Virus capture and inactivation device having ion emission function

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of air purification, and aims to solve the problems of structural separation and complex maintenance in existing virus capture devices. A device core comprises an outer electrode (8) and an inner electrode (9) which are coaxially arranged, a biomimetic branched electret fiber (7), and an electret fiber cartridge (12). The outer electrode (8) is a conductive tube, and the inner wall of the outer electrode may be provided with a spiral airflow resistance post; the inner electrode (9) is of a coaxial structure, and the surface of the inner electrode is provided with a tip (22) for enhancing field strengths and a spiral groove (10) allowing for winding of the fiber. The biomimetic branched electret fiber (7) is wound around the spiral groove (10) of the inner electrode (9) at a specific inclination angle, and is located in an electrode gap; the electret fiber cartridge (12) is arranged downstream. After energization, a corona discharge area (a) and alternating high and low field strengths are formed between the coaxial electrodes, plasma, ozone and negative oxygen ions are synchronously generated, virus particles flowing therethrough are charged, and the biomimetic branched electret fiber (7) is electretized; the charged virus is captured by the fiber, and uncaptured particles are further filtered by the downstream electret fiber cartridge (12). The device has a compact structure, is convenient to maintain, can achieve dual functions of virus capture and inactivation and negative oxygen ion based air quality improvement, and is applicable to indoor air purification environments requiring virus protection.

Description

A virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air purification technology, specifically to a virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function. This device is suitable for the efficient capture and gradient inactivation of viruses in bioaerosols, while simultaneously emitting negative oxygen ions to optimize air quality. It can be widely used in indoor settings requiring virus protection and air purification, such as medical clinics, offices, and homes, and can be modularly expanded to adapt to different airflow requirements. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of air purification and ion generation, technologies that utilize electrodes to generate corona discharge, plasma, or negative ions for pollutant treatment have been widely applied. However, when applying these technologies to the capture and inactivation of bioaerosols such as viruses, existing devices have significant technical limitations: First, the ion generation and virus capture functions are structurally separate. Virus particles must first be charged in an independent charging region before migrating to the end filter material for adsorption. During this migration process, the strong electric field weakens, and the effectiveness of active substances such as ozone decreases, which not only reduces the adsorption driving force but also significantly increases the probability of virus escape. Second, the separate structure results in numerous and dispersed device components, making subsequent maintenance and replacement complex. Third, traditional devices have a single capture mechanism, often employing a single filtration or electrostatic adsorption method, leading to uneven capture efficiency for virus particles of different sizes, and the amount of ozone generated is difficult to precisely control. Fourth, although some devices have ion emission capabilities, the synergy between ion emission and virus inactivation is poor, and the core electrode components are easily damaged in oxidizing environments, limiting their service life. Technical issues

[0003] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and solve the problems of separation between ion generation and capture functions, high virus escape rate, low inactivation efficiency, complex structure, and difficult maintenance in existing virus capture and inactivation devices. Furthermore, this invention also addresses the technical challenges of traditional devices having a single capture mechanism, difficulty in accurately controlling ozone generation, poor synergy between ion emission and virus inactivation, insufficient stability of core components in oxidizing environments such as ozone, short service life, and the inability to flexibly expand the device according to actual processing needs. The purpose of this invention is to provide a virus capture and inactivation device that is compact, easy to maintain, has high capture and inactivation efficiency, controllable ozone, and stable ion emission function. Technical solutions

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission functionality. The core of this device lies in constructing an integrated unit that combines plasma / ozone generation, particle and fiber charging, simultaneous virus capture, and ion emission that overlaps spatially and temporally.

[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows: A virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function is characterized in that it includes an inner electrode (9) and an outer electrode (8) arranged coaxially. A pulsed high voltage is connected between the inner electrode (9) and the outer electrode (8). A corona discharge ion generation region (a) for generating plasma, ozone and negative ions is formed through the tip (22) of the inner electrode. The negative ions combine with oxygen in the air to form negative oxygen ions, thereby realizing the ion emission function. The pulsed high voltage is provided by a PWM high voltage pulse power supply. The positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the inner electrode (9), and the negative terminal is connected to the outer electrode (8) and grounded. The corona discharge ion generation region (a) is provided with electret fibers, which are used to receive ion bombardment in the region to complete their own electret charging. The electret fibers generate turbulence and obstruction on the airflow, prolonging the residence time and collision probability of virus particles in the corona discharge ion generation region (a), and simultaneously cooperating with negative oxygen ions to achieve the synergistic capture of virus particles.

[0006] Preferably, the electret fiber comprises a radial electret fiber web (b) composed of biomimetic bifurcated electret fibers (7) and / or an electret fiber layer (c) composed of electret fiber filaments. The biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber (7) is wound and fixed on the insulating geometric spiral groove (10) of the inner electrode (9) with a bending angle of 20° to 60°, and its surface has bifurcated fibers and / or micro-depression structures formed by laser engraving; the length of the bifurcated fiber is 3mm to 10mm, and it forms a bifurcation angle of 30° to 80° with the electret fiber body.

