Power supply device and power supply system

Abstract

A power supply device and a power supply system. The power supply device comprises: n three-winding transformers (110), each three-winding transformer (110) comprising a primary winding (111), a first secondary winding (112) and a second secondary winding (113), and the primary windings (111) of the n three-winding transformers (110) being jointly coupled to an alternating current power supply; and n rectifier units (120), an input end of each rectifier unit (120) being electrically connected to a first secondary winding (112) and a second secondary winding (113) of a corresponding three-winding transformer (110), and output ends of the n rectifier units (120) being jointly coupled to a load, wherein there is a phase difference between an output of the first secondary winding (112) of each three-winding transformer (110) and an output of the second secondary winding (113). The power supply device uses the three-winding transformers (110) having a simple structure, thereby effectively reducing the structural complexity of a hydrogen production power supply and lowering manufacturing costs. A plurality of three-winding transformers (110) are used to achieve multi-path parallel connection, and the power of the overall power supply can be increased by increasing the number of transformers, thereby meeting the power supply requirements for high-power hydrogen production.

Description

A power supply device and power supply system

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510355335.3, filed on March 24, 2025, entitled “A Power Supply Device and Power Supply System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen production power technology, and more specifically, to a power supply device and power system. Background Technology

[0004] With the advancement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, hydrogen energy, as a zero-carbon energy carrier, has received widespread attention, and electrolysis power supplies are a key component of hydrogen production systems. Thyristor rectification technology is mature and low-cost, and has been widely used in the electrolysis industry. However, its transformer design is complex, requiring filters and power factor correction devices, and it has poor adaptability to grid voltage fluctuations, resulting in large output current ripple that affects the lifespan of the electrolyzer. IGBT rectification technology, originating from wind power generation and energy storage systems, possesses advantages such as low ripple, low harmonics, and high power factor, making it suitable for renewable energy hydrogen production scenarios. However, due to the use of PWM modulation and DC-DC step-down, it is costly and inefficient. Diode rectification combined with DC-DC chopper combines the advantages and disadvantages of the former two, offering lower current ripple, moderate grid adaptability, higher efficiency, and lower cost, performing excellently in industrial hydrogen production applications.

[0005] Diode rectification requires the use of a phase-shifting transformer to achieve 24-pulse or higher multi-pulse rectification, meeting grid-connected current quality and power factor requirements. However, phase-shifting transformers have complex structures, making it difficult and costly to achieve high power output from a single unit. Due to the asymmetrical winding structure, it is difficult to ensure impedance consistency, leading to differences in voltage drop after loading, which in turn affects the output power quality. Therefore, optimizing the phase-shifting transformer design or finding alternative solutions is crucial to improving the performance of high-power hydrogen production power supplies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure provides a power supply device and power system that can effectively reduce the structural complexity of hydrogen production power supplies and reduce manufacturing costs.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a power supply device is provided, comprising: n three-winding transformers, each three-winding transformer including a primary winding, a first secondary winding and a second secondary winding, the primary windings of the n three-winding transformers being commonly coupled to an AC power source, wherein n is a positive integer; and n rectifier units, the input terminal of each rectifier unit being electrically connected to the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the n rectifier units being commonly coupled to a load; wherein there is a phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer.

[0008] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, each rectifier unit includes: a first rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the first secondary winding of a corresponding three-winding transformer; a second rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the outputs of the first rectifier bridge and the second rectifier bridge are connected in parallel or in series to form a port; and a DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the port, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, each rectifier unit includes: a first rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the first secondary winding of a corresponding three-winding transformer; a first DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the output of the first rectifier bridge, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load; a second rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer; and a second DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the output of the second rectifier bridge, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the primary winding of each three-winding transformer is an extended delta winding, and the phase difference between the AC voltages transmitted between adjacent primary windings in the n three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), where n is an even number.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer are a star winding and a delta winding, respectively. The phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding is equal to 30°. The phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the second secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n).

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is adjusted so that the power supply device achieves 12n-pulse rectification, where n is an even number.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is 30°, the phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the second secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n).

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the output of the second secondary winding of the i-th three-winding transformer and the output of the first secondary winding of the (i+1)-th three-winding transformer is 360° / (12n), where i is an integer and 1≤i<n.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of n three-winding transformers have a total of 2n phase shift angles. If these 2n phase shift angles are sorted from smallest to largest to form a sequence, any two adjacent phase shift angles in the sequence differ by 360° / (12n).

