Methods and apparatuses for provisioning of broadcasted information
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/086231
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-03-28
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
Smart Images

Figure CN2026086231_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR PROVISIONING OF BROADCASTED INFORMATIONTechnical Field
[0001] Embodiments of the disclosure generally relate to communication, and, more particularly, to methods and apparatuses for provisioning of broadcasted information.Background
[0002] This section introduces aspects that may facilitate better understanding of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the statements of this section are to be read in this light and are not to be understood as admissions about what is in the prior art or what is not in the prior art.
[0003] Public Warning System (PWS) is an umbrella term covering the Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System (ETWS) , the Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) , European Union -Alert (EU-ALERT) , and the Korean Public Alert System (KPAS) . EU-ALERT and KPAS use the same access stratum (AS) -procedures (e.g. same system information blocks) as CMAS.
[0004] PWS is described as follows in chapter 16.4 of 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) technical specification (TS) 38.300 V18.2.0: NR connected to 5GC provides support for public warning systems (PWS) through means of system information broadcast capability. NR is responsible for scheduling and broadcasting of the warning messages as well as for paging the UE to provide indication that the warning message is being broadcast: · Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System: ETWS is a public warning system developed to meet the regulatory requirements for warning notifications related to earthquake and / or tsunami events (see TS 22.168
[0014] ) . ETWS warning notifications can either be a primary notification (short notification) or secondary notification (providing detailed information) . · Commercial Mobile Alert System: CMAS is a public warning system developed for the delivery of multiple, concurrent warning notifications (see TS 22.268
[0015] ) . Different SIBs are defined for ETWS primary notification, ETWS secondary notification and CMAS notification. Paging is used to inform UEs about ETWS indication and CMAS indication (see clause 9.2.5) . UE monitors ETWS / CMAS indication in its own paging occasion for RRC_IDLE and for RRC_INACTIVE while no SDT procedure (see clause 18.0) is ongoing. UE monitors ETWS / CMAS indication in any paging occasion for RRC Connected and during the SDT procedure in RRC_INACTIVE. Paging indicating ETWS / CMAS notification triggers acquisition of system information (without delaying until the next modification period) . Enhancements of public warning system (ePWS) enable broadcast of language-independent content and notifications to UEs with no user interface or with a user interface that is incapable of displaying text, see clause 9 in TS 22.268
[0015] and TS 23.041
[0054] . ETWS / CMAS notifications with ePWS functionality use the same AS mechanisms as ETWS / CMAS. KPAS and EU-Alert are public warning systems developed for the delivery of multiple, concurrent warning notifications (see TS 22.268
[0015] ) . KPAS and EU-Alert uses the same AS mechanisms as CMAS. Therefore, the NR procedures defined for CMAS equally apply for KPAS and EU-Alert.
[0005] And for long term evolution (LTE) , PWS is described as follows in chapter 23.3 of 3GPP TS 36.300 V18.4.0: 23.3 E-UTRAN Support for Warning Systems 23.3.0 General The E-UTRAN provides support for warning systems through means of system information broadcast capability. The E-UTRAN performs scheduling and broadcasting of the "warning message content" received from the CBC, which is forwarded to the E-UTRAN by the MME. The schedule information for the broadcast is received along with the "warning message content" from the CBC. The E-UTRAN is also responsible for paging the UE to provide indication that the warning notification is being broadcast. The "warning message content" received by the E-UTRAN contains an instance of the warning notification. Depending on the size, E-UTRAN may segment the secondary notification before sending it over the radio interface. 23.3.1 Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System ETWS is a public warning system developed to meet the regulatory requirements for warning notifications related to earthquake and / or tsunami events. ETWS warning notifications can either be a primary notification (short notifications delivered within 4 seconds, see TS 22.168
[0037] ) or secondary notification (providing detailed information) . The ETWS primary notification is broadcast in SystemInformationBlockType10 while the secondary notification is broadcast in SystemInformationBlockType11. 23.3.2 Commercial Mobile Alert System CMAS is a public warning system developed for the delivery of multiple, concurrent warning notifications (see TS 22.268
[0034] ) . The CMAS warning notifications are short text messages (CMAS alerts) . The CMAS warning notifications are broadcast in SystemInformationBlockType12. The E-UTRAN manages the delivery of multiple, concurrent CMAS warning notifications to the UE and is also responsible for handling any updates of CMAS warning notifications. 23.3.3 Korean Public Alert System KPAS is a Korean public warning system developed for the delivery of multiple, concurrent warning notifications (see TS 22.268
[0034] ) . The Korean Public Alarm System (KPAS) uses the same AS mechanisms as CMAS. Therefore, the E-UTRAN procedures defined for CMAS equally apply for KPAS. 23.3.4 EU-Alert The European Union Warning System EU-Alert is a public warning system developed for the delivery of multiple, concurrent warning notifications (see TS 22.268
[0034] ) . The EU-Alert warning system uses the same AS mechanisms as CMAS. Therefore, the E-UTRAN procedures defined for CMAS equally apply for EU-Alert.
[0006] When a user equipment (UE) receives a PWS notification, it is supposed to notify the user of the UE, e.g. using visual signals (e.g. a displayed message) and / or audio signals.
[0007] Both ETWS and CMAS notifications are delivered via the system information. CMAS is delivered in system information block 8 (SIB8) / system information block 12 (SIB12) while ETWS is delivered in SIB6 / SIB10 and SIB7 / SIB11 (for new radio (NR) / LTE respectively) , where SIB6 / SIB10 carries the ETWS primary notification (which contains the most essential / critical information) and SIB7 / SIB11 carries the ETWS secondary notification (which provides complementing additional information) . The UE is supposed to immediately notify / alert the user of the UE of the information in the primary notification without waiting for the secondary notification. To this end, the primary notification is designed for urgent delivery of relatively small amounts of information.Summary
[0008] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0009] One of the objects of the disclosure is to provide an improved solution for provisioning of broadcasted information. In particular, one of the problems to be solved by the disclosure is that user equipments (UEs) in RRC_CONNECTED cannot receive broadcasted information (e.g. PWS notification) .
[0010] According to a first aspect of the disclosure, a method at a terminal device is provided. The method comprises receiving, from a network node, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information. The method further comprises obtaining the one or more broadcasted information.
[0011] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first indication may be received in or together with a message for indicating the terminal device to transition to the non-connected mode.
[0012] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise transitioning to the non-connected mode. The obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information may be performed after transitioning to the non-connected mode.
[0013] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise remaining in the non-connected mode at least until the one or more broadcasted information is received or until a first time period has elapsed since the receiving of the first indication.
[0014] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise transitioning to the connected mode from the non-connected mode when the terminal device needs to communicate data which has a delay requirement, or when no information has been received during the first time period.
[0015] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first time period may be contained in the first indication, or determined by the terminal device, or specified in a technical specification.
[0016] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise at least one of: notifying to the network node that the terminal device is ready for continuing connected mode operations, when the obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information has been finished; and continuing connected mode operations when a second time period has elapsed since the receiving of the second indication.
[0017] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the second time period may be contained in the second indication, or determined by the terminal device, or specified in a technical specification.
[0018] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the active scheduling gap configuration or the third indication may be received. The obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information may be performed within scheduling gaps indicated in the scheduling gap configuration.
[0019] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise transmitting, to the network node, a fourth indication that the scheduling gap configuration becomes inactive, when the obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information has been finished.
[0020] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling may contain first information. Obtaining the one or more broadcasted information may comprise obtaining the first information from the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling.
[0021] In an embodiment of the disclosure, obtaining the one or more broadcasted information may comprise receiving first information from corresponding broadcasted system information message.
[0022] In an embodiment of the disclosure, first scheduling information for the first information may be contained in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling. The first information may be obtained based on the first scheduling information, without obtaining system information block 1 (SIB1) .
[0023] In an embodiment of the disclosure, obtaining the one or more broadcasted information may further comprise receiving at least one second information from corresponding broadcasted system information message.
[0024] In an embodiment of the disclosure, second scheduling information for the at least one second information may be contained in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling. The at least one second information may be obtained based on the second scheduling information, without obtaining SIB1.
[0025] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the obtaining or receiving of the first information may be performed prior to the obtaining of the at least one second information.
[0026] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling may indicate that there is no at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides first information. Obtaining the one or more broadcasted information may comprise skipping obtaining of SIB1 and system information block predefined to carry the at least one second information.
[0027] In an embodiment of the disclosure, an indication of whether there is at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides first information may be absent in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling. Obtaining the one or more broadcasted information may comprise one of: skipping obtaining of SIB1 and system information block predefined to carry the at least one second information; and obtaining SIB1 and determining whether there is at least one second information based on SIB1.
[0028] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise transmitting, to the network node, a fifth indication indicating whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode.
[0029] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise transmitting, to the network node, a sixth indication indicating an interest of the terminal device in receiving one or more broadcasted information.
[0030] According to a second aspect of the disclosure, a method at a network node is provided. The method comprises transmitting, to a terminal device, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information.
[0031] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise broadcasting the one or more information.
[0032] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first indication may be transmitted in or together with a message for indicating the terminal device to transition to the non-connected mode.
[0033] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first indication may contain a first time period defining a maximum time period within which the terminal device can remain in the non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information.
[0034] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise at least one of: receiving, from the terminal device, a notification that the terminal device is ready for continuing connected mode operations; and continuing scheduling for the terminal device, when a second time period has elapsed since the transmitting of the second indication.
[0035] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the second time period may be contained in the second indication.
[0036] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the active scheduling gap configuration or the third indication may be transmitted. The method may further comprise receiving, from the terminal device, a fourth indication that the scheduling gap configuration becomes inactive.
[0037] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise receiving, from the terminal device, a fifth indication indicating whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode.
[0038] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise receiving, from the terminal device, a sixth indication indicating an interest of the terminal device in receiving one or more broadcasted information.
[0039] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the method may further comprise determining whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode and / or whether the terminal device is interested in receiving one or more broadcasted information. The method may further comprise transmitting the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling to the terminal device when determining that the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode and / or the terminal device is interested in receiving one or more broadcasted information.
[0040] According to the above first or second aspect of the disclosure, in some embodiments, the first indication may indicate that a cause for the transitioning is to receive one or more broadcasted information.
[0041] According to the above first or second aspect of the disclosure, in some embodiments, the second indication may indicate the terminal device to stop current connected mode operations of the terminal device and to obtain one or more broadcasted information.
[0042] According to the above first or second aspect of the disclosure, in some embodiments, the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling may contain one or more of: time-critical information about the one or more broadcasted information; first information in the one or more broadcasted information; first scheduling information for the first information; whether there is at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides the first information; second scheduling information for the at least one second information in a case where there is the at least one second information; and a scheduling and mapping configuration of system information messages.
[0043] According to the above first or second aspect of the disclosure, in some embodiments, the one or more broadcasted information may be related to a service.
[0044] According to the above first or second aspect of the disclosure, in some embodiments, the service may comprise public warning system (PWS) service.
[0045] According to the above first or second aspect of the disclosure, in some embodiments, the non-connected mode may comprise one of: a radio resource control (RRC) idle mode; and an RRC inactive mode.
[0046] According to a third aspect of the disclosure, a terminal device is provided. The terminal device comprises processing circuitry and a memory. The processing circuitry is configured to receive, from a network node, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information. The processing circuitry is further configured to obtain the one or more broadcasted information.
[0047] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the processing circuitry may be configured to perform the method according to the above first aspect.
[0048] According to a fourth aspect of the disclosure, a network node is provided. The network node comprises processing circuitry and a memory. The processing circuitry is configured to transmit, to a terminal device, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information.
[0049] In an embodiment of the disclosure, the processing circuitry may be configured to perform the method according to the above second aspect.
[0050] According to a fifth aspect of the disclosure, a computer program is provided. The computer program comprises instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to carry out the method according to any of the above first and second aspects.
[0051] According to a sixth aspect of the disclosure, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product comprises instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to carry out the method according to any of the above first and second aspects.
[0052] According to a seventh aspect of the disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided. The computer-readable medium comprises instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to carry out the method according to any of the above first and second aspects.
[0053] According to an eighth aspect of the disclosure, a carrier is provided. The carrier contains the computer program according to the above fifth aspect. The carrier is one of an electronic signal, optical signal, radio signal, or computer-readable medium.
[0054] According to a ninth aspect of the disclosure, a method implemented in a communication system is provided. The communication system may include a terminal device and a network node. The method may comprise steps of the method according to the above first aspect and steps of the method according to the above second aspect.
