Abnormality handling method and apparatus for coiled tubing device, and system and electronic device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of coiled tubing. Disclosed are an abnormality handling method and apparatus for a coiled tubing device, and a system and an electronic device. The method comprises: an electronic device acquiring abnormality information of a coiled tubing device during operation, wherein the abnormality information includes at least one of operation abnormality information of a tubing string of the coiled tubing device and state abnormality information of a key component of the coiled tubing device; and on the basis of the abnormality information, the electronic device determining an abnormality decision instruction, wherein the abnormality decision instruction is used for handling an abnormality occurring in the coiled tubing device during operation.

Description

Methods, devices, systems and electronic equipment for handling abnormalities in coiled tubing equipment

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510350628.2, filed on March 24, 2025, entitled “Abnormal Handling Method, Apparatus, System and Electronic Equipment for Continuous Tubing Equipment”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application belongs to the field of coiled tubing technology, specifically relating to a method, apparatus, system, and electronic equipment for handling abnormalities in coiled tubing equipment. Background Technology

[0004] In recent years, with the increasing maturity and development of coiled tubing technology, coiled tubing operations have been increasingly widely used in oil and gas fields. Coiled tubing equipment has been widely used in drilling, well completion, oil production, well workover, and gathering and transportation.

[0005] However, the conditions at work sites are often complex and changeable, and abnormalities are prone to occur. In order to avoid economic losses due to operational errors, it is necessary to monitor and handle abnormalities in coiled tubing equipment.

[0006] Currently, in handling anomalies that occur during coiled tubing operations, the relevant technologies typically employ manual monitoring and handling methods. This approach is highly dependent on the operator's experience and is prone to operational errors. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a method, apparatus, system, and electronic device for handling anomalies in coiled tubing equipment.

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an anomaly handling method for coiled tubing equipment. The method includes: an electronic device acquiring anomaly information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, the anomaly information including at least one of operational anomaly information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and status anomaly information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment; the electronic device determining anomaly decision instructions based on the anomaly information, the anomaly decision instructions being used to handle anomalies occurring in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an anomaly handling device for coiled tubing equipment. The device includes: an anomaly decision module, configured to acquire anomaly information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, the anomaly information including at least one of operational anomaly information of the tubing string and status anomaly information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment; wherein the operational anomaly information of the tubing string is used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its operational limit; the anomaly decision module is further configured to determine anomaly decision instructions based on the anomaly information, the anomaly decision instructions being used to handle anomalies occurring in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

[0010] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a coiled tubing control system, which includes a control device, a coiled tubing unit, auxiliary equipment, and the anomaly handling device described in the second aspect; wherein, the control device is configured to receive an anomaly decision instruction transmitted by the anomaly handling device, the anomaly decision instruction including at least one of an anomaly alarm instruction, a speed reduction instruction, and a shutdown instruction; determine a first control instruction and a second control instruction based on the anomaly decision instruction; control the coiled tubing unit based on the first control instruction; control the auxiliary equipment of the coiled tubing unit based on the second control instruction; the coiled tubing unit is configured to perform a first operation corresponding to the first control instruction; and the auxiliary equipment is configured to perform a second operation corresponding to the second control instruction.

[0011] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0012] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0013] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an abnormal handling method for a coiled tubing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 is an architecture diagram of the implementation environment of an anomaly handling method for a coiled tubing control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 5 is a flowchart of another abnormal handling method for coiled tubing equipment provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 6 is an example diagram of the constraint conditions of a tubing string provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a data analysis module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an obstacle detection self-locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 9 is a flowchart of another abnormal handling method for coiled tubing equipment provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a key component status monitoring module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 11 is a detailed flowchart of an abnormal handling method for a coiled tubing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 12 is a structural block diagram of an anomaly handling device for a coiled tubing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 13 is a structural block diagram of a coiled tubing control system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 14 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1200 - Anomaly handling device for coiled tubing equipment; 1210 - Anomaly decision-making module; 1220 - Data analysis module; 1230 - Key component status monitoring module; 1240 - Data acquisition module; 1250 - Wellhead anomaly monitoring module; 1260 - Hydraulic system detection module; 1270 - Tubing defect detection module; 1280 - Maintenance module; 1300 - Coiled tubing control system; 1310 - Control equipment; 1320 - Coiled tubing equipment; 1330 - Supporting equipment; 1400 - Electronic equipment; 1410 - Processor; 1420 - Memory. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0034] Coiled tubing equipment is a key piece of equipment in the oil and gas industry used for coiled tubing operations. It is widely used in drilling, well completion, well workover, and production enhancement operations. The coiled tubing equipment includes coiled tubing, a drum, an injection head, and a blowout preventer (BOP). The coiled tubing is a high-strength, flexible long steel tube, typically coiled on a drum, allowing for continuous running in and out of the wellhead. Its diameter ranges widely, commonly from 1 inch to 3.5 inches. The drum is used for winding and storing the coiled tubing. The drum has a tubing arm that guides the coiled tubing neatly onto or off the drum during operations. The injection head controls the running in and out of the coiled tubing and is equipped with a clamp and chain system to ensure smooth movement. The BOP is a device used to seal the annulus between the coiled tubing and the wellhead, ensuring a tight seal and preventing fluid leakage during the up-and-down movement of the coiled tubing within the well. In addition, the coiled tubing equipment is usually equipped with supporting equipment, including pump trucks and liquid nitrogen pumps, etc.

[0035] The abnormal handling method for coiled tubing equipment provided in this application embodiment is applied to coiled tubing technology. It can monitor abnormalities of coiled tubing equipment during coiled tubing operation through electronic devices, and determine abnormal decision instructions for handling abnormalities that occur in coiled tubing equipment during operation based on the monitored abnormal information.

