Transceiver apparatus, network device and communication system

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a transceiver apparatus, a network device and a communication system, which are intended to improve the robustness of the transceiver apparatus. The transceiver apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application comprises a baseband unit and a plurality of antenna units, wherein the baseband unit is arranged adjacent to at least two of the antenna units; the baseband unit is switchably and wirelessly connected to the antenna units adjacent thereto; the antenna units are arranged adjacent to at least two other antenna units; the plurality of antenna units are sequentially and wirelessly connected to form a serial link; and when several antenna units among the plurality of antenna units fail, the transceiver apparatus adjusts the connection sequence of the plurality of antenna units to form a new serial link, thereby mitigating the impact on the entire transceiver apparatus due to the failure of one or more antenna units, and improving the robustness of the transceiver apparatus.

Description

Transceiver equipment, network equipment and communication systems

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on March 28, 2025, with application number 202510398820.9 and entitled "Transceiver Device, Network Equipment and Communication System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, specifically to a transceiver device, network equipment, and communication system. Background Technology

[0003] The transceiver has a serially connected baseband unit and multiple antenna units, so that the first baseband data obtained by the multiple antenna units is the same, which reduces the required channel bandwidth between the baseband unit and the antenna units, as well as the number of ports of the transceiver. However, since the baseband unit and the antenna units, and the antenna units are electrically connected by cables, when one of the antenna units fails, the entire transceiver cannot form a complete serial link. The transceiver is not robust and affects the communication stability of the transceiver. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a transceiver, a network device, and a communication system, aiming to improve the robustness of the transceiver and thereby improve the communication stability of the transceiver.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, embodiments of this application provide a transceiver device, including a baseband unit and multiple antenna units. The baseband unit is arranged adjacent to at least two antenna units and can be wirelessly connected to adjacent antenna units in a switchable manner. Each antenna unit is arranged adjacent to at least two other antenna units, and the multiple antenna units are wirelessly connected sequentially to form a serial link. In the event of a failure of several antenna units, the transceiver device adjusts the connection order of the multiple antenna units to form a new serial link, thereby reducing the impact of the failure of one or several antenna units on the entire transceiver device, improving the robustness of the transceiver device, and thus improving the communication stability of the transceiver device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the projections of the baseband unit and the plurality of antenna units on the first plane are all polygons, the projections of the antenna units adjacent to the baseband unit are adjacent to the projections of the baseband unit, and the projections of the remaining antenna units are adjacent to each other, so as to cover the first plane.

[0008] With the above configuration, the projections of the baseband unit and multiple antenna units on the first plane are all polygons. The projections of the antenna units adjacent to the baseband unit are adjacent to the projection of the baseband unit, and the projections of the remaining antenna units are adjacent to each other. All projections cover the first plane to achieve a close arrangement of the baseband unit and multiple antenna units.

[0009] In some embodiments, the projections of the baseband unit and the plurality of antenna units onto the first plane are all regular hexagons, and the side lengths of each regular hexagon are equal.

[0010] With the above configuration, the baseband unit can be arranged adjacent to 6 antenna units, the antenna units arranged adjacent to the baseband unit can be arranged adjacent to another 5 antenna units, and the other antenna units can be arranged adjacent to 6 antenna units. This increases the number of antenna units that the baseband unit can switch to connect to, and also increases the number of other antenna units that the antenna unit can switch to connect to, thereby improving the robustness of the transceiver.

[0011] In some embodiments, the baseband unit includes a first housing, the projection of the first housing onto a first plane being a polygon, and a first window being provided on the first housing corresponding to each side of the polygon; the antenna unit includes a second housing, the projection of the second housing onto the first plane being a polygon, and a second window being provided on the second housing corresponding to each side of the polygon; the first window and the second window are used to allow wireless signals to pass through.

[0012] With the above configuration, a first window on the first housing of the baseband unit is connected to a second window on the second housing of the antenna unit, allowing wireless signals to be transmitted between the baseband unit and its adjacent antenna unit, thereby achieving a wireless connection between the baseband unit and the antenna unit. In an embodiment with two adjacent antenna units, a second window on the second housing of one antenna unit is connected to a second window on the second housing of the other antenna unit, allowing wireless signals to be transmitted between the two adjacent antenna units, thereby achieving a wireless connection between the two antenna units.

[0013] In some embodiments, the baseband unit includes a first processing module, a first transmitting module, and a first adjustment module; the first processing module is electrically connected to both the first transmitting module and the first adjustment module.

[0014] The first transmitting module is used to transmit wireless signals to the first adjusting module, and the first adjusting module is used to adjust the direction of the wireless signals transmitted by the first transmitting module in order to switch the antenna unit connected to the baseband unit.