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the phase difference between the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the i-th three-winding transformer is not equal to the phase difference between the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the j-th three-winding transformer, where i and j are integers, 1≤i<n, 1≤j<n, and i≠j.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, in at least one three-winding transformer, the phase shift angle of the output of the first secondary winding is θ+a, and the phase shift angle of the output of the second secondary winding is θ-a, where θ is the voltage angle of the AC power supply and a is the offset.

[0018] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the n three-winding transformers are located in the same housing.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the n primary windings, n first secondary windings and n second secondary windings of the n three-winding transformers are wound around the same magnetic core.

[0020] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a power supply system is provided, comprising: k power supply devices as described above, wherein k*n primary windings of the k power supply devices are commonly coupled to the AC power supply, and the outputs of the k power supply devices are commonly coupled to a load.

[0021] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a power supply device is provided, comprising: n three-winding transformers, each three-winding transformer including a primary winding, a first secondary winding and a second secondary winding, the primary windings of the n three-winding transformers being commonly coupled to an AC power source, wherein n is a positive integer; and n first rectifier units, the input terminal of each first rectifier unit being electrically connected to the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the n first rectifier units being commonly coupled to a first load; and n second rectifier units, the input terminal of each second rectifier unit being electrically connected to the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the n second rectifier units being commonly coupled to a second load; wherein there is a phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer.

[0022] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, each first rectifier unit or second rectifier unit includes: a first rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer; a second rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the outputs of the first rectifier bridge and the second rectifier bridge are connected in parallel or in series to form a port; and a DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the port, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load.

[0023] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, each first rectifier unit or second rectifier unit includes: a first rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the first secondary winding of a corresponding three-winding transformer; a first DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the output of the first rectifier bridge, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load; a second rectifier bridge, the input of which is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer; and a second DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the output of the second rectifier bridge, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load.

[0024] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is adjusted so that the power supply device achieves 12n-pulse rectification, where n is an even number.

[0025] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a power supply system is provided, comprising: k power supply devices as described above, wherein k*n primary windings of the k power supply devices are commonly coupled to the AC power supply, the outputs of k*n first rectifier units are commonly coupled to the first load, and the outputs of k*n second rectifier units are commonly coupled to the second load.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0028] Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 2A is a circuit diagram of the rectifier unit according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 2B is a circuit diagram of the rectifier unit according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 2C is a circuit diagram of the rectifier unit of Embodiment 2 of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 3A is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 3 of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 3B is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 3 of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 4A is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 4 of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 4B is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 4 of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 4C is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 4 of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 5 of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 5 of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of the power supply system of Embodiment Six of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 7 of this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of the power supply system of Embodiment 8 of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0043] The features, structures, or characteristics described in this disclosure can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this disclosure can be practiced with one or more specific details omitted, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this disclosure.

[0044] The accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure, and the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, thus omitting repeated descriptions of them. Some block diagrams shown in the drawings do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software, in at least one hardware module or integrated circuit, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0045] In this specification, the terms “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “at least one” are used to indicate the presence of at least one element / component / etc.; the terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion meaning that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used only as markings and are not a limitation on the number of objects; the terms “A and B are arranged along a first direction” and “A and B are arranged along a second direction” do not mean that A and B must be arranged in a straight line, and A and B may have a certain deviation or misalignment along the first direction.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1, the power supply device 100 includes n three-winding transformers 110 and n rectifier units 120. Wherein, n is a positive integer.

[0049] Each three-winding transformer 110 includes a primary winding 111, a first secondary winding 112, and a second secondary winding 113. The primary windings 111 of the n three-winding transformers 110 are all coupled to an AC power supply. The output of the first secondary winding 112 of each three-winding transformer 110 has a phase difference with the output of the second secondary winding 113.

[0050] The input terminal of each rectifier unit 120 is electrically connected to the first secondary winding 112 and the second secondary winding 113 of the corresponding three-winding transformer 110, for rectifying the output current of the secondary winding. The output terminals of the n rectifier units 120 are commonly coupled to a load. This load can be an electrolyzer for hydrogen production.