[0036] The abnormal handling method for coiled tubing equipment provided in this application embodiment can be executed by a target device, wherein the target device can be an electronic device, which can be a device used to monitor and process abnormal information during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0037] The anomaly handling method for coiled tubing equipment provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a flowchart of an anomaly handling method for a coiled tubing system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 110: The electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation. The abnormal information includes at least one of the following: abnormal operation information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and abnormal status information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0040] In this embodiment, during coiled tubing operations, the tubing string is used to transport oil and gas from the bottom of the well to the surface, and also provides a pathway for downhole operations (such as production enhancement, well workover, and logging). The design and configuration of the tubing string directly affect the production efficiency of the oil and gas well. Abnormal operating information of the tubing string can be used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its operating limit. Once abnormal operating information of the coiled tubing string is detected, it can be considered that the tubing string has exceeded its operating limits. If the coiled tubing equipment is not controlled in a timely manner, the tubing string may deform or even break, resulting in significant non-productive time and economic losses.

[0041] The critical components may include important parts of the coiled tubing equipment, such as the injection head or rollers. Specifically, the critical components may be, for example, the chain or bearing of the injection head, or the bearings of the rollers. Abnormal status information of the critical components of the coiled tubing equipment can be used to indicate that the critical component is not in normal working condition. The electronic equipment can monitor whether the critical components of the coiled tubing equipment are damaged. Once damage to a critical component is detected, abnormal status information of the critical component can be determined. This avoids the potential for operational errors caused by continuously using damaged components during coiled tubing operations.

[0042] In one embodiment of this application, the abnormal information may further include at least one of the following: the tubing string encountering resistance and self-locking abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment; the wellhead abnormal information during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment; the hydraulic system abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment; the coiled tubing defect abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment; and the maintenance record abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0043] The coiled tubing string encountering resistance and locking anomaly information is used to indicate an abnormal phenomenon that occurs during coiled tubing equipment operation. This locking mechanism automatically locks the tubing string when it encounters resistance in the well and cannot continue to be lowered or raised, preventing accidental movement or slippage. By implementing this resistance-encounter locking mechanism, damage to the coiled tubing equipment and operator injuries can be avoided in complex well conditions or emergency situations.

[0044] The wellhead anomaly information is used to indicate an anomaly occurring at the wellhead during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment. The wellhead anomaly information may include at least one of the following: the injection head clamping block of the coiled tubing equipment falling off, the coiled tubing of the coiled tubing equipment bending, and the blowout preventer seal leakage of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0045] The abnormal information of the hydraulic system of the coiled tubing equipment is used to indicate that the hydraulic system of the coiled tubing equipment is malfunctioning. The defect abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment is used to indicate that the coiled tubing of the coiled tubing equipment has physical defects. These physical defects include various physical defects caused by corrosion, manufacturing defects, mechanical damage, and human error, such as local defects on the inner and outer walls of the coiled tubing, tubing wall thickness, outer diameter of the coiled tubing, and exceeding ellipticity limits. The maintenance module is used to indicate abnormalities in the maintenance of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0046] Referring to Figure 2, which is an architecture diagram of the implementation environment for an anomaly handling method for a coiled tubing control device according to an embodiment of this application, the electronic device may include an anomaly decision module 1210, a data analysis module 1220, and a key component status monitoring module 1230. The electronic device may also include at least one of the following: a data acquisition module 1240, a wellhead anomaly monitoring module 1250, a hydraulic system detection module 1260, a tubing defect detection module 1270, and a maintenance module 1280, as shown in Figure 2. The data acquisition module 1240 is used to acquire the operational data of the coiled tubing equipment 1320; the wellhead anomaly monitoring module 1250 is used to acquire anomaly information at the wellhead during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment 1320; the hydraulic system detection module 1260 is used to acquire anomaly information of the hydraulic system of the coiled tubing equipment 1320; the tubing defect detection module 1270 is used to acquire defect anomaly information of the coiled tubing of the coiled tubing equipment 1320; and the maintenance module 1280 is used to acquire anomaly information from the maintenance records of the coiled tubing equipment 1320. After at least one of the data acquisition module 1240, wellhead anomaly monitoring module 1250, hydraulic system detection module 1260, tubing defect detection module 1270, and maintenance module 1280 acquires anomaly information, corresponding anomaly alarm information can be transmitted to the anomaly decision module 1210.

[0047] In this embodiment, the operational data of the coiled tubing equipment refers to the running data during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment, which may include pump pressure, wellhead pressure, index weight, run-in depth, speed, displacement, and the operating data of components such as the drum, injection head, and transfer case. Furthermore, the data acquisition module can also be used to collect data from downhole sensors (e.g., pressure sensors or temperature sensors), the operating data of the coiled tubing equipment (e.g., pump trucks and liquid nitrogen pumps), and various abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment in real time during operation. Moreover, the data acquisition module supports visualization and query functions, allowing for visualization of all collected data and enabling querying of specific data. Referring to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition module 1240 provided in this embodiment, the data acquisition module 1240 can be used to collect operational data, abnormal information, downhole sensor data, and operational data of the coiled tubing equipment and its supporting equipment.

