Light-emitting substrate, display module, and display device

Abstract

Disclosed are a light-emitting substrate, a display module, and a display device. The light-emitting substrate comprises: a first base substrate, comprising a first surface, a second surface, and a first groove; a protruding portion, comprising a first reflective surface; a light-emitting unit; and a light extraction structure. The first reflective surface comprises a first inclined surface; the first inclined surface is presented as two target line segments in a cross section; the target line segments are both straight line segments, or the target line segments are both target curve line segments, or one of the target line segments is a straight line segment and the other one of the target line segments is a target curve line segment. A target curve line segment has a first endpoint and a second endpoint, and a distance from any point on the target curve line segment to a straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint is less than 1 / 20 of the length of the straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint.

Description

Light-emitting substrate, display module and display device

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. PCT / CN2025 / 085951, filed on March 28, 2025, entitled "Light-emitting substrate and method for preparing the same, display module and display device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a light-emitting substrate, a display module, and a display device. Background Technology

[0004] Passive light emission display devices mainly consist of a display panel and a backlight module. The display panel is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight module and is used to modulate the light emitted from the backlight module to achieve image display. Due to the trend of display devices becoming thinner, the thinning of the backlight module is a research hotspot in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a light-emitting substrate, which includes:

[0006] The first substrate includes: a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and a first groove located on the first surface;

[0007] The protrusion is located within the first groove; in a cross section passing through the geometric center of the protrusion projected onto the second surface and along the thickness direction of the first base, the width of the protrusion in the first direction is a first width, and the first width gradually increases in the direction from the first surface to the second surface, wherein the first direction is the direction located in the cross section and parallel to the first base; the protrusion includes a first reflective surface;

[0008] The light-emitting unit is located on the side of the protrusion away from the first base and is used to emit light toward the first groove.

[0009] The light extraction structure is formed in the first surface or located on the side of the first surface away from the second surface;

[0010] Wherein, the first reflective surface is at least a portion of the surface located on the side of the protrusion away from the second surface, and the first reflective surface includes a first inclined surface, the angle between the first inclined surface and the second surface being greater than 0°;

[0011] The first inclined surface appears as two target line segments in the cross section;

[0012] The target line segments are all straight line segments, or the target line segments are all target curve segments, or one of the target line segments is a straight line segment and the other is a target curve segment; the target curve segment has a first endpoint and a second endpoint, and the distance between any point on the target curve segment and the straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint is less than 1 / 20 of the length of the straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint.

[0013] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first inclined surface on the second surface surrounds the geometric center, and / or the geometric center is located inside the orthographic projection of the first reflective surface outside the first inclined surface on the second surface.

[0014] In some embodiments, the protrusion includes: a base portion and a first reflective layer located on the side of the base portion away from the second surface, the first reflective layer having a first reflective surface;

[0015] The surface of the substrate on the side away from the second surface is conformal to the first reflective surface.

[0016] In some embodiments, the base portion and the first substrate are integral structures made of the same material.

[0017] In some embodiments, in the cross section, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines and the second surface is greater than or equal to θ2; wherein, 19.5°≤θ2≤21.5°.

[0018] In some embodiments, in the cross section, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines and the second surface is greater than or equal to 21°.

[0019] In some embodiments, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0020] The second reflective layer is located on the side of the light extraction structure away from the first substrate; the second reflective layer includes a first opening, the orthographic projection of the first opening on the second surface falling into the orthographic projection of the first groove on the second surface.

[0021] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the second reflective layer onto the second substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first inclined surface onto the second substrate.

[0022] In some embodiments, in the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, the width of the area where the orthographic projection of the second reflective layer onto the second substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first inclined surface onto the second substrate is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers and less than or equal to 10 micrometers.

[0023] In some embodiments, in the cross-section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, the width Q1 of the first opening satisfies:

[0024] Half of Q1 satisfies:

[0025] Where Q2 is the maximum width of the first inclined surface in the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, H1 is the maximum distance between the bottom of the protrusion and the first opening in the cross section, and 39°≤θ3≤43°.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first reflective surface further includes: a first plane connected to the first inclined surface, wherein the plane containing the highest point of the first plane is parallel to the plane containing the highest point of the first surface;

[0027] The geometric center is located inside the orthographic projection of the first plane onto the second surface.

[0028] In some embodiments, the protrusion includes a base portion; the base portion includes a second plane corresponding to the first plane, wherein the highest point of the second plane away from the second surface is located on the same plane as the highest point of the first surface away from the second surface.

[0029] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first plane onto the second surface falls inside the orthographic projection of the first opening onto the second surface.

[0030] In some embodiments, in the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, the width of the first plane is greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 20 micrometers.

[0031] In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit includes: a light-emitting portion and a light modulation structure located on the side of the light-emitting portion facing the first substrate;

[0032] The light modulation structure is used to narrow the light emitted from the light source.

[0033] In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit includes: a light-emitting portion and a light modulation structure located on the side of the light-emitting portion facing the first substrate;

[0034] The light modulation structure is used to make the light emission angle of the light-emitting unit less than or equal to 4, where 39°≤θ4≤43°.

[0035] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure on the second surface overlaps at least with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part on the second surface.

[0036] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface is located inside the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure onto the second surface.

[0037] In some embodiments, the optical modulation structure is one of the following: a distributed Bragg reflection structure, an aperture stop, or a Fresnel lens.

[0038] In some embodiments, the distributed Bragg reflection structure includes a multilayer sub-dielectric film stacked together, the multilayer sub-dielectric film including a first type of sub-dielectric film and a second type of sub-dielectric film, the first type of sub-dielectric film and the second type of sub-dielectric film being made of different materials, and the first type of sub-dielectric film and the second type of sub-dielectric film being alternately arranged in the thickness direction of the distributed Bragg reflection structure.

[0039] In some embodiments, the aperture stop includes multiple sub-aperture stops stacked together;

[0040] The aperture stop includes a second opening, the orthographic projection of the second opening on the second surface overlaps with the orthographic projection of the protrusion on the second surface.

[0041] In some embodiments, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0042] The light-transmitting filling portion is located within the first groove on the side of the protrusion that is at least partially opposite to the bottom of the first groove; the second reflective layer is located on the side of the light-transmitting filling portion that is opposite to the second surface.

[0043] In some embodiments, the material of the light-transmitting filling portion includes at least one of the following: polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene terephthalate, and polycarbonate; the material of the first substrate includes at least one of the following: glass, polymethyl methacrylate, and polycarbonate.

[0044] In some embodiments, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0045] The color conversion structure is located between the protrusion and the light-emitting unit.

[0046] In some embodiments, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0047] The color conversion structure has at least a portion located between the second reflective layer and the light-emitting unit; the distance between the surface of the color conversion structure facing the second surface and the second surface is greater than or equal to the distance between the surface of the second reflective layer facing the second surface and the second surface.

[0048] In some embodiments, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0049] The color conversion structure is located on the side of the second surface that is away from the first surface.

[0050] In some embodiments, the light-emitting substrate further includes a light-transmitting portion located on the side of the first surface facing the light-emitting unit; the light-transmitting portion includes a light extraction structure.

[0051] This disclosure provides a display module, including a liquid crystal display panel and a light-emitting substrate; the light-emitting substrate is a backlight panel of the liquid crystal display panel.

[0052] The liquid crystal display panel is located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting substrate.

[0053] This disclosure provides a display device, including a display module provided in this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a light-emitting substrate provided by related technologies;

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0057] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0058] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0059] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0060] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0061] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0062] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0063] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0064] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0065] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0066] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0067] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0068] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0069] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0070] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a triangular relationship satisfied by Q1 and Q2 according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0071] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0072] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of an angular bandgap provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0073] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of another angle bandgap provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0074] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0075] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0076] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0077] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0078] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0079] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0080] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0081] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0082] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of another light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0083] Figure 29 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a light-emitting substrate according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0084] Figure 30 is a schematic flowchart of another method for preparing a light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0085] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of a mask plate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0086] Figure 32 is a schematic flowchart of another method for preparing a light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0087] Figure 33 is a schematic flowchart of another method for preparing a light-emitting substrate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0088] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0089] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this disclosure can be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0090] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that an element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0091] It should be noted that the dimensions and shapes of the figures in the accompanying drawings do not reflect actual scale and are intended only to illustrate the content of this disclosure. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.

[0092] In related technologies, as shown in Figure 1, the light-emitting substrate of the backlight module includes a glass substrate 15 with a groove. A third reflective layer 13 covers the protrusion of the groove as a reflective bowl. A light-transmitting filling portion 6 fills the groove. A second reflective layer 5 has an opening, and the area outside the opening covers the light-transmitting filling portion 6 and the glass substrate 15. A color conversion structure 4 is located at least in the opening area of ​​the second reflective layer 5 between the light-transmitting filling portion 6 and the light-emitting unit 3, so that the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 3 passes through the color conversion structure 4 and then exits from the side of the glass substrate 15 away from the groove. However, the light emission uniformity of this structure is low, and light leakage at side viewing angles is prone to occur.

[0093] This disclosure provides a light-emitting substrate, as shown in FIG2, comprising:

[0094] The first substrate 1 includes: a first surface S1 and a second surface S2 opposite to each other, and a first groove 101 located on the first surface S1; the side of the second surface S2 facing away from the first surface S1 is the light-emitting side of the light-emitting substrate.

[0095] The protrusion 2 is located within the first groove 101. In a cross-section (Figure 2 shows one such cross-section) passing through the geometric center M1 of the protrusion 2 projected onto the second surface S2 and along the thickness direction of the first base 1, the width of the protrusion 2 in the first direction X is a first width L1. In the direction from the first surface S1 to the second surface S2 (i.e., the Y direction in Figure 2), the first width L1 gradually increases. The first direction X is the direction located in the cross-section and parallel to the first base 1. The protrusion 2 includes a first reflective surface 2-1.

[0096] The light extraction structure 10 is formed in the first surface S1 or located on the side of the first surface S1 away from the second surface S2;

[0097] The light-emitting unit 3 is located on the side of the protrusion 2 away from the first base 1, and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 3 on the first base 1 covers the first groove 101.

