Random access with improved efficiency
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/086028
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
Smart Images

Figure CN2025086028_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Random Access with Improved Efficiency
[0001] TECHNOLOGICAL FIELD
[0002] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to random access (RA) in the context of radio access networks (RANs) as defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards, such as the 5G standard also referred to as New Radio (NR) . More specifically, various example embodiments are related to, but not limited to, RA in connection with early data transmission (EDT) and / or non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . In particular, various non-limiting example embodiments pertain to the delivery of RA “Message 4” (Msg4) in the case of a contention-based (CB) “Message 3” (Msg3) transmission, i.e. a direct Msg3 transmission without “Message 1” (Msg1) and / or “Message 2” (Msg2) .BACKGROUND
[0003] Even though the present disclosure is not limited to the 5G standard, and may in particular relate to future 3GPP standards such as 6G etc., the following exemplifications use 5G as a reference, which is to be understood as a non-limiting example, though.
[0004] According to the present 5G standard, a user equipment (UE) may perform CB-RA by directly transmitting Msg3 without prior transmission of Msg1 and / or Msg2, for example in scenarios involving EDT and / or NTNs where expedited connection setup is desirable. In response to Msg3, the network may transmit Msg4 to confirm successful RA and transfer the device to radio resource control (RRC) connected state or RRC idle state. Msg4 may involve contention resolution for a potential case where multiple UEs send Msg3 to the network on the same physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . Furthermore, Msg4 may be distributed over several subunits of a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) , these subunits being referred to as MAC subPDUs.
[0005] SUMMARY OF SOME EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0006] However, there is a problem that according to the present 5G standard, the payload size for Msg4, in particular the payload size of MAC subPDUs for Msg4, is fixed in the case of CB-RA without Msg1 / Msg2. This may lead to inefficient delivery of Msg4, since for example in a case where the size of the payload is larger than necessary, padding has to be used to fill the excess space.
[0007] In view of the above, example embodiments of the present disclosure may have inter alia the effect of increasing the efficiency of Msg4 delivery, in particular in CB-RA scenarios without prior transmission of Msg1 and / or Msg2.
[0008] According to a first exemplary aspect, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus may be a user equipment (UE) . The apparatus may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory may store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following:
[0009] - obtaining header information of a random access data unit, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit;
[0010] - for at least one control element out of the two or more control elements, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit;
[0011] - based on whether the header information is indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, determining a format of the random access data unit.
[0012] The apparatus according to the first aspect may be a stationary device or a mobile device. In particular, the apparatus may be a mobile device, such as a smartphone, a tablet, a wearable, a smartwatch, a low power device, an IoT device, an IIoT device, a vehicle, a truck, a drone, an airplane, or the like. The apparatus may in particular be capable of communicating with (transmitting and receiving signals and / or data to / from) one or more other apparatuses. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus may in particular be capable of communicating with (transmitting and receiving signals and / or data to / from) at least one radio access node of a radio access network. Generally, the apparatus may also be any device enabled for communication with a communication network and / or another apparatus.
[0013] A radio access node may be understood as a network node used for providing radio access to one or more apparatuses such as one or mode UEs. As an example, the radio access node may be a wireless communication station installed at a fixed or mobile location and may in particular be or comprise an entity of a radio access network of a wireless communication system. For instance, the radio access node may be, comprise, or be part of a base station (BS) of a wireless communication network of any generation (e.g. a gNB, ng-eNB, eNodeB, NodeB, BTS or the like) of a 3GPP standard. Generally, the radio access node may be or comprise a hardware or software component implementing a certain functionality. In an example, the radio access node may be a location management function (LMF) . In an example, the radio access node may be an entity as defined by 3GPP 5G or NR standard (also referred to as gNB) . In another example, the radio access node may be an entity as defined by successors of the present 3GPP standards, such as 6G. Accordingly, while the radio access node may be understood to be implemented in or be a single device or module, the radio access node may also be implemented across or comprise multiple devices or modules. As such, the radio access node may in particular be implemented in or be a stationary device. Multiple radio access nodes may in particular establish a wireless communication system or network, which may in particular be a 5G or 6G system or any other wireless communications system defined by a past or future standard, in particular successors of the present 3GPP standards. The radio access node may be capable of being in direct and / or indirect communication with other radio access nodes or with an apparatus such as a user equipment. Furthermore, the radio access node may be associated with a respective cell, be associated with a respective physical cell identifier (PCI) , and / or be associated with a respective transmission and reception point (TRP) .
[0014] As used herein, a random access data unit may be understood as a data unit exchanged between an apparatus such as a user equipment (UE) and a radio access node in the context of a random access procedure. For example, the random access data unit may be a random access message, or may at least be part of a random access message. For example, the random access data unit may be transmitted from a radio access node to an apparatus such as a UE. For example, the random access data unit may be a random access data unit for contention resolution. For example, the random access data unit may be Msg4 or a part of Msg4.
[0015] As used herein, header information unit may be understood as a structured data field at the beginning of the random access data unit, i.e. a part of the random access data unit other than a payload of the random access data unit. The header information may contain control information and / or metadata for proper delivery and / or interpretation of the random access data unit, in particular of its payload. In example embodiments, the header information may be or correspond to a MAC subheader. In example embodiments, the header information may have a size of eight bits, i.e. one octet.
[0016] As used herein, a control element may be understood as a piece of information for controlling network operation and / or data transmission in a radio access network. In example embodiments, a control element may be understood as a filed, such as a data field. Non-limiting examples of control elements are a contention resolution identity (CR-ID) control element, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback resource control element, a timing advance (TA) control element, or a cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) control element. A CR-ID control element may be understood as a control element for resolving contention among multiple apparatuses such as UEs in a contention-based random access procedure where multiple apparatuses may transmit their RA preambles simultaneously, thus ensuring that a specific apparatus can be uniquely identified and addressed for subsequent communication steps. A HARQ feedback resource control element may be understood as a control element for informing an apparatus such as a UE about specific resource elements and transmission parameters which the apparatus should use when sending HARQ-ACK (HARQ acknowledged) and / or HARQ-NACK (HARQ not acknowledged) signals back to a radio access node. A timing advance control element may be understood as a control element for defining a timing advance which an apparatus such as a UE should apply for uplink transmissions to ensure proper synchronization with a radio access node. A C-RNTI control element may be understood as a control element related to the C-RNTI, wherein a C-RNTI may be understood as a temporary unique identifier assigned by the network to an apparatus such as a UE for a duration of its radio connection with a specific cell within the network. Any control element described herein may be a respective MAC control element.
[0017] As used herein, a presence of a control element in the random access data unit may be understood such that the random access data unit comprises the respective control element. For example, a payload of the random access data unit may comprise the respective control element.
[0018] As used herein, a format of the random access data unit may be understood as a specific way of structuring and / or arranging data within the random access data unit. For example, a format of the random access data unit may define which data blocks are contained in the random access data unit, and in which order these data blocks are arranged. In this context, a control element is an example of a data bock.
[0019] According to the first exemplary aspect, the apparatus may obtain header information of a random access data unit, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit. As used herein, obtaining header information may be understood as any conceivable way in which the apparatus acquires or receives (passively or actively) the header information. In example embodiments, the header information may be indicative of three or more control elements for the apparatus. In example embodiments, the header information may be indicative of four or more control elements for the apparatus. In example embodiments, the header information may be indicative of five or more control elements for the apparatus.