[0055] According to a tenth aspect of the disclosure, a communication system is provided. The communication system may include a terminal device according to the above third aspect and a network node according to the above fourth aspect.
[0056] With any one of the above first to tenth aspects, terminal devices which are incapable of broadcast reception in connected mode, but capable of broadcast reception in non-connected mode can receive broadcasted information in a timely manner.Brief Description of the Drawings
[0057] These and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments thereof, which are to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
[0058] FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 are flowcharts each illustrating a method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
[0059] FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 are flowcharts each illustrating a method performed by a network node according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
[0060] FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus suitable for use in practicing some embodiments of the disclosure;
[0061] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a communication system in accordance with some embodiments;
[0062] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a UE in accordance with some embodiments;
[0063] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a network node in accordance with some embodiments; and
[0064] FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment in which functions implemented by some embodiments may be virtualized.Detailed Description
[0065] For the purpose of explanation, details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments disclosed. It is apparent, however, to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented without these specific details or with an equivalent arrangement.
[0066] Radio access network 2 (RAN2) will enable the delivery of public warning system (PWS) notifications to Narrowband –Internet of Things (NB-IoT) UEs. Presently, RAN2 has agreed to support the indication via paging and direct message for UEs in RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE. Regarding UEs in RRC_CONNECTED, RAN2 has asked RAN1 whether it would be possible to support them within Release 19 timeframe. Finally, RAN plenary was involved and decided to limit the scope with the following note: “Note: PWS notifications in paging, direct indication, and system information in RRC connected mode is not supported” .
[0067] In this way, it has been decided that UEs in RRC_CONNECTED cannot receive the broadcast indication in the same way as legacy LTE UEs. Provided that a NB-IoT UE does not monitor changes to system information broadcast when it is in RRC_CONNECTED state, an option would be for the network to release the radio resource control (RRC) connection. However, without any enhancements, this process entails a long delay due to the message delivery time (dependent on the number of repetitions) and the additional 10 seconds wait before processing the message. See section 5.3.8.3 of TS 36.331 V18.3.1 as shown below: 1> for NB-IoT, delay the following actions defined in this clause 10 seconds from the moment the RRCConnectionRelease message was received or optionally when lower layers indicate that the receipt of the RRCConnectionRelease message has been successfully acknowledged, whichever is earlier.
[0068] The timely delivery of broadcast indications is fundamental to secure user experience. For instance, in case of an emergency notification, it is critical that the UE provides the tsunami alert before the wave arrives to the coast. In this way, it is expected that a UE connected to the network should have better performance and less latency than a UE without a connection. Therefore, it is desirable to have a solution that sets the associated delivery delays in both RRC connection states on par.
[0069] The present disclosure proposes an improved solution for provisioning of broadcasted information. The solution may be applicable to a communication system including a terminal device and a network node (e.g. a radio access network (RAN) node) . The terminal device can communicate through a radio or wireless access communication link with the network node. The network node can provide radio or wireless access communication links to terminal devices that are within its communication service cell. Note that the communications may be performed between the terminal device and the network node according to any suitable communication standards and protocols.
[0070] The term terminal device may also be referred to as, for example, device, access terminal, user equipment (UE) , mobile station, mobile unit, subscriber station, or the like. It may refer to any end device that can access a wireless communication network and receive services therefrom. By way of example and not limitation, the terminal device may include a portable computer, an image capture terminal device such as a digital camera, a gaming terminal device, a music storage and playback appliance, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a tablet, a wearable device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , or the like.
[0071] In an Internet of things (IoT) scenario (e.g. a narrow-band IoT (NB-IoT) scenario) , the terminal device may represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and / or measurements, and transmits the results of such monitoring and / or measurements to another terminal device and / or a network equipment. As an example, the terminal device may be a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, which may, in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) context, be referred to as a machine-type communication (MTC) device. Particular examples of such machines or devices may include sensors, metering devices such as power meters, industrial machineries, bikes, vehicles, or home or personal appliances, e.g. refrigerators, televisions, personal wearables such as watches, and so on.
[0072] Examples of the network node include a node B (NodeB) , a base station (BS) , a multi-standard radio (MSR) radio node such as MSR BS, an evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation Node B (gNodeB or gNB) , a master eNodeB (MeNB) , a secondary eNodeB (SeNB) , a location measurement unit (LMU) , an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, a network controller, a radio network controller (RNC) , a base station controller (BSC) , a relay, an IAB, a repeater, a donor node controlling relay, a base transceiver station (BTS) , a central unit (e.g. in a gNB) , a distributed unit (e.g. in a gNB) , a baseband unit, a centralized baseband, a cloud RAN (C-RAN) , an access point (AP) , a transmission point, a transmission node, a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a remote radio header (RRH) , a node in distributed antenna system (DAS) , a core network node (e.g. mobile switching center (MCS) , mobility management entity (MME) , etc. ) , operation and maintenance (O&M) , operations support system (OSS) , self-organizing network (SON) , positioning node (e.g. evolved serving mobile location center (E-SMLC) ) , etc. Note that at least part of the components of the network node may be implemented either as a network element on a dedicated hardware, as a software instance running on a dedicated hardware, or as a virtualized function instantiated on an appropriate platform, e.g. on a cloud infrastructure.
[0073] As used herein, the term “communication system” refers to a system following any suitable communication standards, such as the first generation (1G) , 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G, 5G, 6G communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. The specific terms used herein do not limit the present disclosure only to the communication system related to the specific terms, which however can be more generally applied to other communication systems.
[0074] Hereinafter, the solutions of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGs. 1-15.
[0075] FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. At block 102, the terminal device receives, from a network node, one or of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information. At block 104, the terminal device obtains the one or more broadcasted information.
[0076] For example, the connected mode may be an RRC connected mode. The non-connected mode may be an operation mode in which the terminal device can receive broadcasted information. Examples of the non-connected mode may comprise, but not limited to, an RRC idle mode and an RRC inactive mode. The one or more broadcasted information may be related to a service (e.g. the broadcasted information may be notification (s) or message (s) related to the service) . As an exemplary example, the service may be public warning system (PWS) service and the broadcasted information may be PWS notification (s) or PWS message (s) .
[0077] As a first option, the first indication is received at block 102. The first indication may indicate that a cause for the transitioning is to receive one or more broadcasted information. For the example of PWS service, the cause may be represented as e.g. “ETWS-indication” or “CMAS-indication” . The first indication may be received in or together with a message for indicating the terminal device to transition to the non-connected mode (e.g. an RRCConnectionRelease-NB message) . In response to the first indication, the one or more broadcasted information is obtained at block 104. More details for the first option will be described later with respect to FIG. 2.
[0078] As a second option, the second indication is received. The second indication may indicate the terminal device to stop current connected mode operations of the terminal device and to obtain one or more broadcasted information. In response to the second indication, the one or more broadcasted information is obtained at block 104. More details for the second option will be described later with respect to FIG. 3.
[0079] As a third option, an active scheduling gap configuration or the third indication is received. A scheduling gap configuration may contain a length of the scheduling gap and, optionally, an initial offset and a periodicity of the scheduling gap. In response to the active scheduling gap configuration or the third indication, the one or more broadcasted information is obtained at block 104. More details for the third option will be described later with respect to FIG. 4.
[0080] As a fourth option, the dedicated signaling is received at block 102. In response to the dedicated signaling, the one or more broadcasted information is obtained at block 104. For the fourth option, the terminal device may either transition to the non-connected mode or remain in the connected mode to receive the one or more broadcasted information. Note that it is possible that any two or more of the above four options may be used in combination as appropriate.
[0081] With the method of FIG. 1, terminal devices which are incapable of broadcast reception in connected mode, but capable of broadcast reception in non-connected mode can receive broadcasted information in a timely manner.
[0082] FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The method of FIG. 2 corresponds to the first option described above with respect to FIG. 1. At block 102, the terminal device receives, from a network node, a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information. At block 206, the terminal device transitions to the non-connected mode. At block 104, the terminal device obtains the one or more broadcasted information. As an exemplary example, the obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information at block 104 may be performed after transitioning to the non-connected mode at block 206.
[0083] At block 208, the terminal device remains in the non-connected mode at least until the one or more broadcasted information is received or until a first time period has elapsed since the receiving of the first indication. As an example, the first time period may be contained in the first indication. As another example, the first time period may be determined by the terminal device. As yet another example, the first time period may be specified in a technical specification.
[0084] At block 210, the terminal device transitions to the connected mode from the non-connected mode when the terminal device needs to communicate data which has a delay requirement, or when no information has been received during the first time period. The delay requirement of the data needed to be communicated may be stricter than a predetermined level of delay requirement. As an exemplary example, the data needed to be communicated may be urgent data. With block 210, it is possible to prevent the terminal device from remaining in the non-connected mode forever.
[0085] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The method of FIG. 3 corresponds to the second option described above with respect to FIG. 1. At block 102, the terminal device receives, from a network node, a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information. At block 104, the terminal device obtains the one or more broadcasted information. For example, the network node may be configured not to perform scheduling for the terminal device after transmitting the second indication to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device may assume that it will not be scheduled by the network node subsequently.
[0086] At block 312, the terminal device notifies to the network node that the terminal device is ready for continuing connected mode operations, when the obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information has been finished. In response to this notification, the network node may continue scheduling for the terminal device.
[0087] Alternatively, at block 314, the terminal device continuing connected mode operations when a second time period has elapsed since the receiving of the second indication. Correspondingly, the network node may continue scheduling for the terminal device when the second time period has elapsed since the transmitting of the second indication. As an example, the second time period may be contained in the second indication. As another example, the second time period may be determined by the terminal device. As yet another example, the second time period may be specified in a technical specification. With either one of blocks 312 and 314, the connected mode operations of the terminal device can be resumed properly.
[0088] FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The method of FIG. 4 corresponds to the third option described above with respect to FIG. 1. At block 102, the terminal device receives, from a network node, an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active. At block 104, the terminal device obtains the one or more broadcasted information. In this case, the obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information may be performed within scheduling gaps indicated in the scheduling gap configuration.
[0089] At block 416, the terminal device transmits, to the network node, a fourth indication that the scheduling gap configuration becomes inactive, when the obtaining of the one or more broadcasted information has been finished. With block 416, the connected mode operations of the terminal device can be resumed properly.
[0090] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The method of FIG. 5 may apply to the first to fourth options described above. In the method of FIG. 5, the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling described above may optionally contain one or more of: time-critical information about the one or more broadcasted information; first information in the one or more broadcasted information; first scheduling information for the first information; whether there is at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides the first information; second scheduling information for the at least one second information in a case where there is the at least one second information; and a scheduling and mapping configuration of system information messages. In the above PWS service example, the first information may be a primary PWS notification and the second information may be a secondary PWS notification. The above listed information may also be called assistance information for assisting the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information. If any assistance information is contained in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling, the terminal device may obtain the one or more broadcasted information based on the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling.
[0091] At block 102, the terminal device receives, from a network node, one or of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information.
[0092] At block 518, in a case where the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling contains first information, the terminal device obtains the first information from the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling.
[0093] Alternatively, at block 520, the terminal device receives the first information from corresponding broadcasted system information message. This may correspond to the case where the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling does not contain the first information. Optionally, if first scheduling information for the first information is contained in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling, the first information may be received based on the first scheduling information, without obtaining system information block 1 (SIB1) .
[0094] At block 522, in a case where the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling indicates that there is at least one second information, the terminal device receives the at least one second information from corresponding broadcasted system information message. Optionally, if second scheduling information for the at least one second information is contained in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling, the at least one second information may be received based on the second scheduling information, without obtaining SIB1. For example, the obtaining or receiving of the first information at block 518 or 520 is performed prior to the obtaining of the at least one second information at block 522. In this way, the first information (e.g. the primary PWS notification) may be preferentially obtained by the terminal device over the second information (e.g. secondary PWS notification (s) ) .
[0095] At block 524, in a case where the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling indicates that there is no at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides first information, the terminal device skips obtaining of SIB1 and system information block predefined to carry the at least one second information.
[0096] At block 526, in a case where an indication of whether there is at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides first information is absent in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling, the terminal device skips obtaining of SIB1 and system information block predefined to carry the at least one second information. Alternatively, the terminal device obtains SIB1 at block 528 and determines whether there is at least one second information based on SIB1 at block 530. If there is the at least one second information, the terminal device may obtain the at least one second information.
