Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a communication method and a communication apparatus. The communication method comprises: transmitting a first message with a reader; and transmitting a second message with the reader, wherein the second message is a message in response to the first message, and the transmission direction of the first message is opposite to the transmission direction of the second message; a start moment of the second message is within a first time interval, a start moment of the first time interval is a first moment, and an end moment of the first time interval is a second moment; and an interval between the first moment and an end moment of the first message and / or an interval between the second moment and the end moment of the first message is determined on the basis of one or more of the following: the duration of corresponding information bits when an IoT device sends a message, the duration of a chip, or the number of encoding repetitions. Information sent by a reader can be received by an IoT device, or information sent by the IoT device can be received by the reader, thereby ensuring the quality of communication between the IoT device and the reader.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510400145.9, filed on March 28, 2025, entitled "Communication Method and Communication Apparatus", and to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510601123.9, filed on May 9, 2025, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a communication method and a communication device. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of communication technology, a low-power, low-complexity Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been proposed, including Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) technology. Terminals in IoT can also be called IoT devices, and devices that communicate with IoT devices are called readers / writers.

[0004] The messages sent by the reader to the IoT device are called reader-to-device (R2D) messages, and the messages sent by the IoT device to the reader are called device-to-reader (D2R) messages.

[0005] When IoT devices communicate with readers, ensuring that the messages sent by the readers can be received by the IoT devices or vice versa has become a pressing technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method and a communication device that enable the reader to receive the information sent by the reader or the IoT device to receive the information sent by the reader, thereby ensuring the communication quality between the IoT device and the reader.

[0007] Firstly, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to a first communication device, such as an IoT device or a communication module within an IoT device, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip) responsible for communication functions within an IoT device. In this application, an IoT device is used as an example for description.

[0008] The communication method includes: transmitting a first message with a reader; transmitting a second message with the reader, the second message being a message in response to the first message, the first message and the second message being transmitted in opposite directions; wherein the start time of the second message is located within a first time interval, the start time of the first time interval is the first time, and the end time of the first time interval is the second time; the interval between the first time and the end time of the first message and / or the interval between the second time and the end time of the first message is determined based on one or more of the following: the duration of the information bit, the duration of the chip, the frequency shift factor, the coding rate, or the number of repetitions.

[0009] For example, when the transmission directions of the first message and the second message are opposite, the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader.

[0010] Understandably, when the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, the transmission of the first message with the reader can also be replaced by receiving the first message from the reader; the transmission of the second message with the reader can also be replaced by sending the second message to the reader.

[0011] For example, when the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, the interval between the first moment and the end moment of the first message is denoted as T. R2D_min Let T be the interval between the second moment and the end moment of the first message. R2D_max .So,

[0012] For T R2D_min :

[0013] In one implementation, T R2D_min=β1*T1-α; where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, β1 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. For example, T1 is the duration of the information bits for the second message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the IoT device sends a message to the reader). Another example is the duration of the information bits for the first message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the reader sends a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system. This minimum duration can be either the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Finally, T1 can be the maximum duration of the information bits supported by the system. The maximum duration of information bits supported by the system can be the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when a reader or writer sends a message, or the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system can be the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when an IoT device sends a message.

[0014] In one implementation, T R2D_min =β1*2*R*T2-α; where T2 represents the chip duration, R represents the frequency shift factor, β1 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader; or,

[0015] T R2D_min =γ1*T2-α; where T2 represents the chip duration, γ1 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader.

[0016] For example, T2 is the duration of the chip for the second message (which can also be described as the duration of the chip used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader). Another example is that T2 is the duration of the chip for the first message (which can also be described as the duration of the chip used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is that T2 is the minimum chip duration supported by the system. The minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Yet another example is that T2 is the maximum chip duration supported by the system. The maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0017] For T R2D_max :

[0018] In one implementation, T R2D_max = β2*T1+α; where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, β2 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. For example, T1 is the duration of the information bits for the second message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the IoT device sends a message to the reader). Another example is the duration of the information bits for the first message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the reader sends a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system. This minimum duration can be either the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Finally, T1 can be the maximum duration of the information bits supported by the system. The maximum duration of information bits supported by the system can be the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when a reader or writer sends a message, or the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system can be the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when an IoT device sends a message.

[0019] In one implementation, T R2D_max =β2*2*R*T2+α; where T2 represents the chip duration, R represents the frequency shift factor, β2 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader; or,

[0020] T R2D_max =γ2*T2+α; where T2 represents the chip duration, γ2 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader.

[0021] For β1 above, in one implementation, β1 = (1 - SFO) * M. For β2 above, in one implementation, β1 = (1 + SFO) * M. Wherein, SFO is the sampling frequency offset of the IoT device.

[0022] For example, T2 is the duration of the chip for the second message (which can also be described as the duration of the chip used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader). Another example is that T2 is the duration of the chip for the first message (which can also be described as the duration of the chip used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is that T2 is the minimum chip duration supported by the system. The minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Yet another example is that T2 is the maximum chip duration supported by the system. The maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0023] For example, when the transmission directions of the first message and the second message are opposite, the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader / writer, and the second message is a message sent by the reader / writer to the IoT device.

[0024] Understandably, when the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, the transmission of the first message between the reader and the reader can also be replaced by sending the first message to the reader; the transmission of the second message between the reader and the reader can also be replaced by receiving the second message from the reader.

[0025] For example, when the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, the interval between the first moment and the end moment of the first message is denoted as T. D2R_min Let T be the interval between the second moment and the end moment of the first message. D2R_max .So,

[0026] For T D2R_min :

[0027] In one implementation, T D2R_min=β3*T1; where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, and β3 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. For example, T1 can be the duration of the information bits for the first message (i.e., it can be described as the duration of the information bits used when the IoT device sends a message to the reader). Another example is the duration of the information bits for the second message (i.e., it can be described as the duration of the information bits used when the reader sends a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system. This minimum duration can be either the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Finally, T1 can be the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system. This maximum duration can be either the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0028] In another implementation, T D2R_min = γ3 * T2; where T2 represents the chip duration, and γ3 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. For example, T2 can be the chip duration of the first message (i.e., it can be described as the chip duration used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader). Another example is the chip duration of the second message (i.e., it can be described as the chip duration used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum chip duration supported by the system. The minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or it can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Finally, T2 can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system. The maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the reader / writer sends a message, or the minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0029] For T D2R_max :

[0030] In one implementation, T D2R_max=β4*T1; where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, and β4 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. For example, T1 can be the duration of the information bits for the first message (i.e., the duration of the information bits used when the IoT device sends a message to the reader). Another example is the duration of the information bits for the second message (i.e., the duration of the information bits used when the reader sends a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system. This minimum duration can be either the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Finally, T1 can be the maximum duration of the information bits supported by the system. This maximum duration can be either the maximum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the maximum duration of the information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0031] In another implementation, T D2R_max = γ4 * T2; where T2 represents the chip duration, and γ4 is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. For example, T2 can be the chip duration of the first message (i.e., it can be described as the chip duration used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader). Another example is the chip duration of the second message (i.e., it can be described as the chip duration used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum chip duration supported by the system. The minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or it can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Finally, T2 can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system. The maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader / writer sends a message, or the maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0032] Based on the communication method provided in the first aspect, the first time interval in which the start time of the second message lies is clearly defined. Thus, when the first message is a message sent from the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent from the IoT device to the reader, the IoT device can send the first message to the reader within the defined first time interval so that the first message can be received by the reader. Conversely, when the first message is a message sent from the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent from the reader to the IoT device, the IoT device can detect the message sent by the reader within the defined first time interval to receive the second message sent by the reader.

[0033] Optionally, the interval between the first moment and the end time of the first message is a first value, and / or the interval between the second moment and the end time of the first message is a second value, where the second value is greater than the first value. For example, when the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, the first value (i.e., T) is... D2R_min The values ​​are 2 microseconds / millisecond, 3 microseconds / millisecond, 5 microseconds / millisecond, etc. The second value (i.e., T) D2R_max (e.g., 10 microseconds / milliseconds). Understandably, 2, 3, 5, and 10 here are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation of this application; other values ​​may also be used.

[0034] Optional, T R2D_min and / or T R2D_max and / or T D2R_min and / or T D2R_max and / or T R2D_R2D_min and / or T D2R_D2R_min When the first parameter is determined, and when the first parameter is different, T R2D_min and / or T R2D_max and / or T D2R_min and / or T D2R_max and / or T R2D_R2D_min and / or T D2R_D2R_min The values ​​of T vary. The first parameter includes one or more of the following: the duration of the information bits, the duration of the chip, the frequency shift factor, the coding rate, or the number of repetitions. In other words, T... R2D_min and / or T R2D_max and / or T D2R_min and / or T D2R_max and / or T R2D_R2D_min and / or T D2R_D2R_min There is a corresponding relationship between the value of the first parameter and the value of the second parameter. Once the value of the first parameter is determined, T... R2D_min and / or T R2D_max and / or T D2R_min and / or T D2R_max and / or T R2D_R2D_min and / or T D2R_D2R_min That confirms it.

[0035] For example, different information bit durations correspond to different T values. D2R_min .

[0036] For example, different information bit durations correspond to different T values. D2R_max .

[0037] For example, different chip durations correspond to different T values. D2R_min .

[0038] For example, different chip durations correspond to different T values. D2R_max .

[0039] For example, different frequency shift factors correspond to different T values. D2R_min .

[0040] For example, different frequency shift factors correspond to different T values. D2R_max .

[0041] For example, different numbers of repetitions correspond to different T values. D2R_min .

[0042] For example, different numbers of repetitions correspond to different T values. D2R_max The repetition count can be understood as the number of times the encoded bits are transmitted. These encoded bits may or may not include a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC); there is no limitation here. The repetition count can be the number of block repetitions or the number of bit repetitions; there is no limitation here.

[0043] For example, different coding rates correspond to different T values. D2R_min .

[0044] For example, different coding rates correspond to different T values. D2R_max .

[0045] For example, when the duration of the information bits is 26.67 microseconds, T D2R_min When the duration is 50 microseconds and the information bit duration is 1.38 microseconds, T D2R_min = 20 microseconds.

[0046] For example, when the coding rate is 1, T D2R_min When the encoding time is 10 microseconds and the coding rate is 1 / 3, T D2R_min It takes 50 microseconds.

[0047] For example, when the encoding rate is 1 and the information bit duration is 26.67 microseconds, T D2R_min When the encoding rate is 1 / 3 and the information bit duration is 26.67 microseconds, T is 20 microseconds. D2R_min It takes 50 microseconds.

