first device to the second device, or the second modulation symbol sent by the second device is determined by the second device based on the first modulation symbol; wherein, the second modulation symbol sent by the first device is obtained by the first device after performing modulation mapping on the data bit using the second modulation method; the first modulation symbol is the modulation-mapped symbol corresponding to the data bit under the first modulation method; under the same modulation order, the number of amplitude levels of the second modulation method is less than the number of amplitude levels of the first modulation method.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The communication device is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

30. A communication device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The communication device is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 10 to 18.

31. A communication device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The communication device is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 19 to 25.

32. A communication system, characterized in that, The device includes a first device, a second device, and a third device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the second device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 10 to 18, and the third device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 19 to 25.

33. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

34. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 18.

35. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 19 to 25.

36. A program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a communication device, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

37. A program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a communication device, implements the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 18.

38. A program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a communication device, implements the method as described in any one of claims 19 to 25.

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