[0097] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. At block 632, the terminal device transmits, to the network node, a fifth indication indicating whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode. At block 634, the terminal device transmits, to the network node, a sixth indication indicating an interest of the terminal device in receiving one or more broadcasted information. With the method of FIG. 6, the network node can be allowed to request only those qualified terminal devices to receive one or more broadcasted information.
[0098] FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a network node according to an embodiment of the disclosure. At block 702, the network node transmits, to a terminal device, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information. For example, the first indication may contain a first time period defining a maximum time period within which the terminal device can remain in the non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information. The first indication may be transmitted in or together with a message for indicating the terminal device to transition to the non-connected mode. Other details of block 702 can be found from the description about block 102 of FIG. 1 since block 702 corresponds to block 102 of FIG. 1. With the method of FIG. 7, the same effect as the method of FIG. 1 can be achieved.
[0099] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a network node according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The method of FIG. 8 corresponds to the second option described above with respect to FIG. 1. At block 702, the network node transmits, to a terminal device, a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information. At block 804, the network node receives, from the terminal device, a notification that the terminal device is ready for continuing connected mode operations. In response to this notification, the network node may continue scheduling for the terminal device.
[0100] Alternatively, at block 806, the network node continues scheduling for the terminal device, when a second time period has elapsed since the transmitting of the second indication. As an example, the second time period may be contained in the second indication. With either one of blocks 804 and 806, the connected mode operations of the terminal device can be resumed properly.
[0101] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a network node according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The method of FIG. 9 corresponds to the third option described above with respect to FIG. 1. At block 702, the network node transmits, to a terminal device, an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active. At block 908, the network node receives, from the terminal device, a fourth indication that the scheduling gap configuration becomes inactive. With block 908, the connected mode operations of the terminal device can be resumed properly.
[0102] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a network node according to an embodiment of the disclosure. At block 1010, the network node receives, from the terminal device, a fifth indication indicating whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode. At block 1012, the network node receives, from the terminal device, a sixth indication indicating an interest of the terminal device in receiving one or more broadcasted information.
[0103] At block 1014, the network node determines whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode and / or whether the terminal device is interested in receiving one or more broadcasted information. At block 1016, the network node transmits the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling to the terminal device when determining that the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode and / or the terminal device is interested in receiving one or more broadcasted information. At block 1018, the network node broadcasts the one or more information. With blocks 1010 to 1016, the network node can be allowed to request only those qualified terminal devices to receive one or more broadcasted information.
[0104] Next, several embodiments will be described to further explain the solutions of the present disclosure.
[0105] Herein, IDLE mode is used as an example of a mode where the UE can receive certain broadcasted messages, e.g. messages broadcasted in system information such as PWS messages. However, this is just a (non-limiting) example and the present disclosure could be applied to an INACTIVE mode or another similar mode.
[0106] Network indicates that UEs shall leave to IDLE to receive broadcasted indication In one embodiment, a network indicates to a UE which is released to IDLE mode that cause for the release is to receive a broadcasted message. This cause-indication may be provided together with the message which is telling the UE to transition to IDLE mode (e.g. an RRC release message) .
[0107] There may be different such indications for different type of broadcasted messages, for example one indication for ETWS-messages, and another indication for CMAS-messages. The network would send the indication depending on which type of broadcast message the network will send.
[0108] The UE may in response to receiving such indication take an action to receive a broadcasted message. Note that the UE may take this action after the UE has moved to IDLE mode. The UE may take action to receive the type of broadcasted message that the network indicated, i.e. attempt to receive ETWS if the network indicated that it is an ETWS message which the UE shall receive and receive CMAS if the network indicated that it is a CMAS message which the UE shall receive. In case there is no type-specific indication from the network (ETWS vs. CMAS) , the UE may attempt to receive either of the message types.
[0109] The UE may in response to receiving such cause-indication remain in IDLE mode until the UE has received the broadcasted message. This means that even if other events would suggest that the UE shall initiate a connection to the network (i.e. go to CONNECTED) , the UE would refrain from doing so.
[0110] Another approach is that the UE remains in IDLE until a certain time T has passed.
[0111] The UE may attempt to receive the broadcasted message or any container wherein such message would be carried, only if the UE is capable of and / or if interested in receiving the broadcasted message. For example if the UE is not capable of receiving an ETWS message, the UE may, even if indicated by the network, skip acquiring a system information block where such ETWS message is carried. And avoid any other procedure needed for the purpose of receiving the ETWS, e.g. avoid receiving scheduling information (system information block 1 (SIB1) ) for the message carrying ETWS.
[0112] Exceptions Some exceptions may be applied to the above rule of having to remain in IDLE until the broadcasted message has been received.
[0113] One exception is that the UE is intending to communicate data of a certain type, e.g. urgent data. Urgent data may be data which has certain delay requirements or data which is of emergency characteristics, etc.
[0114] Another exception may be that the UE has not received any broadcast indication within a time T after the UE has been released. This has the benefit that if for some reason the broadcast message is not received (within reasonable time) the UE will not remain in IDLE forever. It may be so that the broadcasted message was missed by the UE, or that the network for some reason decides to not send the indication even if it already has released UEs to IDLE. The time T may be indicated to the UE by the network. For example it may be indicated together with the cause indication. Another approach is that the value for T is specified in a specification. Another approach is that the UE itself decides the value of T.
[0115] Network selection of which UEs to release The network may only release certain UEs which would be relevant to be released.
[0116] The network may consider only UEs which are capable of receiving such broadcasted indications. It may be so that certain UEs have not implemented relevant functionality required to receive such broadcasted information and those UEs would not be released by the network.
[0117] That the UE is capable of receiving the broadcasted indication may be determined based on a capability indication sent by the UE to the network. This capability indication may be an explicit indication, i.e. an indication saying whether the UE can receive relevant broadcasted indications in IDLE mode. Another approach is that it is implicit, e.g. that the release of the UE is of a certain number or later, e.g. any UE which is a Rel-20 or later UE may be assumed to support this, alternatively UEs of a certain UE type, etc.
[0118] The network may only consider UEs which have indicated an interest to receive such broadcasted indications. For example, even if the UE is capable of receiving a certain type of broadcasted indication, the UE may not be interested in doing so. Consider for example that a particular type of UE is capable of receiving broadcasted indications and this type of UE is used in different types of devices. For example, the type of UE is used both in vending machines and used in phones. It may be so that the vending machines are not interested in receiving the broadcasted indications since it would not be relevant for them but if the same type of UE is used in a phone, then the broadcasted indications may be relevant.
[0119] Network indicates that UEs shall remain in CONNECTED to receive the broadcast information
[0120] In one embodiment, the network indicates to a UE that a broadcast message is being transmitted and commands the UE to stop its current CONNECTED mode operations (e.g., connected-mode discontinuous reception (c-DRX) ) and to attempt to acquire the broadcast message.
[0121] Upon receiving such indication, the UE stops its CONNECTED mode operations such as c-DRX or the monitoring of a dedicated search space and starts acquiring the indicated broadcast message. During the time when the broadcast message is present, the UE may assume it will not be scheduled.
[0122] In a variant, the UE may inform the network, e.g., performing a random access or through a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) , when it has completed the acquisition of the broadcast message and it is ready to continue its CONNECTED operations (e.g., start monitoring its dedicated search space) .
[0123] In another embodiment, the network includes a time value T in the abovementioned indication. Upon reception, the UE starts a timer with the value T as its duration and starts the acquisition of the broadcast message. When the timer expires, the UE continues with its CONNECTED mode operations.
[0124] Network activates a pre-configured scheduling gap to read the broadcast indication In one embodiment, the network configures a UE with an inactive scheduling gap to receive a broadcast message. In the configuration message, the network provides the length of the scheduling gap and, optionally, the network may also include an initial offset and a periodicity.
[0125] When the broadcast message is transmitted, the network indicates to the UE that the previously configured scheduling gap should change its status from inactive to active. During the pre-configured scheduling gap, the UE is allowed to stop its CONNECTED mode operations and acquire the broadcast message. The UE can assume that it will not be scheduled during this time. After the gap duration is finished and / or the UE has acquired the broadcast message, the UE changes the status of the gap to inactive and continues with its CONNECTED mode operations.
[0126] Assistance information In addition to the indication to receive a broadcast message, the network may provide assistance information in dedicated signaling to the UE to expedite the reception of such message. For example, it may include the scheduling and mapping configuration of system information messages so that the UE can skip the need to acquire SIB1 acquisition.
[0127] In one option, only the scheduling info for ETWS primary SIB (-NB) is included in dedicated signaling. Optionally the signaling also indicates whether there are other PWS notification (s) (i.e., ETWS secondary notification and / or CMAS notification) being delivered w / o the scheduling info for those PWS notification (s) . Besides acquiring ETWS primary SIB (-NB) after entering RRC idle, if the said message indicates there are other PWS notification (s) being delivered, the UE acquires SIB1 to obtain the scheduling info for the other PWS SIB (-NB) and then acquires the other PWS notification (s) in the relevant PWS SIB (-NB) . In this procedure, the UE prioritizes acquiring ETWS primary notification, e.g., it may start acquiring SIB1 after acquiring ETWS primary notification. If the said signaling indicates there are no other PWS notification (s) being delivered, the UE skips acquiring SIB1 (unless it was notified that some SIB (s) are modified) and the other PWS SIB (-NB) . If the said message does not indicate whether there are other PWS notification (s) being delivered, the UE may take actions as if there are no other PWS notification (s) being delivered or acquires SIB1 to check if the scheduling info for the other PWS SIB (-NB) is present. If that is the case, the UE acquires the other PWS notification (s) in the relevant PWS SIB (-NB) . Which option to take may be indicated by the network (NW) or predefined in the technical specification.
[0128] For NB-IoT UE, it may release the RRC connection within 10 seconds (e.g., as soon as it decodes the said scheduling info) .
[0129] In another embodiment, the dedicated indication to receive a broadcast message may also contain urgent / time-critical information regarding the broadcast message. For instance, in ETWS and PWS services, the network may directly include some of the contents of the primary notification in the message (e.g., type of emergency) . In an alternative, combined with the previous embodiment, the network may include time-critical information regarding the broadcast message along with the scheduling and mapping configuration information to facilitate the acquisition of the broadcast message.
[0130] In one option, the dedicated indication includes the ETWS primary notification and also indicates whether there are other PWS notification (s) (i.e., ETWS secondary notification and / or CMAS notification) being delivered and / or the scheduling info of those other PWS SIB (-NB) if the SIB is being transmitted. When receiving said indication, the UE first acquires the ETWS primary notification included in the said indication. After that, if there are other PWS notification (s) to be acquired according to said indication, the UE releases RRC connection and go to RRC idle to acquire those PWS notification (s) . If the scheduling info of the corresponding PWS SIB (-NB) is provided in said signaling, the UE acquires those PWS notification (s) w / o first acquiring SIB1. If said indication indicates there are no other PWS notification (s) being delivered or the corresponding PWS SIB (-NB) is not transmitted, the UE may stay in RRC connected in case the said indication is not included in RRCConnectionRelease, and in case the UE goes to RRC idle (e.g., when the said indication is included in RRCConnectionRelease) , the UE skips acquiring SIB1 (unless it was notified that some SIB (s) are modified) and the other PWS SIB (-NB) .
[0131] For NB-IoT UE, it may release the RRC connection (if needed) after more than 10 seconds to complete acquiring ETWS primary notification and other ongoing procedure (s) .
[0132] In an embodiment, there may be scenarios in which both a primary and secondary notification are sent. In those scenarios, the most time-critical information (the primary notification or parts of which) could be added (in addition) to the main indication (which refers to the existence of a broadcast message) .
[0133] In an embodiment, the assistance info related to PWS notification is included in the dedicated signaling. The assistance info may comprise one or more of following contents: e.g., the time critical PWS notification itself, there is (non time critical) PWS notification being delivered in broadcast message (i.e., SIB) , how to receive (non time critical) PWS notification delivered in SIB (after the UE is released to RRC idle) , etc.
[0134] Example implementation in the technical specifications Below are excerpts of 3GPP TS 36.300 v18.4.0 where changes have been added (with underlined text) showing how to implement some of the embodiments described above.