[0098] Wherein, the first reflective surface 2-1 is at least a portion of the surface located on the side of the protrusion 2 away from the second surface S2; the first reflective surface 2-1 includes a first inclined surface 25, the angle between the first inclined surface 25 and the second surface S2 is greater than 0°, that is, the first inclined surface 25 is inclined relative to the second surface S2; the geometric center M1 is located inside the orthographic projection of the first reflective surface 2-1 on the second surface S2; for example, the orthographic projection of the first inclined surface 25 on the second surface S2 surrounds the geometric center M1, and / or, the geometric center M1 is located inside the orthographic projection of the first reflective surface 2-1 on the second surface S2 outside the first inclined surface 25;

[0099] As shown in Figure 2, the first inclined surface 25 is presented as two target line segments 19 in the cross section; specifically, the two target line segments 19 can be set relative to each other;

[0100] As shown in Figure 2, all target line segments 19 are straight line segments 1901; or, as shown in Figure 3, all target line segments 19 are target curve segments 1902; or, as shown in Figure 4, one of the target line segments 19 is a straight line segment 1901 and the other is a target curve segment 1902.

[0101] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the target curve segment 1902 has a first endpoint M2 and a second endpoint M3. The distance L2 from any point on the target curve segment 1902 to the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3 is less than 1 / 20 of the length L3 of the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3.

[0102] It should be noted that in the cross section passing through the geometric center M1 of the orthographic projection of the protrusion 2 onto the second surface S2 and along the thickness direction of the first base 1, it indicates that the geometric center M1 of the orthographic projection of the protrusion 2 onto the second surface S2 is located within this cross section.

[0103] It should be noted that the inclination of the first inclined surface relative to the second surface means that the angle between the first inclined surface and the second surface is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0104] It should be noted that in some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the first inclined surface 25 is a plane inclined relative to the second surface S2, that is, the target line segment 19 is a straight line segment 1901. However, due to process deviations, in some embodiments, the first inclined surface of the actually manufactured protrusion may not be a flat surface, that is, the area of ​​the first inclined surface 25 corresponding to the part of the target line segment 19 that is the target curve segment 1902 in FIG3 and FIG4 is not a flat surface. Considering the process deviations, when the target curve segment 1902 satisfies the condition that "the distance L2 between any point on the target curve segment 1902 and the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3 is less than 1 / 20 of the length L3 of the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3", it can be approximately regarded as the first inclined surface being an inclined flat surface, and all of them are within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0105] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment has a protrusion at the bottom of the first groove, including a first reflective surface. The first reflective surface includes a first inclined surface that is inclined relative to the second surface. The first inclined surface is an inclined flat surface, so that when light reaches the first inclined surface and is reflected, compared with the case where the first inclined surface is a non-flat surface, it is beneficial to make the light emitted by the light-emitting unit propagate through the waveguide after reaching the first substrate, avoid light leakage at a large viewing angle, improve the light emission uniformity of the light-emitting substrate, improve the display effect, and enhance the user experience.

[0106] In some embodiments, depending on actual needs, the distance L2 between any point on the target curve segment 1902 and the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3 may be less than 1 / 11 of the length L3 of the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3. That is, considering process deviations, when the target curve segment 1902 satisfies the condition that "the distance L2 between any point on the target curve segment 1902 and the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3 is less than 1 / 11 of the length L3 of the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3", it can be approximately regarded as the first inclined surface being an inclined flat surface, and all of these conditions are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0107] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the target curve segment 1902 includes at least one recessed portion facing the second surface (not shown). That is, the target curve segment 1902 includes at least one arcuate segment recessed towards the second surface (not shown). Figures 3 and 4 illustrate this by taking the target curve segment 1902 as an example of an arcuate segment recessed towards the second surface (not shown). Specifically, the target curve segment 1902 is located on the side of the straight line N1 connecting the first endpoint M2 and the second endpoint M3 facing the second surface (not shown), and the tangent angle of the target curve segment 1902 gradually increases in the direction away from the second surface (not shown). Alternatively, the target curve segment may also consist of two arcuate segments recessed towards the second surface (not shown), with the tangent angle of the target curve segment first gradually increasing, then slightly decreasing, and then gradually increasing again.

[0108] It should be noted that if the arc segment bulges towards the side opposite to the second surface, the tangent tilt angle of the target curve segment will be smaller, and the light coupling angle in some areas will become smaller, which may lead to light leakage, i.e., light emanating directly from the first groove. The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment includes at least one arc segment that is recessed towards the second surface, which can increase the tangent tilt angle of the target curve segment, avoid the risk of light leakage, and improve the brightness uniformity when viewed from a wide angle.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first substrate is used to support other structures disposed thereon. The shape and size of the first substrate are adapted to the shape and size of the display device to which it is applied. Generally, the shape of the first substrate can be square, rectangular, etc. When applied to irregularly shaped display devices, the shape of the first substrate can also be circular or other irregular shapes, without limitation. The first substrate can be made of transparent substrate materials commonly used in the display technology field. The transparent substrate material can be glass; or, the transparent substrate material can be poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), also known as acrylic or plexiglass; the transparent substrate material can also be polycarbonate (PC), also known as PC plastic.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first substrate is a light-transmitting substrate; or, the light-emitting substrate includes a light-transmitting portion 28 located on the side of the first surface S1 facing the light-emitting unit, and the first substrate and the light-transmitting portion 28 are collectively a light-transmitting substrate. Specifically, "light transmission" in the light-transmitting substrate can be understood as: the transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate to at least one wavelength of visible light is 30% or more. Preferably, the transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate to at least one wavelength of visible light is 50% or more. Preferably, the transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate to at least one wavelength of visible light is 60% or more. Preferably, the transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate to at least one wavelength of visible light is 80% or more.

[0111] The transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate to at least one wavelength of visible light can be measured using the following method: after at least one light-emitting unit in the light-emitting substrate is lit, the ratio of the total luminous flux of the light emitted from the surface of the light-transmitting substrate away from the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit to the sum of the luminous flux of the lit light-emitting unit is taken as the equivalent transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate to at least one wavelength of visible light. That is, the transmittance of the first substrate or the integral structure consisting of the first substrate and the light-transmitting part 28 can be estimated using the above method. The equivalent transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate is less than or equal to the actual transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the protrusion 2 includes: a base portion 201, and a first reflective layer 202 located on the side of the base portion 201 away from the second surface S2; the first reflective layer 202 has a first reflective surface 2-1; the first reflective layer 202 covers the upper surface 2-2 of the base portion 201 on the side away from the bottom of the first groove 101.

[0113] The surface of the substrate 201 on the side away from the second surface S2 is conformal to the first reflective surface 2-1.

[0114] As shown in Figure 2, the surface of the second reflective layer 202 facing away from the second surface S2 (i.e., the first reflective surface 2-1) is parallel to the upper surface 2-2 of the substrate 201 facing away from the second surface S2; the surface of the second reflective layer 202 facing away from the second surface S2 is the first reflective surface S11.

[0115] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the base portion 201 is located at the bottom of the first groove 101;

[0116] The upper surface 2-2 includes a second inclined surface 26 parallel to the first inclined surface 25; the second inclined surface 26 is a flat surface within the allowable error range;

[0117] The angle between the second inclined surface 26 and the second surface S2 is equal to the angle between the first inclined surface 25 and the second surface S2.

[0118] In practice, a base portion with an upper surface is first fabricated, and then a first reflective layer is fabricated on the base portion, so that the surface of the first reflective layer facing away from the base portion also includes a sloping flat surface.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first reflective layer is typically a material with high reflectivity. For example, the material of the first reflective layer includes silver or aluminum.

[0120] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the base portion 201 and the first base 1 are integral structures made of the same material, that is, a portion of the first base 1 located in the first groove 101 is reused as the base portion 201 of the protrusion 2.

[0121] The backlight substrate provided in this embodiment reuses a portion of the first substrate as the base portion of the protrusion, so that the base portion can be formed in the step of forming the first groove, which can simplify the process flow of the backlight substrate and save costs.

[0122] It should be noted that the first groove is formed by removing a portion of the first base on one side of the first surface. Even if a portion of the first base is reused as a protruding base portion, as shown in Figure 2, the orthographic projection of the base portion 201 on the second surface S2 still falls within the orthographic projection of the first groove 101 on the second surface S2. That is, the base portion 201 can still be considered to be disposed in the first groove 101.

[0123] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the protrusion 2 and the first base 1 are disposed independently of each other.

[0124] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the protrusion 2 includes a base portion 201 and a first reflective layer 202, wherein the base portion 201 and the first substrate 1 are disposed independently of each other.

[0125] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the bottom of the first groove 101 has a flat surface 103, and the protrusion 2 contacts the flat surface 103.

[0126] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the bottom of the first groove 101 has a raised structure 102, and the protrusion 2 covers the raised structure 102.

[0127] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the bottom of the first groove 101 has an arcuate area 104 connected to the side surface;

[0128] In Figure 5, the area between the curved surface 104 is a flat surface 103;

[0129] In Figure 6, the area between the curved surfaces 104 is a raised structure 102.

[0130] In practice, the first substrate can be etched to create the first groove. Since the bottom of the first groove has an arcuate area, multiple photomasks are needed to etch it. Ideally, the bottom surface of the first groove should be flat. However, considering process variations, a protruding structure may actually appear in the central region of the first groove. For example, a protruding structure might be a structure with a pointed tip, as shown in Figure 6, composed of two different arcuate surfaces. Of course, the bottom of the first groove can also have other recessed structures, uneven structures, or other structures; this is not limited here.

[0131] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, when the bottom of the first groove 101 has a protrusion structure 102, the angle θ10 between the vertex of the protrusion structure 102 and the line connecting the bottom edge to the second surface S2 is less than the angle between the first inclined surface 25 and the second surface S2, that is, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines in the cross section and the second surface S2.