[0020] Furthermore, according to the first exemplary aspect, for at least one control element out of the two or more control elements, the apparatus may determine whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit may comprise determining that the header information is and / or is not indicative of the respective presence. In example embodiments, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence may be performed for two out of two, two out of three, three out of three, two out of four, three out of four, four out of four, two out of five, three out of five, four out of five, or five out of five control elements, the presence of which is respectively indicated by the header information. In example embodiments, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence may be performed for all but three, all but two, all but one, or all of the two or more control elements, the presence of which is respectively indicated by the header information.
[0021] Furthermore, according to the first exemplary aspect, based on whether the header information is indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, the apparatus may determine a format of the random access data unit. In example embodiments, a format of the random access data unit may be determined in response to determining that the header information is and / or is not indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, ‘determining’ a format of the random access data unit may be understood as specifying and / or recognising the format of the random access data unit.
[0022] By the apparatus obtaining header information of a random access data unit, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, and determining a format of the random access data unit, it may be achieved that the random access data unit is delivered more efficiently. More specifically, a scenario where Msg4 is delivered as the random access data unit, and where different control elements are to be included in Msg4 depending on respective use cases, can be considered as an example. Here, by indicating the respective presence of the at least one control element to the apparatus and thus enabling the apparatus to determine a format of the Msg4, a suitable format which does not contain (significantly) more space than necessary for accommodating the required control elements can be used. In other words, the format can be variable depending on the control elements to be included in Msg4. Therefore, the occurrence of cases where the size of the payload is larger than necessary, and where padding has to be used to fill the excess space, is reduced. This applies in particular to CB-RA scenarios without prior transmission of Msg1 and / or Msg2, where different control elements are to be included in CB-Msg4 depending on a specific use case. Beyond that, since an overall size reduction may be achieved by using a variable format compared to a fixed format, a more robust Msg4 may also be transmitted using less resources.
[0023] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may comprise a contention resolution identity control element. Thereby, it may be achieved that contention resolution is performed, i.e. that the apparatus can be uniquely identified and addressed for subsequent communication steps. The contention resolution identity control element may be a contention resolution identity control element for the apparatus.
[0024] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the header information may be respectively indicative of whether or not one or more of the following control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit:
[0025] - a C-RNTI control element;
[0026] - a timing advance control element;
[0027] - a HARQ feedback resource control element.
[0028] The C-RNTI control element may be a C-RNTI control element for the apparatus. The timing advance control element may be a timing advance control element for the apparatus. The HARQ feedback resource control element may be a HARQ feedback resource control element for the apparatus. In example embodiments, the header information may be respectively indicative of whether or not two of the C-RNTI control element, the timing advance control element and the HARQ feedback resource control element are present in the random access data unit. For example, the header information may be respectively indicative of whether or not the C-RNTI CE and the TA CE are present in the random access data unit. For example, the header information may be respectively indicative of whether or not the C-RNTI CE and the HARQ feedback resource CE are present in the random access data unit. For example, the header information may be respectively indicative of whether or not the TA CE and the HARQ feedback resource CE are present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may be respectively indicative of whether or not three (e.g. all three) of the C-RNTI control element, the timing advance control element and the HARQ feedback resource control element are present in the random access data unit. In other words, the header information may respectively be indicative of whether or not a C-RNTI control element, a timing advance control element and a HARQ feedback resource control element are present in the random access data unit. In certain scenarios, a C-RNTI control element, a timing advance control element and a HARQ feedback resource control element are to be included in Msg4 only in certain use cases. Thus, by indicating the respective presence of these control elements to the apparatus, a suitable Msg4 format can be used, and Msg4 can be delivered more efficiently.
[0029] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the header information may be not indicative of whether or not a contention resolution identity control element is present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may be not explicitly indicative of whether or not a contention resolution identity control element is present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may be implicitly indicative of whether or not a contention resolution identity control element is present in the random access data unit. In certain scenarios, e.g. if the random access data unit is a random access data unit for contention resolution, the random access data unit may typically (e.g. always) comprise a contention resolution identity control element, so that it may not be necessary to explicitly indicate its presence by means of the header information, e.g. by a respective 1-bit identifier. In example embodiments, the apparatus may thus understand (e.g. determine) that a contention resolution identity control element is present based (e.g. merely) on the presence of the header information.
[0030] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may constitute a part of a random access message which comprises the random access data unit and one or more further random access data units. Thereby, it may be achieved that the random access message is transmitted in a more reliable and efficient way. In example embodiments, the part of the random access message may constitute a subunit of a protocol data unit, e.g. a MAC subPDU.
[0031] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may target the apparatus. In example embodiments, at least one of the one or more further random access data units may respectively target at least one further apparatus. Thereby, it may be achieved that the random access message is transmitted with improved resource allocation, improved security and / or enhanced reliability.
[0032] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, at least one of the one or more further random access data units may comprise at least one contention resolution identity control element. Thereby, it may be achieved that contention resolution is performed also for the at least one further apparatus, i.e. that the at least one further apparatus can be uniquely identified and addressed for subsequent communication steps. The at least one contention resolution identity control element may be at least one contention resolution identity control element for the at least one further apparatus.
[0033] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, at least one of the one or more further random access data units may comprise at least one radio resource control message. Thereby, it may be achieved that radio resource control (RRC) configuration is performed for the apparatus (e.g. in a case where the at least one of the one or more further random access data units targets the apparatus) and / or for the at least one further apparatus (at least one of the one or more further random access data units targets the at least one further apparatus) . The at least one RRC message may be respectively included in at least one MAC SDU. The at least one MAC SDU may respectively constitute or be included in at least one subunit of a protocol data unit, e.g. at least one MAC subPDU.
[0034] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may constitute a subunit of a protocol data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may further be indicative of the following:
[0035] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit.
[0036] Thereby, it may be achieved that the presence of the at least one further subunit is indicated to the apparatus. The subunit of the protocol data unit may be a MAC subPDU. The service data unit may be a MAC SDU. The at least one further subunit being a subunit other than a service data unit may be a subunit which comprises a contention resolution identity control element.
[0037] Additionally or alternatively, the header information may further be indicative of the following:
[0038] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.
[0039] Thereby, it may be achieved that the presence of the at least one further subunit is indicated to the apparatus. The subunit of the protocol data unit may be a MAC subPDU. The service data unit may be a MAC SDU. The at least one further subunit being a service data unit may be a subunit which comprises radio resource control message.
[0040] As used herein, the random access data unit being followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit may generally be understood such that the at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit directly or indirectly follows the random access data unit. In other words, other subunits of the protocol data unit may be present between the random access data unit and the at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit. In specific example embodiments however, the random access data unit being followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit may be understood such that the at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit only directly follows the random access data unit. In other words, the presence of other subunits of the protocol data unit between the random access data unit and the at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit may be excluded.
[0041] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the header information may comprise at least one separate indicator information. In example embodiments, the at least one separate indicator information may respectively be indicative of only one of the following:
[0042] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;
[0043] - whether or not a C-RNTI control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0044] - whether or not a timing advance control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0045] - whether or not a HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0046] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.
[0047] As used herein, a separate indicator information may be understood as a piece of indicator information which is only indicative of one of the above-listed items. For example, the separate indicator information may be a 1-bit identifier which is indicative of exactly one of the above-listed items. Such a 1-bit identifier may also be referred to as a flag. In example embodiments, the header information may comprise at least one of such pieces of separate indicator information, for example one, two, three, four or five pieces of indicator information. In example embodiments, the header information may comprise separate indicator information indicative of whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may comprise separate indicator information indicative of whether or not a C-RNTI control element is present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may comprise separate indicator information indicative of whether or not a timing advance control element is present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may comprise separate indicator information indicative of whether or not a HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may comprise separate indicator information indicative of whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit. Any combination of the mentioned pieces of separate indicator information is possible. In particular, a combination of all of the mentioned pieces of separate indicator information is possible. By respective pieces of separate indicator information, it may be achieved that the header information is indicative of the above-listed items in a very simple way.