[0015] With the above settings, if a fault occurs in an antenna unit adjacent to the baseband unit, when the first transmitting module converts the first baseband data generated by the baseband unit into a wireless signal and transmits it to the first adjustment device, the first processing module controls the first adjustment device to rotate, so that the wireless signal reflected by the first adjustment device will not be transmitted to the first window corresponding to the faulty antenna unit, but will instead be transmitted to another antenna unit adjacent to the baseband unit, and continue to form a serial link, thereby improving the robustness of the transceiver device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the baseband unit includes a first processing module, a first receiving module, and a first adjustment module; the first processing module is electrically connected to both the first receiving module and the first adjustment module; the first receiving module is used to receive wireless signals transmitted by the antenna unit, and the first adjustment module is also used to adjust the direction of the wireless signals from the antenna unit so that the wireless signals are directed toward the first receiving module.

[0017] In some embodiments, the wireless signal includes an optical signal; the first transmitting module includes a laser transmitter; the first receiving module includes a photodiode; and the first adjustment device includes a scanning mirror. The laser transmitter is used to convert the first baseband data into an optical signal, the photodiode is used to convert the optical signal into the first baseband data, and the scanning mirror is used to reflect the optical signal. Depending on the rotation angle of the scanning mirror, an optical path can be formed between any window and the transmitting module or the receiving module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the wireless signal includes an electromagnetic signal; the first transmitting module includes a transmitting radiator and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), the transmitting radiator being connected to the first processing module via the DAC for transmitting the wireless signal; the first receiving module includes a receiving radiator and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the receiving radiator being connected to the first processing module via the ADC for receiving the wireless signal; the first adjusting device includes an adjustable reflective surface. The adjustable reflective surface may include a metal plate, a plate with high conductivity, etc. It is understood that the higher the conductivity of the plate, the less electromagnetic signal loss occurs during the reflection of the electromagnetic signal.

[0019] With the above configuration, the emitting radiator is connected to the first processing module via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC converts the first baseband data in the digital domain into an analog signal, and the emitting radiator radiates an electromagnetic signal based on the analog signal. Conversely, the receiving radiator is connected to the first processing module via an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The receiving radiator converts the received electromagnetic signal into an analog signal, and then converts it into the first baseband data in the digital domain via the ADC and transmits it to the first processing module for processing.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first transmitting module further includes a first link connecting the transmitting radiator and the digital-to-analog converter; the first receiving module further includes a second link connecting the receiving radiator and the analog-to-digital converter. Both the first and second links can be radio frequency (RF) processing links, whereby the RF processing link is used to perform signal frequency conversion, which can reduce high-frequency signals to intermediate-frequency signals or increase intermediate-frequency signals to high-frequency signals, thereby reducing noise generated during signal transmission.

[0021] In some embodiments, the antenna unit includes a second processing module, a second transmitting module, a second receiving module, and a second adjustment module; the second processing module is electrically connected to the second transmitting module, the second receiving module, and the second adjustment module; the second transmitting module is used to transmit wireless signals to other antenna units, and the second adjustment module is used to adjust the direction of the wireless signals transmitted by the second transmitting module to switch the antenna unit connected to this antenna unit; the second receiving module is used to receive wireless signals transmitted by the baseband unit or other antenna units, and the second adjustment module is also used to adjust the direction of the wireless signals from the baseband unit or other antenna units so that the wireless signals are directed toward the second receiving module.

[0022] With the above settings, if an antenna unit that is not adjacent to the baseband unit fails, when the second transmitting module converts the first baseband data into a wireless signal and sends it to the second adjustment device, the second processing module controls the second adjustment device to rotate, so that the wireless signal reflected by the second adjustment device will not be sent to the second window corresponding to the failed antenna unit, but will instead be sent to another antenna unit adjacent to the failed antenna unit, and continue to form a serial link, thus improving the robustness of the transceiver device.

[0023] In some embodiments, the wireless signal includes an optical signal; the second transmitting module includes a laser transmitter; the second receiving module includes a photodiode; and the second adjustment device includes a scanning mirror. The laser transmitter is used to convert the first baseband data into an optical signal, the photodiode is used to convert the optical signal into the first baseband data, and the scanning mirror is used to reflect the optical signal. Depending on the rotation angle of the scanning mirror, an optical path can be formed between any window and the transmitting module or the receiving module.

[0024] In some embodiments, the wireless signal includes an electromagnetic signal; the second transmitting module includes a transmitting radiator and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), the transmitting radiator being connected to the second processing module via the DAC for transmitting the wireless signal; the second receiving module includes a receiving radiator and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the receiving radiator being connected to the second processing module via the ADC for receiving the wireless signal; the second adjustment device includes an adjustable reflective surface. The adjustable reflective surface may include a metal plate, a plate with high conductivity, etc. It is understood that the higher the conductivity of the plate, the less electromagnetic signal loss occurs during the reflection of the electromagnetic signal.

