Display substrate and display device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/078092
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-03-27
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
Smart Images
Figure CN2026078092_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A display substrate and a display device
[0001] Cross-reference to related applications
[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510377002.0, filed in China on March 27, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate and a display device. Background Technology
[0004] With the rapid development of OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display devices, OLED displays have been adopted in numerous terminal devices. Compared with traditional LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) displays, OLED displays have many advantages, such as a wide color gamut, vibrant colors, the ability to achieve curved screens, and full-screen designs, thus gaining widespread consumer acceptance. For example, OLED displays have begun to penetrate automotive display applications. However, for automotive displays, privacy features and narrow viewing angle designs are required. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address at least one technical problem in the prior art, this disclosure provides a display substrate and a display device.
[0006] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of this disclosure is as follows: Firstly, the embodiments of this disclosure provide a display substrate, including:
[0007] Substrate;
[0008] A pixel structure layer is disposed on the substrate, the pixel structure layer including a plurality of pixel openings and sub-pixels disposed in the pixel openings;
[0009] A touch-sensing layer is disposed on the side of the pixel structure layer away from the substrate. The touch-sensing layer includes a first touch metal layer, a touch insulating layer, and a second touch metal layer sequentially disposed along a direction away from the substrate.
[0010] The display substrate has a light-shielding layer with an opening pattern corresponding to at least a portion of the pixel openings; at least one of the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer is configured as the light-shielding layer; and / or, the light-shielding layer is provided on the side of the touch sensing layer away from the substrate.
[0011] For example, when both the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer are configured as the light-shielding layer, the first touch metal layer has a first opening pattern corresponding to the pixel opening, and the second touch metal layer has a second opening pattern corresponding to the pixel opening; wherein, the first opening pattern, the second opening pattern and the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening on the substrate at least partially overlap, and the orthographic projection of the first opening pattern and the second opening pattern on the substrate covers the corresponding pixel opening.
[0012] For example, the first touch metal layer includes a first touch electrode pattern and a first connection electrode pattern, and the second touch metal layer includes a second touch electrode pattern and a second connection electrode pattern.
[0013] For example, the opening size of the first opening pattern is L1, the opening size of the second opening pattern is L2, and the opening size of the pixel opening is L0; wherein, the first opening pattern and the second opening pattern corresponding to the same pixel opening satisfy the following relationship: L2≥L1≥L0.
[0014] For example, the difference between L1 and L0 ranges from 0 to 6 μm; the difference between L2 and L1 ranges from 0 to 6 μm.
[0015] For example, the touch insulating layer includes an optical insulating layer, and the film thickness of the optical insulating layer ranges from 3 to 15 μm.
[0016] For example, the optical insulating layer includes at least two sub-insulating layers, the at least two sub-insulating layers including at least two organic insulating layers stacked sequentially along a direction away from the substrate; or, the at least two sub-insulating layers include at least one organic insulating layer and at least one inorganic insulating layer stacked sequentially along a direction away from the substrate.
[0017] For example, in at least two adjacent sub-insulating layers, the one relatively closer to the substrate has a greater refractive index than the other relatively farther from the substrate.
[0018] For example, in the optical insulating layer, the thickness of the sub-insulating layer closest to the second touch metal layer is 1 to 2 μm.
[0019] For example, the touch insulating layer further includes a first protective layer located on the side of the optical insulating layer away from the substrate.
[0020] For example, the dielectric constant of the optical insulating layer is 2.5 to 5, and the distance between the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer in the direction perpendicular to the substrate is greater than or equal to 7 μm.
[0021] For example, the first touch metal layer includes a first touch pattern, the second touch metal layer includes a second touch pattern, and the orthographic projections of the first touch pattern and the second touch pattern on the substrate are arranged around the pixel opening;
[0022] The touch insulating layer includes an optical insulating layer, which includes a plurality of islands and a plurality of pixel portions. The pixel portions and the orthographic projection of the pixel openings on the substrate at least partially overlap. The island portions are located between the pixel portions and cover the corresponding first touch pattern. There is a gap between adjacent island portions and pixel portions. The island portions have a sloping sidewall that is inclined relative to the substrate on the side adjacent to the pixel portions. The second touch pattern covers the surface of the islands on the side away from the substrate and covers the sloping sidewalls via the gaps.
[0023] For example, the display substrate further includes a second protective layer located on the side of the second touch metal layer away from the substrate; wherein,
[0024] When the light-shielding layer is provided on the side of the touch-sensing layer away from the substrate, the light-shielding layer is located on the side of the second protective layer away from the substrate; or,
[0025] The second touch pattern is constructed of a black light-absorbing metal material, so that the second touch metal layer is constructed as the light-shielding layer.
[0026] For example, the first touch metal layer includes a first touch electrode pattern and a first connection electrode pattern, and the second touch metal layer includes a second touch electrode pattern and a second connection electrode pattern.
[0027] Alternatively, the pattern of the touch metal layer may include a touch electrode pattern and a bridging pattern, wherein one of the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer includes the bridging pattern and the other includes the touch electrode pattern.
[0028] For example, it also includes:
[0029] A touch protection layer is disposed on the side of the touch sensing layer away from the substrate; and
[0030] A microlens array layer is disposed on the side of the touch protection layer away from the substrate. The microlens array layer includes a plurality of microlens units, and each microlens unit is provided with at least one pixel opening.