[0048] The first parameter can also determine multiple parameters simultaneously; for example, different information bit durations correspond to different T values. D2R_min and T R2D_R2D_min For example, different coding rates correspond to different T values. D2R_min and T R2D_R2D_min .

[0049] For example, when the coding rate is 1, T D2R_min For 10 microseconds, T R2D_R2D_min It is 2 microseconds; when the coding rate is 1 / 3, T D2R_min For 50 microseconds, T R2D_R2D_min It takes 5 microseconds.

[0050] For example, when the encoding rate is 1 and the information bit duration is 26.67 microseconds, T D2R_min For 20 microseconds, T R2D_R2D_min The encoding rate is 2 microseconds; when the encoding rate is 1 / 3 and the information bit duration is 26.67 microseconds, T D2R_min For 50 microseconds, T R2D_R2D_min It takes 10 microseconds.

[0051] Understandably, the values ​​of 10 microseconds, 2 microseconds, 50 microseconds, etc., mentioned here are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation of this application. They can also be replaced with other values.

[0052] Secondly, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to a second communication device, such as a reader or a communication module within a reader, or a circuit or chip within the reader responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip). In this application, an IoT device is used as an example for description.

[0053] The communication method includes: transmitting a first message with an IoT device; transmitting a second message with the IoT device, the second message being a message in response to the first message, the first message and the second message being transmitted in opposite directions; wherein the start time of the second message is located within a first time interval, the start time of the first time interval is the first time, and the end time of the first time interval is the second time; the interval between the first time and the end time of the first message and / or the interval between the second time and the end time of the first message is determined based on one or more of the following: the duration of information bits, the duration of a chip, a frequency shift factor, a coding rate, or a number of repetitions.

[0054] For example, when the transmission directions of the first message and the second message are opposite, the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader.

[0055] Understandably, when the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, the transmission of the first message with the IoT device is also replaced by sending the first message to the IoT device; the transmission of the second message with the IoT device can also be replaced by receiving the second message sent from the IoT device.

[0056] For example, when the transmission directions of the first message and the second message are opposite, the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader / writer, and the second message is a message sent by the reader / writer to the IoT device.

[0057] Understandably, when the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, the transmission of the first message between the reader and the reader can also be replaced by receiving the first message from the IoT device; the transmission of the second message between the reader and the IoT device can also be replaced by sending the second message to the IoT device.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the interval T between the first moment and the end moment of the first message R2D_min Satisfy: T R2D_min =β1*T1-α;

[0060] Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the interval T between the first moment and the end moment of the first message R2D_min Satisfy: T R2D_min =β1*2*R*T2-α;

[0062] Where T2 represents the chip duration, and R represents the frequency shift factor; or, T R2D_min =γ1*T2-α;

[0063] Where T2 represents the duration of the chip.

[0064] In one possible implementation, β1 = (1-SFO)*M, where SFO is the sampling frequency offset of the IoT device.

[0065] Optionally, β1 can be predefined by the protocol. Optionally, the reader / writer indicates β1 to the IoT device.

[0066] Optionally, γ1 can be predefined in the protocol. Optionally, the reader indicates γ1 to the IoT device.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the interval T between the second moment and the end moment of the first message R2D_max Satisfy: T R2D_max =β2*T1+α;

[0068] Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the interval T between the second moment and the end moment of the first message R2D_max Satisfy: T R2D_max =β²*2*R*T²+α;

[0070] Where T2 represents the chip duration, and R represents the frequency shift factor; or, T R2D_max =γ2*T2+α;

[0071] Where T2 represents the duration of the chip.

[0072] In one possible implementation, β2 = (1 + SFO) * M, where SFO is the sampling frequency offset of the IoT device.

[0073] Optionally, β2 can be predefined in the protocol. Optionally, the reader indicates β2 to the IoT device.

[0074] Optionally, γ2 can be predefined in the protocol. Optionally, the reader indicates γ2 to the IoT device.

[0075] Optionally, α can be predefined in the protocol. Optionally, the reader / writer indicates α to the IoT device.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device.

[0077] In the case where the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the interval T between the first moment and the end moment of the first message D2R_min Satisfy: T D2R_min =β3*T1;

[0079] Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits; or,

[0080] The interval T between the first moment and the end moment of the first messageD2R_min Satisfy: T D2R_min =γ3*T2;

[0081] T2 represents the duration of the chip.

[0082] Optionally, β3 can be predefined in the protocol. Optionally, the reader indicates β3 to the IoT device.

[0083] Optionally, γ3 can be predefined in the protocol. Optionally, the reader indicates γ3 to the IoT device.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the interval T between the second time point and the end time of the first message... D2R_max Satisfy: T D2R_max =β4*T1;

[0085] Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits; or,

[0086] The interval T between the second moment and the end time of the first message D2R_max Satisfy: T D2R_max =γ4*T2

[0087] Where T2 represents the duration of the chip.

[0088] Optionally, β4 can be predefined by the protocol. Optionally, the reader indicates β4 to the IoT device.

[0089] Optionally, γ4 can be predefined by the protocol. Optionally, the reader indicates γ4 to the IoT device.

[0090] Based on the communication method provided in the second aspect, the first time interval in which the start time of the second message lies is clearly defined. Thus, when the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, the reader can detect the second message sent by the IoT device within the defined first time interval to receive the second message sent by the IoT device. Conversely, when the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, the reader can send the first message to the IoT device within the defined first time interval so that the first message can be received by the reader.

[0091] Thirdly, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to a first communication device, such as an IoT device or a communication module within an IoT device, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip) responsible for communication functions within an IoT device. In this application, an IoT device is used as an example for description.

[0092] The communication method includes: receiving a first index indicated by a reader / writer, wherein first information is used to indicate the first index in a first candidate set, and the first candidate set is used to indicate the correspondence between the values ​​of at least one interval and the index; obtaining the value of each interval in the at least one interval corresponding to the first index from the first candidate set; the at least one interval includes one or more of the following: T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R_min T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R_min ;T R2D_min T is the minimum interval between the start time of an IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving the first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. R2D_max T is the maximum interval between the start time of an IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving the first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. D2R_min T is the minimum interval between the end time of the third message sent by the IoT device and the start time of the fourth message responded by the reader. D2R_max T is the maximum interval between the end time of the third message sent by the IoT device and the start time of the fourth message responded by the reader. R2D_R2D_min T is the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the reader to the IoT device. D2R_D2R_min T is the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by an IoT device to a reader. R2D_R2D_min T is the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the reader to the IoT device. D2R_D2R_min The minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the IoT device to the reader / writer.

[0093] In one possible implementation, at least one interval is T. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_maxT R2D_R2D_min 、 or T D2R_D2R_min one of the.

[0094] In one possible implementation, at least one interval includes T R2D_min and T R2D_max Or, at least one interval includes T. D2R_min and T D2R_max .

[0095] In one possible implementation, at least one interval includes T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max .

[0096] In one possible implementation, the first candidate set is either predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader / writer.

[0097] In the communication method provided in the third aspect, the reader indicates a first index to the IoT device. Correspondingly, the IoT device obtains the value of each interval in at least one interval corresponding to the first index based on the correspondence between the values ​​of at least one interval indicated by the first candidate set and the index. Thus, the reader transmits a message based on the value corresponding to the index, so that the message sent by the reader can be received by the IoT device or the information sent by the IoT device can be received by the reader, thereby ensuring the communication quality between the IoT device and the reader.

[0098] Fourthly, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to a second communication device, such as a reader or a communication module within a reader, or a circuit or chip within the reader responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip). In this application, an IoT device is used as an example for description.

[0099] The communication method includes: sending first information to an IoT device, the first information indicating a first index in a first candidate set, the first candidate set indicating the correspondence between the values ​​of at least one interval and the index; the at least one interval includes one or more of the following: T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R_min ;

[0100] T R2D_minT is the minimum interval between the start time of an IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving the first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. R2D_max T is the maximum interval between the start time of an IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving the first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. D2R_min T is the minimum interval between the end time of the third message sent by the IoT device and the start time of the fourth message responded by the reader. D2R_max T is the maximum interval between the end time of the third message sent by the IoT device and the start time of the fourth message responded by the reader. R2D_R2D_min T is the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the reader to the IoT device. D2R_D2R_min The minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the IoT device to the reader / writer.

[0101] In one possible implementation, at least one interval is T. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max T R2D_R2D_min 、 or T D2R_D2R_min one of the.

[0102] In one possible implementation, at least one interval includes T R2D_min and T R2D_max Or, at least one interval includes T. D2R_min and T D2R_max .

[0103] In one possible implementation, at least one interval includes T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max .

[0104] In one possible implementation, the first candidate set is predefined or, the method further includes: indicating the first candidate set to the IoT device.

[0105] Fifthly, this application provides a communication apparatus capable of implementing any of the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementation thereof. The apparatus includes corresponding modules for performing the described methods. These modules can be implemented in software and / or hardware.

[0106] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a communication device including a processor that can be used to execute a computer program in a memory to implement the methods described in the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementations of the first to fourth aspects.

[0107] Optionally, the device further includes a communication interface, to which the processor is coupled. The communication interface is used to receive signals from other communication devices outside the device and transmit them to the processor, or to send signals from the processor to other communication devices outside the device. Exemplarily, the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface.

[0108] Optionally, the device further includes a memory, to which the processor is coupled. The memory stores program instructions and data. The memory is coupled to the processor, which, when executing the instructions stored in the memory, can implement the methods described in the preceding aspects.

[0109] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to receive signals from other communication devices besides the communication device and transmit them to the processor, or to send signals from the processor to other communication devices besides the communication device. The processor implements the methods described in the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementations of the first to fourth aspects through logic circuits or executing code instructions. Exemplarily, the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface.

[0110] Optionally, the apparatus further includes a memory for storing instructions and data. The memory may be coupled to the processor, which, when executing the instructions stored in the memory, implements the methods described in the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementation thereof.

[0111] Eighthly, this application provides a communication device including a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store instructions and data, wherein when the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory, it can implement the methods described in the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementation of the first to fourth aspects.

[0112] Optionally, the device further includes a communication interface for communicating with other communication devices. For example, the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface.

[0113] Ninthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement the methods described in the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementations of the first to fourth aspects.

[0114] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a chip system including at least one processor for supporting the implementation of the functions involved in the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementation of the first to fourth aspects, such as receiving or processing data involved in the above methods.

[0115] In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and data, which may be located within or outside the processor.

[0116] The chip system can consist of chips or include chips and other discrete components.

