Time alignment method, communication device, and communication system

Abstract

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a time alignment method, a communication device, and a communication system. The time alignment method comprises: a test equipment (TE) or a network device (NW) configuring first information of a user equipment (UE), wherein the first information is used for performing, at a same time instance, time alignment on a predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE and a ground-truth RSRP calculated by the TE or the NW. Therefore, it is ensured that a predicted RSRP and a ground-truth RSRP are compared at a same time instance, thereby improving the reliability of performance verification of an AI model.

Description

Time alignment methods, communication equipment and communication systems Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a time alignment method, communication device and communication system. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, seamless handover between cells is crucial for maintaining high-quality connectivity when users move between different coverage areas. However, traditional methods for measuring Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) for handover decisions can face significant challenges, such as increased measurement overhead and potential delays in detecting the optimal handover timing.

[0003] With the development of artificial intelligence, AI-based mobility management mechanisms can improve the estimation and switching management efficiency of RSRP to some extent. However, the mechanism is not yet mature and needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a time alignment method, a communication device, and a communication system to further enhance power-saving mechanisms.

[0005] On one hand, embodiments of this disclosure provide a time alignment method, the method comprising:

[0006] The test equipment (TE) or network equipment (NW) configures the first information of the user equipment (UE), which is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the real ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0007] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0008] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0009] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0010] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0011] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0012] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0013] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a time alignment method, the method comprising:

[0014] User equipment (UE) receives first information configured for the UE by test equipment (TE) or network equipment (NW); wherein, the first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE to the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance;

[0015] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0016] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0017] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0018] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0019] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0020] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0021] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including a TE or an NW, the TE or NW including:

[0022] The configuration module is used to configure the first information of the user equipment (UE), which is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance;

[0023] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0024] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0025] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0026] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0027] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0028] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0029] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including a UE, the UE including:

[0030] The receiving module is configured to receive first information configured for the UE by the test equipment TE or the network equipment NW; wherein, the first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE by the TE or NW with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance;

[0031] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0032] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0033] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0034] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0035] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0036] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0037] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including TE or NW, comprising:

[0038] One or more processors;

[0039] The TE or NW is used to execute the time alignment method described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0040] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including a UE, comprising:

[0041] One or more processors;

[0042] The UE is used to execute the time alignment method described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0043] This disclosure also provides a communication system, including a TE or NW and a UE; wherein the TE or NW is configured to implement the time alignment method described in this disclosure, and the UE is configured to implement the time alignment method described in this disclosure.

[0044] This disclosure also provides a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the time alignment method as described in this disclosure.

[0045] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the test device TE or network device NW configures first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance, so as to ensure that the predicted RSRP and the real RSRP are compared at the same time instance, thereby improving the reliability of AI model performance verification.

[0046] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 2 is one of the exemplary interaction diagrams of the method provided according to the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 3 is a second exemplary interactive schematic diagram of the method provided according to the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 4 is a third exemplary interactive schematic diagram of the method provided according to the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of one of the examples provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0053] Figure 6 is a second schematic diagram of an example provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 7 is a fourth exemplary interactive schematic diagram of the method provided according to the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0055] Figure 8 is a fifth exemplary interactive schematic diagram of the method provided according to the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0056] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an example provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Figure 10 is a fourth schematic diagram of an example provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] Figure 11 is a fifth schematic diagram of an example provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating one of the time alignment methods provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] Figure 13 is a second schematic flowchart of the time alignment method provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of TE or NW proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0062] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the UE proposed in the embodiment of this disclosure;

[0063] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device proposed in the embodiment of this disclosure;

[0064] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0065] This disclosure presents a time alignment method, a communication device, and a communication system.

[0066] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a time alignment method, the method comprising:

[0067] The test equipment (TE) or network equipment (NW) configures the first information of the user equipment (UE), which is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the real ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0068] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0069] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0070] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0071] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0072] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0073] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0074] In the above embodiments, the test device TE or network device NW configures the user equipment UE with first information. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance, so as to ensure that the predicted RSRP and the real RSRP are compared at the same time instance, thereby improving the reliability of AI model performance verification.

[0075] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a time alignment method, the method comprising:

[0076] User equipment (UE) receives first information configured for the UE by test equipment (TE) or network equipment (NW); wherein, the first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE to the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance;

[0077] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0078] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0079] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0080] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0081] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0082] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0083] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including a TE or an NW, wherein the TE or NW includes at least one of a determining module and a transmitting module; wherein the TE or NW is used to perform the optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0084] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including a UE, comprising: a first receiving module; wherein the UE is used to execute an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0085] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including TE or NW, comprising:

[0086] One or more processors;

[0087] The TE or NW is used to implement the optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0088] Sixthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication device, the communication device including a UE, comprising:

[0089] One or more processors;

[0090] The UE is used to execute an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0091] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a communication system, including a TE or NW and a UE; wherein the TE or NW is configured to perform the optional implementation as described in the first aspect, and the UE is configured to perform the optional implementation as described in the second aspect.

[0092] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the optional implementations described in the first and second aspects.

[0093] Ninthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0094] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0095] Eleventhly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described according to optional implementations of the first and second aspects above.

[0096] It is understood that the aforementioned TE or NW, UE, communication system, storage medium, program product, computer program, chip, or chip system are all used to perform the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] This disclosure provides a time alignment method, a communication device, and a communication system. In some embodiments, the terms "time alignment method" and "signal transmission method" and "wireless frame transmission method" can be used interchangeably, as can the terms "information processing system" and "communication system".

[0098] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0099] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0100] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0101] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0102] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of A or B, at least one of A and B”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0103] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of whether there is a branch B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of whether there is a branch A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, both A and B are executed. The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0104] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of whether a branch B exists); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of whether a branch A exists); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0105] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0106] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0107] In some embodiments, terms such as "time / frequency" and "time-frequency domain" refer to the time domain and / or frequency domain.

[0108] In some embodiments, terms such as “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “when…”, “if…”, etc. can be used interchangeably. These descriptions all refer to the device making a corresponding action under certain objective circumstances. They do not necessarily limit the time, nor do they require the device to make a judgment action when implementing it, nor do they mean that there must be other limitations.

[0109] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0110] In some embodiments, devices, etc., may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to those described in the embodiments. Terms such as “device,” “equipment,” “circuit,” “network element,” “network function,” “network device,” “function,” “node,” “unit,” “section,” “system,” “network,” “chip,” “chip system,” “entity,” and “subject” are interchangeable.

[0111] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0112] In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "side"). For example, uplink channel and downlink channel can be replaced with side channel, and uplink link and downlink link can be replaced with side link.

[0113] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," or "fixed station." In some embodiments, it may also be understood as "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," or "bandwidth part (BWP)."

[0114] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" may be referred to as "user equipment (UE)," "user terminal," "mobile station (MS)," "mobile terminal (MT)," "subscriber station," "mobile unit," "subscriber unit," "wireless unit," "remote unit," "mobile device," "wireless device," "wireless communication device," "remote device," "mobile subscriber station," "access terminal," "mobile terminal," "wireless terminal," "remote terminal," "handset," "user agent," "mobile client," "client," etc.