[0132] It should be noted that since light propagates within the first substrate via a waveguide, and only light rays with an angle greater than the critical angle of the first substrate can travel parallel to the waveguide, if the waveguide light encounters a protruding structure, and assuming the tangent angle of the protruding structure is θ, the angle of the light rays reflected by this protruding structure will be +2θ. This could potentially cause the waveguide light rays to be captured by the protruding structure, resulting in non-uniformity. The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment, where θ10 is less than θ1, can avoid accidental light capture caused by the protruding structure and also prevent situations where the protrusion does not cover the protruding structure due to process fluctuations.

[0133] In some embodiments, when the base portion and the first groove are disposed independently, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the base portion 201 includes scattering particles 2011, at least in the region where the base portion 201 contacts the bottom of the first groove 101.

[0134] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment includes scattering particles in the substrate portion, at least in the area where the substrate portion contacts the bottom of the first groove. The scattering particles have a scattering effect and can disperse light. As a result, the light incident from the side of the bottom of the first groove away from the substrate portion to the bottom of the first groove is modulated by the scattering particles, and the uniformity of the emitted light brightness at each angle is further improved, thereby improving the overall light emission uniformity of the light-emitting substrate.

[0135] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the material of the substrate 201 includes: a substrate 2012 and scattering particles 2011 dispersed in the substrate 2012.

[0136] Therefore, when manufacturing the substrate, the substrate film layer containing mixed scattering particles can be directly patterned to form a pattern of the substrate with a first inclined surface, without having to first form a scattering particle layer that contacts the bottom of the first groove and then form a pattern with a first inclined surface, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the substrate.

[0137] In some embodiments, the mass concentration of scattering particles in the matrix is ​​greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 70%.

[0138] In practical implementation, the concentration of scattering particles is related to the light emission angle spectrum of the corresponding region of the substrate. The concentration of scattering particles can be selected according to the light emission angle spectrum of the required light-emitting substrate.

[0139] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment, when the protrusion is provided, has a mass concentration of scattering particles in the substrate that is greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 70%, so that the light emission angular spectrum of the region corresponding to the substrate matches the angular spectrum of the region corresponding to the scattering structure, thereby improving the brightness uniformity across the entire viewing angle.

[0140] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the protrusion 2 is an integral structure, the material of the protrusion 2 is metal, and the metal has a first reflective surface 2-1.

[0141] In practical implementation, a metal material layer is formed in the first groove, and then the metal material layer is patterned to form a protrusion with a first reflective surface.

[0142] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the light-emitting unit 3 covers the first groove 101 by the orthogonal projection of the first substrate 1.

[0143] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0144] The second reflective layer 5 is located on the side of the light extraction structure 10 away from the first substrate 1; the second reflective layer 5 includes a first opening 501; the orthographic projection of the first opening 501 onto the second surface S2 and the orthographic projection of the first groove 101 onto the second surface S2 are both present.

[0145] In the light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment, the position of the first opening corresponds to the position of the first groove, and is used to transmit the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 3. The orthographic projection of the first opening onto the second surface S2 and the orthographic projection of the first groove onto the second surface S2, i.e., the second reflective layer has a portion located inside the first groove, which forms an eaves structure relative to the first groove. This eaves structure can be used to reflect light, improving the light utilization rate. Furthermore, after multiple reflections by the protrusion and the second reflective layer, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit has a certain diffusion and light uniformity effect, which can reduce the use of the diffusion film, thereby further reducing the thickness of the light-emitting substrate, which is beneficial to meeting the requirements of thinner display devices.

[0146] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the orthographic projection of the first opening 501 onto the second surface S2 falls within the orthographic projection of the protrusion 2 onto the second surface S2.

[0147] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, FIG5 and FIG7, the second reflective layer 5 includes: a first reflective sublayer 5-1 and a second reflective sublayer 5-2 located on the side of the first reflective sublayer 5-1 facing away from the first surface S1.

[0148] That is, by setting up a double-layered reflective sublayer to improve the support strength of the second reflective layer.

[0149] In some embodiments, the material of the first reflective sublayer includes silver, and the material of the second reflective sublayer includes molybdenum.

[0150] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, FIG5, and FIG7, the second reflective sublayer 5-2 includes a first opening 501;

[0151] The first reflective sublayer 5-1 includes a third opening 502; the third opening 502 exposes the first groove 101; for example, the orthographic projection of the third opening 502 on the second surface S2 may coincide with the first groove 101.

[0152] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the third opening onto the second surface S2 may fall within the orthographic projection of the first groove onto the second surface S2, i.e., the size of the third opening is smaller than the size of the first groove, and the first sub-reflective layer extends into the area of ​​the first groove.

[0153] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the opening included in the first reflective sublayer coincides with the opening included in the second reflective sublayer in the orthographic projection of the second surface S2. That is, the first opening is an opening that penetrates both the second reflective sublayer and the first reflective sublayer.

[0154] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the second reflective layer 5 is a single layer. This can further reduce the overall thickness of the light-emitting substrate.

[0155] In some embodiments, the material of the single-layer second reflective layer includes silver.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first opening and the third opening are circular or elliptical in shape. Of course, the first opening and the third opening can also be other shapes.

[0157] In some embodiments, the shape of the orthographic projection of the protrusion on the second surface is a circle or a polygon.

[0158] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0159] The light-transmitting filling part 6 is located in the first groove 101 on the side of the protrusion 2 opposite to the bottom of the first groove 101.

[0160] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the light-transmitting filling portion 6 fills at least the first groove 101. In specific implementations, the light-transmitting filling portion 6 may completely fill the first groove 101, or the light-transmitting filling portion 6 may include a portion that fills the first groove 101 and another portion that extends into the first opening 501 of the second reflective layer 5, which is not limited here.

[0161] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the second reflective layer 5 is located on the side of at least a portion of the light-transmitting filling portion 6 away from the first substrate 1, and at least covers a portion of the first surface S1 of the first substrate 1.

[0162] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the light-transmitting filling portion and the refractive index of the first substrate is less than or equal to 0.2. Having a refractive index similar to that of the first substrate helps to avoid a reduction in light efficiency. For example, the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the light-transmitting filling portion and the refractive index of the first substrate is 0.1, 0.15, or 0.2.

[0163] To further reduce light efficiency loss, in some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the light-transmitting filling portion and the refractive index of the first substrate is less than or equal to 0.05.

[0164] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment has an absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the light-transmitting filling portion and the refractive index of the first substrate that is less than or equal to 0.05, that is, the difference in refractive index between the two is small, thereby avoiding a large difference in refractive index between the two leading to a reduction in light efficiency.

[0165] In some embodiments, the material of the light-transmitting filling portion includes at least one of the following: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA), PMMA, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), and PC. That is, the light-transmitting filling portion is a highly transparent material. Based on this, the material of the first substrate includes at least one of the following: glass, polymethyl methacrylate, and polycarbonate. The refractive index difference between the two is small, thereby avoiding a large difference in refractive index that would lead to a decrease in light efficiency.

[0166] In some embodiments, when the material of the first substrate is glass, n is greater than or equal to 1.49 and less than or equal to 1.51; when the material of the first substrate is PMMA, n is greater than or equal to 1.47 and less than or equal to 1.49; when the material of the first substrate is PC, n is greater than or equal to 1.57 and less than or equal to 1.60.

[0167] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2 and FIG9, the light extraction structure 10 includes a plurality of protruding structures (not shown) or a plurality of recessed structures 1001;

[0168] The light extraction structure 10 is located on the side of the second reflective layer 5 facing the first surface S1. The second reflective layer 5 covers a plurality of protruding structures (not shown) or a plurality of recessed structures 1001.

[0169] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment further includes a light-extracting structure having multiple protruding or recessed structures, and a second reflective layer covers the protruding or recessed structures so that the light-extracting structure can receive light reflected from the protruding portion and incident on the light-extracting structure through the first substrate. The light is scattered at the interface between the second reflective layer and the light-extracting structure, thereby further improving the uniformity of the backlight brightness of the light-emitting substrate.

[0170] It should be noted that Figures 2 and 9 are illustrated by taking the light extraction structure 10, which includes multiple recessed structures 1001, as an example.

[0171] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 9, the orthographic projection of the light extraction structure 10 perpendicular to the first surface S1 surrounds the first groove 101.

[0172] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2 and FIG9, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion structure (not shown) or the recess structure 1001 in the direction perpendicular to the first surface S1 is one of the following: a triangle, a part of a circle, or a part of an ellipse.

[0173] Figure 2 illustrates this with an example where the cross-sectional shape of the recessed structure 1001 is a portion of a circle, and Figure 9 illustrates this with an example where the cross-sectional shape of the recessed structure 1001 is a triangle. The cross-sectional shape of the recessed structure 1001, i.e., the morphology of the interface between the second reflective layer and the light extraction structure, and the refractive index of the light extraction structure, affect the emission angle spectrum of the light rays emitted from the interface between the second reflective layer and the light extraction structure. In specific implementations, the cross-sectional shape of the recessed structure can be selected to match the required emission angle spectrum type. Similarly, when the light extraction structure includes multiple protruding structures, the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structures can also be a triangle, a portion of a circle, a portion of an ellipse, etc., and the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structures can be selected to match the required emission angle spectrum type.

[0174] Of course, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the protruding or recessed structure can also be trapezoidal, rectangular, or other shapes.