[0025] With the above configuration, the emitting radiator is connected to the second processing module via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC converts the first baseband data in the digital domain into an analog signal, and the emitting radiator radiates an electromagnetic signal based on the analog signal. Conversely, the receiving radiator is connected to the second processing module via an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The receiving radiator converts the received electromagnetic signal into an analog signal, and then converts it into the first baseband data in the digital domain via the ADC before transmitting it to the second processing module for processing.

[0026] In some embodiments, the second transmitting module further includes a third link connecting the transmitting radiator and the digital-to-analog converter; the second receiving module further includes a fourth link connecting the receiving transmitter and the analog-to-digital converter. Both the third and fourth links can be radio frequency (RF) processing links, whereby the RF processing links are used to perform signal frequency conversion, which can reduce high-frequency signals to intermediate-frequency signals or increase intermediate-frequency signals to high-frequency signals, thereby reducing noise generated during signal transmission.

[0027] On the other hand, this application also provides a network device, which includes the transceiver as described above.

[0028] In some embodiments, the network device includes a parabolic reflector, and a transceiver is disposed on the parabolic reflector, which is used to reflect satellite signals to the baseband unit.

[0029] In another aspect, this application also provides a communication system, which includes the network device and terminal device as described above, wherein the network device is used for communication between the terminal device and a satellite.

[0030] Understandably, the beneficial effects that the network equipment and communication system provided in this application can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects of the transceiver device mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. In addition, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual size of the product, the actual flow of the method, the actual timing of the signals, etc. involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the communication system in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the transceiver device in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the baseband unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the transceiver device in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the transceiver device in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the transceiver device in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the baseband unit in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 10 is a second structural schematic diagram of the antenna unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the baseband unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit in the embodiment of this application.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1000, Communication system; 100, Transceiver; 200, Network equipment; 210, Parabolic reflector; 300, Terminal equipment; 10, Baseband unit; 11, First processing module; 12, First transmitting module; 121, First link; 13, First receiving module; 131, Second link; 14, First adjustment module; 150, First housing; 151, First window; 20, Antenna unit; 21, Second processing module; 22, Second transmitting module; 221, Third link; 23, Second receiving module; 231, Fourth link; 24, Second adjustment module; 26, Radio frequency antenna; 250, Second housing; 251, Second window; 201, First antenna unit; 202, Second antenna unit; 203, Third antenna unit; 204, Fourth antenna unit; 205, Fifth antenna unit; 31, Transmitting radiator; 32, Digital-to-analog converter; 41, Receiving radiator; 42, Analog-to-digital converter. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0047] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "horizontal," and "vertical" are defined relative to the orientation of the components shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0048] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or an integral connection; they can also refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] The technical solution of this application can be applied to satellite communication systems, high altitude platform station (HAPS) communication, non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems such as UAVs, as well as terrestrial microwave communication systems, radar communication systems, etc. Taking NTN systems as an example, the technical solution of this application can be applied to, for example, integrated communication and navigation (ICAN) systems, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), and ultra-dense low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems.

[0051] Satellite communication systems can be integrated with traditional mobile communication systems. For example, the mobile communication system can be a fourth-generation (4G) communication system (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) system), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a fifth-generation (5G) communication system (e.g., a new radio (NR) system), or other mobile communication systems.

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 1, this application provides a communication system 1000, which includes a network device 200 and a terminal device 300. The terminal device 300 may also be referred to as a user terminal, mobile station, etc. The network device 200 may include one or more satellite and ground station devices, and the ground station device may also be referred to as a core network device. For example, the ground station device may be a satellite ground station; in embodiments where the ground station device includes a satellite ground station, the ground station device includes a parabolic reflector 210, on which a transceiver device 100 (as shown in Figure 3) is disposed, and the parabolic reflector 210 is used to reflect satellite signals to the baseband unit in the transceiver device 100.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the satellite can be a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a non-geostationary Earth orbit (NGEO) satellite, etc. The satellite can provide communication, navigation, and positioning services to terminal devices through multiple beams. The satellite uses multiple beams to cover the service area, and different beams can communicate through one or more of time division, frequency division, and space division. The satellite communicates wirelessly with terminal devices through broadcast communication signals and navigation signals, and can also communicate wirelessly with ground station equipment. The satellite mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a satellite base station, or it can include an orbital receiver or repeater for relaying information, or it can be network-side equipment mounted on the satellite.

