Power supply protection circuit and method, and server
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/145197
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-03-28
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
Smart Images
Figure CN2025145197_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A power supply protection circuit, method, and server
[0001] Cross-reference to related applications
[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510379144.0, filed on March 28, 2025, entitled “A power supply protection circuit, method and server”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0003] This application relates to the field of server technology, and in particular to a power supply protection circuit, method, and server. Background Technology
[0004] Servers are rapidly evolving towards higher computing power and greater integration. To meet these computing demands, the input power of a single server rack has increased from the traditional kilowatt level to tens of kilowatts, expanding the range of current and voltage fluctuations in the power supply system. In this scenario, abnormal operating conditions in the power supply circuit (such as instantaneous overcurrent and voltage spikes / drops) occur frequently. If protection is not timely, it can easily lead to damage to the backend loads, affecting the normal operation of the server.
[0005] Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above-mentioned technical problems is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application provides a power supply protection circuit, method, and server to at least solve the problem of back-end load damage caused by untimely protection against power supply circuit anomalies in related technologies.
[0007] This application provides a power supply protection circuit, including:
[0008] The first protection component is located in the power supply circuit of the power supply and is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply and disconnect the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit in response to the control signal.
[0009] The control component, connected to the first protection component, is configured to generate a control signal when the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions.
[0010] This application also provides a power supply protection method, applied to a power supply protection circuit as described in any of the above claims, the power supply protection method comprising:
[0011] Obtain the power supply parameters of the power supply detected by the first protection component located in the power supply circuit of the power supply;
[0012] When the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions, the first protection component is controlled to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit.
[0013] This application also provides a server, including at least one power supply and a load, and a power protection circuit connected to the power supply and the load, as described above.
[0014] By incorporating a first protection component into the power supply circuit of the power supply, the first protection component detects the power supply parameters at the power supply output terminal of the power supply. When the control component determines that the power supply parameters detected by the first protection component meet the abnormal protection conditions, it controls the first protection component to promptly execute protection actions to disconnect its power supply circuit. This solves the problem of damage to the backend load caused by untimely protection and achieves the effect of ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the server. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first power supply protection circuit provided in the embodiment of this application;
[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second power supply protection circuit provided in the embodiment of this application;
[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the third power supply protection circuit provided in the embodiment of this application;
[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth power supply protection circuit provided in the embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection module provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0021] Figure 6 is a flowchart of a power supply protection method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.
[0023] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.
[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0025] Firstly, please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a power supply protection circuit provided in this application. The power supply protection circuit includes:
[0026] The first protection component 2 is located in the power supply circuit of the power supply 1 and is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply 1 and disconnect the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit in response to the control signal.
[0027] Control component 3 is connected to the first protection component 2 and is configured to generate a control signal when the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions.
[0028] In this embodiment, the server includes a power supply 1. When there is one power supply 1, the power output terminal of the power supply 1 is one end of the secondary winding of the transformer of the power supply 1. The other end of the secondary winding is grounded, and one end of the primary winding is connected to the live wire L. The number of power supplies 1 can also be multiple. Referring to Figure 2, the common terminal after the first ends of the secondary windings of the transformers of multiple power supplies 1 are interconnected is used as the power output terminal of the power supply 1.
[0029] It is understood that the power output terminal of power supply 1 is connected to different loads (power load terminals Z1 and Z2 in Figure 1) through multiple independent power supply branches. Each branch corresponds to the voltage requirements of a specific load (e.g., 12V, 5V, etc.), and voltage adaptation can be achieved through an additional voltage regulation module (e.g., a DC-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) converter). In this embodiment, the power supply circuit refers to the complete current path from the power output to the load and finally back to the power supply terminal. The main function of the power supply circuit is to transfer electrical energy from the power supply to the load and ensure that the current can flow safely and effectively. It is understood that a power supply circuit can include multiple power supply branches. A power supply branch is a circuit part that branches out from a certain point (usually the power output terminal) of the power supply circuit and directly connects to a specific load. In this embodiment, the first protection component 2 can be set at a specific position in the power supply circuit to detect the power supply parameters of power supply 1 and execute corresponding protection actions. The power supply parameters include, but are not limited to, voltage parameters, current parameters, and temperature parameters. It is understood that there can be multiple first protection components 2, which are set one-to-one on multiple power supply branches in the power supply circuit.