[0007] The electret fiber layer (c) is filled in the electret fiber box (12) with a base thickness of 2±0.1mm. When the thickness is increased by 1~3mm, the porosity increases from 50% to 70% with the thickness within this range. After adjustment, the airflow resistance is ≤200Pa. While ensuring the charging effect, the airflow loss is reduced and the overall working efficiency of the device is improved.

[0008] Furthermore, the top and bottom boxes of the electret fiber box (12) can be replaced with two flat circular blocks with ventilation holes, the diameter of which is the same as that of the electret fiber box (12); by lengthening the outer electrode (8) and the inner electrode (9), the electrode spacing can reach several centimeters or even more than ten centimeters; the electret fiber layer (c) can be arranged in a stacked manner to make it have a larger porosity to meet the corona discharge electret requirements under large spacing, while ensuring smooth airflow and efficient charging, meeting the requirements of airflow resistance ≤200Pa, and broadening the applicable scenarios of the device.

[0009] Preferably, the inner electrode (9) is made of chromium zirconium copper with a conductivity ≥58MS / m, which meets the requirements of GB / T 5231-2022 (equivalent to ASTM B150) standard, and is provided with a tip structure (22) with a curvature radius ≤0.5mm.

[0010] According to the formula for calculating the field strength concentration factor β, β = 1 + 1.5√(h / r) (where h is the tip height and r is the tip radius), when the tip height h = 1 mm and the tip radius r = 0.25 mm, β ≈ 4, and the local maximum field strength can reach more than 5 kV / mm, far exceeding the air breakdown field strength threshold (3 kV / mm), thus ensuring stable corona discharge under a 12 mm gap and a 15-20 kV working voltage.

[0011] The axial deviation between the inner and outer electrodes (8,9) is ≤0.3mm. The cylindrical surface between the upper and lower adjacent inner electrode tips (22) of the axis of the inner electrode (9) is provided with an insulating geometric spiral groove (10) with a V-shaped cross-section. The arrangement position of the inner electrode tips (22) should first meet the requirements for the fabrication of the insulating geometric spiral groove (10).

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the outer electrode (8) may also be provided with a spiral wind resistance column that avoids the mirror projection range of the inner electrode tip (22) to enhance airflow turbulence. The airflow contact surface of the outer electrode (8) is coated with a 1-3 μm nickel transition layer and a 3-10 μm iridium layer, and the inner electrode (9) is coated with a 3-10 μm iridium layer. The coating must meet the ozone resistance stability requirement of a contact resistance change rate ≤3% after 500 h of exposure to 200 ppm ozone, and the coating adhesion must meet the requirements of ASTM B571-2018 Class 0. The electret fiber is made of ozone-resistant materials such as PVDF or ozone-resistant modified polypropylene. The electret fiber box (12) is made of PBI or PBI / PEEK mixed injection molding material.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom box of the electret fiber box (12) is pre-embedded with a threaded copper base. The h / r depth-to-diameter ratio of the thread is designed to make its field strength amplification factor β≥4.36, which can enhance the local field strength. Through the micro-gap and breathable grid of the electret fiber layer (c), a synergistic electret charging effect is achieved, while simultaneously adsorbing charged particles that enter with the airflow to enhance the charged charge. When the electret fiber box (12) is not used or the electret fiber box (12) is not filled with electret fibers, the negative ion emission function of the device will be enhanced.

[0014] Preferably, the device is equipped with a 0~20kV adaptive PWM high-voltage pulse power supply with a frequency of 5~10kHz and an adjustable duty cycle of 1%~60%. This power supply achieves precise control of ozone generation through duty cycle adjustment. When the duty cycle is as low as 1%, the ozone generation is theoretically ≤0.01ppm, which can directly meet the GB / T 18883-2022 (equivalent to ISO 16000) indoor air quality standard; when the duty cycle is increased to 40%~50%, efficient virus inactivation can be achieved.

[0015] The power supply is linked with the ozone detection probe (1), temperature detection probe (13), and flame detection probe (5) to form a closed-loop safety control: when the ozone concentration exceeds the set threshold (0.08ppm), the temperature is abnormal, or there is an open flame, the power supply is automatically cut off and the machine is shut down in an emergency, with a response time of ≤50ms.

