Wearable apparatus for providing stimulation current to human body and method therefor

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are a wearable apparatus for providing a stimulation current to a human body and a method therefor. The wearable apparatus comprises a wearable carrier, a plurality of electrodes, a plurality of conductive lines, and a control module. The control module comprises a microprocessor, a pulse generating circuit, and a channel switching circuit. The microprocessor outputs a control signal and a selection signal. The pulse generating circuit generates a stimulation current according to the control signal. The channel switching circuit selects a conductive line from the plurality of conductive lines according to the selection signal, so as to output the stimulation current to the skin of the human body via a selected electrode and receive a feedback current via another electrode. In this way, channel switching can be performed on multiple groups of electrodes by means of a single control module, thereby achieving current stimulation of multiple parts of the human body.

Description

Wearable device and method for providing human body stimulation current Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a wearable device and method for providing a stimulating current to the human body, and more particularly to a wearable device and method for providing a stimulating current to the human body by controlling a pulse generation circuit and a channel switching circuit through a microprocessor. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical stimulation technology has been widely used in areas such as muscle massage, rehabilitation therapy, and exercise assistance. This technology works by applying a controlled electric current to electrodes that contact the surface of the skin to stimulate muscles to contract or relax, thereby relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, or increasing muscle strength.

[0003] However, traditional electrical stimulation devices often face hardware configuration challenges when simultaneously driving multiple electrode channels. If a user needs to electrically stimulate multiple body parts, multiple sets of independent stimulation electrodes and their corresponding control circuits are usually required. This can lead to a larger overall system size, increased inconvenience in wearing, and higher manufacturing costs. In addition, traditional electrical stimulation devices sometimes use external wiring to connect to the independent stimulation electrodes, which may be less convenient for wearing during daily activities; and if the electrode positions need to be determined by the user, it may also increase the complexity of operation.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a wearable device that can provide flexible and effective electrical stimulation to the human body with a more streamlined hardware architecture has become an urgent issue to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned issues, embodiments of this disclosure provide a wearable device and method for providing human body stimulation current. The device can generate stimulation current by controlling a pulse generation circuit through a microprocessor and dynamically select conductive lines and electrodes through a channel switching circuit to achieve electrical stimulation control of multiple parts of the human body by a single control module. The device also provides real-time feedback and safety protection mechanisms through a current monitoring circuit and an electromyography sensing circuit.

[0006] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a wearable device for providing human stimulation current is provided, comprising a wearable carrier configured to be worn on a human body, a plurality of electrodes disposed on the wearable carrier and configured to contact the skin of the human body, a plurality of conductive lines disposed on the wearable carrier and electrically connected to the plurality of electrodes, and a control module including a microprocessor configured to output a first control signal and a first selection signal, a pulse generation circuit electrically connected to the microprocessor and having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the pulse generation circuit is configured to generate a first pulse signal and a first stimulation current according to the first control signal, and output the first stimulation current through the first terminal, and a channel switching circuit electrically... The microprocessor is connected and configured to select a first conductive line from the plurality of conductive lines according to the first selection signal, and electrically connect the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit to the first conductive line, wherein the first conductive line is electrically connected to a first electrode among the plurality of electrodes. According to the first selection signal, a second conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and electrically connect the second terminal of the pulse generation circuit to the second conductive line, wherein the second conductive line is electrically connected to a second electrode among the plurality of electrodes. The first stimulation current is output to a first portion of the skin via the first conductive line and the first electrode, and a first feedback current is received from a second portion of the skin via the second conductive line and the second electrode.

[0007] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the microprocessor is further configured to output a second control signal, the pulse generation circuit is configured to generate a second pulse signal and a second stimulation current according to the second control signal, and output the second stimulation current through the second terminal, and the channel switching circuit is further configured to output the second stimulation current to the second part of the skin through the second conductive line and the second electrode, and to receive a second feedback current from the first part of the skin through the first conductive line and the first electrode.

[0008] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the pulse generating circuit includes an H-bridge circuit having a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch, configured to selectively operate between a first on state and a second on state. The first and second switches are connected in series via a first contact. The first switch is electrically connected to a voltage source, and the second switch is electrically coupled to a ground, wherein its first terminal is electrically connected to the first contact. The third and fourth switches are connected in series via a second contact. The third switch is electrically connected to the voltage source, and the fourth switch is electrically coupled to the ground, wherein its second terminal is electrically connected to the second contact. In the first on state, the first and fourth switches are turned on according to a first control signal, and the second and third switches are not turned on according to a second control signal. The first stimulation current flows through the first... A switch, a first contact, a first terminal, a first conductive line, and a first electrode are connected, and the first current is output to the first part of the skin via the first electrode. A first feedback current flows from the second part of the skin into the second electrode, through the second conductive line, the second terminal, the second contact, and the fourth switch, and flows to the ground. In the second conducting state, the first switch and the fourth switch are not conducting according to the first control signal, and the second switch and the third switch are conducting according to the second control signal. A second stimulation current flows through the third switch, the second contact, the second terminal, the second conductive line, and the second electrode, and is output to the second part of the skin via the second electrode. A second feedback current flows from the first part of the skin into the first electrode, through the first conductive line, the first terminal, the first contact, and the second switch, and flows to the ground.

[0009] In some embodiments of the first state of this disclosure, the first control signal is a first voltage pulse signal, the second control signal is a second voltage pulse signal, and the phase of the first voltage pulse signal is different from the phase of the second voltage pulse signal.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the microprocessor is further configured to output a third control signal and a second selection signal, the pulse generation circuit is further configured to generate a third pulse signal and a third stimulation current according to the third control signal, and output the third stimulation current through the first terminal, the channel switching circuit is further configured to select a third conductive line from the plurality of conductive lines according to the second selection signal, and switch the electrical connection of the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit from the first conductive line to the third conductive line, wherein the third conductive line is electrically connected to a third electrode among the plurality of electrodes, and select a fourth conductive line from the plurality of conductive lines according to the second selection signal, and switch the electrical connection of the second terminal of the pulse generation circuit from the second conductive line to the fourth conductive line, wherein the fourth conductive line is electrically connected to a fourth electrode among the plurality of electrodes, outputting the third stimulation current to a third part of the skin through the third conductive line and the third electrode, and receiving a third feedback current from a fourth part of the skin through the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode.

[0011] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the microprocessor is further configured to output a fourth control signal, the pulse generation circuit is configured to generate a fourth pulse signal and a fourth stimulation current according to the fourth control signal, and output the fourth stimulation current through the second terminal, and the channel switching circuit is further configured to output the fourth stimulation current to the fourth part of the skin through the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode, and to receive a fourth feedback current from the third part of the skin through the third conductive line and the third electrode.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first state of this disclosure, the third control signal is a third pulse width modulation signal, the fourth control signal is a fourth pulse width modulation signal, and the phase of the third pulse width modulation signal is different from the phase of the fourth pulse width modulation signal.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the microprocessor is further configured to output a fifth control signal, and the control module further includes a boost circuit electrically connected to the microprocessor and the pulse generation circuit, configured to boost a battery voltage to a working voltage and serve as the voltage source to provide the working voltage, and to adjust the voltage value of the working voltage according to the fifth control signal, and the H-bridge circuit receives the working voltage via the first switch and the third switch, and is further configured to generate the first pulse signal and the first stimulation current according to the first control signal and the working voltage, and to generate the second pulse signal and the second stimulation current according to the second control signal and the working voltage.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the control module further includes a current monitoring circuit electrically connected to the microprocessor and the fourth switch, and configured to receive the first feedback current from the fourth switch in the first on state, generate a first analog signal based on the amplitude of the first feedback current, and transmit the first analog signal to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is further configured to receive the first analog signal, generate a first current value corresponding to the first feedback current based on the first analog signal, compare the first current value with a threshold value, and adjust the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage when the first current value is higher than the threshold value, and adjust the first control signal and the second control signal to reduce the first stimulation current.

[0015] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the current monitoring circuit is further electrically connected to the second switch and configured to receive the second feedback current from the second switch in the second on state, generate a second analog signal based on the amplitude of the second feedback current, and transmit the second analog signal to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is further configured to receive the second analog signal, generate a second current value corresponding to the second feedback current based on the second analog signal, compare the second current value with the threshold value, and adjust the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage when the second current value is higher than the threshold value, and adjust the first control signal and the second control signal to reduce the second stimulation current.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the control module further includes an electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit electrically connected to the microprocessor and the channel switching circuit, and has a first sensing terminal and a second sensing terminal. The microprocessor is further configured to output a third selection signal, and the channel switching circuit is further configured to, according to the third selection signal, electrically connect the first sensing terminal of the EMG sensing circuit to the first conductive line and the first electrode, and electrically connect the second sensing terminal of the EMG sensing circuit to the second conductive line and the second electrode, and receive a first analog voltage signal from the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first analog voltage signal includes signals generated by the human body. The system obtains a first electromyography (EMG) signal and a noise generated by the human body, and filters the noise from the first analog voltage signal to generate a second analog voltage signal. The second analog voltage signal is then transmitted to the microprocessor, which is further configured to receive the second analog voltage signal, obtain the first EMG signal from the second analog voltage signal, analyze the first EMG signal to generate an analysis result, adjust the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage based on the analysis result, and adjust the first control signal and the second control signal to adjust the first stimulation current, or adjust the third control signal and the fourth control signal to adjust the second stimulation current, based on the analysis result.

[0017] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the first analog voltage signal further includes the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal, and the microprocessor is further configured to filter out the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal from the second analog voltage signal to obtain the first electromyographic signal.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the microprocessor is further configured to output a fourth selection signal, and the channel switching circuit is further configured to, according to the fourth selection signal, electrically connect the first sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit to the third conductive line and the third electrode, and electrically connect the second sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit to the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode, receive a third analog voltage signal from the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the third analog voltage signal includes a second electromyography signal generated by the human body and noise generated by the human body, and filter out the noise from the third analog voltage signal to generate a fourth analog voltage signal, and transmit the fourth analog voltage signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is further configured to receive the fourth analog voltage signal, obtain the second electromyography signal from the fourth analog voltage signal, and analyze at least one of the first electromyography signal and the second electromyography signal to generate the analysis result.

[0019] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the control module further includes a gravity sensor electrically connected to the microprocessor and configured to detect a motion state of the human body and generate a sensing signal based on the motion state. The microprocessor is further configured to receive the sensing signal and analyze the sensing signal and at least one of the first electromyography (EMG) signal and the second EMG signal to generate the analysis result.

[0020] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the microprocessor is further configured to generate a first impedance value based on the first current value, generate a second impedance value based on the second current value, and analyze at least one of the sensing signal, the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal, and at least one of the first impedance value and the second impedance value to generate the analysis result.

[0021] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the microprocessor is further configured to execute an artificial intelligence model to analyze the sensing signal, the first electromyographic signal, the second electromyographic signal, the first impedance value, and the second impedance value, and to generate the analysis results, which include the muscle state or movement state of the human body.

[0022] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the wearable device further includes a base fixed to the wearable carrier and having a plurality of first conductive contacts, wherein the plurality of conductive lines are electrically connected to the plurality of conductive contacts of the base. The control module further includes a circuit board and a housing. The circuit board is disposed within the housing and configured to carry the microprocessor, the pulse generation circuit and the channel switching circuit. The housing has a plurality of second conductive contacts that match the plurality of first conductive contacts and are electrically connected to the channel switching circuit on the circuit board. The housing is detachably mounted on the base, such that the channel switching circuit can be electrically connected to the plurality of conductive lines through electrical contact between the plurality of first conductive contacts and the plurality of second conductive contacts.

[0023] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the plurality of conductive lines includes at least one flexible conductive line, and the material of the at least one flexible conductive line is selected from at least one of nylon yarn with a metal coating, carbon fiber, or conductive polymer film.

[0024] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this disclosure, the wearable carrier includes a fabric layer, and the plurality of conductive lines are disposed on the wearable carrier by at least one of the following methods: being fixed to the fabric layer by weaving or embroidery, being printed or coated on the fabric layer with conductive ink, or being fixed to the fabric layer with conductive wires by adhesive material.