[0175] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10, the orthographic projection of the protrusion structure (not shown) or recess structure 1001 on the second surface S2 is dot-shaped; the orthographic projections of multiple dot-shaped protrusion structures (not shown) or recess structures 1001 on the second surface S2 surround the first groove 101. That is, the orthographic projection of the protrusion structure (not shown) or recess structure 1001 on the second surface S2 can be dot-shaped. The dot-shaped protrusion structure (not shown) or recess structure 1001 is characterized in that the size difference of its orthographic projection on the second surface S2 in each direction is small. For example, as shown in FIG10, the orthographic projection of the protrusion structure (not shown) or recess structure 1001 on the second surface S2 can be circular; or the orthographic projection of the protrusion structure (not shown) or recess structure 1001 on the second surface can also be an approximately circular ellipse, a square, or an approximately square polygon, etc., which are not limited here. In specific implementations, the height of the protrusion structure or the depth of the recess structure can be set to 1 micrometer (μm) to 15 μm, which are not limited here. The maximum size of the orthographic projection of the recessed structure on the second surface can be set to 2μm to 30μm, and is not limited here. Specifically, the maximum size of the orthographic projection of the protruding or recessed structure on the second surface refers to the size of the orthographic projection of the protruding or recessed structure on the second surface along the direction of maximum diameter. For example, when the orthographic projection of the protruding or recessed structure on the second surface is circular, the maximum size refers to the diameter of the circle; when the orthographic projection of the protruding or recessed structure on the second surface is elliptical, the maximum size refers to the length of the major axis of the ellipse; if the orthographic projection of the protruding or recessed structure on the second surface is a square or other polygon, the maximum size refers to the length of the longest diagonal of the polygon; and so on for other shapes of the orthographic projection of the protruding or recessed structure on the second surface, which will not be elaborated here. In specific implementations, the distance between the orthographic projections of any two adjacent protruding or recessed structures on the second surface can be set to 1μm to 10μm, and is not limited here.

[0176] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the orthographic projection of the protruding structure (not shown) or the recessed structure 1001 on the second surface S2 is strip-shaped. The strip-shaped protruding structure (not shown) or the recessed structure 1001 is characterized in that its orthographic projection on the second surface S2 has a maximum size along a certain direction and a minimum size perpendicular to that direction. For example, the shape of the orthographic projection of the protruding structure (not shown) or the recessed structure 1001 on the second surface S2 can be a rectangle or a polygon with a large difference between its length and width, or an ellipse or a shape with a large difference between its major axis length and its minor axis length, which is not limited here.

[0177] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the shape of the orthographic projection of the protrusion structure (not shown) or the recessed structure 1001 on the second surface S2 can be annular, and the orthographic projection of the first groove 101 on the second surface S2 is located within the annular pattern formed by the orthographic projection of the protrusion structure (not shown) or the recessed structure 1001 on the second surface S2, without limitation.

[0178] In some embodiments, the shape of the orthographic projection of the protrusion or recess on the second surface may be other shapes, which are not limited here.

[0179] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13, the first surface S1 has a light extraction structure 10, for example, the first surface S1 includes a plurality of protrusion structures (not shown) or a plurality of recessed structures 1001.

[0180] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment has a light extraction structure on its first surface, so there is no need to additionally provide a light extraction structure on the first surface. This can reduce the front projection thickness of the light-emitting substrate. Furthermore, since the number of film layers between the light-transmitting substrate and the second reflective layer is reduced, the loss of light during propagation can also be reduced, which is beneficial to improving the light efficiency.

[0181] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the light-emitting substrate further includes a light-transmitting portion 28 located on the side of the first surface S1 facing the light-emitting unit; the light-transmitting portion 28 includes a light-extracting structure 10. This can reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the protruding or recessed structure.

[0182] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting portion 28 on the second surface S2 and the orthographic projection of the first groove 101 on the second surface S2 do not overlap, that is, the area where the light-transmitting portion 28 is disposed avoids the first groove 101.

[0183] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting portion 28 on the second surface S2 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first groove 101 on the second surface S2.

[0184] The light-transmitting filling part 6 is located between the light-transmitting part 28 and the protrusion 2.

[0185] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the first opening 501 is an opening of the second reflective sublayer 5-2 and the first reflective sublayer 5-1.

[0186] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the light-transmitting portion 28 is disposed on the side of the first surface S1 away from the second surface S2.

[0187] In some embodiments, the transmittance of the light-transmitting portion to at least one wavelength of visible light is 30% or more. Preferably, the transmittance of the light-transmitting portion to at least one wavelength of visible light is 50% or more. Preferably, the transmittance of the light-transmitting portion to at least one wavelength of visible light is 60% or more. Preferably, the transmittance of the light-transmitting portion to at least one wavelength of visible light is 80% or more. The transmittance of the light-transmitting portion to at least one wavelength of visible light can be measured by the following method: after at least one light-emitting unit is lit, the ratio of the total luminous flux of light emitted from the surface of the light-transmitting portion away from the light-emitting side of the light-transmitting unit to the sum of the luminous flux of the lit light-emitting units is taken as the transmittance of the light-transmitting portion to at least one wavelength of visible light.

[0188] In some embodiments, the material of the light-transmitting portion includes a light-transmitting organic adhesive.

[0189] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the material of the light-transmitting portion includes a light-transmitting resin.

[0190] It should be noted that if light rays, after being incident on the first substrate, do not oscillate and exit directly from the second surface of the first substrate without reaching the light extraction structure, this portion of light cannot become waveguide light within the first substrate. In other words, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit does not achieve 100% coupling into the first substrate, which leads to light leakage and affects the light emission uniformity of the light-emitting substrate.

[0191] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, in the cross section, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment 19 or the straight line connecting them (not shown) and the second surface S2 (i.e., the angle between the first reflective surface 2-1 and the second surface S2) is greater than or equal to θ2, wherein 19.5°≤θ2≤21.5°. This prevents incident light from exiting directly without reaching the light extraction structure, improving light coupling efficiency. Furthermore, it ensures that the light incident on the first substrate, after reflection by the first reflective layer, is all waveguide light within the first substrate, preventing light leakage and improving the brightness uniformity of the light-emitting substrate.

[0192] In some embodiments, in the cross section, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines and the second surface is greater than or equal to 21°.

[0193] In some embodiments, θc can be defined as the critical emission angle of the first substrate 1. n is the refractive index of the first substrate 1. That is, θ1 is greater than or equal to θ1.

[0194] The light-emitting substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure This avoids light incident on the first substrate from being emitted directly without reaching the light extraction structure, thus improving the light coupling efficiency. As a result, the light incident on the first substrate is reflected by the first reflective layer and becomes waveguide light within the first substrate, avoiding light leakage and improving the brightness uniformity of the light-emitting substrate.

[0195] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 2, when the angle between the ray C1 reaching the second surface S2 and the normal of the second surface S2 is greater than θc, the ray will undergo total internal reflection at the second surface S2 and will not exit directly from the second surface S2. When the ray < θc is incident on the first substrate 1, as shown in Figure 15, assuming its incident angle relative to the normal of the emitting surface is θ5, due to the setting of the protrusion 2, which includes a first inclined surface 25, the angle between the first inclined surface 25 and the surface parallel to the second surface (not shown) is equal to θ1. Then the incident angle of the incident ray relative to the normal f2 of the first inclined surface 25 is θ6 = θ5 + θ1, and the reflection angle is θ7 = -θ5 - θ1. At this time, its reflection angle relative to the emitting surface, i.e., the second surface ( The obtuse angle of the normal f1 (not shown) is θ8 = -θ5 - 2θ1. This reflected ray will point to the second surface (not shown). After being reflected by the first inclined surface 25, the ray reaching the second surface has an incident angle of θ9 = π - θ5 - 2θ1 relative to the normal of the second surface S2. To prevent the ray from exiting without passing through the light extraction structure, it is necessary to satisfy π - θc ≥ π - θ5 - 2θ1 ≥ θc; the minimum angle of θ5 is 0°, and the maximum angle of θ5 approaches θc. Therefore, we can obtain...

[0196] That is, the light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment satisfies θ1: This design prevents light reflected from the protrusions from bypassing the light extraction structure and emitting directly from the second surface S2, thus improving the uniformity of the emitted light from the light-emitting substrate and preventing light leakage at wide viewing angles. When the light-emitting substrate is used in display products, even when viewed at wide viewing angles, there will be no hot spot phenomenon caused by uneven brightness, improving the viewing experience.

[0197] In some embodiments, when the material of the first substrate is glass, n is greater than or equal to 1.49 and less than or equal to 1.51; when the material of the first substrate is PMMA, n is greater than or equal to 1.47 and less than or equal to 1.49; when the material of the first substrate is PC, n is greater than or equal to 1.57 and less than or equal to 1.60.

[0198] In some embodiments, 39° ≤ θc ≤ 43°. For example, θc = 42°.

[0199] In some embodiments, in the cross section, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines and the second surface is 21°.

[0200] It should be noted that the larger the angle θ1, the greater the thickness of the protrusion and the greater the processing difficulty.

[0201] In some embodiments, to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the protrusion...

[0202] In some embodiments, to further reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the protrusion and ensure its strength, For example, when θc = 42°, 21° ≤ θ1 ≤ 28°.

[0203] In some embodiments, to prevent light leakage due to process errors, In this way, even if there are process deviations that cause the actual angle of θ1 to be smaller than the design angle during actual manufacturing, the actual θ1 can still be guaranteed to meet the design angle because process deviations have been taken into account. This can prevent light rays incident on the first substrate from exiting directly without reaching the light extraction structure, thus improving the light coupling efficiency.

[0204] In some embodiments, to prevent light leakage due to process errors, it can be further configured as follows:

[0205] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 16, in the cross-section and in the direction parallel to the second surface S2, half the width Q1 of the first opening satisfies:

[0206] Where Q2 is half the width of the first inclined surface 25 in the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface S2, H1 is the maximum distance between the bottom of the protrusion 2 and the first opening in the cross section, and 39°≤θ3≤43°.

[0207] In some embodiments, in the cross-section and in the direction parallel to the second surface S2, half the width Q1 of the first opening satisfies:

[0208] It should be noted that Q1 and Q2 satisfy the triangular relationship shown in Figure 16, which is constructed based on the first inclined surface of the protrusion 2. In this triangular relationship, the triangles corresponding to Q1 and Q2 are similar.

[0209] In some embodiments, θ3 = θc; Furthermore, For example, 39°≤θc≤43°.

[0210] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the first reflective surface 2-1 is a first inclined surface 25, that is, the first reflective surface 2-1 is inclined relative to the second surface S2.