[0016] The control signal line (microcontroller → PWM high-voltage pulse power supply) uses 8×0.5mm² shielded twisted-pair cable, with a recommended maximum length of ≤10 meters. For longer distances, a signal amplifier can be added or RS485 bus transmission can be used. The power line (PWM high-voltage pulse power supply → inverter box) uses 3×0.75mm² copper core cable, with a recommended maximum length of ≤5 meters. For longer distances, 3×1.0mm² thicker wire can be used, or a DC voltage regulator module can be added at the inverter box end to compensate for voltage loss. The shielding layer of the control signal line is grounded at one end (grounding resistance ≤4Ω) to reduce high-voltage interference.

[0017] Preferably, the device adopts a modular design, with a single core electrode unit handling an air volume of 0.3~0.5m³. 3 / s, and can be connected in series with N groups of units, N≤5, to achieve linear expansion of the processing air volume. The inner electrodes (9) of adjacent units are coaxially connected through chromium zirconium copper conductive connectors (conductivity ≥58MS / m), and the outer electrodes (8) are grounded uniformly through grounding bars with a cross-sectional area ≥10mm². The grounding system complies with the grounding specifications of GB 50169-2023 (compliant with IEC 60364). After expansion, the total working voltage is maintained at 0~20kV. The field strength of each unit is dynamically distributed through PWM high-voltage pulse power supply, and the duty cycle is adjusted synchronously (uniformly set to 40%~50%) to ensure that the ozone generation of each group is balanced. When ≥3 groups are connected in series, the cooling air ventilation volume needs to be increased to 0.5~0.8m 3 / s.

[0018] Preferably, the device further includes a gas collection hood (2) and a desiccant box (18) at the air inlet, and an ozone molecular sieve box (14) at the air outlet. The desiccant box (18) is filled with silica gel desiccant to control the air inlet humidity to ≤60% and ensure the stability of corona discharge. The ozone molecular sieve box (14) is filled with 13X type molecular sieve, whose pore size and polarity are adapted to ozone molecules, and whose adsorption capacity is ≥30g / 100g molecular sieve, to initially reduce the ozone concentration in the cavity by 40%~60%, thus reducing the burden on subsequent waste gas treatment.

[0019] Core Structure

[0020] The core of this invention lies in constructing an integrated unit that overlaps in space and time in terms of "plasma / ozone generation - particle and fiber charging - synchronous capture". This integrated unit mainly consists of the following parts: an outer electrode (8), an inner electrode (9), an electret fiber mesh (b) composed of biomimetic bifurcated electret fibers (7) wrapped around the inner electrode, an insulating sleeve (11) set downstream of the airflow for installing the outer electrode (8), and a baffle plate (4) for fixing the inner electrode (9). The baffle plate (4) uses three high-voltage resistant insulating arc-shaped inclined blades to support the central cylinder, and an M4 internal thread copper seat is pre-embedded in the center of the cylinder to connect and support the inner electrode (9). When the coaxial electrode system applies a pulsed high voltage, the curvature of the inner electrode tip (22) changes abruptly (r≤0.5mm), forming a non-uniform electric field between the electrodes based on the curvature change of the electrode surface. This region is defined as "corona discharge ion generation region a". This electric field synchronously generates plasma, ozone and negative ions, and realizes the synchronous execution of the following three processes:

[0021] (1) Charge the virus particles that flow through it;

[0022] (2) To complete the electret charging of the biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber (7) and the electret fiber inside the electret fiber box (12) that are directly set in this area and wound on the inner electrode;

[0023] (3) The charged virus particles are captured by the nearby electret fibers.

[0024] By combining the traditionally separate "charged region" and "capture region" into one, the possibility of virus particles escaping during migration is significantly reduced, and the efficiency of primary processing is improved.

[0025] 2. Gradual extermination process

[0026] Subsequently, the airflow carries the remaining particles that were not initially captured into the downstream electret fiber box (12) for deep filtration and final inactivation. Thus, the device realizes a gradient capture and elimination process from "synchronous capture in the corona zone" to "downstream deep filtration".

[0027] 3. Three-level cooperative capture structure

[0028] Based on the above structure, the device forms a three-level capture structure through a multi-level collaborative mechanism:

[0029] 3.1. Level 1: Electrophoretic Enrichment and Primary Interception

[0030] The plasma generated in the corona region (a) charges the virus particles, which then migrate towards the inner electrode (9) region, which serves as the negative electrode, under the action of dielectric force. The electret fiber network (b) directly located in this region constitutes the first physical barrier. It is arranged radially at an inclination angle of 20° to 60°, forming a dense and staggered interception surface, which generates efficient electrostatic adsorption and inertial collision interception of charged particles.

