Copper flotation activator and flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore

Abstract

A copper flotation activator for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore, the activator comprising a percarbonate and a water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations. By using a combination of a percarbonate and a water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations as an activator, the activation of sulfide ore is enhanced, and the collection of copper-sulfur intergrowths by a collector is promoted, thereby improving the comprehensive recovery efficiency of copper and gold in gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. After the percarbonate is dissolved in water, a carbonate and hydrogen peroxide are formed. The carbonate can disperse slime and clean the surface of sulfide ore, thereby optimizing the flotation environment. After the hydrogen peroxide acts on the surface of the sulfide ore, some metal cations are dissolved out to form vacancies; moreover, ammonium cations are adsorbed on the surface of the ore, and the adsorption of xanthate anions on the surface of the sulfide ore is promoted, thereby improving the comprehensive recovery efficiency of copper and gold in gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. Further disclosed is a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore.

Description

Copper flotation activator and flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically to a copper flotation activator and flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores. Background Technology

[0002] Copper sulfide ores often contain associated precious metals such as gold, serving as important mineral carriers for gold. During the flotation of copper sulfide ores to obtain copper concentrate, gold is enriched in the copper concentrate and recovered in subsequent smelting processes. Because copper sulfide ores often contain high levels of pyrite, a large amount of lime (calcium oxide) is needed to suppress pyrite in both copper-priority flotation and copper-sulfur co-flotation and separation processes to obtain a qualified copper concentrate. This large addition of lime results in a high pulp pH, affecting the flotation of some gold-bearing minerals and thus impacting the recovery of associated gold resources from sulfide ores. To address this issue, many technologies employ low-alkalinity flotation processes, using low-alkalinity sulfur inhibitors to replace some of the lime, reducing the amount of lime added and thereby improving gold recovery rates. However, in low-alkalinity flotation systems, the collecting capacity of copper collectors cannot be too strong due to the limitations imposed by low-alkalinity sulfur inhibitors. Generally, ester collectors are used with a small amount of low-grade xanthate as copper collectors. This results in the loss of a small amount of copper minerals with poor floatability in the tailings, leading to a decrease in copper recovery rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this application is to overcome the defect of low comprehensive recovery efficiency of copper and gold in the existing flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores, thereby providing a copper flotation activator and flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores to solve the above problem.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a copper flotation activator for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores, the copper flotation activator comprising percarbonate and a water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations.

[0006] Preferably, the percarbonate includes sodium percarbonate;

[0007] And / or, the water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations includes ammonium sulfate;

[0008] And / or, the mass ratio of the percarbonate to the water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations is 1:1.

[0009] Secondly, this application also provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore, which uses the aforementioned copper flotation activator for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore for flotation.

[0010] Preferably, the flotation process includes:

[0011] Grinding: Wet grinding of gold-bearing copper sulfide ore to obtain flotation slurry;

[0012] First-stage copper flotation: Pyrite inhibitor, first-stage copper collector and frother are added to the flotation pulp for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then cleaned to obtain first-stage copper concentrate;

[0013] Two-stage copper flotation: A copper flotation activator, a second-stage copper collector, and a frother are added to the tailings from the first-stage flotation to perform roughing, resulting in roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then finely treated to obtain a two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate.

[0014] Copper-sulfur separation: The two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is re-ground to obtain a copper-sulfur separated slurry, and the copper-sulfur separated slurry is further separated to obtain a two-stage copper concentrate and a sulfur concentrate.

[0015] Preferably, in the grinding step, the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm (not greater than 0.074 mm) accounting for 60-80 wt%.

[0016] And / or, the mass percentage concentration of the flotation pulp is 30-40%;

[0017] And / or, in the re-grinding step, the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 95-98 wt%;

[0018] And / or, the mass percentage concentration of the copper-sulfur separation slurry is 25-35%.

