Wireless train-to-ground data transmission apparatus for railway vehicle
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/086550
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-03-27
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
Smart Images
Figure CN2026086550_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device
[0001] Related applications
[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510371665.1, filed on March 27, 2025, and incorporates the disclosure of the aforementioned patent application as part of this application. Technical Field
[0003] This application relates to the field of railway communication technology, specifically to a wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles. Background Technology
[0004] With the rapid expansion of China's high-speed railway network and the continuous increase in train operating speed, the demand for the quality and timeliness of train-to-ground communication is also growing. In traditional railway train-to-ground communication systems, GPRS and GPS are two key technical components that work together to achieve real-time monitoring and dispatching of trains.
[0005] However, during peak hours, GPRS networks may experience congestion due to surges in data traffic, potentially leading to slower transmission speeds and increased latency. Furthermore, GPRS service coverage is limited, and some remote areas may not have access to consistently stable service. Because GPRS uses a shared channel mechanism, its upload and download speeds, as well as overall service quality, may fluctuate, making it difficult to maintain consistency.
[0006] Furthermore, GPS satellite signals are susceptible to interference from buildings, terrain, and weather conditions during transmission, especially in tunnels or densely built-up urban areas, where signal reception quality can be significantly degraded. Additionally, due to multipath effects caused by reflection and refraction, signals may reach the receiver multiple times, potentially reducing positioning accuracy. Moreover, if devices operating for extended periods are not calibrated in a timely manner, clock drift errors can also affect the accuracy of location information.
[0007] As can be seen from the above, traditional railway vehicle-to-ground communication mainly relies on fixed lines and limited communication infrastructure, which to some extent limits the data transmission rate and bandwidth, making it difficult to meet the growing demand for informatization and automation, especially in high-speed moving environments. Summary of the Invention
[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles.
[0009] In the first aspect, a wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles is provided, including: a Beidou data acquisition module and a Beidou 4G combined antenna;
[0010] The BeiDou data acquisition module is installed inside the railway vehicle carriage, and the BeiDou 4G combined antenna is installed on the top of the railway vehicle carriage. The BeiDou data acquisition module is connected to the BeiDou 4G combined antenna.
[0011] The BeiDou 4G combined antenna is used to receive positioning signals from BeiDou satellites and send the positioning signals to the BeiDou data acquisition module;
[0012] The BeiDou data acquisition module is used to determine the location information of railway vehicles based on the received positioning signals and send it to the BeiDou 4G combined antenna, so that the BeiDou 4G combined antenna can send the location information to the ground server through the 4G network.
[0013] The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device provided in this application can receive positioning signals from BeiDou satellites via a BeiDou 4G combined antenna to obtain more accurate location information. Furthermore, the BeiDou 4G combined antenna also enables 4G data transmission with a ground server, improving the real-time performance and efficiency of data transmission. Attached Figure Description
[0014] To more clearly illustrate some embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles provided in this application;
[0016] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Beidou 4G combined antenna provided in this application;
[0017] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of another Beidou 4G combined antenna provided in this application;
[0018] Figure 2C is a schematic diagram of another Beidou 4G combined antenna provided in this application;
[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the panel structure of a Beidou data acquisition module provided in this application;
[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a module box cover for a Beidou data acquisition module provided in this application;
[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the module box of a Beidou data acquisition module provided in this application;
[0022] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a Beidou data acquisition module provided in this application;
[0023] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a car-level main unit provided in this application;
[0024] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device provided in this application;
[0025] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a central data processing module provided in this application;
[0026] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another central data processing module provided in this application;
[0027] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a train-level main unit provided in this application;
[0028] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another type of wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles provided in this application. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in some embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on some embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.
[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings herein are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices. It should be noted that the acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solutions of this application comply with the relevant provisions of applicable laws and regulations.
[0031] Railway rolling stock is an indispensable core asset in the railway transportation system, and its safety directly affects the stability and efficiency of the entire transportation network. To ensure the safe operation of railway rolling stock, a comprehensive and advanced safety monitoring system must be installed to collect and analyze train operation data in real time. Railway rolling stock plays a crucial role in the transportation system, involving multiple aspects such as vehicle utilization, comprehensive preparation, and overall maintenance.