[0117] In one aspect, this application provides a computer program product including instructions that, when executed, implement the methods described in the first to fourth aspects and any possible implementations of the first to fourth aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0118] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0119] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system based on a split architecture applicable to embodiments of this application;

[0120] Figure 3 is a diagram showing the network element function division and protocol layer structure of an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN) device;

[0121] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a network device chip architecture provided in this application;

[0122] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of multiple chips corresponding to information bits;

[0123] Figure 6 illustrates the system architecture between IoT devices and base stations;

[0124] Figure 7 shows T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max A schematic diagram;

[0125] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0126] Figure 9 shows TD2R_max A schematic diagram;

[0127] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0128] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of data transmission provided in this application;

[0129] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0130] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0131] First, the communication systems to which the embodiments of this application can be applied are introduced.

[0132] Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. It is understood that the system architecture described in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0133] As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 10 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay equipment and / or wireless backhaul equipment (not shown in Figure 1). Terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to RAN node 110. RAN node 110 is wirelessly or wired connected to core network 200. The core network equipment in core network 200 and RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions.

[0134] RAN 100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4G, 5G mobile communication systems, or future-oriented evolution systems. RAN 100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. RAN 100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0135] RAN node 110, sometimes also referred to as access network equipment, RAN entity, or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are relative. For example, network element 120i in Figure 1 can be a helicopter or drone, which can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j accessing RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; but for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes both referred to as communication devices. For example, network elements 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, and network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0136] In one possible scenario, the RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system. The RAN node can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), a micro base station or indoor station (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), a relay node or donor node, or a radio controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). All or part of the functions of the RAN node in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The RAN node can also be equipped with communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform corresponding communication functions. The RAN node can also be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions, as well as corresponding program instructions. The RAN node in this application can also be a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the RAN node's functions.

[0137] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with each RAN node performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be separate entities or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0138] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0139] A terminal can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. A terminal can also be called a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, transportation vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, communication modules, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal. A terminal typically contains a communication module, circuit, or chip that performs the corresponding communication function. The terminal can also be configured with program instructions for performing the corresponding communication function.

[0140] Referring to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a communication system based on a split architecture applicable to embodiments of this application, as shown in Figure 2, the access network device communicates with the core network (CN) device via a backhaul link and with the terminal via an air interface. Specifically, the BBU in the access network device communicates with the core network device via the backhaul link; the RU in the access network device communicates with the terminal via an air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link (FH), and the BBU and RU may or may not be co-located. The BU may include at least one CU and at least one DU, and the CU and DU can communicate with each other via a midhaul link.

[0141] Referring to Figure 3, which is a diagram showing the network element function division and protocol layer structure of an O-RAN device, the access network device can be divided into CU, DU, and RU.

[0142] In some examples, the CU is a logical node carrying the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network equipment. The CU connects to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as E2 interfaces. Optionally, the CU may have some core network functions. The CU (e.g., PDCP layer and higher layers) connects to the DU (e.g., RLC layer and lower layers) through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as F1 interfaces. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., F1 interfaces) can provide Control Plane (C-Plane) and User Plane (U-Plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). F1AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, defining the F1 signaling procedures in some examples. The F1 interface supports Control Plane F1-C and User Plane F1-U.

[0143] In some examples, the CU can be split into CU-CP (control unit-control plane) and CU-UP (control unit-user plane). CU-CP is a logical node carrying the RRC layer and PDCP-C (control plane part of PDCP) layer, used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements in the core network can be access and mobility function (AMF) network elements, such as the access and mobility management function (AMF) in a 5G system. The AMF network element is responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as terminal device location updates, terminal device registration with the network, and terminal device handover. CU-UP is a logical node carrying the SDAP layer and PDCP-U (user plane part of PDCP) layer, used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. These network elements in the core network, such as the UPF (user plane function) in a 5G system, are responsible for data forwarding and receiving in terminal devices. The above CU and DU configurations are merely examples; the functions of the CU and DU can be configured as needed. For instance, the CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or only some protocol layer processing functions. For example, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Furthermore, the functions of the CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements, such as by latency. Functions that require low latency can be placed in the DU, while functions that do not require low latency can be placed in the CU.

[0144] In some examples, a DU is a logical node that carries the radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, higher physical layer (PHY) layer, and other functions. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which can be fronthaul interfaces.

[0145] In some examples, the CU may not have a PDCP layer, i.e., it only includes the RRC layer. CU-CP does not have PDCP-C. CU-UP may not have PDCP-U, or may not have CU-UP at all. In some examples, the DU may not have an RLC layer, only a MAC and a higher PHY layer. Furthermore, in some examples, it may not have a CU and may only include the DU.

[0146] In some examples, the Higher PHY layer includes parts of the PHY layer that handle processes such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation.

[0147] In some examples, the RU is a logical node that carries both lower physical layer (PHY) and radio frequency (RF) processing. In some examples, the RU can be a 3GPP transmission reception point (TRP), a remote radio head (RRH), or other similar entities. In some examples, the Low-PHY includes PHY processing functions such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more UEs via a radio link.

[0148] The DU and RU can be co-located or not. The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a lower-layer split-control, user, and synchronization (LLS-CUS) interface through a fronthaul link. LLS-CUS may include LLS-C and LLS-U interfaces that provide the control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane), respectively. In some examples, the control plane (C-Plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU.

[0149] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0150] Referring to Figure 4, which illustrates a schematic diagram of a RAN device chip architecture, the chip is divided into a CU, DU, and RU. The CU is a platform that performs layer 2 (L2) and layer 3 (L3) functions; the midhaul and backhaul interfaces carry traffic between the CU and DU, and between the CU and the core network; the DU performs layer 1 (L1) and some L2 functions; the RU performs L1 computation and radio frequency (RF) digital functions; the fronthaul and backhaul interfaces carry traffic between the RU and DU, and between the CU and DU; the RU is connected to an antenna, which can be used to transmit and receive RF signals. An integrated DU includes the functions of both the DU and RU.

[0151] The CU / DU hardware includes a chassis platform, motherboard, peripherals, and cooling system. The motherboard contains processing units, memory, internal input / output (I / O) interfaces, and external connection ports. Its hardware accelerators are designed with interfaces, and hardware functional components include: storage for software, hardware, and system debugging interfaces, and a single-board management controller.

[0152] DU systems are typically implemented using multi-core processors and one or more hardware accelerators. Parts of the DU protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the multi-core processor, while computationally intensive L1 and L2 functions can be offloaded to FPGA / GPU-based hardware accelerators or other accelerators; or all L1 functions can be offloaded to FPGA / GPU-based hardware accelerators or other accelerators, while other protocol stack content is implemented in software running on the processor; or the entire protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the processor. Hardware accelerators support interconnection with x86 or non-x86 processors. Similarly, accelerators have a multi-channel peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) interface pointing to the central processing unit (CPU) and external connections via GbE (Gigabit Ethernet).

[0153] The RU comprises three parts: the RAN FH processing unit, the digital processing unit (DPU), and the RF processing unit. Taking O-RAN as an example, the RAN FH processing unit of the O-RU can be an O-RAN processing unit (OPU). The OPU receives Enhanced Common Public Radio Interface (eCPRI) frames from the O-RAN fronthaul and performs fronthaul interface processing, the lowest level L1 (coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding), synchronization, beamforming, and resource unit mapping. The OPU can be implemented as a CPU, FPGA, or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0154] The DPU performs synchronization, digital downconversion (DDC) (digital downconversion in the uplink (UL)), digital upconversion (DUC) (digital upconversion in the downlink (DL)), crest factor reduction (CFR), and digital pre-distortion (DPD) to improve power amplifier efficiency by reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PARP) / adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the RF front end. The DPU can be implemented as an FPGA or ASIC. The RF processing unit of the O-RU includes a transceiver module, up / down converters, power amplifiers (PA), low noise amplifiers (LNA), and transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) filters. All conversions between the analog and digital domains (digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and analog-to-digital converter (ADC)) (e.g., frequency conversion using RF sampling, mixing of RF, intermediate frequency (IF), and local oscillator (LO) during up-conversion and down-conversion) are performed within the transceiver module. It should be noted that physical and logical partitions within the RF processing unit do not require specific boundaries.

[0155] To better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, some concepts used in the embodiments of this application will be introduced first.

[0156] 1. Bandwidth

[0157] Bandwidth typically refers to the frequency range of a signal, or the width of frequencies that are allowed to pass through. For example, bandwidth can be 15 kilohertz (kHz) or 30 kHz.

[0158] 2. Frequency Division Multiple Access

[0159] Frequency division multiple access (FDMA) is a widely used multiple access technology in the field of wireless communication. This technology divides the available spectrum resources into multiple orthogonal channels according to frequency, allowing each user to occupy one channel. In other words, FDMA is a technology that enables multiple users to share the same frequency domain resources.

[0160] 3. Duration of information bits

[0161] The duration of an information bit, also known as its length, can be understood as the duration of the information bit's transmission or the transmission duration. The transmission duration of an information bit is determined by the bandwidth and does not change due to small frequency shifts affecting the center frequency.

[0162] 4. Chip and Chip Length

[0163] A chip is the smallest unit used in spread spectrum technology to extend the original data. One information bit is usually encoded by multiple coded signals, and one of these coded signals is called a chip.

[0164] Considering the low cost and low power consumption design of IoT devices, IoT devices typically use Manchester encoding to send information bits. Correspondingly, the receiving end decodes the sent information bits by detecting the rising and falling edges.

[0165] For example, Figure 5 illustrates multiple chips corresponding to one information bit when R equals 1 and R equals 4. As shown in Figure 5, when R equals 1, information bit 0 and information bit 1 are encoded into 2 chips, with information bit 0 encoded as 10 and information bit 1 encoded as 01. When R equals 4, information bit 0 and information bit 1 are encoded into 8 chips, with information bit 0 encoded as 10101010 and information bit 1 encoded as 01010101. Here, R represents the frequency shift factor. IoT devices can achieve small-range frequency domain shifts through different R values, thereby enabling FDMA transmission.

[0166] Chip duration (also known as chip length) refers to the duration or transmission time of a chip. Understandably, bit-length = 2 * R * chip-length, where bit-length represents the length of the information bits, R represents the number of encoding repetitions, and chip-length represents the chip length.

[0167] For example, take Figure 5 as an example. As shown in Figure 5, the duration of one information bit of an IoT device is T1. Then, if R equals 1, the length of one chip is T1 / 2, and if R equals 4, the length of one chip is T1 / 8.

[0168] 5. Encoding rate

[0169] Encoding rate refers to the proportion of useful information in the encoded data stream during data transmission or storage. It is also known as encoding efficiency or encoding rate. For example, if the encoding rate is 1 / 3, then 1 bit will be encoded into 3 bits.