[0031] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a display device, including the display substrate described above. Attached Figure Description
[0032] Figure 1 shows one of the structural schematic diagrams of the display substrate provided in this disclosure;
[0033] Figure 2 shows a second schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate provided in this disclosure;
[0034] Figure 3 shows a third schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate provided in this disclosure;
[0035] Figure 4 shows a fourth schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate provided in this disclosure;
[0036] Figure 5 shows the fifth schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate provided in this disclosure. Detailed Implementation
[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
[0038] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.
[0039] The features such as "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical" used in the embodiments of this disclosure include features in the strict sense of "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical," as well as cases where "approximately parallel," "approximately perpendicular," and "approximately identical" include certain tolerances. Taking into account the measurement and the tolerances associated with the measurement of a specific quantity (e.g., limitations of the measurement system), they represent the acceptable deviation range for a specific value as determined by a person skilled in the art. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 3% or 5% of said value.
[0040] Furthermore, throughout this document, unless otherwise defined, the terms “substantially,” “essentially,” “approximately,” and “about” are used to describe and explain small variations. When used with an event or situation, these terms can cover situations where the event or situation occurs precisely or approximately. For example, when used with a numerical value, these terms can include a range of variation of the numerical value less than or equal to 10%, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%. The term “substantially coplanar” can refer to two surfaces arranged along the same plane within a micrometer range, for example, within 40 μm, 30 μm, 20 μm, 10 μm, or 1 μm.
[0041] It should be understood that, in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it may mean that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or that there is an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate. "A and B are set in the same layer" means that after A and B are formed using the same film deposition process to form a film layer for forming a specific pattern, the layer structure is formed in one patterning process using the same photomask.
[0042] Before providing a detailed description of the display substrate, its manufacturing method, and the display device disclosed herein, the following explanations will be given regarding related technologies:
[0043] Among related technologies, OLED display technology has been widely used in various products. In some application scenarios, the display screen needs to have a narrow viewing angle privacy function.
[0044] Taking in-vehicle displays as an example, when used at night, they can create reflections on the car windows, which can obstruct the driver's view and pose a safety hazard. Therefore, in-vehicle displays need to be designed with a narrow viewing angle to eliminate reflections within the driver's field of vision.
[0045] Based on this, the present disclosure provides a display substrate and its manufacturing method, as well as a display device, which can achieve a narrow viewing angle design and a privacy protection effect.
[0046] Figures 1 to 5 show schematic diagrams of the structures of several embodiments of the display substrate provided in this disclosure.
[0047] Referring to Figures 1 and 5, the display substrate provided in this embodiment may include: a substrate 100, a pixel structure layer 200 disposed on the substrate 100, and a touch sensing layer 300.
[0048] The substrate 100 can be made of the substrate materials commonly used in existing display panels; it can be a glass substrate, a silicon substrate, etc.; it can also be a flexible substrate, for example, polyimide (PI) or other flexible materials with similar characteristics.
[0049] A pixel structure layer 200 is disposed on the substrate 100 and is used to realize the display function of the display substrate. The pixel structure layer 200 may include a plurality of pixel openings 201 and sub-pixels 222 disposed in the pixel openings 201. For example, the pixel structure layer 200 may include a driving circuit layer 210 and a light-emitting structure layer 220. The driving circuit layer 210 may include a plurality of thin-film transistors arranged in an array for driving the light-emitting structure layer 220. The light-emitting structure layer 220 may include a pixel definition layer 221 and sub-pixels 222. A plurality of pixel openings 201 may be defined on the pixel definition layer 221, and one pixel opening 201 may correspond to one sub-pixel 222.
[0050] For example, sub-pixel 222 may include an anode 2221, a cathode 2222, and a light-emitting layer 2223 located between the anode 2221 and the cathode 2222. The specific implementation of the pixel structure layer 200 can be referred to existing technologies, and will not be elaborated further in this embodiment. However, the specific type of sub-pixel 222 is not limited here. For example, the embodiments of this application can be applied to organic light-emitting elements (OLEDs), Tandom OLEDs, Quantum Dot OLEDs, Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), Micro LEDs (including mini-LEDs or micro-LEDs), or LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays).
[0051] A touch sensing layer 300 is disposed on the side of the pixel structure layer 200 away from the substrate 100, and the touch sensing layer 300 is used to realize the touch function of the display substrate. The touch sensing layer 300 may include a first touch metal layer TMA, a touch insulating layer 500 and a second touch metal layer TMB sequentially disposed along a direction away from the substrate 100. The first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB are used to form touch patterns on the touch sensing layer 300, and the touch insulating layer 500 serves as insulation between the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB.
[0052] The display substrate also includes a light-shielding layer 400 having an opening pattern corresponding to at least a portion of the pixel openings 201, wherein at least one of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB is configured as the light-shielding layer 400; and / or, the light-shielding layer 400 is provided on the side of the touch sensing layer 300 away from the substrate 100.