[0211] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the orthographic projections of the first inclined surface 25 and the first reflective surface 2-1 onto the second surface S2 surround the geometric center M1, that is, the surface on the side of the protrusion 2 facing away from the second surface S2 is the first reflective surface 2-1. When the target line segments 19 are all straight lines 1901, the first reflective surface 2-1 is a conical surface, that is, the first reflective surface 2-1 is the surface of a cone or a pyramid. When a portion of the target line segments 19 are target curve segments 1902, the first reflective surface 2-1 is an approximate conical surface with an arc surface, specifically, it can be an approximate conical surface with an arc surface or an approximate pyramidal surface with an arc surface. This can improve light utilization and thus improve the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting substrate.

[0212] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, when the surface of the protrusion 2 facing away from the second surface S2 is a first reflective surface 2-1, and the first reflective surface 2-1 is a first inclined surface 25, the maximum width of the protrusion 2 in the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface S2 is L1.

[0213] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, the geometric center M1 is located inside the orthographic projection of the first reflective surface 2-1 outside the first inclined surface 25 onto the second surface S2; that is, the first reflective surface 2-1 is a part of a conical surface or an approximately conical surface with an arc surface.

[0214] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, the first reflective surface 2-1 further includes: a first plane 20 connected to the first inclined surface 25, wherein the plane containing the highest point of the first plane 20 is parallel to the plane containing the highest point of the first surface S1.

[0215] The geometric center M1 is located inside the orthographic projection of the first plane 20 onto the second surface.

[0216] That is, the protruding part is a frustum-shaped structure with inclined sides. For example, a frustum-shaped structure.

[0217] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment includes a first plane on the first reflective surface and a platform-shaped structure with inclined side surfaces. This allows the width of the protrusion to be increased while ensuring that the protrusion has a first inclined surface, i.e., the area occupied by the protrusion is increased. Correspondingly, the area of ​​the first opening can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the light efficiency.

[0218] It should be noted that the first plane, the second surface, the portion of the first surface excluding the first groove (excluding the light-extracting structure), the first groove (including the light-extracting structure), and the portion outside the light-extracting structure are all flat surfaces. A flat surface, ideally, includes a plane and / or a smoothly transitioning curved surface. Ideally, the plane formed by the highest points of the flat surface is defined as the surface of the flat surface. The first plane, the second surface, and the first surface are parallel to the first direction X.

[0219] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, the base portion 201 includes a second plane 29 corresponding to the first plane 20, and the highest point of the second plane 29 away from the second surface S2 is located on the same plane as the highest point of the first surface S1 away from the second surface S2. This reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the protrusion.

[0220] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, the second plane 29 is a flat surface.

[0221] Ideally, the second plane includes a plane and / or a smoothly transitioned curved surface. The highest point of the second plane 29 is located on the same plane as the highest point of the first surface S1, that is, the flat surface corresponding to the second plane is located on the same plane as the flat surface corresponding to the first surface.

[0222] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, in the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, the maximum width of the first plane 20 is less than the width of the first opening 501.

[0223] The orthographic projection of the first plane 20 onto the second surface S2 falls inside the orthographic projection of the first opening 501 onto the second surface S2.

[0224] That is, the orthographic projection of the second reflective layer 5 on the second surface S2 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first plane 20 on the second surface S2.

[0225] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, in the cross-section and in the direction parallel to the second surface S2, the width Q3 of the first plane 20 is greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 20 micrometers. This avoids the first plane being too large to be visible, thus preventing it from affecting the display effect.

[0226] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 17

[0227] In some embodiments, the minimum value of H1 is the thickness of the protrusion. That is, the distance between the highest point of the protrusion facing the light-emitting unit and the second reflective layer can be 0.

[0228] In some embodiments, Q2×2 is 150 micrometers, and when θc=42°, H1 is the thickness of the protrusion, Q1×2 is 60 micrometers.

[0229] In some embodiments, Q2×2 is 700 micrometers, and when θc=42°, H1 is the thickness of the protrusion, Q1×2 is 280 micrometers.

[0230] In some embodiments, the angular bandgap of half the width of the first opening relative to the light source is shown in Figures 18 and 19. In Figure 18, θ1 is 45°, and in Figure 19, θ1 is 21°. It is necessary to ensure that the angle at which the light emitted by the light-emitting device reaches the first opening is outside the angular bandgap; otherwise, light leakage will occur. When θ1 is 45°, Q2 is 150 micrometers, and Q1 is greater than 0 micrometers and less than or equal to 270 micrometers, setting the first tilted surface can improve the light coupling efficiency. When θ1 is 21°, Q2 is 150 micrometers, and Q1 is greater than or equal to 50 micrometers and less than or equal to 200 micrometers, setting the first tilted surface can also improve the light coupling efficiency.

[0231] In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit is used to provide a backlight source. The light-emitting unit includes at least a light-emitting portion; the light-emitting portion can be a light-emitting diode (LED), a mini light-emitting diode (Mini LED), or a micro light-emitting diode (Micro LED), etc. The main difference between LEDs, Mini LEDs, and Micro LEDs lies in their size. LEDs typically have a planar dimension greater than 200 micrometers (μm), Mini LEDs typically have a planar dimension between 50 μm and 200 μm, and Micro LEDs typically have a planar dimension less than 50 μm. The light-emitting unit can also use light-emitting devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which are not limited here.

[0232] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG20, the light-emitting portion 301 includes: a semiconductor epitaxial layer 3011 and a first conductive layer 3012 located on the side of the semiconductor epitaxial layer 3011 facing the first substrate (not shown).

[0233] The semiconductor epitaxial layer 3011 includes: a first doped semiconductor layer 30111, a multiple quantum well layer 30112, and a second doped semiconductor layer 30113 stacked together;

[0234] The light-emitting unit 3 further includes: a light-emitting unit connection terminal 304; the light-emitting unit connection terminal 304 includes: a first connection terminal 3041 and a second connection terminal 3042; the first connection terminal 3041 is electrically connected to the first doped semiconductor layer 30111, and the second connection terminal 3042 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 3012.

[0235] It should be noted that the effective light-emitting region corresponding to the semiconductor epitaxial layer 3011 is defined as the effective region of the light-emitting part 301. When the light-emitting side of the light-emitting part does not include other light modulation structures, the light-emitting region of the light-emitting part is the light-emitting region of the light-emitting unit. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the region A1 corresponding to the surface of the second doped semiconductor layer 30113 facing the first conductive layer 3012 is the light-emitting region of the light-emitting part 301.

[0236] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0237] A driving circuit layer 8 is disposed on the first substrate 1. The driving circuit layer 8 includes a plurality of driving circuit connection terminals 801. The driving circuit connection terminals 801 are electrically connected to the light-emitting unit connection terminal 304.

[0238] In some embodiments, the plurality of drive circuit connection terminals include: a plurality of third connection terminals and a plurality of fourth connection terminals; the third connection terminals are electrically connected to the first connection terminal, and the fourth connection terminals are electrically connected to the second connection terminal.

[0239] Thus, by providing a driving signal to the light-emitting part through the driving circuit layer, the light-emitting part can be driven to emit light.

[0240] In some embodiments, the light-emitting part emits blue light, and the light-emitting part includes a gallium nitride (GaN) material system; the material of the first doped semiconductor layer includes N-type gallium nitride (N-GaN), and the material of the second doped semiconductor layer includes P-type gallium nitride (P-GaN).

[0241] In practice, the semiconductor epitaxial layer can be grown on the substrate, and after the light-emitting part is fabricated, the substrate can be peeled off, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the light-emitting substrate.

[0242] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG20, the light-emitting unit 3 further includes a substrate 303 located on the side of the semiconductor epitaxial layer 3011 opposite to the first conductive layer 3012.

[0243] In some embodiments, the thickness of the substrate is less than or equal to 100 micrometers.

[0244] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG20, the light-emitting unit 3 further includes: an insulating layer 305 located on the side of the semiconductor epitaxial layer 3011 away from the substrate 303;

[0245] A portion of the edge of the semiconductor epitaxial layer 3011 includes only the first doped semiconductor layer 30111, and this portion of the first doped semiconductor layer 30111 is covered by the insulating layer 305.

[0246] Insulating layer 305 is used to isolate the first conductive layer 3012 from the first doped semiconductor layer 30111;

[0247] The first connection terminal 3041 is electrically connected to the first doped semiconductor layer 30111 through a via penetrating the insulating layer 305.

[0248] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, and 21-23, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0249] Color conversion structure 4.

[0250] In the light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment, a color conversion structure is used to convert the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit into the desired color. The color conversion structure can be made of fluorescent material or quantum dot material, and is not limited thereto. For example, the light-emitting unit can be a blue LED, and the color conversion structure can be made of quantum dot material. The color conversion structure can convert the blue light emitted by the light-emitting unit into white light for backlighting.

[0251] Of course, in some embodiments, the light-emitting unit can also be a white LED, which can directly emit white light and does not require a color conversion structure.

[0252] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, 21, and 22, the color conversion structure 4 is located on the side of the protrusion 2 away from the first substrate 1. Specifically, the color conversion structure 4 is located between the protrusion 2 and the light-emitting unit 3.

[0253] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, and 17, the color conversion structure 4 is located at least between the second reflective layer 5 and the light-emitting unit 3; the orthographic projection of the first opening 502 onto the second surface S2 falls within the orthographic projection of the color conversion structure 4 onto the second surface S2. This prevents light emitted by the light-emitting unit from passing through the first opening without going through the color conversion structure.

[0254] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, 21, and 22, the distance between the surface of the color conversion structure 4 facing the second surface S2 and the second surface S2 is greater than or equal to the distance between the surface of the second reflective layer 5 facing the second surface S2 and the second surface S2.

[0255] It should be noted that in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, and 17, the distance between the surface of the color conversion structure 4 facing the second surface S2 and the second surface S2 is greater than the distance between the surface of the second reflective layer 5 facing the second surface S2 and the second surface S2. In Figures 21 and 22, the distance between the surface of the color conversion structure 4 facing the second surface S2 and the second surface S2 is equal to the distance between the surface of the second reflective layer 5 facing the second surface S2 and the second surface S2.

[0256] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, and 17, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0257] The first planarization layer 9 is located on the side of the second reflective layer 5 away from the first substrate 1; the orthographic projection of the first planarization layer 9 on the second surface S2 covers at least a portion of the second reflective layer 5 and the orthographic projection of the first opening 501 on the second surface S2.