[0048] During the process of acquiring anomaly information at the wellhead, the wellhead anomaly monitoring module can acquire target image information collected by a target camera and analyze the target image information based on an intelligent model to obtain the anomaly information at the wellhead. The target camera can be positioned below the injection head of the coiled tubing equipment, near the blowout preventer (BOP). The target image information is used to capture real-time image data of the injection head and the BOP. The intelligent model is a model obtained through machine learning based on historical image data collected over a historical period and anomaly information detected from the historical image data. The anomaly information at the wellhead may include at least one of the following: the injection head clamping block of the coiled tubing equipment falling off, the coiled tubing of the coiled tubing equipment bending, and the BOP seal leakage of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0049] During the process of the hydraulic system detection module acquiring abnormal information of the hydraulic system of the coiled tubing equipment, the hydraulic system can acquire operating parameters of key components (such as hydraulic pumps). These operating parameters may include at least one of the following parameters: oil pressure, flow rate, oil temperature, rotational speed, fluid level, and oil cleanliness. The operating parameters can be compared with preset standard parameters to determine whether the hydraulic system is malfunctioning. Alternatively, a comprehensive calculation can be performed based on the operating parameters to obtain comprehensive parameters for determining whether the hydraulic system is malfunctioning, and these comprehensive parameters can be compared with the standard parameters. This allows for system-level or component-level anomaly monitoring.

[0050] During the process of acquiring defect and abnormal information of the coiled tubing in the coiled tubing equipment by the tubing defect detection module, a defect detection device can be installed near the pipe arm of the tubing equipment drum. This defect detection device is used to detect defects in the coiled tubing, enabling real-time detection of various physical defects caused by corrosion, manufacturing defects, mechanical damage, and human operation. These defects include localized defects on the inner and outer walls of the coiled tubing, wall thickness, outer diameter, and ellipticity, providing a clear visual representation of the coiled tubing's true performance status. Based on preset detection sensitivity parameters and alarm thresholds, the presence of physical defects in the coiled tubing can be determined.

[0051] The maintenance module can be used to save and manage the maintenance records of components of the coiled tubing equipment (such as engines, drums, injection heads, and motors), and can be set with a regular maintenance reminder function. If the maintenance records of the components of the coiled tubing equipment are not obtained within the specified period, it can be determined that there is an abnormality in the maintenance records of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0052] The anomaly decision module can obtain the tubing weight, tubing weight fluctuation amplitude, transfer case oil temperature, and tubing internal and external pressure difference of the coiled tubing equipment from the data acquisition module. It can also obtain the tubing string stress, tool string end-drilling pressure, maximum fatigue life loss of the tubing string, and bottom hole pressure from the data analysis module. After obtaining these parameters, the anomaly decision module can compare them with the set anomaly alarm threshold, speed reduction protection threshold, and shutdown protection threshold to determine the anomaly decision command. The anomaly decision module can transmit the anomaly decision command to the control equipment according to the corresponding configured speed reduction protection, shutdown protection, and other enable options.

[0053] The abnormal decision-making module can acquire abnormal alarm information transmitted by the data analysis module, the wellhead abnormal monitoring module, the key component status monitoring module, the hydraulic system detection module, the tubing defect detection module, and the maintenance module. Then, based on the speed reduction protection and shutdown protection enable options configured in the system, it determines the abnormal decision-making command and transmits the abnormal decision-making command to the control equipment.

[0054] Step 120: The electronic device determines an anomaly decision instruction based on the anomaly information. The anomaly decision instruction is used to handle anomalies that occur in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

[0055] In this embodiment, after receiving the abnormal information, the electronic device can determine an abnormal decision instruction corresponding to the abnormal type based on the abnormality type of the abnormal information. For example, if the abnormality type of the working abnormality information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment is "tubing string working beyond limits," an abnormal decision instruction corresponding to the "tubing string working beyond limits" type can be determined. After determining the abnormal decision instruction, the abnormal decision instruction can be sent to the control device. The control device can determine a target control instruction based on the abnormal decision instruction and control the coiled tubing equipment based on the target control instruction.

[0056] In this embodiment, the control device may be the control device 1310 shown in FIG. 2. The control device 1310 is used to control the coiled tubing equipment 1320 and its supporting equipment 1330 to complete coiled tubing operations. When the electronic equipment does not receive any abnormal information, the control device 1310 can control the coiled tubing equipment 1320 and its supporting equipment 1330 as usual according to the operation instructions. The control device 1310 can be designed according to the operation flow corresponding to various operation processes to automatically complete the operation tasks of the coiled tubing equipment 1320. Simultaneously, the control device 1310 can support manual control functions and can switch to manual operation mode at any time as needed. When the electronic equipment receives abnormal information, the electronic equipment can transmit an abnormal decision instruction corresponding to the abnormal information to the control device 1310. The control device 1310 can comprehensively determine the control instructions for controlling the coiled tubing equipment 1320 based on the abnormal decision instruction and the operation instructions.

[0057] In one embodiment of this application, after the electronic device determines an abnormal decision instruction based on the abnormal information in step 120, the electronic device can transmit the abnormal decision instruction to the control device. The abnormal decision instruction includes at least one of an abnormal alarm instruction, a speed reduction instruction, and a shutdown instruction. The control device can determine a first control instruction and a second control instruction based on the abnormal decision instruction. The control device can control the coiled tubing equipment based on the first control instruction; the control device can control the auxiliary equipment of the coiled tubing equipment based on the second control instruction.

[0058] In this embodiment, the abnormal alarm command is used to transmit early warning information, the speed reduction command is used to control the working speed of the coiled tubing equipment, and the shutdown command is used to control the coiled tubing equipment and its supporting equipment to stop operating. The control device can integrate dedicated algorithms such as automatic adjustment of drum back pressure, automatic tubing arrangement, automatic tensioning of the injection head, automatic clamping, and automatic lubrication of the blowout preventer. The control device can combine the abnormal alarm command, speed reduction command, or shutdown command transmitted by the electronic device to determine the coordinated control command (first control command and second control command). As shown in Figure 2, the control device 1310 can transmit the first control command to the coiled tubing equipment 1320 and the second control command to the supporting equipment 1330 to realize the fully automatic well entry and exit operation control process of the coiled tubing equipment 1320 after a given working depth and working speed.