[0051] In related technologies, hydrogen production power is typically achieved using a phase-shifting transformer. This transformer consists of a primary winding and multiple secondary windings. The phase shift angle relationship between the secondary windings is adjusted by configuring the number of turns and the wiring method of the phase-shifting coil and the base coil, thereby forming the required multi-pulse power supply. In this technical solution, the asymmetrical spatial arrangement of the secondary windings leads to inconsistent magnetic field coupling, resulting in the impedance of the windings at both ends being greater than that of the middle winding. This causes voltage drop and phase shift angle deviation after loading, severely affecting the bus voltage after rectification and the superposition and cancellation effect of low-order harmonics in the grid-side current. When all windings operate simultaneously, the current imbalance and severe distortion problems become more prominent, leading to poor grid-connected current quality, increased harmonics, and consequently, overheating of the transformer windings and grid-side components. Furthermore, the complex structure and manufacturing process of the phase-shifting transformer increase the production cost of the related hydrogen production power supply.

[0052] In this embodiment, the power supply device is implemented using multiple three-winding transformers. By connecting the primary windings of all transformers in parallel to the same AC power source, it is ensured that they receive the same input AC current, i.e., with the same voltage and phase angle. A specific phase difference exists between the first and second secondary windings of each transformer. By adjusting the phase angle relationship between the secondary windings, the 2n secondary windings of n three-winding transformers together form the required multi-pulse power supply.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the phase angles between the secondary windings are adjusted so that the phase angles of the four secondary windings are θ+0°, θ+30°, θ+15°, and θ+45°, respectively. Here, θ is the voltage angle of the AC power supply. This phase angle relationship of the four secondary windings forms a 24-pulse power supply. It should be noted that this phase angle relationship of the secondary windings is only used as an example. Other phase angle relationships can be adjusted according to actual needs, as long as the relevant multi-pulse power supply requirements are met. Furthermore, by increasing the number of secondary windings and adjusting the phase angle relationship, a 48-pulse power supply or other multi-pulse power supplies can be formed.

[0054] The power supply device provided in this embodiment comprises multiple three-winding transformers connected in parallel. By adjusting the phase angle relationship between the secondary windings, the secondary windings collectively form the required multi-pulse power supply. This power supply device, employing a simple three-winding transformer, effectively reduces the structural complexity of the hydrogen production power supply and lowers manufacturing costs. Furthermore, by using multiple three-winding transformers connected in parallel, the overall power output can be increased by adding more transformers, thereby meeting the power requirements of high-power hydrogen production.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Figure 2A is a circuit diagram of the rectifier unit according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure. Figure 2B is a circuit diagram of the rectifier unit according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure. Figure 2C is a circuit diagram of the rectifier unit according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure. The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 lies in the circuit structure of the rectifier unit. Other parts are similar to Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2A, each rectifier unit 120 includes a rectifier bridge 121 and a DC-DC converter 122. Each rectifier unit 120 corresponds to a three-winding transformer 110. The rectifier bridge 121 includes a first rectifier bridge 121A and a second rectifier bridge 121B. The input terminal of the first rectifier bridge 121A is electrically connected to the first secondary winding 112 of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the second rectifier bridge 121B is electrically connected to the second secondary winding 113 of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The output terminals of the first rectifier bridge 121A and the second rectifier bridge 121B are connected in parallel to form a port. The input terminal of the DC-DC converter 122 is connected to this port, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the load.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2B, each rectifier unit 120 includes a rectifier bridge 121 and a DC-DC converter 122. Each rectifier unit 120 corresponds to a three-winding transformer 110. The rectifier bridge 121 includes a first rectifier bridge 121A and a second rectifier bridge 121B. The input terminal of the first rectifier bridge 121A is electrically connected to the first secondary winding 112 of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the second rectifier bridge 121B is electrically connected to the second secondary winding 113 of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The output terminals of the first rectifier bridge 121A and the second rectifier bridge 121B are connected in series to form a port. The input terminal of the DC-DC converter 122 is connected to this port, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the load.

[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2C, each rectifier unit 120 includes a rectifier bridge 121 and a DC-DC converter 122. Each rectifier unit 120 corresponds to a three-winding transformer 110. The rectifier bridge 121 includes a first rectifier bridge 121A and a second rectifier bridge 121B. The DC-DC converter 122 includes a first DC-DC converter 122A and a second DC-DC converter 122B. The input terminal of the first rectifier bridge 121A is electrically connected to the first secondary winding 112 of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the second rectifier bridge 121B is electrically connected to the second secondary winding 113 of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the first DC-DC converter 122A is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first rectifier bridge 121A, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the load. The input terminal of the second DC-DC converter 122B is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second rectifier bridge 121B, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the load.