[0115] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0116] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0117] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0118] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0119] As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 includes a test equipment (TE) or network device (NW) 101 and user equipment (UE) 102. The TE or NW can also be referred to as TE / NW.

[0120] In some embodiments, UE 102 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0121] In some embodiments, the network device may include at least one of an access network device and a core network device.

[0122] In some embodiments, a core network device may be a single device comprising one or more network elements, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each comprising all or part of the aforementioned one or more network elements. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), or a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0123] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0124] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1 are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1, or may include other main bodies outside of FIG1. ​​The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0125] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other resource determination methods, and next-generation systems extended from them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0126] Figure 2 is one of the interactive schematic diagrams of a time alignment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the method includes:

[0127] Step 201: The test device TE or network device NW configures the first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0128] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0129] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0130] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0131] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0132] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0133] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0134] In modern wireless communication systems, seamless handover between cells is crucial for maintaining high-quality connectivity as users move between different coverage areas. However, traditional methods of making handover decisions by measuring the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) present significant challenges, including high measurement overhead and difficulty in detecting the optimal handover timing in real time. AI mobility solutions offer a new approach to addressing these issues by innovating RSRP estimation and handover management mechanisms.

[0135] A key advantage of AI-powered mobility is its ability to reduce the measurement overhead associated with RSRP estimation. Traditional RSRP measurements rely on frequent and resource-intensive signal strength detection, which consumes network resources and increases latency. AI mobility, however, reduces this reliance on continuous measurements through predictive analytics. AI models can identify patterns and trends in signal behavior, enabling networks to make accurate handover decisions with fewer physical measurements, thereby saving resources and improving system efficiency.

[0136] Improving RSRP estimation accuracy through AI mobility directly translates to better handover performance. AI mobility, through high-precision RSRP estimation, can predict signal strength fluctuations and more accurately identify the optimal handover point, thereby significantly reducing the probability of connection interruptions and handover failures. This is particularly important in high-mobility scenarios such as vehicular communications or densely populated urban areas, significantly enhancing the stability of the user experience.

[0137] Furthermore, AI mobility can dynamically adapt to changing network conditions and user needs. For example, when faced with fluctuating traffic loads or complex environments (such as urban canyons or rural terrain), AI models can adjust prediction strategies in real time to ensure optimal switching performance. This adaptability enables the network to maintain efficient responsiveness under diverse operating conditions.

[0138] Artificial intelligence mobility represents a significant leap forward in RSRP estimation and handover management. By leveraging the power of artificial intelligence and machine learning, it provides a more efficient, accurate, and adaptive approach to maintaining seamless connectivity. Reduced measurement overhead and enhanced handover performance not only improve user satisfaction but also contribute to increased overall efficiency and scalability of wireless networks. With the ever-growing demand for high-speed, reliable connectivity, artificial intelligence mobility is becoming a crucial solution for modern communication systems.

[0139] To evaluate the mobility performance of artificial intelligence, it is necessary to verify the accuracy of the predicted L3-RSRP. This requires defining an accuracy definition and establishing a corresponding method for verifying the predicted RSRP.

[0140] Traditional L3-RSRP is measured, not predicted. As an example, the accuracy of measured L3-RSRP is defined as follows:

[0141] L3-RSRP accuracy = Reported L3-RSRP - Ground condition of L3-RSRP.

[0142] The TE (Test Equipment) side has a known ground truth of L3-RSRP. Accuracy was verified under an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. For AWGN channels, the channel does not change over time, and the transmit power is constant. From the TE side, it can transmit a predefined TX power unknown to the UE. The UE measures the L3-RSRP and reports it to the TE. The TE can compare the reported L3-RSRP with the predefined TX power and verify whether the L3-RSRP is within the required range.

[0143] Typically, the performance metrics for L3-RSRP accuracy in AI-driven mobility are as follows:

[0144] For AI mobility, the performance metrics for L3-RSRP (Layer 3 Reference Signal Received Power) accuracy are defined as follows:

[0145] Absolute L3 prediction RSRP accuracy = Reported predicted L3 - RSRP value - Ground Truth value of L3 - RSRP

[0146] Note: The ground truth of L3-RSRP needs to be defined in FR1 (Sub-6 GHz band) and FR2 (millimeter wave band).

[0147] In AI-powered mobility, the channel model becomes a fading channel, which differs from traditional AWGN channels. For fading channels, the channel changes over time. If the predicted RSRP is at time T1, while the actual ground RSRP is at time T2 (T1 and T2 are different times), a timing mismatch will occur, making it impossible to correctly verify the RSRSP prediction performance.

[0148] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the test equipment (TE) or network equipment (NW) configures first information of the user equipment (UE). This first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the real ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance. The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0149] Case 1: The UE performs RSRP measurements of the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0150] Case 2, configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0151] Case 3: The UE performs RSRP prediction of the reporting period and offset;

[0152] Case 4: The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0153] Case 5: When the UE performs RSRP reporting, the content information that needs to be reported includes the RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0154] In Case 1, the TE or NW configures the Reference Signal Periodicity and / or Offset for the UE to perform RSRP measurements. The Reference Signal Periodicity defines the repetition interval of the reference signal in the time domain. The UE needs to configure periodic measurements of the reference signal strength (such as RSRP) based on this period. The Offset defines the starting position of the reference signal in time resources, used to avoid resource conflicts between multiple cells or reference signals, and to optimize the UE's measurement timing.

[0155] In scenario 2, TE or NW configures the UE with the configuration information for the time instance of RSRP prediction.

[0156] The configuration information for time instances includes parameters such as the timing trigger rules for RSRP prediction operations, prediction window length, and time alignment mechanism. These configurations directly affect the synchronization of input data, resource overhead, and real-time performance of switching decisions for the prediction model.

[0157] In scenario 3, the TE or NW configures the reporting period and offset for the UE to perform RSRP prediction. The reporting period and offset are used to control the timing when the UE reports the measurement results. The reporting period is the time interval between two consecutive RSRP measurement results reported by the UE. The offset is used to determine the specific reporting time of the UE within the period, avoiding signaling conflicts caused by multiple UEs reporting at the same time, and reducing the instantaneous network load by distributing the time.

[0158] In scenario 4, the TE or NW configures the number of RSRP values ​​to be reported each time when the UE performs RSRP reporting; when the UE performs RSRP reporting, it determines the number of RSRP values ​​to be reported each time based on the configuration of the first information.

[0159] In scenario 5, the TE or NW configures the UE to report RSRP information when performing RSRP reporting. This information includes the RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value. That is, when the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the RSRP value each time, along with the time information corresponding to each RSRP value, according to the configuration in the first information. The TE or NW can then perform time alignment based on the time information corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0160] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the test device TE or network device NW configures first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance, so as to ensure that the predicted RSRP and the real RSRP are compared at the same time instance, thereby improving the reliability of AI model performance verification.