[0054] Taking the NTN system as an example, Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 2, the satellite provides communication services to the terminal device through multiple beams. In this scenario, the satellite is a non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO) satellite, which is connected to the core network equipment. The satellite uses multiple beams to cover the service area, and different beams can communicate through one or more of time division, frequency division, and space division. The satellite provides communication and navigation services to the terminal device by broadcasting communication signals and navigation signals. The satellite mentioned in the embodiments of this application can also be a satellite base station or a network-side device mounted on a satellite.

[0055] The terminal devices mentioned in the embodiments of this application include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem with wireless communication functions. Specifically, they may refer to user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device. Terminal devices can also be satellite phones, cellular phones, smartphones, wireless data cards, wireless modems, machine-type communication devices, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices or wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, terminal devices in 5G networks or future communication networks, etc.

[0056] Ground station equipment includes, for example, equipment in the core network (CN) of existing mobile communication architectures (such as the 3GPP access architecture of 5G networks) or equipment in the core network of future mobile communication architectures. The core network, as the bearer network, provides the interface to the data network, offering user equipment (UE) communication connections, authentication, management, policy control, and data service delivery. The CN can further include: Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Authentication Server Function (AUSF), Policy Control Function (PCF), User Plane Function (UPF), and other network elements. The AMF manages UE access and mobility, primarily responsible for UE authentication, UE mobility management, and UE paging functions.

[0057] Network equipment may also include, but is not limited to: evolved node B (eNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP), or transmission reception point (TRP) in a wireless fidelity (WIFI) system. This network equipment may also be a gNB, TRP, or TP in a 5G system, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system. Furthermore, this network equipment may be a network node constituting a gNB or TP, such as a BBU, or a distributed unit (DU). Alternatively, this network equipment may also be a device performing network-side functions in a device-to-device (D2D) communication system, a machine-to-machine (M2M) communication system, an Internet of Things (IoT) communication system, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system, or other communication systems.

[0058] Phased array antennas are core components of network equipment and user equipment in communication systems, and are widely used in various communication systems, such as satellite communication systems and radar communication systems. Beamforming is the core technology of phased array antennas. Digital beamforming technology can flexibly adjust the number of beams and the ratio of antenna elements according to requirements, enabling free switching between multi-beam and high-gain scenarios.

[0059] Referring to Figure 3, this embodiment of the application provides a transceiver device 100, which includes a baseband unit 10 and multiple antenna units 20. Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the baseband unit 10 includes a first processing module 11, a first transmitting module 12, and a first receiving module 13, all electrically connected. The antenna units 20 include a second processing module 21, a second transmitting module 22, a second receiving module 23, and a radio frequency antenna 26, all electrically connected. The first processing module 11 in the baseband unit 10 is a baseband processing module used to generate or receive baseband data, and the second processing module 21 in the antenna units 20 is a digital beamforming module used to perform beamforming on the baseband data.

[0060] Referring to Figures 3, 4, and 5, when the transceiver 100 is used as a transmitting device, the first processing module 11 in the baseband unit 10 generates first baseband data and transmits it to an antenna unit 20 via the first transmitting module 12. The antenna unit 20 receives the first baseband data via the second receiving module 23 and transmits it to the second processing module 21. The second processing module 21 processes the first baseband data to obtain first radio frequency (RF) data and transmits it via the RF antenna 26. Simultaneously, the second processing module 21 transmits the first baseband data to the next antenna unit 20 via the second transmitting module 22, until all the RF antennas 26 in all the antenna units 20 can transmit the first RF data based on the first baseband data, thus forming a serial link among the multiple antenna units 20. For example, the first baseband data is transmitted sequentially to multiple antenna units 20, ensuring that the first baseband data obtained by the multiple RF antennas 26 is identical.

[0061] Since the first baseband data is transmitted sequentially to multiple antenna elements 20, the first baseband data received by the radio frequency antennas 26 in each antenna element 20 is the same. However, different antenna elements 20 receive the first baseband data at different times. In order to reduce the impact of the reception delay of different antenna elements 20 on the beamforming effect, the second processing module 21 in the antenna element 20 can obtain the corresponding delay, so that each antenna element 20 processes the baseband data at approximately the same time. Ultimately, the beamforming effect can be improved by having each radio frequency antenna 26 transmit radio frequency data with the same content at approximately the same time. Two or more serial links can be formed from the baseband element 10 to reduce the total delay in each serial link and improve the working efficiency of the transceiver 100.

[0062] The first baseband data can be transmitted as a data stream between the baseband unit 10 and the antenna unit 20, or between the antenna units 20, transmitting only one sampling point of data at a time; or it can be transmitted as a data packet, sending one segment of data at a time. Since the same first baseband data is transmitted sequentially to multiple antenna units 20, compared to the star topology where the baseband unit 10 sends different baseband data to different antenna units 20, the required channel bandwidth between the baseband unit 10 and the antenna units 20 can be greatly reduced, and this is independent of the number of antenna units 20. The number of ports of the transceiver device 100 can also be reduced, and the data processing overhead of the baseband unit 10 can be distributed across different antenna units 20.