[0032] Therefore, to improve train operation safety, railway vehicles have been equipped with multiple safety assurance systems, the most critical of which is the railway vehicle operation safety monitoring system, abbreviated as the "5T" system. This system consists of five core components:
[0033] 1. Infrared Axle Temperature Detection and Intelligent Tracking System (THDS): Used to monitor train axle temperature and prevent hot axle failure.
[0034] 2. Ground Safety Monitoring System for Truck Operation Status (TPDS): Monitors the operating status of trucks in real time to ensure the safety of cargo transportation.
[0035] 3. Trackside Acoustic Diagnostic System (TADS) for Early Faults of Rolling Bearings in Freight Cars: This system uses acoustic diagnostic technology to detect potential faults in rolling bearings in advance.
[0036] 4. Truck Operation Fault Dynamic Image Detection System (TFDS): Utilizes dynamic image analysis to detect faults in truck operation.
[0037] 5. Bus Operation Safety Monitoring System (TCDS): Real-time monitoring, diagnosis and alarm of key components of the bus, such as power supply system, air conditioning, power supply, doors, fire alarm, axle temperature, braking system and bogie.
[0038] The TCDS system is crucial for railway transportation safety. Through onboard detection equipment, the TCDS system provides comprehensive status monitoring of passenger trains in operation and transmits data to the ground monitoring center in real time via wireless communication technology. This system not only ensures real-time monitoring and comprehensive analysis of train status but also focuses on preventing accidents such as hot axles and fires, as well as failures in critical components such as the running gear, braking system, power supply, electrical systems, and air conditioning systems. The core components of the TCDS system include:
[0039] TCDS Host: As the core processing unit of the system, the TCDS host integrates key components such as GPRS boards, CPU boards, and motherboards. These components work together to collect, process, and transmit data. The host is securely installed in the train's electrical distribution box to ensure stable operation and facilitate maintenance.
[0040] GPS antenna: Responsible for receiving Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to provide the train with accurate geographical location information. The GPS antenna is mounted on the roof of the train to ensure unobstructed signal reception, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the train's position.
[0041] GPRS antenna: Used to enable wireless data transmission between the train and the ground control center. The GPRS antenna is also installed on the outside of the distribution box to ensure the stability and coverage of data transmission.
[0042] WLAN antenna: Used for wireless local area network communication inside the train, supporting the download and transmission of process data. The WLAN antenna is also installed on the roof to provide wide wireless coverage.
[0043] Feeder: The feeder connects each antenna to the main unit, responsible for transmitting signals and power, and ensuring effective communication between different parts of the system.
[0044] The GPS antenna is a positioning antenna, providing both positioning and timing functions. The GPRS and WLAN antennas are data transmission antennas; the GPRS antenna is used for real-time data transmission, and the WLAN antenna is used for process data download. These three types of antennas are installed separately.
[0045] With the rapid expansion of China's high-speed railway network and the continuous increase in train operating speeds, the demand for high-quality and timely train-to-ground communication is also growing. However, the GPS antenna in the aforementioned TCDS host may have the following problems when providing positioning services:
[0046] 1. Signal obstruction problem: GPS signals may be interfered with by buildings, terrain and weather conditions, especially in tunnels or urban areas with tall buildings. These obstacles can significantly reduce the quality of signal reception and affect the accuracy of positioning.
[0047] 2. Multipath effect: In complex environments, GPS signals may be reflected and refracted multiple times before reaching the receiver. This multipath propagation may cause signal confusion, thereby reducing positioning accuracy.
[0048] 3. Time synchronization error: GPS systems rely on precise time synchronization to determine location. If the receiver's clock drifts and is not calibrated in time, the accuracy of the location information will be affected.
[0049] Similarly, GPRS antennas also have some limitations in data transmission:
[0050] 1. Network congestion: During peak hours, the GPRS network may become congested due to a surge in data traffic, which can lead to a decrease in data transmission speed and an increase in communication delay.
[0051] 2. Service area limitations: GPRS coverage may not be extensive enough in some remote areas, where stable and reliable service may not be available.
[0052] 3. Service quality fluctuations: Because the GPRS network uses a shared channel, its upload and download speeds and overall service quality may fluctuate due to changes in network conditions, making it difficult to maintain consistency.
[0053] As the above shows, traditional railway vehicle-to-ground communication systems mainly rely on fixed lines and limited communication infrastructure, which limits the speed and capacity of data transmission. With the increasing demands for informatization and automation in the railway transportation industry, especially in the dynamic environment of high-speed train operation, the shortcomings of these traditional communication methods are becoming increasingly apparent.