[0019] Preferably, the pyrite inhibitor comprises sulfite and / or metabisulfite;

[0020] And / or, the copper collector is composed of black powder and carbonyl-containing thiourea;

[0021] And / or, the two-stage copper collector is a high-grade xanthate; the chemical name of the xanthate is "hydrocarbon dithiocarbonate", xanthates with ≤2 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group are "low-grade xanthates", and xanthates with >2 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group are "high-grade xanthates";

[0022] And / or, the foaming agent includes No. 2 oil (also known as No. 2 oil or No. 2 oil, whose chemical name is complex higher alcohol, with the molecular formula ROH (R-alkane group), and is divided into two types: pine alcohol oil and chemical oil);

[0023] And / or, the copper flotation step further includes a step of scavenging the roughing tailings to obtain a first-stage flotation tailings;

[0024] And / or, the two-stage copper flotation process further includes a step of scavenging the roughing tailings to obtain final tailings.

[0025] Preferably, the sulfite includes sodium sulfite;

[0026] And / or, the metabisulfite includes sodium metabisulfite;

[0027] And / or, the black powder includes at least one of No. 25 black powder, sodium butyl black powder, and aniline black powder;

[0028] And / or, the carbonyl-containing thiourea includes at least one of 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea and 2-isopropylcarbonylthiourea;

[0029] And / or, the mass ratio of the black medicine to the carbonyl-containing thiourea is (5-10):1;

[0030] And / or, the advanced xanthate includes at least one of butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, and isopentyl xanthate;

[0031] And / or, a copper collector is added during the scavenging process of the copper flotation, and the amount of copper collector used in a single scavenging operation is 5-15 g / t;

[0032] And / or, a second-stage copper collector is added during the scavenging process of the two-stage copper flotation, and the amount of the second-stage copper collector used in a single scavenging operation is 5-15 g / t.

[0033] Preferably, in the roughing process of the first-stage copper flotation, the dosage of pyrite inhibitor is 500-2000 g / t, the dosage of first-stage copper collector is 20-50 g / t, and the dosage of frother is 20-50 g / t, based on the dry weight of the feed minerals.

[0034] And / or, during the copper flotation process, pyrite inhibitors are added, with the amount of pyrite inhibitor used in a single flotation operation being 50-500 g / t.

[0035] Preferably, in the roughing process of the two-stage copper flotation, the amount of copper flotation activator is 500-2000 g / t, the amount of the two-stage copper collector is 20-60 g / t, and the amount of frother is 20-60 g / t, based on the dry weight of the feed minerals.

[0036] And / or, the fine selection of the two-stage copper flotation is blank fine selection (i.e., without the addition of reagents).

[0037] Preferably, the copper-sulfur separation includes one roughing, two scavenging, and two cleaning operations, with lime added during the roughing and cleaning operations. This is a conventional high-alkali copper-sulfur separation process in the field. The specific operation process is as follows: 1500-2000 g / t of lime, 10 g / t of butyl xanthate, and 10 g / t of No. 2 oil are added during the roughing process; 250-500 g / t of lime is added during the first cleaning process; 100 g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning process; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the first scavenging process; and 2 g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the second scavenging process.

[0038] And / or, after the first stage of flotation tailings is thickened, the supernatant (the clarified liquid portion) is returned to the grinding mill for use, and the final tailings return water (water recovered from the tailings pond) is used to dilute and condition the thickened underflow before second-stage copper flotation; optionally, the mass percentage concentration of the pulp after dilution and conditioning is 25-35%.

[0039] The term "g / t" in this application refers to the amount of reagent added relative to the raw ore. For example, if the amount of copper flotation activator is 1000g / t, it means that 1000g of copper flotation activator needs to be added to process one ton of raw ore.