[0059] Referring to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of a control device 1310 provided in an embodiment of this application, the automatic control of the control device 1310 includes automatic control of coiled tubing equipment (e.g., automatic control of drums, automatic control of injection heads, and automatic control of well control devices) and automatic control of supporting equipment.

[0060] In this embodiment, an electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation. This abnormal information includes at least one of the following: operational abnormalities of the tubing string and abnormal status of key components of the coiled tubing equipment. Based on this abnormal information, the electronic device determines an abnormality decision instruction, which is used to handle the abnormalities occurring during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment. Thus, the monitoring and handling of abnormalities in the coiled tubing equipment is no longer performed by operators. Instead, the electronic device acquires the abnormal information during operation, determines the abnormality decision instruction based on this information, and then handles the abnormalities occurring during operation through the abnormality decision instruction. This reduces the reliance on operator experience, lowers the risk of human error, and solves the problem of easy operational errors in related technologies. Furthermore, the electronic device can also be used to detect operational abnormalities of the tubing string or abnormal status of key components of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a flowchart of another method for handling anomalies in a coiled tubing system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, the method includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 510: The electronic device acquires the operating data of the tubing string, the operating data including the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string.

[0063] In this embodiment, the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string is the difference between the internal and external pressures of the tubing string during actual operation, and the actual axial force of the tubing string is the force along its axis experienced by the tubing string during actual operation. The operation data can be determined based on the equipment parameters and operation data of the coiled tubing equipment. The equipment parameters of the coiled tubing equipment may include at least one of the following: the size of the tubing string, material type, size of the working wellbore, wellbore trajectory data, and rheological characteristic parameters of the working fluid. The operation data of the coiled tubing equipment may include the pump pressure, wellhead pressure, index weight, run-in depth, speed, displacement, and operation data of components such as the drum, injection head, and transfer case.

[0064] Step 520: If the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string do not meet the constraint conditions of the tubing string, the electronic device determines the abnormal working information of the tubing string. The abnormal working information of the tubing string is used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its working limit.

[0065] In this embodiment, the constraints on the tubing string are the numerical requirements for the internal and external pressure difference and axial force of the tubing string, ensuring that the tubing string does not reach its working limit. Ensuring that the tubing string does not reach its working limit also ensures that the material of the tubing string does not reach its yield strength. The constraints on the tubing string may include constraints on the internal and external pressure difference and constraints on the axial force. If the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string satisfies the constraint condition for the internal and external pressure difference, and the actual axial force of the tubing string satisfies the constraint condition for the axial force, then the operating data of the tubing string can be determined to meet the constraints.

[0066] The constraints on the tubing string can also be used to simultaneously constrain the internal and external pressure difference and axial force of the tubing string. When determining whether the operating data of the tubing string meets the constraints, the actual internal and external pressure difference and the actual axial force of the tubing string can be considered comprehensively, rather than judging the actual internal and external pressure difference and the actual axial force of the tubing string separately.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, before the electronic device determines the abnormal operation information of the tubing string in step 520 when the actual internal and external pressure difference and the actual axial force of the tubing string do not meet the constraint conditions of the tubing string, the electronic device can determine the constraint conditions of the tubing string in the following way: the electronic device can obtain the equipment parameters of the tubing string, the equipment parameters including the size and material type of the tubing string; the electronic device can determine the constraint conditions of the tubing string based on the equipment parameters of the tubing string; wherein, the constraint conditions are a safe range obtained based on a first safety value of the internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and a second safety value of the axial force of the tubing string, the second safety value being a value that has a mapping relationship with the first safety value.

[0068] In this embodiment, when determining whether the tubing string has reached its working limit, the material of the tubing string can reach a preset yield strength (e.g., 0.8) as a judgment condition. The electronic device can first acquire the equipment parameters of the tubing string, including the size and material type of the tubing string. Based on the size and material type of the tubing string, the yield strength of the material of the tubing string can be determined, thereby simulating the required range of internal and external pressure difference and axial force of the tubing string without reaching its working limit.

[0069] Referring to Figure 6, which is an example diagram of the constraint conditions for a tubing string provided in an embodiment of this application, the elliptical curve represents the constraint conditions of the tubing string. If the point determined based on the actual internal and external pressure difference and the actual axial force of the tubing equipment lies inside the ellipse, then the operating data of the tubing equipment can be determined to satisfy the constraint conditions of the tubing string. In other words, the constraint conditions are used to constrain the safe range of a first safe value for the internal and external pressure difference and a second safe value for the axial force of the coiled tubing equipment. The safe range of the first safe value for the internal and external pressure difference is related to the safe range of the second safe value for the axial force.

[0070] It should be noted that the internal and external pressure difference and axial force at different locations within the tubing string may be different. In the process of determining whether the actual internal and external pressure difference and actual axial force of the tubing string meet the constraints of the tubing string, the operation data of the location with the largest internal and external pressure difference or the largest axial force in the tubing string can be obtained, and the operation data can be used for judgment.

[0071] For example, as shown in Figure 6, the area above and below the blowout preventer (BOP) box represents the location with the greatest pressure difference or axial force inside and outside the tubing string. Operational data can be obtained for these locations. The operational data above the BOP box is represented by the hollow dots in Figure 6, and the operational data below the BOP box is represented by the solid black dots. As shown in Figure 6, the points indicating the operational data above and below the BOP box are all within the ellipse representing the constraints of the tubing string, indicating that the operational data of the tubing string satisfies the constraints and there are no anomalies.