[0258] The color conversion structure 4 is located on the side of the first planarization layer 9 that is away from the second reflective layer 5.

[0259] In some embodiments, the material of the first planarization layer can be, for example, a material that does not easily absorb light. For example, it can be glass, resin, or the material of the organic encapsulation layer in an OLED panel.

[0260] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0261] The first planarization layer is located within the first opening; the color conversion structure is located on the side of the second reflective layer and the first planarization layer facing away from the first substrate.

[0262] In some embodiments, the color conversion structure is in direct contact with the second reflective layer and the first planarization layer.

[0263] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, the color conversion structure 4 includes a portion located between the second reflective layer 5 and the light-emitting unit 3 and a portion located within the first opening 501. Within the first opening 501, the color conversion structure 4 is located on the side of the light-transmitting filling portion 6 opposite to the protrusion 2.

[0264] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, the color conversion structure 4 is in direct contact with the second reflective layer 5.

[0265] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, 21, and 22, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0266] The barrier structure 30 is located on the side of the second reflective layer 5 away from the first substrate 1; the barrier structure 30 surrounds the color conversion structure 4.

[0267] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, 21, and 22, the distance from the surface of the retaining wall structure 30 away from the second surface S2 to the second surface S2 is greater than the distance from the surface of the color conversion structure 4 away from the second surface S2 to the second surface S2. Therefore, the retaining wall structure 30 can limit the movement of the color conversion structure 4, reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the color conversion structure 4 and preventing the color conversion structure from overflowing.

[0268] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, and 17, the retaining wall structure 30 is located on the side of the first flat layer 9 that is away from the first substrate 1.

[0269] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, the retaining wall structure 30 is in contact with the second reflective layer 5.

[0270] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, 21, and 22, the light-emitting substrate further includes:

[0271] The second encapsulation layer 27 covers the color conversion structure 4 and the barrier structure 30 on the side of the color conversion structure 4 and the barrier structure 30 that is away from the second reflective layer 5.

[0272] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment further includes a second encapsulation layer covering the color conversion structure. This second encapsulation layer protects the color conversion structure and reduces the risk of failure caused by water and oxygen erosion. The second encapsulation layer can be a single-layer or multi-layer structure, and this is not limited thereto.

[0273] In some embodiments, the second encapsulation layer also covers the first planarization layer.

[0274] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, the second encapsulation layer 27 also covers the second reflective layer 5.

[0275] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the color conversion structure 4 is located on the side of the second surface S2 away from the first surface S1.

[0276] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG19, the light-emitting substrate further includes: an adhesive layer 30; the color conversion structure 4 is connected to the first substrate 1 through the adhesive layer 30.

[0277] It should be noted that only one light-emitting unit 3 is shown in Figure 23. In a specific implementation, the light-emitting substrate includes multiple light-emitting units 3 arranged in an array, and the color conversion structure 4 can be connected to the first substrate 1 by means of frame bonding, that is, the color conversion structure 4 is connected to the first substrate 1 through an adhesive layer 30 in the edge area.

[0278] In some embodiments, the color conversion structure comprises quantum dot materials.

[0279] In some embodiments, the color conversion structure further includes scattering particles. This facilitates the emission of blue light that has not reacted with the quantum dot material and the excited red and green light with the same angular brightness distribution, eliminating visual angular bias and achieving spatial uniformity of light emission.

[0280] In some embodiments, when the color conversion structure is located on the side of the second surface away from the first surface, the color conversion structure is a quantum dot enhancement film (QDEF) comprising quantum dot material.

[0281] In some embodiments, when the light-emitting part is a blue LED, the peak wavelength of the blue LED is greater than or equal to 450 nanometers and less than or equal to 470 nanometers, so as to efficiently excite the color conversion of the quantum dot material.

[0282] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 24 to 27, the light-emitting unit 3 further includes:

[0283] A light modulation structure 302 is located on the side of the light-emitting part 301 facing the first substrate 1;

[0284] The light modulation structure 302 is used to narrow the light emitted from the light-emitting part 301.

[0285] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment narrows the light emitted from the light-emitting part by setting a light modulation structure, so that the light can more easily pass through the light extraction structure and become waveguide light after entering and reaching the first substrate and the protrusion, thus avoiding light leakage.

[0286] In some embodiments, the light modulation structure is used to make the light emission angle θi of the light-emitting unit less than or equal to θ4, wherein 39°≤θ4≤43°.

[0287] It should be noted that the light emission angle θi of the light-emitting unit 3 is the angle between the emitted ray and the normal to the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part 301. The maximum light emission angle of the light-emitting unit 3 is defined as θim, the angle of the ray emitted by the light-emitting unit 3 along the normal direction is θ0 = 0°, the light intensity of the light-emitting unit is strongest at θ0, and the angle at which the light intensity is half of the light intensity of θ0 is θim.

[0288] In some embodiments, θ4 = θc; that is, the light modulation structure is used to make the light emission angle θi of the light-emitting unit less than or equal to θc.

[0289] It should be noted that when no color conversion structure is set between the light-emitting unit and the first opening, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the angle at which the light emitted by the light-emitting device reaches the first opening must be outside the angular bandgap to avoid light leakage, that is, θi is less than or equal to θc.

[0290] The light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure has a light modulation structure that makes θi less than or equal to θc, thereby ensuring that the angle at which the light reaches the first opening is within the angular bandgap. This allows the light to enter the first substrate and the protrusion and then become waveguide light through the light extraction structure, thus avoiding light leakage.

[0291] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure 302 on the second surface S2 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part on the second surface S2.

[0292] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface S2 falls within the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure 302 onto the second surface S2.

[0293] In some embodiments, a portion of the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure onto the second surface surrounds the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface.

[0294] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the edge of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface falls within the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure onto the second surface. That is, a portion of the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure onto the second surface surrounds the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface.

[0295] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the edge of the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure on the second surface coincides with the edge of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part on the second surface within an acceptable error range.

[0296] In some embodiments, the optical modulation structure is one of the following: a distributed Bragg reflection structure, an aperture stop, or a Fresnel lens.

[0297] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the distributed Bragg reflection structure and the Fresnel lens on the second surface at least covers the orthographic projection of the emitting surface of the light-emitting part on the second surface. The aperture stop includes a second opening, and the orthographic projection of the second opening and the non-opening region of the aperture stop on the second surface at least covers the orthographic projection of the emitting surface of the light-emitting part on the second surface.

[0298] It should be noted that the second opening is also part of the aperture stop, that is, the second opening of the aperture stop and the area outside the second opening are considered as the whole of the light modulation structure. In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface S2 falls into the second opening of the aperture stop and the area outside the second opening is within the orthographic projection of the second surface S2.

[0299] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the second opening onto the second surface falls within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface; a portion of the orthographic projection of the region outside the second opening onto the second surface surrounds the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface. Alternatively, the edge of the orthographic projection of the region outside the second opening onto the second surface coincides with the edge of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface within an allowable error range.

[0300] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG24, the optical modulation structure 302 is a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) structure 3021;

[0301] The DBR structure 3021 includes a multilayer sub-dielectric film 31 stacked together. The multilayer sub-dielectric film 31 includes a first type of sub-dielectric film 3101 and a second type of sub-dielectric film 3102. The first type of sub-dielectric film 3101 and the second type of sub-dielectric film 3102 are made of different materials, and the first type of sub-dielectric film 3101 and the second type of sub-dielectric film 3102 are alternately arranged in the thickness direction of the DBR structure 3021.

[0302] It should be noted that the principle of the DBR structure is based on the interference effect of light. When light passes through thin film layers with different refractive indices, the light reflected back from each layer undergoes a change in phase angle, forming interference and ultimately producing strong reflection. When the light emission angle is greater than θc, the transmittance of the light emitted from the light-emitting part in the DBR structure is 0; when the light emission angle is less than or equal to θc, the transmittance of the light emitted from the light-emitting part in the DBR structure is greater than 0.

[0303] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first type of sub-dielectric film is greater than that of the second type of sub-dielectric film; the first type of sub-dielectric film is in contact with the light-emitting part, and the sub-dielectric film furthest from the light-emitting device is the second type of sub-dielectric film.

[0304] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first type of sub-dielectric film is greater than 2.1, and the refractive index of the second type of sub-dielectric film is less than the refractive index of the light-transmitting substrate. For example, when the refractive index of the light-transmitting substrate is 1.5, the refractive index of the second type of sub-dielectric film is less than 1.5.

[0305] In some embodiments, the material of the first type of sub-dielectric film is at least one of niobium oxide, titanium oxide, and silicon nitride, and the material of the second type of sub-dielectric film is silicon oxide or magnesium fluoride.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first type of sub-dielectric film is in contact with the light-emitting part, and the sub-dielectric film furthest from the light-emitting part is the second type of sub-dielectric film.

[0307] In practical implementation, the number and thickness of the sub-dielectric films included in the DBR structure can be set according to actual needs.

[0308] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG24, the orthographic projection of the DBR structure 3021 on the second surface S2 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first groove 101 and the protrusion 202 on the second surface S2.

[0309] The orthographic projection of the DBR structure 3021 onto the second surface S2 covers the orthographic projection of the first opening 501 onto the second surface S2.

[0310] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG24, the orthographic projections of the DBR structure 3021 and the light-emitting unit connection terminal 304 on the second surface S2 do not overlap. That is, the DBR structure 3021 avoids the light-emitting unit connection terminal 304, thus preventing interference with the contact between the light-emitting unit connection terminal 304 and the driving circuit layer 8.

[0311] In some embodiments, the DBR structure at least covers the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting part. For example, the DBR structure may only cover the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting part. Alternatively, the DBR structure may cover not only the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting part, but also the area of ​​the light-emitting part outside the light-emitting area and outside the light-emitting unit connection end.

[0312] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, the optical modulation structure 302 is an aperture stop 3022;

[0313] The aperture stop 3022 includes a second opening 30221, the second opening 30221 having an overlap with the orthographic projection of the protrusion 202 on the second surface S2.