[0040] The technical solution of this application has the following advantages:

[0041] 1. A copper flotation activator for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores, the copper flotation activator comprising percarbonate and a water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations. This application uses a combination of percarbonate and a water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations as the activator, which enhances the activation of sulfide ores, promotes the collection of copper-sulfide intergrowths by the collector, and thus improves the overall recovery efficiency of copper and gold in gold-bearing copper sulfide ores. Specifically, percarbonate dissolves in water to form carbonate and hydrogen peroxide (e.g., 2Na₂CO₄ + 2H₂O = 2NaCO₃ + 2H₂O₂); the carbonate disperses slime and cleans the surface of the sulfide ores, thereby optimizing the flotation environment; after hydrogen peroxide acts on the surface of the sulfide ores, some metal cations (such as copper and iron ions) dissolve to form vacancies, while ammonium cations adsorb onto the mineral surface and promote the anionic structure of xanthate anions (i.e., the anionic structure after the hydrolysis of xanthate (commonly known as xanthate), for example, ROCSSNa + H₂O = ROCSS). - +Na + +OH - It adsorbs on the surface of sulfide ore, thereby improving the overall recovery efficiency of copper and gold in gold-bearing copper sulfide ore.

[0042] 2. In the flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore of this application, sulfite or metabisulfite is used as a pyrite inhibitor in the first stage of copper flotation. In the subsequent second stage of copper flotation, the hydrogen peroxide produced by percarbonate can react with the residual pyrite inhibitor in the pulp (e.g., sodium sulfite (Na2SO3+H2O2=Na2SO4+H2O) or sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5+2H2O2=Na2SO4+H2O+H2SO4)), thereby eliminating the inhibitory effect of the residual inhibitor on pyrite in the pulp and thus improving the recovery rate of copper-sulfide intergrowths.

[0043] 3. In the flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore of this application, the copper flotation collector in stage one is a mixture of distillate and carbonyl-containing thiourea, with distillate as the main component and carbonyl-containing thiourea as the auxiliary component. This combined reagent has excellent collecting ability and good selectivity for copper sulfide minerals, ensuring that it has almost no collecting ability for pyrite under the condition of sodium sulfite as a depressant. At the same time, the carbonyl-containing thiourea can enhance the collecting of gold-bearing minerals. Due to the presence of carbonyl, the polarity of the thiourea collecting functional group is increased, thereby enhancing its collecting ability for gold-bearing minerals.

[0044] 4. In the flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore of this application, a two-stage flotation process is adopted to enhance the recovery of copper and gold. The first-stage copper flotation is conducted under alkali-free conditions and enhances the recovery of gold-bearing minerals to obtain gold-bearing copper ore. The second-stage copper flotation enhances the recovery of copper-sulfide intergrowths and poorly floatable copper sulfide minerals, and performs copper-sulfur separation under high-alkali conditions. The entire process combines alkali-free and high-alkali processes, supplemented by their respective optimal mineral reagents, to achieve the goal of comprehensive and efficient recovery of copper and gold.

[0045] 5. In the flotation process of gold-bearing copper sulfide ore of this application, since the collectors used in the first-stage copper flotation operation and the second-stage copper flotation operation are different, in order to avoid the second-stage copper collector entering the first-stage copper flotation operation with the beneficiation return water, this application performs pulp thickening after obtaining the first-stage flotation tailings from the first-stage copper flotation, returns the supernatant to the grinding for use, and finally dilutes and adjusts the thickened underflow with the tailings return water before performing the second-stage copper flotation operation. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of this application, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore according to this application. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following embodiments are provided to better understand this application and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein. They do not constitute a limitation on the content and scope of protection of this application. Any product that is the same as or similar to this application, derived by anyone under the guidance of this application or by combining the features of this application with other related technologies, falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] For experiments not specifically described in the examples, the procedures or conditions should be followed according to the conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional reagent products.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The process flow is shown in Figure 1, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0052] 1) Grinding: The raw ore of gold-bearing copper sulfide ore (a porphyry copper mine, containing 0.4% copper and 0.1g / t gold) was subjected to wet grinding to obtain a flotation slurry with an ore particle size of -0.074mm (not greater than 0.074mm) of 65wt% and a mass percentage concentration of 33%.