[0054] Based on this, this application provides a wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles, as shown in Figure 1. The wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles includes: a Beidou data acquisition module 101 and a Beidou 4G combined antenna 102.
[0055] The Beidou data acquisition module 101 is installed inside the carriage of the railway vehicle, and the Beidou 4G combined antenna 102 is installed on the top of the carriage of the railway vehicle. The Beidou data acquisition module is connected to the Beidou 4G combined antenna.
[0056] The Beidou 4G combined antenna 102 is used to receive positioning signals from Beidou satellites and send the positioning signals to the Beidou data acquisition module;
[0057] The Beidou data acquisition module 101 is used to determine the location information of railway vehicles based on the received positioning signals and send it to the Beidou 4G combined antenna, so that the Beidou 4G combined antenna can send the location information to the ground server through the 4G network.
[0058] The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device provided in this application can receive positioning signals from BeiDou satellites via a BeiDou 4G combined antenna to obtain more accurate location information. Furthermore, the BeiDou 4G combined antenna also enables 4G data transmission with a ground server, improving the real-time performance and efficiency of data transmission.
[0059] In some embodiments, the BeiDou 4G combined antenna includes a first port and a second port, and the BeiDou 4G combined antenna is connected to the BeiDou data acquisition module through the first port and the second port; the first port is used to transmit the positioning signal of the BeiDou satellite; and the second port is used for 4G network communication.
[0060] Specifically, the BeiDou 4G combined antenna is a dual-port combined antenna. The first port receives positioning signals and sends them to the BeiDou data acquisition module, while the second port receives location information and sends it to the ground server via the 4G network, supporting 4G mobile communication frequency bands. For example, the BeiDou 4G combined antenna can be an omnidirectional antenna, with a weight of less than 1 kg, and its communication operating frequency bands can meet the requirements of 694–960 MHz and 1710–2700 MHz.
[0061] Figures 2A-2C show schematic diagrams of the structure of the BeiDou 4G combined antenna 102 provided in this application. As shown in Figure 2A, the BeiDou 4G combined antenna 102 includes: a housing 201, a base 202, a first port 203, and a second port 204. As shown in Figure 2B, screw holes 205 can be provided on the base 202 of the BeiDou 4G combined antenna 102 to fix the antenna 102 in place. As shown in Figure 2C, a textured waterproof rubber pad 206 is also provided under the base 202 of the BeiDou 4G combined antenna 102 to prevent moisture from penetrating into the interior of the antenna 102 and to increase friction, preventing the antenna 102 from sliding.
[0062] This dual-port design improves the integration and efficiency of the BeiDou 4G antenna, and the omnidirectional antenna can transmit or receive signals uniformly in all directions, helping railway vehicles maintain stable communication connections at high speeds, especially in complex terrain and weather conditions. Furthermore, controlling the antenna weight helps reduce the overall weight of the railway vehicles, while also facilitating installation and maintenance. By setting the communication operating frequency band of the BeiDou 4G antenna, it can adapt to different communication needs, including 4G communication and BeiDou satellite signal reception.
[0063] In some embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module includes: a BeiDou module, a JE interface, a JWD interface, a power supply, and a SIM card slot; the BeiDou module is used to determine the location information of railway vehicles based on the positioning signals of BeiDou satellites; the power supply is used to provide power to the BeiDou data acquisition module; and the SIM card slot is used to install a SIM card.
[0064] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, this application provides a schematic diagram of the panel structure of a Beidou data acquisition module, including: panel 1, indicator lights 2, Phillips head countersunk screws (specifically M2.5 Phillips head countersunk screws, a total of 8) 3, 4G interface 4, Beidou (BDS) interface 5, JE interface 6, blank sign handle 7, 12V power interface 8, JWD interface 9, switch 10, 110V power interface 11, and BD-1 sign handle 12. It should be noted that Figure 3 is only a schematic diagram of the Beidou data acquisition module panel, showing only some components of the Beidou data acquisition module; for example, the power supply and the Beidou module itself are not shown.