[0170] With the development of wireless networks and the evolution of business needs, IoT technology has emerged. IoT is based on cellular mobile communication infrastructure, and its main services include, but are not limited to, inventory management, positioning, and sensing. Typical application scenarios include logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identity recognition, and environmental monitoring. To meet ultra-low power consumption requirements, IoT terminals (often referred to as IoT devices) can use low-precision, low-power mid-to-low frequency ring oscillators or receive downlink signals without a local oscillator. This receiving method further reduces the power consumption of the terminal's downlink reception.

[0171] IoT devices can also be described as either devices or tags. For example, IoT devices include the following two types:

[0172] The first type has a peak power consumption level of approximately 1 microwatt (μW), has energy storage, no uplink or downlink amplifiers, and uplink transmission is based on reflection transmission using an externally provided carrier.

[0173] The second type: peak power consumption level is less than or equal to several hundred μW, with energy storage, uplink amplifier and / or downlink amplifier, uplink transmission is based on internally generated carrier, or uplink transmission is based on externally provided carrier for reverse reflection transmission.

[0174] Typically, the device that communicates with IoT devices is also called a reader. A reader can be a handheld or fixed device that reads information from tags (and sometimes writes information to tags). This application does not limit the form of the reader. For example, the reader can be a terminal, a network device, or a device with read / write capabilities. Exemplarily, Figure 6 illustrates the system architecture between an IoT device and a base station. As shown in Figure 6(a), the reader is the base station, and the IoT device can communicate directly with the base station. As shown in Figure 6(b), the IoT device can communicate with the base station through an intermediate node. The intermediate node can be a network device or a terminal.

[0175] The messages sent by the reader to the IoT device are also called R2D messages. The messages sent by the IoT device to the reader are also called D2R messages. When IoT devices communicate with readers, ensuring that the messages sent by the reader can be received by the IoT device or the information sent by the IoT device can be received by the reader has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0176] Currently, T has been introduced. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max Below, regarding T... R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max Introducing the topic:

[0177] T R2D_min This represents the shortest interval between an R2D transmission and a subsequent corresponding D2R transmission. Alternatively, it can be understood as the shortest interval between a downlink transmission and a subsequent corresponding uplink transmission. Or, it can be understood as the earliest time an IoT device can send a subsequent corresponding D2R message after receiving an R2D message, where the interval between time 1 and the end time of the R2D message is T. R2D_min .

[0178] T R2D_max This represents the maximum time interval between an R2D transmission and a subsequent corresponding D2R transmission. Alternatively, it can be understood as the maximum time interval between a downlink transmission and a subsequent corresponding uplink transmission. Or, it can be understood as the IoT device sending the subsequent corresponding D2R message no later than time 2 after receiving the R2D message, where the interval between time 2 and the end time of the R2D message is T. R2D_max .

[0179] For ease of understanding, Figure 7(a) shows T R2D_min and T R2D_max The diagram illustrates this. Understandably, the reader can detect signals from IoT devices between time 1 and time 2, thereby receiving D2R messages sent by the IoT devices.

[0180] T D2R_min This represents the shortest interval between a D2R transmission and the subsequent corresponding R2D transmission. Alternatively, it can be understood as the shortest interval between an uplink transmission and the subsequent corresponding downlink transmission. Or, it can be understood as the reader sending the subsequent corresponding R2D message at the earliest at time 3 after receiving the D2R message, with the interval between time 3 and the end time of the D2R message being T. D2R_min .

[0181] T D2R_maxThis represents the maximum time interval between a D2R transmission and the subsequent corresponding R2D transmission. In other words, it can be understood as the minimum time interval between an uplink transmission and the subsequent corresponding downlink transmission. Alternatively, it can be understood as the reader sending the subsequent corresponding R2D message no later than time 4 after receiving the D2R message, where the interval between time 4 and the end of the D2R message is T. D2R_max .

[0182] For ease of understanding, Figure 7(b) shows T D2R_min and T D2R_max The diagram illustrates this. Understandably, after sending a D2R message, the IoT device can detect the R2D signal between time 3 and time 4, thus enabling it to receive the R2D message sent by the reader.

[0183] However, currently for T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max The specific value selection method was not provided. Understandably, if T... R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max If the value is unclear, it may lead to a problem where the reader and IoT device cannot receive information from each other, thus affecting the communication quality.

[0184] For example, if T R2D_min If the value is unclear or incorrect, a D2R message may occur in T. R2D_min Previously sent, and the reader / writer from T R2D_min If D2R messages are only started being received afterward, the reader / writer may miss receiving them. For example, if T... R2D_max If the value is unclear or incorrect, the reader may need to wait for the D2R message indefinitely.

[0185] In view of this, this application provides a communication method and a communication device that enable the information sent by the reader to be received by the IoT device or the information sent by the IoT device to be received by the reader, thereby ensuring the communication quality between the IoT device and the reader.

[0186] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that this application uses IoT devices and readers as examples to illustrate the interaction, but this application does not limit the entities that can be used to illustrate the interaction.

[0187] Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 800 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the various steps in method 800 will be described in detail below.

[0188] S810, the first message is transmitted between IoT devices and the reader / writer.

[0189] S820, the IoT device and the reader transmit a second message, which is a message in response to the first message. The transmission directions of the first message and the second message are opposite. The start time of the second message is located within a first time interval, the start time of the first time interval is the first time, and the end time of the first time interval is the second time. The interval between the first time and the end time of the first message and / or the interval between the second time and the end time of the first message are determined based on one or more of the following: the duration of the information bit, the duration of the chip, the frequency shift factor, the coding rate, or the number of repetitions.

[0190] In this application, the interval between the first time point and the end time of the first message is also referred to as the first interval. The interval between the second time point and the end time of the first message is also referred to as the second interval.

[0191] In the first scenario, the first message is sent from the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is sent from the IoT device to the reader. That is, the first message is an R2D message, and the second message is a D2R message. This application does not limit the specific content of the first message when it is an R2D message. For example, the first message could be a message sent from the reader to the IoT device after the IoT device has successfully connected randomly. Another example is that the first message could be message 2 (Msg2) sent from the reader to the IoT device, where Msg2 is the reader's response to message 1 (Msg1) received from the IoT device, and Msg1 carries the random identifier (random ID) of the IoT device.

[0192] In this application, the first interval when the first message is an R2D message and the second message is a D2R message is denoted as T. R2D_min The second interval is denoted as T. R2D_max .

[0193] Understandably, when the first message is an R2D message and the second message is a D2R message, T R2D_min and T R2D_max_ The main purpose of this definition is to consider the time required for an IoT device to go from processing the received R2D message to preparing to send a D2R message. This processing capability can be related to the duration of the information bit (also known as bit-length). T1 represents the duration of the information bit (i.e., bit-length).

[0194] The following explains how an IoT device determines the first interval T when the first message is an R2D message and the second message is a D2R message. R2D_min Second interval T R2D_max The implementation method.

[0195] The first implementation scheme: T is determined using bit-length as the time unit. R2D_min and / or T R2D_max T R2D_min =β1*T1-α; T R2D_max =β2*T1+α

[0196] Here, T1 represents the duration of the information bits. For example, T1 can be the duration of the information bits for the second message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the IoT device sends a message to the reader). Another example is the duration of the information bits for the first message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the reader sends a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system. This minimum duration can be either the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Similarly, T1 can be the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system. This maximum duration can be either the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0197] α can be understood as a reserved time, measured in microseconds (µs). α can be predefined by the protocol, or the reader can indicate α to the IoT device. The reader indication can be dynamic or pre-configured. Dynamic indication can be via downlink control information (DCI), while pre-configured indication can be via radio resource control (RRC). In one implementation, the reader can indicate the specific value of α. In another implementation, a series of candidate values ​​for α can be predefined or pre-configured, and the reader indicates the index of α within that series of candidate values. In one example, α equals 0.

[0198] β1 and β2 are either predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. The reader indication can be dynamically indicated or indicated through pre-configuration.

[0199] When β1 and β2 need to be indicated to the IoT device via a reader, there are different ways to implement this indication. For example, in one implementation, the reader can indicate both β1 and β2 simultaneously through a single field. Alternatively, the reader can indicate β1 and β2 separately through two fields. Another example is that, in one implementation, the indication of β1 and β2 can be the specific values ​​of β1 and β2. In another implementation, a series of candidate values ​​can be predefined or preconfigured, and the reader can then indicate the index of β1 and the index of β2 within that series of candidate values.

[0200] As mentioned above, T R2D_min and T R2D_max_ The main purpose of this definition is to consider the time required for an IoT device to go from processing the received R2D message to preparing to send a D2R message. For example, this processing capability can be represented by M*T1, where M is a positive integer. Furthermore, it's understandable that IoT devices typically determine time by counting sampling points. If the sampling frequency is off, it means the sampling interval is off, and therefore the determined time will also be off. For example, if an IoT device times at a sampling frequency of 1kHz, timing 1 second can be determined by counting 1000 sampling points, but if the sampling clock frequency offset (SFO) is equal to 10... 5 ppm (parts per million), meaning SFO equals 0.1, then a 1kHz sampling frequency is actually 1.1kHz, and the actual time for 1000 sampling points is 1.1s. Similarly, if SFO = -105ppm, then the actual time for 1000 sampling points is 0.9s. Therefore, T R2D_min and T R2D_max It may also be related to SFO. That is: T R2D_min It can be equal to (1-SFO)*M*T1-α, and T R2D_max It can be equal to (1+SFO)*M*T1+α. Therefore, in one implementation, β1 can be (1-SFO)*M, and β2 can be (1+SFO)*M.

[0201] In this application, when β1 is (1-SFO)*M and β2 is (1+SFO)*M, the reader / writer, when indicating β1 and β2: In one implementation, the reader / writer can indicate SFO and M. Correspondingly, the IoT device determines β1 and β2 based on the SFO and M indicated by the reader / writer, and then determines T. R2D_min and T R2D_maxSimilarly, the reader can indicate both SFO and M through a single field, or it can indicate SFO and M separately through two fields. For example, the indication could be the specific values ​​of SFO and M, or the corresponding indices. In another implementation, SFO doesn't need to be indicated; it can default to the maximum value acceptable to the system, i.e., SFO can be SFOmax, while M can be flexibly indicated. Correspondingly, the IoT device determines β1 using (1-SFO)*M and β2 using (1+SFO)*M.

[0202] The second implementation scheme: Determine T using chip length as the time unit. R2D_min and / or T R2D_max :

[0203] Implementation method 1): T R2D_min =β1*2*R*T2-α; T R2D_max =β2*2*R*T2+α

[0204] Where T2 represents the chip duration, and R represents the frequency shift factor. In this application, R equals T1 / 2T2. For example, T2 is the chip duration of the second message (which can also be described as the chip duration used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader). Another example is the chip duration of the first message (which can also be described as the chip duration used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum chip duration supported by the system. The minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or it can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Yet another example is the maximum chip duration supported by the system. The maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when a reader / writer sends a message, or the maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when an IoT device sends a message.