[0025] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a method for providing a human body stimulation current is provided. This method is applied to a wearable device, which includes a microprocessor, a pulse generation circuit, a channel switching circuit, multiple electrodes, and multiple conductive lines. The method includes outputting a first control signal and a first selection signal via the microprocessor; generating a first pulse signal and a first stimulation current via the pulse generation circuit according to the first control signal; outputting the first stimulation current via a first terminal of the pulse generation circuit; and selecting a first conductive line from the multiple conductive lines via the channel switching circuit according to the first selection signal. The circuit is configured to electrically connect the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit to the first conductive line, wherein the first conductive line is electrically connected to a first electrode among the plurality of electrodes. According to the first selection signal, a second conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and a second terminal of the pulse generation circuit is electrically connected to the second conductive line, wherein the second conductive line is electrically connected to a second electrode among the plurality of electrodes. The first stimulation current is output to a first part of the skin via the first conductive line and the first electrode, and a first feedback current is received from a second part of the skin via the second conductive line and the second electrode.

[0026] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the method further includes outputting a second control signal via the microprocessor, generating a second pulse signal and a second stimulation current via the pulse generation circuit according to the second control signal, outputting the second stimulation current via the second terminal of the pulse generation circuit, outputting the second stimulation current to the second part of the skin via the second conductive line and the second electrode via the channel switching circuit, and receiving a second feedback current from the first part of the skin via the first conductive line and the first electrode.

[0027] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the method further includes outputting a third control signal and a second selection signal via the microprocessor; generating a third pulse signal and a third stimulation current via the pulse generation circuit according to the third control signal; outputting the third stimulation current via the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit; selecting a third conductive line and a fourth conductive line from the plurality of conductive lines via the channel switching circuit according to the second selection signal; switching the electrical connection of the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit from the first conductive line to the third conductive line; switching the electrical connection of the second terminal of the pulse generation circuit from the second conductive line to the fourth conductive line; outputting the third stimulation current to a third portion of the skin via the third conductive line and a third electrode; and receiving a third feedback current from a fourth portion of the skin via the fourth conductive line and a fourth electrode.

[0028] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the method further includes outputting a fourth control signal via the microprocessor, generating a fourth pulse signal and a fourth stimulation current via the pulse generation circuit according to the fourth control signal, outputting the fourth stimulation current via the second terminal, outputting the fourth stimulation current to the fourth part of the skin via the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode via the channel switching circuit, and receiving a fourth feedback current from the third part of the skin via the third conductive line and the third electrode.

[0029] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the wearable device is further provided with a boost circuit, and the method further includes outputting a fifth control signal via the microprocessor, boosting a battery voltage to a working voltage via the boost circuit and providing the working voltage to the pulse generation circuit as a voltage source, adjusting the voltage value of the working voltage according to the fifth control signal, generating a first pulse signal and a first stimulation current via the pulse generation circuit according to the first control signal and the working voltage, and generating a second pulse signal and a second stimulation current according to the second control signal and the working voltage.

[0030] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the wearable device is further provided with a current monitoring circuit, and the method further includes receiving the first feedback current via the pulse generation circuit, receiving the first feedback current from the pulse generation circuit via the current monitoring circuit, generating a first analog signal based on the amplitude of the first feedback current, transmitting the first analog signal to the microprocessor, receiving the first analog signal via the microprocessor, generating a first current value corresponding to the first feedback current based on the first analog signal, comparing the first current value with a threshold value, and adjusting the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage when the first current value is higher than the threshold value, and adjusting the first control signal and the second control signal to reduce the first stimulation current.

[0031] In some embodiments of the second state of this disclosure, the method further includes receiving the second feedback current via the pulse generation circuit, receiving the second feedback current from the pulse generation circuit via the current monitoring circuit, generating a second analog signal based on the amplitude of the second feedback current, transmitting the second analog signal to the microprocessor, receiving the second analog signal via the microprocessor, generating a second current value corresponding to the second feedback current based on the second analog signal, comparing the second current value with a threshold value, and adjusting the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage when the second current value is higher than the threshold value, and adjusting the first control signal and the second control signal to reduce the second stimulation current.

[0032] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the wearable device is further provided with an electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit having a first sensing terminal and a second sensing terminal. The method further includes outputting a third selection signal via the microprocessor, electrically connecting the first sensing terminal of the EMG sensing circuit to the first conductive line and the first electrode via the channel switching circuit according to the third selection signal, and electrically connecting the second sensing terminal of the EMG sensing circuit to the second conductive line and the second electrode, receiving a first analog voltage signal from the first and second electrodes, wherein the first analog voltage signal includes a first electromyography signal generated by the human body. The signal and a noise generated by the human body, and the noise is filtered out from the first analog voltage signal to generate a second analog voltage signal, and the second analog voltage signal is transmitted to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor receives the second analog voltage signal, obtains the first electromyography (EMG) signal from the second analog voltage signal, analyzes the first EMG signal to generate an analysis result, adjusts the fifth control signal to change the working voltage according to the analysis result, and adjusts the first control signal and the second control signal to adjust the first stimulation current, or adjusts the third control signal and the fourth control signal to adjust the second stimulation current according to the analysis result.

[0033] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the method further includes outputting a fourth selection signal via the microprocessor, electrically connecting the first sensing terminal of the electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit to the third conductive line and the third electrode via the channel switching circuit according to the fourth selection signal, electrically connecting the second sensing terminal of the EMG sensing circuit to the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode, receiving a third analog voltage signal from the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the third analog voltage signal includes a second EMG signal generated by the human body and noise generated by the human body, filtering out the noise from the third analog voltage signal to generate a fourth analog voltage signal, transmitting the fourth analog voltage signal to the microprocessor, receiving the fourth analog voltage signal via the microprocessor, obtaining the second EMG signal from the fourth analog voltage signal, and analyzing at least one of the first EMG signal and the second EMG signal to generate the analysis result.

[0034] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the wearable device is further provided with a gravity sensor, and the method further includes detecting a motion state of the human body via the gravity sensor, generating a sensing signal based on the motion state, receiving the sensing signal via the microprocessor, and analyzing the sensing signal and at least one of the first electromyography signal and the second electromyography signal to generate the analysis result.

[0035] In some embodiments of the second aspect of this disclosure, the method further includes generating a first impedance value based on the first current value and a second impedance value based on the second current value via the microprocessor, and analyzing at least one of the sensing signal, the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal, and at least one of the first impedance value and the second impedance value to generate the analysis result. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 is a functional block diagram of a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a pulse generation circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the signal flow of a control module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 4 is a signal waveform diagram of a boost circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 5A is a signal timing diagram of a pulse generation circuit and a current monitoring circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 5B is a signal waveform diagram of an electromyography sensing circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 6 is a connection diagram of a channel switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 7A is a perspective view of a control module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 7B is an exploded view of a control module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 8 is an exploded view of a base according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an electrode configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 11A is a schematic diagram of a conductive line bonding structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 11B is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of conductive lines on fabric according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 12 is a flowchart of a method for providing human body stimulation current according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 13 is a flowchart of a current monitoring and protection procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 14 is a flowchart of an electromyographic signal-based electrical stimulation adjustment procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 15 is a flowchart of an electrostimulation adjustment procedure based on comprehensive analysis according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Symbol Explanation: 100: Wearable Device; 104: Electrode; 110: Control Module; 112: Microprocessor; 114: Pulse Generation Circuit; 116: Channel Switching Circuit; 118: Boost Circuit; 120: Current Monitoring Circuit; 122: Electromyography Sensing Circuit; 124: Motion Sensor; 126: Power Management Circuit; 128: Power Switch; 130: Base Plate Detection Circuit; 132: Storage Unit; 134: Indicator Unit; 136: Charging Interface; 138: Power Component; 140: User Interface; 202: First Switch; 204: Second Switch Switch 206: Third switch; Switch 208: Fourth switch; Switch 214: Voltage source; N1: First contact; N2: Second contact; TN1: First terminal of pulse generation circuit; TN2: Second terminal of pulse generation circuit; CS1: First control signal; CS2: Second control signal; STN1: First sensing terminal of electromyography sensing circuit; STN2: Second sensing terminal of electromyography sensing circuit; A: PWM control signal; B: Working voltage signal; C: Control signal; D: Positive pulse signal; E: Negative pulse signal; F: Feedback signal; G: Amplified analog signal. Signal H: First sensing potential; I: Second sensing potential; J: Electromyographic signal; C1: First control signal; C2: Second control signal; DE: Biphasic pulse signal; HI: Analog voltage signal; SS: Selection signal; t1, t2, t3, t4, t5: Time points; 700: Control module; 702: Button; 704: Battery; 706: Circuit board; 708: Housing; 800: Base; 802: External base body; 804: Circuit board; 806: Internal base cover; 900: Clothing fabric; 902: Conductive circuit; 1102: Fabric. 1104: Conductive wire; 1106: Conductive ink; 1108: Signal pad; 1110: Circuit board; 1112: Soldering section; 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500: Program; 1202, 1204, 1206, 1208, 1210, 1212: Step; 1302, 1304, 1306, 1308: Step; 1402, 1404, 1406, 1408: Step; 1502, 1504, 1506, 1508, 1510, 1512: Step. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The following description contains specific information relating to exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. The accompanying drawings and detailed descriptions in this disclosure are merely exemplary embodiments. However, this disclosure is not limited to these exemplary embodiments. Other variations and embodiments of this disclosure will be recognized by those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise stated, the same or corresponding elements in the drawings may be represented by the same or corresponding element symbols. Furthermore, the drawings and illustrations in this disclosure are generally not drawn to scale and are not intended to correspond to actual relative dimensions.

[0056] For consistency and ease of understanding, the same features are indicated by element symbols in the exemplary drawings (although they are not indicated in some examples). However, features in different embodiments may differ in other respects and should not be narrowly limited to the features shown in the drawings.

[0057] References to "at least one embodiment," "one embodiment," "multiple embodiments," "different embodiments," "some embodiments," "this embodiment," and similar terms may indicate that embodiments of this disclosure may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every possible embodiment of this disclosure must include these specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, repeated use of terms such as "in one embodiment" or "in this embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although they may be identical. Moreover, when terms such as "implementation" are used in conjunction with "this disclosure," it does not mean that all embodiments of this disclosure must include the specific features, structures, or characteristics, but should be understood as "at least some embodiments of this disclosure" including the specific features, structures, or characteristics. The term "coupled" is defined as a connection, whether direct or indirect through intermediate elements, and is not necessarily limited to physical connections. When the term "comprising" is used, it means "including but not limited to," explicitly indicating that the combinations, groups, series, and equivalents described are open-ended inclusions or relationships.

[0058] Furthermore, for illustrative purposes rather than limiting, specific details such as functional entities, units, technologies, protocols, and standards are described to provide an understanding of the technologies. In other examples, detailed descriptions of well-known methods, technologies, systems, architectures, etc., are omitted to avoid obscuring the explanatory description with unnecessary detail.

[0059] The technology for providing human body stimulation current described in this disclosure can be implemented in various forms. In this specification, the term "wearable device" refers to various devices or systems capable of performing the methods for providing human stimulation currents as described in this disclosure, including but not limited to: (1) wearable electrical stimulation devices, including clothing, sleeves, trousers or other wearable carriers on which electrodes and conductive lines are integrated; (2) electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) systems that integrate components such as control modules, electrodes and sensing circuits, and can be implemented as independent wearable devices or integrated into larger health management systems; (3) application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or system-on-chips (SoCs) that implement the pulse generation, channel switching and sensing control functions described in this disclosure; (4) electrical stimulation control modules that can be installed on wearable carriers as detachable independent units via a base; and (5) general-purpose processors or digital signal processors (DSPs) that execute related software and implement the control logic described in this disclosure. For example, the wearable device of this disclosure may include at least one processing circuit and at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium coupled to the at least one processing circuit. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may store one or more computer-executable instructions. When the one or more computer-executable instructions are executed by the at least one processing circuit, the wearable device will perform the methods, processes, or operations described in this disclosure. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may refer to any medium capable of physically storing program instructions, such as a memory, hard disk, or optical disk.