[0135] In Example 1, UE acquires broadcasted messages (ETWS or CMAS) in response to corresponding indications in RRC release message. 5.2.2.4 System information acquisition by the UE The UE shall: 1> apply the specified BCCH configuration defined in 9.1.1.1 or BR-BCCH configuration defined in 9.1.1.8; 1> if the procedure is triggered by a system information change notification: 2> if the UE uses an idle DRX cycle longer than the modification period: 3> start acquiring the required system information, as defined in 5.2.2.3, from the next eDRX acquisition period boundary; 2> else 3> start acquiring the required system information, as defined in 5.2.2.3, from the beginning of the modification period following the one in which the change notification was received; NOTE 1: The UE continues using the previously received system information until the new system information has been acquired. 1> if the UE is in RRC_IDLE and enters a cell for which the UE does not have stored a valid version of the system information required in RRC_IDLE, as defined in 5.2.2.3: 2> acquire, using the system information acquisition procedure as defined in 5.2.3, the system information required in RRC_IDLE, as defined in 5.2.2.3; 1> following successful handover completion to a PCell for which the UE does not have stored a valid version of the system information required in RRC_CONNECTED, as defined in 5.2.2.3: 2> acquire, using the system information acquisition procedure as defined in 5.2.3, the system information required in RRC_CONNECTED, as defined in 5.2.2.3; 2> upon acquiring the concerned system information: 3> discard the corresponding radio resource configuration information included in the radioResourceConfigCommon previously received in a dedicated message, if any; 1> following a request from CDMA2000 upper layers: 2> acquire SystemInformationBlockType8, as defined in 5.2.3; 1> neither initiate the RRC connection establishment / resume procedure nor initiate transmission of the RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest message until the UE has a valid version of the MasterInformationBlock (MasterInformationBlock-NB / MasterInformationBlock-TDD-NB in NB-IoT) and SystemInformationBlockType1 (SystemInformationBlockType1-NB in NB-IoT) messages as well as SystemInformationBlockType2 (SystemInformationBlockType2-NB in NB-IoT) , and for NB-IoT, SystemInformationBlockType22-NB; 1> not initiate the RRC connection establishment / resume procedure subject to EAB until the UE has a valid version of SystemInformationBlockType14, if broadcast; 1> if the UE is ETWS capable: 2> upon entering a cell during RRC_IDLE, following successful handover or upon connection re-establishment: 3> discard any previously buffered warningMessageSegment; 3> clear, if any, the current values of messageIdentifier and serialNumber for SystemInformationBlockType11; 2> when the UE acquires SystemInformationBlockType1 following ETWS indication, upon entering a cell during RRC_IDLE, following successful handover or upon connection re-establishment or following RRC connection release with an ETWS indication: 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType10 is present: 4> if the UE is in CE: 5> start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType10; 4> else 5> start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType10 immediately; 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType11 is present: 4> start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType11 immediately; NOTE 2: UEs shall start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType10 and SystemInformationBlockType11 as described above even when systemInfoValueTag in SystemInformationBlockType1 has not changed. 1> if the UE is CMAS capable: 2> upon entering a cell during RRC_IDLE, following successful handover or upon connection re-establishment or following RRC connection release with an CMAS indication: 3> discard any previously buffered warningMessageSegment; 3> clear, if any, stored values of messageIdentifier and serialNumber for SystemInformationBlockType12 associated with the discarded warningMessageSegment; 2> when the UE acquires SystemInformationBlockType1 following CMAS indication, upon entering a cell during RRC_IDLE, following successful handover and upon connection re-establishment: 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType12 is present: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType12; NOTE 3: UEs shall start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType12 as described above even when systemInfoValueTag in SystemInformationBlockType1 has not changed. 1> if the UE is interested to receive MBMS services: 2> if the UE is capable of MBMS reception as specified in 5.8: 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType13 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType13; 3> else if SystemInformationBlockType13 is present in SystemInformationBlockType1-MBMS and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType13 from SystemInformationBlockType1-MBMS; 2> if the UE is capable of SC-PTM reception as specified in 5.8a: 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType20 (SystemInformationBlockType20-NB in NB-IoT) is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType20 (SystemInformationBlockType20-NB in NB-IoT) ; 2> if the UE is capable of MBMS Service Continuity: 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType15 (SystemInformationBlockType15-NB in NB-IoT) is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType15 (SystemInformationBlockType15-NB in NB-IoT) ; 1> if the UE is EAB capable: 2> when the UE does not have stored a valid version of SystemInformationBlockType14 upon entering RRC_IDLE, or when the UE acquires SystemInformationBlockType1 following EAB parameters change notification, or upon entering a cell during RRC_IDLE, or before establishing an RRC connection if using eDRX with DRX cycle longer than the modification period: 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType14 is present: 4> start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType14 immediately; 3> else: 4> discard SystemInformationBlockType14, if previously received; NOTE 4: EAB capable UEs start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType14 as described above even when systemInfoValueTag in SystemInformationBlockType1 has not changed. NOTE 5: EAB capable UEs maintain an up to date SystemInformationBlockType14 in RRC_IDLE. 1> if the UE is capable of sidelink communication and is configured by upper layers to receive or transmit sidelink communication: 2> if the cell used for sidelink communication meets the S-criteria as defined in TS 36.304 [4] ; and 2> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType18 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType18; 1> if the UE is capable of sidelink discovery and is configured by upper layers to receive or transmit sidelink discovery announcements on the primary frequency: 2> if schedulingInfoList of the serving cell / PCell indicates that SystemInformationBlockType19 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType19; 1> if the UE is capable of sidelink discovery and, for each of the one or more frequencies included in discInterFreqList, if included in SystemInformationBlockType19 and for which the UE is configured by upper layers to receive sidelink discovery announcements on: 2> if SystemInformationBlockType19 of the serving cell / PCell does not provide the corresponding reception resources; and 2> if schedulingInfoList of the cell on the concerned frequency indicates that SystemInformationBlockType19 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType19; 1> if the UE is capable of sidelink discovery and, for each of the one or more frequencies included in discInterFreqList, if included in SystemInformationBlockType19 and for which the UE is configured by upper layers to transmit sidelink discovery announcements on: 2> if SystemInformationBlockType19 of the serving cell / PCell includes discTxResourcesInterFreq which is set to acquireSI-FromCarrier; and 2> if schedulingInfoList of the cell on the concerned frequency indicates that SystemInformationBlockType19 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType19; 1> if the UE is a NB-IoT UE connected to EPC and if ab-Enabled included in MasterInformationBlock-NB / MasterInformationBlock-TDD-NB is set to TRUE: 2> not initiate the RRC connection establishment / resume procedure for all access causes except mobile terminating calls until the UE has acquired the SystemInformationBlockType14-NB; 1> if the UE is capable of V2X sidelink communication and is configured by upper layers to receive or transmit V2X sidelink communication on a frequency: 2> if schedulingInfoList on the serving cell / PCell indicates that SystemInformationBlockType21 is present and the UE does not have stored valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType21 from serving cell / PCell; 2> if schedulingInfoList on the serving cell / PCell indicates that SystemInformationBlockType26 is present and the UE does not have stored valid version of this system information block; 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType26 from serving cell / PCell; 1> if the UE is capable of V2X sidelink communication and is configured by upper layers to receive V2X sidelink communication on a frequency, which is not primary frequency: 2> if neither SystemInformationBlockType21 nor SystemInformationBlockType26 of the serving cell / PCell provide reception resource pool for V2X sidelink communication for the concerned frequency; and 2> if the cell used for V2X sidelink communication on the concerned frequency meets the S-criteria as defined in TS 36.304 [4] : 3> if schedulingInfoList on the concerned frequency indicates that SystemInformationBlockType21 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType21 from the concerned frequency; 3> if schedulingInfoList on the concerned frequency indicates that SystemInformationBlockType26 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType26 from the concerned frequency; 1> if the UE is capable of V2X sidelink communication and is configured by upper layers to transmit V2X sidelink communication on a frequency, which is not primary frequency and is not included in v2x-InterFreqInfoList in SystemInformationBlockType21 nor SystemInformationBlockType26 of the serving cell / PCell: 2> if the cell used for V2X sidelink communication on the concerned frequency meets the S-criteria as defined in TS 36.304 [4] : 3> if schedulingInfoList on the concerned frequency indicates that SystemInformationBlockType21 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType21 from the concerned frequency; 3> if schedulingInfoList on the concerned frequency indicates that SystemInformationBlockType26 is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType26 from the concerned frequency; 1> if the NB-IoT UE supports NPRACH resources using preamble format 2: 2> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType23-NB is present and the UE does not have stored a valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType23-NB; 1> following a request from positioning upper layers: 2> acquire SystemInformationBlockPos, as defined in 5.2.3; 1> if the UE is capable of NR sidelink communication and is configured by upper layers to receive or transmit NR sidelink communication on a frequency: 2> if schedulingInfoList on the serving cell / PCell indicates that SystemInformationBlockType28 is present and the UE does not have stored valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType28 from serving cell / PCell; 1> if the UE connected to 5GC is a BL UE or a UE in CE: 2> when the UE does not have stored a valid version of SystemInformationBlockType25 upon entering RRC_IDLE, or when the UE acquires SystemInformationBlockType1-BR following UAC parameters change notification, or upon entering a cell during RRC_IDLE, or before establishing, resuming or re-establishing an RRC connection if using an eDRX cycle longer than the modification period: 3> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType25 is present: 4> start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType25 immediately before establishing, resuming or re-establishing an RRC connection; 3> else: 4> discard SystemInformationBlockType25, if previously received; NOTE 5a: When connected to 5GC, BL UEs or a UEs in CE start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType25 as described above even when systemInfoValueTag in SystemInformationBlockType1-BR has not changed. NOTE 5b: When connected to 5GC, BL UEs or a UEs in CE maintain an up to date SystemInformationBlockType25 in RRC_IDLE. 1> if the UE is a NB-IoT UE connected to 5GC and if ab-Enabled5GC included in MasterInformationBlock-NB / MasterInformationBlock-TDD-NB is set to TRUE: 2> not initiate the RRC connection establishment / resume / re-establishment procedure for all access causes until the UE has acquired the SystemInformationBlockType14-NB; 1> if the UE is NTN capable: 2> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType31 (SystemInformationBlockType31-NB in NB-IoT) is present: 3> immediately before establishing, resuming or re-establishing an RRC connection; or 3> immediately before EDT or transmission using PUR; or 3> if in RRC_CONNECTED and T317 is not running: 4> acquire SystemInformationBlockType31 (SystemInformationBlockType31-NB in NB-IoT) ; 2> if the UE supports discontinuous coverage; and 2> if schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType32 (SystemInformationBlockType32-NB in NB-IoT) is present and the UE does not have a valid version of this system information block: 3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType32 (SystemInformationBlockType32-NB in NB-IoT) ; The UE may apply the received SIBs or posSIBs immediately, i.e. the UE does not need to delay using a SIB or posSIB until all SI messages have been received. The UE may delay applying the received SIBs until completing lower layer procedures associated with a received or a UE originated RRC message, e.g. an ongoing random access procedure. NOTE 6: While attempting to acquire a particular SIB / posSIB, if the UE detects from schedulingInfoList / posSchedulingInfoList that it is no longer present, the UE should stop trying to acquire the particular SIB / posSIB. 