[0072] In this embodiment, the electronic device includes a data analysis module (data analysis module 1220 as shown in FIG2). The data analysis module is used to obtain the working abnormal information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment through the above-described method. Furthermore, please refer to FIG7, which is a schematic diagram of a data analysis module 1220 provided in this embodiment. As shown in FIG7, in addition to performing working limit analysis of the tubing string, the data analysis module 1220 can also be used to simulate and calculate in real time the drilling pressure and bottom hole pressure at the end of the tool string of the coiled tubing equipment, simulate and calculate in real time the fatigue life loss of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment, simulate and calculate in real time the friction coefficient between the coiled tubing and the inner wall of the wellbore, and obtain the obstruction and self-locking abnormal information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment. The fatigue life of the tubing string is used to indicate the time or number of cycles from the start of use to fatigue failure under alternating stress. The friction coefficient between the coiled tubing and the wellbore inner wall is a dimensionless parameter representing the magnitude of the frictional force between the coiled tubing and the wellbore inner wall, and is used to reflect the frictional characteristics of the contact surface.

[0073] The drilling pressure and bottom hole pressure at the end of the tool string of the coiled tubing equipment can be determined based on the equipment parameters of the coiled tubing equipment and the operating data of the coiled tubing equipment collected by the data acquisition module. The equipment parameters of the coiled tubing equipment may include at least one of the following: the size of the tubing string, the material type, the size of the working wellbore, the wellbore trajectory data, and the rheological characteristics of the working fluid. The operating data of the coiled tubing equipment may include the pump pressure, wellhead pressure, index weight, run-in depth, speed, displacement, and the operating data of components such as the drum, injection head, and transfer case.

[0074] The data analysis module 1220 can perform reverse iteration based on the operating data of the coiled tubing equipment (such as pump pressure, wellhead pressure, and tubing weight) collected by the data acquisition module to calculate and determine the friction coefficient between the coiled tubing equipment and the inner wall of the wellbore. The friction coefficient is then corrected and can be used for subsequent data analysis, thereby continuously improving the accuracy of the data analysis.

[0075] The tubing string encountering resistance and locking anomaly information is used to indicate an abnormal phenomenon of tubing string encountering resistance and locking during the operation of coiled tubing equipment. This tubing string encountering resistance and locking automatically locks the tubing string when it encounters resistance in the well and cannot continue to be lowered or raised, preventing accidental movement or slippage. When the well data reaches the resistance limit, it indicates that the coiled tubing equipment has encountered resistance and locking, and the tubing string encountering resistance and locking anomaly information can be obtained. Refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of a resistance and locking provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, when the downhole depth reaches 20,000 feet, the well data of the tubing string intersects with the resistance limit, indicating that the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment has encountered resistance and locking.

[0076] Step 530: The electronic device determines an anomaly decision instruction based on the operational anomaly information. The anomaly decision instruction is used to handle anomalies that occur in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

[0077] In this embodiment of the application, a method is provided to determine whether the tubing string has reached its working limit by using the internal and external pressure difference and axial force of the tubing string, which can more intuitively and accurately realize the monitoring of the working abnormality of the tubing string.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 9, which is a flowchart of another abnormal handling method for coiled tubing equipment provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the method includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 910: The electronic device acquires the working status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment, the key components including at least one of the injection head chain, injection head bearing and roller bearing.

[0080] In this embodiment of the application, the working status information of the key component can be the working data of the key component. The injection head chain will elongate during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment. The working status information of the injection head chain can include the elongation of the injection head chain. The working status information of the injection head bearing can be used to indicate the operating status of the injection head bearing (e.g., vibration frequency or noise frequency). The working status of the roller bearing can be used to indicate the operating status of the roller bearing (e.g., vibration frequency or noise frequency).

[0081] During the process of acquiring the operating status information of the key components by the electronic device, manual measurement or detection can be used, with the operator inputting the operating status information of the key components into the electronic device. Alternatively, the operating status information of the key components can be collected by installing sensors on the key components.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, the electronic device includes a critical component status monitoring module. This module is used to acquire abnormal status information of critical components of the coiled tubing equipment. The critical components may include an injection head chain, an injection head bearing, and a roller bearing. Referring to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of a critical component status monitoring module 1230 provided in an embodiment of this application, the critical component status monitoring module 1230 can be used to monitor the status of the injection head chain, the injection head bearing, and the roller bearing.

[0083] Step 920: When the working status information meets the preset abnormal judgment conditions, the electronic device determines that the key component has an abnormal status and obtains the abnormal status information of the key component.

[0084] In this embodiment, the preset anomaly judgment condition can be a preset condition used to determine whether the key component has an abnormal state. For the injection head chain, the preset anomaly judgment condition can be that the elongation of the injection head chain is greater than the elongation threshold of the injection head chain. By judging whether the elongation of the injection head chain meets the preset anomaly judgment condition, it can be determined whether the injection head chain has an abnormal state. In this way, the situation where the service life of the injection head chain is shortened due to excessive elongation can be avoided. For the injection head bearing and the roller bearing, the preset anomaly judgment condition can be that the vibration frequency of the bearing is within the abnormal value range of the bearing's vibration frequency or the sound frequency of the bearing is within the abnormal value range of the bearing's sound frequency. By judging whether the vibration frequency or sound frequency of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing meets the preset anomaly judgment condition, it can be determined whether the injection head bearing and the roller bearing have an abnormal state.

[0085] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the electronic device may acquire the working status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment in the following manner: the electronic device may acquire the working status information of the key components collected by a target sensor, the target sensor being located on the key components, and the working status information including at least one of the vibration information, elongation, and sound information of the key components. The target sensor includes at least one of a vibration sensor, a displacement sensor, and a noise sensor; the vibration sensor is used to collect the vibration information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing, the displacement sensor is used to collect the elongation of the injection head chain, and the noise sensor is used to collect the sound information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing.