[0031] 3.2. Level Two: Biomimetic Structure Depth Capture

[0032] [Correction based on Rule 91, March 25, 2026] The “biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber (7)” (i.e., electret fiber mesh (b)) has a micro-depression structure on its surface or is irregularly bonded with bifurcated fiber filaments (bifurcating angle 0-90°) with a diameter of 1-5 μm, which can mechanically intercept uncharged particles. Its longitudinal and transverse structure works in conjunction with the spiral wind resistance column on the inner wall of the outer electrode (8) to disturb the airflow and generate local turbulence, prolonging the particle residence time, thereby greatly improving the capture probability through multiple mechanisms such as Brownian diffusion, inertial impaction and electrostatic adsorption. The radially arranged electret fiber mesh (b) itself can generate turbulence and obstruction on the passing airflow, prolonging the residence time of virus particles in the strong electric field region (a), which is one of the important factors for achieving efficient capture. In addition, the turbulence effect can be further enhanced by setting special spiral wind resistance columns or other structures on the inner wall of the outer electrode (8).

[0033] 3.3. Third stage: Deep electret filtration

[0034] The airflow finally passes through the electret fiber layer (c) in the electret fiber box (12) (which is filled in a crisscross pattern with a porosity of 55%~65%, and the porosity increases gradually with the thickness). While maintaining low airflow resistance (<200Pa), this structure forms a large number of meandering submicron channels to finally filter out extremely fine or insufficiently charged particles that have penetrated the first two stages. It mainly relies on micropore interception, electrostatic attraction, and van der Waals forces to achieve deep purification.

[0035] 3.4. Theoretical analysis shows that this multi-level synergistic mechanism can achieve a virus capture efficiency significantly higher than that of the traditional separation structure. Beneficial effects

[0036] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following significant advantages: Functional integration and theoretical verification: Ion emission, plasma / ozone generation, virus charging, fiber electret, and virus capture and inactivation are integrated into the corona discharge ion generation region of a single coaxial electrode structure, eliminating the virus migration and escape path. Theoretically, the concentration of negative oxygen ions emitted can be ≥1×10⁶ ions / cm³. 3This achieves the dual effects of virus elimination and air purification. Theoretical calculations of the field strength amplification factor verify that the internal electrode tip design can achieve a local field strength exceeding 5kV / mm, far exceeding the air breakdown threshold. The field strength can be adjusted by voltage to slightly exceed 3kV / mm, ensuring stable corona discharge and providing solid theoretical support for the integrated design.

[0037] Highly efficient gradient capture and elimination: A gradient capture and elimination process was constructed, from primary interception by electrophoretic enrichment in the corona region, deep capture by the biomimetic structure, to deep filtration by the electret fiber layer. Combined with airflow disturbance design, the process achieves high capture efficiency for virus particles of different sizes through the synergistic effect of multiple mechanisms such as electrostatic adsorption, inertial collision, and mechanical interception.

[0038] Precise and controllable ozone emission: Through dynamic adjustment of the duty cycle and voltage of the PWM high-voltage pulse power supply (adjustable within a wide range of 1%~60%), the device can flexibly switch between a high-efficiency inactivation mode (duty cycle 40%~50%) and an ultra-low ozone emission mode (duty cycle 1%~30%). Combined with a 13X ozone molecular sieve box, it initially decomposes 40%~60% of the ozone, ensuring that the ozone concentration in the exhaust gas meets the GB / T 18883-2022 (equivalent to ISO 16000) standard (≤0.08ppm), adapting to different scenario requirements.

[0039] High stability and long lifespan: The electrodes are iridium-plated (meeting a contact resistance change rate of ≤3% after 500 hours of exposure to 200ppm ozone), and the electret fiber and housing are made of ozone-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, effectively resisting oxidative damage and ensuring long-term stable operation. Compact structure and convenient maintenance: The modular design allows for quick replacement of major components. The overall length of a single core electrode unit is ≤400mm, and the outer diameter is ≤50mm. Consumable replacement is simple, and maintenance costs are low.

[0040] [Corrected according to detailed rule 91, March 25, 2026] The electret fiber layer is a filler type, allowing for quick replacement. Consumables are compatible with internationally recognized specifications, with a replacement cycle of 2 months, the electret fiber box replacement cycle of 3 years, and the ozone molecular sieve replacement cycle of 6–12 months. Maintenance guidelines are clear. Flexible expansion: Based on modular core units, it can be vertically expanded (N≤5 groups), and the processing air volume can be linearly expanded to 0.3–2.5 m³ / h. 3 / s, which can be flexibly adapted to different application scenarios with different processing air volume and pollution concentration, and the cooling air volume and molecular sieve specifications can be adjusted simultaneously when expanding.

[0041] Comprehensive safety protection: Equipped with ozone, temperature, and flame multi-detection probes and closed-loop power supply control, and protective structures such as insulating sleeves, shielded grounding, and high-voltage warning signs. The high-voltage hazard signs comply with GB 2894-2008 and ISO 7010 safety sign specifications, and the grounding resistance is ≤4Ω, ensuring the safety of operation and personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0042] This utility model includes 12 accompanying drawings, which are schematic hand-drawn illustrations used to visually demonstrate the structural composition and connection relationships of the technical solution. The core functions and component labels of each drawing are as follows:

[0043] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the device, showing the assembly relationship of the components and the airflow direction.