[0060] It should be noted that the circuit structure design of this rectifier unit can vary depending on the actual application requirements. This embodiment only provides a few feasible implementation methods and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Figure 3A is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 3 of this disclosure. Figure 3B is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 3 of this disclosure. The difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 1 lies in the circuit structure of the transformer. The other parts are similar to Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the primary winding of each three-winding transformer adopts an extended delta winding. This extended delta winding is a winding connection where a portion of the winding is connected in a triangle, and another portion extends from the vertex of that triangle. In this embodiment, phase shifting is performed on the primary winding side of each three-winding transformer. The phase difference between the AC voltages transmitted between adjacent primary windings in the n three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), where n is an even number. This adjacentity can be due to structural adjacency of the primary windings or adjacency in their sequential numbers.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer are a star winding and a delta winding, respectively. The star winding, also known as a Y-winding, is a winding connection where the first or last end of the winding is connected together, with the other end extending outwards. The delta winding is a winding connection where the first and last ends of the winding are connected sequentially to form a closed loop. The first secondary winding can be a star winding and the second secondary winding a delta winding, or vice versa. Based on the winding connection of the first and second secondary windings, a 30° phase difference will be generated between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings. Furthermore, the phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary winding of the adjacent three-winding transformer is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the second secondary winding of the adjacent three-winding transformer is also 360° / (12n), where n is an even number.

[0065] In an exemplary embodiment, the number n of the three-winding transformers is related to the number of pulses required to generate the multi-pulse power supply. As shown in Figure 3A, the power supply device includes two three-winding transformers, i.e., n = 2. This power supply device is then used to generate a 12n-pulse power supply, i.e., a 24-pulse power supply. As shown, based on phase shifting of the primary winding side of each three-winding transformer, the phase angles of the two primary windings are θ-7.5° and θ+7.5°, respectively, i.e., a 15° phase difference. Based on the winding connection of the secondary windings, a 30° phase difference will be generated between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer. Based on this, the phase angles of the four secondary windings are θ+0°, θ+30°, θ+15°, and θ+45°, respectively. It can be seen that the 24-pulse power supply is formed through the phase angle relationship of these four secondary windings.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG3B, the power supply device includes four three-winding transformers, i.e., n=4. This power supply device is used to generate a 48-pulse power supply. As shown, based on phase shifting of the primary winding side of each three-winding transformer, the phase difference of the output voltage provided by adjacent primary windings is 7.5°. In this embodiment, the phase angles of the four primary windings are set to θ-11.25°, θ-3.75°, θ+3.75°, and θ+11.25°, respectively. Based on the winding connection of the secondary windings, a 30° phase difference will be generated between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer. Further, in two adjacent three-winding transformers, the phase difference between the outputs of the two first secondary windings is 7.5°, and the phase difference between the outputs of the two second secondary windings is also 7.5°. Based on this, the phase angles of the eight secondary windings are θ+0°, θ+30°, θ+7.5°, θ+37.5°, θ+15°, θ+45°, θ+22.5°, and θ+52.5°, respectively. The phase angle relationship of these eight secondary windings forms a 48-pulse power supply.

[0067] It should be noted that the phase angles corresponding to the above windings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. The angles of the relevant angles can be adjusted according to actual application needs, as long as the relative phase difference relationship is satisfied.

[0068] The power supply device provided in this embodiment generates a 30° phase difference between the secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer by shifting the phase difference between the primary windings and based on the winding connection of the secondary windings, thereby achieving 12n-pulse rectification. Based on this, by using a simple three-winding transformer and winding connection to generate the required multi-pulse power supply, the structural complexity of the hydrogen production power supply can be effectively reduced, and manufacturing costs can be lowered.

[0069] Other embodiments of the power supply device achieve 12n pulse rectification by shifting the phase difference between the primary windings and shifting the phase between the secondary windings, so that the phase shift angles between the secondary windings are sorted in order of magnitude to form a phase shift angle sequence, in which a phase difference of 360° / (12n) is formed between adjacent phase shift angles.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] Figure 4A is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 4 of this disclosure. Figure 4B is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 4 of this disclosure. Figure 4C is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 4 of this disclosure. The difference between Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 1 is the circuit structure of the transformer. The other parts are similar to Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C, the phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is adjusted so that the power supply device achieves 12n-pulse rectification, where n is an even number. The number of three-winding transformers n is related to the number of pulses required to generate the multi-pulse power supply. For example, n = 2 achieves 24-pulse rectification; n = 4 achieves 48-pulse rectification.