[0053] In the above scheme, the pixel structure layer 200 and touch sensing layer 300 disposed on the substrate 100 can realize the display and touch functions of the display substrate. By constructing at least one touch metal layer in the touch sensing layer 300 as a light-shielding layer 400, or by separately disposing of a light-shielding layer 400 on the side of the touch sensing layer 300 away from the substrate 100, or by constructing at least one touch metal layer as a light-shielding layer 400 and then separately disposing of another light-shielding layer 400 on the side of the touch sensing layer 300 away from the substrate 100, the opening pattern on the light-shielding layer 400 corresponds to some or all of the pixel openings 201. Utilizing the opening pattern on the light-shielding layer 400, the emission of wide-viewing-angle light from some or all of the pixel openings 201 can be reduced, achieving a narrow viewing angle design and giving the display substrate a privacy protection effect. Furthermore, with the rapid development of display technology, automotive display panels have been widely used in automobiles. In-vehicle display panels typically include a driver's screen, a central control screen, and a passenger-side screen. To prevent driver interference from the passenger-side screen during driving, which could lead to safety hazards, the passenger-side screen is usually set to be invisible to the driver and only visible to the passenger. However, as users' demands for a better driving experience increase, there is a need to switch the passenger-side screen to be accessible to the driver, either while ensuring driving safety or when the car is stationary. Therefore, how to make the passenger-side screen simultaneously visible to both the driver and passenger, and how to freely switch between a driver-visible mode (shared mode) and an invisible mode (anti-peeping mode), is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
[0054] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG1, the effective display area of the display substrate may include a privacy protection area AA1 and a shared area AA2. The sub-pixels in the privacy protection area AA1 are privacy protection sub-pixels 222a, and the sub-pixels in the shared area AA2 are shared sub-pixels 222b. Correspondingly, the driving circuit layer 210 includes a privacy protection driving circuit 210a and a shared driving circuit 210b. The privacy protection driving circuit 210a drives the privacy protection sub-pixels 222a, and the shared driving circuit 210b drives the shared sub-pixels 222b. A light-shielding layer 400 may be at least disposed in the privacy protection area AA1, and the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400 at least corresponds to the pixel opening 201 of the privacy protection sub-pixels 222a.
[0055] The privacy driving circuit 210a is used to drive the privacy sub-pixel 222a, and the shared driving circuit 210b is used to drive the shared sub-pixel 222b, so as to realize the individual control of the privacy sub-pixel 222a and the shared sub-pixel 222b.
[0056] When the shared sub-pixel 222b is lit, the light emission range of the display substrate can be expanded, the light emission efficiency of the display substrate can be improved, and the host, which is diagonally opposite to the display substrate, can also receive the light from the display panel and see the display content of the display substrate.
[0057] When the display substrate is in privacy mode, only the privacy sub-pixel 222a is lit. The angle of light emitted by the privacy sub-pixel 222a is small, so that only the passenger seat, which is directly opposite the display substrate, can see it, while the driver seat cannot. When the display substrate is in sharing mode, both the privacy sub-pixel 222a and the sharing sub-pixel 222b are lit, or only the sharing sub-pixel 222b is lit. The angle of light emitted by the sharing sub-pixel 222b is large, which expands the visible range of the display substrate, so that the driver seat, which is diagonally opposite the display substrate, can also see it, thus making both the driver and passenger seats visible.
[0058] Therefore, the display substrate of this application embodiment can switch between privacy mode and sharing mode, thereby enabling the passenger screen to be visible to both the driver and passenger at the same time, and the driver's visible mode (sharing mode) and invisible mode (privacy mode) can be freely switched.
[0059] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the display substrate can switch between a privacy mode and a sharing mode, but this is not a limitation. For example, in other embodiments, the display substrate may not be switchable between a privacy mode and a sharing mode.
[0060] For example, in some embodiments, the display substrate includes a privacy area AA1 and a sharing area AA2. The privacy area AA1 can be configured to achieve a privacy effect in a fixed direction, in which case the privacy mode and sharing mode of the display substrate do not need to be switched. In this embodiment, when the display substrate is applied to the passenger-side screen, the privacy area AA1 can be made invisible only to the driver.
[0061] For example, in some other embodiments, the display substrate may only include a privacy protection area. In other words, the AA1 and AA2 areas shown in FIG1 are both privacy protection areas. The display substrate may only have a privacy protection mode, and the opening pattern of the light shielding layer 400 may be configured to correspond to the pixel openings of some or all of the sub-pixels 222a.
[0062] For example, in some other embodiments, the display substrate may only include a shared area. In other words, the AA1 and AA2 areas shown in FIG1 are both shared areas. The display substrate may only have a shared mode, and the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400 may be set to correspond to the pixel openings 201 of some or all of the sub-pixels 222.
[0063] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400 may be set only to correspond to the pixel opening of the privacy sub-pixel 222a, while the pixel opening of the shared sub-pixel 222b is not provided with the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400; or, the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400 may also be set only to correspond to the pixel opening of the shared sub-pixel 222b, while the pixel opening of the privacy sub-pixel 222a is not provided with the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400; or, the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400 may be set only to correspond to the pixel openings of both the shared sub-pixel 222b and the privacy sub-pixel 222a.
[0064] Because of the presence of the aforementioned light-shielding layer 400, the aperture ratio of the display substrate is reduced, thereby decreasing the lifespan of the display substrate. Therefore, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the display substrate further includes:
[0065] A touch protection layer TOC is disposed on the side of the touch sensing layer 300 away from the substrate 100; and
[0066] The microlens array layer MLA is disposed on the side of the touch protection layer TOC away from the substrate 100. The microlens array layer MLA includes a plurality of microlens units S, and each microlens unit S is disposed corresponding to at least one pixel opening 201.
[0067] By adopting the above solution, by setting a microlens array layer (MLA) on the display substrate, the microlens array layer (MLA) can increase the light emission effect of the front side of the display substrate and increase the service life of the display substrate.
[0068] It should be noted that the microlens array layer MLA can be set to correspond to some or all of the pixel openings 201.