[0065] The indicator lights 2, including D1, D2, D3, and D4, display the operating status of different BeiDou data acquisition modules. The BeiDou interface 5 connects to the first port of the BeiDou 4G combined antenna, and the 4G interface 4 connects to the second port. The 12V power interface 8 provides 12V power input to the BeiDou data acquisition module. The switch 10 controls the power supply of the BeiDou data acquisition module, allowing users to manually turn it on or off. The 110V power interface 11 provides 110V power input to the BeiDou data acquisition module. Furthermore, Figure 3 shows the length and width of the BeiDou data acquisition module panel. Specifically, the total length of the BeiDou data acquisition module is 262mm, the length from the center line of the top nut to the center line of the bottom nut is 255.8mm, and the width is 35.5mm.
[0066] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the module cover of a Beidou data acquisition module provided in this application. The module cover of the Beidou data acquisition module is a 6U module cover, including: 13. 6U module cover, 14. Hexagonal thin nuts (specifically M2.5 hexagonal thin nuts), 15. Phillips head pan screws (specifically M2.5 Phillips head pan screws, 20 in total), 16. Beidou data acquisition module (BD-1 board), 17. Error prevention (DB9), 18. Phillips head pan screws (specifically M2.5 Phillips head pan screws, 3 in total), 19. Furthermore, the module cover in Figure 5 is 244.1 mm long and 165.3 mm wide.
[0067] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the module box of a Beidou data acquisition module provided in this application. The module box of the Beidou data acquisition module corresponds to the module box cover and is a 6U module box, including: 6U module box fixing block 20, 6U module box 21, 6U module box guide rail 22, slotted cylindrical head screws (specifically slotted cylindrical head screws M3, a total of 10) 23, and cross-head pan head screws (specifically cross-head pan head screws M2.5, a total of 10) 24.
[0068] Figure 6 shows the overall structure of a BeiDou data acquisition module provided in this application, including the panel 301, the module cover 302, and the module box 303. Furthermore, it also includes components such as a power supply and a BeiDou module.
[0069] For example, the BeiDou data acquisition module, also known as a BD board, uses a 6U plug-in size and a front panel width of 7HP. The power supply can be DC 110V, employing an isolated power supply design with a power consumption of less than 10W. A fast-fuse fuse is included at the power supply input terminal to provide overcurrent protection. The fuse's overcurrent parameter can be selected based on 1.5-2 times the actual operating current to ensure timely segmentation of the power supply in case of overcurrent or short circuit in the BeiDou data acquisition module, isolating internal and external circuits. The height of the components on the back of the BeiDou data acquisition module does not exceed 1.2mm, and the PCB thickness can be 1.6mm.
[0070] In some embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module further includes an Ethernet interface, enabling the BeiDou data acquisition module to transmit data via Ethernet (e.g., Gigabit Ethernet).
[0071] In some embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module can also be connected to a display screen and input status information to the display screen so that the display screen displays the status information of the BeiDou data acquisition module, such as the power supply status display, positioning status display, communication network status display, and device connection status display (such as the communication status display with the central data processing module).
[0072] In this way, the BeiDou data acquisition module can provide high-precision location information for railway vehicles using positioning signals from BeiDou satellites, which is helpful for real-time monitoring and scheduling of railway vehicles. Furthermore, the power supply adopts a DC 110V isolated power supply design to ensure the stable operation of the BeiDou data acquisition module, while the low-power design contributes to energy saving. In addition, overcurrent protection is implemented by setting a fast-acting fuse at the power supply input, improving system safety and preventing equipment damage caused by overcurrent or short circuits. The Ethernet interface allows the BeiDou data acquisition module to display real-time status information, facilitating monitoring and maintenance by staff.
[0073] In some embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module is also used to transmit the acquired data to a ground server via a BeiDou 4G combined antenna.
[0074] The aforementioned transmission method is a transparent transmission mode, meaning that the BeiDou data acquisition module does not change the content of the data during data transmission; it simply transmits the data to the ground server through the BeiDou 4G combined antenna. For example, the acquired host data can be data collected by the central data processing module or data processed by the central data processing module.
[0075] In some embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module can also perform self-testing to monitor its own operating status.
[0076] For example, the BeiDou data acquisition module can perform self-testing by responding to polling signals sent by other devices. The polling signal is used to obtain the operating status of the BeiDou data acquisition module. After receiving the polling signal, the BeiDou data acquisition module returns a feedback signal, which other devices can use to determine the operating status of the BeiDou data acquisition module.
[0077] In this way, through self-testing, the BeiDou data acquisition module can promptly detect and report potential faults or anomalies, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system. Real-time monitoring of the BeiDou data acquisition module's operational status also enables maintenance personnel to quickly identify problems, reducing troubleshooting time and improving maintenance efficiency.