[0044] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the main structure of the device, clearly showing the arrangement of the corona discharge ion generation region (a), electret fiber network (b), electret fiber layer (c) formed by the two poles of the cavity, as well as the connection relationship of the electrode power supply leads.

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber wound on the inner electrode, illustrating the winding and fixing method of the biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber on the geometric spiral groove of the insulator.

[0046] Figures 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams showing the details of two different biomimetic bifurcated electret fibers, respectively demonstrating the microstructural features of the multi-strand fiber combination type and the single fiber bonding type.

[0047] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the external electrode, illustrating the arrangement of the spiral drag columns;

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inner electrode, showing the segmentation of the inner electrode, the arrangement of its tips, and the forming position of the geometric spiral groove of the insulator.

[0049] Figures 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of the structure and dimensions of the top and bottom boxes of the electret fiber box, showing the shape of the top and bottom boxes, the grid layout, and the installation position of the embedded copper base;

[0050] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the matching of the conical grid holes of the electret fiber box, showing the ventilation hole structure after the grids of the top box and the bottom box are overlapped and combined; after combination, the air holes of the top box and the bottom box overlap each other to achieve ventilation.

[0051] The top box and bottom box can be replaced by two flat circular blocks with ventilation holes, the diameter of which is the same as that of the electret fiber box (12). By lengthening the outer electrode (8) and the inner electrode (9), the electrode spacing can be significantly increased, so that the electrode spacing can reach several centimeters or even tens of centimeters. At the same time, the electret fiber layer (c) can be stacked to improve its porosity, ensuring that the tip of the inner electrode (9) and the outer electrode (8) can form a stable corona discharge through the large pores of the electret fiber, reliably realizing electret treatment and adapting to electret requirements in different scenarios.

[0052] Figure 11 is a diagram of the electrode arrangement of the device, which is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the inner and outer circular electrodes, showing the coaxial arrangement of the tip of the inner electrode and the outer electrode. The inner electrode has a tip formed by processing.

[0053] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bite-tip type inner electrode, showing the bite-tip structure formed by the inner electrode groove or protrusion and the outer conductor forming a loop.

[0054] The main components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: ozone detection probe (1), gas collection hood (2), hose 1 (3), baffle (4), multispectral flame detection probe (5), cooling air inlet (6), biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber (7), outer electrode (8), inner electrode (9), insulator geometric spiral groove (10), insulating sleeve (11), electret fiber box (12), temperature detection probe (13), molecular sieve box (14), union 2 (15), hose 2 (16), ultraviolet lamp (17), desiccant box (18), union 1 (19), inverter box (20), cooling air outlet (21), inner electrode tip (22), union 3 (23), corona discharge ion generation area (a), electret fiber mesh (b), electret fiber layer (c), bonding area (d). The best implementation method of this utility model

[0055] The preferred embodiment of this invention is a single core electrode unit configuration adapted to indoor low-to-medium pollution scenarios (such as offices and homes). Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0056] Electrode assembly: The outer electrode (8) is made of T2 copper tube conforming to GB / T 14953-2017 (equivalent to ASTM B111), with a nominal inner diameter of 29.6 mm. After grinding and polishing, the inner diameter is 30 mm, the outer diameter is 32 mm, the total length is 310±1 mm, the axial straightness is ≤0.1 mm / m, and the surface roughness Ra≤0.15 μm. The inner wall is fixed with 1×1 mm PVDF spiral wind resistance column (23 turns, 10 mm spacing between turns), and the airflow contact surface is plated with a 1~2 μm nickel transition layer + 5~8 μm iridium layer. The inner electrode (9) is made of chromium zirconium copper conforming to GB / T 5231-2022 (equivalent to ASTM B150) (conductivity ≥58 MS / m), and is made of Φ4 mm (315.8±0.2 mm) and Φ6 mm (21.2±0.2 mm) copper rods coaxially welded together, with a total length of 337 mm±0.5 mm. Starting 40mm from the thread end of the Φ4mm section, three tapered tips (22) are arranged every 20mm, for a total of 14 groups and 42 tips. The tips are Φ0.5mm at the top, Φ1.5mm at the bottom, and 1mm high, with a radius of curvature ≤0.5mm. The surface is injection molded with a 3×3mm V-shaped insulator geometric spiral groove (10). The inner electrode is plated with a 5~8μm iridium layer, and the coating meets the requirement that the contact resistance change rate is ≤3% after 500h exposure to 200ppm ozone. The axial deviation between the inner and outer electrodes is ≤0.2mm.