5.3.8 RRC connection release 5.3.8.1 General Figure 5.3.8.1-1: RRC connection release, successful The purpose of this procedure is: - to release the RRC connection, which includes the release of the established radio bearers as well as all radio resources; or - to suspend the RRC connection for both suspended RRC connection or RRC_INACTIVE, which includes the suspension of the established radio bearers; - to configure, reconfigure or release radio resources for transmission using PUR; - to complete the UP-EDT procedure and UP transmission using PUR, which includes the release or suspension of the established radio bearers. .5.3.8.2 Initiation E-UTRAN initiates the RRC connection release procedure to a UE in RRC_CONNECTED or in RRC_INACTIVE or to complete UP-EDT or UP transmission using PUR. 5.3.8.3 Reception of the RRCConnectionRelease by the UE The UE shall: 1> except for NB-IoT, BL UEs or UEs in CE, delay the following actions defined in this clause 60 ms from the moment the RRCConnectionRelease message was received or optionally when lower layers indicate that the receipt of the RRCConnectionRelease message has been successfully acknowledged, whichever is earlier; 1> for BL UEs or UEs in CE, delay the following actions defined in this clause 1.25 seconds from the moment the RRCConnectionRelease message was received or optionally when lower layers indicate that the receipt of the RRCConnectionRelease message has been successfully acknowledged, whichever is earlier; 1> for NB-IoT, delay the following actions defined in this clause 10 seconds from the moment the RRCConnectionRelease message was received or optionally when lower layers indicate that the receipt of the RRCConnectionRelease message has been successfully acknowledged, whichever is earlier. NOTE 0: For BL UEs, UEs in CE and NB-IoT, when STATUS reporting, as defined in TS 36.322 [7] , has not been triggered and the UE has sent positive HARQ feedback (ACK) , as defined in TS 36.321 [6] , the lower layers can be considered to have indicated that the receipt of the RRCConnectionRelease message has been successfully acknowledged. NOTE 0a: For BL UEs, UEs in CE and NB-IoT, when the RRCConnectionRelease message is received on a HARQ process with disabled HARQ feedback, and when STATUS reporting, as defined in TS 36.322 [7] , has not been triggered, the lower layers can be considered to have indicated that the receipt of the RRCConnectionRelease message has been successfully acknowledged. 1> stop T380, if running; 1> if timer T316 is running; 2> stop timer T316; 2> clear the information included in VarRLF-Report, if any; 1> for NB-IoT: 2> if the UE has reported anr-InfoAvailable, clear VarANR-MeasConfig-NB and VarANR-MeasReport-NB; 2> if the UE has reported rlf-InfoAvailable, clear VarRLF-Report-NB; 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message is received in response to an RRCConnectionResumeRequest for EDT or for UP transmission using PUR: 2> indicate to upper layers that the suspended RRC connection has been resumed; 2> discard the stored UE AS context and resumeIdentity; 2> stop timer T300; 2> stop timer T302, if running; 2> stop timer T303, if running; 2> stop timer T305, if running; 2> stop timer T306, if running; 2> stop timer T308, if running; 2> perform the actions as specified in 5.3.3.7; 2> stop timer T320, if running; 2> stop timer T322, if running; 2> stop timer T323, if running; 1> except for UEs using the Control Plane CIoT 5GS optimisation, if AS security is not activated and if UE is connected to 5GC: 2> ignore any field included in RRCConnectionRelease message except waitTime; 2> perform the actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED or RRC_INACTIVE as specified in 5.3.12 with the release cause 'other'upon which the procedure ends; 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes redirectedCarrierInfo indicating redirection to geran, utra-FDD, utra-TDD or utra-TDD-r10; or 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes idleModeMobilityControlInfo including freqPriorityListGERAN or freqPriorityListUTRA-FDD or freqPriorityListUTRA-TDD: 2> if AS security has not been activated; and 2> if upper layers indicate that redirect to GERAN or UTRAN without AS security is not allowed (see TS 24.301
[0035] ) : 3> ignore the content of the RRCConnectionRelease; 3> perform the actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED or RRC_INACTIVE as specified in 5.3.12, with release cause 'other', upon which the procedure ends; 1> if AS security has not been activated: 2> ignore the content of redirectedCarrierInfo, if included and indicating redirection to nr; 2> ignore the content of idleModeMobilityControlInfo, if included and including freqPriorityListNR; 2> ignore the altFreqPriorities and T323, if included; 2> if the UE ignores the content of redirectedCarrierInfo or of idleModeMobilityControlInfo, or of altFreqPriorities and T323: 3> perform the actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED as specified in 5.3.12, with release cause 'other' , upon which the procedure ends; 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes redirectedCarrierInfo indicating redirection to eutra and if UE is connected to 5GC: 2> if cn-Type is included: 3> after the cell selection, indicate the available CN Type (s) and the received cn-Type to upper layers; NOTE 1: Handling the case if the E-UTRA cell selected after the redirection does not support the core network type specified by the cn-Type, is up to UE implementation. 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes the idleModeMobilityControlInfo: 2> store the cell reselection priority information provided by the idleModeMobilityControlInfo; 2> if the t320 is included: 3> start timer T320, with the timer value set according to the value of t320; 1> else if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes the altFreqPriorities: 2> store the received altFreqPriorities; 2> for E-UTRA frequency, apply the alternative cell reselection priority information broadcast in the system information if available, otherwise apply the cell reselection priority broadcast in the system information; 2> for inter-RAT frequency, apply the cell reselection priority broadcast in the system information; 2> if the t323 is included: 3> start timer T323, with the timer value set according to the value of t323; 1> else: 2> apply the cell reselection priority information broadcast in the system information; 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes the releaseMeasIdleConfig: 2> if timer T331 is running: 3> stop timer T331; 3> perform the actions as specified in 5.6.20.3;1> if the etws-Indication is included and the UE is ETWS capable:2> re-acquire SystemInformationBlockType1 immediately, i.e., without waiting until the next system information modification period boundary;2> if the schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType10 is present:3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType10;NOTE 2: If the UE is in CE, it is up to UE implementation when to start acquiring SystemInformationBlockType10.2> if the schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType11 is present:3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType11;1> if the cmas-Indication is included and the UE is CMAS capable:2> re-acquire SystemInformationBlockType1 immediately, i.e., without waiting until the next system information modification period boundary as specified in 5.2.1.5;2> if the schedulingInfoList indicates that SystemInformationBlockType12 is present:3> acquire SystemInformationBlockType12; 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes the measIdleConfig: 2> clear VarMeasIdleConfig and VarMeasIdleReport; 2> store the received measIdleDuration in VarMeasIdleConfig; 2> start or restart T331 with the value of measIdleDuration; 2> if the measIdleConfig contains measIdleCarrierListEUTRA: 3> store the received measIdleCarrierListEUTRA in VarMeasIdleConfig; 2> if the measIdleConfig contains measIdleCarrierListNR: 3> store the received measIdleCarrierListNR in VarMeasIdleConfig; 2> if the measIdleConfig contains validityAreaList: 3> store the received validityAreaList in VarMeasIdleConfig; NOTE 2: If the measIdleConfig contains neither measIdleCarrierListEUTRA nor measIdleCarrierListNR, UE may receive measIdleCarrierListEUTRA and / or measIdleCarrierListNR as specified in 5.6.20.1a. 1> for NB-IoT, if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes the anr-MeasConfig: 2> clear VarANR-MeasConfig-NB and VarANR-MeasReport-NB; 2> store the received anr-QualityThreshold in VarANR-MeasConfig-NB; 2> if the anr-MeasConfig contains anr-CarrierList: 3> store the received anr-CarrierList in VarANR-MeasConfig-NB; 2> set plmn-IdentityList in VarANR-MeasReport-NB to include the list of EPLMNs stored by the UE (i.e. includes the RPLMN) ; 2> set servCellIdentity in VarANR-MeasReport-NB to the global cell identity of the Pcell; 2> start performing ANR measurements as specified in 5.6.24; 1> if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes the pur-Config: 2> if pur-Config is set to setup: 3> store or replace the PUR configuration provided by the pur-Config; 3> if pur-TimeAlignmentTimer is included in the received pur-Config: 4> configure lower layers in accordance with pur-TimeAlignmentTimer; 3> else: 4> if pur-TimeAlignmentTimer is configured, indicate to lower layers that pur-TimeAlignmentTimer is released; 3> if pur-RSRP-ChangeThreshold (pur-NRSRP-ChangeThreshold in NB-IoT) is included in the received pur-Config and set to setup; or 3> if pur-RSRP-ChangeThreshold (pur-NRSRP-ChangeThreshold in NB-IoT) is configured and pur-TimeAlignmentTimer is included in the received pur-Config: 4> store or replace the serving cell reference (N) RSRP value with the current serving cell (N)RSRP value (see 5.3.3.19) ; 3> start maintenance of PUR occasions as specified in 5.3.3.20; 2> else: 3> if pur-TimeAlignmentTimer is configured, indicate to lower layers that pur-TimeAlignmentTimer is released; 3> release pur-Config, if configured; 3> discard previously stored pur-Config; 1> for NB-IoT, if the RRCConnectionRelease message includes the redirectedCarrierInfo: 2> if the redirectedCarrierOffsetDedicated is included in the redirectedCarrierInfo: 3> store the dedicated offset for the frequency in redirectedCarrierInfo; 3> start timer T322, with the timer value set according to the value of T322 in redirectedCarrierInfo; 1> if the releaseCause received in the RRCConnectionRelease message indicates loadBalancingTAURequired: 2> perform the actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED as specified in 5.3.12, with release cause 'load balancing TAU required' ; 1> else if the releaseCause received in the RRCConnectionRelease message indicates cs-FallbackHighPriority: 2> perform the actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED as specified in 5.3.12, with release cause 'CS Fallback High Priority'; 1> else: 2> if the extendedWaitTime is present; and 2> if the UE supports delay tolerant access or the UE is a NB-IoT UE: 3> forward the extendedWaitTime to upper layers; 2> if the extendedWaitTime-CPdata is present and the NB-IoT UE only supports the Control Plane CIoT EPS optimisation: 3> forward the extendedWaitTime-CPdata to upper layers; 2> if the releaseCause received in the RRCConnectionRelease message indicates rrc-Suspend: 3> perform the actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED as specified in 5.3.12, with release cause 'RRC suspension' ; 2> else if rrc-InactiveConfig is included: 3> perform the actions upon entering RRC_INACTIVE as specified in 5.3.8.7; 2> else: 3> perform the actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED or RRC_INACTIVE as specified in 5.3.12, with release cause 'other'; 6.7.2 NB-IoT Message definitions … – RRCConnectionRelease-NB The RRCConnectionRelease-NB message is used to command the release of an RRC connection, or to complete an UP-EDT procedure. Signalling radio bearer: SRB1 or SRB1bis RLC-SAP: AM Logical channel: DCCH Direction: E-UTRAN to UE RRCConnectionRelease-NB message
[0136] Based on the above description, in a first group of embodiments, a network indicates to the UE that the UE is released to IDLE mode to receive a broadcasted indication. In response to this the UE goes to IDLE and acquires such broadcasted message. In some embodiment, the UE remains in IDLE mode until the UE has received the broadcasted indication, i.e. refraining from going back to CONNECTED. In a second group of embodiments, the network indicates to the UE that it can remain in CONNECTED mode and acquire the broadcast message since the UE will not be scheduled during this time. In other embodiments, the network provides assistance information regarding which information the UE shall receive and how to receive it.
[0137] With these embodiments, UEs incapable of broadcast reception in CONNECTED, but capable of such reception in IDLE, can receive such messages in a timely manner.
[0138] FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus suitable for use in practicing some embodiments of the disclosure. For example, any one of the terminal device and the network node described above may be implemented through the apparatus 1100. As shown, the apparatus 1100 may include processing circuitry 1110 and a memory 1120. The processing circuitry 1110 may be configured to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed above. The processing circuitry 1110 may include a processor and / or integrated circuitry for processing and / or control. The processor may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multi-core processor architectures, as non-limiting examples. The integrated circuitry may include, but not limited to, field programmable gate array (FPGA) , application specific integrated circuitry (ASIC) , etc.
[0139] The memory 1120 may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor based memory devices, flash memories, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memories and removable memories. The memory 1120 may be configured to store data, instructions and / or other information described herein. In some embodiments, the instructions are executable by the processor, whereby the apparatus 1100 is operative to or configured to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed above. That is, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented at least in part by computer program executable by the processor, or by hardware, or by a combination of computer program and hardware.
[0140] FIG. 12 shows an example of a communication system 3100 in accordance with some embodiments.
[0141] In the example, the communication system 3100 includes a telecommunication network 3102 that includes an access network 3104, such as a radio access network (RAN) , and a core network 3106, which includes one or more core network nodes 3108. The access network 3104 includes one or more access network nodes, such as network nodes 3110a and 3110b (one or more of which may be generally referred to as network nodes 3110) , or any other similar 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access nodes or non-3GPP access points. Moreover, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art, a network node is not necessarily limited to an implementation in which a radio portion and a baseband portion are supplied and integrated by a single vendor. Thus, it will be understood that network nodes include disaggregated implementations or portions thereof. For example, in some embodiments, the telecommunication network 3102 includes one or more Open-RAN (ORAN) network nodes. An ORAN network node is a node in the telecommunication network 3102 that supports an ORAN specification (e.g., a specification published by the O-RAN Alliance, or any similar organization) and may operate alone or together with other nodes to implement one or more functionalities of any node in the telecommunication network 3102, including one or more network nodes 3110 and / or core network nodes 3108.