[0078] In some embodiments, the SIM card slot in the Beidou data acquisition module adopts a locking design to prevent the SIM card from accidentally falling out during transportation or use, thus ensuring communication stability.
[0079] In some embodiments, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes: a carriage-level host installed inside the carriage of the railway vehicle, with the BeiDou data acquisition module plugged into the carriage-level host.
[0080] Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, this application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a carriage-level host. The Beidou data acquisition module 101 exists as an independent board and is integrated into the carriage-level host (also known as the carriage-level safety monitoring host) of the railway vehicle through plug-in / plug-out. In addition, the carriage-level host in Figure 7 also includes: WLAN board 103, XS board 401, ZX2 board 402, ZX1 board 403, ZD2 board 404, FM board 405, WG2 board 406, P1C2 board 407, P1C1 board 408, and a blank board. It should be noted that each carriage in the railway vehicle corresponds to one carriage-level host, which is mainly used to acquire relevant data of the corresponding carriage, such as location information and fault information.
[0081] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes: a central data processing module 103 (also known as a CPU board), which is connected to the Beidou data acquisition module. The central data processing module is used to receive and summarize the vehicle status information sent by the Beidou data acquisition module.
[0082] Specifically, as shown in Figure 9, the central data processing module is a schematic diagram of its structure, specifically a schematic diagram of its principle. The central data processing module includes: an ARM processor, storage devices (including a system disk and a data disk), a watchdog timer (specifically an external watchdog), a real-time clock (RTC), communication interfaces, and an ISA bus. The storage devices, watchdog timer, RTC, communication interfaces, and ISA bus are all connected to the ARM processor. The communication interfaces include: JT interface, JWD interface, and JX interface. The ARM processor is used to aggregate vehicle status information sent by the BeiDou data acquisition module; the storage device is used to store the vehicle status information; the watchdog timer is used to monitor the operating status of the ARM processor; the RTC provides the system time; the ISA bus transmits data to the ARM processor; the JE interface of the central data processing module is connected to the JE interface of the BeiDou data acquisition module to enable data transmission between the two modules via Ethernet; the JWD interface of the central data processing module is connected to the JWD interface of the BeiDou data acquisition module to enable data transmission between the two modules via serial port.
[0083] As shown in Figure 9, the central data processing module can be mainly divided into three parts: the front panel, the ARM processor, and the rear panel. In addition to the components mentioned above, the front panel in Figure 9 also includes indicator light D1 and other communication interfaces, such as a USB interface (specifically USB1, mainly used for data download), a JGP interface, and a JS interface. All communication interfaces on the front panel are connected to the ARM processor through interface circuits. The rear panel in Figure 9 also includes a DC-DC converter, used to convert the input DC voltage to different voltage levels required by the central data processing module. The aforementioned communication interfaces include multiple Ethernet interfaces, such as the JT interface (ETH1), JE interface (ETH2), and JS interface (ETH3), and multiple RS232 serial ports, such as the JGP interface (COM2) and the JWD interface (COM3+COM4).
[0084] For example, the ARM processor has a clock speed of no less than 1GHz, memory of no less than 512MB, a system disk of no less than 8GB, and a data disk of no less than 16GB. Furthermore, it integrates a real-time clock circuit, providing calendar functionality for the central data processing module and enabling time synchronization by receiving time from the railway vehicle's network system. It also integrates a watchdog circuit design, capable of restarting the central data processing module in case of startup or operational malfunction. The rated input voltage of the central data processing module is DC5V, and its rated power is no more than 10W.
[0085] Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of another central data processing module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of the central data processing module, corresponding to Figure 9. As shown in Figure 10, the central data processing module belongs to the 3U-12HP standard board and includes multiple communication interfaces and indicator lights, etc. For details, please refer to the description above, which will not be repeated here.
[0086] In some embodiments, the JS interface of the central data processing module is used for device debugging. For example, the central data processing module is connected to a debugging device via the JS interface, enabling the debugging device to perform device debugging on the central data processing module.
[0087] In some embodiments, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes: a train-level host installed inside the railway vehicle, with a central data processing module plugged into the train-level host.
[0088] Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, which is a structural schematic diagram of a train-level host provided in this application, the central data processing module 103 can be connected to a slot on the back panel of the train-level host's chassis in the railway vehicle. The mechanical structure within the central data processing module allows it to be securely fixed within the train-level host's chassis. Furthermore, the train-level host also includes cards such as P1L1, P1L2, LG2, and LG1. It should be noted that there is only one train-level host in the entire railway vehicle, used to acquire and analyze relevant data from each carriage.