[0073] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C, the primary winding of each three-winding transformer is a star-connected winding. In this embodiment, no phase shifting is performed on the primary winding side of each three-winding transformer. The primary windings of the n three-winding transformers are connected to the same power supply, and the AC voltages transmitted by the primary windings of the n three-winding transformers are in phase. It should be noted that the primary winding can use any winding type, such as a conventional delta or star winding. Exemplarily, all primary windings in multiple three-winding transformers use the same connection method.

[0074] In some embodiments, the secondary windings of each three-winding transformer are phase-shifted. A 30° phase difference is generated between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer. Simultaneously, the phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary windings of adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the second secondary windings of adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), where n is an even number. This adjacency can be structural adjacency of the primary windings or adjacency of their sequential numbers. Since the phase difference between the outputs of adjacent first secondary windings is 360° / (12n), the phase difference between the outputs of adjacent second secondary windings is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer is 30°, the output of this power supply device forms a 12n pulse power supply.

[0075] In some embodiments, the secondary windings of each three-winding transformer are phase-shifted. The phase difference between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer is 360° / (12n). Furthermore, in two adjacent three-winding transformers, the phase difference between the output of the second secondary winding of one transformer and the output of the first secondary winding of the other transformer is also 360° / (12n). That is, the phase difference between the output of the second secondary winding of the i-th three-winding transformer and the output of the first secondary winding of the (i+1)-th three-winding transformer is 360° / (12n), where i is an integer and 1 ≤ i < n. The i-th and (i+1)-th three-winding transformers are adjacent three-winding transformers. This adjacency can be due to structural adjacency of the primary windings or adjacency of their sequential numbers. Since the phase difference between the outputs of the two secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer, and between the outputs of the second secondary winding and the first secondary winding of an adjacent three-winding transformer, is 360° / (12n), this power supply device forms a 12n pulse power supply.

[0076] In some embodiments, phase shifting is performed on the secondary windings of each three-winding transformer. The first and second secondary windings of the n three-winding transformers have a total of 2n phase shift angles. These 2n phase shift angles are sorted in ascending order to form a sequence, in which any two adjacent phase shift angles differ by 360° / (12n), where n is an even number. In this embodiment, the phase difference between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer is no longer limited. In other words, the phase difference between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of two three-winding transformers can be unequal. That is, the phase difference between the first and second secondary windings of the i-th three-winding transformer is not equal to the phase difference between the first and second secondary windings of the j-th three-winding transformer, where i and j are integers, 1 ≤ i < n, 1 ≤ j < n, and i ≠ j. It is sufficient that the phase shift angle sequence of each secondary winding generated by phase shifting satisfies the phase shift angle difference in the above sequence. For example, the four phase shift angles in Figure 4A are redistributed, with θ-22.5°, θ+7.5°, θ-7.5°, and θ+22.5° randomly assigned to the four secondary windings. When the four phase shifts are ordered by magnitude, a phase shift angle sequence θ-22.5°, θ-7.5°, θ+7.5°, and θ+22.5° is formed. In this sequence, the difference between adjacent phase shift angles is equal to 15°. Since the phase shift angle sequence formed by the secondary windings in this way still satisfies a phase difference of 360° / (12n), this power supply device generates a 12n pulse power supply.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG4A, the power supply device includes two three-winding transformers. As shown, the primary windings of these two three-winding transformers are star-connected and do not undergo phase shifting. By shifting the secondary windings, a 30° phase difference is generated between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer. Simultaneously, in two adjacent three-winding transformers, the phase difference between the outputs of the first and second secondary windings of one transformer and the other is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the second and second secondary windings of one transformer and the other is 360° / (12n), i.e., a 15° phase difference exists. Based on this, the phase angles of the four secondary windings are θ-22.5°, θ+7.5°, θ-7.5°, and θ+22.5°, respectively. Through the phase angle relationship of these four secondary windings, a 24-pulse power supply is formed.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG4B, the power supply device includes four three-winding transformers. As shown, the primary windings of these four three-winding transformers employ a star configuration without phase shifting. By shifting the phases of the secondary windings, the phase difference between the outputs of the two secondary windings of the same three-winding transformer, and between the outputs of the second and first secondary windings of adjacent three-winding transformers, is 360° / (12n), i.e., a phase difference of 7.5°. Based on this, the phase angles of the eight secondary windings are θ-26.25°, θ-18.75°, θ-11.25°, θ-3.75°, θ+3.75°, θ+11.25°, θ+18.75°, and θ+26.25°, respectively. Through the phase angle relationship of these eight secondary windings, a 48-pulse power supply is formed.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, in the power supply device designed in the above manner, in at least one three-winding transformer, the phase shift angle of the output of the first secondary winding is θ+a, and the phase shift angle of the output of the second secondary winding is θ-a, where θ is the voltage angle of the AC power supply, and a is the offset. The two secondary windings are symmetrically structured, having the same number of turns in the basic winding and the phase-shifting winding, only their electrical connection methods are mirrored, thus simplifying the transformer design. As shown in Figure 4C, the power supply device includes two three-winding transformers. As shown, the primary windings of the two three-winding transformers use a star connection and are not phase-shifted. By phase-shifting the secondary windings, the phase shift angles of the first and second secondary windings of one three-winding transformer are θ+7.5° and θ-7.5°, respectively, and the phase shift angles of the first and second secondary windings of the other three-winding transformer are θ-22.5° and θ+22.5°, respectively. As can be seen, the phase shift angles are ordered from smallest to largest as θ-22.5°, θ-7.5°, θ+7.5°, and θ+22.5°. In this sequence, any two adjacent phase shift angles differ by 360° / (12n), i.e., there is a 15° phase difference. Through the phase angle relationship of these four secondary windings, a 24-pulse power supply is formed.