[0057] Electret fiber assembly: The biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber (7) is made of PVDF material with a bending angle of 20°~60°. Micron-sized bifurcated fibers with a length of 5~8mm and a bifurcation angle of 30°~80° are bonded to the surface and wound on the spiral groove (10) to form a radial electret fiber mesh (b) to ensure that the tip of the inner electrode (22) is not blocked. The electret fiber box (12) is made of PBI material. The top box and the bottom box form a 2±0.1mm sandwich layer. The inside is filled with PVDF electret fiber to form an electret fiber layer (c). The fiber diameter is 5±1μm, the porosity is 55%~65%, and the airflow resistance is ≤150Pa. The bottom box is pre-embedded with an M6×1 copper base (outer diameter Φ8mm). The exposed part of the copper base is laser-engraved with threads. The nickel plating layer is 1-3μm and the iridium layer is ≥3-10μm. The thread tip generates a corona discharge effect with the outer electrode (8) through the filled electret fiber pores.

[0058] Power supply configuration: Use a 0~20kV PWM high-voltage pulse power supply. Connect the positive terminal of the power supply to the inner electrode (9) and the negative terminal to the outer electrode (8) and ground. The grounding resistance is ≤4Ω. The default parameters are voltage 15kV, frequency 8kHz, and duty cycle 45%. Negative ions can be generated stably under these parameters. In low ozone scenarios, the duty cycle can be adjusted to 30%~40%, and the voltage can be finely adjusted to 12~13kV, or the duty cycle can be further reduced to 1%. Theoretically, the ozone generation can be kept at an extremely low level, which is within the safe range of GB / T 18883-2022 "Indoor Air Quality Standard". No external exhaust gas treatment device is required.

[0059] Auxiliary components: The desiccant box (18) is filled with silica gel desiccant to control the intake air humidity to ≤60%. The ozone molecular sieve box (14) uses 13X type molecular sieve with a filling amount of 60±5g and an adsorption capacity of ≥30g / 100g, which initially decomposes 40%~50% of ozone. The cooling air ventilation volume is ≥0.3m³ / s, and a centrifugal fan with a rated total pressure of ≥400Pa and a power of 300~400W is selected. Equipped with a DS18B20 temperature detection probe, an MQ-131 ozone detection probe, and an IR flame detection probe to achieve multiple safety monitoring.

[0060] Assembly and Debugging: The external electrode (8) and the insulating sleeve (11) are fitted with an interference fit (0.2 mm) and fixed with ag-260 epoxy resin glue, with a coaxiality deviation ≤ 0.01 mm. The top box of the electret fiber box (12) is bonded to the designated position of the external electrode with ag-260 epoxy resin, and the shear strength of the glue layer after curing is ≥ 15 MPa. The inner electrode is connected to the baffle (4) and the bottom box of the electret fiber box by threads and the orientation is calibrated to ensure that the tip and the spiral wind resistance column are unobstructed. After assembly, the ozone generation is calibrated according to GB / T 18263-2019 (equivalent to ISO 6145) to ensure that the initial ozone concentration is ≤ 0.3 ppm.

[0061] Maintenance cycle: Replace electret fiber layer (c) every 2 months (when the air permeability resistance is ≥200Pa or the fiber appears yellow and broken); replace electret fiber box (12) bottom box every 3 years; replace ozone molecular sieve every 6~12 months (when the initial decomposition efficiency is less than 30%); test the grounding system every 6 months (grounding resistance ≤4Ω); calibrate PWM high voltage pulse power supply every 12 months. Embodiments of this utility model

[0062] The embodiments of this utility model can be flexibly adjusted according to actual application scenarios, including but not limited to the following forms: Single unit implementation:

[0063] In addition to the optimal implementation method, for small, low-pollution spaces (such as single-person offices), the PWM duty cycle can be adjusted to 1%~30%, ozone generation ≤0.01ppm, and negative oxygen ion emission concentration ≥1×10⁶ ions / cm³. 3 Simplify auxiliary components and omit external exhaust gas treatment devices; for high-pollution small spaces (such as medical clinics), increase the duty cycle to 50%~55%, adjust the voltage to 18~20kV, replace with a large-capacity ozone molecular sieve box (filling amount 80±5g), and connect an external ozone catalytic decomposition device.

[0064] Multiple series extension implementation: 2~5 core electrode units are connected in series longitudinally, expanding the total processing air volume to 0.6~2.5m³ / s. Electrodes (9) in adjacent units are coaxially connected through chromium zirconium copper conductive connectors (conductivity ≥58MS / m), and external electrodes (8) are grounded uniformly through grounding bars with a cross-sectional area ≥10mm², with a grounding resistance ≤4Ω. When ≥3 units are connected in series, the cooling air volume is increased to 0.5~0.8m³ / s, and an axial flow fan with an air volume ≥0.8m³ / s is replaced. The ozone molecular sieve box is selected as a large-capacity model with an adsorption capacity ≥50g.