[0142] Examples of an ORAN network node include an open radio unit (O-RU) , an open distributed unit (O-DU) , an open central unit (O-CU) , including an O-CU control plane (O-CU-CP) or an O-CU user plane (O-CU-UP) , a RAN intelligent controller (near-real time or non-real time) hosting software or software plug-ins, such as a near-real time control application (e.g., xApp) or a non-real time control application (e.g., rApp) , or any combination thereof (the adjective “open” designating support of an ORAN specification) . The network node may support a specification by, for example, supporting an interface defined by the ORAN specification, such as an A1, F1, W1, E1, E2, X2, Xn interface, an open fronthaul user plane interface, or an open fronthaul management plane interface. Moreover, an ORAN access node may be a logical node in a physical node. Furthermore, an ORAN network node may be implemented in a virtualization environment (described further below) in which one or more network functions are virtualized. For example, the virtualization environment may include an O-Cloud computing platform orchestrated by a Service Management and Orchestration Framework via an O-2 interface defined by the O-RAN Alliance or comparable technologies. The network nodes 3110 facilitate direct or indirect connection of user equipment (UE) , such as by connecting UEs 3112a, 3112b, 3112c, and 3112d (one or more of which may be generally referred to as UEs 3112) to the core network 3106 over one or more wireless connections.
[0143] Example wireless communications over a wireless connection include transmitting and / or receiving wireless signals using electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared waves, and / or other types of signals suitable for conveying information without the use of wires, cables, or other material conductors. Moreover, in different embodiments, the communication system 3100 may include any number of wired or wireless networks, network nodes, UEs, and / or any other components or systems that may facilitate or participate in the communication of data and / or signals whether via wired or wireless connections. The communication system 3100 may include and / or interface with any type of communication, telecommunication, data, cellular, radio network, and / or other similar type of system.
[0144] The UEs 3112 may be any of a wide variety of communication devices, including wireless devices arranged, configured, and / or operable to communicate wirelessly with the network nodes 3110 and other communication devices. Similarly, the network nodes 3110 are arranged, capable, configured, and / or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with the UEs 3112 and / or with other network nodes or equipment in the telecommunication network 3102 to enable and / or provide network access, such as wireless network access, and / or to perform other functions, such as administration in the telecommunication network 3102.
[0145] In the depicted example, the core network 3106 connects the network nodes 3110 to one or more host computing systems, such as host 3116. These connections may be direct or indirect via one or more intermediary networks or devices. In other examples, network nodes may be directly coupled to hosts. The core network 3106 includes one more core network nodes (e.g., core network node 3108) that are structured with hardware and software components. Features of these components may be substantially similar to those described with respect to the UEs, network nodes, and / or hosts, such that the descriptions thereof are generally applicable to the corresponding components of the core network node 3108. Example core network nodes include functions of one or more of a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) , Mobility Management Entity (MME) , Home Subscriber Server (HSS) , Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) , Session Management Function (SMF) , Authentication Server Function (AUSF) , Subscription Identifier De-concealing function (SIDF) , Unified Data Management (UDM) , Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP) , Network Exposure Function (NEF) , and / or a User Plane Function (UPF) .
[0146] The host 3116 may be under the ownership or control of a service provider other than an operator or provider of the access network 3104 and / or the telecommunication network 3102. The host 3116 may host a variety of applications to provide one or more service. Examples of such applications include live and pre-recorded audio / video content, data collection services such as retrieving and compiling data on various ambient conditions detected by a plurality of UEs, analytics functionality, social media, functions for controlling or otherwise interacting with remote devices, functions for an alarm and surveillance center, or any other such function performed by a server.
[0147] As a whole, the communication system 3100 of FIG. 12 enables connectivity between the UEs, network nodes, and hosts. In that sense, the communication system may be configured to operate according to predefined rules or procedures, such as specific standards that include, but are not limited to: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) ; Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) ; Long Term Evolution (LTE) , and / or other suitable 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G standards, or any applicable future generation standard (e.g., 6G) ; wireless local area network (WLAN) standards, such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards (WiFi) ; and / or any other appropriate wireless communication standard, such as the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) , Bluetooth, Z-Wave, Near Field Communication (NFC) ZigBee, LiFi, and / or any low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) standards such as LoRa and Sigfox.
[0148] In some examples, the telecommunication network 3102 is a cellular network that implements 3GPP standardized features. Accordingly, the telecommunications network 3102 may support network slicing to provide different logical networks to different devices that are connected to the telecommunication network 3102. For example, the telecommunications network 3102 may provide Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) services to some UEs, while providing Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services to other UEs, and / or Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) / Massive IoT services to yet further UEs.
[0149] In some examples, the UEs 3112 are configured to transmit and / or receive information without direct human interaction. For instance, a UE may be designed to transmit information to the access network 3104 on a predetermined schedule, when triggered by an internal or external event, or in response to requests from the access network 3104. Additionally, a UE may be configured for operating in single-or multi-RAT or multi-standard mode. For example, a UE may operate with any one or combination of Wi-Fi, NR (New Radio) and LTE, i.e. being configured for multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) , such as E-UTRAN (Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) New Radio –Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) .
[0150] In the example, the hub 3114 communicates with the access network 3104 to facilitate indirect communication between one or more UEs (e.g., UE 3112c and / or 3112d) and network nodes (e.g., network node 3110b) . In some examples, the hub 3114 may be a controller, router, content source and analytics, or any of the other communication devices described herein regarding UEs. For example, the hub 3114 may be a broadband router enabling access to the core network 3106 for the UEs. As another example, the hub 3114 may be a controller that sends commands or instructions to one or more actuators in the UEs. Commands or instructions may be received from the UEs, network nodes 3110, or by executable code, script, process, or other instructions in the hub 3114. As another example, the hub 3114 may be a data collector that acts as temporary storage for UE data and, in some embodiments, may perform analysis or other processing of the data. As another example, the hub 3114 may be a content source. For example, for a UE that is a VR device, display, loudspeaker, or other media delivery device, the hub 3114 may retrieve VR assets, video, audio, or other media or data related to sensory information via a network node, which the hub 3114 then provides to the UE either directly, after performing local processing, and / or after adding additional local content. In still another example, the hub 3114 acts as a proxy server or orchestrator for the UEs, in particular if one or more of the UEs are low energy IoT devices.
[0151] The hub 3114 may have a constant / persistent or intermittent connection to the network node 3110b. The hub 3114 may also allow for a different communication scheme and / or schedule between the hub 3114 and UEs (e.g., UE 3112c and / or 3112d) , and between the hub 3114 and the core network 3106. In other examples, the hub 3114 is connected to the core network 3106 and / or one or more UEs via a wired connection. Moreover, the hub 3114 may be configured to connect to an M2M service provider over the access network 3104 and / or to another UE over a direct connection. In some scenarios, UEs may establish a wireless connection with the network nodes 3110 while still connected via the hub 3114 via a wired or wireless connection. In some embodiments, the hub 3114 may be a dedicated hub –that is, a hub whose primary function is to route communications to / from the UEs from / to the network node 3110b. In other embodiments, the hub 3114 may be a non-dedicated hub –that is, a device which is capable of operating to route communications between the UEs and network node 3110b, but which is additionally capable of operating as a communication start and / or end point for certain data channels.
[0152] FIG. 13 shows a UE 3200 in accordance with some embodiments. The UE 3200 presents additional details of some embodiments of the UE 3112 of FIG. 12. As used herein, a UE refers to a device capable, configured, arranged and / or operable to communicate wirelessly with network nodes and / or other UEs. Examples of a UE include, but are not limited to, a smart phone, mobile phone, cell phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phone, wireless local loop phone, desktop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) , wireless cameras, gaming console or device, music storage / playback device, wearable terminal device, wireless endpoint, mobile station, tablet, laptop, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , an Augmented Reality (AR) or Virtual Reality (VR) device, wireless customer-premise equipment (CPE) , vehicle, vehicle-mounted or vehicle embedded / integrated wireless device, etc. Other examples include any UE identified by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , including a narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) UE, a machine type communication (MTC) UE, and / or an enhanced MTC (eMTC) UE.
[0153] A UE may support device-to-device (D2D) communication, for example by implementing a 3GPP standard for sidelink communication, Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) , vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) , vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) , or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) . In other examples, a UE may not necessarily have a user in the sense of a human user who owns and / or operates the relevant device. Instead, a UE may represent a device that is intended for sale to, or operation by, a human user but which may not, or which may not initially, be associated with a specific human user (e.g., a smart sprinkler controller) . Alternatively, a UE may represent a device that is not intended for sale to, or operation by, an end user but which may be associated with or operated for the benefit of a user (e.g., a smart power meter) .
[0154] The UE 3200 includes processing circuitry 3202 that is operatively coupled via a bus 3204 to an input / output interface 3206, a power source 3208, a memory 3210, a communication interface 3212, and / or any other component, or any combination thereof. Certain UEs may utilize all or a subset of the components shown in FIG. 13. The level of integration between the components may vary from one UE to another UE. Further, certain UEs may contain multiple instances of a component, such as multiple processors, memories, transceivers, transmitters, receivers, etc.
[0155] The processing circuitry 3202 is configured to process instructions and data and may be configured to implement any sequential state machine operative to execute instructions stored as machine-readable computer programs in the memory 3210. The processing circuitry 3202 may be implemented as one or more hardware-implemented state machines (e.g., in discrete logic, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , etc. ) ; programmable logic together with appropriate firmware; one or more stored computer programs, general-purpose processors, such as a microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) , together with appropriate software; or any combination of the above. For example, the processing circuitry 3202 may include multiple central processing units (CPUs) .
[0156] In the example, the input / output interface 3206 may be configured to provide an interface or interfaces to an input device, output device, or one or more input and / or output devices. Examples of an output device include a speaker, a sound card, a video card, a display, a monitor, a printer, an actuator, an emitter, a smartcard, another output device, or any combination thereof. An input device may allow a user to capture information into the UE 3200. Examples of an input device include a touch-sensitive or presence-sensitive display, a camera (e.g., a digital camera, a digital video camera, a web camera, etc. ) , a microphone, a sensor, a mouse, a trackball, a directional pad, a trackpad, a scroll wheel, a smartcard, and the like. The presence-sensitive display may include a capacitive or resistive touch sensor to sense input from a user. A sensor may be, for instance, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a tilt sensor, a force sensor, a magnetometer, an optical sensor, a proximity sensor, a biometric sensor, etc., or any combination thereof. An output device may use the same type of interface port as an input device. For example, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port may be used to provide an input device and an output device.
[0157] In some embodiments, the power source 3208 is structured as a battery or battery pack. Other types of power sources, such as an external power source (e.g., an electricity outlet) , photovoltaic device, or power cell, may be used. The power source 3208 may further include power circuitry for delivering power from the power source 3208 itself, and / or an external power source, to the various parts of the UE 3200 via input circuitry or an interface such as an electrical power cable. Delivering power may be, for example, for charging of the power source 3208. Power circuitry may perform any formatting, converting, or other modification to the power from the power source 3208 to make the power suitable for the respective components of the UE 3200 to which power is supplied.
[0158] The memory 3210 may be or be configured to include memory such as random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , programmable read-only memory (PROM) , erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , magnetic disks, optical disks, hard disks, removable cartridges, flash drives, and so forth. In one example, the memory 3210 includes one or more application programs 3214, such as an operating system, web browser application, a widget, gadget engine, or other application, and corresponding data 3216. The memory 3210 may store, for use by the UE 3200, any of a variety of various operating systems or combinations of operating systems.
[0159] The memory 3210 may be configured to include a number of physical drive units, such as redundant array of independent disks (RAID) , flash memory, USB flash drive, external hard disk drive, thumb drive, pen drive, key drive, high-density digital versatile disc (HD-DVD) optical disc drive, internal hard disk drive, Blu-Ray optical disc drive, holographic digital data storage (HDDS) optical disc drive, external mini-dual in-line memory module (DIMM) , synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) , external micro-DIMM SDRAM, smartcard memory such as tamper resistant module in the form of a universal integrated circuit card (UICC) including one or more subscriber identity modules (SIMs) , such as a USIM and / or ISIM, other memory, or any combination thereof. The UICC may for example be an embedded UICC (eUICC) , integrated UICC (iUICC) or a removable UICC commonly known as ‘SIM card. ’ The memory 3210 may allow the UE 3200 to access instructions, application programs and the like, stored on transitory or non-transitory memory media, to off-load data, or to upload data. An article of manufacture, such as one utilizing a communication system may be tangibly embodied as or in the memory 3210, which may be or comprise a device-readable storage medium.