[0053] 2) First-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): Add 500 g / t (based on the dry weight of the feed minerals, the same below) of pyrite inhibitor (sodium sulfite), 40 g / t of first-stage copper collector (made by mixing aniline black and 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea at a mass ratio of 5:1) and 20 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil, specifically pine oil, manufactured by Tieling Mineral Processing Reagent Co., Ltd., the same below) to the flotation pulp from step 1) for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; perform two cleaning operations on the roughing froth (the first cleaning operation adds...) Add 200g / t of sodium sulfite, and add 50g / t of sodium sulfite in the second cleaning to obtain a first-stage copper concentrate. The roughing tailings are then subjected to two scavenging processes (15g / t of a first-stage copper collector is added in the first scavenging, and 5g / t of a first-stage copper collector is added in the second scavenging) to obtain a first-stage flotation tailings. Before the second-stage copper flotation in step 3), the first-stage flotation tailings are thickened. The resulting supernatant is returned to the grinding process in step 1). Finally, the tailings reclaimed water (water recovered from the tailings pond) is used to dilute the thickened underflow to a mass percentage concentration of 30% before the second-stage copper flotation operation is carried out.

[0054] 3) Two-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): 1000 g / t of copper flotation activator (a mixture of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate in a 1:1 mass ratio), 50 g / t of two-stage copper collector (butyl xanthate), and 20 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) are added to the tailings from the first-stage flotation for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then cleaned (blank cleaning) to obtain a two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate; the roughing tailings are then scavenged (15 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the first scavenging, and 5 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the second scavenging) to obtain the final tailings;

[0055] 4) Copper-sulfur separation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): The two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is re-ground (grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounts for 95wt%, and the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 25%) to obtain a copper-sulfur separation slurry. The copper-sulfur separation slurry is then subjected to copper-sulfur separation to obtain two-stage copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate. Among them, 1500g / t of lime, 10g / t of butyl xanthate, and 10g / t of No. 2 oil are added during roughing; 250g / t of lime is added during the first cleaning and 100g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning; 5g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the first scavenging and 2g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the second scavenging.

[0056] Through the above process, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.4% and a recovery rate of 90.3% (first-stage copper concentrate + second-stage copper concentrate) can be obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 5g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 70%.

[0057] The following control group was also established in this embodiment:

[0058] Control group 1: The traditional high-alkali lime process was used, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0059] 1) Grinding process, same as in Example 1.

[0060] 2) Copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): 60 g / t of copper collector (butyl xanthate) and 40 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) are added to the slurry for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is cleaned (blank cleaning) to obtain copper-sulfur mixed concentrate; the roughing tailings are scavenged (15 g / t of secondary copper collector is added in the first scavenging, and 5 g / t of secondary copper collector is added in the second scavenging) to obtain final tailings;

[0061] 3) Copper-sulfur separation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): The copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is re-ground (grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounts for 95wt%, and the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 25%) to obtain a copper-sulfur separation slurry. The copper-sulfur separation slurry is then subjected to copper-sulfur separation to obtain two-stage copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate. Among them, 2500g / t of lime, 10g / t of butyl xanthate, and 10g / t of No. 2 oil are added during roughing; 250g / t of lime is added during the first cleaning and 100g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning; 5g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the first scavenging and 2g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the second scavenging.

[0062] The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.5% and a copper recovery rate of 90.2%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 4.5 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 62%.

[0063] Control group 2: A low-alkalinity flotation process was used, with the following specific steps:

[0064] 1) Grinding: The process is the same as in Example 1;

[0065] 2) Copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): Add 1000 g / t (based on the dry weight of the feed minerals, the same below) of pyrite inhibitor (sodium sulfite), 60 g / t of primary copper collector (butyl ammonium black reagent), and 20 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) to the flotation pulp from step 1) for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; perform two cleaning operations on the roughing froth (adding 200 g / t of sodium sulfite in the first cleaning and 50 g / t of sodium sulfite in the second cleaning) to obtain copper concentrate; perform two scavenging operations on the roughing tailings (adding 15 g / t of primary copper collector in the first scavenging and 5 g / t of primary copper collector in the second scavenging) to obtain flotation tailings.