[0080] It should be noted that the phase angles corresponding to the above windings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. The angles of the relevant angles can be adjusted according to actual application needs, as long as the relative phase difference relationship is satisfied.

[0081] The power supply device provided in this embodiment does not perform phase shifting between the primary windings, but only between the secondary windings. This results in a phase shift angle sequence formed by arranging the phase shift angles between the secondary windings in ascending order. Each adjacent phase shift angle in this sequence has a phase difference of 360° / (12n), thereby achieving 12n-pulse rectification. Based on this, by employing a simple three-winding transformer and using phase shifting of the secondary windings to generate the required multi-pulse power supply, the structural complexity of the hydrogen production power supply can be effectively reduced, and manufacturing costs can be lowered.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 5 of this disclosure. Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 5 of this disclosure.

[0084] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B, in addition to improving its circuit structure, the power supply device also provides a cost optimization scheme. As shown, in some embodiments, the n three-winding transformers can be installed in the same housing to improve the integration of the power supply device, reduce material and manufacturing costs, simplify installation and maintenance processes, and reduce floor space. Simultaneously, the n three-winding transformers can share a single cooling system, thereby further reducing costs. This cooling system can be a cooling fan or a cooling oil circuit.

[0085] In this embodiment, the power supply device is composed of multiple three-winding transformers. Since three-winding transformer technology is mature, it can be used as both dry-type and oil-immersed transformers. Oil-immersed transformers use insulating oil as a cooling medium, providing better heat dissipation and allowing them to accommodate higher capacity and voltage levels.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG5A, the power supply device includes n three-winding transformers and n magnetic cores. Each three-winding transformer corresponds to one magnetic core. Each magnetic core includes three magnetic posts. The three-phase windings (A-phase winding, B-phase winding, and C-phase winding) of the three-winding transformer are respectively wound on one of the magnetic posts.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG5B, the power supply device includes n three-winding transformers and a magnetic core. The n primary windings, n first secondary windings, and n second secondary windings of the n three-winding transformers are wound around the same magnetic core. The magnetic core includes 3n magnetic posts. The three-phase windings (A-phase winding, B-phase winding, and C-phase winding) of each three-winding transformer are respectively wound around one of the magnetic posts.

[0088] Example 6

[0089] This disclosure also provides a power supply system comprising k power supply devices. These power supply devices can be any of the power supply devices described in Embodiments 1 to 5 above. The k*n primary windings of the k power supply devices are collectively coupled to the AC power supply. Furthermore, the outputs of the k power supply devices are collectively coupled to the load.

[0090] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of the power supply system according to Embodiment 6 of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, it includes k power supply devices, each of which includes two three-winding transformers, such as three-winding transformers 1a and 1b. The four secondary windings of the two three-winding transformers are phase-shifted to form a 24-pulse rectification. The power supply system provided by this embodiment increases the overall power of the power supply system by connecting multiple power supply devices in parallel, thereby meeting the power requirements of high-power hydrogen production.

[0091] Example 7

[0092] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of the power supply device according to Embodiment 7 of this disclosure.

[0093] As shown in Figure 7, the power supply device includes: n three-winding transformers, n first rectifier units, and n second rectifier units. Here, n is a positive integer.