[0063] Similarly, when the transceiver 100 is used as a receiving device, the radio frequency antenna 26 in the antenna unit 20 receives the second radio frequency data and transmits the second radio frequency data to the second processing module 21 in the antenna unit 20. The second processing module 21 processes the second radio frequency data to obtain the second baseband data. The second baseband data of the multiple antenna units 20 is transmitted to the baseband unit 10 along the aforementioned serial link. It is understood that in the serial link formed when the transceiver 100 is used as a transmitting device and in the serial link formed when the transceiver 100 is used as a receiving device, the connection order of the baseband unit 10 and the multiple antenna units 20 is the same, but the transmission directions of the first baseband data and the second baseband data are opposite, which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] In some embodiments, the baseband unit 10 is arranged adjacent to at least two antenna units 20, and the baseband unit 10 is switchably wirelessly connected to adjacent antenna units 20. Each antenna unit 20 is arranged adjacent to at least two other antenna units 20, and the multiple antenna units 20 are wirelessly connected sequentially to form a serial link. With this configuration, when several antenna units 20 fail, the transceiver 100 can adjust the connection order of the multiple antenna units 20 to form a new serial link, reducing the impact of the failure of one or more antenna units 20 on the entire transceiver 100, improving the robustness of the transceiver 100, and thus improving the communication stability of the transceiver 100.

[0065] Referring to Figure 6, by way of example, the plurality of antenna elements 20 includes a first antenna element 201, a second antenna element 202, a third antenna element 203, a fourth antenna element 204, and a fifth antenna element 205; wherein, the baseband unit 10 is arranged adjacent to the first antenna element 201 and the second antenna element 202, the first antenna element 201 is arranged adjacent to the baseband unit 10, the second antenna element 202, the third antenna element 203, and the fourth antenna element 204, the second antenna element 202 is arranged adjacent to the baseband unit 10, the first antenna element 201, the fourth antenna element 204, and the fifth antenna element 205, the third antenna element 203 is arranged adjacent to the first antenna element 201 and the fourth antenna element 204, the fourth antenna element 204 is arranged adjacent to the first antenna element 201, the second antenna element 202, the third antenna element 203, and the fifth antenna element 205, and the fifth antenna element 205 is arranged adjacent to the second antenna element 202 and the fourth antenna element 204. The initial serial link can be configured to consist of baseband unit 10, first antenna unit 201, third antenna unit 203, fourth antenna unit 204, fifth antenna unit 205, and second antenna unit 202. Referring to Figure 7, if the first antenna unit 201 fails, the first baseband data that the baseband unit 10 was originally transmitting to the first antenna unit 201 can be redirected to the second antenna unit 202, thus forming a new serial link starting from the second antenna unit 202 (e.g., a serial link formed by baseband unit 10, second antenna unit 202, fifth antenna unit 205, fourth antenna unit 204, and third antenna unit 203). Referring to Figure 8, if the third antenna unit 203 fails, the first baseband data that the first antenna unit 201 was originally transmitting to the third antenna unit 203 can be redirected to the fourth antenna unit 204, thus forming a new serial link (e.g., a serial link formed by baseband unit 10, first antenna unit 201, fourth antenna unit 204, fifth antenna unit 205, and second antenna unit 202).

[0066] Referring to Figure 3, in an embodiment where the baseband unit 10 is arranged adjacent to at least two antenna units 20, and the antenna units 20 are arranged adjacent to at least two other antenna units 20, the baseband unit 10 and the plurality of antenna units 20 can be arranged on the same plane, which is designated as the first plane. The projections of the baseband unit 10 and the plurality of antenna units 20 onto the first plane are polygons. The projections of the antenna units 20 adjacent to the baseband unit 10 are adjacent to the projection of the baseband unit 10, and the projections of the remaining antenna units 20 are adjacent to each other. All projections cover the first plane to achieve a close arrangement of the baseband unit 10 and the plurality of antenna units 20.

[0067] In the above embodiments, referring to Figures 9 and 10, the baseband unit 10 includes a first housing 150, the projection of the first housing 150 onto the first plane is a polygon, and a first window 151 is provided on each side of the polygonal projection of the baseband unit 10 corresponding to the first housing 150; the antenna unit 20 includes a second housing 250, the projection of the second housing 250 onto the first plane is also a polygon, and a second window 251 is provided on each side of the polygonal projection of the antenna unit 20 corresponding to the second housing 250; wherein, the first window 151 and the second window 251 are used for wireless signals to pass through. It can be understood that there are multiple first windows 151 on the first housing 150, and the number of first windows 151 is the same as the number of sides of the polygon; there are multiple second windows 251 on the second housing 250, and the number of second windows 251 is also the same as the number of sides of the polygon.