[0205] α can be understood as a reserved time, in units such as microseconds (µs). α is predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. The implementation method for how the reader indicates α can be described in the first implementation method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0206] β1 and β2 are either predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. Similarly, β1 can be (1-SFO)*M, and β2 can be (1+SFO)*M. The implementation details of how the reader indicates β1 and β2 can be found in the description of the first implementation method, and will not be repeated here.

[0207] Implementation method 2): TR2D_min =γ1*T2-α; T R2D_max =γ2*T2+α;

[0208] Here, T2 represents the duration of the chip. The content of T2 can be referred to the description in implementation method 1) of the second implementation scheme above, and will not be repeated here.

[0209] The meaning of α can be found in the description above, and will not be repeated here.

[0210] γ1 is either predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. Reader indication can be dynamic or pre-configured. Dynamic indication could be via DCI, while pre-configured indication could be via RRC.

[0211] When γ1 and γ2 need to be indicated by the reader / writer, there are different ways to implement this indication. For example, in one implementation, the reader / writer can indicate both γ1 and γ2 simultaneously through a single field. Alternatively, the reader / writer can indicate γ1 and γ2 separately through two fields. For instance, in indicating γ1 and γ2, in one implementation, the indication can be the specific values ​​of γ1 and γ2. In another implementation, the correspondence between candidate values ​​of γ1 and their indices, and the correspondence between candidate values ​​of γ2 and their indices, can be predefined or preconfigured, and the reader / writer indicates the indexes of γ1 and γ2 accordingly. In yet another implementation, the correspondence between candidate values ​​of γ1 and γ2 and their indices is predefined or preconfigured, and the reader / writer indicates the specific values ​​of γ1 and γ2 simultaneously by indicating one index.

[0212] Optional, γ1=β1*2*R, γ2=β2*2*R.

[0213] Based on either the first or second implementation method described above, the IoT device will send D2R messages starting at a time located in [T]. R2D_min T R2D_max When [T] is within, the corresponding reader / writer is in [T] R2D_min T R2D_max The internal detection of D2R messages ensures that D2R messages sent by IoT devices are received by the reader.

[0214] In the second scenario, the first message is a message sent from the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent from the reader to the IoT device; that is, the first message is a D2R message, and the second message is an R2D message. In this application, the first interval when the first message is a D2R message and the second message is an R2D message is denoted as T. D2R_min The second interval is denoted as T. D2R_max .

[0215] Understandable, T D2R_min The main consideration is the processing time from when the IoT device finishes sending the D2R message to when the IoT device is ready to receive the R2D message. D2R_min Its main function is to prevent the reader from sending R2D messages before this point, otherwise the IoT device will not be able to receive them. Therefore, T D2R_min The timing can be determined by the reader / writer, and SFO can be disregarded.

[0216] The following explains how an IoT device determines the first interval T when the first message is a D2R message and the second message is an R2D message. D2R_min Second interval T D2R_max The implementation plan.

[0217] The first implementation scheme: T is determined using bit-length as the time unit. D2R_min and / or T D2R_max T D2R_min =β3*T1; T D2R_max =β4*T1;

[0218] Here, T1 represents the duration of the information bits. For example, T1 can be the duration of the information bits for the first message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the IoT device sends a message to the reader). Another example is the duration of the information bits for the second message (which can also be described as the duration of the information bits used when the reader sends a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system. This minimum duration can be either the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Similarly, T1 can be the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system. This maximum duration can be either the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0219] β3 and β4 are either predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader. The reader indication can be dynamic or pre-configured. Dynamic indication can be, for example, through DCI, while pre-configured indication can be, for example, through RRC.

[0220] When β3 and β4 need to be indicated by the reader / writer, there are different ways to indicate β3 and β4. For example, in one implementation, the reader / writer can indicate both β3 and β4 simultaneously through a single field. Alternatively, the reader / writer can indicate β3 and β4 separately through two fields. Another example is that when indicating β3 and β4, one implementation can indicate the specific values ​​of γ1 and γ2. In another implementation, the correspondence between candidate values ​​and indices for β3 and β4 can be predefined or preconfigured, and the reader / writer indicates the indices for β3 and β4 accordingly. Yet another implementation can predefine or preconfigure the correspondence between candidate values ​​for β3 and β4 and their corresponding indices, and the reader / writer indicates both the values ​​of β3 and β4 simultaneously by indicating one index.

[0221] The second implementation scheme: Determine T using chip length as the time unit. D2R_min and / or T D2R_max T D2R_min =γ3*T2; T D2R_max =γ4*T2;

[0222] Where T2 represents the chip duration. For example, T2 is the chip duration of the first message (which can also be described as the chip duration used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader). Another example is the chip duration of the second message (which can also be described as the chip duration used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device). Yet another example is the minimum chip duration supported by the system. The minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message. Yet another example is the maximum chip duration supported by the system. The maximum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message, or the minimum chip duration supported by the system can be the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

[0223] γ3 and / or γ4 are predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader / writer. The reader / writer indication can be dynamic or pre-configured. Dynamic indication can be, for example, via DCI, while pre-configured indication can be, for example, via RRC.

[0224] When γ3 and γ4 need to be indicated by the reader / writer, there are different ways to indicate γ3 and γ4. For example, in one implementation, the reader / writer can indicate both γ3 and γ4 simultaneously through a single field. Alternatively, the reader / writer can indicate γ3 and γ4 separately through two fields. Another example is that when indicating γ3 and γ4, one implementation can indicate the specific values ​​of γ3 and γ4. In another implementation, the correspondence between candidate values ​​and indices for γ3 and γ4 can be predefined or preconfigured, and the reader / writer indicates the indexes for γ3 and γ4 respectively. Yet another implementation can predefine or preconfigure the correspondence between candidate values ​​for γ3 and γ4 and their corresponding indices, and the reader / writer indicates both the value of γ3 and γ4 simultaneously by indicating one index.

[0225] Optionally, γ3 = β3 * 2 * R, γ4 = β4 * 2 * R. R represents the frequency shift factor. The specific meanings of β3, β4, and R can be found in the descriptions in the previous embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0226] Understandably, the following situation may also occur: R2D may not respond to D2R in time, and may respond to other D2Rs first. If T is still followed in the aforementioned embodiment at this time... D2R_max =β4*T1 or T D2R_max T is determined by the method =γ4*T2 D2R_max Then it is possible that IoT devices may not be able to [T] D2R_min ,T D2R_max The device receives its own R2D message. For example, as shown in Figure 9, there are a total of 6 time-frequency resources for sending D2R messages. Multiple users can choose different time-frequency resources to send D2R messages to the reader. In this case, the following situation may occur: the reader responds to the D2R message sent by IoT device #1 later because it responded to the D2R message sent by other IoT devices first. In this case, IoT device #1 may not receive its own R2D message.

[0227] Therefore, in another implementation, for T D2R_max This can be considered as the time interval between the first time-domain random access opportunity (which can also be understood as the initial time-domain resource) used to send D2R messages and the last R2D message. Understandably, the number of R2D messages is related to the number of time-domain resources (X) and frequency-domain resources (Y) of D2R messages, and the maximum number of R2D messages is X*Y.

[0228] In one implementation, It satisfies the following formula (1):

[0229] Where T3 represents the duration of the D2R message and T4 represents the duration of the R2D message. interval3 is the interval between the end time of the earlier time domain resource and the start time of the later time domain resource among the X time domain resources. interval2 is the interval between the last time domain resource and the start time of the first R2D message among the X time domain resources. interval1 is the interval between the end time of the earlier R2D message and the start time of the later R2D message among two adjacent R2D messages.

[0230] IoT devices can determine X and Y, T3 and interval3 using existing scheduling information. However, T4, interval1, and interval2 need to be determined.

[0231] IoT devices can obtain T4, interval1, and interval2 in different ways. For example, T4 can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol. Similarly, interval1 and interval2 can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol. Reader indication can be either dynamically provided by the reader to the IoT device or pre-configured by the reader to the IoT device.

[0232] Optionally, interval1 can be defined as b times T4, i.e., interval1 = b * T4. Then, (X * Y - 1) * (T4 + interval1) in formula (1) can be equivalent to (X * Y - 1) * (1 + b) * T4. We can also set B = (X * Y - 1) * (1 + b). Alternatively, we can set (X - 1) * (T3 + interval3) = A * T3 in formula one. Further, formula one can be simplified to the following formula (2).

[0233] When determined based on formula (2) When IoT devices need to obtain T4, A, and B, there can be different ways to achieve this. The method for obtaining T4 can be found in the description above and will not be repeated here.

[0234] For example, A can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol. B can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol. Here, the reader indication is, for example, a dynamic indication from the reader to the IoT device or a pre-configuration to the IoT device.

[0235] Alternatively, formula (2) can be simplified to the following formula (3):

[0236] When determined based on formula (3) In this case, IoT devices need to obtain C. C can be implemented in different ways. For example, C can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol.

[0237] Alternatively, formula (2) can be simplified to the following formula (4):

[0238] T6 represents the duration of the chip used by the IoT device when sending a message.

[0239] When determined based on formula (4) In this case, IoT devices need to obtain D. There are different ways for IoT devices to obtain D. For example, D can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol.

[0240] Alternatively, formula (2) can be simplified to formula (5) as follows:

[0241] T5 represents the duration of the chip used by the reader when sending a message.

[0242] When determined based on formula (5) At this time, the IoT device needs to obtain E. For example, E can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol. T5 can, for example, be obtained by the IoT device by receiving R2D messages from the reader.

[0243] Alternatively, formula (2) can be simplified to the following formula (6):

[0244] When determined based on formula (6) At this time, IoT devices need to obtain F and G. F and G can be implemented in different ways.

[0245] For example, F can be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol. G can also be indicated by the reader or predefined by the protocol. Here, the reader indication is, for example, dynamically indicated by the reader to the IoT device or pre-configured by the reader to the IoT device.

[0246] The above explains how IoT devices determine T. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max One or more of the following implementation schemes.

[0247] Optionally, as another implementation, the interval between the first moment and the end moment of the first message can also be a first value, and / or the interval between the second moment and the end moment of the first message can also be a second value, the second value being greater than the first value.

[0248] For example, when the first message is a message sent from the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent from the reader to the IoT device, the first value (i.e., T) D2R_min The values ​​are 2 microseconds / millisecond and 3 microseconds / millisecond. The second value (i.e., T) D2R_max (e.g., 10 microseconds / milliseconds). Understandably, 2, 3, and 10 here are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation of this application; they can also be replaced with other values.