[0086] In this embodiment, the sound information of the injection head bearing can be information about the noise generated by the injection head bearing during operation, such as sound frequency or volume. The elongation of the injection head chain can be detected by setting a displacement sensor at the injection head chain, the vibration information of the injection head bearing can be collected by setting a vibration sensor at the injection head bearing, and the sound information of the injection head bearing can be collected by setting a noise sensor at the injection head bearing. Similarly, the vibration information of the roller bearing can be collected by setting a vibration sensor at the roller bearing, and the sound information of the roller bearing can be collected by setting a noise sensor at the roller bearing.

[0087] Taking sound frequency as an example, the preset anomaly judgment condition may include the bearing's sound frequency being within a preset abnormal sound frequency band. If the frequency of noise generated by the injection head bearing or roller bearing during operation belongs to the preset abnormal sound frequency band, it can be considered that the injection head bearing or roller bearing may be damaged. In this way, there is no need to manually collect the working status information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment. Instead, automatic collection is achieved through sensors, which can avoid the situation where manual collection is prone to errors or even forgetting to collect data, and can achieve more timely and accurate monitoring of the abnormal working status of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0088] Step 930: The electronic device determines an anomaly decision instruction based on the anomaly information. The anomaly decision instruction is used to handle anomalies that occur in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

[0089] In this embodiment, the working status of key components of the coiled tubing equipment during operation can be monitored, which can avoid operational errors caused by using damaged components, thereby improving the safety and economy of the operation.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for handling anomalies in a coiled tubing system according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 11, the method includes the following steps:

[0091] Step 1110: The electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation. The abnormal information includes at least one of the following: abnormal operation information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and abnormal status information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, during the process of acquiring the abnormal working information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment, the electronic device can acquire the operating data of the tubing string, which includes the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string; if the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string do not meet the constraint conditions of the tubing string, the electronic device determines the abnormal working information of the tubing string, which is used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its working limit.

[0093] The constraint conditions of the coiled tubing equipment can be obtained in the following way: the electronic device acquires the equipment parameters of the tubing string, including the size and material type of the tubing string; the electronic device determines the constraint conditions of the tubing string based on the equipment parameters of the tubing string; wherein the constraint conditions are a safe range obtained based on a first safety value of the internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and a second safety value of the axial force of the tubing string, and the second safety value is a value that has a mapping relationship with the first safety value.

[0094] In this embodiment of the application, during the process of obtaining abnormal status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment, the electronic device can obtain the working status information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment. The key components include at least one of the injection head chain, injection head bearing, and roller bearing. When the working status information meets the preset abnormal judgment conditions, the electronic device determines that the key component has an abnormal status and obtains the abnormal status information of the key component.

[0095] In the process of acquiring the working status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment, the electronic device can acquire the working status information of the key components collected by a target sensor. The target sensor is located on the key component, and the working status information includes at least one of the following: vibration information, elongation, and sound information of the key component. The target sensor includes at least one of a vibration sensor, a displacement sensor, and a noise sensor; the vibration sensor is used to collect the vibration information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing; the displacement sensor is used to collect the elongation of the injection head chain; and the noise sensor is used to collect the sound information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing.

[0096] Step 1120: The electronic device determines an anomaly decision instruction based on the anomaly information. The anomaly decision instruction is used to handle anomalies that occur in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

[0097] Step 1130: The electronic device transmits the abnormal decision instruction to the control device. The abnormal decision instruction includes at least one of the following: an abnormal alarm instruction, a speed reduction instruction, and a shutdown instruction.

[0098] Step 1140: The control device determines the first control command and the second control command based on the abnormal decision command.

[0099] Step 1150: The control device controls the coiled tubing equipment based on the first control command.

[0100] Step 1160: The control device controls the auxiliary equipment of the coiled tubing equipment based on the second control command.

[0101] In this embodiment, an electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation. This abnormal information includes at least one of the following: operational abnormalities of the tubing string and abnormal status of key components of the coiled tubing equipment. Based on this abnormal information, the electronic device determines an abnormality decision instruction, which is used to handle the abnormalities occurring during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment. Thus, the monitoring and handling of abnormalities in the coiled tubing equipment is no longer performed by operators. Instead, the electronic device acquires the abnormal information during operation, determines the abnormality decision instruction based on this information, and then handles the abnormalities occurring during operation through the abnormality decision instruction. This reduces the reliance on operator experience, lowers the risk of human error, and solves the problem of easy operational errors in related technologies. Furthermore, the electronic device can also be used to detect operational abnormalities of the tubing string or abnormal status of key components of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0102] It should be understood that the explanations of the same or corresponding steps in Figures 1 to 11 can be referenced to each other. For example, the explanation of step 110 in Figure 1 can be applied to step 1110 in Figure 11.

[0103] Meanwhile, it should be understood that the anomaly handling method for coiled tubing equipment provided in this application embodiment has the following beneficial effects: Through the deep integration of functional modules such as data acquisition, real-time data simulation analysis, wellhead anomaly monitoring, key component status monitoring, hydraulic system detection, tubing defect detection, and maintenance, intelligent detection of various abnormal states occurring during the operation of coiled tubing equipment and its supporting equipment is achieved, as well as intelligent decision-making for corresponding control commands to handle anomalies. This empowers the corresponding control algorithms of the control equipment, realizing the intelligent and fully automated operation of coiled tubing equipment in oil and gas fields. This reduces the requirements and reliance on operator skills and anomaly handling experience, significantly reduces the risk of human error, and improves the safety and economy of production operations.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a structural block diagram of an anomaly handling device for coiled tubing equipment provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 12, this embodiment of the application provides an anomaly handling device 1200 for coiled tubing equipment, which includes an anomaly decision module 1210.