[0161] Figure 3 is a second interactive schematic diagram of a time alignment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes:

[0162] Step 301: The test device TE or network device NW configures the first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0163] The first information includes:

[0164] The UE performs RSRP measurements of the reference signal period and / or offset.

[0165] The reference signal period defines the repetition interval of the reference signal in the time domain. The UE needs to configure periodic measurement of the reference signal strength (such as RSRP) according to this period. The offset defines the starting position of the reference signal in the time resources, which is used to avoid resource conflicts between multiple cells or reference signals and optimize the UE's measurement timing.

[0166] As an example, in 5G NR, when using SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) measurements, the first information may only include the reference signal period, and the period can be configured as {5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms, etc.}, depending on the network deployment scenario: For low-frequency bands (FR1, Sub-6 GHz): a longer period (e.g., 20ms) is typically used, suitable for scenarios with low mobility. For high-frequency bands (FR2, millimeter wave): due to the high time-varying nature of the channel, a shorter period (e.g., 5ms or 10ms) may be configured to support fast beam tracking. Optionally, the offset is typically in units of subframe / slot or symbol; for example, the time-domain offset of the SSB in 5G NR is configured through the parameters ssb-PositionsInBurst and subcarrierOffset.

[0167] In 5G NR, CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) measurements are used, and the first piece of information includes the reference signal period and offset. Specifically, the CSI-RS period is flexibly configurable (e.g., {5, 10, 20, 40, 80} ms), suitable for fine-grained channel measurements or beamforming management. CSI-RS is commonly used for high-precision RSRP measurements (e.g., L3-RSRP) and beamforming optimization. Optionally, the CSI-RS period and offset can be defined by the higher-layer parameter CSI-ResourceConfig, and this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.

[0168] For periodic transmissions using SMTC (SSB Measurement Timing Configuration) as the timing reference measurement, the first information includes the reference signal period and offset. Specifically, SMTC is a key parameter in 5G NR used to configure the time window for UE measurement synchronization signal blocks (SSBs). Its core function is to define when and at what period the UE measures the SSB. By configuring the period and offset in SMTC, the UE is restricted to activating the receiver and performing SSB measurements only within a specific time window, avoiding the energy consumption and interference caused by continuous listening. In this embodiment, when SMTC is used as the timing reference measurement, the first information (such as configuration parameters in RRC signaling or system messages) must explicitly specify the reference signal period and offset. Specifically, the reference signal period of SMTC indicates the repetition time interval of the SSB measurement window, and the offset indicates the offset of the starting position of the SSB measurement window on the time axis relative to the system frame number (SF).

[0169] Step 302: The TE or NW sends the first information to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

[0170] The TE or NW sends first information to the UE via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling and / or Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) signaling. Specifically, RRC signaling, responsible for the semi-static configuration of the reference signal's period, offset, and reporting rules, is the core configuration method for measurement parameters. MAC CE signaling is typically used for dynamically activating / deactivating measurements or adjusting priorities, and does not directly configure the period and offset.

[0171] The TE or NW sends first information to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling, such as key parameters like the period and offset of SSB / CSI-RS, to ensure that the UE performs RSRP measurement as needed.

[0172] After the TE or NW sends the first message to the UE, the UE performs RSRP prediction according to the configuration of the first message and reports the predicted L3-RSRP to the TE or NW.

[0173] Step 303: The TE or NW performs time alignment on the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE and the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW.

[0174] The channel state is a fading channel model, and the calculation of the ground true RSRP is based on the dynamic channel change calculation at the time instance; for example, TE or NW calculates the ground true RSRP (theoretical value) based on the current channel state information (CSI) using ideal channel estimation. For large-scale fading, its calculation considers path loss, shadow fading, etc., and for small-scale fading, its calculation considers fast fading caused by multipath effects, etc.

[0175] For dynamic channel changes, such as instantaneous channel fluctuations caused by Doppler shift, time delay spread, etc.

[0176] The TE or NW synchronizes the time axis of the L3-RSRP predicted by the UE with the actual RSRP on the ground, ensuring that the two correspond to the channel state at the same time, so as to accurately assess the prediction error or optimize the parameters. Time-aligning the predicted L3-RSRP (Layer 3 Reference Received Power) and the actual RSRP (Reference Received Power) on the ground is a key step to ensure that the network (NW) accurately assesses the UE signal quality, optimizes resource scheduling and mobility management.

[0177] Figure 4 is a second interactive schematic diagram of a time alignment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes:

[0178] Step 401: The test device TE or network device NW configures the first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0179] The first information includes: configuration information of the time instance for the UE to perform RSRP prediction; the configuration information of the time instance includes parameters such as the time triggering rules for RSRP prediction operations, prediction window length, and time alignment mechanism. These configurations directly affect the synchronization of input data, resource overhead, and real-time performance of handover decisions in the prediction model.

[0180] In some embodiments, the configuration information of the time instance includes at least one of the following:

[0181] Configuration information 1: the first starting point, the first cycle information, the first offset, and the second offset of the observation window (OW).

[0182] Among them, OW is the time window in which the UE performs RSRP measurement and preprocessing (such as filtering and averaging). Its configuration determines the timing of measurement data acquisition. The first starting point is the starting point of the first OW. For example, it is time T0 in Figure 5. The first period information is the repetition period of OW, such as 20ms, 40ms, etc.

[0183] The first offset is the absolute time offset of the OW, that is, the absolute offset of the OW relative to the network-side time reference; the second offset is the time interval between the time start point of each OW and the predicted time of the UE (the predicted time within the PW corresponding to the OW), as shown in T1 in Figure 5; wherein, the predicted time of the UE can be the time when the UE generates the predicted value.

[0184] Thus, based on the first starting point, the first cycle information, the first offset, and the second offset, the prediction time for the UE in each PW can be determined. For example: with an OW cycle of 20ms and T1 = 10ms, the UE's prediction time for the first PW is 3ms after the OW start. Therefore, the UE generates the prediction value 10ms after the OW start, and the TE or NW calculates the actual ground RSRP at the same time. The UE's prediction time in subsequent cycles can be calculated by adding 20ms to each cycle.

[0185] Configuration information 2 includes the first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of the OW; wherein, the time start point of the first OW can be indicated by a pre-configured or default configuration. In this way, the prediction time of the UE in each PW can be determined according to the start point indicated by the pre-configured or default configuration, the first cycle information, the first offset, and the second offset.

[0186] As an example: with an OW period of 20ms and T1 = 10ms, the UE's prediction time for the first PW is 3ms after the pre-configured or default OW start. The UE generates the prediction value 10ms after the OW start, and the TE or NW calculates the actual ground RSRP at the same time. The UE's prediction time can be increased by 20ms in subsequent periods.

[0187] Configuration information 3 includes the second starting point, second period information, and third offset of the prediction window (PW); wherein, the second starting point is the time starting point of the first PW; and the third offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each PW and the prediction time of the UE, as shown by T1 in Figure 6.