[0068] In an embodiment where the baseband unit 10 and antenna unit 20 are arranged adjacent to each other, a first window 151 on the first housing 150 of the baseband unit 10 is connected to a second window 251 on the second housing 250 of the antenna unit 20, for transmitting wireless signals between the baseband unit 10 and the adjacent antenna unit 20, thereby achieving a wireless connection between the baseband unit 10 and the antenna unit 20. In an embodiment where two antenna units 20 are arranged adjacent to each other, a second window 251 on the second housing 250 of the antenna unit 20 is connected to a second window 251 on the second housing 250 of the other antenna unit 20, for transmitting wireless signals between the two adjacent antenna units 20, thereby achieving a wireless connection between the two antenna units 20.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the specific shape of the formed polygonal projection can include regular polygons and non-regular polygons; regular polygons can include equilateral triangles, squares, regular hexagons, etc.; non-regular polygons can include parallelograms, isosceles trapezoids, etc. This application does not limit the specific shape of the projection. Compared to non-regular polygonal projections, the baseband unit 10 and antenna unit 20 with regular polygonal projections can better cover the entire first plane. Furthermore, in conjunction with the above embodiment of providing a first window 151 on the first housing 150 and a second window 251 on the second housing 250, it can be understood that the longer the side length of the polygon, the more first windows 151 there are on the first housing 150, and the more second windows 251 there are on the second housing 250; that is, the longer the side length of the polygon, the more antenna units 20 the baseband unit 10 can connect to, and the more other antenna units 20 the antenna unit 20 can connect to. The number of antenna units 20 that the baseband unit 10 can switch to and connect to can be increased, as well as the number of other antenna units 20 that the antenna unit 20 can switch to and connect to, thereby improving the robustness of the transceiver 100 and thus improving the communication stability of the transceiver 100.

[0070] In some embodiments, the projections of the baseband unit 10 and the plurality of antenna units 20 onto the first plane are all regular hexagons, and the side lengths of each regular hexagon are equal. With this configuration, the baseband unit 10 can be arranged adjacent to six antenna units 20, and the antenna units 20 adjacent to the baseband unit 10 can be arranged adjacent to another five antenna units 20. Other antenna units 20 can be arranged adjacent to six antenna units 20. This increases the number of antenna units 20 that the baseband unit 10 can switch to, and also increases the number of other antenna units 20 that the antenna units 20 can switch to connect to, thereby improving the robustness of the transceiver 100 and its communication stability.

[0071] In some embodiments, the baseband unit 10 further includes a first adjustment module 14, which is electrically connected to the first processing module 11. The first adjustment module 14 is used to receive wireless signals transmitted from the first transmitting module 12 and to adjust the direction of the wireless signals transmitted by the first transmitting module 12, thereby switching the antenna unit 20 connected to the baseband unit 10. Furthermore, the first adjustment module 14 is also used to receive wireless signals transmitted from the antenna unit 20 and to adjust the direction of the wireless signals from the antenna unit 20 so that the wireless signals are directed towards the first receiving module 13.

[0072] Antenna unit 20 also includes a second adjustment module 24, which is electrically connected to the second processing module 21. The second transmitting module 22 transmits wireless signals to other antenna units 20, and the second adjustment module 24 adjusts the direction of the wireless signals transmitted by the second transmitting module 22 to switch the antenna unit 20 connected to it. Furthermore, the second receiving module 23 receives wireless signals transmitted by the baseband unit 10 or other antenna units 20, and the second adjustment module 24 also adjusts the direction of the wireless signals from the baseband unit 10 or other antenna units 20, directing the wireless signals toward the second receiving module 23.

[0073] In the above embodiments, when the transceiver 100 is used as a transmitting device, the first processing module 11 in the baseband unit 10 generates first baseband data, the first transmitting module 12 converts the first baseband data into a wireless signal and transmits it to the first adjustment module 14; after being reflected by the first adjustment module 14, the wireless signal enters an antenna unit 20 from a first window 151 and is transmitted to the second adjustment module 24 inside the antenna unit 20; after being reflected by the second adjustment module 24 inside the antenna unit 20, the wireless signal is transmitted to the second receiving module 23 inside the antenna unit 20, so as to realize the wireless connection between the baseband unit 10 and the adjacent antenna unit 20.

[0074] The second receiving module 23 of the antenna unit 20 transmits the first baseband data to the second processing module 21. The second processing module 21 performs digital shaping on the first baseband data and generates the first radio frequency data. At the same time, it also converts the first baseband data into a wireless signal through the second transmitting module 22 and sends it to the second adjustment module 24 again. At this time, the second processing module 21 controls the second adjustment module 24 to rotate so that the light signal reflected by the second adjustment module 24 can be sent to another second window 251 to transmit the first baseband data to the next antenna unit 20.