[0030] The first protection component 2 is connected to the control component 3 and transmits the detected power supply parameters to the control component 3. The control component 3 compares the power supply parameters with the corresponding preset threshold. If the power supply parameters reach the corresponding preset threshold, the control component 3 generates a control signal and outputs the control signal to the corresponding first protection component 2 on the power supply circuit. The first protection component 2 responds to the control signal and disconnects the power supply to the power supply branch where the first protection component 2 is located on the power supply circuit, thereby accurately isolating the faulty branch and avoiding a global power outage.
[0031] In one exemplary embodiment, the first protection component 2 includes:
[0032] The switch module 21 is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the power supply 1. The control terminal of the switch module 21 is connected to the control terminal of the control component 3. The switch module 21 is configured to disconnect the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit in response to the control signal.
[0033] The detection module 22 is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply 1 and the first detection terminal of the control component 3. The detection module 22 is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power output terminal of the power supply 1.
[0034] In this embodiment, the first protection component 2 includes a switch module 21 and a detection module 22. The switch module 21 and the detection module 22 adopt a separate design. The switch module 21 is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the power supply 1, specifically in the corresponding power supply branch of the power supply circuit. Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the switch module 21 is located between the secondary winding of the transformer and the corresponding load. The detection module 22 is located on the power supply branch. The first end of the detection module 22 is connected to the power supply output terminal of the power supply 1, and the second end of the detection module 22 is connected to the first detection terminal of the control component 3. It is used to detect the power supply parameters (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) on its power supply branch in real time and feed the power supply parameters back to the control component 3. Specifically, it can be transmitted to the control component 3 through analog signals or digital communication (such as ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) conversion). Based on the power supply parameters monitored by the detection module 22, the control component 3 determines whether the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions. If the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions, it sends a control signal to the switch module 21 on the power supply branch where the detection module 22 is located. After receiving the control signal, the switch module 21 disconnects, thereby cutting off the power supply branch and stopping the power supply to the load on the power supply branch. At the same time, other branches continue to operate normally.
[0035] The switching module 21 can be selected from intelligent relays, MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors), or solid-state relays (SSRs), etc., possessing characteristics such as high withstand voltage and fast response. In this embodiment, the detection module 22 and the switching module 21 are configured independently to avoid mutual interference between monitoring and execution functions, ensuring that only the faulty branch is disconnected, while the non-faulty parts are unaffected. The modular design allows for the individual replacement of detection or switching components, reducing maintenance costs. When adding a branch, only the module combination needs to be copied, without reconstructing the entire system. The detection signal and control signal are separated (e.g., using opto-isolation technology), reducing the interference of electromagnetic noise in the power supply circuit on the control logic.
[0036] In an exemplary embodiment, referring to FIG4, the switching module 21 includes a plurality of switching transistors connected in parallel, and the control terminals of the plurality of switching transistors are connected to the control terminal of the control component 3.
[0037] It is understandable that in high-power scenarios (such as server power supply circuits), large currents may cause a single switching transistor to overheat or burn out. In this embodiment, the switching module 21 can be built from multiple switching transistors connected in parallel. The parallel design reduces the pressure on a single transistor by sharing current, distributing power loss across multiple devices, reducing the temperature rise of a single transistor, and reducing the pressure on heat dissipation design. If a switching transistor fails due to aging, overcurrent, or short circuit, the other parallel switching transistors can still maintain the circuit's switching function, preventing the complete loss of protection function. In addition, the parallel path shortens the current cut-off time, especially in high-frequency or transient scenarios (such as short-circuit protection), where multi-transistor coordination can complete the action faster.