[0188] Here, PW is the prediction time range defined by TE or NW for the UE, used to align the calculation window of the predicted RSRP with the actual RSRP on the ground. The second starting point is the absolute time start position of the first PW, as shown in T0 in Figure 6 as an example. The second periodicity is the repetition period of the PW (usually consistent with the OW period). The third offset is the time interval between the start time of each PW and the UE's prediction time, i.e., prediction time point = PW start time + T1). NW is the theoretical time instance of the prediction value defined by the UE through PW (e.g., prediction every 20ms), and is precisely aligned with the UE's prediction time through the third offset (T1).

[0189] As an example: with a PW period of 20ms and T1 = 3ms, the UE's prediction time for the first PW is 3ms after the start of the PW. The UE generates the predicted value 3ms after the start of the PW, and the TE or NW calculates the actual ground RSRP at the same time. The UE's prediction time in subsequent periods can be calculated by adding 20ms to each period.

[0190] Configuration information 4, PW's second cycle information and third offset;

[0191] The starting point of the first PW can be indicated by a pre-configured or default configuration. In this way, the prediction time of the UE in each PW can be determined based on the starting point indicated by the pre-configured or default configuration, the second period information, and the third offset.

[0192] As an example: with a PW period of 20ms and T1 = 3ms, the UE's prediction time for the first PW is 3ms after the pre-configured or default-configured OW start. The UE generates the prediction value 3ms after the PW start, and the TE or NW calculates the actual ground RSRP at the same time. The UE's prediction time in subsequent periods can be calculated by adding 20ms to each period.

[0193] Step 402: The TE or NW sends the first information to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

[0194] After the TE or NW sends the first message to the UE, the UE performs RSRP prediction according to the configuration of the first message and reports the predicted L3-RSRP to the TE or NW.

[0195] Step 403: The TE or NW performs time alignment on the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE and the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW.

[0196] The channel state is a fading channel model, and the calculation of the ground real RSRP is based on the dynamic channel change calculation at the time instance.

[0197] The TE or NW synchronizes the time axis of the L3-RSRP predicted by the UE with the actual RSRP on the ground, ensuring that the two correspond to the channel state at the same time, so as to accurately assess the prediction error or optimize the parameters. Time-aligning the predicted L3-RSRP (Layer 3 Reference Received Power) and the actual RSRP (Reference Received Power) on the ground is a key step to ensure that the network (NW) accurately assesses the UE signal quality, optimizes resource scheduling and mobility management.

[0198] Figure 7 is a third interactive schematic diagram of a time alignment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7, the method includes:

[0199] Step 701: The test device TE or network device NW configures the first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0200] The first information includes: configuration information of the time instance for the UE to perform RSRP prediction; the configuration information of the time instance includes parameters such as the time triggering rules for RSRP prediction operations, prediction window length, and time alignment mechanism. These configurations directly affect the synchronization of input data, resource overhead, and real-time performance of handover decisions in the prediction model.

[0201] In some embodiments, the configuration information of the time instance includes:

[0202] Configuration information 5, transmission cycle and offset information for SSB and / or SMTC.

[0203] The Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) is typically used for cell search, measurement, and beam management. The SMTC (SSB Measurement Timing Configuration) includes the time window configuration information for UE measurement of the SSB.

[0204] Specifically, the SSB periodicity includes the transmission period of the SSB signal, such as 5ms or 10ms. The offset information or offset is used to indicate the starting position of the SSB within the period, such as subframe 2 with system frame number SFN = 0.

[0205] The SMTC transmission period is typically aligned with the SSB period to determine the repetition interval of the measurement window. The SMTC offset identifies the starting position relative to the system frame number and is used to align the SSB transmission times of different cells to avoid collisions.

[0206] The configuration of SSB and / or SMTC determines the timing of the UE's reference signal measurement, directly affecting the quality of the OW's measurement data. If the OW and SSB transmission windows are aligned, it ensures that the UE completes the measurement within the SSB's validity period.

[0207] In some embodiments, the transmission period and offset information of the SSB are used for: the TE or NW and the UE to calculate a predicted time instance based on the SSB transmission slot, and then perform time alignment thereafter.

[0208] The transmission period and offset information of the SMTC are used by the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the transmission period and time offset of the SMTC, and then perform time alignment thereafter.

[0209] Step 702: The TE or NW sends the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

[0210] The TE or NW configures the SSB / SMTC transmission period as a time reference point (e.g., using a specific SSB / SMTC transmission time as the starting point) to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

[0211] Step 703: The UE determines the predicted time instance based on the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC and the fourth offset pre-configured between the OW and the PW, and performs RSRP prediction and reporting after the target SSB time slot corresponding to the predicted time instance.

[0212] The UE determines the predicted time instance by combining the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC (e.g., the specified start time point) with the pre-configured fourth offset (e.g., their duration), and performs prediction and reporting at the corresponding time instance after the specified SSB time slot (the time slot of the pre-configured target SSB).

[0213] Step 704: The TE or NW records the channel state after the target SSB time slot and calculates the ground real RSRP corresponding to that time, which is used to calculate the accuracy of L3 predicted RSRP in subsequent calculations.

[0214] Figure 8 is a fourth interactive schematic diagram of a time alignment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 8, the method includes:

[0215] Step 801: The test device TE or network device NW configures the first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0216] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0217] Case 3: The UE performs RSRP prediction of the reporting period and offset;

[0218] Case 4: The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0219] Case 5: When the UE performs RSRP reporting, the content information that needs to be reported includes the RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0220] In Case 3, TE or NW configures the reporting period and offset for the UE to perform RSRP prediction. The reporting period and offset are used to control the timing of the UE reporting measurement results. The reporting period is the time interval between two consecutive RSRP measurement results reported by the UE. The offset is used to determine the specific reporting time of the UE within the period, so as to avoid signaling conflicts caused by multiple UEs reporting at the same time and reduce the instantaneous network load by dispersing the time.

[0221] In scenario 4, the TE or NW configures the number of RSRP values ​​to be reported each time when the UE performs RSRP reporting; when the UE performs RSRP reporting, it determines the number of RSRP values ​​to be reported each time based on the configuration of the first information.

[0222] In some embodiments, when the UE performs RSRP reporting in the first information, the number of RSRP values ​​reported each time is K, where K is greater than or equal to 1; optionally, the UE is allowed to report multiple values ​​simultaneously in one report, that is, to start reporting from the RSRP value at the Kth measurement period closest to the reporting time.

[0223] Among them, the K predicted L3-RSRP values ​​include at least one of the following:

[0224] Type 1: L3-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the K prediction periods closest to the reporting time; that is, when the UE reports, it selects the L3-RSRP prediction values ​​generated within the K consecutive prediction periods closest to the reporting time. For example, if the prediction period is 20ms and K=3, then the UE reports the 3 most recent prediction values ​​within the previous 60ms (3×20ms).

[0225] Type 2: prediction periods corresponding to the K maximum predicted L3-RSRP values between two reporting time windows; wherein the UE is required to report the time instants respectively corresponding to the K values. The UE selects the K maximum L3-RSRP values from all prediction values between two consecutive reporting time windows for reporting.