[0075] In the above embodiment, if a certain antenna unit 20 adjacent to the baseband unit 10 fails, when the first transmitting module 12 converts the first baseband data into a wireless signal and transmits it to the first adjustment module 14, the first processing module 11 controls the first adjustment module 14 to rotate, so that the wireless signal reflected by the first adjustment module 14 will not be transmitted to the first window 151 corresponding to the failed antenna unit 20, but will instead be transmitted to another antenna unit 20 adjacent to the baseband unit 10, and continue to form a serial link, thereby improving the robustness of the transceiver device 100.

[0076] If an antenna unit 20 that is not adjacent to the baseband unit 10 fails, when the second transmitting module 22 converts the first baseband data into a wireless signal and transmits it to the second adjustment module 24, the second processing module 21 controls the second adjustment module 24 to rotate, so that the wireless signal reflected by the second adjustment module 24 will not be transmitted to the second window 251 corresponding to the failed antenna unit 20, but will instead be transmitted to another antenna unit 20 adjacent to the failed antenna unit 20, and continue to form a serial link, which also improves the robustness of the transceiver device 100.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the wireless signal used to achieve wireless connection may include optical signal or electromagnetic signal.

[0078] In embodiments where the wireless signal is an optical signal, the first transmitting module 12 and the second transmitting module 22 include laser transmitters, exemplarily vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs); the laser transmitters are used to convert the first baseband data into optical signals. The first receiving module 13 and the second receiving module 23 are photodiodes (PDs); the photodiodes are used to convert the optical signals into the first baseband data. The first adjustment module 14 and the second adjustment module 24 are scanning mirrors, which are used to reflect optical signals, and can form an optical path between any window and the transmitting or receiving module depending on the rotation angle of the scanning mirrors.

[0079] Referring to Figures 11 and 12, in the embodiment where the wireless signal is an electromagnetic signal, in the baseband unit 10, the first transmitting module 12 includes a transmitting radiator 31 and a digital-to-analog converter 32, the first receiving module 13 includes a receiving radiator 41 and an analog-to-digital converter 42, and the first adjustment module 14 is an adjustable reflective surface. The transmitting radiator 31 is connected to the first processing module 11 through the digital-to-analog converter 32. The digital-to-analog converter 32 converts the first baseband data in the digital domain into an analog signal, and the transmitting radiator 31 radiates an electromagnetic signal according to the analog signal. Conversely, the receiving radiator 41 is connected to the first processing module 11 through the analog-to-digital converter 42. The receiving radiator 41 converts the received electromagnetic signal into an analog signal, and then converts it into the first baseband data in the digital domain through the analog-to-digital converter 42 and transmits it to the first processing module 11 for processing.

[0080] In the above embodiments, the first transmitting module 12 further includes a first link 121, and the first receiving module 13 further includes a second link 131; the first link 121 connects the transmitting radiator 31 and the digital-to-analog converter 32, and the second link 131 connects the receiving radiator 41 and the analog-to-digital converter 42; both the first link 121 and the second link 131 can be radio frequency processing links, wherein the radio frequency processing links are used to realize signal frequency conversion, which can reduce high-frequency signals to intermediate frequency signals, or increase intermediate frequency signals to high-frequency signals, so as to reduce the noise generated during signal transmission.

[0081] In embodiments where the wireless signal is an electromagnetic signal, the second transmitting module 22 in the antenna unit 20 may also include a transmitting radiator 31 and a digital-to-analog converter 32, and the second receiving module 23 may also include a receiving radiator 41 and an analog-to-digital converter 42. The second adjustment module 24 is an adjustable reflector. The transmitting radiator 31 is connected to the second processing module 21 via the digital-to-analog converter 32; the receiving radiator 41 is connected to the second processing module 21 via the analog-to-digital converter 42. The principle is the same as that of the first transmitting module 12 and the second transmitting module 22 in the baseband unit 10, and will not be described in detail here. The second transmitting module 22 may also include a third link 221, and the second receiving module 23 may also include a fourth link 231. The third link 221 connects the transmitting radiator 31 and the digital-to-analog converter 32, and the fourth link 231 connects the receiving radiator 41 and the analog-to-digital converter 42. Similarly, both the third link 221 and the fourth link 231 can be radio frequency processing links, and will not be described in detail here.