[0038] In this embodiment, multiple parallel-connected switching transistors can be selected from those with identical parameters to ensure that all switches operate synchronously and achieve high-current protection.
[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, the detection module 22 includes a sampling resistor. The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply 1 and the control component 3, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the switch module 21 and the control component 3.
[0040] In this embodiment, the sampling resistor can be a precision resistor. One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply 1, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the switch module 21. That is, the sampling resistor is connected in series in the power supply branch. The first sampling terminal of the control component 3 is connected to the first end of the sampling resistor, and the second sampling terminal of the control component 3 is connected to the second end of the sampling resistor. By measuring the voltage drop across the sampling resistor, the current value of the power supply branch is reflected in real time.
[0041] Specifically, control component 3 can acquire the minute voltage signal across the sampling resistor using a differential amplifier or a dedicated current detection chip. After amplification and filtering, the signal is converted into a digital value by an ADC for analysis by control component 3. Control component 3 compares the real-time current value or directly the real-time voltage value with the corresponding preset threshold; if the threshold is exceeded, a control signal is generated.
[0042] In this embodiment, the sampling resistor should be placed close to the input terminal of the switching module 21 to shorten the high current path and reduce the measurement error introduced by parasitic impedance.
[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, referring to FIG5, the detection module 22 includes a conductor segment on the board that connects a power input terminal and a power output terminal, and measuring points (bridgehead measuring points and bridge tail measuring points as shown in FIG5) located at both ends of the conductor segment. The measuring points are connected to the control component 3, the power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply 1, and the power output terminal is connected to the corresponding load on the board.
[0044] In this embodiment, the detection module 22 can either use an external sampling resistor to sample power supply parameters, or reserve a conductor segment with a preset impedance (which can be a copper foil trace on the PCB or a dedicated metal strip) in the board to function as a sampling resistor. One end of the conductor segment is connected to the power input terminal on the board, and the other end is connected to the power output terminal on the board. The power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply 1, and the power output terminal is connected to the corresponding load on the board. Measurement points are provided at both ends of the conductor segment, and these points are connected to the control component 3 via connecting lines. Specifically, the measurement points are connected to the differential input port of the control component 3 via connecting lines to eliminate lead resistance errors. The control component 3 obtains the voltage drop across the conductor segment to sample the power supply parameters on the power supply branch. Based on the target detection accuracy and current range, the inherent impedance of the conductor segment is calculated by adjusting its length L, width W, thickness, and material (such as the resistivity of copper foil). The dimensions of the conductor segment can be set according to actual engineering needs to meet the sampling accuracy and path loss requirements; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this.
[0045] The board with reserved conductor segments is the board for mounting load and switch modules 21. By reserving conductor segments with preset impedance in the board, the area occupied by discrete components can be reduced, making it suitable for high-density board designs (such as server power supply boards). The conductor segments are integrally formed with the board, avoiding problems such as desoldering or poor contact of discrete resistors due to vibration and temperature changes. Parasitic parameters (inductance, capacitance) are controllable, which is beneficial for signal integrity in high-frequency scenarios. Because no additional sampling resistor is required, and the detection module 22 can be flexibly arranged on the board to adapt to different circuit design and layout requirements.
[0046] In one exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment is composed of at least one conductive layer on the board.
[0047] In this embodiment, the conductor segment can be composed of a single conductive layer on the circuit board or multiple conductive layers. Specifically, the conductive layer can be a copper layer or other conductive material layer on the circuit board. Copper and other conductive materials have excellent conductivity, ensuring efficient current transmission within the conductor segment and reducing energy loss. The conductor segment can also be viewed as a current transmission channel, with the distance between the two sides of the channel being width W. The channel is preferably a parallel channel. Specifically, a rectangular conductor segment can be selected, with a consistent width along the path to ensure standardized impedance parameters.
[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment is a multilayer structure composed of multiple interconnected conductive layers, and multiple interconnected vias are provided on both the power input terminal and the power output terminal.