[0060] The operation of the wearable device in the embodiments of this disclosure can be controlled by a processor. The processor may be implemented by one or more processing circuits (e.g., one or more microprocessors, microcontroller units (MCUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs)) and one or more non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., flash memory, random access memory (RAM), or read-only memory (ROM)) coupled to the one or more processing circuits. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media may store one or more computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processing circuits, cause the wearable device to perform the methods, programs, or operations described in this disclosure.

[0061] Figure 1 is a functional block diagram of a wearable device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wearable device 100 may include a control module 110 and a plurality of electrodes 104. The plurality of electrodes 104 (e.g., electrode #1, electrode #2, ..., electrode #2N) may be disposed on a wearable carrier and configured to contact the skin of a human body. The control module 110 may include a microprocessor 112, a pulse generation circuit 114, a channel switching circuit 116, a boost circuit 118, a current monitoring circuit 120, an electromyography sensing circuit 122, a motion sensor 124, a power management circuit 126, a power switch 128, a base plate detection circuit 130, a storage unit 132, an indicator unit 134, a charging interface 136, a power supply element 138, and an operating interface 140. The various units in the wearable device 100 may be integrated into a single chip or hardware module, or may be implemented separately in different hardware modules. Wearable device 100 can serve as the wearable electrical stimulation device described in this disclosure, configured to perform the methods, processes, or operations described in this disclosure. It should be understood that the configuration of the functional units shown in FIG1 is only one possible implementation; in other implementations, wearable device 100 may include more or fewer functional units than shown in FIG1, and / or the connection relationships between the functional units may differ. For example, the boost circuit 118, pulse generation circuit 114, current monitoring circuit 120, and electromyography sensing circuit 122 in control module 110 may each be one or more. For example, control module 110 may include two or more sets of pulse generation circuits 114, each set of pulse generation circuits 114 being electrically connected via channel switching circuit 116 to different electrode groups among multiple electrodes 104 to simultaneously provide independent electrical stimulation to different body parts. In this configuration, each pulse generation circuit 114 may have its own corresponding boost circuit 118, current monitoring circuit 120, and / or electromyography sensing circuit 122, allowing independent control of the operating voltage, stimulation current parameters, and electromyography sensing of each electrode group. The microprocessor 112 can coordinate the operation of each circuit group, for example, by setting different stimulation modes, stimulation intensities, or stimulation frequencies for different electrode groups. In some embodiments, each electrode group may correspond to different muscle groups in the human body; for example, one electrode group may correspond to the shoulder muscles, and another electrode group may correspond to the lumbar muscles, thereby achieving independent and simultaneous electrical stimulation control of multiple regions. It should be understood that the above configuration of multiple circuits and electrode groups is only one possible implementation; in other embodiments, the number of circuits and the electrode grouping method may vary depending on actual needs.

[0062] The microprocessor 112 can serve as the logic core of the control module 110, configured to output one or more control signals and selection signals to coordinate the operation of various functional units within the control module 110. The microprocessor 112 can be configured with multiple general-purpose input / output (GPIO) pins or pulse width modulation (PWM) output control terminals. The microprocessor 112 can be electrically connected to the pulse generation circuit 114, channel switching circuit 116, boost circuit 118, current monitoring circuit 120, electromyography sensing circuit 122, motion sensor 124, storage unit 132, and indicator unit 134. The microprocessor 112 can internally store preset control strategies to generate and output multiple control signals and selection signals. In some implementations, there may be multiple pulse generation circuits 114 (e.g., more than two). The microprocessor 112 may provide at least one set of mutually compensating or timing-controlled logic signals to these pulse generation circuits 114 to define the phase and width of the output voltage pulses of each of these pulse generation circuits 114. In addition, the microprocessor 112 may output multiple selection signals to the channel switching circuit 116 to determine the physical path of the stimulation current output.

[0063] The pulse generation circuit 114 is electrically connected between the microprocessor 112 and the channel switching circuit 116, and has a first terminal TN1 and a second terminal TN2. The pulse generation circuit 114 can serve as a power stage, configured to convert the low-level logic signal output by the microprocessor 112 into a high-voltage pulse signal to output current. The pulse generation circuit 114 can generate pulse signals and stimulation current according to the control signals output by the microprocessor 112, and output the stimulation current via the first terminal TN1 or the second terminal TN2. In some embodiments, the pulse generation circuit 114 may include an H-bridge circuit, the structure and operation of which will be further explained in FIG2.

[0064] A channel switching circuit 116 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 112, the pulse generation circuit 114, the electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit 122, and the plurality of electrodes 104. The wearable device 100 may include a plurality of conductive lines disposed on a wearable carrier and electrically connected to the plurality of electrodes 104. The channel switching circuit 116 can be configured to select a set of conductive lines from the plurality of conductive lines according to a selection signal output by the microprocessor 112, so as to electrically connect the first terminal TN1 and the second terminal TN2 of the pulse generation circuit 114 to the selected conductive line and its corresponding electrode 104, respectively. The channel switching circuit 116 can also connect the sensing terminal of the EMG sensing circuit 122 to the selected electrode 104 for EMG sensing. A detailed architecture of an example of the channel switching circuit 116 will be further illustrated in FIG. 6.

[0065] The boost circuit 118 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 112 and the pulse generation circuit 114. The boost circuit 118 may be a DC-DC boost converter configured to boost the battery voltage supplied by the power supply element 138 to an operating voltage and serve as a voltage source to provide the operating voltage to the pulse generation circuit 114 and the channel switching circuit 116. For example, the battery voltage may be approximately 3.7V of a lithium polymer battery, and the operating voltage range may be approximately 20V to approximately 70V, but is not limited to these values. The boost circuit 118 can adjust the operating voltage value according to the control signal output by the microprocessor 112. An example of the operation of the boost circuit 118 will be further illustrated in Figure 4.

[0066] A current monitor 120 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 112 and the pulse generation circuit 114. The current monitor 120 can be configured to detect the feedback current flowing through the pulse generation circuit 114, generate a corresponding analog signal based on the amplitude of the feedback current, and transmit this analog signal to the microprocessor 112. Since the amplitude of the feedback current is typically very small, the current monitor 120 may include an amplifier to amplify the small voltage signal corresponding to the feedback current to a range sampled by the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the microprocessor 112. The microprocessor 112 can generate a current value based on this analog signal and compare it with a threshold value to determine whether to reduce the stimulation current, thereby achieving a safety protection function.

[0067] In some embodiments, the current monitoring circuit 120 can also be used as an impedance detection circuit. Specifically, the current monitoring circuit 120 measures the feedback current flowing between the electrode 104 and the skin, and the microprocessor 112 calculates the impedance value in the current loop formed by the two electrodes 104 and the skin based on the current value of the feedback current and the known operating voltage. Thus, the wearable device 100 can detect the impedance of each electrode 104 in contact with the skin in real time through the coordinated operation of the current monitoring circuit 120 and the microprocessor 112. For example, if the calculated impedance value is abnormally high, it may indicate poor contact between the electrode 104 and the skin; if the impedance value is abnormally low, it may indicate high skin surface moisture. The microprocessor 112 can adaptively adjust the parameters of the stimulation current based on changes in the impedance value, or issue a prompt to the user through the indicator unit 134. Furthermore, the impedance value can also be used as one of the input parameters for the microprocessor 112 during comprehensive analysis. For example, the microprocessor 112 can combine the impedance value with the sensing signal provided by the motion sensor 124 and the electromyography signal provided by the electromyography sensing circuit 122 as input to the artificial intelligence model, so as to more comprehensively determine the muscle movement state of the human body and adjust the parameters of the stimulation current accordingly.

[0068] An electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit 122 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 112 and the channel switching circuit 116, and has a first sensing terminal STN1 and a second sensing terminal STN2. The EMG sensing circuit 122 can be configured to connect to a selected electrode 104 via the channel switching circuit 116 to receive analog voltage signals generated by human muscles. The EMG sensing circuit 122 can filter the received analog voltage signals to remove interference from human noise and / or pulse signals to obtain electromyographic signals, and transmit the processed signals to the microprocessor 112 for analysis. In some embodiments, the EMG sensing circuit 122 can connect to the electrode 104 via the channel switching circuit 116 to perform EMG sensing during a period when the pulse generation circuit 114 pauses the output of the stimulation current. An example of signal processing by the EMG sensing circuit 122 will be further illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B.

[0069] Motion sensor 124 may be electrically connected to microprocessor 112 and configured to detect the motion state of a human body and generate a sensing signal based on the motion state. In some embodiments, motion sensor 124 may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and / or a gravity sensor (G-sensor). Microprocessor 112 may receive the sensing signal from motion sensor 124 and perform comprehensive analysis in conjunction with the electromyography (EMG) signal from EMG sensing circuit 122 to determine the muscle movement state of the human body.

[0070] Power management circuitry 126 is electrically connected to charging interface 136 and power element 138, configured to manage the charging and discharging of power element 138. In some embodiments, power management circuitry 126 is implemented, for example, as a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). Power switch 128 is electrically connected to power management circuitry 126 and microprocessor 112, configured to control the power on / off of wearable device 100. Baseboard detection circuitry 130 is electrically connected to power switch 128. Baseboard detection circuitry 130 can be configured to detect whether control module 110 is correctly mounted on the base.

[0071] Storage unit 132 is electrically connected to microprocessor 112 and configured to store control strategies, program code, computational data, and artificial intelligence models and related parameters. In some embodiments, storage unit 132 may include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or read-only memory (ROM). In some embodiments, storage unit 132 may also include volatile memory, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), for temporary data storage by microprocessor 112 during computation. In some embodiments, storage unit 132 may include a combination of non-volatile memory and volatile memory.

[0072] The indicator unit 134 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 112 and configured to provide the user with device status information, such as power status, charging status, operating mode, and electrical stimulation intensity level. In some embodiments, the indicator unit 134 may provide status indication in the form of a light signal using a light-emitting diode (LED). In some embodiments, the indicator unit 134 may provide status indication or warning in the form of an audible sound using a buzzer or speaker. In some embodiments, the indicator unit 134 may provide status information in the form of a visual image using a display panel (e.g., a liquid crystal display or an organic light-emitting diode display). In some embodiments, the indicator unit 134 may provide status indication in the form of a tactile sound using a vibration motor. In some embodiments, the indicator unit 134 may employ any combination of the above methods.

[0073] The charging interface 136 may include a USB Type-C interface, a Micro-USB interface, or a Lightning interface for connecting to an external power source for charging and / or data transfer. In some embodiments, the charging interface 136 may also include a wireless charging interface (e.g., a wireless charging module based on electromagnetic induction or magnetic resonance) for wireless charging. The power supply element 138 may include a rechargeable battery, such as a lithium polymer battery, a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery (NiMH), or a solid-state battery. In some embodiments, the power supply element 138 may also include a non-rechargeable disposable battery, such as a button cell battery or an alkaline battery. In some embodiments, the power supply element 138 may also include a supercapacitor for use alone or in conjunction with the aforementioned batteries.

[0074] The user interface 140 may include physical buttons configured for user operation. For example, the user interface 140 may include two buttons, one corresponding to the "on / increase intensity" function and the other corresponding to the "off / decrease intensity" function. When the wearable device 100 is idle, pressing and holding the first button will activate a preset electrical stimulation program. When the wearable device 100 is in operation, pressing the first button once will increase the stimulation voltage, pressing and holding the first button will switch the operating mode, pressing the second button once will decrease the stimulation voltage, and pressing and holding the second button will turn off the wearable device 100. In some embodiments, pressing and holding both buttons simultaneously for a preset time (e.g., about 3 seconds) will activate the Bluetooth connection function. It should be understood that the above button configuration and function assignment are only one possible implementation, and different button configurations or function assignments may be used in other implementations. In some embodiments, the control module 110 may further include a Bluetooth communication module for wireless communication with external devices (e.g., smartphone applications). In some embodiments, the user interface 140 may also include a touch panel, allowing users to operate it via touch gestures (such as clicking, swiping, or long-pressing). In some embodiments, the user interface 140 may also include a knob or dial, allowing users to adjust stimulation intensity or switch modes by rotation. In some embodiments, the user interface 140 may also include a voice recognition module, allowing users to control the wearable device 100 via voice commands. In some embodiments, the wearable device 100 may not have a physical user interface, but may be remotely operated and controlled entirely through an external device (such as a smartphone application connected via Bluetooth). It should be understood that the various forms of user interfaces described above can be used individually or in combination, and are not limited to the types listed above.