[0066] The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.8% and a copper recovery rate of 89.1%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 4.8 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 66.9%.

[0067] Control Group 3: The copper flotation activator (composed of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio) in step 3) of Example 1 above was replaced with ammonium sulfate, while other parameters remained unchanged. A copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.5% and a copper recovery rate of 89.6% was finally obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate was 4.9 g / t, and the gold recovery rate was 67.2%.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the pyrite inhibitor (sodium sulfite) in step 2) is replaced with sodium humate (200 g / t for roughing), while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.4% and a copper recovery rate of 89.9%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 4.9 g / t, with a gold recovery rate of 68.8%.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the copper collector in step 2) (a mixture of aniline black and 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea at a mass ratio of 5:1) is replaced with aniline black, while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.3% and a copper recovery rate of 89.9%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 4.8 g / t, with a gold recovery rate of 69.1%.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the copper collector in step 2) (a mixture of aniline black and 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea at a mass ratio of 5:1) is replaced with 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea, while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.4% and a copper recovery rate of 89.8%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 4.8 g / t, with a gold recovery rate of 68.8%.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in step 2), 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea in the copper collector is replaced with ethylthiourea, while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.4% and a copper recovery rate of 90.1%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 4.8 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 68.5%.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0078] 1) Grinding: The raw ore of gold-bearing copper sulfide ore (a porphyry copper mine, containing 0.6% copper and 0.15g / t gold) is subjected to wet grinding to obtain a flotation pulp with a particle size of -0.074mm (not greater than 0.074mm) of 65% and a mass percentage concentration of 33%.

[0079] 2) First-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): Add 800 g / t (based on the dry weight of the feed minerals, the same below) of pyrite inhibitor (sodium sulfite), 45 g / t of first-stage copper collector (a mixture of sodium butyl black and 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea at a mass ratio of 5:1) and 20 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) to the flotation pulp from step 1) for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; perform two cleaning operations on the roughing froth (the first cleaning adds 300 g / t of sodium sulfite, the second...) A secondary cleaning process (adding 100g / t of sodium sulfite) yields a first-stage copper concentrate. The roughing tailings are then subjected to two scavenging processes (adding 15g / t of a first-stage copper collector in the first scavenging and 5g / t of a first-stage copper collector in the second scavenging) to obtain a first-stage flotation tailings. Before the second-stage copper flotation in step 3), the first-stage flotation tailings are thickened. The resulting supernatant is returned to the grinding process in step 1). Finally, the tailings reclaimed water (water recovered from the tailings pond) is used to dilute the thickened underflow to a mass percentage concentration of 30% before the second-stage copper flotation operation is carried out.

[0080] 3) Two-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): 1500 g / t of copper flotation activator (a mixture of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate in a 1:1 mass ratio), 50 g / t of two-stage copper collector (isoamyl xanthate), and 20 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) are added to the tailings from the first-stage flotation for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then cleaned (blank cleaning) to obtain a two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate; the roughing tailings are then scavenged (15 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the first scavenging, and 5 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the second scavenging) to obtain the final tailings;

[0081] 4) Copper-sulfur separation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): The two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is re-ground (grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounts for 98%, and the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 28%) to obtain a copper-sulfur separation slurry. The copper-sulfur separation slurry is then subjected to copper-sulfur separation to obtain two-stage copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate. Among them, 2000g / t of lime, 10g / t of butyl xanthate, and 10g / t of No. 2 oil are added during roughing; 500g / t of lime is added during the first cleaning and 100g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning; 5g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the first scavenging and 2g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the second scavenging.

[0082] Through the above process, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.6% and a recovery rate of 92.3% (first-stage copper concentrate + second-stage copper concentrate) can be obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 7g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 75%.

[0083] The following control group was also established in this embodiment:

[0084] Control Group 1: The traditional high-alkali lime process was used, with the same process steps as Control Group 1 in Example 1. The final product was a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.5% and a copper recovery rate of 92.2%. The gold content in the copper concentrate was 6.5 g / t, with a gold recovery rate of 68%.