[0049] In this embodiment, when the conductor segment is composed of multiple interconnected conductive layers, multiple interconnecting vias are provided on the power input and power output terminals. These interconnecting vias are vertical channels connecting different conductive layers, allowing current to flow between different layers. By rationally designing the number and distribution of vias, a balanced current distribution among the layers can be ensured, preventing excessive current in any one layer from causing overheating or damage. It is understood that multilayer structures allow for the arrangement of more circuits within a limited space, increasing circuit integration and density, helping to reduce interference and crosstalk in signal transmission, and improving signal integrity.
[0050] The number of interconnect vias is typically determined by the circuit's current requirements. For example, if a circuit needs to carry 30A of current, the number of vias will usually be 30 or more to ensure even current distribution. The number of interconnect vias can also be reduced appropriately, but it must be ensured that it does not affect the balanced current distribution and circuit performance. The via arrangement can be dense or sparse, depending on the circuit design requirements and the PCB manufacturer's manufacturing capabilities.
[0051] In one exemplary embodiment, the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is disposed on a different layer of the board from the power input terminal and the power output terminal, and the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal through a via; or, the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is disposed on the same layer of the board from the power input terminal and the power output terminal.
[0052] In this embodiment, the power input terminal and power output terminal can specifically be the power input copper foil and power output copper foil on the circuit board. In this embodiment, the layout design of the conductor segments and the power input and power output terminals has a certain degree of flexibility, mainly existing in the following two situations:
[0053] The conductor segments and power terminals are arranged in a layered layout, meaning the conductive layer constituting the conductor segments is located on a different layer from the power input and power output terminals. In this case, the conductive layer constituting the conductor segments is connected to the power input and power output terminals via vias. Vias, a common connection method in PCB design, enable electrical connections between different layers, ensuring that current can be smoothly transmitted from the power input terminals to the conductor segments, and then from the conductor segments to the power output terminals, ultimately connecting to the corresponding loads. This layered layout optimizes the space utilization of the board, especially in high-density board designs, effectively alleviating wiring pressure on the same layer and providing more space for the placement of other components and traces.
[0054] The conductor segment and power terminals are arranged on the same layer, with the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment and the power input / output terminals located on the same layer of the circuit board. Specifically, the power input and power output terminals can be the power input copper foil and power output copper foil on the circuit board. The copper foil of the conductor segment and the power input / output copper foil can be located on the same layer or on different layers. When the copper foil of the conductor segment is multi-layered, one layer can be located on the same layer as the power input / output copper foil. This same-layer layout can simplify the circuit board manufacturing process in some cases, reduce the number of vias, and lower potential reliability issues and manufacturing costs caused by vias. Simultaneously, the same-layer layout facilitates routing optimization and debugging during the design phase, allowing for more intuitive observation and adjustment of the connection relationship between the conductor segment and the power terminals, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the current transmission path.
[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment includes a first side and a second side of equal length, and the measuring point includes a first measuring point disposed on the first side and a second measuring point disposed on the second side. The first measuring point is connected to a first detection line, and the second measuring point is connected to a second detection line. The first detection line and the second detection line are connected to the control component in a differential pair configuration. The first detection line and the second detection line are disposed on different layers of the conductor segment on the board.
[0056] In this embodiment, the conductor segment includes a first side and a second side of equal length. The measuring points include a first measuring point on the first side and a second measuring point on the second side. This symmetrical measuring point layout helps to accurately obtain the voltage drop across the conductor segment, providing a reliable data basis for current calculation. The first measuring point is connected to a first detection line, and the second measuring point is connected to a second detection line. The first and second detection lines are connected to the control component in a differential pair configuration. The differential pair connection method has good anti-interference performance, effectively improving the accuracy and stability of the detection signal. In high-speed signal transmission and precision measurement, differential signals can cancel out the influence of external electromagnetic interference while reducing crosstalk between signals, ensuring that the detected voltage drop signal truly reflects the current change in the conductor segment.