[0069] For example, as shown in Figure 1, the effective display area of the display substrate may include a privacy protection area AA1 and a shared area AA2. In some embodiments, the microlens array layer MLA may be disposed only in the privacy protection area AA1; in other embodiments, the microlens array layer MLA may be disposed in both the privacy protection area AA1 and the shared area AA2.
[0070] The touch sensing layer 300 can support mutual capacitance mode and self-capacitance mode. The touch pattern of the touch sensing layer 300 can support any suitable touch pattern, such as a metal mesh pattern or a touch electrode block pattern.
[0071] For example, in mutual capacitance mode, the touch pattern may include a touch driving electrode (TX) for transmitting touch transmission signals and a touch sensing electrode (RX) for transmitting touch reception signals. The overlapping area of the touch sensing electrode and the touch driving electrode can generate capacitance. Taking a metal mesh pattern as an example, each mesh pattern may correspond to one or more sub-pixels.
[0072] In related technologies, the line width of the metal mesh is generally narrow, the overlapping area of the touch sensing electrode and the touch driving electrode is small, and the mutual capacitance between the two is large. This results in a small change in touch capacitance when touched by a finger, which can lead to touch failure.
[0073] To address the aforementioned issues, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, at least one of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB is configured as a light-shielding layer 400. For example, both the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB are configured as light-shielding layers 400. In this case, the first touch metal layer TMA has a first opening pattern P1 corresponding to the pixel opening 201, and the second touch metal layer TMB has a second opening pattern P2 corresponding to the pixel opening 201. The first opening pattern P1, the second opening pattern P2, and the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening 201 onto the substrate 100 at least partially overlap, and the orthographic projection of the first opening pattern P1, the second opening pattern P2, and the second opening pattern P2 onto the substrate 100 covers the corresponding pixel opening 201.
[0074] The above solution sets the patterns of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB to correspond with the patterns of the pixel openings 201. The first and second touch metal layers TMA and TMB are used for light-shielding, achieving large-area coverage of the touch metal layers. In other words, compared to related technologies, the width of the grid lines on the touch metal layer is increased, making the difference between the grid line width and the spacing between adjacent pixel openings 201 less than a threshold value, for example, 0–6 μm. Because the coverage area or line width of the first and second touch metal layers TMA and TMB is increased, the overlap area between the touch driving electrode and the touch sensing electrode can be increased, thereby reducing the mutual capacitance between the touch driving electrode and the touch sensing electrode, increasing the change in touch capacitance, improving touch accuracy, and solving the touch failure problem.
[0075] Furthermore, when the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB are used directly as the light-shielding layer 400, there is no need to set up a separate light-shielding layer 400 separately, which can reduce the number of photomasks in the process, simplify the process steps, and increase production capacity.
[0076] Furthermore, it should be noted that in this embodiment, since a touch insulating layer 500 is provided between the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB, the overlapping area of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB is increased. The capacitance value between the touch driving electrode and the touch sensing electrode can be better controlled by adjusting the film thickness and dielectric constant of the touch insulating layer 500.
[0077] For example, as the overlap area of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB increases, it is necessary to adjust the dielectric constant and film thickness of the touch insulating layer 500 to control the capacitance value Cm of the touch electrode. For instance, taking the touch insulating layer 500 as including an organic insulating layer, the dielectric constant of the organic insulating layer can be 2.5 to 5, and the distance between the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB in the direction perpendicular to the substrate 100 is greater than or equal to 7 μm. However, this is not a limitation.
[0078] Furthermore, in some exemplary embodiments, the opening size of the first opening pattern P1 is L1, the opening size of the second opening pattern P2 is L2, and the opening size of the pixel opening 201 is L0; wherein, the first opening pattern P1 and the second opening pattern P2 corresponding to the same pixel opening 201 satisfy the following relationship: L2≥L1≥L0. In this way, while reducing the emission of light with a large viewing angle, it is possible to ensure that as many small viewing angle light rays as possible are emitted from the sub-pixel 222, so as to ensure the light extraction rate.
[0079] It should be noted that the above-mentioned opening size refers to the inner diameter of the opening in the direction parallel to the substrate 100. The opening size L1 of the first opening pattern P1 is equal to the opening size L0 of the pixel opening 201, specifically, the first opening pattern P1 is flush with one side edge of the pixel opening 201; the opening size L1 of the first opening pattern P1 is greater than the opening size L0 of the pixel opening 201, specifically, the first opening pattern P1 is outwardly extended relative to one side edge of the pixel opening 201; similarly, the opening size L2 of the second opening pattern P1 is equal to the opening size L1 of the first opening pattern P1, specifically, the second opening pattern P2 is flush with one side edge of the first opening pattern P1; the opening size L2 of the second opening pattern P2 is greater than the opening size L1 of the first opening pattern P1, specifically, the second opening pattern P2 is outwardly extended relative to one side edge of the first opening pattern P1.
[0080] For example, the opening of the pixel aperture 201 can be any suitable shape, such as a circle, ellipse, or rectangle, as the outline of its orthographic projection onto the substrate 100. Taking a circle as an example, the opening size of the pixel aperture 201 can be the diameter of the circle in the direction parallel to the substrate 100; taking an ellipse as an example, the opening size of the pixel aperture 201 can be the major axis of the ellipse in the direction parallel to the substrate 100; taking a rectangle as an example, the opening size of the pixel aperture 201 can be the long and short sides of the rectangle in the direction parallel to the substrate 100.