[0226] Wherein, the reporting window refers to a time period between two reporting actions; for the K maximum values, for example, the K values with the highest signal strength are selected from all prediction values within the window for reporting.

[0227] The UE is required to report the time instants respectively corresponding to the K values, and the time instants respectively corresponding to the K values are used to determine that each prediction value corresponds to the time instance when it is generated. As an example, the UE is configured to predict RSRP once every 20ms, and selects the latest 3 prediction values (that is, the prediction results within the past 60ms) for reporting, and reports these values and their corresponding time instants.

[0228] Case 5: When a TE or a NW configures the UE to perform RSRP reporting, the content information that needs to be reported includes RSRP values and the time instant corresponding to each of the RSRP values. That is, when the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to, according to the configuration of first information, report the RSRP values and the time instant information corresponding to each RSRP value in each reporting. Optionally, the RSRP values may be signal strength values predicted by the UE. The time instant information corresponding to each RSRP value is, for example, a timestamp of each RSRP value, which is used to mark the specific time when the prediction occurs, that is, the prediction time.

[0229] The TE or the NW may, according to the time instant information corresponding to each RSRP value, match the ground-truth RSRP at the same time instant (perform time alignment.

[0230] In some embodiments, in some embodiments, the configuration manner in Case 3 includes configuration manner 1 or configuration manner 2.

[0231] Configuration manner 1:

[0232] The TE or the NW configures that the reporting period is at least K times the prediction period of the UE, so as to ensure that each reporting contains complete K independent prediction results.

[0233] For example, if the reporting period T1 < K × prediction period T2, the UE cannot complete K predictions within one reporting period, resulting in incomplete reporting data (for example, when K=3 and T2=10ms, if T1=20ms, the UE can only complete 2 predictions).

[0234] However, if the reporting period T1 = K × prediction period T2, the UE exactly contains K prediction results in each reporting, with no overlap or omission.

[0235] Specifically, the TE or NW is configured to have a reporting period offset smaller than the UE's prediction period in order to align the prediction time window with the reporting time window and avoid cross-period data confusion.

[0236] For example, if the offset of the reporting period is greater than or equal to the UE's prediction period, the start time of the reporting window may skip a certain prediction period, resulting in some prediction values ​​not being included.

[0237] Conversely, if the offset of the reporting period is eliminated by the UE's prediction period, it can be ensured that each reporting window covers the complete K prediction periods.

[0238] As an example, the prediction period is 10ms, the offset of the reporting period is 5ms, and the reporting period is 30ms (K=3);

[0239] The reporting window is then [5ms, 35ms), [35ms, 65ms), ...

[0240] If the predicted times are 10ms, 20ms, and 30ms respectively, it can be seen that the first reporting window contains predicted values ​​for 10ms, 20ms, and 30ms.

[0241] Normally, unless a specific time instance is specified for the predicted L3-RSRP, the UE reports the latest predicted L3-RSRP value before the L3 reporting time. However, in sliding mode and non-sliding mode, the time interval between the L3 reporting time and the last available predicted L3-RSRP differs: in non-sliding mode, the L3-RSRP prediction period is the measurement period, which includes multiple SMTC windows. In sliding mode, the L3-RSRP prediction period is only a single SMTC window. This means that the L3-RSRP prediction time interval in sliding mode is much shorter than in non-sliding mode.

[0242] As shown in Figure 9, for the non-slipping mode and the slipping mode, the time intervals from the last available RSRP to the reporting time are T1 and T2, respectively. Therefore, from the perspective of TE or NW, the actual ground RSRP cannot be determined because the time instances corresponding to the predicted L3 RSRP are different.

[0243] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by designing the report configuration, the time instances of predicted L3 RSRP in sliding and non-sliding modes can be aligned. For configuration method 1, as shown in Figure 10, the reporting period (L3 Reporting periodicity in Figure 10) can be configured as the maximum predicted L3 RSRP sample period between different modes, that is, the maximum predicted L3 RSRP sample period between the prediction period of non-sliding mode (referred L3 RSRP periodicity, T1) and the prediction period of sliding mode (referred L3 RSRP periodicity, T2). Setting the reporting period to an integer multiple of the maximum predicted L3 RSRP sample period ensures that the UE completes at least one prediction in both modes within the reporting period.

[0244] In addition, the reporting offset should be aligned with the first sample of the maximum prediction period. The L3 UE will report the latest predicted L3 RSRP before the configured L3 reporting time.

[0245] In configuration method 2, the TE or NW configures the reporting period to be the total time length of the OW and the PW, and the total time length of the OW and the PW is an integer multiple of the prediction period of the UE, and the time length of the PW is an integer multiple N of the prediction period of the UE, where N is greater than or equal to 1.

[0246] The reporting period can be configured as the total length of OW+PW, where OW+PW will be an integer multiple of the measurement period.

[0247] In this case, the L3 predicted RSRP reported by the UE for both sliding and non-sliding modes is the last RSRP in the PW, and this is the same for both cases. For the TE side, the ground-based real-time RSRP timing instance is the latest RS before reporting.

[0248] As an example, as shown in Figure 11, the TE or NW configures the reporting periodicity to be the total time length of the OW and PW to ensure that the UE completes at least one prediction in both modes within the reporting period. The total time length of the OW and PW is an integer multiple of the UE's prediction period, and the time length of the PW is an integer multiple N of the UE's prediction period. This integer multiple alignment ensures that each report contains complete prediction period data, guaranteeing that each UE report contains a complete integer multiple of independent prediction results.

[0249] In some embodiments, the TE or NW configures the total time length of the OW and PW to be an integer multiple of the prediction period of the UE, including:

[0250] The prediction period is an integer multiple of the UE measurement period. If the prediction period is less than the measurement period, the UE needs to report the prediction period.

[0251] When there is no discontinuous reception DRX, the measurement period of the UE, obtained according to the TE or NW configuration, is determined according to the following formula 1:

[0252] Formula 1: TSSB_measurement_period_intra=max(200ms, M×Kp×TRS)×CSSFintra

[0253] Where Kp is a predefined parameter, CSSF is the same-frequency measurement scaling factor; M is the L1-RSRP value of M reference signals filtered in one measurement cycle; T RS The period of the configured reference signal;

[0254] The total length of the TE or NW, the OW and PW is an integer multiple of the prediction period.

[0255] As an example, the UE performs co-frequency measurements in the FR1 band without DRX (Discontinuous Receiver). OW+PW is an integer multiple of the measurement period. According to the measurement period table defined by 3GPP, when there is no DRX, according to the aforementioned formula 1, assuming Kp=1, SMTC period=20ms, CSSFintra=1, the measurement period is max(200, 5×20)=200ms.

[0256] Configure the total length of OW and PW to be an integer multiple of the measurement period (e.g., OW+PW=800ms).

[0257] Set OW = 600ms and PW = 200ms (total length of 200ms).