[0160] The processing circuitry 3202 may be configured to communicate with an access network or other network using the communication interface 3212. The communication interface 3212 may comprise one or more communication subsystems and may include or be communicatively coupled to an antenna 3222. The communication interface 3212 may include one or more transceivers used to communicate, such as by communicating with one or more remote transceivers of another device capable of wireless communication (e.g., another UE or a network node in an access network) . Each transceiver may include a transmitter 3218 and / or a receiver 3220 appropriate to provide network communications (e.g., optical, electrical, frequency allocations, and so forth) . Moreover, the transmitter 3218 and receiver 3220 may be coupled to one or more antennas (e.g., antenna 3222) and may share circuit components, software or firmware, or alternatively be implemented separately.
[0161] In the illustrated embodiment, communication functions of the communication interface 3212 may include cellular communication, Wi-Fi communication, LPWAN communication, data communication, voice communication, multimedia communication, short-range communications such as Bluetooth, near-field communication, location-based communication such as the use of the global positioning system (GPS) to determine a location, another like communication function, or any combination thereof. Communications may be implemented in according to one or more communication protocols and / or standards, such as IEEE 802.11, Code Division Multiplexing Access (CDMA) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , GSM, LTE, New Radio (NR) , UMTS, WiMax, Ethernet, transmission control protocol / internet protocol (TCP / IP) , synchronous optical networking (SONET) , Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) , QUIC, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) , and so forth.
[0162] Regardless of the type of sensor, a UE may provide an output of data captured by its sensors, through its communication interface 3212, via a wireless connection to a network node. Data captured by sensors of a UE can be communicated through a wireless connection to a network node via another UE. The output may be periodic (e.g., once every 15 minutes if it reports the sensed temperature) , random (e.g., to even out the load from reporting from several sensors) , in response to a triggering event (e.g., when moisture is detected an alert is sent) , in response to a request (e.g., a user initiated request) , or a continuous stream (e.g., a live video feed of a patient) .
[0163] As another example, a UE comprises an actuator, a motor, or a switch, related to a communication interface configured to receive wireless input from a network node via a wireless connection. In response to the received wireless input the states of the actuator, the motor, or the switch may change. For example, the UE may comprise a motor that adjusts the control surfaces or rotors of a drone in flight according to the received input or to a robotic arm performing a medical procedure according to the received input.
[0164] A UE, when in the form of an Internet of Things (IoT) device, may be a device for use in one or more application domains, these domains comprising, but not limited to, city wearable technology, extended industrial application and healthcare. Non-limiting examples of such an IoT device are a device which is or which is embedded in: a connected refrigerator or freezer, a TV, a connected lighting device, an electricity meter, a robot vacuum cleaner, a voice controlled smart speaker, a home security camera, a motion detector, a thermostat, a smoke detector, a door / window sensor, a flood / moisture sensor, an electrical door lock, a connected doorbell, an air conditioning system like a heat pump, an autonomous vehicle, a surveillance system, a weather monitoring device, a vehicle parking monitoring device, an electric vehicle charging station, a smart watch, a fitness tracker, a wearable for tactile augmentation or sensory enhancement, a water sprinkler, an animal-or item-tracking device, a sensor for monitoring a plant or animal, an industrial robot, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) , and any kind of medical device, like a heart rate monitor or a remote controlled surgical robot. A UE in the form of an IoT device comprises circuitry and / or software in dependence of the intended application of the IoT device in addition to other components as described in relation to the UE 3200 shown in FIG. 13.
[0165] As yet another specific example, in an IoT scenario, a UE may represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and / or measurements, and transmits the results of such monitoring and / or measurements to another UE and / or a network node. The UE may in this case be an M2M device, which may in a 3GPP context be referred to as an MTC device. As one particular example, the UE may implement the 3GPP NB-IoT standard. In other scenarios, a UE may represent a vehicle, such as a car, a bus, a truck, a ship and an airplane, or other equipment that is capable of monitoring and / or reporting on its operational status or other functions associated with its operation.
[0166] In practice, any number of UEs may be used together with respect to a single use case. For example, a first UE might be or be integrated in a drone and provide the drone’s speed information (obtained through a speed sensor) to a second UE that is a remote controller operating the drone. When the user makes changes from the remote controller, the first UE may adjust the throttle on the drone (e.g. by controlling an actuator) to increase or decrease the drone’s speed. The first and / or the second UE can also include more than one of the functionalities described above. For example, a UE might comprise the sensor and the actuator, and handle communication of data for both the speed sensor and the actuators.
[0167] FIG. 14 shows a network node 3300 in accordance with some embodiments. As used herein, network node refers to equipment capable, configured, arranged and / or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with a UE and / or with other network nodes or equipment, in a telecommunication network. Examples of network nodes include, but are not limited to, access points (APs) (e.g., radio access points) , base stations (BSs) (e.g., radio base stations, Node Bs, evolved Node Bs (eNBs) and NR NodeBs (gNBs) ) , O-RAN nodes or components of an O-RAN node (e.g., O-RU, O-DU, O-CU) .
[0168] Base stations may be categorized based on the amount of coverage they provide (or, stated differently, their transmit power level) and so, depending on the provided amount of coverage, may be referred to as femto base stations, pico base stations, micro base stations, or macro base stations. A base station may be a relay node or a relay donor node controlling a relay. A network node may also include one or more (or all) parts of a distributed radio base station such as centralized digital units, distributed units (e.g., in an O-RAN access node) and / or remote radio units (RRUs) , sometimes referred to as Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) . Such remote radio units may or may not be integrated with an antenna as an antenna integrated radio. Parts of a distributed radio base station may also be referred to as nodes in a distributed antenna system (DAS) .
[0169] Other examples of network nodes include multiple transmission point (multi-TRP) 5G access nodes, multi-standard radio (MSR) equipment such as MSR BSs, network controllers such as radio network controllers (RNCs) or base station controllers (BSCs) , base transceiver stations (BTSs) , transmission points, transmission nodes, multi-cell / multicast coordination entities (MCEs) , Operation and Maintenance (O&M) nodes, Operations Support System (OSS) nodes, Self-Organizing Network (SON) nodes, positioning nodes (e.g., Evolved Serving Mobile Location Centers (E-SMLCs) ) , and / or Minimization of Drive Tests (MDTs) .
[0170] The network node 3300 includes a processing circuitry 3302, a memory 3304, a communication interface 3306, and a power source 3308. The network node 3300 may be composed of multiple physically separate components (e.g., a NodeB component and a RNC component, or a BTS component and a BSC component, etc. ) , which may each have their own respective components. In certain scenarios in which the network node 3300 comprises multiple separate components (e.g., BTS and BSC components) , one or more of the separate components may be shared among several network nodes. For example, a single RNC may control multiple NodeBs. In such a scenario, each unique NodeB and RNC pair, may in some instances be considered a single separate network node. In some embodiments, the network node 3300 may be configured to support multiple radio access technologies (RATs) . In such embodiments, some components may be duplicated (e.g., separate memory 3304 for different RATs) and some components may be reused (e.g., a same antenna 3310 may be shared by different RATs) . The network node 3300 may also include multiple sets of the various illustrated components for different wireless technologies integrated into network node 3300, for example GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, WiFi, Zigbee, Z-wave, LoRaWAN, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) or Bluetooth wireless technologies. These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chip or set of chips and other components within network node 3300.
[0171] The processing circuitry 3302 may comprise a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, central processing unit, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software and / or encoded logic operable to provide, either alone or in conjunction with other network node 3300 components, such as the memory 3304, to provide network node 3300 functionality.
[0172] In some embodiments, the processing circuitry 3302 includes a system on a chip (SOC) . In some embodiments, the processing circuitry 3302 includes one or more of radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry 3312 and baseband processing circuitry 3314. In some embodiments, the radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry 3312 and the baseband processing circuitry 3314 may be on separate chips (or sets of chips) , boards, or units, such as radio units and digital units. In alternative embodiments, part or all of RF transceiver circuitry 3312 and baseband processing circuitry 3314 may be on the same chip or set of chips, boards, or units.
[0173] The memory 3304 may comprise any form of volatile or non-volatile computer-readable memory including, without limitation, persistent storage, solid-state memory, remotely mounted memory, magnetic media, optical media, random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , mass storage media (for example, a hard disk) , removable storage media (for example, a flash drive, a Compact Disk (CD) or a Digital Video Disk (DVD) ) , and / or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device-readable and / or computer-executable memory devices that store information, data, and / or instructions that may be used by the processing circuitry 3302. The memory 3304 may store any suitable instructions, data, or information, including a computer program, software, an application including one or more of logic, rules, code, tables, and / or other instructions capable of being executed by the processing circuitry 3302 and utilized by the network node 3300. The memory 3304 may be used to store any calculations made by the processing circuitry 3302 and / or any data received via the communication interface 3306. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry 3302 and memory 3304 is integrated.
[0174] The communication interface 3306 is used in wired or wireless communication of signaling and / or data between a network node, access network, and / or UE. As illustrated, the communication interface 3306 comprises port (s) / terminal (s) 3316 to send and receive data, for example to and from a network over a wired connection. The communication interface 3306 also includes radio front-end circuitry 3318 that may be coupled to, or in certain embodiments a part of, the antenna 3310. Radio front-end circuitry 3318 comprises filters 3320 and amplifiers 3322. The radio front-end circuitry 3318 may be connected to an antenna 3310 and processing circuitry 3302. The radio front-end circuitry may be configured to condition signals communicated between antenna 3310 and processing circuitry 3302. The radio front-end circuitry 3318 may receive digital data that is to be sent out to other network nodes or UEs via a wireless connection. The radio front-end circuitry 3318 may convert the digital data into a radio signal having the appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters 3320 and / or amplifiers 3322. The radio signal may then be transmitted via the antenna 3310. Similarly, when receiving data, the antenna 3310 may collect radio signals which are then converted into digital data by the radio front-end circuitry 3318. The digital data may be passed to the processing circuitry 3302. In other embodiments, the communication interface may comprise different components and / or different combinations of components.
[0175] In certain alternative embodiments, the network node 3300 does not include separate radio front-end circuitry 3318, instead, the processing circuitry 3302 includes radio front-end circuitry and is connected to the antenna 3310. Similarly, in some embodiments, all or some of the RF transceiver circuitry 3312 is part of the communication interface 3306. In still other embodiments, the communication interface 3306 includes one or more ports or terminals 3316, the radio front-end circuitry 3318, and the RF transceiver circuitry 3312, as part of a radio unit (not shown) , and the communication interface 3306 communicates with the baseband processing circuitry 3314, which is part of a digital unit (not shown) .
[0176] The antenna 3310 may include one or more antennas, or antenna arrays, configured to send and / or receive wireless signals. The antenna 3310 may be coupled to the radio front-end circuitry 3318 and may be any type of antenna capable of transmitting and receiving data and / or signals wirelessly. In certain embodiments, the antenna 3310 is separate from the network node 3300 and connectable to the network node 3300 through an interface or port.
[0177] The antenna 3310, communication interface 3306, and / or the processing circuitry 3302 may be configured to perform any receiving operations and / or certain obtaining operations described herein as being performed by the network node. Any information, data and / or signals may be received from a UE, another network node and / or any other network equipment. Similarly, the antenna 3310, the communication interface 3306, and / or the processing circuitry 3302 may be configured to perform any transmitting operations described herein as being performed by the network node. Any information, data and / or signals may be transmitted to a UE, another network node and / or any other network equipment.
[0178] The power source 3308 provides power to the various components of network node 3300 in a form suitable for the respective components (e.g., at a voltage and current level needed for each respective component) . The power source 3308 may further comprise, or be coupled to, power management circuitry to supply the components of the network node 3300 with power for performing the functionality described herein. For example, the network node 3300 may be connectable to an external power source (e.g., the power grid, an electricity outlet) via an input circuitry or interface such as an electrical cable, whereby the external power source supplies power to power circuitry of the power source 3308. As a further example, the power source 3308 may comprise a source of power in the form of a battery or battery pack which is connected to, or integrated in, power circuitry. The battery may provide backup power should the external power source fail.
[0179] Embodiments of the network node 3300 may include additional components beyond those shown in FIG. 14 for providing certain aspects of the network node’s functionality, including any of the functionality described herein and / or any functionality necessary to support the subject matter described herein. For example, the network node 3300 may include user interface equipment to allow input of information into the network node 3300 and to allow output of information from the network node 3300. This may allow a user to perform diagnostic, maintenance, repair, and other administrative functions for the network node 3300. In some embodiments providing a core network node, such as core network node 108 of FIG. 12, some components, such as the radio front-end circuitry 3318 and the RF transceiver circuitry 3312 may be omitted.