[0094] Each of the n three-winding transformers includes a primary winding, a first secondary winding, and a second secondary winding. The primary windings of all n three-winding transformers are coupled to an AC power supply. There is a phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer. The setting of the secondary winding output phase is described in Embodiments 1 to 5, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] In these n first rectifier units, the input terminal of each first rectifier unit is electrically connected to the first and second secondary windings of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and is used to rectify the output current of the secondary winding. The output terminals of these n first rectifier units are commonly coupled to a first load. The first load may be an electrolyzer 1 used for hydrogen production.

[0096] In these n second rectifier units, the input terminal of each second rectifier unit is electrically connected to the first and second secondary windings of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and is used to rectify the output current of the secondary windings. The output terminals of these n second rectifier units are jointly coupled to a second load. This second load can be an electrolyzer 2 for hydrogen production.

[0097] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2A, the first or second rectifier unit includes a rectifier bridge and a DC-DC converter. Each rectifier unit corresponds to a three-winding transformer. The rectifier bridge includes a first rectifier bridge and a second rectifier bridge. The input terminal of the first rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the second rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The output terminals of the first and second rectifier bridges are connected in parallel to form a port. The input terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to this port, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the load.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2B, the first or second rectifier unit includes a rectifier bridge and a DC-DC converter. Each rectifier unit corresponds to a three-winding transformer. The rectifier bridge includes a first rectifier bridge and a second rectifier bridge. The input terminal of the first rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the second rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The output terminals of the first and second rectifier bridges are connected in series to form a port. The input terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to this port, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the load.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2C, the first or second rectifier unit includes a rectifier bridge and a DC-DC converter. Each rectifier unit corresponds to a three-winding transformer. The rectifier bridge includes a first rectifier bridge and a second rectifier bridge. The DC-DC converter includes a first DC-DC converter and a second DC-DC converter. The input terminal of the first rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the second rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The input terminal of the first DC-DC converter is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first rectifier bridge, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the load. The input terminal of the second DC-DC converter is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second rectifier bridge, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the load.

[0100] It should be noted that the circuit structure design of this rectifier unit can vary depending on the actual application requirements. This embodiment only provides a few feasible implementation methods and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, the phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer can be adjusted using the scheme provided in the foregoing embodiments, so that the power supply device achieves 12n-pulse rectification, where n is an even number. The relevant adjustment scheme has been described in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0102] In this embodiment, a single three-winding transformer is used, and two sets of rectifier units output multi-pulse power to different loads, improving the utilization rate of the three-winding transformer and increasing the flexibility of the power supply device. In practical applications, different sets of rectifier units can be connected and disconnected to flexibly switch power supply to different loads. It should be noted that the two sets of rectifier units in the above embodiment are only used as examples. In practical applications, multiple sets of rectifier units can be driven by the same three-winding transformer to output multi-pulse power to different loads according to actual needs.

[0103] Because multiple rectifier units share a single transformer, the number of transformers is reduced, system costs are lowered, and the structure is simplified. The power system is flexible in terms of capacity expansion; multiple parallel connections can simultaneously power one or more loads (such as electrolytic cells).

[0104] Example 8

[0105] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of the power supply system of Embodiment 8 of this disclosure.

[0106] As shown in Figure 8, the power supply system includes k power supply devices. These power supply devices can be any of the power supply devices described in Embodiment 7 above. The k*n primary windings of these k power supply devices are all coupled to the AC power supply. Furthermore, the outputs of the k*n first rectifier units are all coupled to the first load, and the outputs of the k*n second rectifier units are all coupled to the second load.

[0107] The power system provided in this disclosure improves the overall power of the power system by connecting multiple power devices in parallel, thereby meeting the power requirements for high-power hydrogen production.

[0108] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0109] In the description of the embodiments of the application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the application.

[0110] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the claims. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0111] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the application examples and are not intended to limit the application examples. For those skilled in the art, the application examples can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the application examples should be included within the protection scope of the application examples.

[0112] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0113] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power supply device, wherein, include: There are n three-winding transformers, each of which includes a primary winding, a first secondary winding, and a second secondary winding. The primary windings of the n three-winding transformers are all coupled to an AC power source, where n is a positive integer. as well as There are n rectifier units, the input terminal of each rectifier unit is electrically connected to the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the n rectifier units are coupled to a load. In each three-winding transformer, there is a phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding.