[0314] In some embodiments, the aperture stop includes multiple sub-aperture stops stacked together; each sub-aperture stop in the multiple sub-aperture stops includes a sub-opening, and the sub-openings of the multiple sub-aperture stops coincide on the orthographic projection of the second surface, that is, the sub-openings of the multiple sub-aperture stops form a second opening.

[0315] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, the orthographic projection of the aperture stop 3022 on the second surface S2 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first groove 101 on the second surface S2; the orthographic projection of the second opening 30221 on the second surface S2 overlaps with the orthographic projections of the first opening 501 and the protrusion 202 on the second surface S2.

[0316] It should be noted that the number of layers of the subspace aperture and the size of the second opening need to satisfy that the exit angle θi of the light emitted from the second opening is less than or equal to θc. In specific implementations, the width of the second opening can be greater than the width of the first opening, i.e., the orthographic projection of the first opening on the second surface falls within the orthographic projection of the second opening on the second surface. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 25, the width of the first opening 501 is greater than the width of the second opening 30221, and the orthographic projection of the second opening 30221 on the second surface S2 falls within the orthographic projection of the first opening 501 on the second surface S2. Of course, in specific implementations, it is also possible that the width of the second opening is equal to the width of the first opening, and the orthographic projections of the first opening on the second surface and the second opening on the second surface coincide.

[0317] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, the aperture stop 3022 and the light-emitting unit connection end 304 do not overlap in their orthographic projections on the second surface S2. That is, the aperture stop 3022 avoids the light-emitting unit connection end 304, so as to avoid affecting the contact between the light-emitting unit connection end 304 and the driving circuit layer 8.

[0318] In some embodiments, the aperture stop is located on the side of the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting part facing the first substrate.

[0319] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 26 and 27, the light modulation structure 302 is a Fresnel lens 3023.

[0320] In Figures 26 and 27, the angle between the sawtooth groove of the Fresnel lens 3023 and the normal f4 of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part 301 is different, resulting in different ranges of the exit angle θi of the light rays emitted from the Fresnel lens 3023. Figures 26 and 27 respectively show the maximum exit angle θim of the light rays emitted from the Fresnel lens 3023, that is, the θim corresponding to Figures 26 and 27 are different.

[0321] It should be noted that when the maximum emission angle θim of the emitted light from the light modulation structure is different, the angle θ1 between the corresponding straight segment or line connecting the protrusion and the second surface is also different.

[0322] In some embodiments, the larger the maximum emission angle θim of the light emitted from the light modulation structure, the smaller the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines and the second surface. Taking a Fresnel lens as an example, the θim in Figure 26 is smaller than the θim corresponding to Figure 27, and the θ1 in Figure 26 is larger than the θ1 corresponding to Figure 27.

[0323] In practice, the ranges of θ1 and θi can be set by comprehensively considering factors such as the manufacturing difficulty of the protrusion, the size of the protrusion, and the size of the first opening.

[0324] It should be noted that Figures 24 and 25 illustrate the case where the protrusion 202 is a conical or pyramidal structure, meaning the first reflective surface (not shown) is a first inclined surface. Figures 26 and 27 illustrate the case where the protrusion 202 is a frustum-shaped structure, meaning the first reflective surface (not shown) includes both the first inclined surface and the first plane. In specific implementations, regardless of whether the first reflective surface includes the first plane, when it is necessary to set a light modulation structure to modulate the light emission angle of the light-emitting unit, the light modulation structure can be selected from a distributed Bragg reflection structure, an aperture stop, or a Fresnel lens.

[0325] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 24-27, when the light-emitting unit 3 includes a light modulation structure 302 and a color conversion structure 4 is required, the color conversion structure 4 is located on the side of the second surface S2 away from the first surface S1. This avoids the color conversion structure affecting the angle of light incident from the first opening and prevents light leakage.

[0326] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, and 24-27, the light-emitting substrate further includes a first encapsulation layer 7. The first encapsulation layer 7 at least covers the light-emitting unit 3. The first encapsulation layer 7 is disposed across its entire surface, thereby protecting the light-emitting unit 3 and other film layers. Specifically, the first encapsulation layer 7 can be made of materials with high reflectivity, such as white oil or white glue, to reflect light into the first opening, thereby improving light utilization. No limitation is made here.

[0327] The light-emitting substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure may also include other structures necessary to achieve specific functions. These structures can be fabricated according to actual conditions during implementation and are not limited herein. The structures of the above embodiments of this disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict, and the resulting structures will not be described in detail here.

[0328] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2, 5, 7-9, 13, 14, 17, and 24-27, the light-emitting unit 3, the first groove 101, the protrusion 2, and the first opening 501 correspond one-to-one. The structure shown in Figure 2 can be regarded as a light-emitting structure.

[0329] In some embodiments, when the color conversion structure is located between the second reflective layer and the light-emitting unit, the light-emitting unit and the color resist structure correspond one-to-one.

[0330] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG28, the light-emitting substrate includes a plurality of light-emitting structures 16, that is, the light-emitting substrate includes a plurality of light-emitting units 3, a plurality of first grooves 101, and a plurality of protrusions 2.

[0331] In some embodiments, when the color conversion structure is located between the second reflective layer and the light-emitting unit, the light-emitting substrate includes a plurality of color conversion structures.

[0332] In some embodiments, the first substrates of multiple light-emitting units are integrally connected; or, the multiple light-emitting units are independent components, and the first substrates of each light-emitting unit are spliced ​​together to form a backlight substrate as a whole.

[0333] In some embodiments, when the color conversion structure is located on the side of the second surface away from the first surface, the color conversion structure may cover multiple light-emitting units, for example. That is, the color conversion structures corresponding to multiple light-emitting units are integrally connected.

[0334] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a method for preparing a light-emitting substrate, as shown in FIG29, including:

[0335] S101. A first substrate is provided; the first substrate includes: a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the side of the second surface away from the first surface is the light-emitting side of the light-emitting substrate;

[0336] S102. A first groove is formed on the first surface of the first substrate, and a protrusion located at the bottom of the first groove is formed within the first groove; in a cross section passing through the geometric center of the protrusion projected onto the second surface and along the thickness direction of the first substrate, the width of the protrusion in the first direction is a first width, and the first width gradually increases in the direction from the first surface to the second surface, wherein the first direction is a direction located in the cross section and parallel to the first substrate; the protrusion includes a first reflective surface, the first reflective surface being at least a portion of the surface located on the side of the protrusion away from the second surface, the first reflective surface including a first inclined surface, and the clamping between the first inclined surface and the second surface... The angle is greater than 0°. The orthographic projection of the first inclined surface on the second surface surrounds the geometric center, or the geometric center is located inside the orthographic projection of the first reflecting surface on the second surface, which is outside the first inclined surface. The first reflecting surface appears as two opposing target line segments in the cross section. The target line segments are all straight lines, or they are all curved lines, or one of the target line segments is a straight line and the other is a curved line. The target curved line segment has a first endpoint and a second endpoint. The distance between any point on the target curved line segment and the straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint is less than 1 / 11 of the length of the straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint.

[0337] S103. A light extraction structure is formed on the first surface or on the side of the first surface away from the second surface;

[0338] S104. A light-emitting unit is provided on the side of the protrusion that is away from the first substrate.

[0339] The method for preparing the light-emitting substrate provided in this embodiment has the same or similar technical effects as the light-emitting substrate provided in any of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0340] In some embodiments, when the protrusion includes a base portion and a first reflective layer, and the base portion and the first substrate are integral structures made of the same material, a first groove is formed on the first surface of the first substrate, and a protrusion located at the bottom of the first groove is formed within the first groove, as shown in FIG30, specifically including:

[0341] S1021. The first base 1 is patterned to form a first groove 101, and a base portion 201 with a second inclined surface 26 is formed at the bottom of the first groove 101.

[0342] S1022, A first reflective layer 202 is formed on the side of the substrate 201 away from the second surface.

[0343] In some embodiments, the first substrate is patterned, specifically including etching the first substrate (not shown) using a mask 33 with gradient etching openings 3301 as shown in FIG. 31. In the direction away from the center of the substrate portion, the opening width of at least part of the etching opening 3301 gradually increases, so that more of the first substrate is removed in the first groove in the area with the larger etching opening, and the thickness of the remaining substrate portion is smaller, ultimately forming a substrate portion with a second inclined surface 26.

[0344] It should be noted that only a portion of the mask 33 is shown in Figure 31. The opening width of the etched opening 3301 in the area where the second inclined surface needs to be formed is set in a gradually changing manner.

[0345] By using an etching opening with a gradient, whether forming a frustum structure or a cone, pyramid, or other structure with an inclined surface, the first substrate can be etched to form an inclined plane within the allowable error range.

[0346] Alternatively, in some embodiments, when the protrusion includes a base portion and a first reflective layer, and the base portion and the first substrate are independent structures, as shown in FIG32, a protrusion 2 located at the bottom of the first groove 101 is formed within the first groove 101, specifically including:

[0347] S1021. Material of the base portion 201 is filled into the first groove 101 to form a base layer 23;

[0348] S1022. The substrate layer 23 is patterned to form the pattern of the substrate part 201;

[0349] S1023. A first reflective layer 202 is formed on the side of the substrate 201 opposite to the bottom of the first groove 101.

[0350] It should be noted that Figure 32 is illustrated by taking the example of the protrusion 2 including the base portion 201 and the first reflective layer 202, and the base portion 201 being formed independently of the first substrate 1.

[0351] Alternatively, in some embodiments, a protrusion located at the bottom of the first groove is formed within the first groove, specifically including:

[0352] Metal material is filled into the first groove to form a metal layer;

[0353] The metal layer is patterned to form protrusions.

[0354] In some embodiments, after the protrusion is formed, as shown in FIG33, the method further includes:

[0355] S201, fill the first groove 101 with the light-transmitting filling part 6;

[0356] S202, forming the light extraction structure 10;

[0357] S203. A second reflective layer 5 is formed on the side of the light extraction structure 10 and the light-transmitting filling portion 6 away from the first substrate 1.