[0085] Control Group 2: A low-alkalinity flotation process was used, with sodium sulfite as a pyrite depressant and butylammonium black as a copper collector. All other conditions were the same as in Control Group 2 of Example 1. The final copper concentrate obtained had a copper grade of 28.8% and a copper recovery rate of 91.3%. The gold content in the copper concentrate was 6.7 g / t, with a gold recovery rate of 71.8%.

[0086] Control Group 3: The copper flotation activator (composed of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio) in step 3) of Example 6 above was replaced with ammonium sulfate, while other parameters remained unchanged. A copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.7% and a copper recovery rate of 91.8% was finally obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate was 6.9 g / t, and the gold recovery rate was 72.1%.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 6 is that the pyrite inhibitor (sodium sulfite) in step 2) is replaced with sodium humate (250 g / t for roughing), while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.5% and a copper recovery rate of 91.8%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 6.8 g / t, with a gold recovery rate of 74.5%.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 6 is that the copper collector in step 2) (a mixture of aniline black and 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea at a mass ratio of 5:1) is replaced with aniline black, while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.5% and a copper recovery rate of 92.1%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 6.8 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 74.4%.

[0091] Example 9

[0092] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 6 is that the copper collector in step 2) (a mixture of aniline black and 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea at a mass ratio of 5:1) is replaced with 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea, while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.4% and a copper recovery rate of 92.1%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 6.8 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 74.2%.

[0093] Example 10

[0094] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore. The difference from Embodiment 6 is that the 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea in the copper collector of step 2) is replaced with ethylthiourea, while the other parameters remain unchanged. The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.4% and a copper recovery rate of 92.0%. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 6.8 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 74%.

[0095] Example 11

[0096] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0097] 1) Grinding: The gold-bearing copper sulfide ore (a porphyry copper mine, containing 0.4% copper and 0.1g / t gold) was subjected to wet grinding to obtain a flotation slurry with an ore particle size of -0.074mm (not greater than 0.074mm) of 60wt% and a mass percentage concentration of 30%.

[0098] 2) First-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): Add 500 g / t (based on the dry weight of the feed minerals, the same below) of pyrite inhibitor (sodium metabisulfite), 50 g / t of first-stage copper collector (made by mixing No. 25 black reagent and 2-isopropylcarbonylthiourea at a mass ratio of 10:1) and 20 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) to the flotation pulp from step 1) for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; perform two cleaning operations on the roughing froth (the first cleaning adds 200 g / t of sodium sulfite, the second...) A first-stage copper concentrate was obtained by adding 50g / t of sodium sulfite. The roughing tailings were then subjected to two scavenging processes (15g / t of copper collector was added in the first scavenging, and 5g / t of copper collector was added in the second scavenging) to obtain a first-stage flotation tailings. Before the second-stage copper flotation in step 3), the first-stage flotation tailings were thickened. The supernatant was returned to the grinding process in step 1). Finally, the tailings reclaimed water (water recovered from the tailings pond) was used to dilute the thickened underflow to a mass percentage concentration of 25% before the second-stage copper flotation operation was carried out.

[0099] 3) Two-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): 500 g / t of copper flotation activator (a mixture of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate in a 1:1 mass ratio), 20 g / t of two-stage copper collector (pentyl xanthate), and 60 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) are added to the tailings from the first-stage flotation for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then cleaned (blank cleaning) to obtain a two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate; the roughing tailings are then scavenged (15 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the first scavenging, and 5 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the second scavenging) to obtain the final tailings;

[0100] 4) Copper-sulfur separation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): The two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is re-ground (grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounts for 95wt%, and the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 25%) to obtain a copper-sulfur separation slurry. The copper-sulfur separation slurry is then subjected to copper-sulfur separation to obtain two-stage copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate. Among them, 1500g / t of lime, 10g / t of butyl xanthate, and 10g / t of No. 2 oil are added during roughing; 250g / t of lime is added during the first cleaning and 100g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning; 5g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the first scavenging and 2g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the second scavenging.