[0057] Placing the first and second detection lines on different layers of the board from the conductor segment effectively utilizes the board's vertical space and avoids wiring conflicts between the conductor segment and detection lines on the same layer. Especially in high-density board designs, this layered layout provides greater flexibility for the placement of other components and traces, facilitating complex circuit designs and compact device layouts. It's understood that the conductor segment carries a large operating current, while the detection lines transmit a weak signal for detection. Layering them significantly reduces the mutual inductance impact of current variations in the conductor segment on the detection line signal, reducing noise interference and thus improving current detection accuracy. Furthermore, the layered layout helps reduce mutual interference between detection lines, ensuring the transmission quality of differential signals. In addition, during manufacturing, the layered layout optimizes the PCB manufacturing process. Clear functional partitioning of different layers improves production efficiency and yield. Simultaneously, reducing direct contact between the detection lines and high-current conductor segments lowers the risk of electrical failures due to manufacturing defects or during use, improving the overall reliability of the board.
[0058] In one exemplary embodiment, the power supply protection circuit further includes:
[0059] The temperature acquisition component has at least one conductor segment within its temperature acquisition range, and the sampling output terminal of the temperature acquisition component is connected to the second detection terminal of the control component 3.
[0060] In this embodiment, the resistance of the conductor segment changes with temperature. Therefore, temperature acquisition components, such as temperature sensors, are also arranged around the conductor segment to monitor the temperature of the conductor segment. The sampling output terminal of the temperature sensor is connected to the second detection terminal of the control component 3 to transmit temperature signals. The control component 3 is responsible for receiving the output signals of the temperature sensor and correcting the impedance value of the conductor segment in real time based on these signals, thereby reducing current detection errors and improving detection accuracy.
[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the third detection end of the control component 3 is connected to the in-situ detection end of the slot. The slot is used to install a load and includes a detection point. When the load contacts the detection point in the slot, the in-situ detection end of the slot outputs an in-situ signal. When the load does not contact the detection point in the slot, the in-situ detection end of the slot outputs a de-position signal.
[0062] Control component 3 is also configured to control switch module 21 to turn on or off based on the presence signal or absence signal output by the presence detection terminal.
[0063] In this embodiment, the slot is used to install the load and includes a detection point to detect whether the load is correctly installed. Specifically, when the load is in contact with the detection point, an in-position signal is output; when it is not in contact, an out-of-position signal is output. The control component 3 receives the in-position detection signal from the slot and controls the switching module 21 (such as a power MOSFET) to turn on or off according to these signals. The switching module 21 is used to control the opening and closing of the power supply branch to realize the hot-plugging of the load.
[0064] During the hot-insertion process, when the load is inserted into the slot, the voltage at the rear end of the switching module 21 and the power interface of the load is 0V, with a voltage difference of 0V, allowing the load to be inserted with zero electrical pressure. When the load contacts the detection point in the slot, it is determined that the load is properly inserted. After the load is properly inserted, the control component 3 detects the presence signal and sends a switch-on signal, causing the load-side voltage to gradually rise from 0V to the supply voltage, thus achieving hot-insertion of the load. During this process, the capacitor at the load end will not experience instantaneous charging current, avoiding inrush current and electrical sparking at the connector.
[0065] When the load needs to be unplugged, the load and the detection point are not in contact. The control component 3 detects the off-position signal and triggers, sending a switch turn-off signal. After the switch is turned off, the voltage at the downstream circuit of the switch and the load input terminal gradually drops to 0V. At this time, the load is completely unplugged, achieving zero-voltage hot unplugging.
[0066] In this embodiment, faulty or upgraded components can be replaced without shutting down the system power, improving system availability and maintainability. By controlling the gradual change of voltage, instantaneous current surges are avoided, protecting circuits and components from damage.