[0075] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a pulse generation circuit 114 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be considered as a detailed embodiment of the pulse generation circuit 114 shown in Figure 1, but is not limited thereto. As shown in Figure 2, the pulse generation circuit 114 may include an H-bridge circuit having a first switch 202, a second switch 204, a third switch 206, and a fourth switch 208. The H-bridge circuit can be configured to selectively operate between a first on state and a second on state.

[0076] Specifically, the first switch 202 and the second switch 204 can be connected in series via a first contact N1. The first switch 202 can be electrically connected to a voltage source 214, and the second switch 204 can be electrically coupled to a ground. The first terminal TN1 of the pulse generating circuit 114 can be electrically connected to the first contact N1. The third switch 206 and the fourth switch 208 can be connected in series via a second contact N2. The third switch 206 can be electrically connected to the voltage source 214, and the fourth switch 208 can be electrically coupled to the ground. The second terminal TN2 of the pulse generating circuit 114 can be electrically connected to the second contact N2. The voltage source 214 can be implemented by the operating voltage provided by the boost circuit 118, and its voltage range can be, for example, from about 20V to about 70V, but is not limited thereto. The current monitoring circuit 120 may be electrically connected to the ground path of the pulse generation circuit 114 (e.g., electrically connected between the fourth switch 208 and / or the second switch 204 and ground) to detect the feedback current flowing through the pulse generation circuit 114.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first switch 202, the second switch 204, the third switch 206, and the fourth switch 208 may each include a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). In other embodiments, the first to fourth switches 202 may also be implemented by other suitable switching elements, such as bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) or insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The microprocessor 112 may provide a first control signal CS1 and a second control signal CS2 to the H-bridge circuit of the pulse generation circuit 114. The first control signal CS1 controls the on and off states of the first switch 202 and the fourth switch 208, and the second control signal CS2 controls the on and off states of the second switch 204 and the third switch 206. In some implementations, the first control signal CS1 may be a first voltage pulse signal, and the second control signal CS2 may be a second voltage pulse signal, wherein the phase of the first voltage pulse signal is different from the phase of the second voltage pulse signal.

[0078] In the first conducting state, the first switch 202 and the fourth switch 208 are turned on according to the first control signal CS1, while the second switch 204 and the third switch 206 are turned off according to the second control signal CS2. At this time, the first stimulation current can flow from the voltage source 214 through the first switch 202, the first contact N1, and the first terminal TN1, and is guided by the channel switching circuit 116 to the first conductive line and the first electrode, and is output to the first part of the human skin through the first electrode. At the same time, the first feedback current can flow from the second part of the skin into the second electrode, through the second conductive line, the second terminal TN2, the second contact N2 and the fourth switch 208, and flow to ground. In the first conducting state, the pulse generating circuit 114 can output a positive pulse through the first terminal TN1.

[0079] In the second conducting state, the first switch 202 and the fourth switch 208 are de-conducted according to the first control signal CS1, while the second switch 204 and the third switch 206 are turned on according to the second control signal CS2. At this time, the second stimulation current flows from the voltage source 214 through the third switch 206, the second contact N2, and the second terminal TN2, and is guided by the channel switching circuit 116 to the second conductive line and the second electrode, and then output to the second part of the skin via the second electrode. Simultaneously, the second feedback current flows from the first part of the skin into the first electrode, through the first conductive line, the first terminal TN1, the first contact N1, and the second switch 204, and flows to ground. In the second conducting state, the pulse generation circuit 114 outputs a negative pulse via the second terminal TN2.

[0080] By precisely timing the switching elements of the H-bridge circuit through microprocessor 112, pulse generation circuit 114 can generate biphasic symmetrical or asymmetrical pulsed currents. Biphasic pulses can effectively reduce the accumulation of chemicals (such as ions) under the skin-electrode contact surface, thereby reducing the risk of skin irritation. In some embodiments, microprocessor 112 can be programmed to ensure that the integral area (i.e., charge) of the positive half-wave is approximately equal to that of the negative half-wave; this symmetrical waveform provides a more natural and rhythmic muscle contraction experience. In other embodiments, microprocessor 112 can generate asymmetrical biphasic pulses to accommodate different electrical stimulation needs. Furthermore, to prevent short circuits, microprocessor 112 can be configured to insert a dead time between switching between the first and second conduction states to ensure that the first switch 202 and the second switch 204 (or the third switch 206 and the fourth switch 208) do not conduct simultaneously.

[0081] The current monitoring circuit 120 can be electrically connected between the fourth switch 208 (and / or the second switch 204) and the microprocessor 112. In a first on state, the current monitoring circuit 120 can receive a first feedback current from the fourth switch 208, generate a first analog signal based on the amplitude of the first feedback current, and then transmit the first analog signal to the microprocessor 112. In a second on state, the current monitoring circuit 120 can receive a second feedback current from the second switch 204, generate a second analog signal based on the amplitude of the second feedback current, and then transmit the second analog signal to the microprocessor 112.

[0082] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the signal flow of a control module 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 shows the signal transmission paths between the functional units in the control module 110. The signal flow within the control module 110 is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 3.

[0083] Microprocessor 112 outputs a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal to boost circuit 118. Microprocessor 112 can control the output voltage of boost circuit 118 by adjusting the duty cycle of PWM control signal A. Boost circuit 118 outputs operating voltage signal B, i.e., operating voltage (e.g., approximately 20V to approximately 70V), which can be supplied to pulse generation circuit 114 as voltage source 214. Microprocessor 112 outputs control signal C (i.e., first control signal CS1 and / or second control signal CS2) to pulse generation circuit 114 to control the on / off state of each switch in the H-bridge circuit. Pulse generation circuit 114 outputs positive pulse signal D and negative pulse signal E via first terminal TN1 and second terminal TN2, which can be transmitted to channel switching circuit 116. Pulse generation circuit 114 outputs a feedback signal F corresponding to the feedback current to current monitoring circuit 120. The current monitoring circuit 120 amplifies the feedback signal F to generate an amplified analog signal G, and transmits the amplified analog signal G back to the microprocessor 112. The microprocessor 112 can convert the value of the amplified analog signal G into a current value. The channel switching circuit 116 can electrically connect the first sensing terminal STN1 and the second sensing terminal STN2 of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to two electrodes 104 of the plurality of electrodes 104, respectively, according to a selection signal, to receive an analog voltage signal formed by the potential difference between the first sensing potential H and the second sensing potential I from the two electrodes 104 (e.g., electrode #1 and electrode #2, electrode #3 and electrode #4, or any two randomly selected electrodes). The electromyography sensing circuit 122 receives the analog voltage signal and filters out noise from the analog voltage signal to generate an electromyography signal J, which is transmitted to the microprocessor 112. In addition, the microprocessor 112 can output a selection signal SS to the channel switching circuit 116 to select the conductive line connected to a specific electrode 104.

[0084] Figure 4 is a signal waveform diagram of a boost circuit 118 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the PWM control signal A is a PWM signal generated by the microprocessor 112, whose voltage can switch between 0V and approximately 3V. The duty cycle of the PWM control signal A can be defined as (t1 / t2)×100%, where time t1 can be the high-level duration of the pulse (i.e., the pulse width), and time t2 can be the period of the PWM control signal A. The microprocessor 112 can control the output voltage value of the boost circuit 118 by adjusting the duty cycle. The operating voltage signal B is the output operating voltage of the boost circuit 118, which can output a stable DC voltage in the range of 20V to 70V according to the duty cycle of the PWM control signal A. In some embodiments, the microprocessor 112 can dynamically adjust the duty cycle of the PWM control signal A according to user operation (e.g., increasing or decreasing the voltage through the operating interface 140) or according to the feedback signal from the current monitoring circuit 120, thereby changing the voltage value of the operating voltage. It should be understood that the voltage value range shown in Figure 4 is only an example, and different values ​​may be present in other embodiments.

[0085] Figure 5A is a signal timing diagram of the pulse generation circuit 114 and the current monitoring circuit 120 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5A, the voltage of the first control signal C1 (the first control signal CS1 in Figure 2) can switch between 0V and approximately 3V to control the conduction and cutoff of the first switch 202 and the fourth switch 208 in the H-bridge circuit. The voltage of the second control signal C2 (the second control signal CS2 in Figure 2) can switch between 0V and approximately 3V to control the conduction and cutoff of the second switch 204 and the third switch 206 in the H-bridge circuit. The first control signal C1 and the second control signal C2 can be voltage pulse signals with different phases, that is, when the first control signal C1 is at a high level, the second control signal C2 is at a low level, and vice versa. A dead time may exist between the switching of the first control signal C1 and the second control signal C2 to avoid short circuits.

[0086] The positive pulse signal D and the negative pulse signal E form a biphase pulse signal DE, which can represent the pulse signals output from the first terminal TN1 and the second terminal TN2 of the pulse generation circuit 114 to the channel switching circuit 116. When the first switch 202 and the fourth switch 208 are turned on (the first control signal C1 is at a high level), the positive pulse signal D is positive (e.g., about +20V to about +70V); when the second switch 204 and the third switch 206 are turned on (the second control signal C2 is at a high level), the negative pulse signal E is negative (e.g., about -20V to about -70V). This can be used as an example of the waveform of a biphase pulse signal.

[0087] The feedback signal F can be a small voltage signal (e.g., in the range of approximately 0V to approximately 0.01V) corresponding to the feedback current received by the current monitoring circuit 120. Since the amplitude of the feedback signal F is very small, the current monitoring circuit 120 can amplify the feedback signal F into an amplified analog signal G (e.g., in the range of approximately 0V to approximately 3V) for sampling and conversion by the ADC of the microprocessor 112. The microprocessor 112 can then calculate the corresponding current value based on the value of the amplified analog signal G.

[0088] As shown in Figure 5A, time points t1, t2, t3, t4, and t5 are marked on the time axis. Between time points t1 and t2, the first control signal C1 can be at a high level, and the pulse generation circuit 114 can be in a first conducting state to generate a positive pulse signal. Between time points t2 and t3, there is a dead time, and both the first control signal C1 and the second control signal C2 are at a low level. Between time points t3 and t4, the second control signal C2 can be at a high level, and the pulse generation circuit 114 can be in a second conducting state to generate a negative pulse signal. Between time points t4 and t5 (i.e., the interval between the two sets of pulses), the pulse generation circuit 114 can pause the output of the stimulation current. This time interval can be used as a window period for electromyography (EMG) sensing. During this period, the channel switching circuit 116 can connect the sensing terminal of the EMG sensing circuit 122 to the selected electrode 104 for EMG sensing.

[0089] Figure 5B is a signal waveform diagram in an electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit 122 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The potential difference between the first sensing potential H and the second sensing potential I forms an analog voltage signal HI, which can represent the sensing signals transmitted by the channel switching circuit 116 to the first sensing terminal STN1 and the second sensing terminal STN2 of the EMG sensing circuit 122. The analog voltage signal HI can be an analog voltage signal generated by human muscles, and its amplitude range can be approximately ±1mV. The analog voltage signal HI can include EMG signals generated by the human body and noise generated by the human body (e.g., bioelectrical noise, environmental interference, etc.). In some embodiments, the analog voltage signal HI may also contain residual pulse signals generated by the pulse generation circuit 114. It should be understood that the analog voltage signal HI can be measured between time point t4 and time point t5 shown in Figure 5A (i.e., during the pulse gap) to reduce interference from the pulse signal. The EMG signal J can be a signal processed by the EMG sensing circuit 122, and its amplitude can be approximately 0V to approximately 500mV. The electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit 122 can filter the received analog voltage signal HI to remove interference from human noise and / or pulse signals, thereby obtaining a relatively pure EMG signal J. The microprocessor 112 can receive the EMG signal J and perform subsequent analysis.