[0105] The anomaly decision module 1210 is used to acquire anomaly information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation. The anomaly information includes at least one of the following: the working anomaly information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and the status anomaly information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment. The working anomaly information of the tubing string is used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its working limit.

[0106] The anomaly decision module 1210 is further configured to determine anomaly decision instructions based on the anomaly information, the anomaly decision instructions being used to handle anomalies that occur during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0107] In one embodiment of this application, the anomaly handling device further includes at least one of a data analysis module and a key component status monitoring module; the data analysis module is used to acquire operational anomaly information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the operational anomaly information of the tubing string to the anomaly decision module; the key component status monitoring module is used to acquire status anomaly information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the status anomaly information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment to the anomaly decision module; the anomaly handling device further includes at least one of a data acquisition module, a wellhead anomaly monitoring module, a hydraulic system detection module, a tubing defect detection module, and a maintenance module.

[0108] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the operational data of the coiled tubing equipment; the wellhead anomaly monitoring module is used to acquire anomaly information at the wellhead during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the anomaly information to the anomaly decision module; the hydraulic system detection module is used to acquire anomaly information of the hydraulic system of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the anomaly information to the anomaly decision module; the tubing defect detection module is used to acquire anomaly information of the coiled tubing defects of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the anomaly information to the anomaly decision module; and the maintenance module is used to acquire anomaly information of the maintenance records of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the anomaly information of the maintenance records to the anomaly decision module.

[0109] In one embodiment of this application, during the process of the data analysis module acquiring the operational anomaly information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment, the data analysis module is specifically used to: acquire the operating data of the tubing string, the operating data including the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string; and, when the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string do not meet the constraint conditions of the tubing string, determine the operational anomaly information of the tubing string, the operational anomaly information of the tubing string being used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its operating limit.

[0110] In one embodiment of this application, during the process of the data analysis module acquiring the abnormal operation information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment, the data analysis module is further configured to: acquire equipment parameters of the tubing string, the equipment parameters including the size and material type of the tubing string; determine the constraint conditions of the tubing string based on the equipment parameters of the tubing string; wherein the constraint conditions are a safe range obtained based on a first safety value of the internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and a second safety value of the axial force of the tubing string, the second safety value being a value that has a mapping relationship with the first safety value.

[0111] In one embodiment of this application, during the process of the key component status monitoring module acquiring abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, the key component status detection module is specifically used to: acquire the working status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment, wherein the key components include at least one of the injection head chain, injection head bearing, and roller bearing; and, when the working status information meets preset abnormal judgment conditions, determine that the key component has an abnormal status and acquire the abnormal status information of the key component.

[0112] In one embodiment of this application, during the process of acquiring the working status information of key components of a coiled tubing system, the key component status detection module is specifically used to: acquire the working status information of the key component collected by a target sensor, wherein the target sensor is located on the key component, and the working status information includes at least one of the following: vibration information, elongation, and sound information of the key component. The target sensor includes at least one of a vibration sensor, a displacement sensor, and a noise sensor; the vibration sensor is used to collect the vibration information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing; the displacement sensor is used to collect the elongation of the injection head chain; and the noise sensor is used to collect the sound information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing.

[0113] In one embodiment of this application, after determining the abnormal decision instruction based on the abnormal information, the abnormal decision module is further configured to: transmit the abnormal decision instruction to the control device, wherein the abnormal decision instruction includes at least one of an abnormal alarm instruction, a speed reduction instruction, and a shutdown instruction.

[0114] In this embodiment, the anomaly handling device for coiled tubing equipment acquires anomaly information during operation. This anomaly information includes at least one of the following: operational anomalies of the tubing string and status anomalies of key components. Based on this anomaly information, the anomaly handling device determines anomaly decision instructions to handle anomalies occurring during operation. Thus, anomaly monitoring and handling are no longer performed by operators. Instead, the anomaly handling device acquires the anomaly information during operation, determines anomaly decision instructions, and then handles the anomalies. This reduces the reliance on operator experience, lowers the risk of human error, and solves the problem of operational errors in related technologies. Furthermore, the anomaly handling device can also be used to detect operational anomalies of the tubing string or status anomalies of key components of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0115] Referring to Figure 13, which is a structural block diagram of a coiled tubing control system provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 13, this application embodiment also provides a coiled tubing control system 1300, which includes a control device 1310, a coiled tubing device 1320, supporting equipment 1330, and an anomaly handling device 1200.

[0116] The control device is configured to receive anomaly decision instructions transmitted by the anomaly handling device, the anomaly decision instructions including at least one of anomaly alarm instructions, speed reduction instructions, and shutdown instructions; determine a first control instruction and a second control instruction based on the anomaly decision instructions; control the coiled tubing equipment based on the first control instruction; control the auxiliary equipment of the coiled tubing equipment based on the second control instruction; the coiled tubing equipment is configured to perform a first operation corresponding to the first control instruction; and the auxiliary equipment is configured to perform a second operation corresponding to the second control instruction.