[0249] Optionally, the interval between the second time point and the end time point of the first message may not be defined. Understandably, in the scenario where the first message is a message sent from the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent from the reader to the IoT device, T can also be considered as... D2R_max It can be infinitely large.

[0250] Additionally, it is understandable that there may be scenarios where the reader sends two consecutive messages to the IoT device. In this application, the minimum interval between two consecutive messages sent by the reader to the IoT device (i.e., the minimum interval between the end time of the first message and the start time of the second message) is denoted as T. R2D_R2D_min This application addresses whether or not T is defined. R2D_R2D_min The specific value of T is not restricted. For example, T can be left undefined. R2D_R2D_min The value of T is not defined in the protocol. R2D_R2D_min The value of T can also be understood as T R2D_R2D_min It can be 0. For example, a protocol can define T. R2D_R2D_min The value of T, for example, is defined in the protocol. R2D_R2D_min The value can be 2 microseconds / millisecond, 3 microseconds / millisecond, etc., or as defined by the protocol T. R2D_R2D_min The value of is related to the duration of the information bits or the duration of the chip.

[0251] Additionally, it is understandable that there may be scenarios where an IoT device sends two consecutive messages to a reader. In this application, the minimum interval between two consecutive messages sent by the IoT device to the reader (i.e., the minimum interval between the end time of the first message and the start time of the second message) is also denoted as T. D2R_D2R_min This application defines whether the protocol is T. D2R_D2R_min The specific value of T is not restricted. For example, the protocol may not define T. D2R_D2R_min The value of T is not defined in the protocol. D2R_D2R_min The value of T can also be understood as T D2R_D2R_min It can be 0. For example, a protocol can define T. D2R_D2R_min The value of T, for example, is defined in the protocol.D2R_D2R_min The value can be 2 microseconds, 3 microseconds, etc., or T as defined by the protocol. D2R_D2R_min The value of is related to the duration of the information bits or the duration of the chip.

[0252] The following describes a communication method provided by another embodiment of this application.

[0253] Referring to Figure 10, which is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to another embodiment of this application, the method includes:

[0254] S1001, the reader sends first information to the IoT device, and the IoT device receives the first information accordingly; the first information is used to indicate the first index in the first candidate set, and the first candidate set is used to indicate the correspondence between the value of at least one interval and the index.

[0255] The first candidate set is used to indicate the correspondence between the value of at least one interval and the index, or it can be replaced by: the first candidate set is used to determine the correspondence between the value of at least one interval and the index.

[0256] At least one of the above intervals includes one or more of the following: T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R_min .

[0257] T R2D_min T is the minimum interval between the start time of an IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving the first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. R2D_max T is the maximum interval between the start time of an IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving the first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. D2R_min The minimum interval T between the end time of the IoT device sending the third message and the start time of the reader's response to the fourth message. D2R_max T is the maximum interval between the end time of the third message sent by the IoT device and the start time of the fourth message responded by the reader. R2D_R2D_min T is the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the reader to the IoT device. D2R_D2R_min The minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by an IoT device to a reader.

[0258] Understandably, the first message is an R2D message, and the second message is a D2R message, which is a response to the first message.

[0259] Understandably, the third message mentioned above is a D2R message, and the fourth message is an R2D message, which is a response to the third message.

[0260] T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max The meaning of can be found in the previous description, and will not be repeated here.

[0261] S1002, the IoT device obtains the value of each interval in at least one interval corresponding to the first index from the first candidate set.

[0262] Implementation method 1): The first candidate set is used to indicate the correspondence between the value of one interval and the index.

[0263] For example, the first candidate set is used to indicate T R2D_min The correspondence between the values ​​and the indices.

[0264] For example, the first candidate set is used to indicate T. R2D_max The correspondence between the values ​​and the indices.

[0265] For example, the first candidate set is used to indicate T. D2R_min The correspondence between the values ​​and the indices.

[0266] For example, the first candidate set is used to indicate T. D2R_max The correspondence between the values ​​and the indices.

[0267] For example, the first candidate set is used to indicate T. R2D_R2D_min The correspondence between the values ​​and the indices.

[0268] For example, the first candidate set is used to indicate T. D2R_D2R_min The correspondence between the values ​​and the indices.

[0269] Understandably, in this implementation, if the reader needs to instruct T separately... R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R_min The value of needs to be T. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R_min Define a candidate set for each. For example, let T... R2D_min The corresponding candidate set is called candidate set #1, and candidate set #1 indicates T. R2D_min The candidate values ​​correspond to their respective indices. Let T... R2D_max The corresponding candidate set is called candidate set #2, and candidate set #2 indicates T. R2D_maxThe candidate values ​​correspond to their respective indices. Let T... D2R_min The corresponding candidate set is called candidate set #3, and candidate set #3 indicates T. D2R_min The candidate values ​​correspond to their respective indices. Let T... D2R_max The corresponding candidate set is called candidate set #4, and candidate set #4 indicates T. D2R_max The candidate values ​​correspond to their respective indices. Let T... R2D_R2D_min The corresponding candidate set is called candidate set #5, and candidate set #5 indicates T. R2D_R2D_min The candidate values ​​correspond to their respective indices. Let T... D2R_D2R_min The corresponding candidate set is called candidate set #6, and candidate set #6 indicates T. D2R_D2R_min The candidate values ​​are respectively indexed.

[0270] Therefore, the reader can send T to the IoT devices respectively. R2D_min The first value is the first index in candidate set #1 (e.g., denoted as index #1), T R2D_max The first value is the first index in candidate set #2 (e.g., denoted as index #2), T D2R_min The first value is the first index in candidate set #3 (e.g., denoted as index #3), T D2R_max The first value of T is the first index in the candidate set #4 (e.g., denoted as index #4). R2D_R2D_min The first value is the first index (e.g., denoted as index #5) in the candidate set #5. D2R_D2R_min The first value is the first index in candidate set #5 (e.g., denoted as index #6). Correspondingly, the IoT device retrieves T from candidate set #1, which corresponds to index #1. R2D_min The first value is obtained from candidate set #2, corresponding to index #2, named T. R2D_max The first value is that the IoT device obtains the T corresponding to index #3 from candidate set #3. D2R_min The first value is that the IoT device obtains the T corresponding to index #4 from candidate set #4. D2R_max The first value. The IoT device retrieves T corresponding to index #5 from candidate set #5. R2D_R2D_min The first value. The IoT device retrieves T corresponding to index #6 from candidate set #6. D2R_D2R_min The first value of .

[0271] In implementation method 1), T can also be... D2R_max Reserve a candidate value ∞ when T D2R_max When the value is ∞, it means that T is not defined. D2R_max Or we can consider T D2R_maxWith an infinite value, after an IoT device sends a D2R message, it will continue to receive R2D messages until its power is depleted or it receives the corresponding R2D message.

[0272] For example, candidate set #1 is shown in Table 1, candidate set #2 is shown in Table 2, candidate set #3 is shown in Table 3, candidate set #4 is shown in Table 4, candidate set #5 is shown in Table 5, and candidate set #6 is shown in Table 6.

[0273] Table 1

[0274] Table 2

[0275] Table 3

[0276] Table 4

[0277] Table 5

[0278] Table 6

[0279] For example, the reader indicates T R2D_min When the value is taken, the index indicated is 1, and the index indicated by T is 1. R2D_max When the value is taken, the index indicated is 2, and the index indicated is T. D2R_min When the value is taken, the index indicated is 1, and the index indicated by T is 1. D2R_max When the value is taken, the index indicated is 2. Therefore, the IoT device can determine T. R2D_min The value of is 20*T2, T R2D_max The value of is 60*T2, T D2R_min The value of is 10*T2, T D2R_maxThe value is 150*T2. T2 represents the length of the chip used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader, or, T2 represents the length of the chip used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device, or, T2 represents the minimum chip duration supported by the system, which is either the minimum chip duration supported by the system for sending messages by the reader or the minimum chip duration supported by the system for sending messages by the IoT device. It should be noted that while the unit is chip length, this does not constitute a limitation of this application. For example, it can also be the length of information bits. For instance, when the unit is the length of information bits, the length of information bits can be the duration of information bits used by the IoT device when sending a message to the reader, or, the length of information bits can be the duration of information bits used by the reader when sending a message to the IoT device, or, the length of information bits can be the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system, which is either the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system for sending messages by the reader or the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system for sending messages by the IoT device.

[0280] Implementation method 2):

[0281] The first candidate set is used to determine T. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max The correspondence between the value and the index of T. Alternatively, it can be understood as T... R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max A candidate set was jointly defined.

[0282] In implementation method 2), T can also be used. D2R_max Reserve a candidate value ∞ when T D2R_max When the value is ∞, it means that T is not defined. D2R_max Or we can consider T D2R_max With an infinite value, after an IoT device sends a D2R message, it will continue to receive R2D messages until its power is depleted or it receives the corresponding R2D message.

[0283] Understandably, this implementation method 2 can indicate T separately using a single index. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max The value of is chosen because the signaling overhead is relatively small.

[0284] For example, the first candidate set is shown in Table 7.

[0285] Table 7

[0286] For example, if the reader indicates index 3, then the IoT device can determine T. R2D_min The first value is 100*T2, T R2D_max The first value is 120*T2, T D2R_min The first value is 100*T2, T D2R_max The first value is 200*T2. T2 represents the length of the chip used by the IoT device when sending a message. It should be noted that the unit here is the length of the chip, but this does not constitute a limitation of this application. For example, it can also be the length of the information bits.

[0287] Implementation method 3):

[0288] The first candidate set is used to indicate T. R2D_min and T R2D_max The correspondence between the index and the data source. Correspondingly, after the reader indicates the first index, the IoT device retrieves the corresponding T from the first candidate set. R2D_min The value of T and R2D_max The corresponding values.

[0289] For example, the first candidate set is shown in Table 8.

[0290] Table 8

[0291] For example, if the reader indicates an index of 2, then the IoT device can determine T. R2D_min The first value is 50*T2, T R2D_max The first value is 60*T2, where T2 represents the length of the chip used by the IoT device when sending a message. This is in units of chip length, but this is not a limitation of this application; for example, it could also be in units of information bit length.

[0292] Alternatively, the first candidate set is used to indicate T D2R_min and T D2R_max The correspondence between the index and the data source. Correspondingly, after the reader indicates the first index, the IoT device retrieves the corresponding T from the first candidate set. D2R_min The first value and T D2R_max The corresponding first value. Similarly, it can also be T. D2R_max Reserve a candidate value ∞ when T D2R_max When the value is ∞, it means that T is not defined. D2R_max Or we can consider T D2R_max With an infinite value, after an IoT device sends a D2R message, it will continue to receive R2D messages until its power is depleted or it receives the corresponding R2D message.