[0090] Figure 6 is a connection diagram of the channel switching circuit 116 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, the channel switching circuit 116 can adopt a matrix-type architecture, selectively and electrically connecting the first terminal TN1 and the second terminal TN2 of the pulse generation circuit 114, and the first sensing terminal STN1 and the second sensing terminal STN2 of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to any electrode among the plurality of electrodes 104. The plurality of electrodes 104 may include electrode #1, electrode #2, electrode #3, ..., electrode #2N. Wherein N can represent the number of channels, that is, the wearable device 100 can support N channels, each channel can correspond to a pair of electrodes (one supply electrode and one feedback electrode), so the total number of the plurality of electrodes 104 can be 2N. For example, when N is 12, the plurality of electrodes 104 can include 24 electrodes (electrode #1 to electrode #24), but the value of N is not limited to this. In the matrix architecture shown in Figure 6, any one of the available channels can be independently set as positive or negative, meaning that multiple channels can be set as positive and multiple channels can be set as negative simultaneously.

[0091] In some embodiments, the channel switching circuit 116 can select, according to a first selection signal output by the microprocessor 112, a first conductive line connected to the first electrode and a second conductive line connected to the second electrode, and connect the first terminal TN1 of the pulse generating circuit 114 to the first conductive line and the second terminal TN2 to the second conductive line to electrically stimulate the skin area between the first and second electrodes. In some embodiments, the microprocessor 112 can output a second selection signal, causing the channel switching circuit 116 to switch the electrical connection of the first terminal TN1 of the pulse generating circuit 114 from the first conductive line to the third conductive line connected to the third electrode, and switch the electrical connection of the second terminal TN2 from the second conductive line to the fourth conductive line connected to the fourth electrode, to electrically stimulate different skin areas. Through the rapid scanning function of the channel switching circuit 116, a single pulse generating circuit 114 can provide cyclical electrical stimulation to multiple areas in a very short time (e.g., milliseconds), thereby achieving the effect of simultaneous stimulation of multiple areas as perceived by the user, while reducing hardware costs and power consumption.

[0092] In some embodiments, the channel switching circuit 116 may include multiple switching units, such as photoMOS relays or high-voltage analog switches. The channel switching circuit 116 may have a positive / negative polarity switching function; that is, the channel switching circuit 116 can not only determine which channel the current flows to, but also further select a specific electrode as the positive pole for current entering the skin or the negative pole for current leaving the skin. This dual polarity control is achieved through the first-level switching of the H-bridge circuit of the pulse generation circuit 114 and the second-level switching of the channel switching circuit 116, thus providing great flexibility. In other embodiments, the channel switching circuit 116 may also employ a multiplexer / demultiplexer architecture instead of the matrix architecture shown in Figure 6. The multiplexer / demultiplexer architecture may include a P-channel path and an N-channel path, wherein only one channel can be set as positive and only one channel can be set as negative at a time. It should be understood that the above architecture is only an example of a possible implementation of the channel switching circuit 116, and in other implementations, the channel switching circuit 116 may also adopt other suitable architectures.

[0093] The microprocessor 112 can also selectively connect the first sensing terminal STN1 and the second sensing terminal STN2 of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to a specific electrode 104 via the channel switching circuit 116 to perform electromyography sensing on a specific muscle group. In some embodiments, the microprocessor 112 can detect the impedance generated when each electrode 104 contacts human skin in real time via the channel switching circuit 116 to ensure that the electrode pads are in normal condition and that the electrode pads are in normal contact with the skin.

[0094] Figure 7A is a perspective view of a control module 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7B is an exploded view of a control module 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The control module 700 may correspond to an example of the physical form of the control module 110 of Figure 1. As shown in Figures 7A and 7B, the control module 700 may include a button 702, a battery 704, a circuit board 706, and a housing 708. The button 702 may correspond to the user interface 140 of Figure 1, which may be disposed on the outer surface of the housing 708 for user operation. The battery 704 may correspond to the power supply element 138 of Figure 1, which may be a lithium polymer battery or a lithium-ion battery. The circuit board 706 may be disposed inside the housing 708 and configured to carry functional circuits such as a microprocessor 112, a pulse generation circuit 114, a channel switching circuit 116, a boost circuit 118, a current monitoring circuit 120, and an electromyography sensing circuit 122. The circuit board 706 may have multiple connection pins to form electrical contact with conductive contacts on the base (as shown in Figure 8). The housing 708 may be composed of multiple components (e.g., an upper housing, a lower housing, and a connector housing), and may have multiple second conductive contacts (e.g., connection pins) to form electrical contact with multiple first conductive contacts on the base. In some embodiments, a charging interface (e.g., a USB Type-C interface) may be provided on the side of the housing 708.

[0095] Figure 8 is an exploded view of a base 800 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 8, the base 800 may include an outer base body 802, a circuit board 804, and an inner base cover 806. The base 800 may be fixed to a wearable carrier (e.g., the fabric of clothing). The outer base body 802 may be located on the outer side of the wearable carrier (i.e., the side facing outwards), and the inner base cover 806 may be located on the inner side of the wearable carrier (i.e., the side facing human skin). The circuit board 804 may be disposed between the outer base body 802 and the inner base cover 806. The outer base body 802 may be provided with a plurality of first conductive contacts, which may form matching electrical contacts with a plurality of second conductive contacts on the housing 708 of the control module 700. The circuit board 804 may electrically connect the plurality of first conductive contacts to a plurality of conductive lines on the wearable carrier. In some embodiments, the outer base body 802 and the inner base cover 806 may be bonded using adhesive or ultrasonic bonding techniques to securely fix the base 800 to the fabric of the wearable carrier. Other suitable fixing methods may also be used in other embodiments. The control module 700 is detachably mounted on the base 800 such that the channel switching circuit 116 of the control module 700 can be electrically connected to multiple conductive lines on the wearable carrier via electrical contacts between multiple first conductive contacts and multiple second conductive contacts. In some embodiments, the base plate detection circuit 130 can detect whether the control module 700 is correctly mounted on the base 800, for example, by detecting the electrical connection status between the first conductive contacts and the second conductive contacts.

[0096] Figure 9 is a schematic layout diagram of a wearable device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 9, the wearable device 100 may include a clothing fabric 900, a plurality of electrodes 104, conductive lines 902, and a control module 700. The clothing fabric 900 serves as a wearable carrier and is configured to be worn on the human body. The plurality of electrodes 104 may be disposed on the clothing fabric 900 and configured to contact the skin of the human body to provide electrical stimulation to different muscle groups. The conductive lines 902 may be disposed on the clothing fabric 900 and electrically connected to the plurality of electrodes 104 respectively, and converge to a base 800. The control module 700 may be mounted on a base on the side or back of the clothing fabric 900. As shown in Figure 9, the conductive lines 902 may originate from each electrode 104 and extend along the surface or interior of the clothing fabric 900 to the location where the control module 700 is mounted. In some embodiments, the wearable device 100 may be in the form of clothing (e.g., a bodysuit or vest), and each garment requires only one control module 700 to control the formation of multiple different electrical stimulation circuits between all electrodes 104. In other embodiments, the same design can also be applied to sleeves, trousers, or other forms of wearable carriers.

[0097] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an electrode configuration according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 10, multiple electrodes 104 can be distributed at various muscle groups on the back of the human body. For example, electrodes 104 can be configured in areas such as the shoulders, upper back, middle back, and lower back. It should be understood that the electrode configuration shown in Figure 10 is only one possible example, and in other embodiments, the number, position, and configuration of electrodes 104 may vary depending on the actual electrical stimulation requirements. The shape of electrodes 104 can be any suitable geometric shape, such as circular, square, hexagonal, or other polygonal shapes. The material of electrodes 104 can be conductive polymer, carbon fiber, metal, or yarn with a conductive coating, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0098] Figure 11A is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive line bonding structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 11B is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of conductive lines on fabric according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figures 11A and 11B, the conductive line bonding structure may involve fabric 1102, conductive wire 1104, conductive ink 1106, signal pad 1108, circuit board 1110, and soldering part 1112. In Figure 11B, electrode 104 may be disposed on fabric 1102 and electrically connected to circuit board 1110 through conductive wire 1104. As shown in Figure 11B, the area marked by the dashed box indicates the placement range of electrode 104 on fabric.

[0099] Specifically, the conductive wire 1104 can be fixed to the fabric 1102 by embroidery. Conductive ink 1106 can be coated on the fabric 1102 and contact the conductive wire 1104 to enhance conductivity. The circuit board 1110 can be placed under the fabric 1102, and the signal pads 1108 on the circuit board 1110 can be aligned with the conductive wire 1104. The solder joint 1112 can be formed of a low-melting-point soldering material to bond the signal pads 1108 of the circuit board 1110 to the conductive wire 1104, thereby establishing an electrical connection between the circuit board 1110 and the conductive wire 1104.

[0100] In some embodiments, the conductive lines may be fixed to the fabric layer by weaving or embroidery. In some embodiments, the conductive lines may be printed or coated onto the fabric layer with conductive ink. In some embodiments, the conductive lines may be fixed to the fabric layer by conductive wires using an adhesive material (e.g., a polymer adhesive). These methods may be used alone or in combination. The material of the conductive lines may be selected from metal wires, nylon yarns with a metallic coating, carbon fibers, or conductive polymer films, etc. In some embodiments, the conductive lines may include at least one flexible conductive line with an elongation of more than 50% to accommodate the elasticity of the wearable device. In some embodiments, the conductive wires 1104 may be covered with an insulating polymer material to prevent short circuits between conductive lines or unintended contact with the user's skin. In some embodiments, the conductive lines may also be printed on the fabric using a zig-zag conductive ink pattern to provide flexibility and stretch while maintaining conductivity. In some embodiments, the conductive lines may be located on the same side of the fabric as the electrodes or on the opposite side, depending on specific design requirements. It should be understood that the joining structure shown in Figures 11A and 11B is only one possible implementation. In other implementations, the conductive lines can be directly electrically connected to the circuit board 804 of the base 800 by means of connectors or soldering.

[0101] Figure 12 is a flowchart of a procedure 1200 for providing human body stimulation current according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The overall flow of a method for providing human body stimulation current according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to Figures 1 and 12. This method can be applied to a wearable device, such as the wearable device 100 shown in Figure 1, which includes a microprocessor 112, a pulse generation circuit 114, a channel switching circuit 116, multiple electrodes 104, and multiple conductive lines. Procedure 1200 may include steps 1202, 1204, 1206, 1208, 1210, and 1212.

[0102] In step 1202, the microprocessor 112 can output control signals and selection signals. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can generate a first control signal (e.g., a first control signal CS1) to control the operation of the pulse generation circuit 114, and generate a first selection signal to instruct the channel switching circuit 116 to select a specific conductive line and electrode 104, based on a preset control strategy or user operation instructions. For example, the microprocessor 112 can determine which body parts to be electrically stimulated based on instructions generated by the user pressing a button on the operating interface 140, or based on a preset electrical stimulation program stored in the storage unit 132, and generate corresponding control signals and selection signals accordingly. In other embodiments, the microprocessor 112 can dynamically generate control signals and selection signals based on control instructions transmitted from an external device (e.g., a smartphone application connected via Bluetooth), or based on the analysis results of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 or the sensing signals of the motion sensor 124.

[0103] In step 1204, the pulse generation circuit 114 generates a stimulation current according to the control signal. Specifically, the H-bridge circuit of the pulse generation circuit 114 can turn on the first switch 202 and the fourth switch 208 according to the first control signal CS1 output by the microprocessor 112, so as to generate a first pulse signal and a first stimulation current. The first stimulation current can be output to the channel switching circuit 116 via the first terminal TN1 of the pulse generation circuit 114. In some embodiments, the amplitude, frequency and pulse width of the stimulation current can be adjusted according to the control strategy of the microprocessor 112.

[0104] In step 1206, the channel switching circuit 116 can select a group of conductive lines according to the selection signal, and electrically connect both ends of the pulse generating circuit 114 to the selected conductive lines respectively. Specifically, the channel switching circuit 116 can select a first conductive line from a plurality of conductive lines according to the first selection signal, and electrically connect the first terminal TN1 of the pulse generating circuit 114 to the first conductive line. In this embodiment, the first conductive line can be electrically connected to a first electrode among a plurality of electrodes 104. Simultaneously, the channel switching circuit 116 can select a second conductive line from a plurality of conductive lines according to the first selection signal, and electrically connect the second terminal TN2 of the pulse generating circuit 114 to the second conductive line. In this embodiment, the second conductive line can be electrically connected to a second electrode among a plurality of electrodes 104.