[0117] The coiled tubing control system provided in this application embodiment can realize the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0118] As shown in Figure 14, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device 1400. The electronic device 1400 includes a processor 1410 and a memory 1420. The memory 1420 stores programs or instructions, which, when executed by the processor 1410, implement the steps of any of the methods described above. For example, when the program is executed by the processor 1410, it implements the following process: the electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, the abnormal information including at least one of operational abnormalities of the tubing string and status abnormalities of key components of the coiled tubing equipment; based on the abnormal information, the electronic device determines an abnormality decision instruction, which is used to handle the abnormalities occurring in the coiled tubing equipment during operation. In this way, the monitoring and handling of anomalies in coiled tubing equipment no longer relies on operators. Instead, electronic equipment acquires anomaly information during operation and determines anomaly decision commands based on this information. These commands are then used to handle anomalies occurring during operation. This reduces the reliance on operator experience, lowers the risk of human error, and solves the problem of operational errors inherent in related technologies. Furthermore, the electronic equipment can also be used to detect operational anomalies in the tubing string or the condition anomalies of critical components of the coiled tubing equipment.

[0119] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of various embodiments of the abnormal handling method for coiled tubing equipment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, these steps will not be repeated here.

[0120] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0121] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0122] This application provides a computer program product that is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0123] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0124] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0125] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for handling abnormalities in coiled tubing equipment, comprising: The electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, and the abnormal information includes at least one of the following: abnormal operation information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and abnormal status information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment. Based on the abnormal information, the electronic device determines an abnormal decision instruction, which is used to handle abnormalities that occur in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The abnormal information includes operational abnormalities of the tubing string in the coiled tubing equipment; the electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, including: The electronic device acquires the operating data of the tubing string, which includes the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string. If the actual internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and the actual axial force of the tubing string do not meet the constraint conditions of the tubing string, the electronic device determines the abnormal working information of the tubing string, which is used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its working limit.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The electronic device acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, and also includes: The electronic device acquires the equipment parameters of the tubing string, including the dimensions and material type of the tubing string; The electronic device determines the constraints of the tubing string based on the device parameters of the tubing string. The constraint condition is a safe range obtained based on a first safety value of the internal and external pressure difference of the tubing string and a second safety value of the axial force of the tubing string, wherein the second safety value is a value that has a mapping relationship with the first safety value.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The abnormal information includes abnormal status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment; the electronic equipment acquires abnormal information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation, including: The electronic device acquires the working status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment, including at least one of the injection head chain, injection head bearing, and roller bearing. When the working status information meets the preset abnormal judgment conditions, the electronic device determines that the key component has an abnormal status and obtains the abnormal status information of the key component.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The electronic device acquires operational status information of key components of the coiled tubing equipment, including: The electronic device acquires the working status information of key components collected by the target sensor. The target sensor is located on the key components. The working status information includes at least one of the vibration information, elongation, and sound information of the key components. The target sensor includes at least one of a vibration sensor, a displacement sensor, and a noise sensor; the vibration sensor is used to collect vibration information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing, the displacement sensor is used to collect the elongation of the injection head chain, and the noise sensor is used to collect sound information of the injection head bearing and the roller bearing.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the electronic device determines the abnormal decision instruction based on the abnormal information, the method further includes: The electronic device transmits the abnormal decision instruction to the control device, and the abnormal decision instruction includes at least one of an abnormal alarm instruction, a speed reduction instruction, and a shutdown instruction. The control device determines a first control command and a second control command based on the abnormal decision command. The control device controls the coiled tubing equipment based on the first control command; The control device controls the auxiliary equipment of the coiled tubing equipment based on the second control command.

7. An anomaly handling device for coiled tubing equipment, comprising: An anomaly decision module is used to acquire anomaly information of the coiled tubing equipment during operation. The anomaly information includes at least one of the following: operational anomaly information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and status anomaly information of the key components of the coiled tubing equipment. The operational anomaly information of the tubing string is used to indicate that the tubing string has reached its operating limit. The anomaly decision module is further configured to determine anomaly decision instructions based on the anomaly information, and the anomaly decision instructions are used to handle anomalies that occur in the coiled tubing equipment during operation.

8. The abnormality processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein The anomaly handling device also includes at least one of a data analysis module and a key component status monitoring module; The data analysis module is used to obtain the abnormal operation information of the tubing string of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the abnormal operation information of the tubing string to the abnormal decision module. The critical component status monitoring module is used to acquire abnormal status information of the critical components of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the abnormal status information of the critical components of the coiled tubing equipment to the abnormality decision module. The anomaly handling device also includes at least one of the following: a data acquisition module, a wellhead anomaly monitoring module, a hydraulic system detection module, a tubing defect detection module, and a maintenance module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating data of the coiled tubing equipment. The wellhead anomaly monitoring module is used to acquire anomaly information at the wellhead during the operation of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the anomaly information at the wellhead to the anomaly decision module. The hydraulic system detection module is used to acquire abnormal information of the hydraulic system of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the abnormal information of the hydraulic system to the abnormal decision module. The tubing defect detection module is used to acquire defect and abnormal information of the continuous tubing of the continuous tubing equipment, and transmit the defect and abnormal information of the continuous tubing to the abnormality decision module. The maintenance module is used to obtain abnormal information from the maintenance records of the coiled tubing equipment and transmit the abnormal information from the maintenance records to the abnormal decision module.

9. A coiled tubing control system comprising: Control equipment, coiled tubing equipment, auxiliary equipment, and an anomaly handling device according to claim 7 or 8; The control device is configured to receive anomaly decision instructions transmitted by the anomaly handling device, the anomaly decision instructions including at least one of anomaly alarm instructions, speed reduction instructions, and shutdown instructions; determine a first control instruction and a second control instruction based on the anomaly decision instructions; control the coiled tubing equipment based on the first control instruction; and control the auxiliary equipment of the coiled tubing equipment based on the second control instruction. The coiled tubing equipment is used to perform a first operation corresponding to the first control command; The supporting equipment is used to perform the second operation corresponding to the second control command.

10. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions running on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.

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