[0180] FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment 3400 in which functions implemented by some embodiments may be virtualized. In the present context, virtualizing means creating virtual versions of apparatuses or devices which may include virtualizing hardware platforms, storage devices and networking resources. As used herein, virtualization can be applied to any device described herein, or components thereof, and relates to an implementation in which at least a portion of the functionality is implemented as one or more virtual components. Some or all of the functions described herein may be implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines (VMs) implemented in one or more virtual environments 3400 hosted by one or more of hardware nodes, such as a hardware computing device that operates as a network node, UE, core network node, or host. Further, in embodiments in which the virtual node does not require radio connectivity (e.g., a core network node or host) , then the node may be entirely virtualized. In some embodiments, the virtualization environment 3400 includes components defined by the O-RAN Alliance, such as an O-Cloud environment orchestrated by a Service Management and Orchestration Framework via an O-2 interface. Virtualization may facilitate distributed implementations of a network node, UE, core network node, or host.
[0181] Applications 3402 (which may alternatively be called software instances, virtual appliances, network functions, virtual nodes, virtual network functions, etc. ) are run in the virtualization environment 3400 to implement some of the features, functions, and / or benefits of some of the embodiments disclosed herein.
[0182] Hardware 3404 includes processing circuitry, memory that stores software and / or instructions executable by hardware processing circuitry, and / or other hardware devices as described herein, such as a network interface, input / output interface, and so forth. Software may be executed by the processing circuitry to instantiate one or more virtualization layers 3406 (also referred to as hypervisors or virtual machine monitors (VMMs) ) , provide VMs 3408a and 3408b (one or more of which may be generally referred to as VMs 3408) , and / or perform any of the functions, features and / or benefits described in relation with some embodiments described herein. The virtualization layer 3406 may present a virtual operating platform that appears like networking hardware to the VMs 3408.
[0183] The VMs 3408 comprise virtual processing, virtual memory, virtual networking or interface and virtual storage, and may be run by a corresponding virtualization layer 3406. Different embodiments of the instance of a virtual appliance 3402 may be implemented on one or more of VMs 3408, and the implementations may be made in different ways. Virtualization of the hardware is in some contexts referred to as network function virtualization (NFV) . NFV may be used to consolidate many network equipment types onto industry standard high volume server hardware, physical switches, and physical storage, which can be located in data centers, and customer premise equipment.
[0184] In the context of NFV, a VM 3408 may be a software implementation of a physical machine that runs programs as if they were executing on a physical, non-virtualized machine. Each of the VMs 3408, and that part of hardware 3404 that executes that VM, be it hardware dedicated to that VM and / or hardware shared by that VM with others of the VMs, forms separate virtual network elements. Still in the context of NFV, a virtual network function is responsible for handling specific network functions that run in one or more VMs 3408 on top of the hardware 3404 and corresponds to the application 3402.
[0185] Hardware 3404 may be implemented in a standalone network node with generic or specific components. Hardware 3404 may implement some functions via virtualization. Alternatively, hardware 3404 may be part of a larger cluster of hardware (e.g. such as in a data center or CPE) where many hardware nodes work together and are managed via management and orchestration 3410, which, among others, oversees lifecycle management of applications 3402. In some embodiments, hardware 3404 is coupled to one or more radio units that each include one or more transmitters and one or more receivers that may be coupled to one or more antennas. Radio units may communicate directly with other hardware nodes via one or more appropriate network interfaces and may be used in combination with the virtual components to provide a virtual node with radio capabilities, such as a radio access node or a base station. In some embodiments, some signaling can be provided with the use of a control system 3412 which may alternatively be used for communication between hardware nodes and radio units.
[0186] Although the computing devices described herein (e.g., UEs, network nodes) may include the illustrated combination of hardware components, other embodiments may comprise computing devices with different combinations of components. It is to be understood that these computing devices may comprise any suitable combination of hardware and / or software needed to perform the tasks, features, functions and methods disclosed herein. Determining, calculating, obtaining or similar operations described herein may be performed by processing circuitry, which may process information by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored in the network node, and / or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination. Moreover, while components are depicted as single boxes located within a larger box, or nested within multiple boxes, in practice, computing devices may comprise multiple different physical components that make up a single illustrated component, and functionality may be partitioned between separate components. For example, a communication interface may be configured to include any of the components described herein, and / or the functionality of the components may be partitioned between the processing circuitry and the communication interface. In another example, non-computationally intensive functions of any of such components may be implemented in software or firmware and computationally intensive functions may be implemented in hardware.
[0187] In certain embodiments, some or all of the functionality described herein may be provided by processing circuitry executing instructions stored on in memory, which in certain embodiments may be a computer program product in the form of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functionality may be provided by the processing circuitry without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device-readable storage medium, such as in a hard-wired manner. In any of those particular embodiments, whether executing instructions stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or not, the processing circuitry can be configured to perform the described functionality. The benefits provided by such functionality are not limited to the processing circuitry alone or to other components of the computing device, but are enjoyed by the computing device as a whole, and / or by end users and a wireless network generally.
[0188] As such, it should be appreciated that at least some aspects of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit chips and modules. It should thus be appreciated that the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may be realized in an apparatus that is embodied as an integrated circuit, where the integrated circuit may comprise circuitry (as well as possibly firmware) for embodying at least one or more of a data processor, a digital signal processor, baseband circuitry and radio frequency circuitry that are configurable so as to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
[0189] It should be appreciated that at least some aspects of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure may be embodied in computer-executable instructions, such as in one or more program modules, executed by one or more computers or other devices. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types when executed by a processor in a computer or other device. The computer executable instructions may be stored on a computer readable medium such as a hard disk, optical disk, removable storage media, solid state memory, RAM, etc. As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the function of the program modules may be combined or distributed as desired in various embodiments. In addition, the function may be embodied in whole or in part in firmware or hardware equivalents such as integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) , and the like.
[0190] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment” , “an embodiment” and so on, indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0191] It should be understood that, although the terms “first” , “second” and so on may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms.
[0192] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. The terms “connect” , “connects” , “connecting” and / or “connected” used herein cover the direct and / or indirect connection between two elements. It should be noted that two blocks shown in succession in the above figures may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.
[0193] The present disclosure includes any novel feature or combination of features disclosed herein either explicitly or any generalization thereof. Various modifications and adaptations to the foregoing exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may become apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts in view of the foregoing description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, any and all modifications will still fall within the scope of the non-Limiting and exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
Claims
1.A method at a terminal device, the method comprising:receiving (102) , from a network node, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information; andobtaining (104) the one or more broadcasted information.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the first indication indicates that a cause for the transitioning is to receive one or more broadcasted information.3.The method according to claim 2, wherein the first indication is received in or together with a message for indicating the terminal device to transition to the non-connected mode.4.The method according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising: transitioning (206) to the non-connected mode; andwherein the obtaining (104) of the one or more broadcasted information is performed after transitioning (206) to the non-connected mode.5.The method according to claim 4, further comprising at least one of:remaining (208) in the non-connected mode at least until the one or more broadcasted information is received or until a first time period has elapsed since the receiving of the first indication; ortransitioning (210) to the connected mode from the non-connected mode when the terminal device needs to communicate data which has a delay requirement, or when no information has been received during the first time period.6.The method according to claim 5, wherein the first time period is contained in the first indication, or determined by the terminal device, or specified in a technical specification.7.The method according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling contains one or more of:time-critical information about the one or more broadcasted information;first information in the one or more broadcasted information;first scheduling information for the first information;whether there is at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides the first information;second scheduling information for the at least one second information in a case where there is the at least one second information; anda scheduling and mapping configuration of system information messages.8.The method according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling contains first information; andwherein obtaining (104) the one or more broadcasted information comprises: obtaining (518) the first information from the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling.9.The method according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein obtaining (104) the one or more broadcasted information comprises: receiving (520) first information from corresponding broadcasted system information message.10.The method according to claim 9, wherein first scheduling information for the first information is contained in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling; andwherein the first information is obtained based on the first scheduling information, without obtaining system information block 1, SIB1.11.The method according to any of claims 8 to 10, wherein obtaining (104) the one or more broadcasted information further comprises:receiving (522) at least one second information from corresponding broadcasted system information message.12.The method according to claim 11, wherein second scheduling information for the at least one second information is contained in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling; andwherein the at least one second information is obtained based on the second scheduling information, without obtaining SIB1.13.The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the obtaining (518) or receiving (520) of the first information is performed prior to the obtaining (522) of the at least one second information.14.The method according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling indicates that there is no at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides first information; andwherein obtaining (104) the one or more broadcasted information comprises: skipping (524) obtaining of SIB1 and system information block predefined to carry the at least one second information.15.The method according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein an indication of whether there is at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides first information is absent in the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling; andwherein obtaining (104) the one or more broadcasted information comprises one of:skipping (526) obtaining of SIB1 and system information block predefined to carry the at least one second information; andobtaining (528) SIB1 and determining (530) whether there is at least one second information based on SIB1.16.The method according to any of claims 1 to 15, further comprising:transmitting (632) , to the network node, a fifth indication indicating whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode.17.The method according to any of claims 1 to 16, further comprising:transmitting (634) , to the network node, a sixth indication indicating an interest of the terminal device in receiving one or more broadcasted information.18.The method according to any of claims 1 to 17, wherein the one or more broadcasted information is related to a service.19.The method according to claim 18, wherein the service comprises public warning system, PWS, service.20.The method according to any of claims 1 to 19, wherein the non-connected mode comprises one of: a radio resource control, RRC, idle mode; and an RRC inactive mode.21.A method at a network node, the method comprising:transmitting (702) , to a terminal device, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information.22.The method according to claim 21, further comprising:broadcasting (1018) the one or more information.23.The method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the first indication indicates that a cause for the transitioning is to receive one or more broadcasted information.24.The method according to claim 23, wherein the first indication is transmitted in or together with a message for indicating the terminal device to transition to the non-connected mode.25.The method according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the first indication contains a first time period defining a maximum time period within which the terminal device can remain in the non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information.26.The method according to any of claims 21 to 25, wherein the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling contains one or more of:time-critical information about the one or more broadcasted information;first information in the one or more broadcasted information;first scheduling information for the first information;whether there is at least one second information in the one or more broadcasted information besides the first information;second scheduling information for the at least one second information in a case where there is the at least one second information; anda scheduling and mapping configuration of system information messages.27.The method according to any of claims 21 to 26, further comprising:receiving (1010) , from the terminal device, a fifth indication indicating whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode.28.The method according to any of claims 21 to 27, further comprising:receiving (1012) , from the terminal device, a sixth indication indicating an interest of the terminal device in receiving one or more broadcasted information.29.The method according to claim 27 or 28, further comprising:determining (1014) whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode and / or whether the terminal device is interested in receiving one or more broadcasted information; andtransmitting (1016) the first indication or the second indication or the dedicated signaling to the terminal device when determining that the terminal device has a capability of receiving one or more broadcasted information in the non-connected mode and / or the terminal device is interested in receiving one or more broadcasted information.30.The method according to any of claims 21 to 29, wherein the one or more broadcasted information is related to a service31.The method according to claim 30, wherein the service comprises public warning system, PWS, service.32.The method according to any of claims 21 to 31, wherein the non-connected mode comprises one of: a radio resource control, RRC, idle mode; and an RRC inactive mode.33.A terminal device (1100) comprising processing circuitry (1110) and a memory (1120) , the processing circuitry (1110) being configured to:receive, from a network node, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information; andobtain the one or more broadcasted information.34.The terminal device (1100) according to claim 33, wherein the processing circuitry (1110) is configured to perform the method according to any of claims 2 to 20.35.A network node (1100) comprising processing circuitry (1110) and a memory (1120) , the processing circuitry (1110) being configured to:transmit, to a terminal device, one or more of followings: a first indication for indicating the terminal device in a connected mode to transition to a non-connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; a second indication for indicating the terminal device in the connected mode to remain in the connected mode to receive one or more broadcasted information; an active scheduling gap configuration or a third indication that a scheduling gap configuration previously configured to the terminal device becomes active; and a dedicated signaling for the terminal device to receive one or more broadcasted information.36.The network node (1100) according to claim 35, wherein the processing circuitry (1110) is configured to perform the method according to any of claims 22 to 32.37.A computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to carry out the method according to any of claims 1 to 32.38.A computer program product comprising instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to carry out the method according to any of claims 1 to 32.39.A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to carry out the method according to any of claims 1 to 32.40.A carrier containing the computer program according to claim 37, wherein the carrier is one of an electronic signal, optical signal, radio signal, or computer-readable medium.