[0105] In step 1208, a stimulating current can be output to the skin via a selected conductive line and electrode, and a feedback current can be received from another electrode. Specifically, a first stimulating current can be output to a first part of the skin via a first conductive line and a first electrode, and a first feedback current can be received from a second part of the skin via a second conductive line and a second electrode.

[0106] In step 1210, the microprocessor 112 can switch the control signal to reverse the current direction, generating a reverse stimulation current to achieve biphasic pulse stimulation. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can output a second control signal (e.g., the second control signal CS2) to switch the H-bridge circuit of the pulse generation circuit 114 to a second conducting state, thereby generating a reverse second pulse signal and a second stimulation current, and outputting the second stimulation current through the second terminal TN2 of the pulse generation circuit 114. The channel switching circuit 116 can output the second stimulation current to the second part of the skin through the second conductive line and the second electrode, and receive the second feedback current from the first part of the skin through the first conductive line and the first electrode. In this way, the pulse generation circuit 114 can generate biphasic pulse outputs with alternating positive and negative pulses to the same pair of electrodes. In some embodiments, the first control signal CS1 can be a first voltage pulse signal, the second control signal CS2 can be a second voltage pulse signal, and the phase of the first voltage pulse signal is different from the phase of the second voltage pulse signal.

[0107] In step 1212, the microprocessor 112 can update the selection signal to switch the two ends of the pulse generation circuit 114 to another set of conductive lines and electrodes, repeating the stimulation process on another body part. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can output a third control signal and a second selection signal. The channel switching circuit 116 can select a third conductive line from among the multiple conductive lines according to the second selection signal, and switch the electrical connection of the first terminal TN1 of the pulse generation circuit 114 from the first conductive line to the third conductive line. In this embodiment, the third conductive line can be electrically connected to a third electrode among the multiple electrodes 104. The channel switching circuit 116 can also select a fourth conductive line from among the multiple conductive lines according to the second selection signal, and switch the electrical connection of the second terminal TN2 of the pulse generation circuit 114 from the second conductive line to the fourth conductive line. In this embodiment, the fourth conductive line can be electrically connected to a fourth electrode among the multiple electrodes 104. The pulse generation circuit 114 can generate a third pulse signal and a third stimulation current according to the third control signal, and output the third stimulation current through the first terminal TN1. Accordingly, the third stimulation current can be output to the third part of the skin through the third conductive line and the third electrode, and receive the third feedback current from the fourth part of the skin through the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode. In some embodiments, the microprocessor 112 can further output a fourth control signal, causing the pulse generation circuit 114 to generate a fourth pulse signal and a fourth stimulation current, and output the fourth stimulation current to the fourth electrode through the second terminal TN2, while receiving the fourth feedback current through the third electrode, thereby realizing biphasic pulse output between the third electrode and the fourth electrode. The wearable device 100 can repeatedly execute steps 1202 to 1212 to perform cyclic electrical stimulation on more body parts.

[0108] In some embodiments, the third control signal may be a third pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, and the fourth control signal may be a fourth PWM signal, wherein the phase of the third PWM signal is different from the phase of the fourth PWM signal. For example, the microprocessor 112 can control the amplitude and waveform of the stimulation current applied to the third and fourth electrodes by adjusting the duty cycle of the third and fourth PWM signals. In other embodiments, the third and fourth control signals may also be voltage pulse signals or other suitable control signal forms.

[0109] It should be noted that the steps and their order shown in program 1200 are only an exemplary implementation, and the actual order and combination of steps can be adjusted according to needs. For example, in some implementations, if only a single site needs to be electrically stimulated without switching to other sites, step 1212 can be omitted. In other implementations, steps 1208 to 1212 can be repeated multiple times as needed to perform cyclic scanning electrical stimulation between multiple channels.

[0110] Through program 1200, wearable device 100 can perform cyclic electrical stimulation on multiple body parts in a short time through a single control module 110 and channel switching circuit 116, effectively reducing hardware cost and power consumption.

[0111] In some embodiments, the microprocessor 112 may output a fifth control signal to the boost circuit 118. The boost circuit 118 may boost the battery voltage of the power supply element 138 to its operating voltage and serve as a voltage source 214 to provide the operating voltage to the pulse generation circuit 114. The boost circuit 118 may adjust the operating voltage value according to the fifth control signal. The H-bridge circuit of the pulse generation circuit 114 may receive the operating voltage via the first switch 202 and the third switch 206, and generate a first pulse signal and a first stimulation current according to the first control signal CS1 and the operating voltage, and generate a second pulse signal and a second stimulation current according to the second control signal CS2 and the operating voltage. For example, when the microprocessor 112 increases the duty cycle of the fifth control signal, the operating voltage of the boost circuit 118 may increase accordingly, thereby increasing the amplitude of the stimulation current generated by the pulse generation circuit 114.

[0112] Figure 13 is a flowchart of a current monitoring and protection procedure 1300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be used as an example of a wearable device 100 further performing safety monitoring operations during the execution of procedure 1200, but is not limited thereto. The current monitoring and protection procedure 1300 may include steps 1302, 1304, 1306 and 1308.

[0113] In step 1302, the current monitoring circuit 120 can detect the feedback current (e.g., the first feedback current or the second feedback current) flowing through the pulse generation circuit 114 and generate a corresponding analog signal. Specifically, the current monitoring circuit 120 can receive the feedback current flowing through the fourth switch 208 (in the first conducting state) or the second switch 204 (in the second conducting state), and generate a corresponding analog signal (e.g., the feedback signal F in FIG. 5A) according to the amplitude of the feedback current, and then amplify the analog signal (e.g., the amplified analog signal G in FIG. 5A) and transmit it to the microprocessor 112.

[0114] In step 1304, the microprocessor 112 can generate a current value corresponding to the feedback current based on the analog signal. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can use its built-in ADC to convert the analog signal into a digital value and calculate the current value according to a preset conversion relationship (e.g., based on the amplification factor and sensing resistance value of the current monitoring circuit 120).

[0115] In step 1306, the microprocessor 112 can compare the current value with a threshold value. This threshold value can be preset in the storage unit 132 and can correspond to the upper limit of the safe operating range. If the current value is not higher than the threshold value, it indicates that the stimulation current is within the safe range, and the wearable device 100 can continue to operate normally.

[0116] If the current value is higher than the threshold value, in step 1308, the microprocessor 112 can adjust the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage of the boost circuit 118 (e.g., reduce the operating voltage), and can adjust the first control signal CS1 and the second control signal CS2 (e.g., reduce the pulse width or reduce the frequency) to reduce the stimulation current, thereby protecting the user.

[0117] In some implementations, the current monitoring circuit 120 can detect the feedback current in a first on state and a second on state, respectively. For example, in the first on state, the current monitoring circuit 120 can receive a first feedback current from the fourth switch 208 and generate a first analog signal. The microprocessor 112 can generate a first current value based on the first analog signal, compare the first current value with a threshold value, and reduce the stimulation current when the first current value is higher than the threshold value. Similarly, in the second on state, the current monitoring circuit 120 can receive a second feedback current from the second switch 204 and generate a second analog signal. The microprocessor 112 can generate a second current value based on the second analog signal, compare the second current value with a threshold value, and reduce the stimulation current when the second current value is higher than the threshold value.

[0118] In some implementations, the microprocessor 112 may generate a first impedance value based on a first current value and a second impedance value based on a second current value. For example, the microprocessor 112 may calculate the impedance value based on a known operating voltage and a measured current value. The impedance value may reflect information such as the contact state between the electrode 104 and the skin, and the dryness or moisture of the skin.

[0119] In some implementations, the microprocessor 112 can also implement constant current control. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can continuously monitor the current value returned by the current monitoring circuit 120, and dynamically adjust the operating voltage of the boost circuit 118 and / or the control signal of the H-bridge circuit to maintain the stimulation current flowing through the human body near the target current value, unaffected by changes in skin dryness or impedance.

[0120] Figure 14 is a flowchart of an electromyography (EMG) signal-based electrical stimulation adjustment procedure 1400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be used as an example of intelligent electrical stimulation control for a wearable device 100, but is not limited thereto. The EMG signal-based electrical stimulation adjustment procedure 1400 may include steps 1402, 1404, 1406, and 1408.

[0121] In step 1402, the channel switching circuit 116 can electrically connect the first sensing terminal STN1 of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to the first conductive line and the first electrode, and electrically connect the second sensing terminal STN2 of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to the second conductive line and the second electrode, according to the third selection signal output by the microprocessor 112. In some embodiments, this step can be performed during the period when the pulse generation circuit 114 pauses the output of the stimulation current (e.g., the interval between time point t4 and time point t5 shown in FIG. 5A).

[0122] In step 1404, the electromyography (EMG) sensing circuit 122 receives a first analog voltage signal (e.g., analog voltage signal HI in FIG. 5B) from the first electrode and the second electrode. This first analog voltage signal may include a first EMG signal generated by the human body and noise generated by the human body. The EMG sensing circuit 122 filters out the noise from the first analog voltage signal to generate a second analog voltage signal (e.g., EMG signal J in FIG. 5B) and transmits the second analog voltage signal to the microprocessor 112. In some embodiments, the first analog voltage signal may further include residual components of the first and second pulse signals generated by the pulse generation circuit 114. In this case, the microprocessor 112 can further filter out the residual components of the first and second pulse signals from the second analog voltage signal to obtain a purer first EMG signal. For example, the microprocessor 112 may employ digital filtering algorithms (e.g., bandpass filters, notch filters, or adaptive filters) to remove residual pulse signals.

[0123] In step 1406, the microprocessor 112 can analyze the first electromyographic signal to generate an analysis result. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can perform time-domain analysis (e.g., calculating root mean square value, integrated electromyographic value, etc.), frequency-domain analysis (e.g., calculating median frequency, average power frequency, etc.), and / or time-frequency domain analysis on the first electromyographic signal to extract feature parameters reflecting muscle state. Based on the extracted feature parameters, the microprocessor 112 can determine the muscle state of the target muscle group, such as muscle tension, muscle fatigue, or pain type. In some embodiments, the microprocessor 112 can execute an artificial intelligence (AI) model to analyze the first electromyographic signal; specific implementations of this AI model will be further described later.

[0124] In step 1408, the microprocessor 112 can adjust the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage based on the analysis results, and / or adjust the first control signal CS1 and the second control signal CS2 to adjust the first stimulation current, or adjust the third control signal and the fourth control signal to adjust the third stimulation current, thereby realizing intelligent electrical stimulation control based on muscle state. For example, if the analysis results show that the target muscle group is in a highly tense state, the microprocessor 112 can adjust the stimulation current to adopt a low-frequency massage mode; if the analysis results show that the target muscle group is in a fatigued state, the microprocessor 112 can adjust the stimulation current to adopt a recovery and promotion mode.

[0125] In some embodiments, the microprocessor 112 may output a fourth selection signal, causing the channel switching circuit 116 to electrically connect the first sensing terminal STN1 of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to the third conductive line and the third electrode, and to electrically connect the second sensing terminal STN2 to the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode. The electromyography sensing circuit 122 may receive a third analog voltage signal from the third and fourth electrodes, wherein the third analog voltage signal may include a second electromyography signal generated by the human body and noise generated by the human body. The electromyography sensing circuit 122 may filter out the noise from the third analog voltage signal to generate a fourth analog voltage signal, and transmit the fourth analog voltage signal to the microprocessor 112. The microprocessor 112 may obtain the second electromyography signal from the fourth analog voltage signal and analyze at least one of the first and second electromyography signals to generate an analysis result. In this way, the microprocessor 112 can acquire electromyography signals from multiple sets of electrodes distributed in different muscle groups to more comprehensively assess the overall muscle state of the human body.

[0126] Figure 15 is a flowchart of an electrostimulation adjustment procedure 1500 based on comprehensive analysis according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be used as an embodiment for advanced intelligent electrostimulation control of wearable device 100, but is not limited thereto. The electrostimulation adjustment procedure 1500 based on comprehensive analysis may include steps 1502, 1504, 1506, 1508, 1510 and 1512.

[0127] In step 1502, the channel switching circuit 116 can electrically connect the first sensing terminal STN1 and the second sensing terminal STN2 of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to the selected electrode 104 according to the selection signal output by the microprocessor 112. This step can be similar to step 1402 in FIG14.