[0082] The adjustable reflective surface in the two embodiments described above may include a metal plate, a plate with high conductivity, etc. It is understood that the higher the conductivity of the plate, the less electromagnetic signal loss occurs during the process of the plate reflecting electromagnetic signals.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A transceiver device, characterized in that, include: The baseband unit and multiple antenna units are provided. The baseband unit is arranged adjacent to at least two of the antenna units. The baseband unit is wirelessly connected to the adjacent antenna units in a switchable manner. The antenna units are arranged adjacent to at least two other antenna units. The multiple antenna units are wirelessly connected in sequence to form a serial link. When several of the antenna elements fail, the transceiver adjusts the connection order of the multiple antenna elements to form a new serial link.

2. The transceiver device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projections of the baseband unit and the plurality of antenna units on the first plane are all polygons. The projections of the antenna units adjacent to the baseband unit are adjacent to the projection of the baseband unit, and the projections of the remaining antenna units are adjacent to each other, so as to cover the first plane.

3. The transceiver device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The projections of the baseband unit and the plurality of antenna units onto the first plane are all regular hexagons, and the side lengths of each regular hexagon are equal.

4. The transceiver device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The baseband unit includes a first housing, the projection of the first housing onto the first plane is a polygon, and a first window is provided on the first housing corresponding to each side of the polygon. The antenna unit includes a second housing, the projection of the second housing onto the first plane is a polygon, and a second window is provided on the second housing corresponding to each side of the polygon; The first window and the second window are used to allow wireless signals to pass through.

5. The transceiver device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The baseband unit includes a first processing module, a first transmitting module, and a first adjustment module; the first processing module is electrically connected to both the first transmitting module and the first adjustment module. The first transmitting module is used to transmit a wireless signal to the first adjusting module, and the first adjusting module is used to adjust the direction of the wireless signal transmitted by the first transmitting module to switch the antenna unit connected to the baseband unit.

6. The transceiver device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The baseband unit includes a first processing module, a first receiving module, and a first adjustment module; the first processing module is electrically connected to both the first receiving module and the first adjustment module. The first receiving module is used to receive the wireless signal transmitted by the antenna unit, and the first adjustment module is also used to adjust the direction of the wireless signal from the antenna unit so that the wireless signal is directed toward the first receiving module.

7. The transceiver device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wireless signal includes an optical signal; the first transmitting module includes a laser transmitter; the first receiving module includes a photodiode; and the first adjustment device includes a scanning galvanometer.

8. The transceiver device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wireless signal includes an electromagnetic signal; the first transmitting module includes a transmitting radiator and a digital-to-analog converter, the transmitting radiator being connected to the first processing module through the digital-to-analog converter for transmitting wireless signals; the first receiving module includes a receiving radiator and an analog-to-digital converter, the receiving radiator being connected to the first processing module through the analog-to-digital converter for receiving wireless signals; the first adjusting device includes an adjustable reflective surface.

9. The transceiver device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first transmitting module further includes a first link, which connects the emitting radiator and the digital-to-analog converter; The first receiving module further includes a second link, which connects the receiving radiator and the analog-to-digital converter.

10. The transceiver according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The antenna unit includes a second processing module, a second transmitting module, a second receiving module, and a second adjustment module; the second processing module is electrically connected to the second transmitting module, the second receiving module, and the second adjustment module. The second transmitting module is used to transmit wireless signals to other antenna units, and the second adjusting module is used to adjust the direction of the wireless signals transmitted by the second transmitting module to switch the antenna units connected to this antenna unit; The second receiving module is used to receive the wireless signal transmitted by the baseband unit or other antenna unit, and the second adjustment module is also used to adjust the direction of the wireless signal from the baseband unit or other antenna unit so that the wireless signal is directed toward the second receiving module.

11. The transceiver according to claim 10, characterized in that, The wireless signal includes an optical signal; the second transmitting module includes a laser transmitter; the second receiving module includes a photodiode; and the second adjustment device includes a scanning galvanometer.

12. The transceiver device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The wireless signal includes an electromagnetic signal; the second transmitting module includes a transmitting radiator and a digital-to-analog converter, the transmitting radiator being connected to the second processing module through the digital-to-analog converter for transmitting wireless signals; the second receiving module includes a receiving radiator and an analog-to-digital converter, the receiving radiator being connected to the second processing module through the analog-to-digital converter for receiving wireless signals; the second adjusting device includes an adjustable reflective surface.

13. The transceiver according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second transmitting module further includes a third link connecting the transmitting radiator and the digital-to-analog converter; the second receiving module further includes a fourth link connecting the receiving radiator and the analog-to-digital converter.

14. A network device, characterized in that, The network device includes the transceiver as described in any one of claims 1-13.

15. The network device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The network device includes a parabolic reflector, and the transceiver is mounted on the parabolic reflector, which is used to reflect satellite signals to the baseband unit.

16. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes the network device and terminal device as described in claim 14 or 15, wherein the network device is used for communication between the terminal device and the satellite.

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