[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the first protection component 2 includes an electronic fuse. The first end of the electronic fuse is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply 1, and the second end of the electronic fuse is connected to the corresponding load. The control terminal and the sampling terminal of the electronic fuse are both connected to the control component 3. The electronic fuse integrates a sampling resistor and a switching transistor. The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the electronic fuse, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the switching transistor. The second end of the switching transistor is connected to the second end of the electronic fuse, and the control terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the control terminal of the electronic fuse. The sampling terminal of the electronic fuse is configured to output the voltage signal across the sampling resistor.
[0068] In this embodiment, a monolithically integrated electronic fuse can be selected. This electronic fuse integrates a sampling resistor and a switching transistor; that is, the sampling resistor and switching transistor in this embodiment are integrated designs. The sampling terminal of the electronic fuse outputs a voltage signal across the sampling resistor. This signal is used to monitor the current flowing through the electronic fuse. When the current exceeds a preset value, the control component 3 triggers the switching transistor to open via the control terminal, thereby cutting off the current and protecting the circuit. This embodiment can reduce the use of precision resistors and controllers, reducing the area occupied by the components on the board.
[0069] In one exemplary embodiment, the power supply protection circuit further includes:
[0070] The second protection component is connected to the power supply 1 and the control component 3. The second protection component is configured to disconnect or connect in response to a protection signal to adjust the state of the power supply 1, which is either a power supply output state or a non-power supply output state.
[0071] The control component 3 is also configured to output a protection signal based on the abnormal protection conditions met by the power supply parameters.
[0072] In this embodiment, the server's power supply 1 can be a redundant architecture, meaning that multiple power supplies 1 include N main power supplies and a corresponding number of backup power supplies. For example, in an N+1 architecture, there are N main power supplies and one backup power supply. When any main power supply fails, the backup power supply can immediately take over, ensuring the system continues to operate. In an N+N redundant architecture, there are the same number of main power supplies and backup power supplies. All power supplies can participate in power supply, improving the total capacity and reliability of the power supply. In this embodiment, a second protection component is also provided at one end of the primary winding of the transformer of each main power supply and each backup power supply. By controlling the conduction or disconnection of the second protection component, the power supply output of the main power supply and the backup power supply can be controlled. When the second protection component is on, the power supply 1 connected to the second protection component is in a power supply output state; when the second protection component is off, the power supply 1 connected to the second protection component is in a non-power supply output state. The control component 3 is connected to the second protection component and, according to the abnormal protection conditions satisfied by the power supply parameters in the power supply circuit, controls the second protection component on the corresponding power supply 1 to perform the corresponding action, further improving the reliability of the power supply.
[0073] In one exemplary embodiment, the number of power supply 1s is multiple, and the power supply protection circuit further includes:
[0074] Multiple indicator components are connected to multiple power supplies 1 respectively, and the indicator components are configured to indicate whether the power supply 1 is in a power supply output state or a non-power supply output state.
[0075] In this embodiment, the indicator component can provide intuitive visual feedback, enabling operators to quickly understand the operating status of each power supply 1. When a system fault occurs, the indicator component can help quickly locate the faulty power supply, thereby accelerating the fault diagnosis and repair process.
[0076] Secondly, referring to Figure 6, this application also provides a power supply protection method, applied to a power supply protection circuit as described in any of the embodiments above. The power supply protection method includes:
[0077] S101: Obtain the power supply parameters of the power supply detected by the first protection component located in the power supply circuit of the power supply;
[0078] S102: When the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions, control the first protection component to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit.
[0079] For a description of the power supply protection method provided in this application, please refer to the above embodiments; further details will not be repeated here.
[0080] The power supply protection method provided in this application has the same beneficial effects as the power supply protection circuit described above.
[0081] Thirdly, this application also provides a server, including at least one power supply and a load, and a power protection circuit as described in any of the embodiments above, connected to the power supply and the load.
[0082] The power supply protection circuit includes:
[0083] The first protection component is located in the power supply circuit of the power supply and is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply and disconnect the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit in response to the control signal.
[0084] The control component, connected to the first protection component, is configured to generate a control signal when the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions.