2. The power supply device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Each rectifier unit includes: The first rectifier bridge has its input terminal electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The second rectifier bridge has its input terminal electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the first rectifier bridge and the second rectifier bridge are connected in parallel or in series to form a port; and A DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the port, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load.

3. The power supply device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Each rectifier unit includes: The first rectifier bridge has its input terminal electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The first DC-DC converter has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the first rectifier bridge, and its output terminal electrically connected to the load. The second rectifier bridge, whose input terminal is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer; and The second DC-DC converter has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the second rectifier bridge, and its output terminal electrically connected to the load.

4. The power supply device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The primary winding of each three-winding transformer is an extended delta winding. The phase difference between the AC voltages transmitted between adjacent primary windings in the n three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), where n is an even number.

5. The power supply device as claimed in claim 4, wherein, In each three-winding transformer, the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are a star winding and a delta winding, respectively. The phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding is 30°. The phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the second secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n).

6. The power supply device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is adjusted so that the power supply device can achieve 12n pulse rectification, where n is an even number.

7. The power supply device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is 30°. The phase difference between the outputs of the first secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n), and the phase difference between the outputs of the second secondary winding in adjacent three-winding transformers is 360° / (12n).

8. The power supply device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is 360° / (12n). The phase difference between the output of the second secondary winding of the i-th three-winding transformer and the output of the first secondary winding of the (i+1)-th three-winding transformer is 360° / (12n), where i is an integer and 1≤i<n.

9. The power supply device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The first and second secondary windings of n three-winding transformers have a total of 2n phase shift angles. If these 2n phase shift angles are sorted from smallest to largest to form a sequence, any two adjacent phase shift angles in the sequence will differ by 360° / (12n).

10. The power supply device as claimed in claim 9, wherein, The phase difference between the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the i-th three-winding transformer is not equal to the phase difference between the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the j-th three-winding transformer, where i and j are integers, 1≤i<n, 1≤j<n, and i≠j.

11. The power supply device as claimed in claim 9, wherein, In at least one three-winding transformer, the phase shift angle of the output of the first secondary winding is θ+a, and the phase shift angle of the output of the second secondary winding is θ-a, where θ is the voltage angle of the AC power supply and a is the offset.

12. The power supply device as claimed in claims 1-11, wherein, The n three-winding transformers are located in the same housing.

13. The power supply device as claimed in claims 1-11, wherein, In this n three-winding transformer, the n primary windings, the n first secondary windings, and the n second secondary windings are wound around the same magnetic core.

14. A power supply system, wherein, include: k power supply devices according to claims 1-14, wherein k*n primary windings of the k power supply devices are jointly coupled to the AC power source, and the outputs of the k power supply devices are jointly coupled to the load.

15. A power supply device, wherein, include: There are n three-winding transformers, each including a primary winding, a first secondary winding, and a second secondary winding. The primary windings of all n three-winding transformers are coupled to an AC power source, where n is a positive integer; and There are n first rectifier units, the input terminal of each first rectifier unit is electrically connected to the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the n first rectifier units are jointly coupled to the first load. There are n second rectifier units, the input terminal of each second rectifier unit is electrically connected to the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the n second rectifier units are jointly coupled to the second load. In each three-winding transformer, there is a phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding.

16. The power supply device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, Each of the first rectifier unit or the second rectifier unit includes: The first rectifier bridge has its input terminal electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The second rectifier bridge has its input terminal electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer, and the output terminals of the first rectifier bridge and the second rectifier bridge are connected in parallel or in series to form a port; and A DC-DC converter, the input of which is electrically connected to the port, and the output of which is electrically connected to the load.

17. The power supply device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, Each of the first rectifier unit or the second rectifier unit includes: The first rectifier bridge has its input terminal electrically connected to the first secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer. The first DC-DC converter has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the first rectifier bridge, and its output terminal electrically connected to the load. The second rectifier bridge, whose input terminal is electrically connected to the second secondary winding of the corresponding three-winding transformer; and The second DC-DC converter has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the second rectifier bridge, and its output terminal electrically connected to the load.

18. The power supply device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, The phase difference between the output of the first secondary winding and the output of the second secondary winding of each three-winding transformer is adjusted so that the power supply device can achieve 12n pulse rectification, where n is an even number.

19. A power supply system, wherein, include: k power supply devices according to claims 15-18, wherein k*n primary windings of the k power supply devices are jointly coupled to the AC power supply, the outputs of k*n first rectifier units are jointly coupled to the first load, and the outputs of k*n second rectifier units are jointly coupled to the second load.

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