[0048] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the header information may comprise common indicator information. In example embodiments, the common indicator information may be indicative of two or more of the following:
[0049] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;
[0050] - whether or not a C-RNTI control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0051] - whether or not a timing advance control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0052] - whether or not a HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0053] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.
[0054] As used herein, a common indicator information may be understood as a piece of indicator information which is indicative of two or more of the above-listed items. For example, the common indicator information may be an n-bit identifier which is indicative of n of the above-listed items, n being a number between 2 and 5. In this context, any combination of the above-listed items being indicated by a common identifier is possible. In particular, if the above-listed items are referred to as “E” , “C” , “T” , “H” and “S” in their order of appearance, a common identifier for C and S, for C, H and S, for C, T and H, or for C, T, H and S is possible. In example embodiments, one or more of the above-listed items which are not indicated by common indicator information may be indicated by a respective separate indicator information.
[0055] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the format of the random access data unit may be one of the following:
[0056] - a first format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the first format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element;
[0057] - a second format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the second format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element and a timing advance control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a C-RNTI control element;
[0058] - a third format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the third format comprises a contention resolution identity control element and a HARQ feedback resource control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element;
[0059] - a fourth format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the fourth format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element.
[0060] As used herein, a format may be understood as a format of a random access data unit. In example embodiments, respective formats of the payload of the random access data unit may be defined, too. For example, if a payload of a random access data unit having the first format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element, a respective first format of the payload may be defined such that a payload having the first format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element. This applies analogously also to the second, third and fourth format. By using a format of the random access data unit (or of the respective payload) which does not contain (significantly) more space than necessary for accommodating the above control elements, the occurrence of cases where the size of the payload is larger than necessary, and where padding has to be used to fill the excess space, may be reduced. Thus, efficiency of data delivery may be increased.
[0061] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the header information may respectively be indicative of whether or not a C-RNTI control element, a timing advance control element and a HARQ feedback resource control element are present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the control elements in the random access data unit and determining a format of the random access data unit comprise:
[0062] - determining whether the header information is indicative of a presence of the HARQ feedback resource control element in the random access data unit;
[0063] - in response to determining that the header information is not indicative of the presence of the HARQ feedback resource control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the fourth format;
[0064] - in response to determining that the header information is indicative of the presence of the HARQ feedback resource control element in the random access data unit:
[0065] - determining whether the header information is indicative of a presence of the timing advance control element in the random access data unit;
[0066] - in response to determining that the header information is not indicative of the presence of the timing advance control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the third format;
[0067] - in response to determining that the header information is indicative of the presence of the timing advance control element in the random access data unit:
[0068] - determining whether the header information is indicative of a presence of the C-RNTI control element in the random access data unit;
[0069] - in response to determining that the header information is not indicative of the presence of the C-RNTI control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the second format;
[0070] - in response to determining that the header information is indicative of the presence of the C-RNTI control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the first format.
[0071] Thereby, it may be achieved that determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the control elements in the random access data unit and determining a format of the random access data unit is performed in a particularly efficient way.
[0072] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:
[0073] - determining whether the header information is indicative of the random access data unit being followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;
[0074] Thereby, it may be achieved that the presence of the at least one further subunit is determined by the apparatus. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:
[0075] - determining whether the header information is indicative of the random access data unit being followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.
[0076] Thereby, it may be achieved that the presence of the at least one further subunit is determined by the apparatus. In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:
[0077] - transmitting a random access request data unit to a radio access node.
[0078] For example, the random access request data unit may be Msg3, or may at least be a part of Msg3. For example, the random access request data unit may be CB-Msg3. By the apparatus transmitting a random access request data unit to a radio access node, it may be achieved that a transmission of the random access data unit from the radio access node back to the apparatus is caused.
[0079] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:
[0080] - receiving the random access data unit from the radio access node, the random access data unit comprising the header information.
[0081] Thereby, it may be achieved that the header information is obtained by the apparatus.
[0082] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:
[0083] - identifying the header information in the random access data unit.
[0084] Thereby, it may be achieved that the apparatus is enabled to determine whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit.
[0085] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:
[0086] - based on determining the format of the random access data unit, decoding the random access data unit.
[0087] Thereby, it may be achieved that the apparatus is enabled to read the random access data unit and to obtain the information contained in one or more control elements included in the random access data unit.
[0088] In example embodiments of the first exemplary aspect, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:
[0089] - determining a HARQ feedback resource based on a HARQ feedback resource control element included in the random access data unit and a HARQ feedback resource index included in a downlink control information scheduling the random access data unit.
[0090] In example embodiments, the HARQ feedback resource index may be indicative of whether or not the HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit. In example embodiments, the HARQ feedback resource control element included in the random access data unit may indicate an absolute resource location. In example embodiments, the HARQ feedback resource control element included in the random access data unit may indicate an offset with respect to a resource index indicated by the DCI. For example, the resource index indicated by the DCI may be “resource_index_DCI” . If the sum of resource_index_DCI and the offset is larger than a maximum available resource index RI_max, the apparatus may use the resource index equal to (resource_index_DCI + offset) mod RI_max. By determining a HARQ feedback resource based on a HARQ feedback resource control element included in the random access data unit and a HARQ feedback resource index included in a downlink control information scheduling the random access data unit, it may be achieved that the HARQ feedback resource is determined efficiently by the apparatus.
[0091] According to the first exemplary aspect, a respective method is disclosed, too. The method according to the first exemplary aspect may be performed by an apparatus. The apparatus may be a user equipment. The method may comprise at least the following:
[0092] - obtaining header information of a random access data unit, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit;
[0093] - for at least one control element out of the two or more control elements, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit;
[0094] - based on whether the header information is indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, determining a format of the random access data unit.
[0095] Within the first exemplary aspect, the disclosure of any instruction that, when executed by the at least one processor of the apparatus, causes the apparatus to perform an action shall also be considered as a disclosure of a respective action of the method. Furthermore, the disclosure of any example or example embodiment of the apparatus shall also be considered as a respective example or example embodiment of the method.
[0096] According to the first exemplary aspect, a respective apparatus comprising means for performing a method according to the first exemplary aspect is disclosed, too. The apparatus may be a user equipment. Within the first exemplary aspect, the disclosure of any method action shall also be considered as a disclosure of means for performing the respective method action. Likewise, the disclosure of any means for performing a method action shall also be considered as a disclosure of the method action itself. In example embodiments, the means for performing a method according to the first exemplary aspect may be means for causing the apparatus to perform a method according to the first exemplary aspect.
[0097] The means of the apparatus for performing a method according to the first exemplary aspect can be implemented in hardware and / or software. They may comprise one or more modules or units providing the respective functionality. They may for instance comprise at least one processor for executing computer program code for performing the required functions, at least one memory storing the program code, or both. Alternatively, the means may for instance comprise circuitry that is configured to perform the required functions. For example, the circuitry may be implemented in a chipset or a chip, like an integrated circuit. In general, the means may comprise for instance one or more processing means or processors.
[0098] According to the first exemplary aspect, a respective computer-readable medium is disclosed, too. The computer-readable medium may be non-transitory. The computer-readable medium according to the first exemplary aspect may comprise instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least a method according to the first exemplary aspect. The apparatus may be a user equipment.