[0358] S204. A first opening 501 is formed in the second reflective layer 5.

[0359] It should be noted that Figure 33 illustrates the example of a light extraction structure 10 formed on the first surface S1 with multiple recessed structures 1001. In some embodiments, if the light extraction structure is disposed on the first surface, a light-transmitting film is formed on the side of the first surface away from the second surface, and then the light-transmitting film is patterned to form the light extraction structure.

[0360] It should be noted that the second reflective layer 5 in Figure 33 is illustrated by example as a single layer. In some embodiments, when the second reflective layer includes a first reflective sublayer and a second reflective sublayer, the first reflective sublayer is formed first and a third opening is formed in the first reflective sublayer, and then the second reflective sublayer is formed on the side of the first reflective sublayer away from the first surface.

[0361] In some embodiments, after forming the second reflective layer, the method further includes:

[0362] A barrier structure and a color conversion structure are formed on the side of the second reflective layer away from the first substrate.

[0363] Alternatively, in some embodiments, after forming the second reflective layer, the method further includes:

[0364] A first flat layer is formed on the side of the second reflective layer opposite to the first substrate.

[0365] In some embodiments, after forming the first planarization layer, the method further includes:

[0366] A retaining wall structure and a color conversion structure are formed on the side of the first flat layer away from the first substrate.

[0367] In some embodiments, after forming the color conversion structure, the method further includes:

[0368] A second encapsulation layer is formed on the side of the color conversion structure and the barrier structure that is away from the second reflective layer 5.

[0369] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the method further includes forming a color conversion structure on the side of the second surface opposite to the first surface.

[0370] Specifically, a color conversion structure can be attached to the side of the second surface opposite to the first surface. In some embodiments, the color conversion structure can be connected to the first substrate by a frame-attachment method, that is, the color conversion structure is connected to the first substrate by an adhesive layer in the edge area of ​​the color conversion structure.

[0371] In some embodiments, the method further includes forming a driving circuit on the side of the first planarization layer opposite to the first substrate. The composition of the driving circuit is described in the previous embodiment of the light-emitting substrate and will not be repeated here.

[0372] An embodiment of this disclosure provides a display module, as shown in FIG34, including a liquid crystal display panel 17 and a light-emitting substrate 34 provided in this embodiment of the disclosure; the light-emitting substrate is a backlight panel of the liquid crystal display panel 17;

[0373] The liquid crystal display panel 17 is located on the side of the first substrate 1 of the light-emitting substrate 34 that is away from the light-emitting unit 3.

[0374] The display module provided in this embodiment has the same or similar technical effects as the light-emitting substrate provided in any of the foregoing embodiments when it is implemented, and will not be described in detail here.

[0375] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34, the liquid crystal display panel 17 includes an array substrate 1701 and a counter substrate 1702 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 1703 located between the array substrate 1701 and the counter substrate 1702.

[0376] In some embodiments, when the color conversion structure is not provided on one side of the second surface of the first substrate, the first substrate can be reused as the substrate of the array substrate. That is, the film structure of the array substrate can be directly fabricated on the surface of the first substrate, which is beneficial to further reduce the thickness of the display device. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first substrate can also be reused as the substrate of the opposing substrate. That is, the film structure of the opposing substrate can be directly fabricated on the surface of the first substrate, which is not limited here.

[0377] This disclosure provides a display device, including a display module provided in this disclosure.

[0378] The display device provided in this disclosure includes any product or component with a display function, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, monitor, laptop computer, digital photo frame, or navigator. Other essential components of this display device are understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be construed as limiting this disclosure. Implementation of this display device can refer to the embodiments of the display module and light-emitting substrate described above; repeated details will not be repeated.

[0379] In summary, the light-emitting substrate, display module, and display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure,

[0380] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0381] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their equivalents, this disclosure is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A light-emitting substrate, wherein, The light-emitting substrate includes: The first substrate includes: a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and a first groove located on the first surface; A protrusion is located within the first groove; in a cross section passing through the geometric center of the protrusion projected onto the second surface and along the thickness direction of the first base, the width of the protrusion in the first direction is a first width, and the first width gradually increases in the direction from the first surface to the second surface, wherein the first direction is a direction located in the cross section and parallel to the first base; the protrusion includes a first reflective surface; The light-emitting unit is located on the side of the protrusion away from the first substrate and is used to emit light toward the first groove. The light extraction structure is formed in the first surface or located on the side of the first surface away from the second surface; Wherein, the first reflective surface is at least a portion of the surface located on the side of the protrusion away from the second surface, the first reflective surface includes a first inclined surface, and the angle between the first inclined surface and the second surface is greater than 0°; The first inclined surface appears as two target line segments in the cross section; The target line segments are all straight line segments, or the target line segments are all target curve segments, or one of the target line segments is a straight line segment and the other is a target curve segment; the target curve segment has a first endpoint and a second endpoint, and the distance from any point on the target curve segment to the straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint is less than 1 / 20 of the length of the straight line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint.

2. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The orthographic projection of the first inclined surface onto the second surface surrounds the geometric center, and / or the geometric center is located inside the orthographic projection of the first reflective surface onto the second surface, which is outside the first inclined surface.

3. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The protrusion includes: a base portion and a first reflective layer located on the side of the base portion away from the second surface, the first reflective layer having the first reflective surface; The surface of the substrate portion away from the second surface is conformal to the first reflective surface.

4. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 3, wherein, The base portion and the first substrate are an integral structure made of the same material.

5. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, In the cross section, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines and the second surface is greater than or equal to θ2; wherein, 19.5°≤θ2≤21.5°.

6. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 3, wherein, In the cross section, the angle θ1 between the straight line segment or the line connecting the straight lines and the second surface is greater than or equal to 21°.

7. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The light-emitting substrate further includes: The second reflective layer is located on the side of the light extraction structure opposite to the first substrate; the second reflective layer includes a first opening, the orthographic projection of the first opening on the second surface falling into the orthographic projection of the first groove on the second surface.

8. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 7, wherein, The orthographic projection of the second reflective layer onto the second substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first inclined surface onto the second substrate.

9. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 8, wherein, In the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, the width of the area where the orthographic projection of the second reflective layer onto the second substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first inclined surface onto the second substrate is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers and less than or equal to 10 micrometers.

10. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein, In the cross-section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, half the width Q1 of the first opening satisfies: Wherein, Q2 is the maximum width of the first inclined surface in the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, H1 is the maximum distance between the bottom of the protrusion and the first opening in the cross section, and 39°≤θ3≤43°.

11. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The first reflective surface further includes: a first plane connected to the first inclined surface, wherein the plane containing the highest point of the first plane is parallel to the plane containing the highest point of the first surface; The geometric center is located inside the orthographic projection of the first plane onto the second surface.

12. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 11, wherein, The protrusion includes a base portion; the base portion includes a second plane corresponding to the first plane, and the highest point of the second plane away from the second surface is located on the same plane as the highest point of the first surface away from the second surface.

13. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The orthographic projection of the first plane onto the second surface falls inside the orthographic projection of the first opening onto the second surface.

14. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 11 to 12, wherein, In the cross section and in the direction parallel to the second surface, the width of the first plane is greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 20 micrometers.

15. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The light-emitting unit includes: a light-emitting part and a light modulation structure located on the side of the light-emitting part facing the first substrate; The light modulation structure is used to narrow the light emitted from the light-emitting part.

16. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The light-emitting unit includes: a light-emitting part and a light modulation structure located on the side of the light-emitting part facing the first substrate; The light modulation structure is used to make the light emission angle of the light-emitting unit less than or equal to θ4, wherein 39°≤θ4≤43°.

17. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 15 or 16, wherein, The orthographic projection of the light modulation structure onto the second surface overlaps at least with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface.

18. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 17, wherein, The orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting part onto the second surface is located inside the orthographic projection of the light modulation structure onto the second surface.

19. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein, The optical modulation structure is one of the following: a distributed Bragg reflection structure, an aperture stop, or a Fresnel lens.

20. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 19, wherein, The distributed Bragg reflection structure includes multiple layers of sub-dielectric films stacked together. The multiple layers of sub-dielectric films include a first type of sub-dielectric film and a second type of sub-dielectric film. The first type of sub-dielectric film and the second type of sub-dielectric film are made of different materials, and the first type of sub-dielectric film and the second type of sub-dielectric film are alternately arranged in the thickness direction of the distributed Bragg reflection structure.

21. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 19, wherein, The aperture stop includes multiple sub-aperture stops stacked together. The aperture stop includes a second opening, and the orthographic projection of the second opening onto the second surface overlaps with the orthographic projection of the protrusion onto the second surface.

22. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, The light-emitting substrate further includes: The light-transmitting filling portion is located within the first groove on the side of the protrusion that is at least partially opposite to the bottom of the first groove; the second reflective layer is located on the side of the light-transmitting filling portion that is opposite to the second surface.

23. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 22, wherein, The material of the light-transmitting filling portion includes at least one of the following: polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene terephthalate, and polycarbonate; the material of the first substrate includes at least one of the following: glass, polymethyl methacrylate, and polycarbonate.

24. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1-9, 11-14, 22, and 23, wherein, The light-emitting substrate further includes: A color conversion structure is located between the protrusion and the light-emitting unit.

25. The light-emitting substrate according to claim 10, wherein, The light-emitting substrate further includes: The color conversion structure has at least a portion located between the second reflective layer and the light-emitting unit; the distance between the surface of the color conversion structure facing the second surface and the second surface is greater than or equal to the distance between the surface of the second reflective layer facing the second surface and the second surface.

26. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein, The light-emitting substrate further includes: The color conversion structure is located on the side of the second surface opposite to the first surface.

27. The light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein, The light-emitting substrate further includes a light-transmitting portion located on the side of the first surface facing the light-emitting unit; the light-transmitting portion includes the light extraction structure.

28. A display module, wherein, It includes a liquid crystal display panel and a light-emitting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 27; the light-emitting substrate is the backlight panel of the liquid crystal display panel; The liquid crystal display panel is located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting substrate.

29. A display device, wherein, Includes the display module according to claim 28.

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