[0081] The specific difference between L1 and L0, and between L2 and L1, is related to the distance between the first touch metal layer TMA and the pixel opening 201, as well as the film thickness of the tactile insulating layer.
[0082] In some exemplary embodiments, the difference between L1 and L0 ranges from 0 to 6 μm; the difference between L2 and L1 ranges from 0 to 6 μm. In other words, the outer margin of one side of the first opening pattern P1 relative to the outer margin of one side of the pixel opening 201 is 0 to 3 μm. The outer margin of one side of the second opening pattern P1 relative to the outer margin of one side of the second opening pattern P1 is 0 to 3 μm. In this way, while reducing the emission of light with a large viewing angle, it is possible to ensure that as many small-viewing-angle rays as possible are emitted from the sub-pixel 222 to guarantee the light extraction rate. However, this is not a limitation.
[0083] In addition, in some exemplary embodiments, the touch insulating layer 500 may include an optical insulating layer 510. For example, the optical insulating layer 510 may be an organic insulating layer, an optical adhesive layer (OC), or an optical printing layer formed by ink printing.
[0084] In this embodiment, when the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB are used as the light-shielding layer 400, the film thickness of the optical insulating layer 510 can range from 3 to 15 μm. However, it is not limited to this.
[0085] Furthermore, the optical insulating layer 510 conformally covers the side of the first touch metal layer TMA away from the substrate 100. Taking the optical insulating layer 510 as an optical adhesive layer as an example, the display substrate includes an effective display area and a peripheral area located around the effective display area. The optical adhesive layer can be fabricated through steps such as coating and illumination. After the optical adhesive layer is fabricated, the optical insulating layer 510 will have a slope in the peripheral area of the display substrate on the side away from the substrate 100. To ensure that the second touch metal layer TMB does not experience problems such as broken lines or residues at the locations where it crosses the slope, in some embodiments, the slope angle of the optical insulating layer 510 can be less than or equal to 70°.
[0086] Taking the optical insulating layer 510 as an example of the optical printing layer, the optical printing layer is formed by printing process, and the resulting slope angle is small or even non-existent. Therefore, it can be ensured that the second touch metal layer TMB will not have problems such as broken lines or residues.
[0087] Furthermore, as the thickness of the optical adhesive layer increases, the slope angle of the optical insulating layer 510 increases, which limits the thickness of the optical adhesive layer when adjusting the capacitance value in the touch sensing layer 300.
[0088] To address the aforementioned issues, in some embodiments of this disclosure, as shown in FIG2, the optical insulating layer 510 includes at least two sub-insulating layers. These at least two sub-insulating layers include at least two organic insulating layers sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 100. For example, the organic insulating layer may be an optical adhesive layer 511. Alternatively, the at least two sub-insulating layers may include at least one organic insulating layer and at least one inorganic insulating layer sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 100.
[0089] In this way, by designing the optical insulating layer 510 as a multilayer film stacked structure, each organic or inorganic insulating layer can be formed separately. By stacking multiple film layers to achieve the target film thickness, the purpose of controlling the capacitance value in the touch sensing layer 300 can be met, while avoiding excessive slope of the optical insulating layer 510.
[0090] Furthermore, by constructing the optical insulating layer 510 as at least two organic insulating layers, or at least one organic insulating layer and at least one inorganic insulating layer, the refractive index of each layer can be adjusted individually to reduce the problem of light leakage at large viewing angles. For example, among at least two adjacent sub-insulating layers, the one relatively closer to the substrate 100 has a larger refractive index than the other relatively farther from the substrate 100.
[0091] Taking Figure 2 as an example, at least two organic insulating layers include a first optical adhesive layer 5111 and a second optical adhesive layer 5112. The first optical adhesive layer 5111 is located on the side of the second optical adhesive layer 5112 closer to the substrate 100, and the refractive index of the first optical adhesive layer 5111 can be greater than the refractive index of the second optical adhesive layer 5112. In this way, large-angle light will undergo total internal reflection at the interface between the first optical adhesive layer 5111 and the second optical adhesive layer 5112, thereby reducing the emission of large-angle light.
[0092] It is understood that when there are multiple layers of optical adhesive layer 511, the multiple layers of optical adhesive layer 511 may be arranged in such a way that the refractive index gradually decreases along the direction away from the substrate 100; or, in at least some of the adjacent optical adhesive layers 511, the one relatively closer to the substrate 100 has a larger refractive index than the other relatively farther from the substrate 100. There is no limitation on this.
[0093] Furthermore, in some exemplary embodiments, among the at least two sub-insulating layers, the film thickness of the optical adhesive layer 511 closest to the second touch metal layer TMB is 1–2 μm. This ensures that the slope angle of the optical adhesive layer 511 located below the second touch metal layer TMB is less than or equal to 70°, thereby avoiding problems such as wire breakage or residue in the second touch metal layer TMB.
[0094] Furthermore, in some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the touch insulating layer 500 may further include a first protective layer 520, which is located on the side of the optical insulating layer 510 away from the substrate 100. The function of the first protective layer 520 is to protect the organic film layer located beneath it. In this way, when the second touch metal layer TMB is patterned, corrosion of the organic film layer (such as the optical insulating layer 510) below the first protective layer 520 can be avoided, thereby affecting the etching of the second touch metal layer TMB and preventing problems such as residue of the second touch metal layer TMB.
[0095] The first protective layer 520 can be an organic layer, such as a siloxane-based organic compound, with a film thickness of 1 to 3 μm; the first protective layer 520 can also be an inorganic layer, such as silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon oxide (SiO2), etc., with a film thickness of 200 to 300 angstroms.