[0099] The computer-readable medium according to the first exemplary aspect could for example be a disk or a memory or the like. The instructions could be stored in the computer-readable medium in the form of instructions encoding the computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may be intended for taking part in the operation of a device, like an internal or external memory, for instance a read-only memory (ROM) or hard disk of a computer, or be intended for distribution of the program, like an optical disc.
[0100] According to the first exemplary aspect, a respective computer program is disclosed, too. The computer program according to the first exemplary aspect may comprise instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least perform a method according to the first exemplary aspect. The apparatus may be a user equipment.
[0101] The computer program according to the first exemplary aspect may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, in particular a tangible and / or non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. In particular, the computer program according to the first exemplary aspect may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium according to the first exemplary aspect.
[0102] According to the first exemplary aspect, a respective computer program product is disclosed, too. The computer program product according to the first exemplary aspect may comprise instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform a method according to the first exemplary aspect.
[0103] According to a second exemplary aspect, a radio access node of a radio access network is disclosed. The radio access node may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory may store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the radio access node to perform at least the following:
[0104] - transmitting a random access data unit to an apparatus, the random access data unit comprising header information, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit.
[0105] Thereby, it may be achieved that the random access data unit is delivered more efficiently, as already explained in the context of the first exemplary aspect.
[0106] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may comprise a contention resolution identity control element. In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0107] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the header information may be respectively indicative of whether or not one or more of the following control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit:
[0108] - a C-RNTI control element;
[0109] - a timing advance control element;
[0110] - a HARQ feedback resource control element.
[0111] In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0112] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the header information may be not indicative of whether or not a contention resolution identity control element is present in the random access data unit. In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0113] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may constitute a part of a random access message which comprises the random access data unit and one or more further random access data units. In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0114] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may target the apparatus. In example embodiments, at least one of the one or more further random access data units may respectively target at least one further apparatus. In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0115] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, at least one of the one or more further random access data units may comprise at least one contention resolution identity control element. In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0116] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, at least one of the one or more further random access data units may comprise at least one radio resource control message. In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0117] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the random access data unit may constitute a subunit of a protocol data unit. In example embodiments, the header information may further be indicative of the following:
[0118] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit.
[0119] Additionally or alternatively, the header information may further be indicative of the following:
[0120] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.
[0121] In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0122] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the header information may comprise at least one separate indicator information. In example embodiments, the at least one separate indicator information may respectively be indicative of only one of the following:
[0123] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;
[0124] - whether or not a C-RNTI control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0125] - whether or not a timing advance control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0126] - whether or not a HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0127] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.
[0128] In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0129] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the header information may comprise common indicator information. In example embodiments, the common indicator information may be indicative of two or more of the following:
[0130] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;
[0131] - whether or not a C-RNTI control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0132] - whether or not a timing advance control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0133] - whether or not a HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit;
[0134] - whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.
[0135] In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0136] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, a format of the random access data unit may be one of the following:
[0137] - a first format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the first format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element;
[0138] - a second format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the second format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element and a timing advance control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a C-RNTI control element;
[0139] - a third format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the third format comprises a contention resolution identity control element and a HARQ feedback resource control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element;
[0140] - a fourth format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the fourth format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element.
[0141] In this regard, reference is made to the first exemplary aspect.
[0142] In example embodiments of the second exemplary aspect, the at least one memory may further store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the radio access node to perform the following:
[0143] - receiving a random access request data unit from the apparatus.
[0144] Thereby, it may be achieved that the transmission of the random access data unit to the apparatus is caused, as already explained in the context of the first exemplary aspect.
[0145] According to the second exemplary aspect, a respective method is disclosed, too. The method according to the second exemplary aspect may be performed by a radio access node of a radio access network. The method may comprise at least the following:
[0146] - transmitting a random access data unit to an apparatus, the random access data unit comprising header information, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit.
[0147] Within the second exemplary aspect, the disclosure of any instruction that, when executed by the at least one processor of the radio access node, causes the radio access node to perform an action shall also be considered as a disclosure of a respective action of the method. Furthermore, the disclosure of any example or example embodiment of the radio access node shall also be considered as a respective example or example embodiment of the method.
[0148] According to the second exemplary aspect, a respective apparatus comprising means for performing a method according to the second exemplary aspect is disclosed, too. The apparatus may be a radio access node of a radio access network. Within the second exemplary aspect, the disclosure of any method action shall also be considered as a disclosure of means for performing the respective method action. Likewise, the disclosure of any means for performing a method action shall also be considered as a disclosure of the method action itself. Furthermore, the means for performing a method according to the second exemplary aspect may be means for causing the apparatus to perform a method according to the second exemplary aspect.
[0149] The means of the apparatus for performing a method according to the second exemplary aspect can be implemented in hardware and / or software. They may comprise one or more modules or units providing the respective functionality. They may for instance comprise at least one processor for executing computer program code for performing the required functions, at least one memory storing the program code, or both. Alternatively, the means may for instance comprise circuitry that is configured to perform the required functions. For example, the circuitry may be implemented in a chipset or a chip, like an integrated circuit. In general, the means may comprise for instance one or more processing means or processors.
[0150] According to the second exemplary aspect, a respective computer-readable medium is disclosed, too. The computer-readable medium may be non-transitory. The computer-readable medium according to the second exemplary aspect may comprise instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least a method according to the second exemplary aspect. The apparatus may be a radio access node of a radio access network.
[0151] The computer-readable medium according to the second exemplary aspect could for example be a disk or a memory or the like. The instructions could be stored in the computer-readable medium in the form of instructions encoding the computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may be intended for taking part in the operation of a device, like an internal or external memory, for instance a read-only memory (ROM) or hard disk of a computer, or be intended for distribution of the program, like an optical disc.
[0152] According to the second exemplary aspect, a respective computer program is disclosed, too. The computer program according to the second exemplary aspect may comprise instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least perform a method according to the second exemplary aspect. The apparatus may be a radio access node of a radio access network.
[0153] The computer program according to the second exemplary aspect may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, in particular a tangible and / or non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. In particular, the computer program according to the second exemplary aspect may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium according to the second exemplary aspect.
[0154] According to the second exemplary aspect, a respective computer program product is disclosed, too. The computer program product according to the second exemplary aspect may comprise instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform a method according to the second exemplary aspect.
[0155] As far as applicable, the disclosure of any step of the method according to the first exemplary aspect shall also be considered as a disclosure of a corresponding step of the method according to the second exemplary aspect. Furthermore, the disclosure of any example or example embodiment of the first exemplary aspect shall also be considered as a respective example or example embodiment of the second exemplary aspect, as far as applicable.
[0156] It is to be understood that the presentation of the embodiments disclosed herein is merely by way of examples and non-limiting.
[0157] Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are designed solely for purposes of illustration and not as a definition of the limits of the present disclosure, for which reference should be made to the appended claims. It should be further understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale and that they are merely intended to conceptually illustrate the structures and procedures described herein.
[0158] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0159] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
[0160] FIG. 1 shows, in a flow chart, an example embodiment of a method according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure;
[0161] FIGs. 2a to 2e show various examples of header information according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect;
[0162] FIGs. 3a to 3d show exemplary formats of a payload of a random access data unit according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect;
[0163] FIG. 4 shows, in a process flow chart, another example embodiment of a method according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure;
[0164] FIG. 5 shows an example of a MAC PDU for a contention-based Msg4 without prior transmission of Msg1 and / or Msg2;
[0165] FIG. 6 shows, in a schematic block diagram, an example embodiment of an apparatus according to the first exemplary aspect of the present disclosure; and
[0166] FIG. 7 shows, in a schematic illustration, examples of tangible and non-transitory computer-readable storage media;
[0167] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0168] The following description serves to deepen the understanding of the present disclosure and shall be understood to complement and be read together with the description of example embodiments of the present disclosure as provided in the above SUMMARY section of this specification. While the examples below may use 5G as a reference, this is to be considered (e.g. only) as a non-limiting example, and any next generation systems or standards above and beyond 5G are also considered.