[0085] In one exemplary embodiment, the first protection component includes:
[0086] A switching module is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the power supply. The control terminal of the switching module is connected to the control terminal of the control component. The switching module is configured to disconnect the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit in response to the control signal.
[0087] The detection module connects the power supply output terminal of the power supply to the first detection terminal of the control component. The detection module is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply output terminal of the power supply.
[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, the power supply includes a transformer, and a switching module is disposed between the secondary winding of the transformer and the corresponding load.
[0089] In one exemplary embodiment, the switching module includes multiple switching transistors connected in parallel, and the control terminals of the multiple switching transistors are connected to the control terminal of the control component.
[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the detection module includes a sampling resistor, the first end of which is connected to the power supply output terminal of the power supply and the control component, and the second end of which is connected to the switching module and the control component.
[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the detection module includes a conductor segment on the board that connects a power input terminal and a power output terminal, and measuring points located at both ends of the conductor segment. The measuring points are connected to a control component, the power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply, and the power output terminal is connected to the corresponding load on the board.
[0092] In one exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment is composed of at least one conductive layer on the board.
[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductor segment is a multilayer structure composed of multiple interconnected conductive layers, and multiple interconnected vias are provided on both the power input terminal and the power output terminal.
[0094] In one exemplary embodiment, the power supply protection circuit further includes:
[0095] The temperature acquisition component has at least one conductor segment within its temperature acquisition range, and the sampling output terminal of the temperature acquisition component is connected to the second detection terminal of the control component.
[0096] In one exemplary embodiment, the third detection end of the control component is connected to the in-situ detection end of the slot, the slot is used to install a load, the slot includes a detection point, when the load contacts the detection point in the slot, the in-situ detection end of the slot outputs an in-situ signal, when the load does not contact the detection point in the slot, the in-situ detection end of the slot outputs an out-of-situ signal.
[0097] The control component is also configured to control the switch module to turn on or off based on the presence signal or absence signal output from the presence detection terminal.
[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the first protection component includes an electronic fuse. The first end of the electronic fuse is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the electronic fuse is connected to the corresponding load. Both the control terminal and the sampling terminal of the electronic fuse are connected to a control component. The electronic fuse integrates a sampling resistor and a switching transistor. The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the electronic fuse, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the switching transistor. The second end of the switching transistor is connected to the second end of the electronic fuse, and the control terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the control terminal of the electronic fuse. The sampling terminal of the electronic fuse is configured to output the voltage signal across the sampling resistor.
[0099] In one exemplary embodiment, the power supply protection circuit further includes:
[0100] The second protection component is connected to the power supply and control component. The second protection component is configured to disconnect or connect in response to a protection signal to adjust the state of the power supply, which is either a power supply output state or a non-power supply output state.
[0101] The control components are also configured to output protection signals based on the abnormal protection conditions met by the power supply parameters.
[0102] In one exemplary embodiment, the number of power supplies is multiple, and the power supply protection circuit further includes:
[0103] Multiple indicator components are connected to multiple power supplies respectively, and the indicator components are configured to indicate whether the power supply is in a power supply output state or a non-power supply output state.
[0104] For a description of the server provided in this application, please refer to the above embodiments; further details will not be repeated here.
[0105] The server provided in this application has the same beneficial effects as the power supply protection circuit described above.
[0106] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0107] The power supply protection circuit, method, and server provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A power supply protection circuit, characterized in that, include: The first protection component is located in the power supply circuit of the power supply and is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply and disconnect the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit in response to a control signal. A control component, connected to the first protection component, is configured to generate the control signal when the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions.
2. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first protection component includes: A switching module is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the power supply. The control terminal of the switching module is connected to the control terminal of the control component. The switching module is configured to disconnect the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit in response to a control signal. A detection module is connected to the power supply output terminal of the power supply and the first detection terminal of the control component. The detection module is configured to detect the power supply parameters of the power supply output terminal of the power supply.
3. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply includes a transformer, and the switching module is located between the secondary winding of the transformer and the corresponding load.
4. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switching module includes multiple switching transistors connected in parallel, and the control terminals of the multiple switching transistors are connected to the control terminal of the control component.
5. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module includes a sampling resistor. The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the power supply output terminal of the power supply and the control component, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the switching module and the control component.
6. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module includes a conductor segment on the board that connects a power input terminal and a power output terminal, and measuring points located at both ends of the conductor segment. The measuring points are connected to the control component. The power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply, and the power output terminal is connected to the corresponding load on the board.
7. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conductor segment is composed of at least one conductive layer on the board.
8. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conductor segment includes a first side and a second side of equal length. The measuring point includes a first measuring point on the first side and a second measuring point on the second side. The first measuring point is connected to a first detection line, and the second measuring point is connected to a second detection line. The first detection line and the second detection line are connected to the control component in a differential pair configuration.
9. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first detection line and the second detection line are disposed on different layers of the conductor segment on the board.
10. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The conductor segment is a multilayer structure composed of multiple interconnected conductive layers, and multiple interconnected vias are provided on both the power input terminal and the power output terminal.
11. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is disposed on a different layer of the board from the power input terminal and the power output terminal, and the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal through a via; or, the conductive layer constituting the conductor segment is disposed on the same layer of the board from the power input terminal and the power output terminal.
12. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power supply protection circuit also includes: A temperature acquisition component, wherein at least one conductor segment is provided within the temperature acquisition range of the temperature acquisition component, and the sampling output terminal of the temperature acquisition component is connected to the second detection terminal of the control component.
13. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The control component is also configured to receive the output signal of the temperature sensor and correct the impedance value of the conductor segment based on the output signal.
14. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third detection end of the control component is connected to the in-situ detection end of the slot. The slot is used to install the load and includes a detection point. When the load contacts the detection point in the slot, the in-situ detection end of the slot outputs an in-situ signal. When the load does not contact the detection point in the slot, the in-situ detection end of the slot outputs a de-position signal. The control component is further configured to control the switch module to turn on or off based on the in-situ signal or the out-of-situ signal output by the in-situ detection terminal.
15. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control component is further configured to issue a switch-on signal based on the presence signal output by the presence detection terminal to control the switch module to turn on, or to issue a switch-off signal based on the departure signal output by the presence detection terminal to control the switch module to turn off.
16. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first protection component includes an electronic fuse. The first end of the electronic fuse is connected to the power output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the electronic fuse is connected to the corresponding load. The control terminal and sampling terminal of the electronic fuse are both connected to the control component. The electronic fuse integrates a sampling resistor and a switching transistor. The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the electronic fuse, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first end of the switching transistor. The second end of the switching transistor is connected to the second end of the electronic fuse, and the control terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the control terminal of the electronic fuse. The sampling terminal of the electronic fuse is configured to output the voltage signal across the sampling resistor.
17. The power supply protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The power supply protection circuit also includes: A second protection component is connected to the power supply and control component. The second protection component is configured to disconnect or connect in response to a protection signal to adjust the state of the power supply, which is either a power supply output state or a non-power supply output state. The control component is also configured to output the protection signal based on the abnormal protection conditions satisfied by the power supply parameters.
18. The power supply protection circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The number of power supplies is multiple, and the power supply protection circuit further includes: Multiple indicator components are connected to multiple power supplies respectively, and the indicator components are configured to indicate whether the power supply is in a power supply output state or a non-power supply output state.
19. A power supply protection method, characterized in that, The power supply protection method, applied to the power supply protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-18, comprises: The power supply parameters of the power supply are detected by the first protection component located in the power supply circuit of the power supply. When the power supply parameters meet the abnormal protection conditions, the first protection component is controlled to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the power supply to the corresponding load in the power supply circuit.
20. A server, characterized in that, It includes at least one power supply and a load, and a power supply protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-18 connected to the power supply and the load.