[0258] Then, in step 1, during the configuration phase (TE / NW Configuration)

[0259] The TE / NW configures measurement parameters to the UE via RRC signaling, including:

[0260] Measurement period (200ms),

[0261] The total length of OW+PW (800ms)

[0262] Reporting cycle (aligned with the measurement cycle, e.g., report once every 200ms).

[0263] Step 2, UE Operation:

[0264] Non-sliding mode:

[0265] The UE initiates a complete measurement process (OW+PW) every 200ms, that is, OW collects historical signal data and PW performs prediction.

[0266] The time instance for predicting RSRP is the end time of PW (e.g., prediction is completed at 800ms).

[0267] Sliding Mode:

[0268] The UE makes predictions using a smaller SMTC period (e.g., 40ms) sliding window, but by adjusting the start time of the PW, it ensures that the final reported RSRP value corresponds to the end time of the PW (i.e., it is aligned with the 800ms period of the non-sliding mode).

[0269] Step 3, TE / NW Validation:

[0270] TE / NW calculates Ground Truth RSRP at the end of each 200ms interval, based on the UE's reporting period (200ms).

[0271] Compare the predicted value reported by the UE with the actual value calculated by the TE at that time point (Ground Truth) to ensure that the time instances of the two are consistent.

[0272] After the TE or NW sends the first message to the UE, the UE performs RSRP prediction according to the configuration of the first message and reports the predicted L3-RSRP to the TE or NW.

[0273] Step 802: The TE or NW records the channel state at the time instance of the reference signal corresponding to the predicted L3-RSRP prediction period reported by the UE, and calculates the ground real RSRP corresponding to that time.

[0274] Step 803: The TE or NW performs time alignment on the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE and the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW.

[0275] The channel state is a fading channel model, and the calculation of the ground real RSRP is based on the dynamic channel change calculation at the time instance.

[0276] The TE or NW synchronizes the time axis of the L3-RSRP predicted by the UE with the actual RSRP on the ground, ensuring that the two correspond to the channel state at the same time, so as to accurately assess the prediction error or optimize the parameters. Time-aligning the predicted L3-RSRP (Layer 3 Reference Received Power) and the actual RSRP (Reference Received Power) on the ground is a key step to ensure that the network (NW) accurately assesses the UE signal quality, optimizes resource scheduling and mobility management.

[0277] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0278] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0279] In some embodiments, terms such as wireless access scheme and waveform can be used interchangeably.

[0280] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0281] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0282] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0283] The time alignment method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include the foregoing steps and at least one of the embodiments. For example, step 201 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 301 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 302 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 303 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 401 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 402 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 403 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 701 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step 702 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step 703 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; step 30 The combination of step 1 and step 302 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; the combination of steps 301, 302 and 303 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; the combination of steps 401 and 402 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; the combination of steps 401, 402 and 403 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; the combination of steps 701 and 702 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; the combination of steps 701, 702 and 703 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; the combination of steps 801 and 802 can be implemented as an independent embodiment; the combination of steps 801, 802 and 803 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0284] In some embodiments, other alternative implementations may be described before or after the specification corresponding to Figures 2 to 11.

[0285] Figure 12 is one of the flowcharts illustrating a time alignment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0286] As shown in Figure 12, the above method can be applied to TE or NW, and the method includes:

[0287] Step 1201: The test device TE or network device NW configures the first information of the user equipment UE. The first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0288] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0289] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0290] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0291] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0292] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0293] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0294] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the configuration information of the time instance includes at least one of the following:

[0295] The first starting point, first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of the observation window OW are defined; wherein, the first starting point is the time starting point of the first OW, the first offset is the absolute time offset of the OW, and the second offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each OW and the predicted time of the UE.

[0296] The first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of OW;

[0297] The prediction window PW has a second starting point, a second period information, and a third offset; wherein the second starting point is the time starting point of the first PW; and the third offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each PW and the prediction time of the UE.

[0298] The second cycle information and the third offset of PW;

[0299] Transmission cycle and offset information for SSB and / or SMTC.

[0300] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the transmission period and offset information of the SSB are used for: the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the SSB transmission slot;

[0301] The transmission period and offset information of the SMTC are used by the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the transmission period and time offset of the SMTC.

[0302] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the method further includes:

[0303] The TE or NW sends the transmission period information of the SSB and / or SMTC to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

[0304] The UE is instructed to determine the predicted time instance based on the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC, and based on the fourth offset pre-configured between the OW and the PW, and to perform RSRP prediction and reporting after the target SSB time slot corresponding to the predicted time instance;

[0305] The TE or NW records the channel state after the target SSB time slot and calculates the ground real RSRP corresponding to that moment.

[0306] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, when the UE performs RSRP reporting in the first information, the number of RSRP values ​​reported each time is K, where K is greater than or equal to 1;

[0307] Among them, the K predicted L3-RSRP values ​​include at least one of the following:

[0308] The L3-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the K prediction periods closest to the reporting time;

[0309] The prediction period corresponding to the K maximum predicted L3-RSRP values ​​between two reporting time windows; wherein, the UE needs to report the time corresponding to each of the K values.

[0310] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the TE or NW is configured to have a reporting period of at least K times the prediction period of the UE; the TE or NW is configured to have an offset of the reporting period that is less than the prediction period of the UE.

[0311] or

[0312] The TE or NW is configured to have a reporting period equal to the total time length of the OW and PW, wherein the total time length of the OW and PW is an integer multiple of the prediction period of the UE, and the time length of the PW is an integer multiple N of the prediction period of the UE, wherein N is greater than or equal to 1.

[0313] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the TE or NW configures the total time length of the OW and the PW to be an integer multiple of the prediction period of the UE, including:

[0314] The prediction period is an integer multiple of the UE measurement period. If the prediction period is less than the measurement period, the UE needs to report the prediction period.

[0315] When there is no discontinuous reception DRX, the measurement period of the UE is obtained according to the TE or NW configuration as follows:

[0316] TSSB_measurement_period_intra=max(200ms,M×Kp×TRS)×CSSFintra

[0317] Where Kp is a predefined parameter, CSSF is the same-frequency measurement scaling factor, M is the L1-RSRP value of M reference signals filtered in one measurement period, and TRS is the configured reference signal period;

[0318] The total length of the TE or NW, the OW and PW is an integer multiple of the prediction period.

[0319] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the TE or NW records the channel state at the time instance of the reference signal corresponding to the predicted L3-RSRP prediction period reported by the UE, and calculates the ground real RSRP corresponding to that time.

[0320] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the method further includes:

[0321] The TE or NW sends the first information to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

[0322] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the method further includes:

[0323] The TE or NW performs time alignment on the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE and the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW.

[0324] The channel state is a fading channel model, and the calculation of the ground real RSRP is based on the dynamic channel change calculation at the time instance.

[0325] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0326] The time alignment method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include the foregoing steps and at least one of the embodiments.

[0327] In some embodiments, other alternative implementations described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG12 may be referred to.