[0169] Turning now to FIG. 1, a flow chart of an example embodiment of a method according to the first exemplary aspect is shown. The method 100 is performed by an apparatus. In this non-limiting example, the apparatus is a UE.
[0170] Within action 110, UE obtains header information of a random access data unit, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not one or more control elements are present in the random access data unit.
[0171] Within action 120, for at least one control element out of the one or more control elements, UE determines whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit.
[0172] Within action 130, based on whether the header information is indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, UE determines a format of the random access data unit.
[0173] By the method 100, it may be achieved that the random access data unit is delivered more efficiently. More specifically, it may be achieved that the occurrence of cases where the size of a payload of the random access data unit is larger than necessary, and where padding has to be used to fill excess space, is reduced.
[0174] Turning now to FIGs. 2a to 2e, various examples of header information according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect are shown. As a non-limiting example, a scenario in which Msg4 for CB-RA may be delivered without prior transmission of Msg1 and / or Msg2 is assumed in the context of FIGs. 2a to 2e. Furthermore, it is assumed that Msg4 may be distributed over several MAC subPDUs, that the superordinate MAC PDU corresponding to the overall Msg4 has a MAC header, and that the MAC subPDUs have respective MAC subheaders. In addition, Msg4 may comprise different parts, wherein every part constitutes an individual MAC subPDU. Parts of a first type may comprise a contention resolution identity MAC CE and may be referred to as “successMsg4” . Parts of a second type may be MAC SDUs and may comprise an RRC message. Both parts of the first type and parts of the second type may target different UEs.
[0175] In such a scenario, the MAC subheader of a successMsg4 is an example of header information according to the first and / or second aspect, and the successMsg4 is an example of a random access data unit. FIGs. 2a to 2e now show various examples of how the header information may be structured in this specific exemplary scenario. In the examples of FIGs. 2a to 2e, the header information has a length of eight bits, i.e. one octet.
[0176] In FIG. 2a, the first five bits 211, 212, 213, 214 and 215 of the MAC subheader 210 are individual indicator fields, i.e. 1-bit flags, referred to as “E” , “C” , “T” , “H” and “S” . As such, the respective individual indicator fields are examples of separate indicator information according to the first and / or second aspect. The E field (E denoting “extension” ) corresponding to bit 211 is a flag indicating whether or not a MAC subPDU including the respective MAC subheader 210 is the last MAC subPDU –other than MAC subPDU for MAC SDU –in the MAC PDU. The E field allows to accommodate multiple UE’s successMsg4 MAC subPDU into the same MAC PDU for CB-Msg4. The E field is set to 1 to indicate that at least one further MAC subPDU –other than MAC subPDU for MAC SDU –follows. The E field is set to 0 to indicate that the MAC subPDU including this MAC subheader is the last MAC subPDU –other than MAC subPDU for MAC SDU –in the MAC PDU.
[0177] The C field (C denoting C-RNTI) corresponding to bit 212 is a flag indicating whether or not a C-RNTI MAC CE is present in the successMsg4 which includes the respective MAC subheader 210. A value of 1 indicates a respective presence, while a value of 0 means no presence, or vice versa.
[0178] The T field (T denoting timing advance) corresponding to bit 213 is a flag indicating whether or not a timing advance MAC CE is present in the successMsg4 which includes the respective MAC subheader 210. Again, a value of 1 indicates a respective presence, while a value of 0 means no presence, or vice versa.
[0179] The H field (H denoting HARQ feedback resource) corresponding to bit 214 is a flag indicating whether or not a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE is present in the successMsg4 which includes the respective MAC subheader 210. Again, a value of 1 indicates a respective presence, while a value of 0 means no presence, or vice versa.
[0180] The S field (Sdenoting SDU) corresponding to bit 215 indicates whether or not one or more MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU follow a MAC subPDU including the respective MAC subheader 210. The S field is set to 1 to indicate the presence of one or more MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU. The S field is set to 0 to indicate the absence of MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU. This field allows to indicate the presence of a MAC SDU comprising an RRC message.
[0181] The last three bits 216, 217 and 218 of the MAC subheader 210 in FIG. 2a, which are referred to as “R” (R denoting reserved) , are reserved bits set to 0.
[0182] In the example of FIG. 2a, the MAC subheader 210 comprises only individual indicator fields, i.e. 1-bit flags. Thereby, it may be achieved that it is explicitly indicated whether or not a C-RNTI MAC CE, timing advance MAC CE and / or HARQ feedback resource MAC CE is present in the successMsg4, or whether or not further MAC subPDUs follow a MAC subPDU including the respective MAC subheader 210.
[0183] FIG. 2b shows another example of how the header information may be structured. As can be seen, the first bit 221 of the MAC subheader 220 is an E field, which is the same as already explained in the context of FIG. 2a. However, the second and third bits 222, 223 constitute a joint “C / S” field having a size of two bits. This C / Sfield is an example of common indicator information according to the first and / or second aspect. More specifically, the C / Sfield comprises four codepoints 00, 01, 10 and 11 which indicate the following combinations: The codepoint 00 indicates that (i) no C-RNTI MAC CE is present in the successMsg4 and (ii) no MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU follow a MAC subPDU including the respective MAC subheader 220. The codepoint 01 indicates that (i) no C-RNTI MAC CE is present in the successMsg4 and (ii) one or more MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU follow a MAC subPDU including the respective MAC subheader 220. The codepoint 10 indicates that (i) a C-RNTI MAC CE is present in the successMsg4 and (ii) no MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU follow a MAC subPDU including the respective MAC subheader 220. The codepoint 11 indicates that (i) a C-RNTI MAC CE is present in the successMsg4 and (ii) one or more MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU follow a MAC subPDU including the respective MAC subheader 220. Other mappings of codepoint combinations to presence of certain control elements are possible as well, the above representing merely some non-limiting examples.
[0184] In the example of FIG. 2b, it is assumed that the presence of a timing advance MAC CE and a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE in the successMsg4 is indicated to the UE in another way. For example, the presence of one or both of these CEs may be indicated by a DCI scheduling the Msg4. The last five bits 224, 225, 226, 227 and 228 of the MAC subheader 220 are reserved bits set to 0.
[0185] FIG. 2c shows another example of how the header information may be structured. As can be seen, the first bit 231 of the MAC subheader 410 is an E field, which is the same as already explained in the context of FIG. 2a. The second, third and fourth bits 232, 233 and 234 now constitute a joint “C / H / S” field having the size of three bits. This C / H / Sfield is another example of common indicator information. It comprises eight codepoints 000, 001, 010, 100, 011, 101, 110 and 111 which indicate the presence of a C-RNTI MAC CE and one or more subsequent MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU as explained above in the context of FIG. 2b, and which furthermore indicate the presence of a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE in an analogous way.
[0186] In the example of FIG. 2c, it is assumed that the presence of a timing advance MAC CE in the successMsg4 is indicated to the UE in another way, for example, by a DCI scheduling the Msg4. The last four bits 235, 236, 237 and 238 of the MAC subheader 230 are again reserved bits set to 0.