[0293] For example, the first candidate set is shown in Table 9.

[0294] Table 9

[0295] For example, if the reader indicates index 3, then the IoT device can determine T. D2R_min The first value is 100*T2, T D2R_max The first value is 200*T2, where T2 represents the length of the chip used by the IoT device when sending a message. This is in units of chip length, but this is not a limitation of this application; for example, it could also be in units of information bit length.

[0296] Understandably, in implementation method 3, if the reader needs to instruct T... R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max The value of needs to indicate two indices.

[0297] The above, in conjunction with Figure 10, illustrates how this application determines T using an indicator index. R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max The implementation method for obtaining values.

[0298] Optional, for T R2D_min T R2D_max In another implementation, it can be T R2D_min T R2D_max Define a candidate set that can be used to indicate T R2D The reader indicates the correspondence between the candidate values ​​and the index to the IoT device. R2D The index corresponding to the first value, and the corresponding index, the IoT device determines T based on the index indicated by the reader / writer. R2D The first value is then used to determine T based on the first value. R2D_min T R2D_max .

[0299] For example, the candidate set is shown in Table 10.

[0300] Table 10

[0301] For example, if the reader indicates index 2, the IoT device determines T based on the index indicated by the reader. R2D The value is 50*T2. Furthermore, the IoT device determines T. D2R_min = (1-SFO)*T R2D T R2D_max = (1 + SFO) * T R2DSFO can be predefined and preconfigured. For example, if the maximum value of SFO is 0.1, then:

[0302] T R2D_min = (1-SFO)*T R2D =0.9 * 50 = 45 * T², T R2D_max = (1 + SFO) * T R2D =1.1*50=55*T2. It can also be flexibly configured via instructions. Understandably, this is in units of chip length, but this does not constitute a limitation of this application; for example, it could also be in units of information bit length.

[0303] Typically, when an IoT device sends data to be transmitted, it inserts reference signals into the data. The current protocol defines the insertion of reference signals at intervals of A1 bits. In other words, the Xth message sent by an IoT device includes not only information bits but also reference signals, with the time interval between reference signals being A1 bits. For example, if the Xth message consists of V bits, and the reference signals include a preamble and an intermolecular code, then for the i-th bit among these V bits, if i is less than or equal to L, this i-th bit is the a-th bit in the preamble, where a equals i. When i equals K1 + K2(L + A1), this i-th bit is the K1-th bit in the intermolecular code, where K2 is a positive integer, K1 equals 0, 1, ..., L-1, and L is the length of the reference signal.

[0304] This application does not limit the specific type of the reference signal; for example, the reference signal can be a mid-code and / or a preamble.

[0305] However, no specific technical solution has yet been proposed for determining A1.

[0306] One implementation scheme is as follows: The reader sends the Xth message to the IoT device, wherein the Xth message is used to indicate the first configuration parameter, and the first configuration parameter is related to the value of the first time parameter.

[0307] The first time parameter includes one or more of the following: the duration of the information bit, the duration of the chip, and the frequency shift parameter.

[0308] For example, the first configuration parameter is the interval between two adjacent intermediate codes (i.e., it can be understood as A1 above) and / or the interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble.

[0309] For example, one implementation is as follows: the value of the indicated first configuration parameter is located in a first set of values, wherein the first set of values ​​is related to the value of the first time parameter.

[0310] The first set of values ​​is related to the value of the first time parameter of the IoT device, and can also be replaced by: the first set of values ​​is different when the value of the first time parameter is different. That is to say, in this implementation scheme, the first configuration parameter corresponds to different sets of values ​​when the value of the first time parameter is different.

[0311] In one implementation, the first set of values ​​is related to the duration of the information bit. For example, when the information bit duration is 1, the set of values ​​for the first configuration parameter is set 1; when the information bit duration is 2, the set of values ​​for the first configuration parameter is set 2.

[0312] Taking A1 as an example, when the information bit duration is 266.67 microseconds, the value set of A1 is {100, 200, 300, 400}; when the information bit duration is 133.33 microseconds, the value set of A1 is {200, 400, 600, 800}. After the reader indicates to the IoT device that the first value index of A1 is index 0, assuming the IoT device uses an information bit duration of 133.33 microseconds, then the IoT device determines the value set of A1 to be {200, 400, 600, 800}. Furthermore, based on the indicated index 0, it determines the value of A1 to be 200.

[0313] Understandably, this example only uses two information bits as an example, but it does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0314] In one implementation, the first set of values ​​is related to the duration of the chip. For example, when the chip duration is 3, the set of values ​​for the first configuration parameter is set 3; when the chip duration is 4, the set of values ​​for the first configuration parameter is set 4. This is only an example using the duration of two information bits, but it does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0315] In one implementation, the first set of values ​​is related to the value of the frequency shift parameter. For example, when the value of the frequency shift parameter is 1, the set of values ​​for the first configuration parameter is set 5; when the value of the frequency shift parameter is 2, the set of values ​​for the first configuration parameter is set 6. This is only an example of two values ​​for the frequency shift parameter, but it does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0316] Taking A1 as an example, when the frequency shift parameter is 1, the set of values ​​for A1 is {100, 200, 300, 400}. When the frequency shift parameter is 2, the set of values ​​for A1 is {200, 400, 600, 800}. After the reader indicates to the IoT device that the first value index of A1 is index 3, assuming the IoT device uses a frequency shift parameter of 1, the IoT device determines the set of values ​​for A1 to be {100, 200, 300, 400}. Furthermore, based on the indicated index 0, it determines that the value of A1 is 800.

[0317] In one implementation, the first set of values ​​is related to the values ​​of the frequency shift parameter and the chip duration.

[0318] Taking A1 as an example, when the frequency shift parameter is 1 and the chip duration is 0.69 microseconds, the value set of A1 is {100, 200, 300, 400}. When the frequency shift parameter is 2 and the chip duration is 0.69 microseconds, the value set of A1 is {200, 400, 600, 800}. After the reader indicates to the IoT device that the first value index of A1 is index 1, assuming that the IoT device uses a frequency shift parameter of 1 and a chip duration of 0.69 microseconds, then the IoT device determines the value set of A1 to be {100, 200, 300, 400}. Furthermore, based on the indicated index 0, it determines that the value of A1 is 200.

[0319] It should be understood that this application does not limit the units of the above-mentioned value set. For example, it can be the duration of information bits sent by the IoT device to the reader; or, the duration of information bits sent by the reader to the IoT device; or the duration of information bits sent by IoT devices supported by the system to the reader; or the duration of information bits sent by the system-supported reader to the IoT device, for example, the minimum duration of information bits supported by the system, which is the minimum duration of information bits when the system-supported reader sends a message to the IoT device or the minimum duration of information bits when the system-supported IoT device sends a message; or, the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system, which is the maximum duration of information bits when the system-supported reader sends a message or the maximum duration of information bits when the system-supported IoT device sends a message.

[0320] Another implementation scheme is as follows: the reader indicates the value index of the first configuration parameter of the first reference signal to the IoT device; correspondingly, the IoT device obtains the first value of the first configuration parameter corresponding to the value index from the second value set; the unit of the second value set is the first time parameter.

[0321] The first time parameter can be the duration of information bits sent by the reader to the IoT device, or the maximum duration of information bits sent by the reader to the IoT device, or the minimum duration of information bits sent by the reader to the IoT device, or the duration of information chip sent by the reader to the IoT device, or the maximum duration of chip sent by the reader to the IoT device, or the minimum duration of chip sent by the reader to the IoT device, or other bit durations that the reader can send to the IoT device, or other chip durations that the reader can send to the IoT device.

[0322] The second set of values ​​can be in units of the duration of information bits sent by the reader to the IoT device, or in units of the maximum duration of information bits sent by the reader to the IoT device, or in units of the minimum duration of information bits sent by the reader to the IoT device, or in units of the duration of information chips sent by the reader to the IoT device, or in units of the maximum duration of chips sent by the reader to the IoT device, or in units of the minimum duration of chips sent by the reader to the IoT device, or in units of other bit durations that the reader can send to the IoT device, or in units of other chip durations that the reader can send to the IoT device.

[0323] For example, the first time parameter is information bit 1, and the duration of information bit 1 is 266.67 microseconds. The second value set is {100, 200, 300, 400}, and the unit of the second value set is the first time parameter. The reader indicates to the IoT device that the value index of the first configuration parameter is index 4. Based on index 4, the first configuration parameter is determined to be 400 information bits 1. The device can determine the interval between adjacent intermediate codes and / or the interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble according to the first configuration parameter.

[0324] The communication method provided in this application has been described above. The communication device provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 12 and 13.

[0325] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, as shown in Figure 12, the device 1100 includes: a transceiver module 1101 and a processing module 1102.

[0326] For example, in an embodiment of the first device, device 1100 is applied to an IoT device or a reader / writer.

[0327] Specifically, the transceiver module 1101 is used to: transmit a first message with the reader / writer; the transceiver module 1101 is also used to: transmit a second message with the reader / writer, the second message being a message in response to the first message, and the transmission directions of the first message and the second message being opposite; wherein, the start time of the second message is located within a first time interval, the start time of the first time interval is the first time, and the end time of the first time interval is the second time; the interval between the first time and the end time of the first message and / or the interval between the second time and the end time of the first message is determined based on one or more of the following: the duration of the information bits, the duration of the chip, or the number of encoding repetitions.

[0328] In one possible implementation, the first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader.

[0329] In one possible implementation, T R2D_min Satisfy: T R2D_min =β1*T1-α.

[0330] In one possible implementation, T R2D_min Satisfy: T R2D_min =β1*2*R*T2-α; or, T R2D_min =γ1*T2-α.

[0331] In one possible implementation, T R2D_max Satisfy: T R2D_max =β2*T1+α.

[0332] In one possible implementation, T R2D_max Satisfy: T R2D_max =β²*2*R*T²+α; or, T R2D_max =γ2*T2+α.

[0333] In one possible implementation, the first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader, and the second message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device.

[0334] In one possible implementation, T D2R_min Satisfy: T D2R_min =β3*T1; or, T D2R_min =γ3*T2.

[0335] In one possible implementation, T D2R_max Satisfy: T D2R_max =β4*T1; or, T D2R_max =γ4*T2.

[0336] The processing module 1102 can determine the first time interval based on the above parameters.

[0337] The meanings of parameters such as β1, T1, α, β2, T2, β3, β4, γ1, γ2, γ3, and γ4 can be found in the description of the method section above, and will not be repeated here.

[0338] For example, in an embodiment of the second device, device 1100 is applied to an IoT device.