[0128] In step 1504, the electromyography sensing circuit 122 can receive and filter the analog voltage signal to obtain the electromyography signal. This step can be similar to step 1404 in Figure 14.

[0129] In step 1506, the motion sensor 124 can detect the motion state of the human body and generate a sensing signal. Specifically, the motion sensor 124 (e.g., an IMU and / or a G-sensor) can detect information such as the human body's acceleration, angular velocity, or posture, and generate a corresponding sensing signal to be transmitted to the microprocessor 112. For example, the motion sensor 124 can detect whether the user is running, lifting weights, or engaging in other sports, and generate a sensing signal reflecting the type of sports.

[0130] In step 1508, the microprocessor 112 can generate an impedance value based on the current value of the feedback current. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can generate a first impedance value based on a first current value detected by the current monitoring circuit 120, and a second impedance value based on a second current value. The impedance value can reflect the contact state between the electrode 104 and the skin, and can also provide information about the dryness or moisture of the skin.

[0131] It should be understood that steps 1504, 1506, and 1508 can be executed independently, and their execution order is not limited to the order shown in Figure 15. For example, steps 1506 (detecting motion state) and 1508 (generating impedance value) can be executed before step 1504 (obtaining electromyographic signal), or they can be executed simultaneously or in parallel with step 1504. In some embodiments, the wearable device 100 can execute steps 1504, 1506, and 1508 in any order or in parallel according to actual application requirements or hardware resource scheduling, as long as the corresponding electromyographic signal, sensing signal, and / or impedance value have been obtained before entering step 1510.

[0132] In step 1510, the microprocessor 112 can comprehensively analyze the sensing signals, electromyographic signals, and impedance values ​​to determine the muscle movement state of the human body and generate analysis results. Specifically, the microprocessor 112 can use the sensing signals provided by the motion sensor 124, at least one of the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal provided by the electromyographic sensing circuit 122, and at least one of the first impedance value and the second impedance value as inputs for comprehensive analysis.

[0133] In some implementations, the microprocessor 112 may execute an artificial intelligence model to analyze the aforementioned sensing signals, the first electromyographic signal, the second electromyographic signal, the first impedance value, and / or the second impedance value, and generate analysis results. The analysis results may include the body's muscle state (e.g., muscle tension, fatigue, pain, etc.) or movement state (e.g., in motion, at rest, specific movement posture, etc.).

[0134] Regarding specific implementations of the artificial intelligence model, in some embodiments, the artificial intelligence model may include a trained machine learning model, such as an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, a Support Vector Machine (SVM), or a Random Forest. In other embodiments, the artificial intelligence model may also include a rule-based expert system or a combination of the above methods. The artificial intelligence model may be configured to receive multiple feature parameters processed by the microprocessor 112 as input. These input feature parameters may include time-domain features extracted from electromyography (EMG) signals (e.g., root mean square value, integral EMG value, zero crossover rate, etc.), frequency-domain features extracted from EMG signals (e.g., median frequency, average power frequency, etc.), motion features extracted from the sensing signals of the motion sensor 124 (e.g., statistics of triaxial acceleration, rate of change of angular velocity, etc.), and impedance values, etc. The AI ​​model can be configured to output analysis results, such as muscle state classification labels, movement state classification labels, suggested electrical stimulation pattern identifiers, and / or suggested electrical stimulation parameter values.

[0135] In some implementations, the parameters of the artificial intelligence model (e.g., the weights and biases of the neural network) can be pre-trained via an offline training program and stored in storage unit 132. This offline training program can perform supervised learning using a training dataset containing multiple labeled training samples. Each training sample may contain a set of input feature parameters and corresponding labels. In some implementations, the parameters of the artificial intelligence model can be updated via a firmware update program or by downloading them from an external device via wireless communication. In some implementations, the microprocessor 112 can delegate the inference operations of the artificial intelligence model to an external device (e.g., a smartphone connected via Bluetooth) to reduce the computational load on the microprocessor 112.

[0136] In step 1512, the microprocessor 112 can adjust the operating voltage and / or control signal based on the analysis results to adjust the stimulation current. For example, during exercise, the microprocessor 112 can adjust the parameters of the stimulation current in real time based on the type of movement detected by the motion sensor 124 and the muscle activity pattern detected by the electromyography sensing circuit 122 to optimize muscle performance or provide immediate muscle assistance. In another embodiment, the microprocessor 112 can analyze the blood flow status based on the electromyography signal and calculate the optimal muscle contraction pattern to promote local blood circulation through electrical stimulation.

[0137] It should be noted that the methods shown in Figures 13, 14, and 15 are merely exemplary embodiments, and the actual execution order and combination of steps can be adjusted according to requirements. For example, the current monitoring step in Figure 13 can be executed simultaneously or alternately with the electromyography sensing step in Figure 14. Similarly, the execution order of steps 1506 and 1508 in Figure 15 can be interchanged or processed in parallel. In other embodiments, the wearable device 100 may not execute all the steps in Figure 15. For example, when the wearable device 100 does not include the motion sensor 124, step 1506 can be omitted, and the microprocessor 112 can analyze only the electromyography signal and impedance value. Furthermore, in applications where impedance detection is not required, step 1508 can be omitted.

[0138] In some implementations, the wearable device 100 can communicate with an external device (e.g., a smartphone) via a Bluetooth communication module. Users can set electrical stimulation parameters (e.g., mode, intensity, duration, etc.) through an application on the external device, or receive analysis results and operational status reports from the wearable device 100.

[0139] In some implementations, the wearable device 100 may be used in scenarios including, but not limited to: intelligent massage mode (automatically selecting the optimal soothing mode based on electromyography (EMG) sensing results to provide targeted electrical stimulation massage to the user's painful areas), dynamic muscle adjustment (optimizing muscle performance in real time based on exercise status and muscle data during exercise), and blood circulation promotion (analyzing blood flow status based on EMG signals and guiding muscle contraction through electrical stimulation to improve local blood flow). The wearable device 100 can also be used in scenarios such as muscle rehabilitation, pain management, exercise training assistance, and daily health care.

[0140] As described above, since the embodiments of this disclosure control the pulse generation circuit 114 to generate biphasic pulse current through the microprocessor 112 and dynamically select the conductive line and electrode through the channel switching circuit 116, a single control module can control the electrical stimulation of multiple parts, effectively reducing the size, weight and cost of the device. Furthermore, the biphasic pulse output mechanism implemented by the H-bridge circuit of the pulse generation circuit 114 can generate biphasic currents with alternating positive and negative pulses, effectively reducing the accumulation of chemical substances on the skin and electrode contact surface, thereby improving safety. Moreover, through the real-time feedback and threshold comparison mechanism of the current monitoring circuit 120, the microprocessor 112 can dynamically reduce the stimulation current to prevent overcurrent injury and can achieve constant current control to maintain a stable stimulation experience. In addition, through the comprehensive analysis of the electromyography sensing circuit 122 and the motion sensor 124, the microprocessor 112 can adjust the electrical stimulation parameters in real time according to the muscle state and movement state of the human body, achieving intelligent electrical stimulation control. The embodiments disclosed herein not only support applications such as muscle massage and pain relief, but can also be extended to various application scenarios such as sports training optimization, blood circulation promotion and muscle rehabilitation. Furthermore, through the detachable control module and base design, as well as flexible conductive lines of various materials, a lightweight and comfortable wearable electrical stimulation device can be realized.

[0141] Based on the foregoing description, it is evident that various techniques can be used to implement the concepts described in this application without departing from the scope of these concepts. Furthermore, while these concepts have been specifically described with reference to certain embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of these concepts. Therefore, the described embodiments should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive in all respects.

Claims

1. A wearable device for providing electrical stimulation to the human body, comprising: A wearable device, configured to be worn on a human body; Multiple electrodes are disposed on the wearable carrier and configured to contact the skin of the human body; Multiple conductive lines are disposed on the wearable carrier and electrically connected to the multiple electrodes respectively; as well as A control module, including: A microprocessor configured to output a first control signal and a first selection signal; A pulse generation circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor and has a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the pulse generation circuit is configured to generate a first pulse signal and a first stimulation current according to the first control signal, and output the first stimulation current through the first terminal. A channel switching circuit, electrically connected to the microprocessor, and configured to: According to the first selection signal, a first conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and the first terminal of the pulse generating circuit is electrically connected to the first conductive line, wherein the first conductive line is electrically connected to a first electrode among the plurality of electrodes; According to the first selection signal, a second conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and the second terminal of the pulse generating circuit is electrically connected to the second conductive line, wherein the second conductive line is electrically connected to a second electrode among the plurality of electrodes; The first stimulating current is output to a first portion of the skin via the first conductive line and the first electrode; and A first feedback current is received from a second portion of the skin via the second conductive line and the second electrode.

2. The wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The microprocessor is further configured to output a second control signal; The pulse generation circuit is configured to generate a second pulse signal and a second stimulation current according to the second control signal, and output the second stimulation current through the second terminal; The channel switching circuit is further configured to: The second stimulating current is output to the second part of the skin via the second conductive line and the second electrode; and A second feedback current is received from the first portion of the skin via the first conductive line and the first electrode.

3. The wearable device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The pulse generation circuit includes an H-bridge circuit having a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and configured to selectively operate between a first on state and a second on state; The first switch and the second switch are connected in series via a first contact. The first switch is electrically connected to a voltage source, and the second switch is electrically coupled to a ground. The first terminal is electrically connected to the first contact. The third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series via a second contact. The third switch is electrically connected to the voltage source, and the fourth switch is electrically coupled to the ground. The second terminal is electrically connected to the second contact. In this first conducting state: The first switch and the fourth switch are switched on according to the first control signal; The second switch and the third switch are not connected according to the second control signal; The first stimulating current flows through the first switch, the first contact, the first terminal, the first conductive line and the first electrode, and is output to the first part of the skin via the first electrode; and The first feedback current flows from the second portion of the skin into the second electrode, through the second conductive line, the second terminal, the second contact, and the fourth switch, and flows to the ground; and In this second conduction state: The first switch and the fourth switch are not connected according to the first control signal; The second switch and the third switch are switched on according to the second control signal; The second stimulation current flows through the third switch, the second contact, the second terminal, the second conductive line and the second electrode, and is output to the second part of the skin via the second electrode; and The second feedback current flows from the first part of the skin into the first electrode, through the first conductive line, the first end, the first contact and the second switch, and to the ground.

4. The wearable device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The first control signal is a first voltage pulse signal; The second control signal is a second voltage pulse signal; The phase of the first voltage pulse signal is different from the phase of the second voltage pulse signal.

5. The wearable device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The microprocessor is further configured to output a third control signal and a second selection signal; The pulse generation circuit is further configured to generate a third pulse signal and a third stimulation current according to the third control signal, and output the third stimulation current through the first terminal; The channel switching circuit is further configured to: According to the second selection signal, a third conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and the electrical connection of the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit is switched from the first conductive line to the third conductive line, wherein the third conductive line is electrically connected to a third electrode among the plurality of electrodes; According to the second selection signal, a fourth conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and the electrical connection of the second terminal of the pulse generation circuit is switched from the second conductive line to the fourth conductive line, wherein the fourth conductive line is electrically connected to a fourth electrode among the plurality of electrodes. The third stimulation current is output to a third portion of the skin via the third conductive line and the third electrode; and A third feedback current is received from a fourth portion of the skin via the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode.

6. The wearable device as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The microprocessor is further configured to output a fourth control signal; The pulse generation circuit is configured to generate a fourth pulse signal and a fourth stimulation current according to the fourth control signal, and output the fourth stimulation current through the second terminal. The channel switching circuit is further configured to: The fourth stimulating current is output to the fourth part of the skin via the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode; and A fourth feedback current is received from the third part of the skin via the third conductive line and the third electrode.

7. The wearable device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The third control signal is a third pulse width modulation signal; The fourth control signal is a fourth pulse width modulation signal; and The phase of the third pulse width modulation signal is different from the phase of the fourth pulse width modulation signal.