[0101] Through the above process, a copper concentrate (first-stage copper concentrate + second-stage copper concentrate) with a copper grade of 25.2% and a recovery rate of 89.9% can be obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 4.9 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 69.5%.

[0102] Control group: The copper flotation activator (composed of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1) in step 3) of Example 11 above was replaced with ammonium sulfate, while other parameters remained unchanged. A copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.3% and a copper recovery rate of 88.6% was finally obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate was 4.7 g / t, and the gold recovery rate was 66.3%.

[0103] Example 12

[0104] This embodiment provides a flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0105] 1) Grinding: The gold-bearing copper sulfide ore (a porphyry copper mine, containing 0.4% copper and 0.1g / t gold) was subjected to wet grinding to obtain a flotation slurry with an ore particle size of -0.074mm (not greater than 0.074mm) of 80wt% and a mass percentage concentration of 40%.

[0106] 2) First-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): Add 2000 g / t (based on the dry weight of the feed minerals, the same below) of pyrite depressant (sodium sulfite), 20 g / t of first-stage copper collector (a mixture of aniline black and 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea at a mass ratio of 5:1) and 50 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) to the flotation pulp from step 1) for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; perform two cleaning operations on the roughing froth (adding 500 g / t of sodium sulfite in the first cleaning, and adding 50 g / t of frother in the second cleaning). A first-stage copper concentrate is obtained by adding 100g / t of sodium sulfite in the secondary cleaning process. The roughing tailings are then subjected to two scavenging processes (15g / t of copper collector is added in the first scavenging process and 5g / t of copper collector is added in the second scavenging process) to obtain a first-stage flotation tailings. Before the second-stage copper flotation in step 3), the first-stage flotation tailings are thickened. The supernatant obtained is returned to the grinding process in step 1). Finally, the tailings reclaimed water (water recovered from the tailings pond) is used to dilute the thickened underflow to a mass percentage concentration of 35% before the second-stage copper flotation operation is carried out.

[0107] 3) Two-stage copper flotation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): 2000 g / t of copper flotation activator (a mixture of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate in a 1:1 mass ratio), 60 g / t of two-stage copper collector (butyl xanthate), and 20 g / t of frother (No. 2 oil) are added to the tailings from the first-stage flotation for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then cleaned (blank cleaning) to obtain a two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate; the roughing tailings are then scavenged (15 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the first scavenging, and 5 g / t of two-stage copper collector is added in the second scavenging) to obtain the final tailings;

[0108] 4) Copper-sulfur separation (including one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging operations): The two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is re-ground (grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounts for 95wt%, and the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 35%) to obtain a copper-sulfur separation slurry. The copper-sulfur separation slurry is then subjected to copper-sulfur separation to obtain two-stage copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate. Among them, 1500g / t of lime, 10g / t of butyl xanthate, and 10g / t of No. 2 oil are added during roughing; 250g / t of lime is added during the first cleaning and 100g / t of lime is added during the second cleaning; 5g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the first scavenging and 2g / t of butyl xanthate is added during the second scavenging.

[0109] Through the above process, a copper concentrate (first-stage copper concentrate + second-stage copper concentrate) with a copper grade of 25.5% and a recovery rate of 89.8% can be obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate is 5.1 g / t, and the gold recovery rate is 68.5%.

[0110] Control group: The copper flotation activator (composed of sodium percarbonate and ammonium sulfate mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio) in step 3) of Example 12 above was replaced with ammonium sulfate, while other parameters remained unchanged. A copper concentrate with a copper grade of 25.5% and a copper recovery rate of 88.5% was finally obtained. The gold content in the copper concentrate was 4.8 g / t, and the gold recovery rate was 65.7%.

[0111] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A copper flotation activator for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores, wherein, The copper flotation activator includes percarbonate and water-soluble compounds containing ammonium cations.

2. The copper flotation activator according to claim 1, wherein, The percarbonate includes sodium percarbonate; And / or, the water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations includes ammonium sulfate; And / or, the mass ratio of the percarbonate to the water-soluble compound containing ammonium cations is 1:

1.