[0328] Figure 13 is a second schematic flowchart illustrating a time alignment method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0329] As shown in Figure 13, the method is applied to a UE, and the method includes:

[0330] User equipment (UE) receives first information configured for the UE by test equipment (TE) or network equipment (NW); wherein, the first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE to the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance;

[0331] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0332] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0333] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0334] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0335] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0336] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0337] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the configuration information of the time instance includes at least one of the following:

[0338] The first starting point, first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of the observation window OW are defined; wherein, the first starting point is the time starting point of the first OW, the first offset is the absolute time offset of the OW, and the second offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each OW and the predicted time of the UE.

[0339] The first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of OW;

[0340] The prediction window PW has a second starting point, a second period information, and a third offset; wherein the second starting point is the time starting point of the first PW; and the third offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each PW and the prediction time of the UE.

[0341] The second cycle information and the third offset of PW;

[0342] Transmission cycle and offset information for SSB and / or SMTC.

[0343] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the transmission period and offset information of the SSB are used for: the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the SSB transmission slot;

[0344] The transmission cycle information and offset of the SMTC are used by the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the transmission cycle and time offset of the SMTC.

[0345] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the method further includes:

[0346] Receive the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC sent to the UE by the TE or NW through RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling;

[0347] The UE determines the predicted time instance based on the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC, and based on the fourth offset pre-configured between the OW and the PW, and performs RSRP prediction and reporting after the target SSB time slot corresponding to the predicted time instance.

[0348] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, when the UE performs RSRP reporting, the number of RSRP values ​​reported each time is K, where K is greater than or equal to 1;

[0349] Among them, the K predicted L3-RSRP values ​​include at least one of the following:

[0350] The L3-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the K prediction periods closest to the reporting time;

[0351] The prediction period corresponding to the K maximum predicted L3-RSRP values ​​between two reporting time windows; wherein, the UE needs to report the time corresponding to each of the K values.

[0352] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the reporting period of the UE is configured to be K times the prediction period of the UE; and the offset of the reporting period is less than the prediction period of the UE.

[0353] or

[0354] The UE's reporting period is configured as the total time length of the OW and PW, and the total time length of the OW and PW is configured as an integer multiple of the UE's prediction period, and the time length of the PW is an integer multiple N of the UE's prediction period, where N is greater than or equal to 1.

[0355] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the total time length of the OW and the PW is configured to be an integer multiple of the prediction period of the UE, including:

[0356] The prediction period is configured to be an integer multiple of the measurement period. If the prediction period is less than the measurement period, the UE needs to report the prediction period.

[0357] When there is no discontinuous reception DRX, the measurement period of the UE is obtained according to the TE or NW configuration as follows: TSSB_measurement_period_intra = max(200ms, M×Kp×TRS)×CSSFintra

[0358] Where Kp is a predefined parameter, CSSF is the same-frequency measurement scaling factor; M is the L1-RSRP value of M reference signals filtered in one measurement cycle; T RS The period of the configured reference signal;

[0359] The total length of the OW and PW is configured to be an integer multiple of the prediction period.

[0360] Optionally, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the method further includes:

[0361] The UE receives the first information via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

[0362] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0363] The time alignment method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include the foregoing steps and at least one of the embodiments.

[0364] In some embodiments, other alternative implementations described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG13 may be referred to.

[0365] This disclosure also proposes an apparatus (also referred to as a communication device, etc.) for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0366] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0367] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0368] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of one of the structures of the TE or NW proposed in this embodiment of the present disclosure. The TE or NW is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 14, the TE or NW 1400 may include a configuration module 1401.

[0369] In some embodiments, the above configuration module 1401 is used to configure first information of user equipment (UE), the first information being used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0370] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0371] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0372] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0373] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0374] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0375] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0376] Optionally, the determination module 1401 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps performed by TE or NW in any of the above methods (e.g., steps 201, 301, 401, 701, 801, 1201, but not limited thereto), which will not be elaborated here.

[0377] In some embodiments, the configuration module may be interchanged with the processing module or the processor.

[0378] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a UE proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The UE is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 15, the UE 1500 may include a receiving module 1501.

[0379] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1501 is configured to receive first information configured for the UE by the test device TE or the network device NW; wherein, the first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE by the TE or NW with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance.

[0380] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0381] The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset;

[0382] Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction;

[0383] The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset;

[0384] The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting;

[0385] When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

[0386] Optionally, the receiving module 1501 is used to perform at least one of the transmit / receive steps (e.g., step 1301, but not limited thereto) performed by UE102 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0387] In some embodiments, the receiving module can be interchanged with the transceiver module or transceiver.

[0388] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal 1600 (e.g., a user equipment) proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The terminal 1600 may be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports network devices in implementing any of the above methods, or it may be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports a terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The terminal 1600 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0389] As shown in Figure 16, terminal 1600 includes one or more processors 1601. Processor 1601 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Terminal 1600 is used to execute any of the above methods.

[0390] In some embodiments, terminal 1600 further includes one or more memories 1602 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 1602 may be located outside of terminal 1600.

[0391] In some embodiments, the terminal 1600 further includes one or more transceivers 1604. When the terminal 1600 includes one or more transceivers 1604, the transceivers 1604 perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps 302, 402, 702, 802, 1301, but not limited thereto), and the processor 1601 performs at least one of other steps (e.g., steps 201, 301, 303, 401, 403, 701, 703, 803, 1201, but not limited thereto).

[0392] In some embodiments, a transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0393] In some embodiments, terminal 1600 may include one or more interface circuits 1603. Optionally, interface circuit 1603 is connected to memory 1602, and interface circuit 1603 can be used to receive signals from memory 1602 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to memory 1602 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 1603 can read instructions stored in memory 1602 and send the instructions to processor 1601.

[0394] The terminal 1600 described in the above embodiments may be a user equipment or other communication device, but the scope of the terminal 1600 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the terminal 1600 may not be limited by FIG16. The communication device may be an independent device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0395] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 1700 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where terminal 1600 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 1700 shown in Figure 17, but it is not limited thereto.

[0396] Chip 1700 includes one or more processors 1701, which are used to perform any of the above methods.

[0397] In some embodiments, chip 1700 further includes one or more 1703s. Optionally, interface circuitry 1703 is connected to memory 1702, and interface circuitry 1703 can be used to receive signals from memory 1702 or other devices, and interface circuitry 1703 can be used to send signals to memory 1702 or other devices. For example, interface circuitry 1703 can read instructions stored in memory 1702 and send the instructions to processor 1701.

[0398] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 1703 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps 302, 402, 702, 802, 1301, but not limited thereto), and the processor 1701 performs at least one of other steps (e.g., steps 201, 301, 303, 401, 403, 701, 703, 803, 1201, but not limited thereto).

[0399] In some embodiments, the terms interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, transceiver, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0400] In some embodiments, chip 1700 further includes one or more memories 1702 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 1702 may be located outside of chip 1700.