[0096] In addition, the first protective layer 520 can be a single layer or a multilayer film composite structure. For example, the first protective layer 520 can be formed by stacking at least two organic layers, or at least two inorganic layers, or at least one organic layer and at least one inorganic layer.
[0097] In some exemplary embodiments, the first touch metal layer TMA may include a first touch electrode pattern X1 and a first connection electrode pattern; the second touch metal layer TMB includes a second touch electrode pattern X2 and a second connection electrode pattern; wherein, one of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB is a touch driving electrode for transmitting touch transmission signals, and the other is a touch sensing electrode for transmitting touch reception signals.
[0098] It should be noted that when one of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB serves as the touch driving electrode and the other serves as the touch sensing electrode, no electrical connection is required between the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB within the effective display area of the display substrate. Therefore, there are no vias in the optical insulating layer 510 and the first protective layer 520 within the effective display area, and the optical insulating layer 510 and the first protective layer 520 can be removed in the peripheral area of the display panel. In terms of process, the first touch metal layer TMA, the optical insulating layer 510, and the first protective layer 520 can be formed sequentially on the substrate 100, and then the second touch metal layer TMB and the touch protective layer TOC can be formed. The touch protective layer TOC can be used as a mask to pattern the first protective layer 520 and the optical insulating layer 510 to remove the portions of the first protective layer 520 and the optical insulating layer 510 located in the peripheral area.
[0099] It should also be noted that in the above embodiments, the organic film layer below is protected by setting the first protective layer 520. In other embodiments, if the organic material of the optical insulating layer 510 has good etching resistance, the first protective layer 520 may not be necessary. For example, when the optical insulating layer 510 is a Si-O material with silicon (Si) and oxygen (O) as the main materials, the first protective layer 520 can be omitted.
[0100] The touch insulating layer 500 can be a single layer or a stacked structure of at least two film layers; the touch insulating layer 500 can include only an organic insulating layer, only an inorganic insulating layer, or at least one organic insulating layer and at least one inorganic insulating layer.
[0101] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the above embodiments, when the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB are used as shielding layers at the same time, the first touch metal layer TMA includes a first touch electrode pattern X1 and a first connection electrode pattern, and the second touch metal layer TMB includes a second touch electrode pattern X2 and a second connection electrode pattern, but is not limited to this.
[0102] For example, in other embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the pattern of the touch metal layer may include a touch electrode pattern X3 and a bridging pattern X4. The first touch metal layer TMA may include the bridging pattern X4, and the second touch metal layer TMB may include the touch electrode pattern X3. Alternatively, the first touch metal layer TMA may include the touch electrode pattern X3, and the second touch metal layer TMB may include the bridging pattern X4. The touch electrode pattern X3 may include a first touch electrode X31, a second touch electrode X32, and a connecting bridge X33 connecting adjacent first touch electrodes X31. The bridging pattern X4 may connect adjacent second touch electrodes X32. In this case, a via 512 may be provided on the optical insulating layer 510, and the bridging pattern X4 and the second touch electrode X32 are connected through the via 512.
[0103] It should be noted that, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the optical insulating layer 510 is only one layer. In this embodiment, the optical insulating layer 510 may also include at least two organic insulating layers, or the optical insulating layer 510 may include at least one organic insulating layer and at least one inorganic insulating layer, in order to reduce problems such as broken lines and residues in the second touch metal layer TMB, and the refractive index of each layer can be adjusted individually to reduce the problem of light leakage at a large viewing angle.
[0104] Furthermore, in some other exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG4, the first touch metal layer TMA includes a first touch pattern 310, and the second touch metal layer TMB includes a second touch pattern 320. The orthographic projections of the first touch pattern 310 and the second touch pattern 320 on the substrate 100 are disposed around the pixel opening 201. The touch insulating layer 500 may include an optical insulating layer 510, which includes a plurality of island portions 5101 and a plurality of pixel portions 5102. The pixel portions 5102 and the pixel opening 201 are connected. The orthographic projections of 01 on the substrate 100 at least partially overlap. The island portion 5101 is located between the pixel portions 5102 and covers the corresponding first touch pattern 310. There is a gap E between adjacent island portions 5101 and pixel portions 5102. The island portion 5101 has an inclined sidewall 5102a that is inclined relative to the substrate 100 on the side adjacent to the pixel portion 5102. The second touch pattern 320 covers the side surface of the island away from the substrate 100 and covers the inclined sidewall 5102a through the gap E.
[0105] In the above scheme, the optical insulating layer 510 between the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB is patterned, so that island portion 5101 covering the first touch pattern 310 and pixel portion 5102 located between the island portion 5101 are formed on the optical insulating layer 510. Thus, there is a gap E between the island portion 5101 and the pixel portion 5102, and a sloping sidewall 5102a is formed on the side of the island portion 5101 adjacent to the pixel portion 5102. The second touch metal layer TMB covers the sloping sidewall 5102a of the island portion 5101.
[0106] As shown in Figure 4, the display substrate further includes a second protective layer 600 located on the side of the second touch metal layer TMB away from the substrate 100; wherein, when a light-shielding layer 400 is provided on the side of the touch sensing layer 300 away from the substrate 100, the light-shielding layer 400 is located on the side of the second protective layer 600 away from the substrate 100, and the light-shielding layer 400 has an opening pattern corresponding to at least a portion of the pixel openings 201, and the opening size of the opening pattern of the light-shielding layer 400 may be greater than or equal to the opening size of the corresponding pixel opening 201.