3. A flotation process for gold-bearing copper sulfide ore, wherein, The copper flotation activator for gold-bearing copper sulfide ores as described in claim 1 or 2 is used for flotation.

4. The flotation process according to claim 3, wherein, The flotation process includes: Grinding: Wet grinding of gold-bearing copper sulfide ore to obtain flotation slurry; First-stage copper flotation: Pyrite inhibitor, first-stage copper collector and frother are added to the flotation pulp for roughing to obtain roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then cleaned to obtain first-stage copper concentrate; Two-stage copper flotation: A copper flotation activator, a second-stage copper collector, and a frother are added to the tailings from the first-stage flotation to perform roughing, resulting in roughing froth and roughing tailings; the roughing froth is then finely treated to obtain a two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate. Copper-sulfur separation: The two-stage copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is re-ground to obtain a copper-sulfur separated slurry, and the copper-sulfur separated slurry is further separated to obtain a two-stage copper concentrate and a sulfur concentrate.

5. The flotation process according to claim 4, wherein, In the grinding step, the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 60-80 wt%. And / or, the mass percentage concentration of the flotation pulp is 30-40%; And / or, in the re-grinding step, the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 95-98 wt%; And / or, the mass percentage concentration of the copper-sulfur separation slurry is 25-35%.

6. The flotation process according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The pyrite inhibitors include sulfites and / or metabisulfites; And / or, the copper collector is composed of black powder and carbonyl-containing thiourea; And / or, the two-stage copper collector is a high-grade xanthate; And / or, the foaming agent comprises No. 2 oil; And / or, the copper flotation step further includes a step of scavenging the roughing tailings to obtain flotation tailings; And / or, the two-stage copper flotation process further includes a step of scavenging the roughing tailings to obtain final tailings.

7. The flotation process according to claim 6, wherein, The sulfite includes sodium sulfite; And / or, the metabisulfite includes sodium metabisulfite; And / or, the black powder includes at least one of No. 25 black powder, sodium butyl black powder, and aniline black powder; And / or, the carbonyl-containing thiourea includes at least one of 1-ethyl-3-(phenylcarbonylamino)thiourea and 2-isopropylcarbonylthiourea; And / or, the mass ratio of the black medicine to the carbonyl-containing thiourea is (5-10):1; And / or, the advanced xanthate includes at least one of butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, and isopentyl xanthate; And / or, a copper collector is added during the scavenging process of the copper flotation, and the amount of copper collector used in a single scavenging operation is 5-15 g / t; And / or, a second-stage copper collector is added during the scavenging process of the two-stage copper flotation, and the amount of the second-stage copper collector used in a single scavenging operation is 5-15 g / t.

8. The flotation process according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein, In the roughing process of the copper flotation, the dosage of pyrite inhibitor is 500-2000 g / t, the dosage of copper collector is 20-50 g / t, and the dosage of frother is 20-50 g / t, based on the dry weight of the feed minerals. And / or, during the copper flotation process, pyrite inhibitors are added, with the amount of pyrite inhibitor used in a single flotation operation being 50-500 g / t.

9. The flotation process according to any one of claims 4-8, wherein, In the roughing process of the two-stage copper flotation, the amount of copper flotation activator is 500-2000 g / t, the amount of the two-stage copper collector is 20-60 g / t, and the amount of frother is 20-60 g / t, based on the dry weight of the feed minerals. And / or, the fine selection of the two-stage copper flotation is blank fine selection.

10. The flotation process according to any one of claims 4-9, wherein, The copper-sulfur separation process includes one coarse scavenging operation, two scavenging operations, and two fine scavenging operations, with lime added during the coarse and fine scavenging operations. And / or, after the first stage of flotation tailings is thickened, the supernatant is returned to the grinding mill for use, and the final tailings return water is used to dilute and adjust the thickened underflow before being used for second-stage copper flotation; optionally, the mass percentage concentration of the pulp after dilution and adjustment is 25-35%.

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