[0089] In some embodiments, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes a display screen. The central data processing module is connected to the display screen via a JX interface, so that the display screen displays the vehicle status information summarized by the central data processing module. The display screen is a train-level display screen capable of displaying vehicle status information for all carriages.
[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes: a WLAN board 104 disposed in the carriage-level host, the WLAN board including: a WLAN interface, a power interface, an indicator light, and a JT interface, the WLAN board being plugged into the carriage-level host.
[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes: a WLAN antenna 105, which is disposed on the top of the railway vehicle carriage and connected to the WLAN interface of the WLAN board.
[0092] Specifically, the WLAN antenna can connect to the station's local area network (LAN). When railway vehicles are stopped at the station, the WLAN antenna can connect to the LAN, thereby enabling WLAN communication. This allows for the rapid transmission of large amounts of data while railway vehicles are stopped at the station, and also facilitates the station's management and scheduling of railway vehicles through the LAN.
[0093] In some embodiments, the JT interface of the central data processing module is connected to the JT interface of the WLAN antenna so that the central data processing module can receive data from the WLAN board, and the WLAN board can send the vehicle fault diagnosis data of the central data processing module to the ground server (also known as the ground data center) through the WLAN antenna.
[0094] In some embodiments, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes a train-level PLC gateway, and the JGP interface of the central data processing module is used to connect to the train-level PLC gateway so that it can acquire the vehicle electrical data of the railway vehicle.
[0095] In some embodiments, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device further includes: an antenna base, which is fixed to the top of the railway vehicle carriage, and a Beidou 4G combined antenna is mounted on the antenna base.
[0096] Specifically, to ensure the stability of the BeiDou 4G combined antenna, it can be installed in a corresponding antenna base. The antenna base is fixed to the roof of the railway vehicle through mounting holes, or it can be welded to the roof. For example, the antenna base may include: a base, connectors, and waterproof seals. The base is made of high-strength alloy material and is directly welded to the train body, providing basic support for the entire mounting. It is designed with anti-slip textures or anchoring holes to increase the contact area and stability with the roof surface. Connectors include power connectors and signal line connectors, responsible for connecting the antenna to the vehicle's electronic systems, and are waterproof to prevent rainwater or moisture from entering and causing short circuits. Waterproof seals include rubber rings and silicone gaskets, placed between the base and the roof contact surface to effectively isolate external moisture and protect internal components from corrosion.
[0097] In some embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module can obtain network status information to monitor network status in real time. In the event of a network interruption, the BeiDou data acquisition module can automatically attempt to re-establish the connection to ensure communication continuity. Furthermore, the BeiDou data acquisition module can also send the acquired network status information to the central data processing module.
[0098] In some embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module has a hard-wired reset function, which allows the central data processing module to force reset the BeiDou data acquisition module through a hard-wired signal, thereby quickly restoring the BeiDou data acquisition module to its normal working state.
[0099] It should be noted that a railway vehicle comprises multiple carriages, each containing a carriage-level main unit, where the BeiDou data acquisition module is located. The central data processing module, however, is located in the train-level main unit, which is the only one in the entire railway vehicle. All the BeiDou data acquisition modules in the carriages are connected to the central data processing module. For example, a railway vehicle with eight carriages contains eight BeiDou data acquisition modules, each connected to a single central data processing module. Based on this, the central data processing module can transmit data with all the BeiDou data acquisition modules in the railway vehicle, acquiring information such as the location and fault information of each carriage.
[0100] In some embodiments, the central data processing module can be used for fault diagnosis of railway vehicles. Specifically, the central data processing module can receive vehicle status information sent by the BeiDou data acquisition module and determine fault information and carriage location information based on the vehicle status information. Further, the fault information and carriage location information are sent to the BeiDou data acquisition module, enabling it to transmit the fault information and carriage location information to the ground server based on the BeiDou 4G combined antenna. After receiving the fault information and carriage location information, the ground server tracks the carriage and takes appropriate measures.
[0101] In other embodiments, the BeiDou data acquisition module can also directly obtain the alarm information and location information of its respective carriage, and can directly send the alarm information and location information of the carriage to the ground server based on the BeiDou 4G combined antenna, without the participation of the central data processing module.