[0065] Special electrode structure implementation: In addition to circular coaxial electrodes, square coaxial electrodes can be used. The inner electrode is a 4×4mm square copper strip (0.2mm chamfered on all four sides), and the outer electrode is a 30×30mm square copper tube (with rounded chamfers). The square inner electrode has a pointed structure or interlocking pointed tips to ensure the formation of alternating high and low field strengths, stably generating plasma, ozone, and negative oxygen ions. The electret fiber box grid is suitable for square electrodes with square breathable grids; the rest of the structure is the same as that of the circular electrode.

[0066] Implementation of alternative materials for core components: The inner electrode can be made of conductive materials such as beryllium bronze and oxygen-free copper, which have the same conductivity, arc resistance and ozone resistance. The same effect can be achieved by simply adjusting the electrode spacing (±10%) or the working voltage (±10%). The electret fiber can be made of ozone-resistant modified polypropylene and other polymer materials with strong static electricity retention. The insulating sleeve can be made of other insulating materials that have thermal conductivity, strength and high voltage resistance, and then covered with an ozone-resistant metal shell and grounded.

[0067] Implementation methods adapted for different particle sizes: For PM10 and larger particles, while maintaining the porosity of the electret fiber layer at 55%~65%, the layer height is increased to 3mm to enhance physical interception. At the same time, the power supply voltage and duty cycle are appropriately increased, and a large-capacity ozone molecular sieve box is used to compensate for ozone generation. For submicron-sized small virus particles, the branching density of the biomimetic branched electret fiber is optimized, and the diameter of the branched fiber is reduced to 1~5μm to further improve Brownian diffusion capture efficiency.

[0068] General safety and maintenance procedures: Before replacing consumables or performing maintenance, disconnect the power supply, allow the device to stand for 5 minutes, and discharge any residual charge using a discharge rod (resistance ≥1MΩ, conforming to GB 13398-2003). For electrodes with slight surface ablation (pits <0.2mm), polish with 800-grit sandpaper; for severely ablated electrodes (pits ≥0.2mm), replace the electrode immediately. Inspect the grounding system every 6 months, and calibrate the power supply every 12 months to ensure long-term safe and stable operation of the device. Industrial applicability

[0069] This utility model's virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function has strong industrial applicability, enabling large-scale production, standardized assembly, and commercial application in multiple scenarios. The industrial feasibility of its manufacturing is as follows: core components all adopt conventional industrial processing techniques (turning, welding, plating, injection molding, etc.). For example, electrode processing accuracy meets the requirements of axial straightness ≤0.1mm / m and roughness Ra≤0.15μm. Raw materials (T2 copper, chromium zirconium copper, PVDF, PBI, 13X molecular sieve, etc.) are all common industrial materials, easy to procure, cost-controllable, and suitable for industrialized assembly line production.

[0070] Modular and standardized product design: Utilizing a modular core electrode unit design, each unit has standardized specifications. The overall length of a single core electrode unit is ≤400mm, and the outer diameter is ≤50mm, facilitating indoor installation and international logistics. Standard units can be mass-produced according to market demand, and then quickly assembled and expanded (N≤5 units) according to customer airflow requirements, eliminating the need for separate mold design and significantly reducing production and customization costs. Core consumables (electret fiber, ozone molecular sieve, desiccant) are standardized and compatible with internationally recognized specifications, facilitating large-scale production and market supply.

[0071] Wide applicability and adaptability: It can be widely used in both civilian (homes, offices, schools, hospital clinics) and industrial (biopharmaceutical workshops, food processing workshops, clean rooms) fields, handling air volumes ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 m³ / s, with a negative oxygen ion emission concentration ≥ 1 × 10⁶ ions / cm³. 3 With parameter adjustments and module expansion, it boasts exceptional adaptability. The device incorporates multiple safety protections, including a power emergency stop system linked to ozone, temperature, and flame detectors (response time ≤50ms), and grounding (grounding resistance ≤4Ω) and high-voltage warning design compliant with GB 50169-2023 (IEC 60364) standards. High-voltage hazard signs comply with GB 2894-2008 and ISO 7010 safety signage standards, ensuring safe operation.

[0072] Industrial convenience for maintenance and after-sales service: Modular design simplifies the replacement of core components and consumables (e.g., electret fiber layers use a standardized snap-fit ​​structure, requiring replacement every 2 months; ozone molecular sieves require replacement every 6-12 months), eliminating the need for specialized and complex equipment and resulting in low after-sales maintenance costs. Standardized consumables facilitate the establishment of a global after-sales supply chain.