[0107] The second protective layer 600 can be an organic layer, such as a siloxane-based organic compound, with a film thickness of 1–3 μm; the second protective layer 600 can also be an inorganic layer, such as silicon nitride (Si3N4) or silicon oxide (SiO2), with a film thickness of 200–300 angstroms. Furthermore, the second protective layer 600 can be a single layer or a multilayer composite structure. For example, the second protective layer 600 can be formed by stacking at least two organic layers, at least two inorganic layers, or at least one organic layer and at least one inorganic layer.
[0108] At this time, the second touch metal layer TMB is a metal layer. When the second touch metal layer TMB corresponds to the position of the oblique sidewall 5102a on the island 5101, it can be formed as a reflective surface. The light emitted from the pixel opening 201 can be reflected multiple times by the second touch metal layer TMB on the oblique sidewall 5102a, which can improve light leakage at a large viewing angle and increase the brightness at a small viewing angle.
[0109] In this embodiment, the first touch metal layer TMA may include a first touch electrode pattern X1, and the second touch metal layer TMB may include a second touch electrode pattern X2, but is not limited thereto. For example, in other embodiments, the pattern of the touch metal layer may include a touch electrode pattern X3 and a bridging pattern X4, the first touch metal layer TMA may include a bridging pattern X4, and the second touch metal layer TMB may include a touch electrode pattern X3, or the first touch metal layer TMA may include a touch electrode pattern X3, and the second touch metal layer TMB may include a bridging pattern X4; the touch electrode pattern X3 may include a first touch electrode, a second touch electrode, and a connecting bridge connecting adjacent first touch electrodes, and the bridging pattern X4 may connect adjacent second touch electrodes. In this case, a via may be provided on the optical insulating layer 510, and the bridging pattern X4 and the second touch electrode are connected through the via.
[0110] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the distance between the light-shielding layer 400 and the second touch metal layer TMB can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the second protective layer 600, thereby adjusting the viewing angle. The second protective layer 600 can be an organic layer or an inorganic layer.
[0111] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, compared to the embodiment shown in FIG4, the light-shielding layer 400 can be omitted. As shown in FIG5, the second touch pattern 320 is constructed as a black light-absorbing metal material, so that the second touch metal layer TMB is constructed as the light-shielding layer 400. In this way, the light-shielding layer can be saved.
[0112] Furthermore, this disclosure also provides a display device, including the display substrate described above. The display device includes, but is not limited to, smartphones, monitors, laptops, tablets, electronic photo frames, dashcams, smart wearable devices, and other devices with display functions. Other essential components of the display device (e.g., driver chips) are readily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be construed as limiting this disclosure. Since the principle by which this display device solves the problem is similar to that of the display substrate described above, the embodiments of the display device provided in this disclosure can be referenced to the embodiments of the display substrate provided in this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.
[0113] Furthermore, this disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing a display substrate, used to manufacture the display substrate of this disclosure embodiment, the method comprising:
[0114] Step S01: Provide a substrate 100;
[0115] Step S02: Form a pixel structure layer 200 on the substrate 100;
[0116] Step S03: A touch sensing layer 300 is formed on the side of the pixel structure layer 200 away from the substrate 100. The touch sensing layer 300 includes a first touch metal layer TMA, a touch insulating layer 500, and a second touch metal layer TMB sequentially disposed along the direction away from the substrate 100. The display substrate has a light-shielding layer 400, which has an opening pattern corresponding to at least a portion of the pixel openings 201. At least one of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB is configured as the light-shielding layer 400; and / or, the light-shielding layer 400 is provided on the side of the touch sensing layer 300 away from the substrate 100.
[0117] Since the principle of the method for manufacturing this display substrate is similar to that of the display substrate described above, the embodiments of the method for manufacturing this display substrate provided in this disclosure can refer to the embodiments of the display substrate described above, and will not be repeated here.
[0118] For example, when the touch insulating layer 500 includes an optical insulating layer 510 and a first protective layer 520, and the first touch metal layer TMA includes a first touch electrode pattern X3X1, and the second touch metal layer TMB includes a second touch electrode pattern X3X2, the above step S03 specifically includes:
[0119] Step S031: Form a first touch metal layer TMA on the pixel structure layer 200;
[0120] Step S032: An optical insulating layer 510 and a first protective layer 520 are sequentially formed on the side of the first touch metal layer TMA away from the substrate 100.
[0121] Step S033: A second touch metal layer TMB is formed on the side of the first protective layer 520 away from the substrate 100;
[0122] Step S034: A touch protection layer TOC is formed on the side of the second touch metal layer TMB away from the substrate 100, and the touch protection layer TOC is used as a mask to pattern the first protection layer 520.
[0123] In the above scheme, when one of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB serves as the touch driving electrode and the other serves as the touch sensing electrode, no electrical connection is required between the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB within the effective display area of the display substrate. Therefore, there are no vias in the optical insulating layer 510 and the first protective layer 520 within the effective display area, and the optical insulating layer 510 and the first protective layer 520 can be removed in the peripheral area of the display panel. In terms of process, the first touch metal layer TMA, the optical insulating layer 510 and the first protective layer 520 can be formed sequentially on the substrate 100, and then the second touch metal layer TMB and the touch protective layer TOC can be formed. The touch protective layer TOC is used as a mask to pattern the first protective layer 520 and the optical insulating layer 510 to remove the portion of the first protective layer 520 and the optical insulating layer 510 located in the peripheral area.