[0102] In some embodiments, the central data processing module can collect various key parameters of vehicle operation in real time, including but not limited to speed, position, direction, acceleration, and braking status. Furthermore, it can monitor vehicle health conditions, such as engine operating status, electrical system status, and wheel axle vibration, thereby achieving comprehensive vehicle status awareness.
[0103] In some embodiments, the central data processing module supports functions such as data processing, fault diagnosis, event and fault identification and handling, data distribution, file processing, data storage, internal and external communication control, and system self-testing.
[0104] In some embodiments, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device can use the precise positioning capability of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and the high-speed data transmission capability provided by 4G to quickly send the collected information back to the ground server (also known as the ground control center).
[0105] Among them, the BeiDou system ensures the accuracy of location information and provides reliable positioning services even in complex geographical environments; 4G ensures the communication needs of large data volumes and low latency, enabling ground command personnel to keep track of train dynamics in real time.
[0106] In some embodiments, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device can receive dispatching commands and operation adjustment instructions from the ground control center and immediately transmit them to the railway vehicle's control system for execution, such as speed limits, stopping, starting, and track changing instructions. This two-way communication mechanism greatly improves the safety and flexibility of train operation.
[0107] In some embodiments, in emergency situations, such as fault warnings, track anomalies, natural disasters, or other sudden events, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device can immediately report to the ground and receive emergency response guidance, helping the driver make correct judgments and operations, effectively preventing accidents and protecting the lives and property of passengers.
[0108] In some embodiments, the central data processing module in the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device can analyze historical data of railway vehicles, assess the wear and tear of various vehicle components, predict potential maintenance needs, plan maintenance schedules in advance, reduce unplanned downtime, extend train service life, and reduce operating costs.
[0109] In some embodiments, the central data processing module in the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device can automatically store the train's trajectory and related events. In the event of a safety accident, the train's driving record can be played back to analyze the cause, which helps in accident investigation and liability determination.
[0110] In this way, the railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device provided in this application can receive positioning signals from BeiDou satellites through the BeiDou 4G combined antenna to obtain more accurate location information. Furthermore, the BeiDou 4G combined antenna can also achieve 4G data transmission with a ground server, improving the real-time performance and efficiency of data transmission.
[0111] In addition, it can also achieve the following beneficial effects:
[0112] 1. High-precision positioning and tracking: With the help of the sub-meter positioning accuracy of the Beidou system, this device can obtain the exact location, direction of travel and speed information of the train in real time, providing a solid foundation for refined scheduling.
[0113] Specifically, the BeiDou-3 global satellite navigation system is used to provide positioning accuracy better than 5 meters, enabling real-time tracking and dynamic monitoring of the train's location, and providing precise spatial coordinates for train scheduling and safe driving. Combined with train timetables and a Geographic Information System (GIS), a complete train trajectory is formed, facilitating subsequent data analysis and optimization.
[0114] 2. High-speed data transmission: Relying on the high bandwidth of the 4G network, the device can complete the uploading and downloading of massive amounts of data in a very short time, ensuring the real-time transmission of various information streams such as vehicle status monitoring data, operation logs, and video images.
[0115] Specifically, leveraging the high speed (theoretically peak downlink 100Mbps / uplink 50Mbps) and large capacity of 4G networks, real-time transmission of large amounts of data such as train operation status, fault information, and video surveillance is achieved, ensuring the immediacy and integrity of the information. The transmission rate and encoding method are automatically adjusted according to the network environment to optimize data transmission quality, reduce packet loss, and improve communication efficiency.
[0116] 3. Strong anti-interference capability: The built-in signal processing algorithm of the device can effectively suppress external electromagnetic interference, ensure the integrity and accuracy of data transmission, and maintain stable communication even under complex environmental conditions.
[0117] Specifically, multipath signal processing technology is employed to identify and prioritize the clearest signal path, effectively resisting external electromagnetic interference and ensuring data transmission stability. A forward error correction (FEC) algorithm is designed to automatically detect and correct errors during data transmission, improving data transmission accuracy.
[0118] 4. Flexible deployment and seamless switching: Considering the actual situation of train operation across different regions, the device has the ability to automatically search for the optimal base station and quickly switch networks to ensure the continuity of cross-regional communication.