[0073] Compliant with industry standards and environmental requirements: The design, production, and operation of the device comply with multiple national and international industry standards: electrode materials comply with GB / T 14953-2017 (equivalent to ASTM B111) and GB / T 5231-2022 (equivalent to ASTM B150); ozone emissions and negative oxygen ion concentrations comply with GB / T 18883-2022 (equivalent to ISO 16000); the grounding system complies with GB 50169-2023 (complies with IEC 60364); safety signs comply with GB 2894-2008 and ISO 7010. Through precise ozone control and preliminary decomposition using molecular sieves, combined with an external waste gas treatment device, ozone emissions meet standards without secondary pollution.

[0074] Market Demand and Commercial Value: The current market demand for virus protection and air purification continues to rise. This device combines the dual functions of virus capture and inactivation with negative ion emission, achieving a stable negative ion emission concentration of ≥1×10⁶ ions / cm³. 3 The product boasts strong competitiveness. Its compact structure, convenient maintenance, and scalability allow it to meet the personalized needs of customers in different countries and regions, possessing broad global market prospects.

[0075] Technology scalability and upgradability: The core technology solution is based on the synergistic innovation of mature technologies such as corona discharge, electret adsorption, and plasma inactivation. The technical principles are clear (the feasibility of the advanced field strength amplification factor β has been verified by theoretical calculations), making it easy for global manufacturers to understand and promote. Modules such as power control, electrode structure, and electret fiber design can be independently upgraded (e.g., optimizing intelligent control algorithms and improving fiber structure) without requiring a complete reconfiguration of the device, ensuring the product's continued market competitiveness.

[0076] Non-professionals are strictly prohibited from disassembling or repairing the device (repairs must be performed by personnel holding a high-voltage electrician's certificate); it is strictly forbidden to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM high-voltage pulse power supply to more than 60% without authorization, so as to avoid exceeding the ozone concentration standard.

Claims

1. A virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function, characterized in that, include: An inner electrode (9) and an outer electrode (8) are arranged coaxially. The inner electrode (9) is provided with a tip structure (22). A pulsed high voltage is connected between the inner electrode (9) and the outer electrode (8), forming a corona discharge ion generation region (a) between them. An electret fiber is provided in the corona discharge ion generation region (a) to capture virus particles flowing through the region.

2. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electret fiber includes an electret fiber web (b) and / or an electret fiber layer (c); the electret fiber web (b) is composed of biomimetic branched electret fibers (7) wound around the inner electrode (9); the electret fiber layer (c) is composed of electret fiber filaments filled in the electret fiber box (12), and the two form a multi-level virus particle capture structure.

3. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electret fiber mesh (b) is composed of biomimetic bifurcated electret fibers. The main body of the biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber has a bending angle of 20° to 60°. The surface is bonded with bifurcated fibers by ozone-resistant adhesive. The length of the bifurcated fibers is 3mm to 10mm, and they form a bifurcation angle of 30° to 80° with the main body of the electret fiber. And / or, the surface of the biomimetic bifurcated electret fiber is provided with a micro-depression structure formed by laser engraving. The electret fiber mesh (b) is arranged radially in the corona discharge ion generation region (a).

4. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner electrode (9) and the outer electrode (8) are coaxially arranged circular or square electrode structures. When it is a square electrode, its right-angled side is provided with rounded chamfers. The inner electrode (9) is provided with a pointed structure (22) for enhancing the local field strength.

5. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulator geometric spiral groove (10) is provided on the cylindrical surface between the upper and lower adjacent inner electrode tips (22) of the axis of the inner electrode (9), and the cross-section of the insulator geometric spiral groove (10) is V-shaped.

6. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner electrode (9) and the outer electrode (8) are arranged coaxially with an axial deviation of ≤0.3mm; the radius of curvature of the inner electrode tip (22) is ≤0.5mm; the inner electrode tip (22) is a conical or needle-shaped structure.

7. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer electrode (8) is also provided with an airflow disturbance structure, which is a spiral wind resistance column, and the circumferential position of the spiral wind resistance column avoids the mirror projection range of the inner electrode tip (22) on the inner wall of the outer electrode (8).

8. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top and bottom boxes of the electret fiber box (12) are equipped with breathable grids, and electret fibers are stacked inside the box to form an electret fiber layer (c); the bottom box of the electret fiber box (12) is pre-embedded with a copper base with pre-made threads; the thickness of the electret fiber layer (c) is 2~5mm and the porosity is 50%~70%.

9. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top and bottom boxes of the electret fiber box (12) are flat circular blocks with ventilation holes, and the diameter of the holes of the flat circular blocks is consistent with the diameter of the ventilation grid of the electret fiber box (12); the distance between the outer electrode (8) and the inner electrode (9) is several centimeters to more than ten centimeters; the electret fiber layer (c) is arranged in multiple layers.

10. The virus capture and inactivation device with ion emission function according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The airflow contact surface of the outer electrode (8) is coated with a nickel transition layer of 1~3μm and an iridium layer of 3~10μm, and the inner electrode (9) is coated with an iridium layer of 3~10μm.

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