[0339] Specifically, the transceiver module 1101 is configured to: receive first information from the reader / writer, the first information indicating a first index in a first candidate set, the first candidate set indicating the correspondence between the values ​​of at least one interval and the index; the processing module 1102 is configured to: obtain the value of each interval in at least one interval corresponding to the first index from the first candidate set; the at least one interval includes one or more of the following: T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max .

[0340] For example, in an embodiment of the third device, device 1100 is applied to a reader / writer.

[0341] Specifically, the transceiver module 1101 is configured to: send first information to the IoT device, the first information indicating a first index in a first candidate set, the first candidate set indicating the correspondence between the values ​​of at least one interval and the index; the at least one interval includes one or more of the following: T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max .

[0342] T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max The detailed description of the meaning of the first candidate set can be found in the description in the previous method implementation, and will not be repeated here.

[0343] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device shown in Figure 13 can be used to perform the method described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0344] As shown in Figure 13, the device 1200 of this embodiment includes a memory 1201 and a processor 1202. In one implementation, the device 1200 further includes a communication interface 1203 and a bus 1204. The memory 1201, processor 1202, and communication interface 1203 are interconnected via the bus 1204.

[0345] The memory 1201 can be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 1201 can store programs, and when the program stored in the memory 1201 is executed by the processor 1202, the processor 1202 is used to execute the various steps of the methods shown in Figures 8 to 10.

[0346] The processor 1202 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, used to execute relevant programs to implement the method shown in FIG7 of the embodiment of this application.

[0347] The processor 1202 can also be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the method in Figures 8 to 10 of this application embodiment can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the processor 1102 or by software instructions.

[0348] The processor 1202 described above can also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or a conventional processor, etc.

[0349] The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory 1201. The processor 1202 reads information from memory 1201 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the functions required by the units included in the device of this application. For example, it can execute the various steps / functions of the embodiments shown in Figures 8 to 10.

[0350] The communication interface 1203 can use, but is not limited to, transceivers to enable communication between the device 1200 and other devices or communication networks.

[0351] Bus 1204 may include a pathway for transmitting information between various components of device 1200 (e.g., memory 1201, processor 1202, communication interface 1203).

[0352] It should be understood that the device 1200 shown in the embodiments of this application can be deployed in network devices or terminals.

[0353] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be a usable medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center containing one or more sets of usable media. The usable medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0354] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0355] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0356] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0357] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0358] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0359] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0360] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0361] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0362] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including: The first message is transmitted between the reader and the writer; A second message is transmitted between the reader and the writer, the second message being a message in response to the first message, and the transmission directions of the first message and the second message are opposite; Wherein, the start time of the second message is within the first time interval, the start time of the first time interval is the first moment, and the end time of the first time interval is the second moment; The interval between the first time point and the end time point of the first message and / or the interval between the second time point and the end time point of the first message is determined based on one or more of the following: the duration of the information bits, the duration of the chip, the frequency shift factor, the coding rate, or the number of repetitions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first message is a message sent by the reader to the IoT device, and the second message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interval T between the first time point and the end time of the first message R2D_min Satisfy: T R2D_min =β1*T1-α; Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, β1 is predefined or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined or indicated by the reader.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interval T between the first time point and the end time of the first message R2D_min Satisfy: T R2D_min =β1*2*R*T2-α; Where T2 represents the duration of the chip, R represents the frequency shift factor, β1 is predefined or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined or indicated by the reader; or, T R2D_min =γ1*T2-α; Wherein, T2 represents the duration of the chip, γ1 is predefined or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined or indicated by the reader.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, β1 = (1-SFO)*M, where SFO is the sampling frequency offset.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The interval T between the second time and the end time of the first message R2D_max Satisfy: T R2D_max =β2*T1+α Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, β2 is predefined or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined or indicated by the reader.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The interval T between the second time and the end time of the first message R2D_max Satisfy: T R2D_max =β²*2*R*T²+α; Where T2 represents the duration of the chip, R represents the frequency shift factor, β2 is predefined or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined or indicated by the reader; or, T R2D_max =γ2*T2+α; Where T2 represents the duration of the chip, γ2 is predefined or indicated by the reader, and α is predefined or indicated by the reader.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, β2 = (1 + SFO) * M, where SFO is the sampling frequency offset of the IoT device.

9. The method according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that, The duration of the information bits is the same as the duration of the information bits in the first message; or, The duration of the information bits is the same as the duration of the information bits in the second message; or, The duration of the information bit is the minimum duration of the information bit supported by the system, which is either the minimum duration of the information bit supported by the system when a reader / writer sends a message or the minimum duration of the information bit supported by the system when an IoT device sends a message; or, The duration of the information bits is the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system, which is the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when a reader sends a message or when an IoT device sends a message.

10. The method according to claim 4 or 7, characterized in that, The duration of the chip is the same as the duration of the chip in the first message; or, The duration of the chip is the same as the duration of the chip in the second message; or, The duration of the chip is the minimum chip duration supported by the system, which is either the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader / writer sends a message or the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message; or, The duration of the chip is the maximum chip duration supported by the system, which is either the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message or the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first message is a message sent by the IoT device to the reader / writer, and the second message is a message sent by the reader / writer to the IoT device.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The interval T between the first time point and the end time of the first message D2R_min Satisfy: T D2R_min =β3*T1; Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, and β3 is predefined or indicated by the reader / writer; or, The interval T between the first time point and the end time of the first message D2R_min satisfy: T D2R_min =γ3*T2; T2 represents the duration of the chip, and γ3 is predefined or indicated by the reader / writer.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The interval T between the second time and the end time of the first message D2R_max Satisfy: T D2R_max =β4*T1; Where T1 represents the duration of the information bits, and β4 is predefined or indicated by the reader / writer; or, The interval T between the second time and the end time of the first message D2R_max satisfy: T D2R_max =γ4*T2; Where T2 represents the duration of the chip, and γ4 is predefined or indicated by the reader / writer.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The duration of the information bits is the same as the duration of the information bits in the first message; or, The duration of the information bits is the same as the duration of the information bits in the second message; or, The duration of the information bit is the minimum duration of the information bit supported by the system, which is either the minimum duration of the information bit supported by the system when a reader / writer sends a message or the minimum duration of the information bit supported by the system when an IoT device sends a message; or, The duration of the information bits is the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system, which is the maximum duration of information bits supported by the system when a reader sends a message or when an IoT device sends a message.

15. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The duration of the chip is the same as the duration of the chip in the first message; or, The duration of the chip is the same as the duration of the chip in the second message; or, The duration of the chip is the minimum chip duration supported by the system, which is either the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the reader / writer sends a message or the minimum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message; or, The duration of the chip is the maximum chip duration supported by the system, which is either the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the reader sends a message or the maximum chip duration supported by the system when the IoT device sends a message.

16. A communication method, characterized in that, Applications in readers and writers include: Transmitting first messages with IoT devices; A second message is transmitted with the IoT device, the second message being a message in response to the first message, and the transmission directions of the first message and the second message are opposite; Wherein, the start time of the second message is within the first time interval, the start time of the first time interval is the first moment, and the end time of the first time interval is the second moment; The interval between the first time point and the end time point of the first message and / or the interval between the second time point and the end time point of the first message is determined based on one or more of the following: the duration of the information bits, the duration of the chip, the frequency shift factor, the coding rate, or the number of repetitions.

17. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including: Receive first information from the reader / writer, the first information being used to indicate a first index in a first candidate set, the first candidate set being used to indicate the correspondence between the value of at least one interval and the index; Obtain the value of each interval in the at least one interval corresponding to the first index from the first candidate set; The at least one interval includes one or more of the following: T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R__min ; T R2D_min T is the minimum interval between the start time of the IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving a first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. R2D_max T is the maximum interval between the start time of the IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving a first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. D2R_min T is the minimum interval between the end time of the IoT device sending the third message and the start time of the reader's response to the fourth message. D2R_max T is the maximum interval between the end time of the IoT device sending the third message and the start time of the reader's response to the fourth message. R2D_R2D_min T is the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the reader to the IoT device. D2R_D2R__min The minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the IoT device to the reader / writer.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The at least one interval is T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min or T D2R_max one of the.

19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The at least one interval includes T R2D_min and T R2D_max ;or, The at least one interval includes T D2R_min and T D2R_max .

20. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The at least one interval includes T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min and T D2R_max .

21. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that, The first candidate set is either predefined or indicated by the reader / writer.

22. A communication method, characterized in that, Applications in readers and writers include: Send first information to the IoT device, the first information being used to indicate a first index in a first candidate set, the first candidate set being used to determine the correspondence between the value of at least one interval and the index; The at least one interval includes one or more of the following: T R2D_min T R2D_max T D2R_min T D2R_max T R2D_R2D_min T D2R_D2R__min ; T R2D_min T is the minimum interval between the start time of the IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving a first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. R2D_max T is the maximum interval between the start time of the IoT device sending a second message to the reader after receiving a first message from the reader and the end time of the first message. D2R_min T is the minimum interval between the end time of the IoT device sending the third message and the start time of the reader's response to the fourth message. D2R_max T is the maximum interval between the end time of the IoT device sending the third message and the start time of the reader's response to the fourth message. R2D_R2D_min T is the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the reader to the IoT device. D2R_D2R__min The minimum time interval between two consecutive messages sent by the IoT device to the reader / writer.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The first candidate set is predefined; or, the method further includes: Indicate the first candidate set to the IoT device.

24. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to IoT devices, including: Receive a fifth message from the reader / writer. The fifth message is used to indicate the first configuration parameter of the first reference signal. The first configuration parameter is related to the value of the first time parameter. The first time parameter includes one or more of the following: the duration of the information bit, the duration of the chip, the frequency shift parameter, the coding rate, and the number of repetitions.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, The first reference signal is a mid-guide code.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that, The first configuration parameter is the interval between two adjacent middle preambles and / or the interval between the first middle preamble and the preamble.

27. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, The value of the first configuration parameter is located in the first set of values; The first set of values ​​is related to the value of the first time parameter.

28. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, The value of the first configuration parameter corresponds to the second set of values; The unit of the second set of values ​​is related to the value of the first time parameter.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes a processor for causing the communication device to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 15, or the method as described in claim 16, or the method as described in any one of claims 17 to 21, or the method as described in any one of claims 22 to 23, or the method as described in any one of claims 24 to 25 by executing computer programs or instructions, and / or by logic circuitry.

30. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed, the method of any one of claims 1 to 15 is performed, or the method of claim 16 is performed, or the method of any one of claims 17 to 21 is performed, or the method of any one of claims 22 to 23 is performed, or the method of any one of claims 24 to 25 is performed.

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