[0119] Specifically, when the train approaches the boundary of a base station, it pre-detects the signal of the next base station, achieving a rapid handover within milliseconds to avoid data transmission interruptions. In the event of poor or interrupted 4G signal, it automatically switches to a backup communication network, such as Wi-Fi or BeiDou short message service, to ensure communication continuity.
[0120] 5. Intelligent diagnosis and self-repair: It integrates self-testing and fault recovery mechanisms. When an anomaly is detected at the hardware or software level, it can proactively issue an alarm and attempt to recover, reducing the need for manual intervention and improving system availability.
[0121] 6. Information security protection: Encryption technology and access control policies are adopted to ensure the confidentiality of sensitive information during transmission and prevent unauthorized access and data tampering.
[0122] Specifically, transmitted data is subjected to high-strength encryption to prevent data leakage and tampering risks, and to protect the security of sensitive information. Only authorized users are allowed to access specific data to prevent unauthorized intrusion and misuse.
[0123] 7. Large-scale concurrent processing capability: Supports simultaneous online operation and data interaction of a large number of terminal devices, meeting the needs of concurrent communication of multiple trains in the same area. Dynamically allocates network resources, intelligently adjusting bandwidth allocation based on factors such as train location and communication priority to ensure that each train receives sufficient transmission speed.
Claims
1. A wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device for railway vehicles, characterized in that, include: Beidou data acquisition module and Beidou 4G combined antenna; The Beidou data acquisition module is installed inside the carriage of the railway vehicle, and the Beidou 4G combined antenna is installed on the top of the carriage of the railway vehicle. The Beidou data acquisition module is connected to the Beidou 4G combined antenna. The BeiDou 4G combined antenna is used to receive positioning signals from BeiDou satellites and send the positioning signals to the BeiDou data acquisition module; The BeiDou data acquisition module is used to determine the location information of the railway vehicle based on the received positioning signal and send it to the BeiDou 4G combined antenna, so that the BeiDou 4G combined antenna can send the location information to the ground server through the 4G network.
2. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BeiDou 4G combined antenna includes a first port and a second port, and the BeiDou 4G combined antenna is connected to the BeiDou data acquisition module through the first port and the second port. The first port is used to transmit the positioning signal of the BeiDou satellite; The second port is used for 4G network communication.
3. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BeiDou data acquisition module includes: a BeiDou module, a JE interface, a JWD interface, a power supply, and a SIM card slot; The Beidou module is used to determine the location information of railway vehicles based on the positioning signals of the Beidou satellite; The power supply is used to provide power to the BeiDou data acquisition module; The SIM card slot is used to install a SIM card.
4. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The carriage-level host is installed inside the carriage of the railway vehicle, and the Beidou data acquisition module is plugged into the carriage-level host.
5. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A central data processing module is connected to the BeiDou data acquisition module. The central data processing module is used to receive and summarize the vehicle status information sent by the BeiDou data acquisition module.
6. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central data processing module includes an ARM processor, a storage device, a watchdog timer, a real-time clock, a communication interface, and an ISA bus. The storage device, the watchdog timer, the real-time clock, the communication interface, and the ISA bus are respectively connected to the ARM processor. The communication interface includes a JT interface, a JWD interface, and a JX interface. The ARM processor is used to aggregate the vehicle status information sent by the Beidou data acquisition module; The storage device is used to store vehicle status information; The watchdog timer is used to monitor the operating status of the ARM processor; The real-time clock is used to provide system time; The ISA bus is used to transmit data to the ARM processor; The JE interface of the central data processing module is connected to the JE interface of the Beidou data acquisition module to enable the Beidou data acquisition module and the central data processing module to transmit data via Ethernet. The JWD interface of the central data processing module is connected to the JWD interface of the BeiDou data acquisition module to enable data transmission between the BeiDou data acquisition module and the central data processing module via serial port.
7. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The train-level host is installed inside the railway vehicle, and the central data processing module is plugged into the train-level host.
8. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The WLAN board is installed in the main unit of the vehicle compartment. The WLAN board includes a WLAN interface, a power interface, an indicator light, and a JT interface. The WLAN board is plugged into the main unit of the vehicle compartment.
9. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A WLAN antenna is installed on the top of the carriage of the railway vehicle, and the WLAN antenna is connected to the WLAN interface of the WLAN board.
10. The railway vehicle wireless vehicle-to-ground data transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An antenna base is fixed to the top of the carriage of the railway vehicle, and the Beidou 4G combined antenna is installed on the antenna base.