[0401] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on terminal 1600, cause terminal 1600 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0402] This disclosure also proposes a program product that, when executed by terminal 1600, causes terminal 1600 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0403] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. A time alignment method, characterized in that, include: The test equipment TE or network equipment NW configures the first information of the user equipment UE, which is used to: time-align the predicted layer 3 reference signal received power L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real reference signal received power RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance. The first information includes at least one of the following: The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset; Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction; The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset; The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting; When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

2. The time alignment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The configuration information of the time instance includes at least one of the following: The first starting point, first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of the observation window OW are defined; wherein, the first starting point is the time starting point of the first OW, the first offset is the absolute time offset of the OW, and the second offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each OW and the predicted time of the UE. The first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of OW; The prediction window PW has a second starting point, a second period information, and a third offset; wherein the second starting point is the time starting point of the first PW; and the third offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each PW and the prediction time of the UE. The second cycle information and the third offset of PW; Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) and / or SSB Measurement Timing Configuration SMTC transmission period and offset information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission period and offset information of the SSB are used by the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the SSB transmission slot; The transmission period and offset information of the SMTC are used by the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the transmission period and time offset of the SMTC.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The TE or NW sends the transmission period information of the SSB and / or SMTC to the UE via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling. The UE is instructed to determine the predicted time instance based on the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC, and based on the fourth offset pre-configured between the OW and the PW, and to perform RSRP prediction and reporting after the target SSB time slot corresponding to the predicted time instance; The TE or NW records the channel state after the target SSB time slot and calculates the ground real RSRP corresponding to that moment.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first information, when the UE performs RSRP reporting, the number of RSRP values ​​reported each time is K, where K is greater than or equal to 1; Among them, the K predicted L3-RSRP values ​​include at least one of the following: The L3-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the K prediction periods closest to the reporting time; The prediction period corresponding to the K maximum predicted L3-RSRP values ​​between two reporting time windows; wherein, the UE needs to report the time corresponding to each of the K values.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The TE or NW is configured to have a reporting period that is at least K times the UE's prediction period; the TE or NW is configured to have an offset of the reporting period that is less than the UE's prediction period. or The TE or NW is configured to have a reporting period equal to the total time length of OW and PW, wherein the total time length of OW and PW is an integer multiple of the prediction period of the UE, and the time length of PW is an integer multiple N of the prediction period of the UE, wherein N is greater than or equal to 1.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The TE or NW configures the total time length of the OW and PW to be an integer multiple of the UE's prediction period, including: The prediction period is an integer multiple of the UE measurement period. If the prediction period is less than the measurement period, the UE needs to report the prediction period. When there is no discontinuous reception DRX, the measurement period of the UE is obtained according to the TE or NW configuration as follows: TSSB_measurement_period_intra=max(200ms,M×Kp×TRS)×CSSFintra Where Kp is a predefined parameter, CSSF is the same-frequency measurement scaling factor; M is the L1-RSRP value of M reference signals filtered in one measurement cycle; T RS The period of the configured reference signal; The total length of the TE or NW, the OW and PW is an integer multiple of the prediction period.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The TE or NW records the channel state at the time instance of the reference signal corresponding to the predicted L3-RSRP prediction period reported by the UE, and calculates the ground real RSRP corresponding to that time.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The TE or NW sends the first information to the UE via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling and / or Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE) signaling.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The TE or NW performs time alignment on the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE and the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW. The channel state is a fading channel model, and the calculation of the ground real RSRP is based on the dynamic channel change calculation at the time instance.

11. A time alignment method, characterized in that, include: User equipment (UE) receives first information configured for the UE by test equipment (TE) or network equipment (NW); wherein, the first information is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE to the actual ground RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance; The first information includes at least one of the following: The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset; Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction; The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset; The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting; When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

12. The time alignment method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The configuration information of the time instance includes at least one of the following: The first starting point, first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of the observation window OW are defined; wherein, the first starting point is the time starting point of the first OW, the first offset is the absolute time offset of the OW, and the second offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each OW and the predicted time of the UE. The first cycle information, first offset, and second offset of OW; The prediction window PW has a second starting point, a second period information, and a third offset; wherein the second starting point is the time starting point of the first PW; and the third offset is the time interval between the time starting point of each PW and the prediction time of the UE. The second cycle information and the third offset of PW; Transmission cycle and offset information for SSB and / or SMTC.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The transmission period and offset information of the SSB are used by the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the SSB transmission slot; The transmission cycle information and offset of the SMTC are used by the TE or NW and the UE to calculate the predicted time instance based on the transmission cycle and time offset of the SMTC.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC sent to the UE by the TE or NW through RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling; The UE determines the predicted time instance based on the transmission cycle information of the SSB and / or SMTC, and based on the fourth offset pre-configured between the OW and the PW, and performs RSRP prediction and reporting after the target SSB time slot corresponding to the predicted time instance.

15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the UE performs RSRP reporting, the number of RSRP values ​​reported each time is K, where K is greater than or equal to 1; Among them, the K predicted L3-RSRP values ​​include at least one of the following: The L3-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the K prediction periods closest to the reporting time; The prediction period corresponding to the K maximum predicted L3-RSRP values ​​between two reporting time windows; wherein, the UE needs to report the time corresponding to each of the K values.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The UE's reporting period is configured to be K times the UE's prediction period; and the offset of the reporting period is less than the UE's prediction period. or The UE's reporting period is configured as the total time length of OW and PW, and the total time length of OW and PW is configured as an integer multiple of the UE's prediction period, and the time length of PW is an integer multiple N of the UE's prediction period, where N is greater than or equal to 1.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The total time length of the OW and the PW is configured to be an integer multiple of the prediction period of the UE, including: The prediction period is configured to be an integer multiple of the measurement period. If the prediction period is less than the measurement period, the UE needs to report the prediction period. When there is no discontinuous reception DRX, the measurement period of the UE is obtained according to the TE or NW configuration as follows: TSSB_measurement_period_intra=max(200ms,M×Kp×TRS)×CSSFintra Where Kp is a predefined parameter, CSSF is the same-frequency measurement scaling factor; M is the L1-RSRP value of M reference signals filtered in one measurement cycle; T RS The period of the configured reference signal; The total length of the OW and PW is configured to be an integer multiple of the prediction period.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, The method further includes: The UE receives the first information via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is used to perform the time alignment method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or claims 11 to 18.

20. A communication system, characterized in that, Including TE and UE, or NW and UE; Wherein, the TE or NW configures the UE’s first information, which is used to: time-align the predicted L3-RSRP reported by the UE with the ground real RSRP calculated by the TE or NW at the same time instance; The first information includes at least one of the following: The UE performs RSRP measurements on the reference signal period and / or offset; Configuration information of the time instance in which the UE performs RSRP prediction; The UE executes the RSRP prediction reporting period and offset; The number of RSRP values ​​reported each time the UE performs RSRP reporting; When the UE performs RSRP reporting, it needs to report the following information: RSRP value and the time corresponding to each RSRP value.

21. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the time alignment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or performs the time alignment method as described in any one of claims 11 to 18.

22. A program product comprising at least one of a program and instructions, characterized in that, When at least one of the programs or instructions is executed by the communication device, it implements the time alignment method of any one of claims 1 to 10, or the time alignment method of any one of claims 11 to 18.

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