[0187] FIG. 2d shows another example of how the header information may be structured. As can be seen, the first bit 241 of the MAC subheader 240 is an E field, which is the same as already explained in the context of FIG. 2a. The second, third and fourth bits 242, 243 and 244 now constitute a joint “C / T / H” field having the size of three bits. This C / T / H field is another example of common indicator information. It comprises eight codepoints 000, 001, 010, 100, 011, 101, 110 and 111 which may indicate the following combinations: The codepoint 000 indicates that none of C-RNTI MAC CE, timing advance MAC CE and HARQ feedback resource MAC CE are present in the successMsg4. The codepoint 001 indicates presence of HARQ feedback resource MAC CE and absence of both C-RNTI MAC CE and timing advance MAC CE. The codepoint 010 indicates presence of timing advance MAC CE and absence of both C-RNTI MAC CE and HARQ feedback resource MAC CE. The codepoint 100 indicates presence of C-RNTI MAC CE and absence of both timing advance MAC CE and HARQ feedback resource MAC CE. The codepoint 011 indicates presence of both timing advance MAC CE and HARQ feedback resource MAC CE and absence of C-RNTI MAC CE. The codepoint 101 indicates presence of both C-RNTI MAC CE and HARQ feedback resource MAC CE and absence of timing advance MAC CE. The codepoint 110 indicates presence of both C-RNTI MAC CE and timing advance MAC CE and absence of HARQ feedback resource MAC CE. The codepoint 111 indicates that C-RNTI MAC CE, timing advance MAC CE and HARQ feedback resource MAC CE are all present. Other mappings of codepoint combinations to presence of certain control elements are possible as well, the above representing merely some non-limiting examples
[0188] Furthermore, the fifth bit 245 of the MAC subheader 240 is an S field, which is also the same as already explained in the context of FIG. 2a. The last three bits 246, 247 and 248 are once again reserved bits set to 0.
[0189] FIG. 2e shows another example of how the header information may be structured. As can be seen, the first bit 251 of the MAC subheader 250 is an E field, which is the same as already explained in the context of FIG. 2a. The second, third, fourth and fifth bits 252, 253, 254 and 255 now constitute a joint “C / T / H / S” field having the size of four bits. This C / T / H / Sfield is another example of common indicator information. It comprises sixteen codepoints 0000, 0001, 0010, 0100, 1000, 0011, 0101, 1001, 0110, 1010, 1100, 0111, 1011, 1101, 1110 and 1111 which indicate the presence of a C-RNTI MAC CE and one or more subsequent MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU as explained above in the context of FIG. 2b, and which furthermore indicate the presence of both a timing advance MAC CE and a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE in an analogous way. The last three bits 256, 257 and 258 are once again reserved bits set to 0.
[0190] The example embodiments shown in FIGs. 2a to 2e are to be understood as non-limiting examples. In particular, the principles illustrated by FIGs. 2a to 2e with respect to C-RNTI CE, TA CE and HARQ feedback resource CE are also applicable in cases where Msg4 is not distributed over several MAC subPDUs.
[0191] Turning now to FIG. 3, exemplary formats of a payload of a random access data unit according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect are shown. As a non-limiting example, the random access data unit is a successMsg4 as explained above in the context of FIGs. 2a to 2e. As can be seen, the payload 310, 330, 350 and 370 of the successMsg4 in FIGs. 3a to 3d is octet-based, i.e. its structure comprises 8-bit units 311 to 320, 331 to 338, 351 to 357 and 371 to 376. Furthermore, the payload 310, 330, 350 and 370 of the successMsg4 in FIGs. 3a to 3d comprises a CR-ID MAC CE having a size of six octets.
[0192] The format shown in FIG. 3a is an example of a first format according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect, and may thus also be referred to as “format1” . Here, the payload 310 comprises –in addition to the CR-ID MAC CE –a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE, a timing advance MAC CE and a C-RNTI MAC CE. The CR-ID MAC CE having a size of 48 bits is contained in octets 311 to 316. The HARQ feedback resource MAC CE having a size of 4 bits is contained in octet 317. The timing advance MAC CE having a size of 11 bits is contained in octets 317 and 318. The C-RNTI MAC CE having a size of 16 bits is contained in octets 319 and 320. In octet 317, a reserved bit “R” fills up the space which is not occupied by the HARQ feedback resource MAC CE and the timing advance MAC CE.
[0193] The format shown in FIG. 3b is an example of a second format according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect, and may thus also be referred to as “format2” . Here, the payload 330 comprises –in addition to the CR-ID MAC CE –a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE and a timing advance MAC CE, but no C-RNTI MAC CE.The CR-ID MAC CE having a size of 48 bits is contained in octets 331 to 336. The HARQ feedback resource MAC CE having a size of 4 bits is contained in octet 337. The timing advance MAC CE having a size of 11 bits is contained in octets 337 and 338. In octet 337, a reserved bit “R” fills up the space which is not occupied by the HARQ feedback resource MAC CE and the timing advance MAC CE.
[0194] The format shown in FIG. 3c is an example of a third format according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect, and may thus also be referred to as “format3” . Here, the payload 350 comprises –in addition to the CR-ID MAC CE –a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE, but no timing advance MAC CE and no C-RNTI MAC CE.The CR-ID MAC CE having a size of 48 bits is contained in octets 351 to 356. The HARQ feedback resource MAC CE having a size of 4 bits is contained in octet 357. In octet 337, four reserved bits “R” fill up the space which is not occupied by the HARQ feedback resource MAC CE.
[0195] The format shown in FIG. 3d is an example of a fourth format according to the first and / or second exemplary aspect, and may thus also be referred to as “format4” . Here, the payload 370 comprises only the CR-ID MAC CE, but no HARQ feedback resource MAC CE, no timing advance MAC CE and no C-RNTI MAC CE. The CR-ID MAC CE having a size of 48 bits is contained in octets 351 to 356.
[0196] By using a format which corresponds to the control elements that are to be included in the successMsg4, and by indicating the respective format by means of the header information, a more efficient succesMsg4 delivery may be achieved in the specific non-limiting example described. As an example, if only a CR-ID MAC CE and a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE are to be included in the successMsg4, format3 can be used, thus avoiding a situation in which excess space of a fixed-size larger format has to be filled using padding.
[0197] Turning now to FIG. 4, another example embodiment of a method 400 according to the first exemplary aspect is shown in a process flow chart. More specifically, the succession of actions and / or steps performed by an apparatus is shown, the apparatus being a UE in this non-limiting example. As a non-limiting example, the random access data unit is a successMsg4 as explained above in the context of FIGs. 2a to 2e.
[0198] Within action 410, UE transmits CB-Msg3 to a base station apparatus (not shown) without prior transmission of Msg1 and / or Msg2. Accordingly the base station apparatus receives CB-Msg3. In this context, the base station apparatus is an example of a radio access node according to the second aspect.
[0199] Within action 415, the base station apparatus transmits CB-Msg4 to the UE. Accordingly, UE receives CB-Msg4 and identifies the included MAC subheader for successMsg4. In this non-limiting example, it is assumed that the structure of the MAC subheader corresponds to the structure shown in FIG. 2a. In more detail it is assumed that the MAC subheader has individual indicator fields, i.e. 1-bit flags, referred to as “E” , “C” , “T” , “H” and “S” .
[0200] Within action 420, UE reads out the S field and determines whether the S field has a value of 1. This allows the UE to determine whether one or more MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU follow the MAC subPDU including the MAC subheader for successMsg4 or not. Furthermore, within action 420, UE reads out the E field and determines whether the E field has a value of 1. This allows the UE to determine whether one or more further MAC subPDUs –other than MAC subPDUs for MAC SDU –follow the MAC subPDU including the MAC subheader for successMsg4 or not. However, the value of the S and E fields does not affect which format is determined for the payload of the successMsg4.