[0124] It should be noted that when the optical insulating layer 510 is made of an etch-resistant material, the steps of forming and patterning the first protective layer 520 can be omitted.
[0125] Furthermore, when the optical insulating layer 510 is configured to include an island portion 5101 and a pixel portion 5102, the above-mentioned step S03 specifically includes:
[0126] Step S031': Form a first touch metal layer TMA on the pixel structure layer 200;
[0127] Step S032': An optical insulating layer 510 is formed on the first touch metal layer TMA, and the optical insulating layer 510 is patterned to obtain an island portion 5101 and a pixel portion 5102.
[0128] Step S033': Form a second touch metal layer TMB on the optical insulating layer 510.
[0129] The following points need to be explained:
[0130] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure. Other structures can be referred to the general design.
[0131] (2) For clarity, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure, i.e., these drawings are not drawn to actual scale. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being “above” or “below” another element, the element may be “directly” located “above” or “below” the other element or there may be intermediate elements.
[0132] (3) Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.
[0133] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of this disclosure shall be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A display substrate, characterized in that, include: Substrate; A pixel structure layer is disposed on the substrate, the pixel structure layer including a plurality of pixel openings and sub-pixels disposed in the pixel openings; A touch-sensing layer is disposed on the side of the pixel structure layer away from the substrate. The touch-sensing layer includes a first touch metal layer, a touch insulating layer, and a second touch metal layer sequentially disposed along a direction away from the substrate. The display substrate has a light-shielding layer with an opening pattern corresponding to at least a portion of the pixel openings; at least one of the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer is configured as the light-shielding layer. And / or, the light-shielding layer is provided on the side of the touch-sensing layer away from the substrate.
2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, When both the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer are configured as the light-shielding layer, the first touch metal layer has a first opening pattern corresponding to the pixel opening, and the second touch metal layer has a second opening pattern corresponding to the pixel opening; wherein the first opening pattern, the second opening pattern and the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening on the substrate at least partially overlap, and the orthographic projection of the first opening pattern and the second opening pattern on the substrate covers the corresponding pixel opening.
3. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first touch metal layer includes a first touch electrode pattern and a first connection electrode pattern, and the second touch metal layer includes a second touch electrode pattern and a second connection electrode pattern.
4. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening size of the first opening pattern is L1, the opening size of the second opening pattern is L2, and the opening size of the pixel opening is L0; wherein, the first opening pattern and the second opening pattern corresponding to the same pixel opening satisfy the following relationship: L2≥L1≥L0.
5. The display substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The difference between L1 and L0 ranges from 0 to 6 μm; the difference between L2 and L1 ranges from 0 to 6 μm.
6. The display substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The touch insulating layer includes an optical insulating layer, and the film thickness of the optical insulating layer ranges from 3 to 15 μm.
7. The display substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical insulating layer includes at least two sub-insulating layers, and the at least two sub-insulating layers include at least two organic insulating layers that are sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate. Alternatively, the at least two sub-insulating layers may comprise at least one organic insulating layer and at least one inorganic insulating layer sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate.
8. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, In at least two adjacent sub-insulating layers, the one relatively closer to the substrate has a greater refractive index than the other relatively farther from the substrate.
9. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the optical insulating layer, the thickness of the sub-insulating layer closest to the second touch metal layer is 1 to 2 μm.
10. The display substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The touch insulating layer further includes a first protective layer located on the side of the optical insulating layer away from the substrate.
11. The display substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dielectric constant of the optical insulating layer is 2.5 to 5, and the distance between the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer in the direction perpendicular to the substrate is greater than or equal to 7 μm.
12. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first touch metal layer includes a first touch pattern, the second touch metal layer includes a second touch pattern, and the orthographic projections of the first touch pattern and the second touch pattern on the substrate are arranged around the pixel opening; The touch insulating layer includes an optical insulating layer, which includes a plurality of islands and a plurality of pixel portions. The pixel portions and the orthographic projection of the pixel openings on the substrate at least partially overlap. The island portions are located between the pixel portions and cover the corresponding first touch pattern. There is a gap between adjacent island portions and pixel portions. The island portions have a sloping sidewall that is inclined relative to the substrate on the side adjacent to the pixel portions. The second touch pattern covers the surface of the islands on the side away from the substrate and covers the sloping sidewalls via the gaps.
13. The display substrate according to claim 12, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a second protective layer located on the side of the second touch metal layer away from the substrate; wherein, When the light-shielding layer is provided on the side of the touch-sensing layer away from the substrate, the light-shielding layer is located on the side of the second protective layer away from the substrate; or, The second touch pattern is constructed of a black light-absorbing metal material, so that the second touch metal layer is constructed as the light-shielding layer.
14. The display substrate according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first touch metal layer includes a first touch electrode pattern and a first connection electrode pattern, and the second touch metal layer includes a second touch electrode pattern and a second connection electrode pattern. Alternatively, the pattern of the touch metal layer may include a touch electrode pattern and a bridging pattern, wherein one of the first touch metal layer and the second touch metal layer includes the bridging pattern and the other includes the touch electrode pattern.
15. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A touch protection layer is disposed on the side of the touch sensing layer away from the substrate. and A microlens array layer is disposed on the side of the touch protection layer away from the substrate. The microlens array layer includes a plurality of microlens units, and each microlens unit is provided with at least one pixel opening.
16. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display substrate as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.