8. The wearable device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The microprocessor is further configured to output a fifth control signal; The control module further includes a boost circuit, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor and the pulse generation circuit, and is configured to: To boost the voltage of a battery to an operating voltage and use it as a voltage source to provide that operating voltage; and According to the fifth control signal, adjust the voltage value of the operating voltage; and The H-bridge circuit receives the operating voltage via the first switch and the third switch, and is further configured to: Based on the first control signal and the operating voltage, the first pulse signal and the first stimulation current are generated; and The second pulse signal and the second stimulation current are generated based on the second control signal and the operating voltage.

9. The wearable device of claim 8, wherein, The control module further includes: A current monitoring circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor and the fourth switch, and is configured to: In this first conducting state, the first feedback current is received from the fourth switch; A first analog signal is generated based on the amplitude of the first feedback current; and The first analog signal is transmitted to the microprocessor; The microprocessor is further configured to: Receive the first analog signal; Based on the first analog signal, a first current value corresponding to the first feedback current is generated; The first current value is compared with a threshold value, and When the first current value is higher than the threshold value, the fifth control signal is adjusted to change the operating voltage, and the first control signal and the second control signal are adjusted to reduce the first stimulation current.

10. The wearable device of claim 9, wherein: The current monitoring circuit is electrically connected to the second switch and configured to: In the second conducting state, the second feedback current is received from the second switch; A second analog signal is generated based on the amplitude of the second feedback current; and The second analog signal is transmitted to the microprocessor; The microprocessor is further configured to: Receive the second analog signal; Based on the second analog signal, a second current value corresponding to the second feedback current is generated; The second current value is compared with the threshold value, and When the second current value is higher than the threshold value, the fifth control signal is adjusted to change the operating voltage, and the first control signal and the second control signal are adjusted to reduce the second stimulation current.

11. The wearable device of claim 10, wherein: The control module further includes an electromyography sensing circuit, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor and the channel switching circuit, and has a first sensing terminal and a second sensing terminal. The microprocessor is further configured to output a third selection signal; The channel switching circuit is further configured to: According to the third selection signal, the first sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the first conductive line and the first electrode, and the second sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the second conductive line and the second electrode. A first analog voltage signal is received from the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first analog voltage signal includes a first electromyographic signal generated by the human body and a noise generated by the human body; and The noise is filtered out from the first analog voltage signal to generate a second analog voltage signal, and the second analog voltage signal is transmitted to the microprocessor. as well as The microprocessor is further configured to: Receive the second analog voltage signal; The first electromyographic signal is obtained from the second analog voltage signal; The first electromyographic signal is analyzed to produce an analysis result; Based on the analysis results, adjust the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage; and Based on the analysis results, the first control signal and the second control signal are adjusted to adjust the first stimulation current, or the third control signal and the fourth control signal are adjusted to adjust the second stimulation current.

12. The wearable device of claim 11, wherein: The first analog voltage signal further includes the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; as well as The microprocessor is further configured to filter out the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal from the second analog voltage signal to obtain the first electromyographic signal.

13. The wearable device of claim 11, wherein: The microprocessor is further configured to output a fourth selection signal; The channel switching circuit is further configured to: According to the fourth selection signal, the first sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the third conductive line and the third electrode, and the second sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode. A third analog voltage signal is received from the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the third analog voltage signal includes a second electromyographic signal generated by the human body and the noise generated by the human body; and The noise is filtered out from the third analog voltage signal to generate a fourth analog voltage signal, and the fourth analog voltage signal is transmitted to the microprocessor. as well as The microprocessor is further configured to: Receive the fourth analog voltage signal; The second electromyographic signal is obtained from the fourth analog voltage signal; and The analysis result is generated by analyzing at least one of the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal.

14. The wearable device of claim 13, wherein: The control module further includes a gravity sensor electrically connected to the microprocessor and configured to detect a motion state of the human body, and generate a sensing signal based on the motion state; and The microprocessor is further configured to: Receive the sensing signal; and The analysis result is generated by analyzing the sensing signal and at least one of the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal.

15. The wearable device of claim 14, wherein the microprocessor is further configured to: Based on the first current value, a first impedance value is generated; Based on the second current value, a second impedance value is generated; The analysis result is generated by analyzing at least one of the sensing signal, the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal, and at least one of the first impedance value and the second impedance value.

16. The wearable device of claim 15, wherein: The microprocessor is further configured to execute an artificial intelligence model to analyze the sensed signal, the first electromyographic signal, the second electromyographic signal, the first impedance value, and the second impedance value, and generate the analysis results; and The analysis results include the person's muscle state or movement state.

17. The wearable device of claim 1, further comprising a base fixed to the wearable carrier and having a plurality of first conductive contacts, wherein: The plurality of conductive lines are respectively electrically connected to the plurality of conductive contacts of the base; The control module further includes a circuit board and a housing; The circuit board is housed within the housing and configured to house the microprocessor, the pulse generation circuit, and the channel switching circuit. The housing is provided with a plurality of second conductive contacts, which are matched with the plurality of first conductive contacts and electrically connected to the channel switching circuit on the circuit board; as well as The housing is detachably mounted on the base, allowing the channel switching circuit to be electrically connected to the multiple conductive lines via electrical contact between the multiple first conductive contacts and the multiple second conductive contacts.

18. The wearable device of claim 1, wherein: The plurality of conductive lines includes at least one flexible conductive line; and The material of the at least one flexible conductive line is selected from at least one of nylon yarn with a metal coating, carbon fiber, or conductive polymer film.

19. The wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The wearable device comprises a fabric layer; and The plurality of conductive lines are disposed on the wearable carrier via at least one of the following methods: The fabric is woven or embroidered and fixed within the fabric layer; Printed or coated onto the fabric layer with conductive ink; or Conductive wires are fixed to the fabric layer using adhesive material.

20. A method for providing a human body stimulation current, the method being applied to a wearable device having a microprocessor, a pulse generation circuit, a channel switching circuit, multiple electrodes, and multiple conductive lines, the method comprising: The microprocessor outputs a first control signal and a first selection signal. The pulse generation circuit generates a first pulse signal and a first stimulation current based on the first control signal, and outputs the first stimulation current through a first terminal of the pulse generation circuit; and The following is executed via the channel switching circuit: According to the first selection signal, a first conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and the first terminal of the pulse generating circuit is electrically connected to the first conductive line, wherein the first conductive line is electrically connected to a first electrode among the plurality of electrodes; According to the first selection signal, a second conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and a second terminal of the pulse generating circuit is electrically connected to the second conductive line, wherein the second conductive line is electrically connected to a second electrode among the plurality of electrodes; The first stimulating current is output to a first portion of the skin via the first conductive line and the first electrode; and A first feedback current is received from a second portion of the skin via the second conductive line and the second electrode.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising: A second control signal is output via the microprocessor; The pulse generation circuit generates a second pulse signal and a second stimulation current according to the second control signal, and outputs the second stimulation current through the second terminal of the pulse generation circuit; and The following is executed via the channel switching circuit: The second stimulating current is output to the second part of the skin via the second conductive line and the second electrode; and A second feedback current is received from the first portion of the skin via the first conductive line and the first electrode.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising: The microprocessor outputs a third control signal and a second selection signal. The pulse generation circuit generates a third pulse signal and a third stimulation current based on the third control signal, and outputs the third stimulation current through the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit; and The following is executed via the channel switching circuit: According to the second selection signal, a third conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and the electrical connection of the first terminal of the pulse generation circuit is switched from the first conductive line to the third conductive line, wherein the third conductive line is electrically connected to a third electrode among the plurality of electrodes; According to the second selection signal, a fourth conductive line is selected from the plurality of conductive lines, and the electrical connection of the second terminal of the pulse generation circuit is switched from the second conductive line to the fourth conductive line, wherein the fourth conductive line is electrically connected to a fourth electrode among the plurality of electrodes. The third stimulation current is output to a third portion of the skin via the third conductive line and the third electrode; and A third feedback current is received from a fourth portion of the skin via the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising: The microprocessor outputs a fourth control signal. The pulse generation circuit generates a fourth pulse signal and a fourth stimulation current based on the fourth control signal, and outputs the fourth stimulation current through the second terminal; and The following is executed via the channel switching circuit: The fourth stimulating current is output to the fourth portion of the skin via the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode; and A fourth feedback current is received from the third part of the skin via the third conductive line and the third electrode.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the wearable device further comprises a boost circuit, and the method further comprises: The microprocessor outputs a fifth control signal; The boost circuit performs the following: A battery voltage is boosted to an operating voltage and used as a voltage source to supply that operating voltage to the pulse generation circuit; and Adjust the voltage value of the operating voltage according to the fifth control signal; as well as The following is executed via the pulse generation circuit: Based on the first control signal and the operating voltage, the first pulse signal and the first stimulation current are generated; and The second pulse signal and the second stimulation current are generated based on the second control signal and the operating voltage.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the wearable device further comprises a current monitoring circuit, and the method further comprises: The first feedback current is received via the pulse generation circuit; The following is executed via the current monitoring circuit: The first feedback current is received from the pulse generation circuit; A first analog signal is generated based on the amplitude of the first feedback current; and The first analog signal is transmitted to the microprocessor; as well as The microprocessor executes the following: Receive the first analog signal; Based on the first analog signal, a first current value corresponding to the first feedback current is generated; The first current value is compared with a threshold value, and When the first current value is higher than the threshold value, the fifth control signal is adjusted to change the operating voltage, and the first control signal and the second control signal are adjusted to reduce the first stimulation current.

26. The method of claim 25, further comprising: The second feedback current is received via the pulse generation circuit; The following is executed via the current monitoring circuit: The second feedback current is received from the pulse generation circuit; A second analog signal is generated based on the amplitude of the second feedback current; and The second analog signal is transmitted to the microprocessor; as well as The microprocessor executes the following: Receive the second analog signal; Based on the second analog signal, a second current value corresponding to the second feedback current is generated; The second current value is compared with a threshold value, and When the second current value is higher than the threshold value, the fifth control signal is adjusted to change the operating voltage, and the first control signal and the second control signal are adjusted to reduce the second stimulation current.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the wearable device further comprises an electromyography sensing circuit having a first sensing terminal and a second sensing terminal, and the method further comprises: The microprocessor outputs a third selection signal; The following is executed via the channel switching circuit: According to the third selection signal, the first sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the first conductive line and the first electrode, and the second sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the second conductive line and the second electrode. A first analog voltage signal is received from the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first analog voltage signal includes a first electromyographic signal generated by the human body and a noise generated by the human body; and The noise is filtered out from the first analog voltage signal to generate a second analog voltage signal, and the second analog voltage signal is transmitted to the microprocessor. as well as The microprocessor executes the following: Receive the second analog voltage signal; The first electromyographic signal is obtained from the second analog voltage signal; The first electromyographic signal is analyzed to produce an analysis result; Based on the analysis results, adjust the fifth control signal to change the operating voltage; and Based on the analysis results, the first control signal and the second control signal are adjusted to adjust the first stimulation current, or the third control signal and the fourth control signal are adjusted to adjust the second stimulation current.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising: The microprocessor outputs a fourth selection signal; The following is executed via the channel switching circuit: According to the fourth selection signal, the first sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the third conductive line and the third electrode, and the second sensing terminal of the electromyography sensing circuit is electrically connected to the fourth conductive line and the fourth electrode. A third analog voltage signal is received from the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the third analog voltage signal includes a second electromyographic signal generated by the human body and the noise generated by the human body; and The noise is filtered out from the third analog voltage signal to generate a fourth analog voltage signal, and the fourth analog voltage signal is transmitted to the microprocessor. as well as The microprocessor executes the following: Receive the fourth analog voltage signal; The second electromyographic signal is obtained from the fourth analog voltage signal; and The analysis result is generated by analyzing at least one of the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the wearable device is further provided with a gravity sensor, and the method further comprises: The motion state of the human body is detected by the gravity sensor, and a sensing signal is generated based on the motion state. as well as The microprocessor executes the following: Receive the sensing signal; and The analysis result is generated by analyzing the sensing signal and at least one of the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal.

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising: The microprocessor executes the following: Based on the first current value, a first impedance value is generated; Based on the second current value, a second impedance value is generated; and The analysis result is generated by analyzing at least one of the sensing signal, the first electromyographic signal and the second electromyographic signal, and at least one of the first impedance value and the second impedance value.

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