[0201] Within action 425, UE reads out the H field and determines whether the H field has a value of 1. This allows the UE to determine whether the successMsg4 contains a HARQ feedback resource MAC CE or not.
[0202] Action 430 is performed by UE if it has been determined within action 425 that the H field does not have a value of 1. Within action 430, UE determines that the payload of the successMsg4 has format4 shown in FIG. 3d. Furthermore, within action 430, UE decodes the payload of the successMsg4 using format4.
[0203] Action 435 is performed by UE if it has been determined within action 425 that the H field has a value of 1. Within action 435, UE reads out the T field and determines whether the T field has a value of 1. This allows the UE to determine whether the successMsg4 contains a timing advance MAC CE or not.
[0204] Action 440 is performed by UE if it has been determined within action 435 that the T field does not have a value of 1. Within action 440, UE determines that the payload of the successMsg4 has format3 shown in FIG. 3c. Furthermore, within action 440, UE decodes the payload of the successMsg4 using format3.
[0205] Action 445 is performed by UE if it has been determined within action 435 that the T field has a value of 1. Within action 445, UE reads out the C field and determines whether the C field has a value of 1. This allows the UE to determine whether the successMsg4 contains a C-RNTI MAC CE or not.
[0206] Action 450 is performed by UE if it has been determined within action 445 that the C field does not have a value of 1. Within action 450, UE determines that the payload of the successMsg4 has format2 shown in FIG. 3b. Furthermore, within action 450, UE decodes the payload of the successMsg4 using format2.
[0207] Action 455 is performed by UE if it has been determined within action 445 that the C field has a value of 1. Within action 455, UE determines that the payload of the successMsg4 has format1 shown in FIG. 3a. Furthermore, within action 455, UE decodes the payload of the successMsg4 using format1.
[0208] As can also be understood from the above explanations in connection with FIG. 4, by using a format which corresponds to the control elements that are to be included in the successMsg4, and by indicating the respective format by means of the header information, a more efficient succesMsg4 delivery may be achieved by avoiding padding of excess space.
[0209] Turning now to FIG. 5, an example of a MAC PDU for a CB-Msg4 without prior transmission of Msg1 and / or Msg2 is shown. The MAC PDU 500 comprises a first MAC subPDU 510, a second MAC subPDU 520, a third MAC subPDU 530 and a plurality of further MAC sub PDUs, of which a fourth MAC subPDU 540 and a last MAC subPDU 550 are shown exemplarily. Each of the MAC subPDUs 510, 520, 530, 540, 550 comprises a MAC subheader 511, 521, 531, 541, 551 and a payload 512, 522, 532, 542, 552. The MAC subPDUs 510, 520, 530 respectively constitute a successMsg4, and the remaining MAC subPDUs respectively contain a MAC SDU with an RRC message. In this non-limiting example, the CB-Msg4 sends network responses to three UEs simultaneously. Furthermore, it is assumed for this non-limiting example that the structure of the MAC subheaders 511, 521, 531 corresponds to the structure shown in FIG. 2a where the MAC subheader has individual indicator fields, i.e. 1-bit flags referred to as “E” , “C” , “T” , “H” and “S” , and reserved bits referred to as “R” . The values of the MAC subheaders 511, 521, 531, i.e. 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / R / R / R for Mac subheader 511, 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / R / R / R for MAC subheader 521, and 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / R / R / R for MAC subheader 531 are explicitly indicated in FIG. 5 according to the structure of the MAC PDU 500.
[0210] As can be seen from FIG. 5, the MAC subPDU 510 for the first UE is successMsg4 format1, in which a CR-ID CE, a C-RNTI CE, a TA CE and a HARQ feedback resource CE are included in the MAC subPDU 510. The MAC subPDU 520 for the second UE is successMsg4 format4, in which only a CR-ID CE is included in the MAC subPDU 520. The MAC subPDU 530 for the third UE is successMsg4 format2, in which a TA CE and a HARQ feedback resource CE are included in the MAC subPDU 530. By comparison with the respective formats (i.e. format 1, format2, format 3 and format 4) shown in FIGs. 3a to 3d, it becomes obvious that the MAC subPDU size for the second UE is the smallest one. This illustrates that an overall size reduction may be achieved compared to a fixed-size format, which thus reduces the occurrence of situations where padding has to be applied to fill excess space. Furthermore, this also allows to transmit a more robust Msg4 using less resources.
[0211] In addition, as indicated in the MAC subheaders 511, 521, 531, the respective “S” bits are set to 1. This means that all three UEs have a MAC SDU with an RRC message. In this example, the respective MAC subPDUs are placed such that they follow the MAC subPDU 530 for successMsg4 of the third UE. The MAC SDUs are mapped to the UEs according to the order of the successMsg4 payload, i.e. the first MAC SDU is for the first UE, the second MAC SDU is for the second UE, etc. In other embodiments, the MAC subPDUs containing the MAC SDUs with RRC messages may be placed such that they respectively follow directly their associated MAC subPDU 510, 520, 530 containing the CR-ID CEs.
[0212] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an example embodiment of an apparatus 600 according to the first aspect of the present disclosure. For instance, apparatus 600 may be configured for performing actions of one or more of the embodiments of a method according to the present disclosure, such as the embodiments of a method explained in the context of FIG. 1 and FIG. 4.
[0213] Apparatus 600 comprises a processor 601. Processor 601 may represent a single processor or two or more processors, which are for instance at least partially coupled, for instance via a bus. Processor 601 executes a program code stored in program memory 602 (for instance program code causing apparatus 600 to perform alone and / or together with a radio access node, one or more of the embodiments of a method according to the present disclosure or parts thereof, when executed on processor 601) , and interfaces with a main memory 603.
[0214] Program memory 602 may also comprise an operating system for processor 601. Some or all of memories 602 and 603 may also be included into processor 601. Program memory 602 and main memory 603 may be formed by a single memory.
[0215] Moreover, processor 601 may control a communication interface 604 which is for example configured to communicate according to a communication system like a 3GPP communication system. Communication interface 604 of apparatus 600 may be realized by one or more network interfaces, for instance.
[0216] The components 602, 603 and 604 of apparatus 600 may for instance be connected with processor 601 by means of one or more serial and / or parallel busses.
[0217] It is to be understood that apparatus 600 may comprise various other components.
[0218] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of examples of tangible and non-transitory computer-readable storage media according to the present disclosure that may for instance be used to implement memory 602 of FIG. 6. To this end, FIG. 7 displays a flash memory 700, which may for instance be soldered or bonded to a printed circuit board, a solid-state drive 701 comprising a plurality of memory chips (e.g. Flash memory chips) , a magnetic hard drive 702, a Secure Digital (SD) card 703, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) memory stick 704, an optical storage medium 705 (such as for instance a CD-ROM or DVD) and a magnetic storage medium 706. Any presented connection in the described embodiments is to be understood in a way that the involved components are operationally coupled. Thus, the connections can be direct or indirect with any number or combination of intervening elements, and there may be merely a functional relationship between the components.
[0219] Further, as used herein, the term ‘circuitry’ may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0220] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in analog, digital and / or quantum circuitry) and
[0221] (b) combinations of hardware circuit (s) and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0222] (i) a combination of analog, digital and / or quantum hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0223] (ii) any or all portions of hardware processor (s) (including digital and / or quantum processor (s) ) with software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile device, computing device, or server, to perform various functions) and
[0224] (c) any or all portions of hardware circuit (s) , such as microprocessor (s) , processor (s) and / or quantum processor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0225] This definition of ‘circuitry’ applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used herein, the term ‘circuitry’ also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term ‘circuitry’ also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0226] Any of the processors mentioned in this text, in particular but not limited to processor 601 of FIG. 6, could be a processor of any suitable type. Any processor may comprise but is not limited to one or more microprocessors, one or more processor (s) with accompanying digital signal processor (s) , one or more processor (s) without accompanying digital signal processor (s) , one or more special-purpose computer chips, one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAS) , one or more controllers, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICS) , or one or more computer (s) . The relevant structure / hardware has been programmed in such a way to carry out the described function.
[0227] The term “non-transitory” , as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0228] Moreover, any of the actions or steps described or illustrated herein may be implemented using executable instructions in a general-purpose or special-purpose processor and stored on a computer-readable storage medium (e.g. disk, memory, or the like) to be executed by such a processor. References to ‘computer-readable storage medium’ should be understood to encompass specialized circuits such as FPGAs, ASICs, signal processing devices, and other devices.
[0229] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0230] The wording “A and / or B” may be understood to be not exhaustive and to include at least the following: (i) A, or (ii) B, or (iii) A and B.
[0231] The wording “A, or B, or C, or a combination thereof” or “at least one of A, B and C” may be understood to be not exhaustive and to include at least the following: (i) A, or (ii) B, or (iii) C, or (iv) A and B, or (v) A and C, or (vi) B and C, or (vii) A and B and C.
[0232] As used herein, the terms “the at least one” and “the one or more” mean “any one of the at least one” and “any one of the one or more” , respectively.
[0233] It will be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are only exemplary, and that any feature presented for a particular exemplary embodiment may be used with any aspect of the present disclosure on its own or in combination with any feature presented for the same or another particular exemplary embodiment and / or in combination with any other feature not mentioned. It will further be understood that any feature presented for an example embodiment in a particular category may also be used in a corresponding manner in an example embodiment of any other category.
[0234] ABBREVIATIONS
[0235] 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
[0236] BS Base Station
[0237] C-RNTI Cell-RNTI
[0238] CB Contention Based
[0239] CE Control Element
[0240] CR Contention Resolution
[0241] CR-ID Contention Resolution Identity
[0242] DCI Downlink Control Information
[0243] DL Downlink
[0244] EDT Early Data Transmission
[0245] gNB gNodeB
[0246] HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request
[0247] MAC Medium Access Contorl
[0248] Msg Message
[0249] NR New Radio
[0250] NTN Non-Terrestrial Network
[0251] PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
[0252] PDU Protocol Data Unit
[0253] PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
[0254] RA Random Access
[0255] RAN Radio Access Network
[0256] RNTI Radio Network Temporary Identifier
[0257] RRC Radio Resource Control
[0258] SDU Service Data Unit
[0259] UE User Equipment
[0260] UL Uplink
Claims
1.An apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following:- obtaining header information of a random access data unit, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit;- for at least one control element out of the two or more control elements, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit;- based on whether the header information is indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, determining a format of the random access data unit.2.The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the random access data unit comprises a contention resolution identity control element.3.The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the header information is respectively indicative of whether or not one or more of the following control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit:- a C-RNTI control element;- a timing advance control element;- a HARQ feedback resource control element.4.The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the header information is not indicative of whether or not a contention resolution identity control element is present in the random access data unit.5.The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the random access data unit constitutes a part of a random access message which comprises the random access data unit and one or more further random access data units.6.The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the random access data unit targets the apparatus, wherein at least one of the one or more further random access data units respectively targets at least one further apparatus.7.The apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein at least one of the one or more further random access data units comprises at least one contention resolution identity control element, and / or wherein at least one of the one or more further random access data units comprises at least one radio resource control message.8.The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the random access data unit constitutes a subunit of a protocol data unit, wherein the header information is further indicative of at least one of the following:- whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;- whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.9.The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the header information comprises at least one separate indicator information, wherein the at least one separate indicator information is respectively indicative of only one of the following:- whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;- whether or not a C-RNTI control element is present in the random access data unit;- whether or not a timing advance control element is present in the random access data unit;- whether or not a HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit;- whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.10.The apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the header information comprises common indicator information, wherein the common indicator information is indicative of two or more of the following:- whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a subunit other than a service data unit;- whether or not a C-RNTI control element is present in the random access data unit;- whether or not a timing advance control element is present in the random access data unit;- whether or not a HARQ feedback resource control element is present in the random access data unit;- whether or not the random access data unit is followed by at least one further subunit of the protocol data unit, the at least one further subunit respectively being a service data unit.11.The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the format of the random access data unit is one of the following:- a first format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the first format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element;- a second format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the second format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, a HARQ feedback resource control element and a timing advance control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a C-RNTI control element;- a third format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the third format comprises a contention resolution identity control element and a HARQ feedback resource control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element;- a fourth format, wherein a payload of a random access data unit having the fourth format comprises a contention resolution identity control element, wherein the payload of the random access data unit does not comprise a HARQ feedback resource control element, a timing advance control element and a C-RNTI control element.12.The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the header information is respectively indicative of whether or not a C-RNTI control element, a timing advance control element and a HARQ feedback resource control element are present in the random access data unit, wherein determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the control elements in the random access data unit and determining a format of the random access data unit comprises:- determining whether the header information is indicative of a presence of the HARQ feedback resource control element in the random access data unit;- in response to determining that the header information is not indicative of the presence of the HARQ feedback resource control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the fourth format;- in response to determining that the header information is indicative of the presence of the HARQ feedback resource control element in the random access data unit:- determining whether the header information is indicative of a presence of the timing advance control element in the random access data unit;- in response to determining that the header information is not indicative of the presence of the timing advance control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the third format;- in response to determining that the header information is indicative of the presence of the timing advance control element in the random access data unit:- determining whether the header information is indicative of a presence of the C-RNTI control element in the random access data unit;- in response to determining that the header information is not indicative of the presence of the C-RNTI control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the second format;- in response to determining that the header information is indicative of the presence of the C-RNTI control element in the random access data unit, determining that the format of the random access data unit is the first format.13.The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12, the at least one memory further storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least one of the following:- transmitting a random access request data unit to a radio access node;- receiving the random access data unit from the radio access node, the random access data unit comprising the header information;- identifying the header information in the random access data unit;- based on determining the format of the random access data unit, decoding the random access data unit.14.The apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 13, the at least one memory further storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform the following:- determining a HARQ feedback resource based on a HARQ feedback resource control element included in the random access data unit and a HARQ feedback resource index included in a downlink control information scheduling the random access data unit.15.A method performed by an apparatus, the method comprising at least the following:- obtaining header information of a random access data unit, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit;- for at least one control element out of the two or more control elements, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit;- based on whether the header information is indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, determining a format of the random access data unit.16.A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following:- obtaining header information of a random access data unit, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit;- for at least one control element out of the two or more control elements, determining whether the header information is indicative of a respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit;- based on whether the header information is indicative of the respective presence of the at least one control element in the random access data unit, determining a format of the random access data unit.17.A radio access node of a radio access network, the radio access node comprising at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the radio access node to perform at least the following:- transmitting a random access data unit to an apparatus, the random access data unit comprising header information, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit.18.The radio access node according to claim 17, the at least one memory further storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the radio access node to perform the following:- receiving a random access request data unit from the apparatus.19.A method performed by a radio access node of a radio access network, the method comprising at least the following:- transmitting a random access data unit to an apparatus, the random access data unit comprising header information, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit.20.A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a radio access node of a radio access network, cause the radio access node to perform at least the following:- transmitting a random access data unit to an apparatus, the random access data unit comprising header information, the header information being respectively indicative of whether or not two or more control elements for the apparatus are present in the random access data unit.